Merge branch 'pratik/otel-phase9-metric-gap-fill' into pratik/otel-phase10-workload-validation

From the code-review pass:
- transaction-overview.json: the tx.process and tx.transactor latency-by-type
  panels used lowercase legends (p95/p50) without the per-node dimension. Use
  Title Case (P95/P50), add exported_instance to the by() clause, and include
  [{{exported_instance}}] in the legend, per the dashboard legend convention.
- consensus-health.json: panel descriptions still referenced the old dotted
  attribute names (xrpl.consensus.mode, xrpl.ledger.seq) after the A1 rename;
  update them to the bare emitted names (consensus_mode, ledger_seq).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>

.codecov.yml

@@ -36,3 +36,8 @@ ignore:
   - "src/tests/"
   - "include/xrpl/beast/test/"
   - "include/xrpl/beast/unit_test/"
+  # Telemetry modules — conditionally compiled behind XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY,
+  # which is not enabled in coverage builds.
+  - "src/xrpld/telemetry/"
+  - "src/libxrpl/beast/insight/OTelCollector.cpp"
+  - "include/xrpl/beast/insight/OTelCollector.h"

.github/scripts/levelization/results/loops.txt

@@ -4,6 +4,9 @@ Loop: test.jtx test.toplevel
 Loop: test.jtx test.unit_test
   test.unit_test ~= test.jtx
 
+Loop: xrpl.telemetry xrpld.rpc
+  xrpld.rpc > xrpl.telemetry
+
 Loop: xrpld.app xrpld.overlay
   xrpld.app > xrpld.overlay
 
@@ -16,6 +19,12 @@ Loop: xrpld.app xrpld.rpc
 Loop: xrpld.app xrpld.shamap
   xrpld.shamap > xrpld.app
 
+Loop: xrpld.app xrpld.telemetry
+  xrpld.telemetry == xrpld.app
+
 Loop: xrpld.overlay xrpld.rpc
   xrpld.rpc ~= xrpld.overlay
 
+Loop: xrpld.overlay xrpld.telemetry
+  xrpld.telemetry ~= xrpld.overlay
+

.github/scripts/levelization/results/ordering.txt

@@ -41,6 +41,8 @@ libxrpl.shamap > xrpl.basics
 libxrpl.shamap > xrpl.nodestore
 libxrpl.shamap > xrpl.protocol
 libxrpl.shamap > xrpl.shamap
+libxrpl.telemetry > xrpl.basics
+libxrpl.telemetry > xrpl.telemetry
 libxrpl.tx > xrpl.basics
 libxrpl.tx > xrpl.conditions
 libxrpl.tx > xrpl.core
@@ -48,6 +50,7 @@ libxrpl.tx > xrpl.json
 libxrpl.tx > xrpl.ledger
 libxrpl.tx > xrpl.protocol
 libxrpl.tx > xrpl.server
+libxrpl.tx > xrpl.telemetry
 libxrpl.tx > xrpl.tx
 test.app > test.jtx
 test.app > test.unit_test
@@ -101,6 +104,7 @@ test.csf > xrpld.consensus
 test.csf > xrpl.json
 test.csf > xrpl.ledger
 test.csf > xrpl.protocol
+test.csf > xrpl.telemetry
 test.json > test.jtx
 test.json > xrpl.json
 test.jtx > xrpl.basics
@@ -189,6 +193,7 @@ test.unit_test > xrpl.basics
 test.unit_test > xrpl.protocol
 tests.libxrpl > xrpl.basics
 tests.libxrpl > xrpl.core
+tests.libxrpl > xrpld.telemetry
 tests.libxrpl > xrpl.json
 tests.libxrpl > xrpl.ledger
 tests.libxrpl > xrpl.net
@@ -197,6 +202,7 @@ tests.libxrpl > xrpl.protocol
 tests.libxrpl > xrpl.protocol_autogen
 tests.libxrpl > xrpl.server
 tests.libxrpl > xrpl.shamap
+tests.libxrpl > xrpl.telemetry
 tests.libxrpl > xrpl.tx
 xrpl.conditions > xrpl.basics
 xrpl.conditions > xrpl.protocol
@@ -231,6 +237,7 @@ xrpl.server > xrpl.shamap
 xrpl.shamap > xrpl.basics
 xrpl.shamap > xrpl.nodestore
 xrpl.shamap > xrpl.protocol
+xrpl.telemetry > xrpl.basics
 xrpl.tx > xrpl.basics
 xrpl.tx > xrpl.core
 xrpl.tx > xrpl.ledger
@@ -249,11 +256,13 @@ xrpld.app > xrpl.rdb
 xrpld.app > xrpl.resource
 xrpld.app > xrpl.server
 xrpld.app > xrpl.shamap
+xrpld.app > xrpl.telemetry
 xrpld.app > xrpl.tx
 xrpld.consensus > xrpl.basics
 xrpld.consensus > xrpl.json
 xrpld.consensus > xrpl.ledger
 xrpld.consensus > xrpl.protocol
+xrpld.consensus > xrpl.telemetry
 xrpld.core > xrpl.basics
 xrpld.core > xrpl.core
 xrpld.core > xrpl.net
@@ -270,6 +279,7 @@ xrpld.overlay > xrpl.protocol
 xrpld.overlay > xrpl.resource
 xrpld.overlay > xrpl.server
 xrpld.overlay > xrpl.shamap
+xrpld.overlay > xrpl.telemetry
 xrpld.overlay > xrpl.tx
 xrpld.peerfinder > xrpl.basics
 xrpld.peerfinder > xrpld.core
@@ -278,6 +288,7 @@ xrpld.peerfinder > xrpl.rdb
 xrpld.perflog > xrpl.basics
 xrpld.perflog > xrpl.core
 xrpld.perflog > xrpld.rpc
+xrpld.perflog > xrpld.telemetry
 xrpld.perflog > xrpl.json
 xrpld.perflog > xrpl.protocol
 xrpld.rpc > xrpl.basics
@@ -297,3 +308,12 @@ xrpld.shamap > xrpl.basics
 xrpld.shamap > xrpld.core
 xrpld.shamap > xrpl.protocol
 xrpld.shamap > xrpl.shamap
+xrpld.telemetry > xrpl.basics
+xrpld.telemetry > xrpl.core
+xrpld.telemetry > xrpld.core
+xrpld.telemetry > xrpl.json
+xrpld.telemetry > xrpl.nodestore
+xrpld.telemetry > xrpl.protocol
+xrpld.telemetry > xrpl.rdb
+xrpld.telemetry > xrpl.server
+xrpld.telemetry > xrpl.telemetry

.github/scripts/rename/README.md

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 ## Renaming ripple(d) to xrpl(d)
 
 In the initial phases of development of the XRPL, the open source codebase was
-called "rippled" and it remains with that name even today. Today, over 1000
+called "xrpld" and it remains with that name even today. Today, over 1000
 nodes run the application, and code contributions have been submitted by
 developers located around the world. The XRPL community is larger than ever.
 In light of the decentralized and diversified nature of XRPL, we will rename any
-references to `ripple` and `rippled` to `xrpl` and `xrpld`, when appropriate.
+references to `ripple` and `xrpld` to `xrpl` and `xrpld`, when appropriate.
 
 See [here](https://xls.xrpl.org/xls/XLS-0095-rename-rippled-to-xrpld.html) for
 more information.
@@ -22,17 +22,17 @@ run from the repository root.
 2. `.github/scripts/rename/copyright.sh`: This script will remove superfluous
    copyright notices.
 3. `.github/scripts/rename/cmake.sh`: This script will rename all CMake files
-   from `RippleXXX.cmake` or `RippledXXX.cmake` to `XrplXXX.cmake`, and any
-   references to `ripple` and `rippled` (with or without capital letters) to
+   from `RippleXXX.cmake` or `XrpldXXX.cmake` to `XrplXXX.cmake`, and any
+   references to `ripple` and `xrpld` (with or without capital letters) to
    `xrpl` and `xrpld`, respectively. The name of the binary will remain as-is,
    and will only be renamed to `xrpld` by a later script.
 4. `.github/scripts/rename/binary.sh`: This script will rename the binary from
-   `rippled` to `xrpld`, and reverses the symlink so that `rippled` points to
+   `xrpld` to `xrpld`, and reverses the symlink so that `xrpld` points to
    the `xrpld` binary.
 5. `.github/scripts/rename/namespace.sh`: This script will rename the C++
    namespaces from `ripple` to `xrpl`.
 6. `.github/scripts/rename/config.sh`: This script will rename the config from
-   `rippled.cfg` to `xrpld.cfg`, and updating the code accordingly. The old
+   `xrpld.cfg` to `xrpld.cfg`, and updating the code accordingly. The old
    filename will still be accepted.
 7. `.github/scripts/rename/docs.sh`: This script will rename any lingering
    references of `ripple(d)` to `xrpl(d)` in code, comments, and documentation.

.github/workflows/conflicting-pr.yml

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Check if PRs are dirty
-        uses: eps1lon/actions-label-merge-conflict@0273be72a0bbd58fcd71d0d6c02c209b50d1e5e1 # v3.1.0
+        uses: eps1lon/actions-label-merge-conflict@1df065ebe6e3310545d4f4c4e862e43bdca146f0 # v3.0.3
         with:
           dirtyLabel: "PR: has conflicts"
           repoToken: "${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}"

.github/workflows/telemetry-validation.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,305 @@
+# Telemetry Validation CI Workflow
+#
+# Builds rippled with telemetry enabled, runs the multi-node workload
+# harness, validates all telemetry data, and runs performance benchmarks.
+#
+# This is a separate workflow from the main CI. It runs:
+#   - On manual dispatch (workflow_dispatch)
+#   - On pushes to telemetry-related branches
+#
+# The workflow is intentionally heavyweight (builds rippled, starts Docker
+# services, runs a multi-node cluster) — it validates the full telemetry
+# stack end-to-end rather than individual unit tests.
+#
+# Architecture: two jobs to leverage cached dependencies:
+#   1. build-xrpld — runs on a self-hosted runner inside the same container
+#      image the main CI uses (debian-bookworm-gcc-13). This ensures Conan
+#      packages are fetched from the XRPLF remote instead of built from
+#      source, and ccache hits the remote cache.
+#   2. validate-telemetry — runs on ubuntu-latest (which has Docker) to
+#      launch the telemetry stack (OTel collector, Prometheus, Tempo, etc.)
+#      and validate the full pipeline end-to-end.
+
+name: Telemetry Validation
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      rpc_rate:
+        description: "RPC load rate (requests per second)"
+        required: false
+        default: "50"
+      rpc_duration:
+        description: "RPC load duration (seconds)"
+        required: false
+        default: "120"
+      tx_tps:
+        description: "Transaction submit rate (TPS)"
+        required: false
+        default: "5"
+      tx_duration:
+        description: "Transaction submit duration (seconds)"
+        required: false
+        default: "120"
+      run_benchmark:
+        description: "Run performance benchmarks"
+        required: false
+        type: boolean
+        default: false
+
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - "pratik/otel-phase*"
+      - "feature/otel-*"
+      - "feature/telemetry-*"
+    paths:
+      - ".github/workflows/telemetry-validation.yml"
+      - "docker/telemetry/**"
+      - "include/xrpl/basics/Telemetry*.h"
+      - "src/xrpld/app/misc/Telemetry*"
+
+concurrency:
+  group: telemetry-validation-${{ github.ref }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+defaults:
+  run:
+    shell: bash
+
+env:
+  BUILD_DIR: build
+
+jobs:
+  # ── Job 1: Build xrpld in the same container the main CI uses ──────
+  # This ensures Conan binary packages are fetched from the XRPLF remote
+  # (matching package IDs) and ccache hits the remote compilation cache.
+  build-xrpld:
+    name: Build xrpld
+    runs-on: [self-hosted, Linux, X64, heavy]
+    container: ghcr.io/xrplf/ci/debian-bookworm:gcc-13-sha-ab4d1f0
+    timeout-minutes: 60
+    env:
+      CCACHE_NAMESPACE: telemetry-validation
+      CCACHE_REMOTE_ONLY: true
+      CCACHE_REMOTE_STORAGE: http://cache.dev.ripplex.io:8080|layout=bazel
+      CCACHE_SLOPPINESS: include_file_ctime,include_file_mtime
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+
+      - name: Prepare runner
+        uses: XRPLF/actions/prepare-runner@2cbf481018d930656e9276fcc20dc0e3a0be5b6d
+        with:
+          enable_ccache: ${{ github.repository_owner == 'XRPLF' }}
+
+      - name: Print build environment
+        uses: ./.github/actions/print-env
+
+      - name: Get number of processors
+        uses: XRPLF/actions/get-nproc@cf0433aa74563aead044a1e395610c96d65a37cf
+        id: nproc
+        with:
+          subtract: 2
+
+      - name: Setup Conan
+        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-conan
+
+      - name: Build dependencies
+        uses: ./.github/actions/build-deps
+        with:
+          build_nproc: ${{ steps.nproc.outputs.nproc }}
+          build_type: Release
+          log_verbosity: verbose
+
+      - name: Configure CMake
+        working-directory: ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}
+        run: |
+          cmake \
+              -G Ninja \
+              -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE:FILEPATH=build/generators/conan_toolchain.cmake \
+              -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release \
+              ..
+
+      - name: Build xrpld
+        working-directory: ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}
+        env:
+          BUILD_NPROC: ${{ steps.nproc.outputs.nproc }}
+        run: |
+          cmake \
+              --build . \
+              --config Release \
+              --parallel "${BUILD_NPROC}" \
+              --target xrpld
+
+      - name: Show ccache statistics
+        if: ${{ github.repository_owner == 'XRPLF' }}
+        run: ccache --show-stats -vv
+
+      - name: Upload xrpld binary
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@bbbca2ddaa5d8feaa63e36b76fdaad77386f024f # v7.0.0
+        with:
+          name: xrpld-telemetry
+          path: ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}/xrpld
+          retention-days: 1
+          if-no-files-found: error
+
+  # ── Job 2: Run telemetry validation on ubuntu-latest (has Docker) ──
+  validate-telemetry:
+    name: Telemetry Stack Validation
+    needs: build-xrpld
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 30
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+
+      - name: Install Python dependencies
+        run: pip3 install -r docker/telemetry/workload/requirements.txt
+
+      - name: Download xrpld binary
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@95815c38cf2ff2164869cbab79da8d1f422bc89e # v4.2.1
+        with:
+          name: xrpld-telemetry
+          path: ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}
+
+      - name: Make binaries and scripts executable
+        run: |
+          chmod +x ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}/xrpld
+          chmod +x docker/telemetry/workload/*.sh
+
+      - name: Run full telemetry validation
+        id: validation
+        env:
+          RPC_RATE: ${{ github.event.inputs.rpc_rate || '50' }}
+          RPC_DURATION: ${{ github.event.inputs.rpc_duration || '120' }}
+          TX_TPS: ${{ github.event.inputs.tx_tps || '5' }}
+          TX_DURATION: ${{ github.event.inputs.tx_duration || '120' }}
+          RUN_BENCHMARK: ${{ github.event.inputs.run_benchmark }}
+        run: |
+          ARGS="--xrpld ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}/xrpld --skip-loki"
+          ARGS="$ARGS --rpc-rate $RPC_RATE"
+          ARGS="$ARGS --rpc-duration $RPC_DURATION"
+          ARGS="$ARGS --tx-tps $TX_TPS"
+          ARGS="$ARGS --tx-duration $TX_DURATION"
+          if [ "$RUN_BENCHMARK" = "true" ]; then
+              ARGS="$ARGS --with-benchmark"
+          fi
+          docker/telemetry/workload/run-full-validation.sh $ARGS
+        # continue-on-error allows subsequent steps (artifact upload,
+        # summary printing) to run even if validation fails. The final
+        # "Check validation result" step re-checks steps.validation.outcome
+        # (the pre-continue-on-error result) and fails the job properly.
+        continue-on-error: true
+
+      - name: Upload validation reports
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@bbbca2ddaa5d8feaa63e36b76fdaad77386f024f # v7.0.0
+        with:
+          name: telemetry-validation-reports
+          path: /tmp/xrpld-validation/reports/
+          retention-days: 30
+
+      - name: Upload node logs
+        if: failure()
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@bbbca2ddaa5d8feaa63e36b76fdaad77386f024f # v7.0.0
+        with:
+          name: xrpld-node-logs
+          path: /tmp/xrpld-validation/node*/debug.log
+          retention-days: 7
+
+      - name: Print validation summary
+        if: always()
+        run: |
+          REPORT="/tmp/xrpld-validation/reports/validation-report.json"
+          if [ -f "$REPORT" ]; then
+              echo "## Telemetry Validation Results" >>"$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+              echo "" >>"$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+              TOTAL=$(jq '.summary.total' "$REPORT")
+              PASSED=$(jq '.summary.passed' "$REPORT")
+              FAILED=$(jq '.summary.failed' "$REPORT")
+              echo "| Metric | Value |" >>"$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+              echo "|--------|-------|" >>"$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+              echo "| Total Checks | $TOTAL |" >>"$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+              echo "| Passed | $PASSED |" >>"$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+              echo "| Failed | $FAILED |" >>"$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+              echo "" >>"$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+              if [ "$FAILED" -gt 0 ]; then
+                  echo "### Failed Checks" >>"$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+                  echo "" >>"$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+                  jq -r '.checks[] | select(.passed == false) | "- **\(.name)**: \(.message)"' "$REPORT" >>"$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+              fi
+          fi
+
+      # Publishes captured OTel timings + regression report to the Step Summary.
+      # When the committed baseline is a placeholder, emits a fenced JSON block
+      # that can be copy-pasted directly into baselines/baseline-timings.json.
+      # When the baseline is populated, summarises the top regressions so the
+      # PR author sees the failure reason without downloading artifacts.
+      - name: Print regression summary
+        if: always()
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          TIMINGS="/tmp/xrpld-validation/reports/timings.json"
+          REGRESSION="/tmp/xrpld-validation/reports/regression-report.json"
+          BASELINE="docker/telemetry/workload/baselines/baseline-timings.json"
+
+          if [ ! -f "$TIMINGS" ]; then
+              echo "## Regression Gate: no timings captured" >>"$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+              echo "::warning::capture_timings.py did not produce timings.json — regression gate was not evaluated."
+              exit 0
+          fi
+
+          if [ ! -f "$BASELINE" ]; then
+              echo "## Regression Gate: baseline file missing" >>"$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+              echo "::error::baselines/baseline-timings.json not found in checkout"
+              exit 1
+          fi
+
+          IS_PLACEHOLDER=$(jq -e -r '.placeholder == true or (.metrics | length == 0)' "$BASELINE") || {
+              echo "::error::Failed to parse baseline JSON"
+              exit 1
+          }
+
+          echo "## OTel Timings Regression Gate" >>"$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+          echo "" >>"$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+
+          if [ "$IS_PLACEHOLDER" = "true" ]; then
+              echo "### Paste into \`baselines/baseline-timings.json\`" >>"$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+              echo "" >>"$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+              echo "The committed baseline is a placeholder. Open a PR replacing" \
+                  "its contents with the JSON block below to activate the" \
+                  "regression gate." >>"$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+              echo "" >>"$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+              echo '```json' >>"$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+              cat "$TIMINGS" >>"$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+              echo '```' >>"$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+          elif [ -f "$REGRESSION" ]; then
+              REGR_COUNT=$(jq -e '.summary.regressions' "$REGRESSION") || REGR_COUNT=0
+              IMPR_COUNT=$(jq -e '.summary.improvements' "$REGRESSION") || IMPR_COUNT=0
+              TOTAL=$(jq -e '.summary.total' "$REGRESSION") || TOTAL=0
+              echo "| Stat | Count |" >>"$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+              echo "|------|-------|" >>"$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+              echo "| Metrics compared | $TOTAL |" >>"$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+              echo "| Regressions | $REGR_COUNT |" >>"$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+              echo "| Improvements | $IMPR_COUNT |" >>"$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+              echo "" >>"$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+              if [ "$REGR_COUNT" -gt 0 ]; then
+                  echo "### Regressions" >>"$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+                  echo "" >>"$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+                  echo "| Metric | Baseline | Current | Δ | % | Unit |" >>"$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+                  echo "|--------|---------:|--------:|--:|--:|------|" >>"$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+                  jq -r '.metrics[] | select(.regressed) | "| \(.key) | \(.baseline) | \(.current) | \(.delta) | \(.pct_change)% | \(.unit) |"' \
+                      "$REGRESSION" >>"$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+              fi
+          fi
+
+      - name: Cleanup
+        if: always()
+        run: |
+          docker/telemetry/workload/run-full-validation.sh --cleanup 2>/dev/null || true
+
+      - name: Check validation result
+        if: steps.validation.outcome == 'failure'
+        run: |
+          echo "Telemetry validation failed. Check the uploaded reports for details."
+          exit 1

.gitignore

@@ -86,3 +86,5 @@ __pycache__
 
 # clangd cache
 /.cache
+docker/telemetry/workload/__pycache__/
+.claude/

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -117,6 +117,18 @@ if(rocksdb)
     target_link_libraries(xrpl_libs INTERFACE RocksDB::rocksdb)
 endif()
 
+# OpenTelemetry distributed tracing (optional).
+# When ON, links against opentelemetry-cpp and defines XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY
+# so that SpanGuard factory methods produce real OTel spans.
+# When OFF (default), all tracing code compiles to no-ops with zero overhead.
+# Enable via: conan install -o telemetry=True, or cmake -Dtelemetry=ON.
+option(telemetry "Enable OpenTelemetry tracing" ON)
+if(telemetry)
+    find_package(opentelemetry-cpp CONFIG REQUIRED)
+    add_compile_definitions(XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY)
+    message(STATUS "OpenTelemetry tracing enabled")
+endif()
+
 # Work around changes to Conan recipe for now.
 if(TARGET nudb::core)
     set(nudb nudb::core)

OpenTelemetryPlan/00-tracing-fundamentals.md

@@ -0,0 +1,567 @@
+# Distributed Tracing Fundamentals
+
+> **Parent Document**: [OpenTelemetryPlan.md](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)
+> **Next**: [Architecture Analysis](./01-architecture-analysis.md)
+
+---
+
+## What is Distributed Tracing?
+
+Distributed tracing is a method for tracking data objects as they flow through distributed systems. In a network like XRP Ledger, a single transaction touches multiple independent nodes—each with no shared memory or logging. Distributed tracing connects these dots.
+
+**Without tracing:** You see isolated logs on each node with no way to correlate them.
+
+**With tracing:** You see the complete journey of a transaction or an event across all nodes it touched.
+
+---
+
+## Actors and Actions at a Glance
+
+### Actors
+
+| Who (Plain English)                            | Technical Term  |
+| ---------------------------------------------- | --------------- |
+| A single unit of work being tracked            | Span            |
+| The complete journey of a request              | Trace           |
+| Data that links spans across services          | Trace Context   |
+| Code that creates spans and propagates context | Instrumentation |
+| Service that receives and processes traces     | Collector       |
+| Storage and visualization system               | Backend (Tempo) |
+| Decision logic for which traces to keep        | Sampler         |
+
+### Actions
+
+| What Happens (Plain English)            | Technical Term          |
+| --------------------------------------- | ----------------------- |
+| Start tracking a new operation          | Create a Span           |
+| Connect a child operation to its parent | Set `parent_span_id`    |
+| Group all related operations together   | Share a `trace_id`      |
+| Pass tracking data between services     | Context Propagation     |
+| Decide whether to record a trace        | Sampling (Head or Tail) |
+| Send completed traces to storage        | Export (OTLP)           |
+
+---
+
+## Core Concepts
+
+### 1. Trace
+
+A **trace** represents the entire journey of a request through the system. It has a unique `trace_id` that stays constant across all nodes.
+
+```
+Trace ID: abc123
+├── Node A: received transaction
+├── Node B: relayed transaction
+├── Node C: included in consensus
+└── Node D: applied to ledger
+```
+
+### 2. Span
+
+A **span** represents a single unit of work within a trace. Each span has:
+
+| Attribute        | Description                      | Example                    |
+| ---------------- | -------------------------------- | -------------------------- |
+| `trace_id`       | Identifies the trace             | `event123`                 |
+| `span_id`        | Unique identifier                | `span456`                  |
+| `parent_span_id` | Parent span (if any)             | `p_span123`                |
+| `name`           | Operation name                   | `rpc.submit`               |
+| `start_time`     | When work began (local time)     | `2024-01-15T10:30:00Z`     |
+| `end_time`       | When work completed (local time) | `2024-01-15T10:30:00.050Z` |
+| `attributes`     | Key-value metadata               | `tx.hash=ABC...`           |
+| `status`         | OK, ERROR MSG                    | `OK`                       |
+
+### 3. Trace Context
+
+**Trace context** is the data that propagates between services to link spans together. It contains:
+
+- `trace_id` - The trace this span belongs to
+- `span_id` - The current span (becomes parent for child spans)
+- `trace_flags` - Sampling decisions
+
+---
+
+## How Spans Form a Trace
+
+Spans have parent-child relationships forming a tree structure:
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph trace["Trace: abc123"]
+        A["tx.submit<br/>span_id: 001<br/>50ms"] --> B["tx.validate<br/>span_id: 002<br/>5ms"]
+        A --> C["tx.relay<br/>span_id: 003<br/>10ms"]
+        A --> D["tx.apply<br/>span_id: 004<br/>30ms"]
+        D --> E["ledger.update<br/>span_id: 005<br/>20ms"]
+    end
+
+    style A fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#ffffff
+    style B fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#ffffff
+    style C fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#ffffff
+    style D fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#ffffff
+    style E fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#ffffff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **tx.submit (blue, root)**: The top-level span representing the entire transaction submission; all other spans are its descendants.
+- **tx.validate, tx.relay, tx.apply (green)**: Direct children of tx.submit, representing the three main stages -- validation, relay to peers, and application to the ledger.
+- **ledger.update (red)**: A grandchild span nested under tx.apply, representing the actual ledger state mutation triggered by applying the transaction.
+- **Arrows (parent to child)**: Each arrow indicates a parent-child span relationship where the parent's completion depends on the child finishing.
+
+The same trace visualized as a **timeline (Gantt chart)**:
+
+```
+Time →   0ms    10ms    20ms    30ms    40ms    50ms
+         ├───────────────────────────────────────────┤
+tx.submit│▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓│
+         ├─────┤
+tx.valid │▓▓▓▓▓│
+         │     ├──────────┤
+tx.relay │     │▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓│
+         │               ├────────────────────────────┤
+tx.apply │               │▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓│
+         │                         ├──────────────────┤
+ledger   │                         │▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓│
+```
+
+---
+
+## Span Relationships
+
+Spans don't always form simple parent-child trees. Distributed tracing defines several relationship types to capture different causal patterns:
+
+### 1. Parent-Child (ChildOf)
+
+The default relationship. The parent span **depends on** or **contains** the child span. The child runs within the scope of the parent.
+
+```
+tx.submit (parent)
+├── tx.validate (child)     ← parent waits for this
+├── tx.relay (child)        ← parent waits for this
+└── tx.apply (child)        ← parent waits for this
+```
+
+**When to use:** Synchronous calls, nested operations, any case where the parent's completion depends on the child.
+
+### 2. Follows-From
+
+A causal relationship where the first span **triggers** the second, but does **not wait** for it. The originator fires and moves on.
+
+```
+Time →
+
+tx.receive [=======]
+                     ↓ triggers (follows-from)
+              tx.relay   [===========]   ← runs independently
+```
+
+**When to use:** Asynchronous jobs, queued work, fire-and-forget patterns. For example, a node receives a transaction and queues it for relay — the relay span _follows from_ the receive span but the receiver doesn't wait for relaying to complete.
+
+> **OpenTracing** defined `FollowsFrom` as a first-class reference type alongside `ChildOf`.
+> **OpenTelemetry** represents this using **Span Links** with descriptive attributes instead (see below).
+
+### 3. Span Links (Cross-Trace and Non-Hierarchical)
+
+Links connect spans that are **causally related but not in a parent-child hierarchy**. Unlike parent-child, links can cross trace boundaries.
+
+```
+Trace A                          Trace B
+──────                           ──────
+batch.schedule                   batch.execute
+├─ item.enqueue (span X)    ┌──► process.item
+├─ item.enqueue (span Y) ───┤    (links to X, Y, Z)
+├─ item.enqueue (span Z)    └──►
+```
+
+**Use cases:**
+
+| Pattern              | Description                                                                 |
+| -------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Batch processing** | A batch span links back to all individual spans that contributed to it      |
+| **Fan-in**           | An aggregation span links to the multiple producer spans it merges          |
+| **Fan-out**          | Multiple downstream spans link back to the single span that triggered them  |
+| **Async handoff**    | A deferred job links back to the request that queued it (follows-from)      |
+| **Cross-trace**      | Correlating spans across independent traces (e.g., retries, related events) |
+
+**Link structure:** Each link carries the target span's context plus optional attributes:
+
+```
+Link {
+    trace_id:   <target trace>
+    span_id:    <target span>
+    attributes: { "link.description": "triggered by batch scheduler" }
+}
+```
+
+### Relationship Summary
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart LR
+    subgraph parent_child["Parent-Child"]
+        direction TB
+        P["Parent"] --> C["Child"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph follows_from["Follows-From"]
+        direction TB
+        A["Span A"] -.->|triggers| B["Span B"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph links["Span Links"]
+        direction TB
+        X["Span X\n(Trace 1)"] -.-|link| Y["Span Y\n(Trace 2)"]
+    end
+
+    parent_child ~~~ follows_from ~~~ links
+
+    style P fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#ffffff
+    style C fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#ffffff
+    style A fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#ffffff
+    style B fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#ffffff
+    style X fill:#4a148c,stroke:#38006b,color:#ffffff
+    style Y fill:#4a148c,stroke:#38006b,color:#ffffff
+```
+
+| Relationship     | Same Trace? | Dependency?                | OTel Mechanism    |
+| ---------------- | ----------- | -------------------------- | ----------------- |
+| **Parent-Child** | Yes         | Parent depends on child    | `parent_span_id`  |
+| **Follows-From** | Usually     | Causal but no dependency   | Link + attributes |
+| **Span Link**    | Either      | Correlation, no dependency | Link + attributes |
+
+---
+
+## Trace ID Generation
+
+A `trace_id` is a 128-bit (16-byte) identifier that groups all spans belonging to one logical operation. How it's generated determines how easily you can find and correlate traces later.
+
+### General Approaches
+
+#### 1. Random (W3C Default)
+
+Generate a random 128-bit ID when a trace starts. Standard approach for most services.
+
+```
+trace_id = random_128_bits()
+```
+
+| Pros                        | Cons                                          |
+| --------------------------- | --------------------------------------------- |
+| Simple, standard            | No natural correlation to domain events       |
+| Guaranteed unique per trace | If propagation is lost, trace is broken       |
+| Works with all OTel tooling | "Find trace for TX abc" requires index lookup |
+
+#### 2. Deterministic (Derived from Domain Data)
+
+Compute the trace_id from a hash of a natural identifier. Every node independently derives the **same** trace_id for the same event.
+
+```
+trace_id = SHA-256(domain_identifier)[0:16]   // truncate to 128 bits
+```
+
+| Pros                                                | Cons                                                       |
+| --------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------- |
+| Propagation-resilient — same ID computed everywhere | Same event processed twice (retry) shares trace_id         |
+| Natural search — domain ID maps directly to trace   | Non-standard (tooling assumes random)                      |
+| No coordination needed between nodes                | 256→128 bit truncation (collision risk negligible at ~2⁶⁴) |
+
+#### 3. Hybrid (Deterministic Prefix + Random Suffix)
+
+First 8 bytes derived from domain data, last 8 bytes random.
+
+```
+trace_id = SHA-256(domain_identifier)[0:8] || random_64_bits()
+```
+
+| Pros                                        | Cons                                     |
+| ------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------- |
+| Prefix search: "find all traces for TX abc" | Must propagate to maintain full trace_id |
+| Unique per processing instance              | More complex generation logic            |
+| Retries get distinct trace_ids              | Partial correlation only (prefix match)  |
+
+### XRPL Workflow Analysis
+
+XRPL has a unique advantage: its core workflows produce **globally unique 256-bit hashes** that are known on every node. This makes deterministic trace_id generation practical in ways most systems can't achieve.
+
+#### Natural Identifiers by Workflow
+
+| Workflow            | Natural Identifier                | Size       | Known at Start?               | Same on All Nodes?               |
+| ------------------- | --------------------------------- | ---------- | ----------------------------- | -------------------------------- |
+| **Transaction**     | Transaction hash (`tid_`)         | 256-bit    | Yes — computed before signing | Yes — hash of canonical tx data  |
+| **Consensus round** | Previous ledger hash + ledger seq | 256+32 bit | Yes — known when round opens  | Yes — all validators agree       |
+| **Validation**      | Ledger hash being validated       | 256-bit    | Yes — from consensus result   | Yes — same closed ledger         |
+| **Ledger catch-up** | Target ledger hash                | 256-bit    | Yes — we know what to fetch   | Yes — identifies ledger globally |
+
+#### Where These Identifiers Live in Code
+
+```
+Transaction:     STTx::getTransactionID()     → uint256 tid_
+                 TMTransaction::rawTransaction → recompute hash from bytes
+
+Consensus:       ConsensusProposal::prevLedger_ → uint256 (previous ledger hash)
+                 ConsensusProposal::position_   → uint256 (TxSet hash)
+                 LedgerHeader::seq              → uint32_t (ledger sequence)
+
+Validation:      STValidation::getLedgerHash()  → uint256
+                 STValidation::getNodeID()      → NodeID (160-bit)
+
+Ledger fetch:    InboundLedger constructor      → uint256 hash, uint32_t seq
+                 TMGetLedger::ledgerHash        → bytes (uint256)
+```
+
+### Recommended Strategy: Workflow-Scoped Deterministic
+
+Each workflow type derives its trace_id from its natural domain identifier:
+
+```
+Transaction trace:   trace_id = SHA-256("tx"    || tx_hash)[0:16]
+Consensus trace:     trace_id = SHA-256("cons"  || prev_ledger_hash || ledger_seq)[0:16]
+Ledger catch-up:     trace_id = SHA-256("fetch" || target_ledger_hash)[0:16]
+```
+
+The string prefix (`"tx"`, `"cons"`, `"fetch"`) prevents collisions between workflows that might share underlying hashes.
+
+**Why this works for XRPL:**
+
+1. **Propagation-resilient** — Even if a P2P message drops trace context, every node independently computes the same trace_id from the same tx_hash or ledger_hash. Spans still correlate.
+
+2. **Zero-cost search** — "Show me the trace for transaction ABC" becomes a direct lookup: compute `SHA-256("tx" || ABC)[0:16]` and query. No secondary index needed.
+
+3. **Cross-workflow linking via Span Links** — A consensus trace links to individual transaction traces. A validation span links to the consensus trace. This connects the full picture without forcing everything into one giant trace.
+
+### Cross-Workflow Correlation
+
+Each workflow gets its own trace. Span Links tie them together:
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph tx_trace["Transaction Trace"]
+        direction LR
+        Tn["trace_id = f(tx_hash)"]:::note --> T1["tx.receive"] --> T2["tx.validate"] --> T3["tx.relay"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph cons_trace["Consensus Trace"]
+        direction LR
+        Cn["trace_id = f(prev_ledger, seq)"]:::note --> C1["cons.open"] --> C2["cons.propose"] --> C3["cons.accept"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph val_trace["Validation"]
+        direction LR
+        Vn["spans within consensus trace"]:::note --> V1["val.create"] --> V2["val.broadcast"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph fetch_trace["Catch-Up Trace"]
+        direction LR
+        Fn["trace_id = f(ledger_hash)"]:::note --> F1["fetch.request"] --> F2["fetch.receive"] --> F3["fetch.apply"]
+    end
+
+    C1 -.-|"span link\n(tx traces)"| T3
+    C3 --> V1
+    F1 -.-|"span link\n(target ledger)"| C3
+
+    classDef note fill:none,stroke:#888,stroke-dasharray:5 5,color:#333,font-style:italic
+    style T1 fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#ffffff
+    style T2 fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#ffffff
+    style T3 fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#ffffff
+    style C1 fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#ffffff
+    style C2 fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#ffffff
+    style C3 fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#ffffff
+    style V1 fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#ffffff
+    style V2 fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#ffffff
+    style F1 fill:#4a148c,stroke:#38006b,color:#ffffff
+    style F2 fill:#4a148c,stroke:#38006b,color:#ffffff
+    style F3 fill:#4a148c,stroke:#38006b,color:#ffffff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **Transaction Trace (blue)**: An independent trace whose `trace_id` is deterministically derived from the transaction hash. Contains receive, validate, and relay spans.
+- **Consensus Trace (green)**: An independent trace whose `trace_id` is derived from the previous ledger hash and sequence number. Covers the open, propose, and accept phases.
+- **Validation (red)**: Validation spans live within the consensus trace (not a separate trace). They are created after the accept phase completes.
+- **Catch-Up Trace (purple)**: An independent trace for ledger acquisition, derived from the target ledger hash. Used when a node is behind and fetching missing ledgers.
+- **Dotted arrows (span links)**: Cross-trace correlations. Consensus links to transaction traces it included; catch-up links to the consensus trace that produced the target ledger.
+- **Solid arrow (C3 to V1)**: A parent-child relationship -- validation spans are direct children of the consensus accept span within the same trace.
+
+**How a query flows:**
+
+```
+"Why was TX abc slow?"
+  1. Compute trace_id = SHA-256("tx" || abc)[0:16]
+  2. Find transaction trace → see it was included in consensus round N
+  3. Follow span link → consensus trace for round N
+  4. See which phase was slow (propose? accept?)
+  5. If a node was catching up, follow link → catch-up trace
+```
+
+### Trade-offs to Consider
+
+| Concern                       | Mitigation                                                                                                                    |
+| ----------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Retries get same trace_id** | Add `attempt` attribute to root span; spans have unique span_ids and timestamps                                               |
+| **256→128 bit truncation**    | Birthday-bound collision at ~2⁶⁴ operations — negligible for XRPL's throughput                                                |
+| **Non-standard generation**   | OTel spec allows any 16-byte non-zero value; tooling works on the hex string                                                  |
+| **Hash computation cost**     | SHA-256 is ~0.3μs per call; XRPL already computes these hashes for other purposes                                             |
+| **Late-binding identifiers**  | Ledger hash isn't known until after consensus — validation spans use ledger_seq as fallback, then link to the consensus trace |
+
+---
+
+## Distributed Traces Across Nodes
+
+In distributed systems like xrpld, traces span **multiple independent nodes**. The trace context must be propagated in network messages:
+
+```mermaid
+sequenceDiagram
+    participant Client
+    participant NodeA as Node A
+    participant NodeB as Node B
+    participant NodeC as Node C
+
+    Client->>NodeA: Submit TX<br/>(no trace context)
+
+    Note over NodeA: Creates new trace<br/>trace_id: abc123<br/>span: tx.receive
+
+    NodeA->>NodeB: Relay TX<br/>(trace_id: abc123, parent: 001)
+
+    Note over NodeB: Creates child span<br/>span: tx.relay<br/>parent_span_id: 001
+
+    NodeA->>NodeC: Relay TX<br/>(trace_id: abc123, parent: 001)
+
+    Note over NodeC: Creates child span<br/>span: tx.relay<br/>parent_span_id: 001
+
+    Note over NodeA,NodeC: All spans share trace_id: abc123<br/>enabling correlation across nodes
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **Client**: The external entity that submits a transaction. It does not carry trace context -- the trace originates at the first node.
+- **Node A**: The entry point that creates a new trace (trace_id: abc123) and the root span `tx.receive`. It relays the transaction to peers with trace context attached.
+- **Node B and Node C**: Peer nodes that receive the relayed transaction along with the propagated trace context. Each creates a child span under Node A's span, preserving the same `trace_id`.
+- **Arrows with trace context**: The relay messages carry `trace_id` and `parent_span_id`, allowing each downstream node to link its spans back to the originating span on Node A.
+
+---
+
+## Context Propagation
+
+For traces to work across nodes, **trace context must be propagated** in messages.
+
+### What's in the Context (~26 bytes)
+
+| Field         | Size     | Description                                             |
+| ------------- | -------- | ------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `trace_id`    | 16 bytes | Identifies the entire trace (constant across all nodes) |
+| `span_id`     | 8 bytes  | The sender's current span (becomes parent on receiver)  |
+| `trace_flags` | 1 byte   | Sampling decision (bit 0 = sampled; bits 1-7 reserved)  |
+| `trace_state` | variable | Optional vendor-specific data (typically omitted)       |
+
+### How span_id Changes at Each Hop
+
+Only **one** `span_id` travels in the context - the sender's current span. Each node:
+
+1. Extracts the received `span_id` and uses it as the `parent_span_id`
+2. Creates a **new** `span_id` for its own span
+3. Sends its own `span_id` as the parent when forwarding
+
+```
+Node A                      Node B                      Node C
+──────                      ──────                      ──────
+
+Span AAA                    Span BBB                    Span CCC
+   │                           │                           │
+   ▼                           ▼                           ▼
+Context out:                Context out:                Context out:
+├─ trace_id: abc123         ├─ trace_id: abc123         ├─ trace_id: abc123
+├─ span_id: AAA ──────────► ├─ span_id: BBB ──────────► ├─ span_id: CCC ──────►
+└─ flags: 01                └─ flags: 01                └─ flags: 01
+                               │                           │
+                          parent = AAA               parent = BBB
+```
+
+The `trace_id` stays constant, but `span_id` **changes at every hop** to maintain the parent-child chain.
+
+### Propagation Formats
+
+There are two patterns:
+
+### HTTP/RPC Headers (W3C Trace Context)
+
+```
+traceparent: 00-4bf92f3577b34da6a3ce929d0e0e4736-00f067aa0ba902b7-01
+             │  │                                │                │
+             │  │                                │                └── Flags (sampled)
+             │  │                                └── Parent span ID (16 hex)
+             │  └── Trace ID (32 hex)
+             └── Version
+```
+
+### Protocol Buffers (xrpld P2P messages)
+
+```protobuf
+message TMTransaction {
+    bytes rawTransaction = 1;
+    // ... existing fields ...
+
+    // Trace context extension
+    bytes trace_parent = 100;  // W3C traceparent
+    bytes trace_state = 101;   // W3C tracestate
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+## Sampling
+
+Not every trace needs to be recorded. **Sampling** reduces overhead:
+
+### Head Sampling (at trace start)
+
+```
+Request arrives → Random 10% chance → Record or skip entire trace
+```
+
+- ✅ Low overhead
+- ❌ May miss interesting traces
+
+### Tail Sampling (after trace completes)
+
+```
+Trace completes → Collector evaluates:
+                  - Error? → KEEP
+                  - Slow? → KEEP
+                  - Normal? → Sample 10%
+```
+
+- ✅ Never loses important traces
+- ❌ Higher memory usage at collector
+
+---
+
+## Key Benefits for xrpld
+
+| Challenge                          | How Tracing Helps                        |
+| ---------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------- |
+| "Where is my transaction?"         | Follow trace across all nodes it touched |
+| "Why was consensus slow?"          | See timing breakdown of each phase       |
+| "Which node is the bottleneck?"    | Compare span durations across nodes      |
+| "What happened during the outage?" | Correlate errors across the network      |
+
+---
+
+## Glossary
+
+| Term                 | Definition                                                          |
+| -------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Trace**            | Complete journey of a request, identified by `trace_id`             |
+| **Span**             | Single operation within a trace                                     |
+| **Parent-Child**     | Span relationship where the parent depends on the child             |
+| **Follows-From**     | Causal relationship where originator doesn't wait for the result    |
+| **Span Link**        | Non-hierarchical connection between spans, possibly across traces   |
+| **Deterministic ID** | Trace ID derived from domain data (e.g., tx_hash) instead of random |
+| **Context**          | Data propagated between services (`trace_id`, `span_id`, flags)     |
+| **Instrumentation**  | Code that creates spans and propagates context                      |
+| **Collector**        | Service that receives, processes, and exports traces                |
+| **Backend**          | Storage/visualization system (Tempo)                                |
+| **Head Sampling**    | Sampling decision at trace start                                    |
+| **Tail Sampling**    | Sampling decision after trace completes                             |
+
+---
+
+_Next: [Architecture Analysis](./01-architecture-analysis.md)_ | _Back to: [Overview](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)_

OpenTelemetryPlan/01-architecture-analysis.md

@@ -0,0 +1,467 @@
+# Architecture Analysis
+
+> **Parent Document**: [OpenTelemetryPlan.md](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)
+> **Related**: [Design Decisions](./02-design-decisions.md) | [Implementation Strategy](./03-implementation-strategy.md)
+
+---
+
+## 1.1 Current xrpld Architecture Overview
+
+> **WS** = WebSocket | **UNL** = Unique Node List | **TxQ** = Transaction Queue | **StatsD** = Statistics Daemon
+
+The xrpld node software consists of several interconnected components that need instrumentation for distributed tracing:
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph xrpld["xrpld Node"]
+        subgraph services["Core Services"]
+            RPC["RPC Server<br/>(HTTP/WS/gRPC)"]
+            Overlay["Overlay<br/>(P2P Network)"]
+            Consensus["Consensus<br/>(RCLConsensus)"]
+            ValidatorList["ValidatorList<br/>(UNL Mgmt)"]
+        end
+
+        JobQueue["JobQueue<br/>(Thread Pool)"]
+
+        subgraph processing["Processing Layer"]
+            NetworkOPs["NetworkOPs<br/>(Tx Processing)"]
+            LedgerMaster["LedgerMaster<br/>(Ledger Mgmt)"]
+            NodeStore["NodeStore<br/>(Database)"]
+            InboundLedgers["InboundLedgers<br/>(Ledger Sync)"]
+        end
+
+        subgraph appservices["Application Services"]
+            PathFind["PathFinding<br/>(Payment Paths)"]
+            TxQ["TxQ<br/>(Fee Escalation)"]
+            LoadMgr["LoadManager<br/>(Fee/Load)"]
+        end
+
+        subgraph observability["Existing Observability"]
+            PerfLog["PerfLog<br/>(JSON)"]
+            Insight["Insight<br/>(StatsD)"]
+            Logging["Logging<br/>(Journal)"]
+        end
+
+        services --> JobQueue
+        JobQueue --> processing
+        JobQueue --> appservices
+    end
+
+    style xrpld fill:#424242,stroke:#212121,color:#ffffff
+    style services fill:#1565c0,stroke:#0d47a1,color:#ffffff
+    style processing fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#ffffff
+    style appservices fill:#6a1b9a,stroke:#4a148c,color:#ffffff
+    style observability fill:#e65100,stroke:#bf360c,color:#ffffff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **Core Services (blue)**: The entry points into xrpld -- RPC Server handles client requests, Overlay manages peer-to-peer networking, Consensus drives agreement, and ValidatorList manages trusted validators.
+- **JobQueue (center)**: The asynchronous thread pool that decouples Core Services from the Processing and Application layers. All work flows through it.
+- **Processing Layer (green)**: Core business logic -- NetworkOPs processes transactions, LedgerMaster manages ledger state, NodeStore handles persistence, and InboundLedgers synchronizes missing data.
+- **Application Services (purple)**: Higher-level features -- PathFinding computes payment routes, TxQ manages fee-based queuing, and LoadManager tracks server load.
+- **Existing Observability (orange)**: The current monitoring stack (PerfLog, Insight, Journal logging) that OpenTelemetry will complement, not replace.
+- **Arrows (Services to JobQueue to layers)**: Work originates at Core Services, is enqueued onto the JobQueue, and dispatched to Processing or Application layers for execution.
+
+---
+
+## 1.1.1 Actors and Actions
+
+### Actors
+
+| Who (Plain English)                       | Technical Term             |
+| ----------------------------------------- | -------------------------- |
+| Network node running XRPL software        | xrpld node                 |
+| External client submitting requests       | RPC Client                 |
+| Network neighbor sharing data             | Peer (PeerImp)             |
+| Request handler for client queries        | RPC Server (ServerHandler) |
+| Command executor for specific RPC methods | RPCHandler                 |
+| Agreement process between nodes           | Consensus (RCLConsensus)   |
+| Transaction processing coordinator        | NetworkOPs                 |
+| Background task scheduler                 | JobQueue                   |
+| Ledger state manager                      | LedgerMaster               |
+| Payment route calculator                  | PathFinding (Pathfinder)   |
+| Transaction waiting room                  | TxQ (Transaction Queue)    |
+| Fee adjustment system                     | LoadManager                |
+| Trusted validator list manager            | ValidatorList              |
+| Protocol upgrade tracker                  | AmendmentTable             |
+| Ledger state hash tree                    | SHAMap                     |
+| Persistent key-value storage              | NodeStore                  |
+
+### Actions
+
+| What Happens (Plain English)                   | Technical Term         |
+| ---------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- |
+| Client sends a request to a node               | `rpc.request`          |
+| Node executes a specific RPC command           | `rpc.command.*`        |
+| Node receives a transaction from a peer        | `tx.receive`           |
+| Node checks if a transaction is valid          | `tx.validate`          |
+| Node forwards a transaction to neighbors       | `tx.relay`             |
+| Nodes agree on which transactions to include   | `consensus.round`      |
+| Consensus progresses through phases            | `consensus.phase.*`    |
+| Node builds a new confirmed ledger             | `ledger.build`         |
+| Node fetches missing ledger data from peers    | `ledger.acquire`       |
+| Node computes payment routes                   | `pathfind.compute`     |
+| Node queues a transaction for later processing | `txq.enqueue`          |
+| Node increases fees due to high load           | `fee.escalate`         |
+| Node fetches the latest trusted validator list | `validator.list.fetch` |
+| Node votes on a protocol amendment             | `amendment.vote`       |
+| Node synchronizes state tree data              | `shamap.sync`          |
+
+---
+
+## 1.2 Key Components for Instrumentation
+
+> **TxQ** = Transaction Queue | **UNL** = Unique Node List
+
+| Component          | Location                                   | Purpose                  | Trace Value                      |
+| ------------------ | ------------------------------------------ | ------------------------ | -------------------------------- |
+| **Overlay**        | `src/xrpld/overlay/`                       | P2P communication        | Message propagation timing       |
+| **PeerImp**        | `src/xrpld/overlay/detail/PeerImp.cpp`     | Individual peer handling | Per-peer latency                 |
+| **RCLConsensus**   | `src/xrpld/app/consensus/RCLConsensus.cpp` | Consensus algorithm      | Round timing, phase analysis     |
+| **NetworkOPs**     | `src/xrpld/app/misc/NetworkOPs.cpp`        | Transaction processing   | Tx lifecycle tracking            |
+| **ServerHandler**  | `src/xrpld/rpc/detail/ServerHandler.cpp`   | RPC entry point          | Request latency                  |
+| **RPCHandler**     | `src/xrpld/rpc/detail/RPCHandler.cpp`      | Command execution        | Per-command timing               |
+| **JobQueue**       | `src/xrpl/core/JobQueue.h`                 | Async task execution     | Queue wait times                 |
+| **PathFinding**    | `src/xrpld/app/paths/`                     | Payment path computation | Path latency, cache hits         |
+| **TxQ**            | `src/xrpld/app/misc/TxQ.cpp`               | Transaction queue/fees   | Queue depth, eviction rates      |
+| **LoadManager**    | `src/xrpld/app/main/LoadManager.cpp`       | Fee escalation/load      | Fee levels, load factors         |
+| **InboundLedgers** | `src/xrpld/app/ledger/InboundLedgers.cpp`  | Ledger acquisition       | Sync time, peer reliability      |
+| **ValidatorList**  | `src/xrpld/app/misc/ValidatorList.cpp`     | UNL management           | List freshness, fetch failures   |
+| **AmendmentTable** | `src/xrpld/app/misc/AmendmentTable.cpp`    | Protocol amendments      | Voting status, activation events |
+| **SHAMap**         | `src/xrpld/shamap/`                        | State hash tree          | Sync speed, missing nodes        |
+
+---
+
+## 1.3 Transaction Flow Diagram
+
+Transaction flow spans multiple nodes in the network. Each node creates linked spans to form a distributed trace:
+
+```mermaid
+sequenceDiagram
+    participant Client
+    participant PeerA as Peer A (Receive)
+    participant PeerB as Peer B (Relay)
+    participant PeerC as Peer C (Validate)
+
+    Client->>PeerA: 1. Submit TX
+
+    rect rgb(230, 245, 255)
+        Note over PeerA: tx.receive SPAN START
+        PeerA->>PeerA: HashRouter Deduplication
+        PeerA->>PeerA: tx.validate (child span)
+    end
+
+    PeerA->>PeerB: 2. Relay TX (with trace ctx)
+
+    rect rgb(230, 245, 255)
+        Note over PeerB: tx.receive (linked span)
+    end
+
+    PeerB->>PeerC: 3. Relay TX
+
+    rect rgb(230, 245, 255)
+        Note over PeerC: tx.receive (linked span)
+        PeerC->>PeerC: tx.process
+    end
+
+    Note over Client,PeerC: DISTRIBUTED TRACE (same trace_id: abc123)
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **Client**: The external entity that submits a transaction to Peer A. It has no trace context -- the trace starts at the first node.
+- **Peer A (Receive)**: The entry node that creates the root span `tx.receive`, runs HashRouter deduplication to avoid processing duplicates, and creates a child `tx.validate` span.
+- **Peer A to Peer B arrow**: The relay message carries trace context (trace_id + parent span_id), enabling Peer B to create a linked span under the same trace.
+- **Peer B (Relay)**: Receives the transaction and trace context, creates a `tx.receive` span linked to Peer A's trace, then relays onward.
+- **Peer C (Validate)**: Final hop in this example. Creates a linked `tx.receive` span and runs `tx.process` to fully process the transaction.
+- **Blue rectangles**: Highlight the span boundaries on each node, showing where instrumentation creates and closes spans.
+
+### Trace Structure
+
+```
+trace_id: abc123
+├── span: tx.receive (Peer A)
+│   ├── span: tx.validate
+│   └── span: tx.relay
+├── span: tx.receive (Peer B) [parent: Peer A]
+│   └── span: tx.relay
+└── span: tx.receive (Peer C) [parent: Peer B]
+    └── span: tx.process
+```
+
+---
+
+## 1.4 Consensus Round Flow
+
+Consensus rounds are multi-phase operations that benefit significantly from tracing:
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph round["consensus.round (root span)"]
+        attrs["Attributes:<br/>xrpl.consensus.ledger.seq = 12345678<br/>xrpl.consensus.mode = proposing<br/>xrpl.consensus.proposers = 35"]
+
+        subgraph open["consensus.phase.open"]
+            open_desc["Duration: ~3s<br/>Waiting for transactions"]
+        end
+
+        subgraph establish["consensus.phase.establish"]
+            est_attrs["proposals_received = 28<br/>disputes_resolved = 3"]
+            est_children["├── consensus.proposal.receive (×28)<br/>├── consensus.proposal.send (×1)<br/>└── consensus.dispute.resolve (×3)"]
+        end
+
+        subgraph accept["consensus.phase.accept"]
+            acc_attrs["transactions_applied = 150<br/>ledger.hash = DEF456..."]
+            acc_children["├── ledger.build<br/>└── ledger.validate"]
+        end
+
+        attrs --> open
+        open --> establish
+        establish --> accept
+    end
+
+    style round fill:#f57f17,stroke:#e65100,color:#ffffff
+    style open fill:#1565c0,stroke:#0d47a1,color:#ffffff
+    style establish fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#ffffff
+    style accept fill:#c2185b,stroke:#880e4f,color:#ffffff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **consensus.round (orange, root span)**: The top-level span encompassing the entire consensus round, with attributes like ledger sequence, mode, and proposer count.
+- **consensus.phase.open (blue)**: The first phase where the node waits (~3s) to collect incoming transactions before proposing.
+- **consensus.phase.establish (green)**: The negotiation phase where validators exchange proposals, resolve disputes, and converge on a transaction set. Child spans track each proposal received/sent and each dispute resolved.
+- **consensus.phase.accept (pink)**: The final phase where the agreed transaction set is applied, a new ledger is built, and the ledger is validated. Child spans cover `ledger.build` and `ledger.validate`.
+- **Arrows (open to establish to accept)**: The sequential flow through the three consensus phases. Each phase must complete before the next begins.
+
+---
+
+## 1.5 RPC Request Flow
+
+> **WS** = WebSocket
+
+RPC requests support W3C Trace Context headers for distributed tracing across services:
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph request["rpc.request (root span)"]
+        http["HTTP Request — POST /<br/>traceparent:<br/>00-abc123...-def456...-01"]
+
+        attrs["Attributes:<br/>http.method = POST<br/>net.peer.ip = 192.168.1.100<br/>command = submit"]
+
+        subgraph enqueue["jobqueue.enqueue"]
+            job_attr["xrpl.job.type = jtCLIENT_RPC"]
+        end
+
+        subgraph command["rpc.command.submit"]
+            cmd_attrs["version = 2<br/>rpc_role = user"]
+            cmd_children["├── tx.deserialize<br/>├── tx.validate_local<br/>└── tx.submit_to_network"]
+        end
+
+        response["Response: 200 OK<br/>Duration: 45ms"]
+
+        http --> attrs
+        attrs --> enqueue
+        enqueue --> command
+        command --> response
+    end
+
+    style request fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#ffffff
+    style enqueue fill:#1565c0,stroke:#0d47a1,color:#ffffff
+    style command fill:#e65100,stroke:#bf360c,color:#ffffff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **rpc.request (green, root span)**: The outermost span representing the full RPC request lifecycle, from HTTP receipt to response. Carries the W3C `traceparent` header for distributed tracing.
+- **HTTP Request node**: Shows the incoming POST request with its `traceparent` header and extracted attributes (method, peer IP, command name).
+- **jobqueue.enqueue (blue)**: The span covering the asynchronous handoff from the RPC thread to the JobQueue worker thread. The trace context is preserved across this async boundary.
+- **rpc.command.submit (orange)**: The span for the actual command execution, with child spans for deserialization, local validation, and network submission.
+- **Response node**: The final output with HTTP status and total duration, marking the end of the root span.
+- **Arrows (top to bottom)**: The sequential processing pipeline -- receive request, extract attributes, enqueue job, execute command, return response.
+
+---
+
+## 1.6 Key Trace Points
+
+> **TxQ** = Transaction Queue
+
+The following table identifies priority instrumentation points across the codebase:
+
+| Category        | Span Name              | File                   | Method                  | Priority |
+| --------------- | ---------------------- | ---------------------- | ----------------------- | -------- |
+| **Transaction** | `tx.receive`           | `PeerImp.cpp`          | `handleTransaction()`   | High     |
+| **Transaction** | `tx.validate`          | `NetworkOPs.cpp`       | `processTransaction()`  | High     |
+| **Transaction** | `tx.process`           | `NetworkOPs.cpp`       | `doTransactionSync()`   | High     |
+| **Transaction** | `tx.relay`             | `OverlayImpl.cpp`      | `relay()`               | Medium   |
+| **Consensus**   | `consensus.round`      | `RCLConsensus.cpp`     | `startRound()`          | High     |
+| **Consensus**   | `consensus.phase.*`    | `Consensus.h`          | `timerEntry()`          | High     |
+| **Consensus**   | `consensus.proposal.*` | `RCLConsensus.cpp`     | `peerProposal()`        | Medium   |
+| **RPC**         | `rpc.request`          | `ServerHandler.cpp`    | `onRequest()`           | High     |
+| **RPC**         | `rpc.command.*`        | `RPCHandler.cpp`       | `doCommand()`           | High     |
+| **Peer**        | `peer.connect`         | `OverlayImpl.cpp`      | `onHandoff()`           | Low      |
+| **Peer**        | `peer.message.*`       | `PeerImp.cpp`          | `onMessage()`           | Low      |
+| **Ledger**      | `ledger.acquire`       | `InboundLedgers.cpp`   | `acquire()`             | Medium   |
+| **Ledger**      | `ledger.build`         | `RCLConsensus.cpp`     | `buildLCL()`            | High     |
+| **PathFinding** | `pathfind.request`     | `PathRequest.cpp`      | `doUpdate()`            | High     |
+| **PathFinding** | `pathfind.compute`     | `Pathfinder.cpp`       | `findPaths()`           | High     |
+| **TxQ**         | `txq.enqueue`          | `TxQ.cpp`              | `apply()`               | High     |
+| **TxQ**         | `txq.apply`            | `TxQ.cpp`              | `processClosedLedger()` | High     |
+| **Fee**         | `fee.escalate`         | `LoadManager.cpp`      | `raiseLocalFee()`       | Medium   |
+| **Ledger**      | `ledger.replay`        | `LedgerReplayer.h`     | `replay()`              | Medium   |
+| **Ledger**      | `ledger.delta`         | `LedgerDeltaAcquire.h` | `processData()`         | Medium   |
+| **Validator**   | `validator.list.fetch` | `ValidatorList.cpp`    | `verify()`              | Medium   |
+| **Validator**   | `validator.manifest`   | `Manifest.cpp`         | `applyManifest()`       | Low      |
+| **Amendment**   | `amendment.vote`       | `AmendmentTable.cpp`   | `doVoting()`            | Low      |
+| **SHAMap**      | `shamap.sync`          | `SHAMap.cpp`           | `fetchRoot()`           | Medium   |
+
+---
+
+## 1.7 Instrumentation Priority
+
+> **TxQ** = Transaction Queue
+
+```mermaid
+quadrantChart
+    title Instrumentation Priority Matrix
+    x-axis Low Complexity --> High Complexity
+    y-axis Low Value --> High Value
+    quadrant-1 Implement First
+    quadrant-2 Plan Carefully
+    quadrant-3 Quick Wins
+    quadrant-4 Consider Later
+
+    RPC Tracing: [0.2, 0.92]
+    Transaction Tracing: [0.55, 0.88]
+    Consensus Tracing: [0.78, 0.82]
+    PathFinding: [0.38, 0.75]
+    TxQ and Fees: [0.25, 0.65]
+    Ledger Sync: [0.62, 0.58]
+    Peer Message Tracing: [0.35, 0.25]
+    JobQueue Tracing: [0.2, 0.48]
+    Validator Mgmt: [0.48, 0.42]
+    Amendment Tracking: [0.15, 0.32]
+    SHAMap Operations: [0.72, 0.45]
+```
+
+---
+
+## 1.8 Observable Outcomes
+
+> **TxQ** = Transaction Queue | **UNL** = Unique Node List
+
+After implementing OpenTelemetry, operators and developers will gain visibility into the following:
+
+### 1.8.1 What You Will See: Traces
+
+| Trace Type                 | Description                                                                                 | Example Query in Grafana/Tempo                       |
+| -------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Transaction Lifecycle**  | Full journey from RPC submission through validation, relay, consensus, and ledger inclusion | `{service.name="xrpld" && xrpl.tx.hash="ABC123..."}` |
+| **Cross-Node Propagation** | Transaction path across multiple xrpld nodes with timing                                    | `{xrpl.tx.relay_count > 0}`                          |
+| **Consensus Rounds**       | Complete round with all phases (open, establish, accept)                                    | `{span.name=~"consensus.round.*"}`                   |
+| **RPC Request Processing** | Individual command execution with timing breakdown                                          | `{command="account_info"}`                           |
+| **Ledger Acquisition**     | Peer-to-peer ledger data requests and responses                                             | `{span.name="ledger.acquire"}`                       |
+| **PathFinding Latency**    | Path computation time and cache effectiveness for payment RPCs                              | `{span.name="pathfind.compute"}`                     |
+| **TxQ Behavior**           | Queue depth, eviction patterns, fee escalation during congestion                            | `{span.name=~"txq.*"}`                               |
+| **Ledger Sync**            | Full acquisition timeline including delta and transaction fetches                           | `{span.name=~"ledger.acquire.*"}`                    |
+| **Validator Health**       | UNL fetch success, manifest updates, stale list detection                                   | `{span.name=~"validator.*"}`                         |
+
+### 1.8.2 What You Will See: Metrics (Derived from Traces)
+
+| Metric                        | Description                             | Dashboard Panel             |
+| ----------------------------- | --------------------------------------- | --------------------------- |
+| **RPC Latency (p50/p95/p99)** | Response time distribution per command  | Heatmap by command          |
+| **Transaction Throughput**    | Transactions processed per second       | Time series graph           |
+| **Consensus Round Duration**  | Time to complete consensus phases       | Histogram                   |
+| **Cross-Node Latency**        | Time for transaction to reach N nodes   | Line chart with percentiles |
+| **Error Rate**                | Failed transactions/RPC calls by type   | Stacked bar chart           |
+| **PathFinding Latency**       | Path computation time per currency pair | Heatmap by currency         |
+| **TxQ Depth**                 | Queued transactions over time           | Time series with thresholds |
+| **Fee Escalation Level**      | Current fee multiplier                  | Gauge with alert thresholds |
+| **Ledger Sync Duration**      | Time to acquire missing ledgers         | Histogram                   |
+
+### 1.8.3 Concrete Dashboard Examples
+
+**Transaction Trace View (Tempo):**
+
+```
+┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│ Trace: abc123... (Transaction Submission)                    Duration: 847ms   │
+├────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
+│ ├── rpc.request [ServerHandler]                              ████░░░░░░  45ms  │
+│ │   └── rpc.command.submit [RPCHandler]                      ████░░░░░░  42ms  │
+│ │       └── tx.receive [NetworkOPs]                          ███░░░░░░░  35ms  │
+│ │           ├── tx.validate [TxQ]                            █░░░░░░░░░   8ms  │
+│ │           └── tx.relay [Overlay]                           ██░░░░░░░░  15ms  │
+│ │               ├── tx.receive [Node-B]                      █████░░░░░  52ms  │
+│ │               │   └── tx.relay [Node-B]                    ██░░░░░░░░  18ms  │
+│ │               └── tx.receive [Node-C]                      ██████░░░░  65ms  │
+│ └── consensus.round [RCLConsensus]                           ████████░░ 720ms  │
+│     ├── consensus.phase.open                                 ██░░░░░░░░ 180ms  │
+│     ├── consensus.phase.establish                            █████░░░░░ 480ms  │
+│     └── consensus.phase.accept                               █░░░░░░░░░  60ms  │
+└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
+```
+
+**RPC Performance Dashboard Panel:**
+
+```
+┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│ RPC Command Latency (Last 1 Hour)                           │
+├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
+│ Command          │ p50    │ p95    │ p99    │ Errors │ Rate │
+│──────────────────┼────────┼────────┼────────┼────────┼──────│
+│ account_info     │  12ms  │  45ms  │  89ms  │  0.1%  │ 150/s│
+│ submit           │  35ms  │ 120ms  │ 250ms  │  2.3%  │  45/s│
+│ ledger           │   8ms  │  25ms  │  55ms  │  0.0%  │  80/s│
+│ tx               │  15ms  │  50ms  │ 100ms  │  0.5%  │  60/s│
+│ server_info      │   5ms  │  12ms  │  20ms  │  0.0%  │ 200/s│
+└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
+```
+
+**Consensus Health Dashboard Panel:**
+
+```mermaid
+---
+config:
+    xyChart:
+        width: 1200
+        height: 400
+        plotReservedSpacePercent: 50
+        chartOrientation: vertical
+    themeVariables:
+        xyChart:
+            plotColorPalette: "#3498db"
+---
+xychart-beta
+    title "Consensus Round Duration (Last 24 Hours)"
+    x-axis "Time of Day (Hours)" [0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24]
+    y-axis "Duration (seconds)" 1 --> 5
+    line [2.1, 2.4, 2.8, 3.2, 3.8, 4.3, 4.5, 5.0, 4.7, 4.0, 3.2, 2.6, 2.0]
+```
+
+### 1.8.4 Operator Actionable Insights
+
+| Scenario                  | What You'll See                                                              | Action                                           |
+| ------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ |
+| **Slow RPC**              | Span showing which phase is slow (parsing, execution, serialization)         | Optimize specific code path                      |
+| **Transaction Stuck**     | Trace stops at validation; error attribute shows reason                      | Fix transaction parameters                       |
+| **Consensus Delay**       | Phase.establish taking too long; proposer attribute shows missing validators | Investigate network connectivity                 |
+| **Memory Spike**          | Large batch of spans correlating with memory increase                        | Tune batch_size or sampling                      |
+| **Network Partition**     | Traces missing cross-node links for specific peer                            | Check peer connectivity                          |
+| **Path Computation Slow** | pathfind.compute span shows high latency; cache miss rate in attributes      | Warm the RippleLineCache, check order book depth |
+| **TxQ Full**              | txq.enqueue spans show evictions; fee.escalate spans increasing              | Monitor fee levels, alert operators              |
+| **Ledger Sync Stalled**   | ledger.acquire spans timing out; peer reliability attributes show issues     | Check peer connectivity, add trusted peers       |
+| **UNL Stale**             | validator.list.fetch spans failing; last_update attribute aging              | Verify validator site URLs, check DNS            |
+
+### 1.8.5 Developer Debugging Workflow
+
+1. **Find Transaction**: Query by `xrpl.tx.hash` to get full trace
+2. **Identify Bottleneck**: Look at span durations to find slowest component
+3. **Check Attributes**: Review `xrpl.tx.validity`, `rpc_status` for errors
+4. **Correlate Logs**: Use `trace_id` to find related PerfLog entries
+5. **Compare Nodes**: Filter by `service.instance.id` to compare behavior across nodes
+
+---
+
+_Next: [Design Decisions](./02-design-decisions.md)_ | _Back to: [Overview](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)_

OpenTelemetryPlan/02-design-decisions.md

@@ -0,0 +1,734 @@
+# Design Decisions
+
+> **Parent Document**: [OpenTelemetryPlan.md](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)
+> **Related**: [Architecture Analysis](./01-architecture-analysis.md) | [Code Samples](./04-code-samples.md)
+
+---
+
+## 2.1 OpenTelemetry Components
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+### 2.1.1 SDK Selection
+
+**Primary Choice**: OpenTelemetry C++ SDK (`opentelemetry-cpp`)
+
+| Component                               | Purpose                | Required                  |
+| --------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------- |
+| `opentelemetry-cpp::api`                | Tracing API headers    | Yes                       |
+| `opentelemetry-cpp::sdk`                | SDK implementation     | Yes                       |
+| `opentelemetry-cpp::ext`                | Extensions (exporters) | Yes                       |
+| `opentelemetry-cpp::otlp_http_exporter` | OTLP/HTTP export       | Yes (shipped in Phase 1b) |
+| `opentelemetry-cpp::otlp_grpc_exporter` | OTLP/gRPC export       | Future (not yet wired up) |
+
+### 2.1.2 Instrumentation Strategy
+
+**Manual Instrumentation** (recommended):
+
+| Approach   | Pros                                                            | Cons                                                    |
+| ---------- | --------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Manual** | Precise control, optimized placement, xrpld-specific attributes | More development effort                                 |
+| **Auto**   | Less code, automatic coverage                                   | Less control, potential overhead, limited customization |
+
+---
+
+## 2.2 Exporter Configuration
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph nodes["xrpld Nodes"]
+        node1["xrpld<br/>Node 1"]
+        node2["xrpld<br/>Node 2"]
+        node3["xrpld<br/>Node 3"]
+    end
+
+    collector["OpenTelemetry<br/>Collector<br/>(sidecar or standalone)"]
+
+    subgraph backends["Observability Backends"]
+        tempo["Tempo"]
+        elastic["Elastic<br/>APM"]
+    end
+
+    node1 -->|"OTLP/HTTP<br/>:4318"| collector
+    node2 -->|"OTLP/HTTP<br/>:4318"| collector
+    node3 -->|"OTLP/HTTP<br/>:4318"| collector
+
+    collector --> tempo
+    collector --> elastic
+
+    style nodes fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#ffffff
+    style backends fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#ffffff
+    style collector fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#ffffff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **xrpld Nodes (blue)**: The source of telemetry data. Each xrpld node exports spans via OTLP/HTTP on port 4318 (the only exporter shipped in Phase 1b).
+- **OpenTelemetry Collector (red)**: The central aggregation point that receives spans from all nodes. Can run as a sidecar (per-node) or standalone (shared). Handles batching, filtering, and routing.
+- **Observability Backends (green)**: The storage and visualization destinations. Tempo is the recommended backend for both development and production, and Elastic APM is an alternative. The Collector routes to one or more backends.
+- **Arrows (nodes to collector to backends)**: The data pipeline -- spans flow from nodes to the Collector over HTTP, then the Collector fans out to the configured backends.
+
+### 2.2.1 OTLP/HTTP (Shipped in Phase 1b)
+
+```cpp
+// Configuration for OTLP over HTTP (the only exporter currently wired up).
+namespace otlp = opentelemetry::exporter::otlp;
+
+otlp::OtlpHttpExporterOptions opts;
+opts.url = "http://localhost:4318/v1/traces";
+opts.content_type = otlp::HttpRequestContentType::kJson;  // or kBinary
+```
+
+### 2.2.2 OTLP/gRPC (Future Work — Planned Upgrade)
+
+OTLP/gRPC is planned as a future upgrade from the HTTP exporter. The gRPC
+transport offers lower per-span overhead and tighter back-pressure semantics
+than HTTP/JSON, making it attractive for production deployments once the HTTP
+path is validated in earlier phases.
+
+Required to land this upgrade:
+
+1. Add `opentelemetry-cpp::otlp_grpc_exporter` to the Conan recipe (the
+   dependency already exists but is not linked in Phase 1b builds).
+2. Extend `TelemetryConfig.cpp` to parse an `exporter` key (`otlp_http`
+   default, `otlp_grpc` opt-in) and a gRPC endpoint override.
+3. In `Telemetry::start()` branch on the parsed exporter type and construct
+   either `OtlpHttpExporterFactory::Create(httpOpts)` or
+   `OtlpGrpcExporterFactory::Create(grpcOpts)` accordingly.
+4. Update the runbook and dashboards to document the alternate port and TLS
+   settings.
+
+Example Phase 1b+ gRPC configuration (when wired up):
+
+```cpp
+// Configuration for OTLP over gRPC (future work).
+namespace otlp = opentelemetry::exporter::otlp;
+
+otlp::OtlpGrpcExporterOptions opts;
+opts.endpoint = "<otel-collector-host>:4317";
+opts.use_ssl_credentials = true;
+opts.ssl_credentials_cacert_path = "/path/to/ca.crt";
+```
+
+Until that work lands, `OtlpGrpcExporterOptions` is **not** used by any code
+path in Phase 1b through Phase 5.
+
+---
+
+## 2.3 Span Naming Conventions
+
+> **TxQ** = Transaction Queue | **UNL** = Unique Node List | **WS** = WebSocket
+
+### 2.3.1 Naming Schema
+
+```
+<component>.<operation>[.<sub-operation>]
+```
+
+**Examples**:
+
+- `tx.receive` - Transaction received from peer
+- `consensus.phase.establish` - Consensus establish phase
+- `rpc.command.server_info` - server_info RPC command
+
+### 2.3.2 Complete Span Catalog
+
+```yaml
+# Transaction Spans
+tx:
+  receive: "Transaction received from network"
+  validate: "Transaction signature/format validation"
+  process: "Full transaction processing"
+  relay: "Transaction relay to peers"
+  apply: "Apply transaction to ledger"
+
+# Consensus Spans
+consensus:
+  round: "Complete consensus round"
+  phase:
+    open: "Open phase - collecting transactions"
+    establish: "Establish phase - reaching agreement"
+    accept: "Accept phase - applying consensus"
+  proposal:
+    receive: "Receive peer proposal"
+    send: "Send our proposal"
+  validation:
+    receive: "Receive peer validation"
+    send: "Send our validation"
+
+# RPC Spans
+rpc:
+  request: "HTTP/WebSocket request handling"
+  command:
+    "*": "Specific RPC command (dynamic)"
+
+# Peer Spans
+peer:
+  connect: "Peer connection establishment"
+  disconnect: "Peer disconnection"
+  message:
+    send: "Send protocol message"
+    receive: "Receive protocol message"
+
+# Ledger Spans
+ledger:
+  acquire: "Ledger acquisition from network"
+  build: "Build new ledger"
+  validate: "Ledger validation"
+  close: "Close ledger"
+  replay: "Ledger replay executed"
+  delta: "Delta-based ledger acquired"
+
+# PathFinding Spans
+pathfind:
+  request: "Path request initiated"
+  compute: "Path computation executed"
+
+# TxQ Spans
+txq:
+  enqueue: "Transaction queued"
+  apply: "Queued transaction applied"
+
+# Fee/Load Spans
+fee:
+  escalate: "Fee escalation triggered"
+
+# Validator Spans
+validator:
+  list:
+    fetch: "UNL list fetched"
+  manifest: "Manifest update processed"
+
+# Amendment Spans
+amendment:
+  vote: "Amendment voting executed"
+
+# SHAMap Spans
+shamap:
+  sync: "State tree synchronization"
+
+# Job Spans
+job:
+  enqueue: "Job added to queue"
+  execute: "Job execution"
+```
+
+---
+
+## 2.4 Attribute Schema
+
+> **TxQ** = Transaction Queue | **UNL** = Unique Node List | **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+### 2.4.1 Resource Attributes (Set Once at Startup)
+
+```cpp
+// Standard OpenTelemetry semantic conventions
+resource::SemanticConventions::SERVICE_NAME        = "xrpld"
+resource::SemanticConventions::SERVICE_VERSION     = BuildInfo::getVersionString()
+resource::SemanticConventions::SERVICE_INSTANCE_ID = <node_public_key_base58>
+
+// Custom xrpld attributes
+"xrpl.network.id"      = <network_id>           // e.g., 0 for mainnet
+"xrpl.network.type"    = "mainnet" | "testnet" | "devnet" | "standalone"
+"xrpl.node.type"       = "validator" | "stock" | "reporting"
+"xrpl.node.cluster"    = <cluster_name>         // If clustered
+```
+
+### 2.4.2 Span Attributes by Category
+
+#### Transaction Attributes
+
+```cpp
+"xrpl.tx.hash"         = string   // Transaction hash (hex)
+"xrpl.tx.type"         = string   // "Payment", "OfferCreate", etc.
+"xrpl.tx.account"      = string   // Source account (redacted in prod)
+"xrpl.tx.sequence"     = int64    // Account sequence number
+"xrpl.tx.fee"          = int64    // Fee in drops
+"xrpl.tx.result"       = string   // "tesSUCCESS", "tecPATH_DRY", etc.
+"xrpl.tx.ledger_index" = int64    // Ledger containing transaction
+```
+
+#### Consensus Attributes
+
+```cpp
+"xrpl.consensus.round"          = int64    // Round number
+"xrpl.consensus.phase"          = string   // "open", "establish", "accept"
+"xrpl.consensus.mode"           = string   // "proposing", "observing", etc.
+"xrpl.consensus.proposers"      = int64    // Number of proposers
+"xrpl.consensus.ledger.prev"    = string   // Previous ledger hash
+"xrpl.consensus.ledger.seq"     = int64    // Ledger sequence
+"xrpl.consensus.tx_count"       = int64    // Transactions in consensus set
+"xrpl.consensus.duration_ms"    = float64  // Round duration
+
+// Phase 4a: Establish-phase gap fill & cross-node correlation
+"xrpl.consensus.round_id"          = int64    // Consensus round number
+"xrpl.consensus.ledger_id"         = string   // previousLedger.id() — shared across nodes
+"xrpl.consensus.trace_strategy"    = string   // "deterministic" or "attribute"
+"xrpl.consensus.converge_percent"  = int64    // Convergence % (0-100+)
+"xrpl.consensus.establish_count"   = int64    // Number of establish iterations
+"xrpl.consensus.disputes_count"    = int64    // Active disputed transactions
+"xrpl.consensus.proposers_agreed"  = int64    // Peers agreeing with our position
+"xrpl.consensus.proposers_total"   = int64    // Total peer positions
+"xrpl.consensus.agree_count"       = int64    // Peers that agree (haveConsensus)
+"xrpl.consensus.disagree_count"    = int64    // Peers that disagree
+"xrpl.consensus.threshold_percent" = int64    // Close-time consensus threshold (avCT_CONSENSUS_PCT = 75%)
+"xrpl.consensus.result"            = string   // "yes", "no", "moved_on", "expired"
+"xrpl.consensus.mode.old"          = string   // Previous consensus mode
+"xrpl.consensus.mode.new"          = string   // New consensus mode
+```
+
+#### RPC Attributes
+
+```cpp
+"command"              = string   // Command name
+"version"              = int64    // API version
+"rpc_role"             = string   // "admin" or "user"
+"xrpl.rpc.params"      = string   // Sanitized parameters (optional, planned)
+```
+
+#### Peer & Message Attributes
+
+```cpp
+"xrpl.peer.id"            = string   // Peer public key (base58)
+"xrpl.peer.address"       = string   // IP:port
+"xrpl.peer.latency_ms"    = float64  // Measured latency
+"xrpl.peer.cluster"       = string   // Cluster name if clustered
+"xrpl.message.type"       = string   // Protocol message type name
+"xrpl.message.size_bytes" = int64    // Message size
+"xrpl.message.compressed" = bool     // Whether compressed
+```
+
+#### Ledger & Job Attributes
+
+```cpp
+"xrpl.ledger.hash"       = string   // Ledger hash
+"xrpl.ledger.index"      = int64    // Ledger sequence/index
+"xrpl.ledger.close_time" = int64    // Close time (epoch)
+"xrpl.ledger.tx_count"   = int64    // Transaction count
+"xrpl.job.type"          = string   // Job type name
+"xrpl.job.queue_ms"      = float64  // Time spent in queue
+"xrpl.job.worker"        = int64    // Worker thread ID
+```
+
+#### PathFinding Attributes
+
+```cpp
+"source_currency"  = string   // Source currency code (planned, not yet implemented)
+"dest_currency"    = string   // Destination currency code (planned, not yet implemented)
+"path_count"       = int64    // Number of paths found (planned, not yet implemented)
+"cache_hit"        = bool     // RippleLineCache hit (planned, not yet implemented)
+```
+
+#### TxQ Attributes
+
+```cpp
+"queue_depth"      = int64    // Current queue depth (planned, not yet implemented)
+"fee_level"        = int64    // Fee level of transaction (planned, not yet implemented)
+"eviction_reason"  = string   // Why transaction was evicted (planned, not yet implemented)
+```
+
+#### Fee Attributes
+
+```cpp
+"xrpl.fee.load_factor"      = int64    // Current load factor
+"xrpl.fee.escalation_level" = int64    // Fee escalation multiplier
+```
+
+#### Validator Attributes
+
+```cpp
+"xrpl.validator.list_size"    = int64    // UNL size
+"xrpl.validator.list_age_sec" = int64    // Seconds since last update
+```
+
+#### Amendment Attributes
+
+```cpp
+"xrpl.amendment.name"         = string   // Amendment name
+"xrpl.amendment.status"       = string   // "enabled", "vetoed", "supported"
+```
+
+#### SHAMap Attributes
+
+```cpp
+"xrpl.shamap.type"            = string   // "transaction", "state", "account_state"
+"xrpl.shamap.missing_nodes"   = int64    // Number of missing nodes during sync
+"xrpl.shamap.duration_ms"     = float64  // Sync duration
+```
+
+### 2.4.3 Data Collection Summary
+
+The following table summarizes what data is collected by category:
+
+| Category        | Attributes Collected                                                                                             | Purpose                      |
+| --------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------- |
+| **Transaction** | `tx.hash`, `tx.type`, `tx.result`, `tx.fee`, `ledger_index`                                                      | Trace transaction lifecycle  |
+| **Consensus**   | `round`, `phase`, `mode`, `proposers` (public keys), `duration_ms`                                               | Analyze consensus timing     |
+| **RPC**         | `command`, `version`, `status`, `duration_ms`                                                                    | Monitor RPC performance      |
+| **Peer**        | `peer.id` (public key), `latency_ms`, `message.type`, `message.size`                                             | Network topology analysis    |
+| **Ledger**      | `ledger.hash`, `ledger.index`, `close_time`, `tx_count`                                                          | Ledger progression tracking  |
+| **Job**         | `job.type`, `queue_ms`, `worker`                                                                                 | JobQueue performance         |
+| **PathFinding** | `pathfind_fast`, `pathfind_search_level`, `pathfind_num_paths`, `pathfind_ledger_index`, `pathfind_num_requests` | Payment path analysis        |
+| **TxQ**         | `txq.queue_depth`, `fee_level`, `eviction_reason`                                                                | Queue depth and fee tracking |
+| **Fee**         | `fee.load_factor`, `escalation_level`                                                                            | Fee escalation monitoring    |
+| **Validator**   | `validator.list_size`, `list_age_sec`                                                                            | UNL health monitoring        |
+| **Amendment**   | `amendment.name`, `status`                                                                                       | Protocol upgrade tracking    |
+| **SHAMap**      | `shamap.type`, `missing_nodes`, `duration_ms`                                                                    | State tree sync performance  |
+
+### 2.4.4 Privacy & Sensitive Data Policy
+
+> **PII** = Personally Identifiable Information
+
+OpenTelemetry instrumentation is designed to collect **operational metadata only**, never sensitive content.
+
+#### Data NOT Collected
+
+The following data is explicitly **excluded** from telemetry collection:
+
+| Excluded Data           | Reason                                    |
+| ----------------------- | ----------------------------------------- |
+| **Private Keys**        | Never exposed; not relevant to tracing    |
+| **Account Balances**    | Financial data; privacy sensitive         |
+| **Transaction Amounts** | Financial data; privacy sensitive         |
+| **Raw TX Payloads**     | May contain sensitive memo/data fields    |
+| **Personal Data**       | No PII collected                          |
+| **IP Addresses**        | Configurable; excluded by default in prod |
+
+#### Privacy Protection Mechanisms
+
+| Mechanism                     | Description                                                               |
+| ----------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Account Hashing**           | `xrpl.tx.account` is hashed at collector level before storage             |
+| **Configurable Redaction**    | Sensitive fields can be excluded via `[telemetry]` config section         |
+| **Sampling**                  | Only 10% of traces recorded by default, reducing data exposure            |
+| **Local Control**             | Node operators have full control over what gets exported                  |
+| **No Raw Payloads**           | Transaction content is never recorded, only metadata (hash, type, result) |
+| **Collector-Level Filtering** | Additional redaction/hashing can be configured at OTel Collector          |
+
+#### Collector-Level Data Protection
+
+The OpenTelemetry Collector can be configured to hash or redact sensitive attributes before export:
+
+```yaml
+processors:
+  attributes:
+    actions:
+      # Hash account addresses before storage
+      - key: xrpl.tx.account
+        action: hash
+      # Remove IP addresses entirely
+      - key: xrpl.peer.address
+        action: delete
+      # Redact specific fields
+      - key: xrpl.rpc.params
+        action: delete
+```
+
+#### Configuration Options for Privacy
+
+In `xrpld.cfg`, operators can control data collection granularity:
+
+```ini
+[telemetry]
+enabled=1
+
+# Disable collection of specific components
+trace_transactions=1
+trace_consensus=1
+trace_rpc=1
+trace_peer=0          # Disable peer tracing (high volume, includes addresses)
+
+# Redact specific attributes
+redact_account=1      # Hash account addresses before export
+redact_peer_address=1 # Remove peer IP addresses
+```
+
+> **Note**: The `redact_account` configuration in `xrpld.cfg` controls SDK-level redaction before export, while collector-level filtering (see [Collector-Level Data Protection](#collector-level-data-protection) above) provides an additional defense-in-depth layer. Both can operate independently.
+
+> **Key Principle**: Telemetry collects **operational metadata** (timing, counts, hashes) — never **sensitive content** (keys, balances, amounts, raw payloads).
+
+> **See also**: [Securing the OTel Pipeline](./secure-OTel.md) covers transport-level protection for telemetry leaving the node — mTLS to the collector and validation of incoming peer trace context. Privacy controls in this section keep sensitive data out of spans; the security doc keeps the spans themselves out of untrusted hands.
+
+---
+
+## 2.5 Context Propagation Design
+
+> **WS** = WebSocket
+
+### 2.5.0 Deterministic Trace ID Strategy
+
+Both transaction and consensus tracing use **deterministic trace IDs** derived from
+a globally known hash, so all nodes handling the same workflow independently produce
+spans under the same `trace_id`. This is combined with protobuf `span_id` propagation
+for parent-child relay ordering when available.
+
+#### Transactions — `trace_id = txHash[0:16]`
+
+Every node that handles a transaction knows its `txID` (the `uint256` transaction
+hash). The first 16 bytes of this hash are used as the OTel `trace_id`:
+
+```
+uint256 txHash:  A1B2C3D4 E5F6A7B8 C9D0E1F2 A3B4C5D6  E7F8A9B0 C1D2E3F4 A5B6C7D8 E9F0A1B2
+                 |---------- trace_id (16 bytes) ---------|  (remaining 16 bytes unused)
+```
+
+Each node generates a **random 8-byte `span_id`** so its span is unique within the
+shared trace. When protobuf `TraceContext` is present in the incoming `TMTransaction`,
+the sender's `span_id` is extracted and used as the parent — preserving the relay
+chain as a parent-child tree. When absent (older peers, first hop from client), the
+span appears as a root in the same trace — correlation is preserved, only the tree
+structure degrades.
+
+```
+Node A (submitter)        Node B (relay)          Node C (relay)
+trace_id: A1B2...         trace_id: A1B2...       trace_id: A1B2...
+span_id:  1234 (random)   span_id:  5678 (random) span_id:  9ABC (random)
+parent:   (none)          parent:   1234 (proto)   parent:   5678 (proto)
+                               ↑                        ↑
+                       protobuf propagation      protobuf propagation
+```
+
+If protobuf propagation fails at Node B (old peer):
+
+```
+Node A                    Node B (old peer)       Node C
+trace_id: A1B2...         trace_id: A1B2...       trace_id: A1B2...
+span_id:  1234            span_id:  5678          span_id:  9ABC
+parent:   (none)          parent:   (none)        parent:   5678 (proto)
+                          ↑ no parent, but same trace_id — still grouped
+```
+
+#### Consensus — `trace_id = prevLedgerHash[0:16]`
+
+All validators in the same consensus round share the same `previousLedger.id()`.
+The first 16 bytes are used as trace_id. See [Phase 4a implementation status](./06-implementation-phases.md)
+and `createDeterministicContext()` in `RCLConsensus.cpp` for the implementation.
+
+Switchable via `consensus_trace_strategy` config:
+`"deterministic"` (default) or `"attribute"` (random trace_id, correlation via attribute queries).
+
+#### Why Not Random IDs with Propagation Only?
+
+Random trace IDs require **unbroken context propagation** across every hop. In a
+mixed-version network (common during upgrades), older peers silently drop the
+`trace_context` protobuf field. The trace splits and downstream spans become
+impossible to find. Deterministic IDs make correlation **propagation-resilient** — the trace
+backend groups all spans for the same transaction/round regardless of whether
+propagation succeeded.
+
+#### Why Keep Protobuf Propagation?
+
+Deterministic trace IDs alone provide correlation (all spans grouped) but not
+**causality** (which node relayed to which). Protobuf `span_id` propagation adds
+parent-child ordering that shows the exact relay path. The two mechanisms complement
+each other:
+
+| Mechanism                    | Provides                    | Fails when                             |
+| ---------------------------- | --------------------------- | -------------------------------------- |
+| Deterministic trace_id       | Cross-node correlation      | Never (hash is always known)           |
+| Protobuf span_id propagation | Parent-child relay ordering | Older peer drops `trace_context` field |
+
+#### Implementation Reference
+
+The utility function `createDeterministicTxContext(uint256 const& txHash)` follows
+the same pattern as `createDeterministicContext(uint256 const& ledgerId)` in
+`RCLConsensus.cpp`. See [Phase 3 Task 3.9](./Phase3_taskList.md) for the full spec.
+
+### 2.5.1 Propagation Boundaries
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph http["HTTP/WebSocket (RPC)"]
+        w3c["W3C Trace Context Headers:<br/>traceparent:<br/>00-trace_id-span_id-flags<br/>tracestate: xrpld=..."]
+    end
+
+    subgraph protobuf["Protocol Buffers (P2P)"]
+        proto["message TraceContext {<br/>  bytes trace_id = 1;  // 16 bytes<br/>  bytes span_id = 2;   // 8 bytes<br/>  uint32 trace_flags = 3;<br/>  string trace_state = 4;<br/>}"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph jobqueue["JobQueue (Internal Async)"]
+        job["Context captured at job creation,<br/>restored at execution<br/><br/>class Job {<br/>  otel::context::Context<br/>    traceContext_;<br/>};"]
+    end
+
+    style http fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#ffffff
+    style protobuf fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#ffffff
+    style jobqueue fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#ffffff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **HTTP/WebSocket - RPC (blue)**: For client-facing RPC requests, trace context is propagated using the W3C `traceparent` header. This is the standard approach and works with any OTel-compatible client.
+- **Protocol Buffers - P2P (green)**: For peer-to-peer messages between xrpld nodes, trace context is embedded as a protobuf `TraceContext` message carrying trace_id, span_id, flags, and optional trace_state.
+- **JobQueue - Internal Async (red)**: For asynchronous work within a single node, the OTel context is captured when a job is created and restored when the job executes on a worker thread. This bridges the async gap so spans remain linked.
+
+---
+
+## 2.6 Integration with Existing Observability
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol | **WS** = WebSocket
+
+### 2.6.1 Existing Frameworks Comparison
+
+xrpld already has two observability mechanisms. OpenTelemetry complements (not replaces) them:
+
+| Aspect                | PerfLog                       | Beast Insight (StatsD)       | OpenTelemetry             |
+| --------------------- | ----------------------------- | ---------------------------- | ------------------------- |
+| **Type**              | Logging                       | Metrics                      | Distributed Tracing       |
+| **Data**              | JSON log entries              | Counters, gauges, histograms | Spans with context        |
+| **Scope**             | Single node                   | Single node                  | **Cross-node**            |
+| **Output**            | `perf.log` file               | StatsD server                | OTLP Collector            |
+| **Question answered** | "What happened on this node?" | "How many? How fast?"        | "What was the journey?"   |
+| **Correlation**       | By timestamp                  | By metric name               | By `trace_id`             |
+| **Overhead**          | Low (file I/O)                | Low (UDP packets)            | Low-Medium (configurable) |
+
+### 2.6.2 What Each Framework Does Best
+
+#### PerfLog
+
+- **Purpose**: Detailed local event logging for RPC and job execution
+- **Strengths**:
+  - Rich JSON output with timing data
+  - Already integrated in RPC handlers
+  - File-based, no external dependencies
+- **Limitations**:
+  - Single-node only (no cross-node correlation)
+  - No parent-child relationships between events
+  - Manual log parsing required
+
+```json
+// Example PerfLog entry
+{
+  "time": "2024-01-15T10:30:00.123Z",
+  "method": "submit",
+  "duration_us": 1523,
+  "result": "tesSUCCESS"
+}
+```
+
+#### Beast Insight (StatsD)
+
+- **Purpose**: Real-time metrics for monitoring dashboards
+- **Strengths**:
+  - Aggregated metrics (counters, gauges, histograms)
+  - Low overhead (UDP, fire-and-forget)
+  - Good for alerting thresholds
+- **Limitations**:
+  - No request-level detail
+  - No causal relationships
+  - Single-node perspective
+
+```cpp
+// Example StatsD usage in xrpld
+insight.increment("rpc.submit.count");
+insight.gauge("ledger.age", age);
+insight.timing("consensus.round", duration);
+```
+
+#### OpenTelemetry (NEW)
+
+- **Purpose**: Distributed request tracing across nodes
+- **Strengths**:
+  - **Cross-node correlation** via `trace_id`
+  - Parent-child span relationships
+  - Rich attributes per span
+  - Industry standard (CNCF)
+- **Limitations**:
+  - Requires collector infrastructure
+  - Higher complexity than logging
+
+```cpp
+// Example OpenTelemetry span
+auto span = telemetry.startSpan("tx.relay");
+span->SetAttribute("tx.hash", hash);
+span->SetAttribute("peer.id", peerId);
+// Span automatically linked to parent via context
+```
+
+### 2.6.3 When to Use Each
+
+| Scenario                                | PerfLog    | StatsD | OpenTelemetry |
+| --------------------------------------- | ---------- | ------ | ------------- |
+| "How many TXs per second?"              | ❌         | ✅     | ✅            |
+| "What's the p99 RPC latency?"           | ❌         | ✅     | ✅            |
+| "Why was this specific TX slow?"        | ⚠️ partial | ❌     | ✅            |
+| "Which node delayed consensus?"         | ❌         | ❌     | ✅            |
+| "What happened on node X at time T?"    | ✅         | ❌     | ✅            |
+| "Show me the TX journey across 5 nodes" | ❌         | ❌     | ✅            |
+
+### 2.6.4 Coexistence Strategy
+
+> **Note**: Phase 7 replaces the StatsD bridge with native OTel Metrics SDK export. The diagram below shows the Phase 6 intermediate state. See [Phase7_taskList.md](./Phase7_taskList.md) for the migration design where Beast Insight emits via OTLP instead of StatsD.
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph xrpld["xrpld Process"]
+        perflog["PerfLog<br/>(JSON to file)"]
+        insight["Beast Insight<br/>(StatsD)"]
+        otel["OpenTelemetry<br/>(Tracing)"]
+    end
+
+    perflog --> perffile["perf.log"]
+    insight --> statsd["StatsD Server"]
+    otel --> collector["OTLP Collector"]
+
+    perffile --> grafana["Grafana<br/>(Unified UI)"]
+    statsd --> grafana
+    collector --> grafana
+
+    style xrpld fill:#212121,stroke:#0a0a0a,color:#ffffff
+    style grafana fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#ffffff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **xrpld Process (dark gray)**: The single xrpld node running all three observability frameworks side by side. Each framework operates independently with no interference.
+- **PerfLog to perf.log**: PerfLog writes JSON-formatted event logs to a local file. Grafana can ingest these via Loki or a file-based datasource.
+- **Beast Insight to StatsD Server**: Insight sends aggregated metrics (counters, gauges) over UDP to a StatsD server. Grafana reads from StatsD-compatible backends like Graphite or Prometheus (via StatsD exporter).
+- **OpenTelemetry to OTLP Collector**: OTel exports spans over OTLP/gRPC to a Collector, which then forwards to a trace backend (Tempo).
+- **Grafana (red, unified UI)**: All three data streams converge in Grafana, enabling operators to correlate logs, metrics, and traces in a single dashboard.
+
+**Phase 7 target state**: Beast Insight routes to `OTelCollector` (new `Collector` implementation) which exports via OTLP/HTTP to the same collector endpoint as traces. StatsD UDP path becomes a deprecated fallback (`[insight] server=statsd`). See [06-implementation-phases.md §6.8](./06-implementation-phases.md) and [Phase7_taskList.md](./Phase7_taskList.md) for details.
+
+### 2.6.5 Correlation with PerfLog
+
+Trace IDs can be correlated with existing PerfLog entries for comprehensive debugging:
+
+```cpp
+// In RPCHandler.cpp - correlate trace with PerfLog
+Status doCommand(RPC::JsonContext& context, Json::Value& result)
+{
+    // Start OpenTelemetry span
+    auto span = context.app.getTelemetry().startSpan(
+        "rpc.command." + context.method);
+
+    // Get trace ID for correlation
+    auto traceId = span->GetContext().trace_id().IsValid()
+        ? toHex(span->GetContext().trace_id())
+        : "";
+
+    // Use existing PerfLog with trace correlation
+    auto const curId = context.app.getPerfLog().currentId();
+    context.app.getPerfLog().rpcStart(context.method, curId);
+
+    // Future: Add trace ID to PerfLog entry
+    // context.app.getPerfLog().setTraceId(curId, traceId);
+
+    try {
+        auto ret = handler(context, result);
+        context.app.getPerfLog().rpcFinish(context.method, curId);
+        span->SetStatus(opentelemetry::trace::StatusCode::kOk);
+        return ret;
+    } catch (std::exception const& e) {
+        context.app.getPerfLog().rpcError(context.method, curId);
+        span->RecordException(e);
+        span->SetStatus(opentelemetry::trace::StatusCode::kError, e.what());
+        throw;
+    }
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+_Previous: [Architecture Analysis](./01-architecture-analysis.md)_ | _Next: [Implementation Strategy](./03-implementation-strategy.md)_ | _Back to: [Overview](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)_

OpenTelemetryPlan/03-implementation-strategy.md

@@ -0,0 +1,530 @@
+# Implementation Strategy
+
+> **Parent Document**: [OpenTelemetryPlan.md](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)
+> **Related**: [Code Samples](./04-code-samples.md) | [Configuration Reference](./05-configuration-reference.md)
+
+---
+
+## 3.1 Directory Structure
+
+The telemetry implementation follows xrpld's existing code organization pattern:
+
+```
+include/xrpl/
+├── telemetry/
+│   ├── Telemetry.h              # Main telemetry interface (global singleton)
+│   ├── TelemetryConfig.h        # Configuration structures
+│   ├── TraceContext.h           # Context propagation utilities
+│   ├── SpanGuard.h              # RAII span management with factory methods + discard()
+│   ├── DiscardFlag.h            # Thread-local discard flag
+│   └── SpanAttributes.h         # Attribute helper functions
+
+src/libxrpl/
+├── telemetry/
+│   ├── Telemetry.cpp            # Implementation + FilteringSpanProcessor
+│   ├── TelemetryConfig.cpp      # Config parsing
+│   ├── TraceContext.cpp         # Context serialization
+│   └── NullTelemetry.cpp        # No-op implementation
+```
+
+---
+
+## 3.2 Implementation Approach
+
+<div align="center">
+
+```mermaid
+%%{init: {'flowchart': {'nodeSpacing': 20, 'rankSpacing': 30}}}%%
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph phase1["Phase 1: Core"]
+        direction LR
+        sdk["SDK Integration"] ~~~ interface["Telemetry Interface"] ~~~ config["Configuration"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph phase2["Phase 2: RPC"]
+        direction LR
+        http["HTTP Context"] ~~~ rpc["RPC Handlers"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph phase3["Phase 3: P2P"]
+        direction LR
+        proto["Protobuf Context"] ~~~ tx["Transaction Relay"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph phase4["Phase 4: Consensus"]
+        direction LR
+        consensus["Consensus Rounds"] ~~~ proposals["Proposals"]
+    end
+
+    phase1 --> phase2 --> phase3 --> phase4
+
+    style phase1 fill:#1565c0,stroke:#0d47a1,color:#ffffff
+    style phase2 fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#ffffff
+    style phase3 fill:#e65100,stroke:#bf360c,color:#ffffff
+    style phase4 fill:#c2185b,stroke:#880e4f,color:#ffffff
+```
+
+</div>
+
+### Key Principles
+
+1. **Minimal Intrusion**: Instrumentation should not alter existing control flow
+2. **Zero-Cost When Disabled**: Use compile-time flags and no-op implementations
+3. **Backward Compatibility**: Protocol Buffer extensions use high field numbers
+4. **Graceful Degradation**: Tracing failures must not affect node operation
+
+---
+
+## 3.3 Performance Overhead Summary
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+| Metric        | Overhead   | Notes                                            |
+| ------------- | ---------- | ------------------------------------------------ |
+| CPU           | 1-3%       | Of per-transaction CPU cost (~200μs baseline)    |
+| Memory        | ~10 MB     | SDK statics + batch buffer + worker thread stack |
+| Network       | 10-50 KB/s | Compressed OTLP export to collector              |
+| Latency (p99) | <2%        | With proper sampling configuration               |
+
+---
+
+## 3.4 Detailed CPU Overhead Analysis
+
+### 3.4.1 Per-Operation Costs
+
+> **Note on hardware assumptions**: The costs below are based on the official OTel C++ SDK CI benchmarks
+> (969 runs on GitHub Actions 2-core shared runners). On production server hardware (3+ GHz Xeon),
+> expect costs at the **lower end** of each range (~30-50% improvement over CI hardware).
+
+| Operation             | Time (ns) | Frequency              | Impact     |
+| --------------------- | --------- | ---------------------- | ---------- |
+| Span creation         | 500-1000  | Every traced operation | Low        |
+| Span end              | 100-200   | Every traced operation | Low        |
+| SetAttribute (string) | 80-120    | 3-5 per span           | Low        |
+| SetAttribute (int)    | 40-60     | 2-3 per span           | Negligible |
+| AddEvent              | 100-200   | 0-2 per span           | Low        |
+| Context injection     | 150-250   | Per outgoing message   | Low        |
+| Context extraction    | 100-180   | Per incoming message   | Low        |
+| GetCurrent context    | 10-20     | Thread-local access    | Negligible |
+
+**Source**: Span creation based on OTel C++ SDK `BM_SpanCreation` benchmark (AlwaysOnSampler +
+SimpleSpanProcessor + InMemoryExporter), median ~1,000 ns on CI hardware. AddEvent includes
+timestamp read + string copy + vector push + mutex acquisition. Context injection/extraction
+confirmed by `BM_SpanCreationWithScope` benchmark delta (~160 ns).
+
+### 3.4.2 Transaction Processing Overhead
+
+<div align="center">
+
+```mermaid
+%%{init: {'pie': {'textPosition': 0.75}}}%%
+pie showData
+    "tx.receive (1400ns)" : 1400
+    "tx.validate (1200ns)" : 1200
+    "tx.relay (1200ns)" : 1200
+    "Context inject (200ns)" : 200
+```
+
+**Transaction Tracing Overhead (~4.0μs total)**
+
+</div>
+
+**Overhead percentage**: 4.0 μs / 200 μs (avg tx processing) = **~2.0%**
+
+> **Breakdown**: Each span (tx.receive, tx.validate, tx.relay) costs ~1,000 ns for creation plus
+> ~200-400 ns for 3-5 attribute sets. Context injection is ~200 ns (confirmed by benchmarks).
+> On production hardware, expect ~2.6 μs total (~1.3% overhead) due to faster span creation (~500-600 ns).
+
+### 3.4.3 Consensus Round Overhead
+
+| Operation              | Count | Cost (ns) | Total      |
+| ---------------------- | ----- | --------- | ---------- |
+| consensus.round span   | 1     | ~1200     | ~1.2 μs    |
+| consensus.phase spans  | 3     | ~1100     | ~3.3 μs    |
+| proposal.receive spans | ~20   | ~1100     | ~22 μs     |
+| proposal.send spans    | ~3    | ~1100     | ~3.3 μs    |
+| Context operations     | ~30   | ~200      | ~6 μs      |
+| **TOTAL**              |       |           | **~36 μs** |
+
+> **Why higher**: Each span costs ~1,000 ns creation + ~100-200 ns for 1-2 attributes, totaling ~1,100-1,200 ns.
+> Context operations remain ~200 ns (confirmed by benchmarks). On production hardware, expect ~24 μs total.
+
+**Overhead percentage**: 36 μs / 3s (typical round) = **~0.001%** (negligible)
+
+### 3.4.4 RPC Request Overhead
+
+| Operation        | Cost (ns)    |
+| ---------------- | ------------ |
+| rpc.request span | ~1200        |
+| rpc.command span | ~1100        |
+| Context extract  | ~250         |
+| Context inject   | ~200         |
+| **TOTAL**        | **~2.75 μs** |
+
+> **Why higher**: Each span costs ~1,000 ns creation + ~100-200 ns for attributes (command name,
+> version, role). Context extract/inject costs are confirmed by OTel C++ benchmarks.
+
+- Fast RPC (1ms): 2.75 μs / 1ms = **~0.275%**
+- Slow RPC (100ms): 2.75 μs / 100ms = **~0.003%**
+
+---
+
+## 3.5 Memory Overhead Analysis
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+### 3.5.1 Static Memory
+
+| Component                            | Size        | Allocated  |
+| ------------------------------------ | ----------- | ---------- |
+| TracerProvider singleton             | ~64 KB      | At startup |
+| BatchSpanProcessor (circular buffer) | ~16 KB      | At startup |
+| BatchSpanProcessor (worker thread)   | ~8 MB       | At startup |
+| OTLP exporter (gRPC channel init)    | ~256 KB     | At startup |
+| Propagator registry                  | ~8 KB       | At startup |
+| **Total static**                     | **~8.3 MB** |            |
+
+> **Why higher than earlier estimate**: The BatchSpanProcessor's circular buffer itself is only ~16 KB
+> (2049 x 8-byte `AtomicUniquePtr` entries), but it spawns a dedicated worker thread whose default
+> stack size on Linux is ~8 MB. The OTLP gRPC exporter allocates memory for channel stubs and TLS
+> initialization. The worker thread stack dominates the static footprint.
+
+### 3.5.2 Dynamic Memory
+
+| Component            | Size per unit  | Max units  | Peak            |
+| -------------------- | -------------- | ---------- | --------------- |
+| Active span          | ~500-800 bytes | 1000       | ~500-800 KB     |
+| Queued span (export) | ~500 bytes     | 2048       | ~1 MB           |
+| Attribute storage    | ~80 bytes      | 5 per span | Included        |
+| Context storage      | ~64 bytes      | Per thread | ~6.4 KB         |
+| **Total dynamic**    |                |            | **~1.5-1.8 MB** |
+
+> **Why active spans are larger**: An active `Span` object includes the wrapper (~88 bytes: shared_ptr,
+> mutex, unique_ptr to Recordable) plus `SpanData` (~250 bytes: SpanContext, timestamps, name, status,
+> empty containers) plus attribute storage (~200-500 bytes for 3-5 string attributes in a `std::map`).
+> Source: `sdk/src/trace/span.h` and `sdk/include/opentelemetry/sdk/trace/span_data.h`.
+> Queued spans release the wrapper, keeping only `SpanData` + attributes (~500 bytes).
+
+### 3.5.3 Memory Growth Characteristics
+
+```mermaid
+---
+config:
+    xyChart:
+        width: 700
+        height: 400
+---
+xychart-beta
+    title "Memory Usage vs Span Rate (bounded by queue limit)"
+    x-axis "Spans/second" [0, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000]
+    y-axis "Memory (MB)" 0 --> 12
+    line [8.5, 9.2, 9.6, 9.9, 10.0, 10.0]
+```
+
+**Notes**:
+
+- Memory increases with span rate but **plateaus at queue capacity** (default 2048 spans)
+- Batch export prevents unbounded growth
+- At queue limit, oldest spans are dropped (not blocked)
+- Maximum memory is bounded: ~8.3 MB static (dominated by worker thread stack) + 2048 queued spans x ~500 bytes (~1 MB) + active spans (~0.8 MB) ≈ **~10 MB ceiling**
+- The worker thread stack (~8 MB) is virtual memory; actual RSS depends on stack usage (typically much less)
+
+### 3.5.4 Performance Data Sources
+
+The overhead estimates in Sections 3.3-3.5 are derived from the following sources:
+
+| Source                                           | What it covers                                        | URL                                                                                                                                        |
+| ------------------------------------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
+| OTel C++ SDK CI benchmarks (969 runs)            | Span creation, context activation, sampler overhead   | [Benchmark Dashboard](https://open-telemetry.github.io/opentelemetry-cpp/benchmarks/)                                                      |
+| `api/test/trace/span_benchmark.cc`               | API-level span creation (~22 ns no-op)                | [Source](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-cpp/blob/main/api/test/trace/span_benchmark.cc)                                   |
+| `sdk/test/trace/sampler_benchmark.cc`            | SDK span creation with samplers (~1,000 ns AlwaysOn)  | [Source](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-cpp/blob/main/sdk/test/trace/sampler_benchmark.cc)                                |
+| `sdk/include/.../span_data.h`                    | SpanData memory layout (~250 bytes base)              | [Source](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-cpp/blob/main/sdk/include/opentelemetry/sdk/trace/span_data.h)                    |
+| `sdk/src/trace/span.h`                           | Span wrapper memory layout (~88 bytes)                | [Source](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-cpp/blob/main/sdk/src/trace/span.h)                                               |
+| `sdk/include/.../batch_span_processor_options.h` | Default queue size (2048), batch size (512)           | [Source](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-cpp/blob/main/sdk/include/opentelemetry/sdk/trace/batch_span_processor_options.h) |
+| `sdk/include/.../circular_buffer.h`              | CircularBuffer implementation (AtomicUniquePtr array) | [Source](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-cpp/blob/main/sdk/include/opentelemetry/sdk/common/circular_buffer.h)             |
+| OTLP proto definition                            | Serialized span size estimation                       | [Proto](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-proto/blob/main/opentelemetry/proto/trace/v1/trace.proto)                          |
+
+---
+
+## 3.6 Network Overhead Analysis
+
+### 3.6.1 Export Bandwidth
+
+> **Bytes per span**: Estimates use ~500 bytes/span (conservative upper bound). OTLP protobuf analysis
+> shows a typical span with 3-5 string attributes serializes to ~200-300 bytes raw; with gzip
+> compression (~60-70% of raw) and batching (amortized headers), ~350 bytes/span is more realistic.
+> The table uses the conservative estimate for capacity planning.
+
+| Sampling Rate | Spans/sec | Bandwidth | Notes            |
+| ------------- | --------- | --------- | ---------------- |
+| 100%          | ~500      | ~250 KB/s | Development only |
+| 10%           | ~50       | ~25 KB/s  | Staging          |
+| 1%            | ~5        | ~2.5 KB/s | Production       |
+| Error-only    | ~1        | ~0.5 KB/s | Minimal overhead |
+
+### 3.6.2 Trace Context Propagation
+
+| Message Type           | Context Size | Messages/sec | Overhead    |
+| ---------------------- | ------------ | ------------ | ----------- |
+| TMTransaction          | 25 bytes     | ~100         | ~2.5 KB/s   |
+| TMProposeSet           | 25 bytes     | ~10          | ~250 B/s    |
+| TMValidation           | 25 bytes     | ~50          | ~1.25 KB/s  |
+| **Total P2P overhead** |              |              | **~4 KB/s** |
+
+---
+
+## 3.7 Optimization Strategies
+
+### 3.7.1 Sampling Strategies
+
+#### Tail Sampling
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TD
+    trace["New Trace"]
+
+    trace --> errors{"Is Error?"}
+    errors -->|Yes| sample["SAMPLE"]
+    errors -->|No| consensus{"Is Consensus?"}
+
+    consensus -->|Yes| sample
+    consensus -->|No| slow{"Is Slow?"}
+
+    slow -->|Yes| sample
+    slow -->|No| prob{"Random < 10%?"}
+
+    prob -->|Yes| sample
+    prob -->|No| drop["DROP"]
+
+    style sample fill:#4caf50,stroke:#388e3c,color:#fff
+    style drop fill:#f44336,stroke:#c62828,color:#fff
+```
+
+### 3.7.2 Batch Tuning Recommendations
+
+| Environment        | Batch Size | Batch Delay | Max Queue |
+| ------------------ | ---------- | ----------- | --------- |
+| Low-latency        | 128        | 1000ms      | 512       |
+| High-throughput    | 1024       | 10000ms     | 8192      |
+| Memory-constrained | 256        | 2000ms      | 512       |
+
+### 3.7.3 Conditional Instrumentation
+
+SpanGuard's static factory methods handle both compile-time and runtime
+checks internally. When `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY` is not defined, the
+entire SpanGuard class compiles to a no-op stub with empty method bodies.
+When it is defined, the factory methods check the global Telemetry
+instance and the relevant component filter before creating a span:
+
+```cpp
+// SpanGuard factory methods handle all conditional logic internally.
+// When XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY is not defined, these are no-ops.
+// When defined, they check Telemetry::getInstance() and the
+// component filter (e.g. shouldTracePeer()) at runtime.
+auto span = telemetry::SpanGuard::peerSpan("peer.message.receive");
+span.setAttribute("xrpl.peer.id", peerId);
+// No overhead when telemetry is disabled at compile time or runtime
+```
+
+---
+
+## 3.8 Links to Detailed Documentation
+
+- **[Code Samples](./04-code-samples.md)**: Complete implementation code for all components
+- **[Configuration Reference](./05-configuration-reference.md)**: Configuration options and collector setup
+- **[Implementation Phases](./06-implementation-phases.md)**: Detailed timeline and milestones
+
+---
+
+## 3.9 Code Intrusiveness Assessment
+
+> **TxQ** = Transaction Queue
+
+This section provides a detailed assessment of how intrusive the OpenTelemetry integration is to the existing xrpld codebase.
+
+### 3.9.1 Files Modified Summary
+
+| Component             | Files Modified | Lines Added | Lines Changed | Architectural Impact |
+| --------------------- | -------------- | ----------- | ------------- | -------------------- |
+| **Core Telemetry**    | 7 new files    | ~800        | 0             | None (new module)    |
+| **Application Init**  | 2 files        | ~30         | ~5            | Minimal              |
+| **RPC Layer**         | 3 files        | ~80         | ~20           | Minimal              |
+| **Transaction Relay** | 4 files        | ~120        | ~40           | Low                  |
+| **Consensus**         | 3 files        | ~100        | ~30           | Low-Medium           |
+| **Protocol Buffers**  | 1 file         | ~25         | 0             | Low                  |
+| **CMake/Build**       | 3 files        | ~50         | ~10           | Minimal              |
+| **PathFinding**       | 2              | ~80         | ~5            | Minimal              |
+| **TxQ/Fee**           | 2              | ~60         | ~5            | Minimal              |
+| **Validator/Amend**   | 3              | ~40         | ~5            | Minimal              |
+| **Total**             | **~27 files**  | **~1,490**  | **~120**      | **Low**              |
+
+### 3.9.2 Detailed File Impact
+
+```mermaid
+pie title Code Changes by Component
+    "New Telemetry Module" : 800
+    "Transaction Relay" : 160
+    "Consensus" : 130
+    "RPC Layer" : 100
+    "PathFinding" : 80
+    "TxQ/Fee" : 60
+    "Validator/Amendment" : 40
+    "Application Init" : 35
+    "Protocol Buffers" : 25
+    "Build System" : 60
+```
+
+#### New Files (No Impact on Existing Code)
+
+| File                                        | Lines | Purpose                                               |
+| ------------------------------------------- | ----- | ----------------------------------------------------- |
+| `include/xrpl/telemetry/Telemetry.h`        | ~160  | Main interface (global singleton)                     |
+| `include/xrpl/telemetry/SpanGuard.h`        | ~250  | RAII wrapper + factory methods + discard + no-op stub |
+| `include/xrpl/telemetry/DiscardFlag.h`      | ~28   | Thread-local discard flag                             |
+| `include/xrpl/telemetry/TraceContext.h`     | ~80   | Context propagation                                   |
+| `src/libxrpl/telemetry/Telemetry.cpp`       | ~400  | Implementation + FilteringSpanProcessor               |
+| `src/libxrpl/telemetry/TelemetryConfig.cpp` | ~60   | Config parsing                                        |
+| `src/libxrpl/telemetry/NullTelemetry.cpp`   | ~40   | No-op implementation                                  |
+
+#### Modified Files (Existing Xrpld Code)
+
+| File                                              | Lines Added | Lines Changed | Risk Level |
+| ------------------------------------------------- | ----------- | ------------- | ---------- |
+| `src/xrpld/app/main/Application.cpp`              | ~15         | ~3            | Low        |
+| `include/xrpl/core/ServiceRegistry.h`             | ~5          | ~2            | Low        |
+| `src/xrpld/rpc/detail/ServerHandler.cpp`          | ~40         | ~10           | Low        |
+| `src/xrpld/rpc/handlers/*.cpp`                    | ~30         | ~8            | Low        |
+| `src/xrpld/overlay/detail/PeerImp.cpp`            | ~60         | ~15           | Medium     |
+| `src/xrpld/overlay/detail/OverlayImpl.cpp`        | ~30         | ~10           | Medium     |
+| `src/xrpld/app/consensus/RCLConsensus.cpp`        | ~50         | ~15           | Medium     |
+| `src/xrpld/app/consensus/RCLConsensusAdaptor.cpp` | ~40         | ~12           | Medium     |
+| `src/xrpld/core/JobQueue.cpp`                     | ~20         | ~5            | Low        |
+| `src/xrpld/app/paths/PathRequest.cpp`             | ~40         | ~3            | Low        |
+| `src/xrpld/app/paths/Pathfinder.cpp`              | ~40         | ~2            | Low        |
+| `src/xrpld/app/misc/TxQ.cpp`                      | ~40         | ~3            | Low        |
+| `src/xrpld/app/main/LoadManager.cpp`              | ~20         | ~2            | Low        |
+| `src/xrpld/app/misc/ValidatorList.cpp`            | ~20         | ~2            | Low        |
+| `src/xrpld/app/misc/AmendmentTable.cpp`           | ~10         | ~2            | Low        |
+| `src/xrpld/app/misc/Manifest.cpp`                 | ~10         | ~1            | Low        |
+| `src/xrpld/shamap/SHAMap.cpp`                     | ~20         | ~3            | Low        |
+| `src/xrpld/overlay/detail/ripple.proto`           | ~25         | 0             | Low        |
+| `CMakeLists.txt`                                  | ~40         | ~8            | Low        |
+| `cmake/FindOpenTelemetry.cmake`                   | ~50         | 0             | None (new) |
+
+### 3.9.3 Risk Assessment by Component
+
+<div align="center">
+
+**Do First** ↖ ↗ **Plan Carefully**
+
+```mermaid
+quadrantChart
+    title Code Intrusiveness Risk Matrix
+    x-axis Low Risk --> High Risk
+    y-axis Low Value --> High Value
+
+    RPC Tracing: [0.2, 0.55]
+    Transaction Relay: [0.55, 0.85]
+    Consensus Tracing: [0.75, 0.92]
+    Peer Message Tracing: [0.85, 0.35]
+    JobQueue Context: [0.3, 0.42]
+    Ledger Acquisition: [0.48, 0.65]
+    PathFinding: [0.38, 0.72]
+    TxQ and Fees: [0.25, 0.62]
+    Validator Mgmt: [0.15, 0.35]
+```
+
+**Optional** ↙ ↘ **Avoid**
+
+</div>
+
+#### Risk Level Definitions
+
+| Risk Level | Definition                                                       | Mitigation                         |
+| ---------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------- |
+| **Low**    | Additive changes only; no modification to existing logic         | Standard code review               |
+| **Medium** | Minor modifications to existing functions; clear boundaries      | Comprehensive unit tests           |
+| **High**   | Changes to core logic or data structures; potential side effects | Integration tests + staged rollout |
+
+### 3.9.4 Architectural Impact Assessment
+
+| Aspect               | Impact  | Justification                                                                    |
+| -------------------- | ------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Data Flow**        | Minimal | Read-only instrumentation; no modification to consensus or transaction data flow |
+| **Threading Model**  | Minimal | Context propagation uses thread-local storage (standard OTel pattern)            |
+| **Memory Model**     | Low     | Bounded queues prevent unbounded growth; RAII ensures cleanup                    |
+| **Network Protocol** | Low     | Optional fields in protobuf (high field numbers); backward compatible            |
+| **Configuration**    | None    | New config section; existing configs unaffected                                  |
+| **Build System**     | Low     | Optional CMake flag; builds work without OpenTelemetry                           |
+| **Dependencies**     | Low     | OpenTelemetry SDK is optional; null implementation when disabled                 |
+
+### 3.9.5 Backward Compatibility
+
+| Compatibility   | Status  | Notes                                                 |
+| --------------- | ------- | ----------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Config File** | ✅ Full | New `[telemetry]` section is optional                 |
+| **Protocol**    | ✅ Full | Optional protobuf fields with high field numbers      |
+| **Build**       | ✅ Full | `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=OFF` produces identical binary |
+| **Runtime**     | ✅ Full | `enabled=0` produces zero overhead                    |
+| **API**         | ✅ Full | No changes to public RPC or P2P APIs                  |
+
+### 3.9.6 Rollback Strategy
+
+If issues are discovered after deployment:
+
+1. **Immediate**: Set `enabled=0` in config and restart (zero code change)
+2. **Quick**: Rebuild with `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=OFF`
+3. **Complete**: Revert telemetry commits (clean separation makes this easy)
+
+### 3.9.7 Code Change Examples
+
+**Minimal RPC Instrumentation (Low Intrusiveness):**
+
+```cpp
+// Before
+void ServerHandler::onRequest(...) {
+    auto result = processRequest(req);
+    send(result);
+}
+
+// After (only ~4 lines added)
+void ServerHandler::onRequest(...) {
+    auto span = telemetry::SpanGuard::rpcSpan("rpc.request");   // +1 line
+    span.setAttribute("command", command);                        // +1 line
+
+    auto result = processRequest(req);
+
+    span.setAttribute("rpc_status", status);                      // +1 line
+    send(result);
+}
+```
+
+SpanGuard factory methods (`rpcSpan`, `txSpan`, `consensusSpan`, etc.)
+access the global `Telemetry` instance internally and check the relevant
+component filter (`shouldTraceRpc()`, etc.) before creating a span. The
+public SpanGuard header has zero `opentelemetry/` includes -- all OTel
+types are hidden behind the pimpl idiom.
+
+**Consensus Instrumentation (Medium Intrusiveness):**
+
+```cpp
+// Before
+void RCLConsensusAdaptor::startRound(...) {
+    // ... existing logic
+}
+
+// After (context storage required)
+void RCLConsensusAdaptor::startRound(...) {
+    auto span = telemetry::SpanGuard::consensusSpan("consensus.round");
+    span.setAttribute("xrpl.consensus.ledger.seq", seq);
+
+    // Store context for child spans in phase transitions
+    currentRoundContext_ = span.context();  // New member variable
+
+    // ... existing logic unchanged
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+_Previous: [Design Decisions](./02-design-decisions.md)_ | _Next: [Code Samples](./04-code-samples.md)_ | _Back to: [Overview](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)_

OpenTelemetryPlan/05-configuration-reference.md

@@ -0,0 +1,988 @@
+# Configuration Reference
+
+> **Parent Document**: [OpenTelemetryPlan.md](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)
+> **Related**: [Code Samples](./04-code-samples.md) | [Implementation Phases](./06-implementation-phases.md)
+
+---
+
+## 5.1 xrpld Configuration
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol | **TxQ** = Transaction Queue
+
+### 5.1.1 Configuration File Section
+
+Add to `cfg/xrpld-example.cfg`:
+
+```ini
+# ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+# TELEMETRY (OpenTelemetry Distributed Tracing)
+# ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+#
+# Enables distributed tracing for transaction flow, consensus, and RPC calls.
+# Traces are exported to an OpenTelemetry Collector using OTLP protocol.
+#
+# [telemetry]
+#
+# # Enable/disable telemetry (default: 0 = disabled)
+# enabled=1
+#
+# # OTLP endpoint (default: http://localhost:4318/v1/traces - OTLP/HTTP)
+# # Note: only OTLP/HTTP is shipped in Phase 1b. OTLP/gRPC support is
+# # planned as future work and is not yet parsed by TelemetryConfig.cpp.
+# endpoint=http://localhost:4318/v1/traces
+#
+# # Use TLS for exporter connection (default: 0)
+# use_tls=0
+#
+# # Path to CA certificate for TLS (optional)
+# # tls_ca_cert=/path/to/ca.crt
+#
+# # Sampling ratio: 0.0-1.0 (default: 1.0 = 100% sampling)
+# # Use lower values in production to reduce overhead
+# # Default: 1.0 (all traces). For production deployments with high
+# # throughput, 0.1 (10%) is recommended to reduce overhead.
+# # See Section 7.4.2 for sampling strategy details.
+# sampling_ratio=0.1
+#
+# # Batch processor settings
+# batch_size=512           # Spans per batch (default: 512)
+# batch_delay_ms=5000      # Max delay before sending batch (default: 5000)
+# max_queue_size=2048      # Max queued spans (default: 2048)
+#
+# # Component-specific tracing (default: all enabled except peer)
+# trace_transactions=1     # Transaction relay and processing
+# trace_consensus=1        # Consensus rounds and proposals
+# trace_rpc=1              # RPC request handling
+# trace_peer=0             # Peer messages (high volume, disabled by default)
+# trace_ledger=1           # Ledger acquisition and building
+#
+# # Planned (not yet parsed by TelemetryConfig.cpp):
+# # trace_pathfind=1       # Path computation (Phase 2)
+# # trace_txq=1            # Transaction queue (Phase 3)
+# # trace_validator=0      # Validator list / manifest (future)
+# # trace_amendment=0      # Amendment voting (future)
+#
+# # Trace ID strategies for cross-node correlation
+# # "deterministic" (default) derives trace_id from a workflow hash
+# #   (txHash for transactions, prevLedgerHash for consensus) so all nodes
+# #   produce spans under the same trace_id for the same workflow.
+# # "attribute" uses random trace_id; correlation via attribute queries.
+# tx_trace_strategy=deterministic
+# consensus_trace_strategy=deterministic
+#
+# # Service identification (automatically detected if not specified)
+# # service_name=xrpld
+# # service_instance_id=<node_public_key>
+
+[telemetry]
+enabled=0
+```
+
+### 5.1.2 Configuration Options Summary
+
+| Option                     | Type   | Default                           | Description                                                                                                |
+| -------------------------- | ------ | --------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `enabled`                  | bool   | `false`                           | Enable/disable telemetry                                                                                   |
+| `endpoint`                 | string | `http://localhost:4318/v1/traces` | OTLP/HTTP collector endpoint                                                                               |
+| `use_tls`                  | bool   | `false`                           | Enable TLS for exporter connection                                                                         |
+| `tls_ca_cert`              | string | `""`                              | Path to CA certificate file                                                                                |
+| `sampling_ratio`           | float  | `1.0`                             | Sampling ratio (0.0-1.0)                                                                                   |
+| `batch_size`               | uint   | `512`                             | Spans per export batch                                                                                     |
+| `batch_delay_ms`           | uint   | `5000`                            | Max delay before sending batch (ms)                                                                        |
+| `max_queue_size`           | uint   | `2048`                            | Maximum queued spans                                                                                       |
+| `trace_transactions`       | bool   | `true`                            | Enable transaction tracing                                                                                 |
+| `trace_consensus`          | bool   | `true`                            | Enable consensus tracing                                                                                   |
+| `trace_rpc`                | bool   | `true`                            | Enable RPC tracing                                                                                         |
+| `trace_peer`               | bool   | `false`                           | Enable peer message tracing (high volume)                                                                  |
+| `trace_ledger`             | bool   | `true`                            | Enable ledger tracing                                                                                      |
+| `tx_trace_strategy`        | string | `"deterministic"`                 | TX trace ID strategy: `"deterministic"` (trace_id = txHash[0:16]) or `"attribute"` (random)                |
+| `consensus_trace_strategy` | string | `"deterministic"`                 | Consensus trace ID strategy: `"deterministic"` (trace_id = prevLedgerHash[0:16]) or `"attribute"` (random) |
+| `service_name`             | string | `"xrpld"`                         | Service name for traces                                                                                    |
+| `service_instance_id`      | string | `<node_pubkey>`                   | Instance identifier                                                                                        |
+
+**Planned (not yet implemented)**: the following options appear in the design
+documents but are not parsed by `TelemetryConfig.cpp` in Phase 1b and later
+phases. They will be added as the corresponding subsystems are instrumented:
+
+| Option            | Planned Phase | Purpose                                  |
+| ----------------- | ------------- | ---------------------------------------- |
+| `exporter`        | Future        | Select between OTLP/HTTP and OTLP/gRPC   |
+| `trace_pathfind`  | Phase 2       | Path computation tracing toggle          |
+| `trace_txq`       | Phase 3       | Transaction queue tracing toggle         |
+| `trace_validator` | Future        | Validator list / manifest update tracing |
+| `trace_amendment` | Future        | Amendment voting tracing                 |
+
+---
+
+## 5.2 Configuration Parser
+
+> **TxQ** = Transaction Queue
+
+```cpp
+// src/libxrpl/telemetry/TelemetryConfig.cpp
+
+#include <xrpl/telemetry/Telemetry.h>
+#include <xrpl/basics/Log.h>
+
+namespace xrpl {
+namespace telemetry {
+
+Telemetry::Setup
+setupTelemetry(
+    Section const& section,
+    std::string const& nodePublicKey,
+    std::string const& version)
+{
+    Telemetry::Setup setup;
+
+    // Basic settings
+    setup.enabled = section.value_or("enabled", false);
+    setup.serviceName = section.value_or("service_name", "xrpld");
+    setup.serviceVersion = version;
+    setup.serviceInstanceId = section.value_or(
+        "service_instance_id", nodePublicKey);
+
+    // Exporter settings
+    setup.exporterType = section.value_or("exporter", "otlp_grpc");
+
+    if (setup.exporterType == "otlp_grpc")
+        setup.exporterEndpoint = section.value_or("endpoint", "localhost:4317");
+    else if (setup.exporterType == "otlp_http")
+        setup.exporterEndpoint = section.value_or("endpoint", "localhost:4318");
+
+    setup.useTls = section.value_or("use_tls", false);
+    setup.tlsCertPath = section.value_or("tls_ca_cert", "");
+
+    // Sampling
+    setup.samplingRatio = section.value_or("sampling_ratio", 1.0);
+    if (setup.samplingRatio < 0.0 || setup.samplingRatio > 1.0)
+    {
+        Throw<std::runtime_error>(
+            "telemetry.sampling_ratio must be between 0.0 and 1.0");
+    }
+
+    // Batch processor
+    setup.batchSize = section.value_or("batch_size", 512u);
+    setup.batchDelay = std::chrono::milliseconds{
+        section.value_or("batch_delay_ms", 5000u)};
+    setup.maxQueueSize = section.value_or("max_queue_size", 2048u);
+
+    // Component filtering
+    setup.traceTransactions = section.value_or("trace_transactions", true);
+    setup.traceConsensus = section.value_or("trace_consensus", true);
+    setup.traceRpc = section.value_or("trace_rpc", true);
+    setup.tracePeer = section.value_or("trace_peer", false);
+    setup.traceLedger = section.value_or("trace_ledger", true);
+    setup.tracePathfind = section.value_or("trace_pathfind", true);
+    setup.traceTxQ = section.value_or("trace_txq", true);
+    setup.traceValidator = section.value_or("trace_validator", false);
+    setup.traceAmendment = section.value_or("trace_amendment", false);
+
+    return setup;
+}
+
+} // namespace telemetry
+} // namespace xrpl
+```
+
+---
+
+## 5.3 Application Integration
+
+### 5.3.1 ApplicationImp Changes
+
+> **Deferred identity**: The node public key (`nodeIdentity_`) is not
+> available during `ApplicationImp`'s member initializer list — it is
+> resolved later in `setup()`. The `Telemetry` object is therefore
+> constructed with an empty `serviceInstanceId` and patched via
+> `setServiceInstanceId()` once `setup()` has called `getNodeIdentity()`.
+
+```cpp
+// src/xrpld/app/main/Application.cpp (modified)
+
+#include <xrpl/telemetry/Telemetry.h>
+
+class ApplicationImp : public Application, public BasicApp
+{
+    // ... existing members (perfLog_, etc.) ...
+
+    // Telemetry — constructed in the member initializer list with
+    // an empty serviceInstanceId, patched in setup().
+    std::unique_ptr<telemetry::Telemetry> telemetry_;
+
+    // Member initializer list (excerpt):
+    // ...
+    // , telemetry_(
+    //       telemetry::makeTelemetry(
+    //           telemetry::setupTelemetry(
+    //               config_->section("telemetry"),
+    //               "",  // Updated later via setServiceInstanceId()
+    //               BuildInfo::getVersionString()),
+    //           logs_->journal("Telemetry")))
+    // ...
+
+    bool setup(...) override
+    {
+        // ... existing setup code ...
+
+        nodeIdentity_ = getNodeIdentity(*this, cmdline);
+
+        // Inject node identity into telemetry resource attributes,
+        // unless the user already set a custom service_instance_id.
+        if (!config_->section("telemetry").exists("service_instance_id"))
+            telemetry_->setServiceInstanceId(
+                toBase58(TokenType::NodePublic, nodeIdentity_->first));
+
+        // ... rest of setup ...
+    }
+
+    void start(bool withTimers) override
+    {
+        // ... existing start code ...
+        telemetry_->start();
+    }
+
+    void run() override
+    {
+        // ... existing run/shutdown code ...
+        telemetry_->stop();
+    }
+
+    telemetry::Telemetry&
+    getTelemetry() override
+    {
+        return *telemetry_;
+    }
+};
+```
+
+### 5.3.2 ServiceRegistry Interface Addition
+
+```cpp
+// include/xrpl/core/ServiceRegistry.h (modified)
+
+namespace telemetry {
+class Telemetry;
+}  // namespace telemetry
+
+class ServiceRegistry
+{
+public:
+    // ... existing virtual methods ...
+
+    /** Get the telemetry system for distributed tracing. */
+    virtual telemetry::Telemetry&
+    getTelemetry() = 0;
+};
+```
+
+> **Note:** `Application` extends `ServiceRegistry`, so `getTelemetry()` is
+> available on both. Components that hold a `ServiceRegistry&` (e.g.
+> `NetworkOPsImp`) call `registry_.get().getTelemetry()`. Components that
+> still hold an `Application&` (e.g. `ServerHandler`, `PeerImp`,
+> `RCLConsensusAdaptor`) call `app_.getTelemetry()` directly.
+
+---
+
+## 5.4 CMake Integration
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+### 5.4.1 Find OpenTelemetry Module
+
+```cmake
+# cmake/FindOpenTelemetry.cmake
+
+# Find OpenTelemetry C++ SDK
+#
+# This module defines:
+#   OpenTelemetry_FOUND - System has OpenTelemetry
+#   OpenTelemetry::api - API library target
+#   OpenTelemetry::sdk - SDK library target
+#   OpenTelemetry::otlp_grpc_exporter - OTLP gRPC exporter target
+#   OpenTelemetry::otlp_http_exporter - OTLP HTTP exporter target
+
+find_package(opentelemetry-cpp CONFIG QUIET)
+
+if(opentelemetry-cpp_FOUND)
+    set(OpenTelemetry_FOUND TRUE)
+
+    # Create imported targets if not already created by config
+    if(NOT TARGET OpenTelemetry::api)
+        add_library(OpenTelemetry::api ALIAS opentelemetry-cpp::api)
+    endif()
+    if(NOT TARGET OpenTelemetry::sdk)
+        add_library(OpenTelemetry::sdk ALIAS opentelemetry-cpp::sdk)
+    endif()
+    if(NOT TARGET OpenTelemetry::otlp_grpc_exporter)
+        add_library(OpenTelemetry::otlp_grpc_exporter ALIAS
+            opentelemetry-cpp::otlp_grpc_exporter)
+    endif()
+else()
+    # Try pkg-config fallback
+    find_package(PkgConfig QUIET)
+    if(PKG_CONFIG_FOUND)
+        pkg_check_modules(OTEL opentelemetry-cpp QUIET)
+        if(OTEL_FOUND)
+            set(OpenTelemetry_FOUND TRUE)
+            # Create imported targets from pkg-config
+            add_library(OpenTelemetry::api INTERFACE IMPORTED)
+            target_include_directories(OpenTelemetry::api INTERFACE
+                ${OTEL_INCLUDE_DIRS})
+        endif()
+    endif()
+endif()
+
+include(FindPackageHandleStandardArgs)
+find_package_handle_standard_args(OpenTelemetry
+    REQUIRED_VARS OpenTelemetry_FOUND)
+```
+
+### 5.4.2 CMakeLists.txt Changes
+
+```cmake
+# CMakeLists.txt (additions)
+
+# ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+# TELEMETRY OPTIONS
+# ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+option(XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY
+    "Enable OpenTelemetry distributed tracing support" OFF)
+
+if(XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY)
+    find_package(OpenTelemetry REQUIRED)
+
+    # Define compile-time flag
+    add_compile_definitions(XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY)
+
+    message(STATUS "OpenTelemetry tracing: ENABLED")
+else()
+    message(STATUS "OpenTelemetry tracing: DISABLED")
+endif()
+
+# ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+# TELEMETRY LIBRARY
+# ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+if(XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY)
+    add_library(xrpl_telemetry
+        src/libxrpl/telemetry/Telemetry.cpp
+        src/libxrpl/telemetry/TelemetryConfig.cpp
+        src/libxrpl/telemetry/TraceContext.cpp
+    )
+
+    target_include_directories(xrpl_telemetry
+        PUBLIC
+            ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include
+    )
+
+    target_link_libraries(xrpl_telemetry
+        PUBLIC
+            OpenTelemetry::api
+            OpenTelemetry::sdk
+            OpenTelemetry::otlp_grpc_exporter
+        PRIVATE
+            xrpl_basics
+    )
+
+    # Add to main library dependencies
+    target_link_libraries(xrpld PRIVATE xrpl_telemetry)
+else()
+    # Create null implementation library
+    add_library(xrpl_telemetry
+        src/libxrpl/telemetry/NullTelemetry.cpp
+    )
+    target_include_directories(xrpl_telemetry
+        PUBLIC ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include
+    )
+endif()
+```
+
+---
+
+## 5.5 OpenTelemetry Collector Configuration
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol | **APM** = Application Performance Monitoring
+
+> **Production hardening**: The configurations in this section are starting points. For production deployments where xrpld ships telemetry across a network to a centrally-hosted collector, see [Securing the OTel Pipeline](./secure-OTel.md) for the required mTLS receiver config, NetworkPolicy, and peer trace-context validation.
+
+### 5.5.1 Development Configuration
+
+```yaml
+# otel-collector-dev.yaml
+# Minimal configuration for local development
+
+receivers:
+  otlp:
+    protocols:
+      grpc:
+        endpoint: 0.0.0.0:4317
+      http:
+        endpoint: 0.0.0.0:4318
+
+processors:
+  batch:
+    timeout: 1s
+    send_batch_size: 100
+
+exporters:
+  # Console output for debugging
+  logging:
+    verbosity: detailed
+    sampling_initial: 5
+    sampling_thereafter: 200
+
+  # Tempo for trace storage
+  otlp/tempo:
+    endpoint: tempo:4317
+    tls:
+      insecure: true
+
+service:
+  pipelines:
+    traces:
+      receivers: [otlp]
+      processors: [batch]
+      exporters: [logging, otlp/tempo]
+```
+
+### 5.5.2 Production Configuration
+
+```yaml
+# otel-collector-prod.yaml
+# Production configuration with filtering, sampling, and multiple backends
+
+receivers:
+  otlp:
+    protocols:
+      grpc:
+        endpoint: 0.0.0.0:4317
+        tls:
+          cert_file: /etc/otel/server.crt
+          key_file: /etc/otel/server.key
+          ca_file: /etc/otel/ca.crt
+
+processors:
+  # Memory limiter to prevent OOM
+  memory_limiter:
+    check_interval: 1s
+    limit_mib: 1000
+    spike_limit_mib: 200
+
+  # Batch processing for efficiency
+  batch:
+    timeout: 5s
+    send_batch_size: 512
+    send_batch_max_size: 1024
+
+  # Tail-based sampling (keep errors and slow traces)
+  tail_sampling:
+    decision_wait: 10s
+    num_traces: 100000
+    expected_new_traces_per_sec: 1000
+    policies:
+      # Always keep error traces
+      - name: errors
+        type: status_code
+        status_code:
+          status_codes: [ERROR]
+      # Keep slow consensus rounds (>5s)
+      - name: slow-consensus
+        type: latency
+        latency:
+          threshold_ms: 5000
+      # Keep slow RPC requests (>1s)
+      - name: slow-rpc
+        type: and
+        and:
+          and_sub_policy:
+            - name: rpc-spans
+              type: string_attribute
+              string_attribute:
+                key: command
+                values: [".*"]
+                enabled_regex_matching: true
+            - name: latency
+              type: latency
+              latency:
+                threshold_ms: 1000
+      # Probabilistic sampling for the rest
+      - name: probabilistic
+        type: probabilistic
+        probabilistic:
+          sampling_percentage: 10
+
+  # Attribute processing
+  attributes:
+    actions:
+      # Hash sensitive data
+      - key: xrpl.tx.account
+        action: hash
+      # Add deployment info
+      - key: deployment.environment
+        value: production
+        action: upsert
+
+exporters:
+  # Grafana Tempo for long-term storage
+  otlp/tempo:
+    endpoint: tempo.monitoring:4317
+    tls:
+      insecure: false
+      ca_file: /etc/otel/tempo-ca.crt
+
+  # Elastic APM for correlation with logs
+  otlp/elastic:
+    endpoint: apm.elastic:8200
+    headers:
+      Authorization: "Bearer ${ELASTIC_APM_TOKEN}"
+
+extensions:
+  health_check:
+    endpoint: 0.0.0.0:13133
+  zpages:
+    endpoint: 0.0.0.0:55679
+
+service:
+  extensions: [health_check, zpages]
+  pipelines:
+    traces:
+      receivers: [otlp]
+      processors: [memory_limiter, tail_sampling, attributes, batch]
+      exporters: [otlp/tempo, otlp/elastic]
+```
+
+---
+
+## 5.6 Docker Compose Development Environment
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+```yaml
+# docker-compose-telemetry.yaml
+version: "3.8"
+
+services:
+  # OpenTelemetry Collector
+  otel-collector:
+    image: otel/opentelemetry-collector-contrib:0.92.0
+    container_name: otel-collector
+    command: ["--config=/etc/otel-collector-config.yaml"]
+    volumes:
+      - ./otel-collector-dev.yaml:/etc/otel-collector-config.yaml:ro
+    ports:
+      - "4317:4317" # OTLP gRPC
+      - "4318:4318" # OTLP HTTP
+      - "13133:13133" # Health check
+    depends_on:
+      - tempo
+
+  # Tempo for trace storage
+  tempo:
+    image: grafana/tempo:2.6.1
+    container_name: tempo
+    ports:
+      - "3200:3200" # Tempo HTTP API
+      - "4317" # OTLP gRPC (internal)
+
+  # Grafana for dashboards
+  grafana:
+    image: grafana/grafana:10.2.3
+    container_name: grafana
+    environment:
+      - GF_AUTH_ANONYMOUS_ENABLED=true
+      - GF_AUTH_ANONYMOUS_ORG_ROLE=Admin
+    volumes:
+      - ./grafana/provisioning:/etc/grafana/provisioning:ro
+      - ./grafana/dashboards:/var/lib/grafana/dashboards:ro
+    ports:
+      - "3000:3000"
+    depends_on:
+      - tempo
+
+  # Prometheus for metrics (optional, for correlation)
+  prometheus:
+    image: prom/prometheus:v2.48.1
+    container_name: prometheus
+    volumes:
+      - ./prometheus.yaml:/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml:ro
+    ports:
+      - "9090:9090"
+
+networks:
+  default:
+    name: xrpld-telemetry
+```
+
+---
+
+## 5.7 Configuration Architecture
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph config["Configuration Sources"]
+        cfgFile["xrpld.cfg<br/>[telemetry] section"]
+        cmake["CMake<br/>XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph init["Initialization"]
+        parse["setupTelemetry()"]
+        factory["makeTelemetry()"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph runtime["Runtime Components"]
+        tracer["TracerProvider"]
+        exporter["OTLP Exporter"]
+        processor["BatchProcessor"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph collector["Collector Pipeline"]
+        recv["Receivers"]
+        proc["Processors"]
+        exp["Exporters"]
+    end
+
+    cfgFile --> parse
+    cmake -->|"compile flag"| parse
+    parse --> factory
+    factory --> tracer
+    tracer --> processor
+    processor --> exporter
+    exporter -->|"OTLP"| recv
+    recv --> proc
+    proc --> exp
+
+    style config fill:#e3f2fd,stroke:#1976d2
+    style runtime fill:#e8f5e9,stroke:#388e3c
+    style collector fill:#fff3e0,stroke:#ff9800
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **Configuration Sources**: `xrpld.cfg` provides runtime settings (endpoint, sampling) while the CMake flag controls whether telemetry is compiled in at all.
+- **Initialization**: `setupTelemetry()` parses config values, then `makeTelemetry()` constructs the provider, processor, and exporter objects.
+- **Runtime Components**: The `TracerProvider` creates spans, the `BatchProcessor` buffers them, and the `OTLP Exporter` serializes and sends them over the wire.
+- **OTLP arrow to Collector**: Trace data leaves the xrpld process via OTLP (gRPC or HTTP) and enters the external Collector pipeline.
+- **Collector Pipeline**: `Receivers` ingest OTLP data, `Processors` apply sampling/filtering/enrichment, and `Exporters` forward traces to storage backends (Tempo, etc.).
+
+---
+
+## 5.8 Grafana Integration
+
+> **APM** = Application Performance Monitoring
+
+Step-by-step instructions for integrating xrpld traces with Grafana.
+
+### 5.8.1 Data Source Configuration
+
+#### Tempo (Recommended)
+
+```yaml
+# grafana/provisioning/datasources/tempo.yaml
+apiVersion: 1
+
+datasources:
+  - name: Tempo
+    type: tempo
+    access: proxy
+    url: http://tempo:3200
+    jsonData:
+      httpMethod: GET
+      tracesToLogs:
+        datasourceUid: loki
+        tags: ["service.name", "xrpl.tx.hash"]
+        mappedTags: [{ key: "trace_id", value: "traceID" }]
+        mapTagNamesEnabled: true
+        filterByTraceID: true
+      serviceMap:
+        datasourceUid: prometheus
+      nodeGraph:
+        enabled: true
+      search:
+        hide: false
+      lokiSearch:
+        datasourceUid: loki
+```
+
+#### Elastic APM
+
+```yaml
+# grafana/provisioning/datasources/elastic-apm.yaml
+apiVersion: 1
+
+datasources:
+  - name: Elasticsearch-APM
+    type: elasticsearch
+    access: proxy
+    url: http://elasticsearch:9200
+    database: "apm-*"
+    jsonData:
+      esVersion: "8.0.0"
+      timeField: "@timestamp"
+      logMessageField: message
+      logLevelField: log.level
+```
+
+### 5.8.2 Dashboard Provisioning
+
+```yaml
+# grafana/provisioning/dashboards/dashboards.yaml
+apiVersion: 1
+
+providers:
+  - name: "xrpld-dashboards"
+    orgId: 1
+    folder: "xrpld"
+    folderUid: "xrpld"
+    type: file
+    disableDeletion: false
+    updateIntervalSeconds: 30
+    options:
+      path: /var/lib/grafana/dashboards/rippled
+```
+
+### 5.8.3 Example Dashboard: RPC Performance
+
+```json
+{
+  "title": "xrpld RPC Performance",
+  "uid": "xrpld-rpc-performance",
+  "panels": [
+    {
+      "title": "RPC Latency by Command",
+      "type": "heatmap",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\" && span.command != \"\"} | histogram_over_time(duration) by (span.command)"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 8, "w": 12, "x": 0, "y": 0 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "RPC Error Rate",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\" && status.code=error} | rate() by (span.command)"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 8, "w": 12, "x": 12, "y": 0 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Top 10 Slowest RPC Commands",
+      "type": "table",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\" && span.command != \"\"} | avg(duration) by (span.command) | topk(10)"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 8, "w": 24, "x": 0, "y": 8 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Recent Traces",
+      "type": "table",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\"}"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 8, "w": 24, "x": 0, "y": 16 }
+    }
+  ]
+}
+```
+
+### 5.8.4 Example Dashboard: Transaction Tracing
+
+```json
+{
+  "title": "xrpld Transaction Tracing",
+  "uid": "xrpld-tx-tracing",
+  "panels": [
+    {
+      "title": "Transaction Throughput",
+      "type": "stat",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\" && name=\"tx.receive\"} | rate()"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 4, "w": 6, "x": 0, "y": 0 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Cross-Node Relay Count",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\" && name=\"tx.relay\"} | avg(span.xrpl.tx.relay_count)"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 8, "w": 12, "x": 0, "y": 4 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Transaction Validation Errors",
+      "type": "table",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\" && name=\"tx.validate\" && status.code=error}"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 8, "w": 12, "x": 12, "y": 4 }
+    }
+  ]
+}
+```
+
+### 5.8.5 TraceQL Query Examples
+
+Common queries for xrpld traces:
+
+```
+# Find all traces for a specific transaction hash
+{resource.service.name="xrpld" && span.xrpl.tx.hash="ABC123..."}
+
+# Find slow RPC commands (>100ms)
+{resource.service.name="xrpld" && name=~"rpc.command.*"} | duration > 100ms
+
+# Find consensus rounds taking >5 seconds
+{resource.service.name="xrpld" && name="consensus.round"} | duration > 5s
+
+# Find failed transactions with error details
+{resource.service.name="xrpld" && name="tx.validate" && status.code=error}
+
+# Find transactions relayed to many peers
+{resource.service.name="xrpld" && name="tx.relay"} | span.xrpl.tx.relay_count > 10
+
+# Compare latency across nodes
+{resource.service.name="xrpld" && name="rpc.command.account_info"} | avg(duration) by (resource.service.instance.id)
+```
+
+### 5.8.6 Correlation with PerfLog
+
+To correlate OpenTelemetry traces with existing PerfLog data:
+
+**Step 1: Configure Loki to ingest PerfLog**
+
+```yaml
+# promtail-config.yaml
+scrape_configs:
+  - job_name: xrpld-perflog
+    static_configs:
+      - targets:
+          - localhost
+        labels:
+          job: xrpld
+          __path__: /var/log/rippled/perf*.log
+    pipeline_stages:
+      - json:
+          expressions:
+            trace_id: trace_id
+            ledger_seq: ledger_seq
+            tx_hash: tx_hash
+      - labels:
+          trace_id:
+          ledger_seq:
+          tx_hash:
+```
+
+**Step 2: Add trace_id to PerfLog entries**
+
+Modify PerfLog to include trace_id when available:
+
+```cpp
+// In PerfLog output, add trace_id from current span context
+void logPerf(Json::Value& entry) {
+    auto span = opentelemetry::trace::GetSpan(
+        opentelemetry::context::RuntimeContext::GetCurrent());
+    if (span && span->GetContext().IsValid()) {
+        char traceIdHex[33];
+        span->GetContext().trace_id().ToLowerBase16(traceIdHex);
+        entry["trace_id"] = std::string(traceIdHex, 32);
+    }
+    // ... existing logging
+}
+```
+
+**Step 3: Configure Grafana trace-to-logs link**
+
+In Tempo data source configuration, set up the derived field:
+
+```yaml
+jsonData:
+  tracesToLogs:
+    datasourceUid: loki
+    tags: ["trace_id", "xrpl.tx.hash"]
+    filterByTraceID: true
+    filterBySpanID: false
+```
+
+### 5.8.7 Correlation with Insight/OTel System Metrics
+
+To correlate traces with Beast Insight system metrics:
+
+**Step 1: Export Insight metrics to Prometheus**
+
+Beast Insight metrics are exported natively via OTLP to the OTel Collector,
+which exposes them on the Prometheus endpoint alongside spanmetrics. No
+separate StatsD exporter is needed when using `server=otel`.
+
+```ini
+# xrpld.cfg — native OTel metrics (recommended)
+[insight]
+server=otel
+endpoint=http://localhost:4318/v1/metrics
+prefix=xrpld
+```
+
+**Step 2: Add exemplars to metrics**
+
+OpenTelemetry SDK automatically adds exemplars (trace IDs) to metrics when using the Prometheus exporter. This links metrics spikes to specific traces.
+
+**Step 3: Configure Grafana metric-to-trace link**
+
+```yaml
+# In Prometheus data source
+jsonData:
+  exemplarTraceIdDestinations:
+    - name: trace_id
+      datasourceUid: tempo
+```
+
+**Step 4: Dashboard panel with exemplars**
+
+```json
+{
+  "title": "RPC Latency with Trace Links",
+  "type": "timeseries",
+  "datasource": "Prometheus",
+  "targets": [
+    {
+      "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.99, rate(xrpld_rpc_duration_seconds_bucket[5m]))",
+      "exemplar": true
+    }
+  ]
+}
+```
+
+This allows clicking on metric data points to jump directly to the related trace.
+
+---
+
+_Previous: [Code Samples](./04-code-samples.md)_ | _Next: [Implementation Phases](./06-implementation-phases.md)_ | _Back to: [Overview](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)_

OpenTelemetryPlan/07-observability-backends.md

@@ -0,0 +1,641 @@
+# Observability Backend Recommendations
+
+> **Parent Document**: [OpenTelemetryPlan.md](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)
+> **Related**: [Implementation Phases](./06-implementation-phases.md) | [Appendix](./08-appendix.md)
+
+---
+
+## 7.1 Development/Testing Backends
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+| Backend    | Pros                                | Cons                   | Use Case            |
+| ---------- | ----------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------- |
+| **Tempo**  | Cost-effective, Grafana integration | Requires Grafana stack | Local dev, CI, Prod |
+| **Zipkin** | Simple, lightweight                 | Basic features         | Quick prototyping   |
+
+### Quick Start with Tempo
+
+```bash
+# Start Tempo with OTLP support
+docker run -d --name tempo \
+    -p 3200:3200 \
+    -p 4317:4317 \
+    -p 4318:4318 \
+    grafana/tempo:2.6.1
+```
+
+---
+
+## 7.2 Production Backends
+
+> **APM** = Application Performance Monitoring
+
+| Backend           | Pros                                      | Cons                   | Use Case                    |
+| ----------------- | ----------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------- |
+| **Grafana Tempo** | Cost-effective, Grafana integration       | Requires Grafana stack | Most production deployments |
+| **Elastic APM**   | Full observability stack, log correlation | Resource intensive     | Existing Elastic users      |
+| **Honeycomb**     | Excellent query, high cardinality         | SaaS cost              | Deep debugging needs        |
+| **Datadog APM**   | Full platform, easy setup                 | SaaS cost              | Enterprise with budget      |
+
+### Backend Selection Flowchart
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TD
+    start[Select Backend] --> budget{Budget<br/>Constraints?}
+
+    budget -->|Yes| oss[Open Source]
+    budget -->|No| saas{Prefer<br/>SaaS?}
+
+    oss --> existing{Existing<br/>Stack?}
+    existing -->|Grafana| tempo[Grafana Tempo]
+    existing -->|Elastic| elastic[Elastic APM]
+    existing -->|None| tempo
+
+    saas -->|Yes| enterprise{Enterprise<br/>Support?}
+    saas -->|No| oss
+
+    enterprise -->|Yes| datadog[Datadog APM]
+    enterprise -->|No| honeycomb[Honeycomb]
+
+    tempo --> final[Configure Collector]
+    elastic --> final
+    honeycomb --> final
+    datadog --> final
+
+    style start fill:#0f172a,stroke:#020617,color:#fff
+    style budget fill:#334155,stroke:#1e293b,color:#fff
+    style oss fill:#1e293b,stroke:#0f172a,color:#fff
+    style existing fill:#334155,stroke:#1e293b,color:#fff
+    style saas fill:#334155,stroke:#1e293b,color:#fff
+    style enterprise fill:#334155,stroke:#1e293b,color:#fff
+    style final fill:#0f172a,stroke:#020617,color:#fff
+    style tempo fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style elastic fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style honeycomb fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style datadog fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **Budget Constraints? (Yes)**: Leads to open-source options. If you already run Grafana or Elastic, pick the matching backend; otherwise default to Grafana Tempo.
+- **Budget Constraints? (No) → Prefer SaaS?**: If you want a managed service, choose between Datadog (enterprise support) and Honeycomb (developer-focused). If not, fall back to open-source.
+- **Terminal nodes (Tempo / Elastic / Honeycomb / Datadog)**: Each represents a concrete backend choice, all of which feed into the same final step.
+- **Configure Collector**: Regardless of backend, you always finish by configuring the OTel Collector to export to your chosen destination.
+
+---
+
+## 7.3 Recommended Production Architecture
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol | **APM** = Application Performance Monitoring | **HA** = High Availability
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph validators["Validator Nodes"]
+        v1[xrpld<br/>Validator 1]
+        v2[xrpld<br/>Validator 2]
+    end
+
+    subgraph stock["Stock Nodes"]
+        s1[xrpld<br/>Stock 1]
+        s2[xrpld<br/>Stock 2]
+    end
+
+    subgraph collector["OTel Collector Cluster"]
+        c1[Collector<br/>DC1]
+        c2[Collector<br/>DC2]
+    end
+
+    subgraph backends["Storage Backends"]
+        tempo[(Grafana<br/>Tempo)]
+        elastic[(Elastic<br/>APM)]
+        archive[(S3/GCS<br/>Archive)]
+    end
+
+    subgraph ui["Visualization"]
+        grafana[Grafana<br/>Dashboards]
+    end
+
+    v1 -->|OTLP| c1
+    v2 -->|OTLP| c1
+    s1 -->|OTLP| c2
+    s2 -->|OTLP| c2
+
+    c1 --> tempo
+    c1 --> elastic
+    c2 --> tempo
+    c2 --> archive
+
+    tempo --> grafana
+    elastic --> grafana
+
+    %% Note: simplified single-collector-per-DC topology shown for clarity
+
+    style validators fill:#b71c1c,stroke:#7f1d1d,color:#ffffff
+    style stock fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#ffffff
+    style collector fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#ffffff
+    style backends fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#ffffff
+    style ui fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#ffffff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **Validator / Stock Nodes**: All xrpld nodes emit trace data via OTLP. Validators and stock nodes are grouped separately because they may reside in different network zones.
+- **Collector Cluster (DC1, DC2)**: Regional collectors receive OTLP from nodes in their datacenter, apply processing (sampling, enrichment), and fan out to multiple backends.
+- **Storage Backends**: Tempo and Elastic provide queryable trace storage; S3/GCS Archive provides long-term cold storage for compliance or post-incident analysis.
+- **Grafana Dashboards**: The single visualization layer that queries both Tempo and Elastic, giving operators a unified view of all traces.
+- **Data flow direction**: Nodes → Collectors → Storage → Grafana. Each arrow represents a network hop; minimizing collector-to-backend hops reduces latency.
+
+> **Note**: Production deployments should use multiple collector instances behind a load balancer for high availability. The diagram shows a simplified single-collector topology for clarity.
+
+---
+
+## 7.4 Architecture Considerations
+
+### 7.4.1 Collector Placement
+
+| Strategy      | Description          | Pros                     | Cons                    |
+| ------------- | -------------------- | ------------------------ | ----------------------- |
+| **Sidecar**   | Collector per node   | Isolation, simple config | Resource overhead       |
+| **DaemonSet** | Collector per host   | Shared resources         | Complexity              |
+| **Gateway**   | Central collector(s) | Centralized processing   | Single point of failure |
+
+**Recommendation**: Use **Gateway** pattern with regional collectors for xrpld networks:
+
+- One collector cluster per datacenter/region
+- Tail-based sampling at collector level
+- Multiple export destinations for redundancy
+
+### 7.4.2 Sampling Strategy
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart LR
+    subgraph head["Head Sampling (Node)"]
+        hs[Node-level head sampling<br/>configurable, default: 100%<br/>recommended production: 10%]
+    end
+
+    subgraph tail["Tail Sampling (Collector)"]
+        ts1[Keep all errors]
+        ts2[Keep slow >5s]
+        ts3[Keep 10% rest]
+    end
+
+    head --> tail
+
+    ts1 --> final[Final Traces]
+    ts2 --> final
+    ts3 --> final
+
+    style head fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style tail fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style hs fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style ts1 fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style ts2 fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style ts3 fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style final fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **Head Sampling (Node)**: The first filter -- each xrpld node decides whether to sample a trace at creation time (default 100%, recommended 10% in production). This controls the volume leaving the node.
+- **Tail Sampling (Collector)**: The second filter -- the collector inspects completed traces and applies rules: keep all errors, keep anything slower than 5 seconds, and keep 10% of the remainder.
+- **Arrow head → tail**: All head-sampled traces flow to the collector, where tail sampling further reduces volume while preserving the most valuable data.
+- **Final Traces**: The output after both sampling stages; this is what gets stored and queried. The two-stage approach balances cost with debuggability.
+
+### 7.4.3 Data Retention
+
+| Environment | Hot Storage | Warm Storage | Cold Archive |
+| ----------- | ----------- | ------------ | ------------ |
+| Development | 24 hours    | N/A          | N/A          |
+| Staging     | 7 days      | N/A          | N/A          |
+| Production  | 7 days      | 30 days      | many years   |
+
+---
+
+## 7.5 Integration Checklist
+
+- [ ] Choose primary backend (Tempo recommended for cost/features)
+- [ ] Deploy collector cluster with high availability
+- [ ] Configure tail-based sampling for error/latency traces
+- [ ] Set up Grafana dashboards for trace visualization
+- [ ] Configure alerts for trace anomalies
+- [ ] Establish data retention policies
+- [ ] Test trace correlation with logs and metrics
+
+---
+
+## 7.6 Grafana Dashboard Examples
+
+Pre-built dashboards for xrpld observability.
+
+### 7.6.1 Consensus Health Dashboard
+
+```json
+{
+  "title": "xrpld Consensus Health",
+  "uid": "xrpld-consensus-health",
+  "tags": ["xrpld", "consensus", "tracing"],
+  "panels": [
+    {
+      "title": "Consensus Round Duration",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\" && name=\"consensus.round\"} | avg(duration) by (resource.service.instance.id)"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ms",
+          "thresholds": {
+            "steps": [
+              { "color": "green", "value": null },
+              { "color": "yellow", "value": 4000 },
+              { "color": "red", "value": 5000 }
+            ]
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "gridPos": { "h": 8, "w": 12, "x": 0, "y": 0 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Phase Duration Breakdown",
+      "type": "barchart",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\" && name=~\"consensus.phase.*\"} | avg(duration) by (name)"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 8, "w": 12, "x": 12, "y": 0 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Proposers per Round",
+      "type": "stat",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\" && name=\"consensus.round\"} | avg(span.xrpl.consensus.proposers)"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 4, "w": 6, "x": 0, "y": 8 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Recent Slow Rounds (>5s)",
+      "type": "table",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\" && name=\"consensus.round\"} | duration > 5s"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 8, "w": 24, "x": 0, "y": 12 }
+    }
+  ]
+}
+```
+
+### 7.6.2 Node Overview Dashboard
+
+```json
+{
+  "title": "xrpld Node Overview",
+  "uid": "xrpld-node-overview",
+  "panels": [
+    {
+      "title": "Active Nodes",
+      "type": "stat",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\"} | count_over_time() by (resource.service.instance.id) | count()"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 4, "w": 4, "x": 0, "y": 0 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Total Transactions (1h)",
+      "type": "stat",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\" && name=\"tx.receive\"} | count()"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 4, "w": 4, "x": 4, "y": 0 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Error Rate",
+      "type": "gauge",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\" && status.code=error} | rate() / {resource.service.name=\"xrpld\"} | rate() * 100"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "percent",
+          "max": 10,
+          "thresholds": {
+            "steps": [
+              { "color": "green", "value": null },
+              { "color": "yellow", "value": 1 },
+              { "color": "red", "value": 5 }
+            ]
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "gridPos": { "h": 4, "w": 4, "x": 8, "y": 0 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Service Map",
+      "type": "nodeGraph",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "gridPos": { "h": 12, "w": 12, "x": 12, "y": 0 }
+    }
+  ]
+}
+```
+
+### 7.6.3 Alert Rules
+
+```yaml
+# grafana/provisioning/alerting/rippled-alerts.yaml
+apiVersion: 1
+
+groups:
+  - name: xrpld-tracing-alerts
+    folder: xrpld
+    interval: 1m
+    rules:
+      - uid: consensus-slow
+        title: Consensus Round Slow
+        condition: A
+        data:
+          - refId: A
+            datasourceUid: tempo
+            model:
+              queryType: traceql
+              query: '{resource.service.name="xrpld" && name="consensus.round"} | avg(duration) > 5s'
+              # Note: Verify TraceQL aggregate queries are supported by your
+              # Tempo version. Aggregate alerting (e.g., avg(duration)) requires
+              # Tempo 2.3+ with TraceQL metrics enabled.
+        for: 5m
+        annotations:
+          summary: Consensus rounds taking >5 seconds
+          description: "Consensus duration: {{ $value }}ms"
+        labels:
+          severity: warning
+
+      - uid: rpc-error-spike
+        title: RPC Error Rate Spike
+        condition: B
+        data:
+          - refId: B
+            datasourceUid: tempo
+            model:
+              queryType: traceql
+              query: '{resource.service.name="xrpld" && name=~"rpc.command.*" && status.code=error} | rate() > 0.05'
+              # Note: Verify TraceQL aggregate queries are supported by your
+              # Tempo version. Aggregate alerting (e.g., rate()) requires
+              # Tempo 2.3+ with TraceQL metrics enabled.
+        for: 2m
+        annotations:
+          summary: RPC error rate >5%
+        labels:
+          severity: critical
+
+      - uid: tx-throughput-drop
+        title: Transaction Throughput Drop
+        condition: C
+        data:
+          - refId: C
+            datasourceUid: tempo
+            model:
+              queryType: traceql
+              query: '{resource.service.name="xrpld" && name="tx.receive"} | rate() < 10'
+        for: 10m
+        annotations:
+          summary: Transaction throughput below threshold
+        labels:
+          severity: warning
+```
+
+---
+
+## 7.7 PerfLog and Insight Correlation
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+How to correlate OpenTelemetry traces with existing xrpld observability.
+
+### 7.7.1 Correlation Architecture
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph xrpld["xrpld Node"]
+        otel[OpenTelemetry<br/>Spans]
+        perflog[PerfLog<br/>JSON Logs]
+        insight[Beast Insight<br/>StatsD Metrics]
+    end
+
+    subgraph collectors["Data Collection"]
+        otelc[OTel Collector]
+        promtail[Promtail/Fluentd]
+        statsd[StatsD Exporter]
+    end
+
+    subgraph storage["Storage"]
+        tempo[(Tempo)]
+        loki[(Loki)]
+        prom[(Prometheus)]
+    end
+
+    subgraph grafana["Grafana"]
+        traces[Trace View]
+        logs[Log View]
+        metrics[Metrics View]
+        corr[Correlation<br/>Panel]
+    end
+
+    otel -->|OTLP| otelc --> tempo
+    perflog -->|JSON| promtail --> loki
+    insight -->|StatsD| statsd --> prom
+
+    tempo --> traces
+    loki --> logs
+    prom --> metrics
+
+    traces --> corr
+    logs --> corr
+    metrics --> corr
+
+    style xrpld fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style collectors fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style storage fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style grafana fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+    style otel fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style perflog fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style insight fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style otelc fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style promtail fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style statsd fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style tempo fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style loki fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style prom fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style traces fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+    style logs fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+    style metrics fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+    style corr fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **xrpld Node (three sources)**: A single node emits three independent data streams -- OpenTelemetry spans, PerfLog JSON logs, and Beast Insight StatsD metrics.
+- **Data Collection layer**: Each stream has its own collector -- OTel Collector for spans, Promtail/Fluentd for logs, and a StatsD exporter for metrics. They operate independently.
+- **Storage layer (Tempo, Loki, Prometheus)**: Each data type lands in a purpose-built store optimized for its query patterns (trace search, log grep, metric aggregation).
+- **Grafana Correlation Panel**: The key integration point -- Grafana queries all three stores and links them via shared fields (`trace_id`, `xrpl.tx.hash`, `ledger_seq`), enabling a single-pane debugging experience.
+
+### 7.7.2 Correlation Fields
+
+| Source      | Field                       | Link To       | Purpose                    |
+| ----------- | --------------------------- | ------------- | -------------------------- |
+| **Trace**   | `trace_id`                  | Logs          | Find log entries for trace |
+| **Trace**   | `xrpl.tx.hash`              | Logs, Metrics | Find TX-related data       |
+| **Trace**   | `xrpl.consensus.ledger.seq` | Logs          | Find ledger-related logs   |
+| **PerfLog** | `trace_id` (new)            | Traces        | Jump to trace from log     |
+| **PerfLog** | `ledger_seq`                | Traces        | Find consensus trace       |
+| **Insight** | `exemplar.trace_id`         | Traces        | Jump from metric spike     |
+
+### 7.7.3 Example: Debugging a Slow Transaction
+
+**Step 1: Find the trace**
+
+```
+# In Grafana Explore with Tempo
+{resource.service.name="xrpld" && span.xrpl.tx.hash="ABC123..."}
+```
+
+**Step 2: Get the trace_id from the trace view**
+
+```
+Trace ID: 4bf92f3577b34da6a3ce929d0e0e4736
+```
+
+**Step 3: Find related PerfLog entries**
+
+```
+# In Grafana Explore with Loki
+{job="xrpld"} |= "4bf92f3577b34da6a3ce929d0e0e4736"
+```
+
+**Step 4: Check Insight metrics for the time window**
+
+```
+# In Grafana with Prometheus
+rate(xrpld_tx_applied_total[1m])
+  @ timestamp_from_trace
+```
+
+### 7.7.4 Unified Dashboard Example
+
+```json
+{
+  "title": "xrpld Unified Observability",
+  "uid": "xrpld-unified",
+  "panels": [
+    {
+      "title": "Transaction Latency (Traces)",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\" && name=\"tx.receive\"} | histogram_over_time(duration)"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 6, "w": 8, "x": 0, "y": 0 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Transaction Rate (Metrics)",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "datasource": "Prometheus",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "expr": "rate(xrpld_tx_received_total[5m])",
+          "legendFormat": "{{ instance }}"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "links": [
+            {
+              "title": "View traces",
+              "url": "/explore?left={\"datasource\":\"Tempo\",\"query\":\"{resource.service.name=\\\"xrpld\\\" && name=\\\"tx.receive\\\"}\"}"
+            }
+          ]
+        }
+      },
+      "gridPos": { "h": 6, "w": 8, "x": 8, "y": 0 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Recent Logs",
+      "type": "logs",
+      "datasource": "Loki",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "expr": "{job=\"xrpld\"} | json"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 6, "w": 8, "x": 16, "y": 0 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Trace Search",
+      "type": "table",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\"}"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "overrides": [
+          {
+            "matcher": { "id": "byName", "options": "traceID" },
+            "properties": [
+              {
+                "id": "links",
+                "value": [
+                  {
+                    "title": "View trace",
+                    "url": "/explore?left={\"datasource\":\"Tempo\",\"query\":\"${__value.raw}\"}"
+                  },
+                  {
+                    "title": "View logs",
+                    "url": "/explore?left={\"datasource\":\"Loki\",\"query\":\"{job=\\\"xrpld\\\"} |= \\\"${__value.raw}\\\"\"}"
+                  }
+                ]
+              }
+            ]
+          }
+        ]
+      },
+      "gridPos": { "h": 12, "w": 24, "x": 0, "y": 6 }
+    }
+  ]
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+_Previous: [Implementation Phases](./06-implementation-phases.md)_ | _Next: [Appendix](./08-appendix.md)_ | _Back to: [Overview](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)_

OpenTelemetryPlan/08-appendix.md

@@ -0,0 +1,266 @@
+# Appendix
+
+> **Parent Document**: [OpenTelemetryPlan.md](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)
+> **Related**: [Observability Backends](./07-observability-backends.md)
+
+---
+
+## 8.1 Glossary
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol | **TxQ** = Transaction Queue
+
+| Term                  | Definition                                                 |
+| --------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Span**              | A unit of work with start/end time, name, and attributes   |
+| **Trace**             | A collection of spans representing a complete request flow |
+| **Trace ID**          | 128-bit unique identifier for a trace                      |
+| **Span ID**           | 64-bit unique identifier for a span within a trace         |
+| **Context**           | Carrier for trace/span IDs across boundaries               |
+| **Propagator**        | Component that injects/extracts context                    |
+| **Sampler**           | Decides which traces to record                             |
+| **Exporter**          | Sends spans to backend                                     |
+| **Collector**         | Receives, processes, and forwards telemetry                |
+| **OTLP**              | OpenTelemetry Protocol (wire format)                       |
+| **W3C Trace Context** | Standard HTTP headers for trace propagation                |
+| **Baggage**           | Key-value pairs propagated across service boundaries       |
+| **Resource**          | Entity producing telemetry (service, host, etc.)           |
+| **Instrumentation**   | Code that creates telemetry data                           |
+
+### xrpld-Specific Terms
+
+| Term              | Definition                                                    |
+| ----------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Overlay**       | P2P network layer managing peer connections                   |
+| **Consensus**     | XRP Ledger consensus algorithm (RCL)                          |
+| **Proposal**      | Validator's suggested transaction set for a ledger            |
+| **Validation**    | Validator's signature on a closed ledger                      |
+| **HashRouter**    | Component for transaction deduplication                       |
+| **JobQueue**      | Thread pool for asynchronous task execution                   |
+| **PerfLog**       | Existing performance logging system in xrpld                  |
+| **Beast Insight** | Existing metrics framework in xrpld                           |
+| **PathFinding**   | Payment path computation engine for cross-currency payments   |
+| **TxQ**           | Transaction queue managing fee-based prioritization           |
+| **LoadManager**   | Dynamic fee escalation based on network load                  |
+| **SHAMap**        | SHA-256 hash-based map (Merkle trie variant) for ledger state |
+
+### Phase 9–11 Terms
+
+| Term                        | Definition                                                                |
+| --------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **MetricsRegistry**         | Centralized class for OTel async gauge registrations (Phase 9)            |
+| **ObservableGauge**         | OTel Metrics SDK async instrument polled via callback at fixed intervals  |
+| **PeriodicMetricReader**    | OTel SDK component that invokes gauge callbacks at configurable intervals |
+| **CountedObject**           | xrpld template that tracks live instance counts via atomic counters       |
+| **TxQ**                     | Transaction queue managing fee escalation and ordering                    |
+| **Load Factor**             | Combined multiplier affecting transaction cost (local, cluster, network)  |
+| **OTel Collector Receiver** | Custom Go plugin that polls xrpld RPC and emits OTel metrics (Phase 11)   |
+
+---
+
+## 8.2 Span Hierarchy Visualization
+
+> **TxQ** = Transaction Queue
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph trace["Trace: Transaction Lifecycle"]
+        rpc["rpc.request<br/>(entry point)"]
+        validate["tx.validate"]
+        relay["tx.relay<br/>(parent span)"]
+
+        subgraph peers["Peer Spans"]
+            p1["peer.send<br/>Peer A"]
+            p2["peer.send<br/>Peer B"]
+            p3["peer.send<br/>Peer C"]
+        end
+
+        subgraph pathfinding["PathFinding Spans"]
+            pathfind["pathfind.request"]
+            pathcomp["pathfind.compute"]
+        end
+
+        consensus["consensus.round"]
+        apply["tx.apply"]
+
+        subgraph txqueue["TxQ Spans"]
+            txq["txq.enqueue"]
+            txqApply["txq.apply"]
+        end
+
+        feeCalc["fee.escalate"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph validators["Validator Spans"]
+        valFetch["validator.list.fetch"]
+        valManifest["validator.manifest"]
+    end
+
+    rpc --> validate
+    rpc --> pathfind
+    pathfind --> pathcomp
+    validate --> relay
+    relay --> p1
+    relay --> p2
+    relay --> p3
+    p1 -.->|"context propagation"| consensus
+    consensus --> apply
+    apply --> txq
+    txq --> txqApply
+    txq --> feeCalc
+
+    style trace fill:#0f172a,stroke:#020617,color:#fff
+    style peers fill:#1e3a8a,stroke:#172554,color:#fff
+    style pathfinding fill:#134e4a,stroke:#0f766e,color:#fff
+    style txqueue fill:#064e3b,stroke:#047857,color:#fff
+    style validators fill:#4c1d95,stroke:#6d28d9,color:#fff
+    style rpc fill:#1d4ed8,stroke:#1e40af,color:#fff
+    style validate fill:#047857,stroke:#064e3b,color:#fff
+    style relay fill:#047857,stroke:#064e3b,color:#fff
+    style p1 fill:#0e7490,stroke:#155e75,color:#fff
+    style p2 fill:#0e7490,stroke:#155e75,color:#fff
+    style p3 fill:#0e7490,stroke:#155e75,color:#fff
+    style consensus fill:#fef3c7,stroke:#fde68a,color:#1e293b
+    style apply fill:#047857,stroke:#064e3b,color:#fff
+    style pathfind fill:#0e7490,stroke:#155e75,color:#fff
+    style pathcomp fill:#0e7490,stroke:#155e75,color:#fff
+    style txq fill:#047857,stroke:#064e3b,color:#fff
+    style txqApply fill:#047857,stroke:#064e3b,color:#fff
+    style feeCalc fill:#047857,stroke:#064e3b,color:#fff
+    style valFetch fill:#6d28d9,stroke:#4c1d95,color:#fff
+    style valManifest fill:#6d28d9,stroke:#4c1d95,color:#fff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **rpc.request (blue, top)**: The entry point — every traced transaction starts as an RPC call; this root span is the parent of all downstream work.
+- **tx.validate and pathfind.request (green/teal, first fork)**: The RPC request fans out into transaction validation and, for cross-currency payments, a PathFinding branch (`pathfind.request` -> `pathfind.compute`).
+- **tx.relay -> Peer Spans (teal, middle)**: After validation, the transaction is relayed to peers A, B, and C in parallel; each `peer.send` is a sibling child span showing fan-out across the network.
+- **context propagation (dashed arrow)**: The dotted line from `peer.send Peer A` to `consensus.round` represents the trace context crossing a node boundary — the receiving validator picks up the same `trace_id` and continues the trace.
+- **consensus.round -> tx.apply -> TxQ Spans (green, lower)**: Once consensus accepts the transaction, it is applied to the ledger; the TxQ spans (`txq.enqueue`, `txq.apply`, `fee.escalate`) capture queue depth and fee escalation behavior.
+- **Validator Spans (purple, detached)**: `validator.list.fetch` and `validator.manifest` are independent workflows for UNL management — they run on their own traces and are linked to consensus via Span Links, not parent-child relationships.
+
+---
+
+## 8.3 References
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+### OpenTelemetry Resources
+
+1. [OpenTelemetry C++ SDK](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-cpp)
+2. [OpenTelemetry Specification](https://opentelemetry.io/docs/specs/otel/)
+3. [OpenTelemetry Collector](https://opentelemetry.io/docs/collector/)
+4. [OTLP Protocol Specification](https://opentelemetry.io/docs/specs/otlp/)
+
+### Standards
+
+5. [W3C Trace Context](https://www.w3.org/TR/trace-context/)
+6. [W3C Baggage](https://www.w3.org/TR/baggage/)
+7. [Protocol Buffers](https://protobuf.dev/)
+
+### xrpld Resources
+
+8. [xrpld Source Code](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled)
+9. [XRP Ledger Documentation](https://xrpl.org/docs/)
+10. [xrpld Overlay README](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/blob/develop/src/xrpld/overlay/README.md)
+11. [xrpld RPC README](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/blob/develop/src/xrpld/rpc/README.md)
+12. [xrpld Consensus README](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/blob/develop/src/xrpld/app/consensus/README.md)
+
+---
+
+## 8.4 Version History
+
+| Version | Date       | Author | Changes                                                        |
+| ------- | ---------- | ------ | -------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| 1.0     | 2026-02-12 | -      | Initial implementation plan                                    |
+| 1.1     | 2026-02-13 | -      | Refactored into modular documents                              |
+| 1.2     | 2026-03-09 | -      | Added Phases 9–11 (future enhancement plans)                   |
+| 1.3     | 2026-03-24 | -      | Review fixes: accuracy corrections, cross-document consistency |
+
+---
+
+## 8.5 Document Index
+
+### Plan Documents
+
+| Document                                                             | Description                                        |
+| -------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------- |
+| [OpenTelemetryPlan.md](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)                       | Master overview and executive summary              |
+| [00-tracing-fundamentals.md](./00-tracing-fundamentals.md)           | Distributed tracing concepts and OTel primer       |
+| [01-architecture-analysis.md](./01-architecture-analysis.md)         | xrpld architecture and trace points                |
+| [02-design-decisions.md](./02-design-decisions.md)                   | SDK selection, exporters, span conventions         |
+| [03-implementation-strategy.md](./03-implementation-strategy.md)     | Directory structure, performance analysis          |
+| [04-code-samples.md](./04-code-samples.md)                           | C++ code examples for all components               |
+| [05-configuration-reference.md](./05-configuration-reference.md)     | xrpld config, CMake, Collector configs             |
+| [06-implementation-phases.md](./06-implementation-phases.md)         | Timeline, tasks, risks, success metrics            |
+| [07-observability-backends.md](./07-observability-backends.md)       | Backend selection and architecture                 |
+| [08-appendix.md](./08-appendix.md)                                   | Glossary, references, version history              |
+| [secure-OTel.md](./secure-OTel.md)                                   | Threat model and hardening (mTLS, peer validation) |
+| [09-data-collection-reference.md](./09-data-collection-reference.md) | Span/metric/dashboard inventory                    |
+| [presentation.md](./presentation.md)                                 | Slide deck for OTel plan overview                  |
+
+### Task Lists
+
+| Document                                                                   | Description                                         |
+| -------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------- |
+| [POC_taskList.md](./POC_taskList.md)                                       | Proof-of-concept telemetry integration              |
+| [Phase2_taskList.md](./Phase2_taskList.md)                                 | RPC layer trace instrumentation                     |
+| [Phase3_taskList.md](./Phase3_taskList.md)                                 | Peer overlay & consensus tracing                    |
+| [Phase4_taskList.md](./Phase4_taskList.md)                                 | Transaction lifecycle tracing                       |
+| [Phase5_taskList.md](./Phase5_taskList.md)                                 | Ledger processing & advanced tracing                |
+| [Phase5_IntegrationTest_taskList.md](./Phase5_IntegrationTest_taskList.md) | Observability stack integration tests               |
+| [Phase7_taskList.md](./Phase7_taskList.md)                                 | Native OTel metrics migration                       |
+| [Phase8_taskList.md](./Phase8_taskList.md)                                 | Log-trace correlation                               |
+| [Phase9_taskList.md](./Phase9_taskList.md)                                 | Internal metric instrumentation gap fill (future)   |
+| [Phase10_taskList.md](./Phase10_taskList.md)                               | Synthetic workload generation & validation (future) |
+| [Phase11_taskList.md](./Phase11_taskList.md)                               | Third-party data collection pipelines (future)      |
+| [presentation.md](./presentation.md)                                       | Presentation slides for OpenTelemetry plan overview |
+
+> **Note**: Phases 1 and 6 do not have separate task list files. Phase 1 tasks are documented in [06-implementation-phases.md §6.2](./06-implementation-phases.md). Phase 6 tasks are documented in [06-implementation-phases.md §6.7](./06-implementation-phases.md).
+
+---
+
+## 8.6 Phase 9–11 Cross-Reference Guide
+
+This guide maps Phase 9–11 content to its location across the documentation.
+
+### Phase 9: Internal Metric Instrumentation Gap Fill
+
+| Content                         | Location                                                                 |
+| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
+| Plan & architecture             | [06-implementation-phases.md §6.8.2](./06-implementation-phases.md)      |
+| Task list (10 tasks)            | [Phase9_taskList.md](./Phase9_taskList.md)                               |
+| Future metric definitions (~50) | [09-data-collection-reference.md §5b](./09-data-collection-reference.md) |
+| New class: `MetricsRegistry`    | `src/xrpld/telemetry/MetricsRegistry.h/.cpp` (planned)                   |
+| New dashboards                  | `xrpld-fee-market`, `xrpld-job-queue` (planned)                          |
+
+**Metric categories**: NodeStore I/O, Cache Hit Rates, TxQ, PerfLog Per-RPC, PerfLog Per-Job, Counted Objects, Fee Escalation & Load Factors.
+
+### Phase 10: Synthetic Workload Generation & Telemetry Validation
+
+| Content              | Location                                                                 |
+| -------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
+| Plan & architecture  | [06-implementation-phases.md §6.8.3](./06-implementation-phases.md)      |
+| Task list (7 tasks)  | [Phase10_taskList.md](./Phase10_taskList.md)                             |
+| Validation inventory | [09-data-collection-reference.md §5c](./09-data-collection-reference.md) |
+| Test harness         | `docker/telemetry/docker-compose.workload.yaml` (planned)                |
+| CI workflow          | `.github/workflows/telemetry-validation.yml` (planned)                   |
+
+**Validates**: 16 spans, 22 attributes, 300+ metrics, 10 dashboards, log-trace correlation.
+
+### Phase 11: Third-Party Data Collection Pipelines
+
+| Content                           | Location                                                                 |
+| --------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
+| Plan & architecture               | [06-implementation-phases.md §6.8.4](./06-implementation-phases.md)      |
+| Task list (11 tasks)              | [Phase11_taskList.md](./Phase11_taskList.md)                             |
+| External metric definitions (~30) | [09-data-collection-reference.md §5d](./09-data-collection-reference.md) |
+| Custom OTel Collector receiver    | `docker/telemetry/otel-rippled-receiver/` (planned)                      |
+| Prometheus alerting rules (11)    | [09-data-collection-reference.md §5d](./09-data-collection-reference.md) |
+| New dashboards (4)                | Validator Health, Network Topology, Fee Market (External), DEX & AMM     |
+
+**Consumer categories**: Exchanges, Payment Processors, DeFi/AMM, NFT Marketplaces, Analytics Providers, Wallets, Compliance, Academic Researchers, Institutional Custody, CBDC Bridge Operators.
+
+---
+
+_Previous: [Observability Backends](./07-observability-backends.md)_ | _Back to: [Overview](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)_

OpenTelemetryPlan/OpenTelemetryPlan.md

@@ -0,0 +1,258 @@
+# [OpenTelemetry](00-tracing-fundamentals.md) Distributed Tracing Implementation Plan for xrpld (xrpld)
+
+## Executive Summary
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+This document provides a comprehensive implementation plan for integrating OpenTelemetry distributed tracing into the xrpld XRP Ledger node software. The plan addresses the unique challenges of a decentralized peer-to-peer system where trace context must propagate across network boundaries between independent nodes.
+
+### Key Benefits
+
+- **End-to-end transaction visibility**: Track transactions from submission through consensus to ledger inclusion
+- **Consensus round analysis**: Understand timing and behavior of consensus phases across validators
+- **RPC performance insights**: Identify slow handlers and optimize response times
+- **Network topology understanding**: Visualize message propagation patterns between peers
+- **Incident debugging**: Correlate events across distributed nodes during issues
+
+### Estimated Performance Overhead
+
+| Metric        | Overhead   | Notes                               |
+| ------------- | ---------- | ----------------------------------- |
+| CPU           | 1-3%       | Span creation and attribute setting |
+| Memory        | 2-5 MB     | Batch buffer for pending spans      |
+| Network       | 10-50 KB/s | Compressed OTLP export to collector |
+| Latency (p99) | <2%        | With proper sampling configuration  |
+
+---
+
+## Document Structure
+
+This implementation plan is organized into modular documents for easier navigation:
+
+<div align="center">
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    overview["📋 OpenTelemetryPlan.md<br/>(This Document)"]
+
+    subgraph fundamentals["Fundamentals"]
+        fund["00-tracing-fundamentals.md"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph analysis["Analysis & Design"]
+        arch["01-architecture-analysis.md"]
+        design["02-design-decisions.md"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph impl["Implementation"]
+        strategy["03-implementation-strategy.md"]
+        code["04-code-samples.md"]
+        config["05-configuration-reference.md"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph deploy["Deployment & Planning"]
+        phases["06-implementation-phases.md"]
+        backends["07-observability-backends.md"]
+        appendix["08-appendix.md"]
+        secure["secure-OTel.md"]
+        poc["POC_taskList.md"]
+        dataref["09-data-collection-reference.md"]
+    end
+
+    overview --> fundamentals
+    overview --> analysis
+    overview --> impl
+    overview --> deploy
+
+    fund --> arch
+    arch --> design
+    design --> strategy
+    strategy --> code
+    code --> config
+    config --> phases
+    phases --> backends
+    backends --> appendix
+    backends --> secure
+    phases --> poc
+    appendix --> dataref
+
+    style overview fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff,stroke-width:2px
+    style fundamentals fill:#00695c,stroke:#004d40,color:#fff
+    style fund fill:#00695c,stroke:#004d40,color:#fff
+    style analysis fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style impl fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style deploy fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+    style arch fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style design fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style strategy fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style code fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style config fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style phases fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+    style backends fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+    style appendix fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+    style secure fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+    style poc fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+    style dataref fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+```
+
+</div>
+
+---
+
+## Table of Contents
+
+| Section | Document                                                       | Description                                                            |
+| ------- | -------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **0**   | [Tracing Fundamentals](./00-tracing-fundamentals.md)           | Distributed tracing concepts, span relationships, context propagation  |
+| **1**   | [Architecture Analysis](./01-architecture-analysis.md)         | xrpld component analysis, trace points, instrumentation priorities     |
+| **2**   | [Design Decisions](./02-design-decisions.md)                   | SDK selection, exporters, span naming, attributes, context propagation |
+| **3**   | [Implementation Strategy](./03-implementation-strategy.md)     | Directory structure, key principles, performance optimization          |
+| **4**   | [Code Samples](./04-code-samples.md)                           | C++ implementation examples for core infrastructure and key modules    |
+| **5**   | [Configuration Reference](./05-configuration-reference.md)     | xrpld config, CMake integration, Collector configurations              |
+| **6**   | [Implementation Phases](./06-implementation-phases.md)         | 5-phase timeline, tasks, risks, success metrics                        |
+| **7**   | [Observability Backends](./07-observability-backends.md)       | Backend selection guide and production architecture                    |
+| **8**   | [Appendix](./08-appendix.md)                                   | Glossary, references, version history                                  |
+| **9**   | [Data Collection Reference](./09-data-collection-reference.md) | Complete inventory of spans, attributes, metrics, and dashboards       |
+| **Sec** | [Securing the OTel Pipeline](./secure-OTel.md)                 | Threat model and hardening (mTLS, peer trace-context validation)       |
+| **POC** | [POC Task List](./POC_taskList.md)                             | Proof of concept tasks for RPC tracing end-to-end demo                 |
+
+---
+
+## 0. Tracing Fundamentals
+
+This document introduces distributed tracing concepts for readers unfamiliar with the domain. It covers what traces and spans are, how parent-child and follows-from relationships model causality, how context propagates across service boundaries, and how sampling controls data volume. It also maps these concepts to xrpld-specific scenarios like transaction relay and consensus.
+
+➡️ **[Read Tracing Fundamentals](./00-tracing-fundamentals.md)**
+
+---
+
+## 1. Architecture Analysis
+
+> **WS** = WebSocket | **TxQ** = Transaction Queue
+
+The xrpld node consists of several key components that require instrumentation for comprehensive distributed tracing. The main areas include the RPC server (HTTP/WebSocket), Overlay P2P network, Consensus mechanism (RCLConsensus), JobQueue for async task execution, PathFinding, Transaction Queue (TxQ), fee escalation (LoadManager), ledger acquisition, validator management, and existing observability infrastructure (PerfLog, Insight/StatsD, Journal logging).
+
+Key trace points span across transaction submission via RPC, peer-to-peer message propagation, consensus round execution, ledger building, path computation, transaction queue behavior, fee escalation, and validator health. The implementation prioritizes high-value, low-risk components first: RPC handlers provide immediate value with minimal risk, while consensus tracing requires careful implementation to avoid timing impacts.
+
+➡️ **[Read full Architecture Analysis](./01-architecture-analysis.md)**
+
+---
+
+## 2. Design Decisions
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol | **CNCF** = Cloud Native Computing Foundation
+
+The OpenTelemetry C++ SDK is selected for its CNCF backing, active development, and native performance characteristics. Traces are exported via OTLP/gRPC (primary) or OTLP/HTTP (fallback) to an OpenTelemetry Collector, which provides flexible routing and sampling.
+
+Span naming follows a hierarchical `<component>.<operation>` convention (e.g., `rpc.submit`, `tx.relay`, `consensus.round`). Context propagation uses W3C Trace Context headers for HTTP and embedded Protocol Buffer fields for P2P messages. The implementation coexists with existing PerfLog and Insight observability systems through correlation IDs.
+
+**Data Collection & Privacy**: Telemetry collects only operational metadata (timing, counts, hashes) — never sensitive content (private keys, balances, amounts, raw payloads). Privacy protection includes account hashing, configurable redaction, sampling, and collector-level filtering. Node operators retain full control over telemetry configuration.
+
+➡️ **[Read full Design Decisions](./02-design-decisions.md)**
+
+---
+
+## 3. Implementation Strategy
+
+The telemetry code is organized under `include/xrpl/telemetry/` for headers and `src/libxrpl/telemetry/` for implementation. Key principles include RAII-based span management via `SpanGuard` (with `discard()` for dropping unwanted spans), a `FilteringSpanProcessor` that intercepts `OnEnd()` to prevent discarded spans from entering the export pipeline, conditional compilation with `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY`, and minimal runtime overhead through batch processing and efficient sampling.
+
+Performance optimization strategies include probabilistic head sampling (10% default), tail-based sampling at the collector for errors and slow traces, batch export to reduce network overhead, and conditional instrumentation that compiles to no-ops when disabled.
+
+➡️ **[Read full Implementation Strategy](./03-implementation-strategy.md)**
+
+---
+
+## 4. Code Samples
+
+C++ implementation examples are provided for the core telemetry infrastructure and key modules:
+
+- `Telemetry.h` - Core interface for tracer access and span creation
+- `SpanGuard.h` - RAII wrapper for automatic span lifecycle management with `discard()` support
+- `DiscardFlag.h` - Thread-local flag for span discard signaling between SpanGuard and FilteringSpanProcessor
+- `SpanGuard.cpp` - Pimpl implementation confining all OTel SDK types
+- Protocol Buffer extensions for trace context propagation
+- Module-specific instrumentation (RPC, Consensus, P2P, JobQueue)
+- Remaining modules (PathFinding, TxQ, Validator, etc.) follow the same patterns
+
+➡️ **[View all Code Samples](./04-code-samples.md)**
+
+---
+
+## 5. Configuration Reference
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol | **APM** = Application Performance Monitoring
+
+Configuration is handled through the `[telemetry]` section in `xrpld.cfg` with options for enabling/disabling, exporter selection, endpoint configuration, sampling ratios, and component-level filtering. CMake integration includes a `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY` option for compile-time control.
+
+OpenTelemetry Collector configurations are provided for development and production (with tail-based sampling, Tempo, and Elastic APM). Docker Compose examples enable quick local development environment setup.
+
+➡️ **[View full Configuration Reference](./05-configuration-reference.md)**
+
+---
+
+## 6. Implementation Phases
+
+The implementation spans 13 weeks across 8 phases:
+
+| Phase | Duration    | Focus                 | Key Deliverables                                            |
+| ----- | ----------- | --------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------- |
+| 1     | Weeks 1-2   | Core Infrastructure   | SDK integration, Telemetry interface, Configuration         |
+| 2     | Weeks 3-4   | RPC Tracing           | HTTP context extraction, Handler instrumentation            |
+| 3     | Weeks 5-6   | Transaction Tracing   | Protocol Buffer context, Relay propagation                  |
+| 4     | Weeks 7-8   | Consensus Tracing     | Round spans, Proposal/validation tracing                    |
+| 5     | Week 9      | Documentation         | Runbook, Dashboards, Training                               |
+| 6     | Week 10     | StatsD Metrics Bridge | OTel Collector StatsD receiver, 3 Grafana dashboards        |
+| 7     | Weeks 11-12 | Native OTel Metrics   | OTelCollector impl, OTLP metrics export, StatsD deprecation |
+| 8     | Week 13     | Log-Trace Correlation | trace_id in logs, Loki ingestion, Tempo↔Loki linking        |
+
+**Total Effort**: 65.1 developer-days with 2 developers
+
+➡️ **[View full Implementation Phases](./06-implementation-phases.md)**
+
+---
+
+## 7. Observability Backends
+
+> **APM** = Application Performance Monitoring | **GCS** = Google Cloud Storage
+
+Grafana Tempo is recommended for all environments due to its cost-effectiveness and Grafana integration, while Elastic APM is ideal for organizations with existing Elastic infrastructure.
+
+The recommended production architecture uses a gateway collector pattern with regional collectors performing tail-based sampling, routing traces to multiple backends (Tempo for primary storage, Elastic for log correlation, S3/GCS for long-term archive).
+
+➡️ **[View Observability Backend Recommendations](./07-observability-backends.md)**
+
+---
+
+## 8. Appendix
+
+The appendix contains a glossary of OpenTelemetry and xrpld-specific terms, references to external documentation and specifications, version history for this implementation plan, and a complete document index.
+
+➡️ **[View Appendix](./08-appendix.md)**
+
+---
+
+## 9. Data Collection Reference
+
+A single-source-of-truth reference documenting every piece of telemetry data collected by xrpld. Covers all 16 OpenTelemetry spans with their 22 attributes, all StatsD metrics (gauges, counters, histograms, overlay traffic), SpanMetrics-derived Prometheus metrics, and all 10 Grafana dashboards. Includes Tempo search guides and Prometheus query examples.
+
+➡️ **[View Data Collection Reference](./09-data-collection-reference.md)**
+
+---
+
+## Securing the OTel Pipeline
+
+Threat model and hardening guidance for production deployments where xrpld nodes ship telemetry to a centrally-hosted collector across an untrusted network. Covers the two attack surfaces (collector ingress and peer trace-context spoofing) and the chosen defenses: mTLS as primary collector auth, NetworkPolicy as defense-in-depth, and source-side validation plus per-peer rate limiting for the `protocol::TraceContext` field on peer messages.
+
+➡️ **[View Securing the OTel Pipeline](./secure-OTel.md)**
+
+---
+
+## POC Task List
+
+A step-by-step task list for building a minimal end-to-end proof of concept that demonstrates distributed tracing in xrpld. The POC scope is limited to RPC tracing — showing request traces flowing from xrpld through an OpenTelemetry Collector into Tempo, viewable in Grafana.
+
+➡️ **[View POC Task List](./POC_taskList.md)**
+
+---
+
+_This document provides a comprehensive implementation plan for integrating OpenTelemetry distributed tracing into the xrpld XRP Ledger node software. For detailed information on any section, follow the links to the corresponding sub-documents._

OpenTelemetryPlan/POC_taskList.md

@@ -0,0 +1,628 @@
+# OpenTelemetry POC Task List
+
+> **Goal**: Build a minimal end-to-end proof of concept that demonstrates distributed tracing in xrpld. A successful POC will show RPC request traces flowing from xrpld through an OTel Collector into Tempo, viewable in Grafana.
+>
+> **Scope**: RPC tracing only (highest value, lowest risk per the [CRAWL phase](./06-implementation-phases.md#6102-quick-wins-immediate-value) in the implementation phases). No cross-node P2P context propagation or consensus tracing in the POC.
+
+### Related Plan Documents
+
+| Document                                                         | Relevance to POC                                                                                                                                        |
+| ---------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| [00-tracing-fundamentals.md](./00-tracing-fundamentals.md)       | Core concepts: traces, spans, context propagation, sampling                                                                                             |
+| [01-architecture-analysis.md](./01-architecture-analysis.md)     | RPC request flow (§1.5), key trace points (§1.6), instrumentation priority (§1.7)                                                                       |
+| [02-design-decisions.md](./02-design-decisions.md)               | SDK selection (§2.1), exporter config (§2.2), span naming (§2.3), attribute schema (§2.4), coexistence with PerfLog/Insight (§2.6)                      |
+| [03-implementation-strategy.md](./03-implementation-strategy.md) | Directory structure (§3.1), key principles (§3.2), performance overhead (§3.3-3.6), conditional compilation (§3.7.3), code intrusiveness (§3.9)         |
+| [04-code-samples.md](./04-code-samples.md)                       | Telemetry interface (§4.1), SpanGuard factory methods (§4.2-4.3), RPC instrumentation (§4.5.3)                                                          |
+| [05-configuration-reference.md](./05-configuration-reference.md) | xrpld config (§5.1), config parser (§5.2), Application integration (§5.3), CMake (§5.4), Collector config (§5.5), Docker Compose (§5.6), Grafana (§5.8) |
+| [06-implementation-phases.md](./06-implementation-phases.md)     | Phase 1 core tasks (§6.2), Phase 2 RPC tasks (§6.3), quick wins (§6.10), definition of done (§6.11)                                                     |
+| [07-observability-backends.md](./07-observability-backends.md)   | Tempo dev setup (§7.1), Grafana dashboards (§7.6), alert rules (§7.6.3)                                                                                 |
+
+---
+
+## Task 0: Docker Observability Stack Setup
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+**Objective**: Stand up the backend infrastructure to receive, store, and display traces.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Create `docker/telemetry/docker-compose.yml` in the repo with three services:
+  1. **OpenTelemetry Collector** (`otel/opentelemetry-collector-contrib:0.92.0`)
+     - Expose ports `4317` (OTLP gRPC) and `4318` (OTLP HTTP)
+     - Expose port `13133` (health check)
+     - Mount a config file `docker/telemetry/otel-collector-config.yaml`
+  2. **Tempo** (`grafana/tempo:2.6.1`)
+     - Expose port `3200` (HTTP API) and `4317` (OTLP gRPC, internal)
+  3. **Grafana** (`grafana/grafana:latest`) — optional but useful
+     - Expose port `3000`
+     - Enable anonymous admin access for local dev (`GF_AUTH_ANONYMOUS_ENABLED=true`, `GF_AUTH_ANONYMOUS_ORG_ROLE=Admin`)
+     - Provision Tempo as a data source via `docker/telemetry/grafana/provisioning/datasources/tempo.yaml`
+
+- Create `docker/telemetry/otel-collector-config.yaml`:
+
+  ```yaml
+  receivers:
+    otlp:
+      protocols:
+        grpc:
+          endpoint: 0.0.0.0:4317
+        http:
+          endpoint: 0.0.0.0:4318
+
+  processors:
+    batch:
+      timeout: 1s
+      send_batch_size: 100
+
+  exporters:
+    logging:
+      verbosity: detailed
+    otlp/tempo:
+      endpoint: tempo:4317
+      tls:
+        insecure: true
+
+  service:
+    pipelines:
+      traces:
+        receivers: [otlp]
+        processors: [batch]
+        exporters: [logging, otlp/tempo]
+  ```
+
+- Create Grafana Tempo datasource provisioning file at `docker/telemetry/grafana/provisioning/datasources/tempo.yaml`:
+  ```yaml
+  apiVersion: 1
+  datasources:
+    - name: Tempo
+      type: tempo
+      access: proxy
+      url: http://tempo:3200
+  ```
+
+**Verification**: Run `docker compose -f docker/telemetry/docker-compose.yml up -d`, then:
+
+- `curl http://localhost:13133` returns healthy (Collector)
+- `http://localhost:3000` opens Grafana (Tempo datasource available, no traces yet)
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [05-configuration-reference.md §5.5](./05-configuration-reference.md) — Collector config (dev YAML with Tempo exporter)
+- [05-configuration-reference.md §5.6](./05-configuration-reference.md) — Docker Compose development environment
+- [07-observability-backends.md §7.1](./07-observability-backends.md) — Tempo quick start and backend selection
+- [05-configuration-reference.md §5.8](./05-configuration-reference.md) — Grafana datasource provisioning and dashboards
+
+---
+
+## Task 1: Add OpenTelemetry C++ SDK Dependency
+
+**Objective**: Make `opentelemetry-cpp` available to the build system.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Edit `conanfile.py` to add `opentelemetry-cpp` as an **optional** dependency. The gRPC otel plugin flag (`"grpc/*:otel_plugin": False`) in the existing conanfile may need to remain false — we pull the OTel SDK separately.
+  - Add a Conan option: `with_telemetry = [True, False]` defaulting to `False`
+  - When `with_telemetry` is `True`, add `opentelemetry-cpp` to `self.requires()`
+  - Required OTel Conan components: `opentelemetry-cpp` (which bundles api, sdk, and exporters). If the package isn't in Conan Center, consider using `FetchContent` in CMake or building from source as a fallback.
+- Edit `CMakeLists.txt`:
+  - Add option: `option(XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY "Enable OpenTelemetry tracing" OFF)`
+  - When ON, `find_package(opentelemetry-cpp CONFIG REQUIRED)` and add compile definition `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY`
+  - When OFF, do nothing (zero build impact)
+- Verify the build succeeds with `-DXRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=OFF` (no regressions) and with `-DXRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=ON` (SDK links successfully).
+
+**Key files**:
+
+- `conanfile.py`
+- `CMakeLists.txt`
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [05-configuration-reference.md §5.4](./05-configuration-reference.md) — CMake integration, `FindOpenTelemetry.cmake`, `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY` option
+- [03-implementation-strategy.md §3.2](./03-implementation-strategy.md) — Key principle: zero-cost when disabled via compile-time flags
+- [02-design-decisions.md §2.1](./02-design-decisions.md) — SDK selection rationale and required OTel components
+
+---
+
+## Task 2: Create Core Telemetry Interface and NullTelemetry
+
+**Objective**: Define the `Telemetry` abstract interface and a no-op implementation so the rest of the codebase can reference telemetry without hard-depending on the OTel SDK.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Create `include/xrpl/telemetry/Telemetry.h`:
+  - Define `namespace xrpl::telemetry`
+  - Define `struct Telemetry::Setup` holding: `enabled`, `exporterEndpoint`, `samplingRatio`, `serviceName`, `serviceVersion`, `serviceInstanceId`, `traceRpc`, `traceTransactions`, `traceConsensus`, `tracePeer`
+  - Define abstract `class Telemetry` with:
+    - `virtual void start() = 0;`
+    - `virtual void stop() = 0;`
+    - `virtual bool isEnabled() const = 0;`
+    - `virtual nostd::shared_ptr<Tracer> getTracer(string_view name = "xrpld") = 0;`
+    - `virtual nostd::shared_ptr<Span> startSpan(string_view name, SpanKind kind = kInternal) = 0;`
+    - `virtual nostd::shared_ptr<Span> startSpan(string_view name, Context const& parentContext, SpanKind kind = kInternal) = 0;`
+    - `virtual bool shouldTraceRpc() const = 0;`
+    - `virtual bool shouldTraceTransactions() const = 0;`
+    - `virtual bool shouldTraceConsensus() const = 0;`
+  - Factory: `std::unique_ptr<Telemetry> makeTelemetry(Setup const&, beast::Journal);`
+  - Config parser: `Telemetry::Setup setupTelemetry(Section const&, std::string const& nodePublicKey, std::string const& version);`
+
+- Create `include/xrpl/telemetry/SpanGuard.h`:
+  - RAII guard with static factory methods (`rpcSpan()`, `txSpan()`, `consensusSpan()`, etc.) that access the global `Telemetry::getInstance()` singleton internally.
+  - Uses pimpl idiom to hide all OTel types -- the public header has zero `opentelemetry/` includes.
+  - Convenience instance methods: `setAttribute()`, `setOk()`, `setStatus()`, `addEvent()`, `recordException()`, `context()`, `discard()`
+  - When `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY` is not defined, the entire class compiles to a no-op stub.
+  - See [04-code-samples.md](./04-code-samples.md) §4.2-4.3 for the full API reference.
+
+- Create `src/libxrpl/telemetry/NullTelemetry.cpp`:
+  - Implements `Telemetry` with all no-ops.
+  - `isEnabled()` returns `false`, `startSpan()` returns a noop span.
+  - This is used when `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY` is OFF or `enabled=0` in config.
+
+- Guard all OTel SDK headers behind `#ifdef XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY`. The `NullTelemetry` implementation should compile without the OTel SDK present.
+
+**Key new files**:
+
+- `include/xrpl/telemetry/Telemetry.h`
+- `include/xrpl/telemetry/SpanGuard.h`
+- `src/libxrpl/telemetry/NullTelemetry.cpp`
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [04-code-samples.md §4.1](./04-code-samples.md) — Full `Telemetry` interface with `Setup` struct, lifecycle, tracer access, span creation, and component filtering methods
+- [04-code-samples.md §4.2-4.3](./04-code-samples.md) — SpanGuard with factory methods, pimpl design, no-op stub, and discard support
+- [03-implementation-strategy.md §3.1](./03-implementation-strategy.md) — Directory structure: `include/xrpl/telemetry/` for headers, `src/libxrpl/telemetry/` for implementation
+- [03-implementation-strategy.md §3.7.3](./03-implementation-strategy.md) — Conditional instrumentation and zero-cost compile-time disabled pattern
+
+---
+
+## Task 3: Implement OTel-Backed Telemetry
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+**Objective**: Implement the real `Telemetry` class that initializes the OTel SDK, configures the OTLP exporter and batch processor, and creates tracers/spans.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Create `src/libxrpl/telemetry/Telemetry.cpp` (compiled only when `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=ON`):
+  - `class TelemetryImpl : public Telemetry` that:
+    - In `start()`: creates a `TracerProvider` with:
+      - Resource attributes: `service.name`, `service.version`, `service.instance.id`
+      - An `OtlpHttpExporter` pointed at `setup.exporterEndpoint` (default `localhost:4318`)
+      - A `BatchSpanProcessor` with configurable batch size and delay
+      - A `TraceIdRatioBasedSampler` using `setup.samplingRatio`
+    - Sets the global `TracerProvider`
+    - In `stop()`: calls `ForceFlush()` then shuts down the provider
+    - In `startSpan()`: delegates to `getTracer()->StartSpan(name, ...)`
+    - `shouldTraceRpc()` etc. read from `Setup` fields
+
+- Create `src/libxrpl/telemetry/TelemetryConfig.cpp`:
+  - `setupTelemetry()` parses the `[telemetry]` config section from `xrpld.cfg`
+  - Maps config keys: `enabled`, `exporter`, `endpoint`, `sampling_ratio`, `trace_rpc`, `trace_transactions`, `trace_consensus`, `trace_peer`
+
+- Wire `makeTelemetry()` factory:
+  - If `setup.enabled` is true AND `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY` is defined: return `TelemetryImpl`
+  - Otherwise: return `NullTelemetry`
+
+- Add telemetry source files to CMake. When `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=ON`, compile `Telemetry.cpp` and `TelemetryConfig.cpp` and link against `opentelemetry-cpp::api`, `opentelemetry-cpp::sdk`, `opentelemetry-cpp::otlp_grpc_exporter`. When OFF, compile only `NullTelemetry.cpp`.
+
+**Key new files**:
+
+- `src/libxrpl/telemetry/Telemetry.cpp`
+- `src/libxrpl/telemetry/TelemetryConfig.cpp`
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `CMakeLists.txt` (add telemetry library target)
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [04-code-samples.md §4.1](./04-code-samples.md) — `Telemetry` interface that `TelemetryImpl` must implement
+- [05-configuration-reference.md §5.2](./05-configuration-reference.md) — `setupTelemetry()` config parser implementation
+- [02-design-decisions.md §2.2](./02-design-decisions.md) — OTLP/gRPC exporter config (endpoint, TLS options)
+- [02-design-decisions.md §2.4.1](./02-design-decisions.md) — Resource attributes: `service.name`, `service.version`, `service.instance.id`, `xrpl.network.id`
+- [03-implementation-strategy.md §3.4](./03-implementation-strategy.md) — Per-operation CPU costs and overhead budget for span creation
+- [03-implementation-strategy.md §3.5](./03-implementation-strategy.md) — Memory overhead: static (~456 KB) and dynamic (~1.2 MB) budgets
+
+---
+
+## Task 4: Integrate Telemetry into Application Lifecycle
+
+**Objective**: Wire the `Telemetry` object into the `ServiceRegistry` / `Application` so all components can access it.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Edit `include/xrpl/core/ServiceRegistry.h`:
+  - Forward-declare `namespace telemetry { class Telemetry; }` inside `namespace xrpl`
+  - Add pure virtual method: `virtual telemetry::Telemetry& getTelemetry() = 0;`
+  - (`Application` extends `ServiceRegistry`, so this is automatically available on `Application` too)
+
+- Edit `src/xrpld/app/main/Application.cpp` (the `ApplicationImp` class):
+  - Add member: `std::unique_ptr<telemetry::Telemetry> telemetry_;`
+  - In the member initializer list, construct telemetry with an empty
+    `serviceInstanceId` (node identity is not yet known):
+    ```cpp
+    , telemetry_(
+          telemetry::makeTelemetry(
+              telemetry::setupTelemetry(
+                  config_->section("telemetry"),
+                  "",  // Updated later via setServiceInstanceId()
+                  BuildInfo::getVersionString()),
+              logs_->journal("Telemetry")))
+    ```
+  - In `setup()`, after `nodeIdentity_` is resolved, inject the node
+    public key as the service instance ID:
+    ```cpp
+    if (!config_->section("telemetry").exists("service_instance_id"))
+        telemetry_->setServiceInstanceId(
+            toBase58(TokenType::NodePublic, nodeIdentity_->first));
+    ```
+  - In `start()`: call `telemetry_->start()`
+  - In `run()` (shutdown path): call `telemetry_->stop()` (to flush pending spans)
+  - Implement `getTelemetry()` override: return `*telemetry_`
+
+- Add `[telemetry]` section to the example config `cfg/xrpld-example.cfg`:
+  ```ini
+  # [telemetry]
+  # enabled=1
+  # endpoint=http://localhost:4318/v1/traces
+  # sampling_ratio=1.0
+  # trace_rpc=1
+  ```
+
+> **Access patterns**: Components holding `ServiceRegistry&` (e.g.
+> `NetworkOPsImp`) call `registry_.get().getTelemetry()`. Components
+> holding `Application&` (e.g. `ServerHandler`, `PeerImp`,
+> `RCLConsensusAdaptor`) call `app_.getTelemetry()` directly. Both
+> resolve to the same `Telemetry` instance.
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `include/xrpl/core/ServiceRegistry.h`
+- `src/xrpld/app/main/Application.cpp`
+- `cfg/xrpld-example.cfg` (example config)
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [05-configuration-reference.md §5.3](./05-configuration-reference.md) — `ApplicationImp` changes: member declaration, constructor init, `start()`/`stop()` wiring, `getTelemetry()` override
+- [05-configuration-reference.md §5.1](./05-configuration-reference.md) — `[telemetry]` config section format and all option defaults
+- [03-implementation-strategy.md §3.9.2](./03-implementation-strategy.md) — File impact assessment: `Application.cpp` ~15 lines added, ~3 changed (Low risk)
+
+---
+
+## Task 5: Add SpanGuard Factory Methods
+
+**Objective**: Add static factory methods to SpanGuard that provide type-safe, one-liner instrumentation and compile to zero-cost no-ops when telemetry is disabled. This replaces the earlier macro-based approach (`TracingInstrumentation.h` has been removed).
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Update `include/xrpl/telemetry/SpanGuard.h`:
+  - Add static factory methods that access the global `Telemetry::getInstance()` singleton and check the relevant component filter before creating a span:
+
+    ```cpp
+    // Each factory checks the global Telemetry instance internally.
+    // No Telemetry& reference needed at the call site.
+    auto span = telemetry::SpanGuard::rpcSpan("rpc.request");
+    span.setAttribute("command", command);
+    span.setAttribute("rpc_status", status);
+    ```
+
+  - Factory methods: `rpcSpan()`, `txSpan()`, `consensusSpan()`, `peerSpan()`, `ledgerSpan()`, `span()`
+  - Use the pimpl idiom to hide all OTel types from the public header (zero `opentelemetry/` includes)
+  - When `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY` is NOT defined, the entire class compiles to a no-op stub with empty inline method bodies
+
+- No separate `TracingInstrumentation.h` file is needed. All instrumentation call sites use `#include <xrpl/telemetry/SpanGuard.h>` directly.
+
+**Key modified file**:
+
+- `include/xrpl/telemetry/SpanGuard.h`
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [04-code-samples.md §4.3](./04-code-samples.md) — SpanGuard API reference: factory methods, usage patterns, compile-time disabled behavior, and discard support
+- [03-implementation-strategy.md §3.7.3](./03-implementation-strategy.md) — Conditional instrumentation pattern: factory methods handle compile-time and runtime checks internally
+- [03-implementation-strategy.md §3.9.7](./03-implementation-strategy.md) — Before/after code examples showing minimal intrusiveness (~1-3 lines per instrumentation point)
+
+---
+
+## Task 6: Instrument RPC ServerHandler
+
+> **WS** = WebSocket
+
+**Objective**: Add tracing to the HTTP RPC entry point so every incoming RPC request creates a span.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Edit `src/xrpld/rpc/detail/ServerHandler.cpp`:
+  - `#include <xrpl/telemetry/SpanGuard.h>`
+  - In `ServerHandler::onRequest(Session& session)`:
+    - At the top of the method, add: `auto span = telemetry::SpanGuard::rpcSpan("rpc.request");`
+    - After the RPC command name is extracted, set attribute: `span.setAttribute("command", command);`
+    - After the response status is known, set: `span.setAttribute("http.status_code", static_cast<int64_t>(statusCode));`
+    - Wrap error paths with: `span.recordException(e);`
+  - In `ServerHandler::processRequest(...)`:
+    - Add a child span: `auto span = telemetry::SpanGuard::rpcSpan("rpc.process");`
+    - Set method attribute: `span.setAttribute("method", request_method);`
+  - In `ServerHandler::onWSMessage(...)` (WebSocket path):
+    - Add: `auto span = telemetry::SpanGuard::rpcSpan("rpc.ws.message");`
+
+- The goal is to see spans like:
+  ```
+  rpc.request
+    └── rpc.process
+  ```
+  in Tempo/Grafana for every HTTP RPC call.
+
+**Key modified file**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/rpc/detail/ServerHandler.cpp` (~15-25 lines added)
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [04-code-samples.md §4.5.3](./04-code-samples.md) — Complete `ServerHandler::onRequest()` instrumented code sample using SpanGuard factory methods
+- [01-architecture-analysis.md §1.5](./01-architecture-analysis.md) — RPC request flow diagram: HTTP request -> attributes -> jobqueue.enqueue -> rpc.command -> response
+- [01-architecture-analysis.md §1.6](./01-architecture-analysis.md) — Key trace points table: `rpc.request` in `ServerHandler.cpp::onRequest()` (Priority: High)
+- [02-design-decisions.md §2.3](./02-design-decisions.md) — Span naming convention: `rpc.request`, `rpc.command.*`
+- [02-design-decisions.md §2.4.2](./02-design-decisions.md) — RPC span attributes: `command`, `version`, `rpc_role`, `xrpl.rpc.params`
+- [03-implementation-strategy.md §3.9.2](./03-implementation-strategy.md) — File impact: `ServerHandler.cpp` ~40 lines added, ~10 changed (Low risk)
+
+---
+
+## Task 7: Instrument RPC Command Execution
+
+**Objective**: Add per-command tracing inside the RPC handler so each command (e.g., `submit`, `account_info`, `server_info`) gets its own child span.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Edit `src/xrpld/rpc/detail/RPCHandler.cpp`:
+  - `#include <xrpl/telemetry/SpanGuard.h>`
+  - In `doCommand(RPC::JsonContext& context, Json::Value& result)`:
+    - At the top: `auto span = telemetry::SpanGuard::rpcSpan("rpc.command." + context.method);`
+    - Set attributes:
+      - `span.setAttribute("command", context.method);`
+      - `span.setAttribute("version", static_cast<int64_t>(context.apiVersion));`
+      - `span.setAttribute("rpc_role", (context.role == Role::ADMIN) ? "admin" : "user");`
+    - On success: `span.setAttribute("rpc_status", "success");`
+    - On error: `span.setAttribute("rpc_status", "error");` and set the error message
+
+- After this, traces in Tempo/Grafana should look like:
+  ```
+  rpc.request  (command=account_info)
+    └── rpc.process
+          └── rpc.command.account_info  (version=2, rpc_role=user, rpc_status=success)
+  ```
+
+**Key modified file**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/rpc/detail/RPCHandler.cpp` (~15-20 lines added)
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [04-code-samples.md §4.5.3](./04-code-samples.md) — `ServerHandler::onRequest()` code sample (includes child span pattern for `rpc.command.*`)
+- [02-design-decisions.md §2.3](./02-design-decisions.md) — Span naming: `rpc.command.*` pattern with dynamic command name (e.g., `rpc.command.server_info`)
+- [02-design-decisions.md §2.4.2](./02-design-decisions.md) — RPC attribute schema: `command`, `version`, `rpc_role`, `rpc_status`
+- [01-architecture-analysis.md §1.6](./01-architecture-analysis.md) — Key trace points table: `rpc.command.*` in `RPCHandler.cpp::doCommand()` (Priority: High)
+- [02-design-decisions.md §2.6.5](./02-design-decisions.md) — Correlation with PerfLog: how `doCommand()` can link trace_id with existing PerfLog entries
+- [03-implementation-strategy.md §3.4.4](./03-implementation-strategy.md) — RPC request overhead budget: ~1.75 μs total per request
+
+---
+
+## Task 8: Build, Run, and Verify End-to-End
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+**Objective**: Prove the full pipeline works: xrpld emits traces -> OTel Collector receives them -> Tempo stores them for Grafana visualization.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+1. **Start the Docker stack**:
+
+   ```bash
+   docker compose -f docker/telemetry/docker-compose.yml up -d
+   ```
+
+   Verify Collector health: `curl http://localhost:13133`
+
+2. **Build xrpld with telemetry**:
+
+   ```bash
+   # Adjust for your actual build workflow
+   conan install . --build=missing -o with_telemetry=True
+   cmake --preset default -DXRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=ON
+   cmake --build --preset default
+   ```
+
+3. **Configure xrpld**:
+   Add to `xrpld.cfg` (or your local test config):
+
+   ```ini
+   [telemetry]
+   enabled=1
+   endpoint=localhost:4317
+   sampling_ratio=1.0
+   trace_rpc=1
+   ```
+
+4. **Start xrpld** in standalone mode:
+
+   ```bash
+   ./rippled --conf xrpld.cfg -a --start
+   ```
+
+5. **Generate RPC traffic**:
+
+   ```bash
+   # server_info
+   curl -s -X POST http://localhost:5005 \
+       -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
+       -d '{"method":"server_info","params":[{}]}'
+
+   # ledger
+   curl -s -X POST http://localhost:5005 \
+       -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
+       -d '{"method":"ledger","params":[{"ledger_index":"current"}]}'
+
+   # account_info (will error in standalone, that's fine — we trace errors too)
+   curl -s -X POST http://localhost:5005 \
+       -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
+       -d '{"method":"account_info","params":[{"account":"rHb9CJAWyB4rj91VRWn96DkukG4bwdtyTh"}]}'
+   ```
+
+6. **Verify in Grafana (Tempo)**:
+   - Open `http://localhost:3000`
+   - Navigate to Explore → select Tempo datasource
+   - Search for service `xrpld`
+   - Confirm you see traces with spans: `rpc.request` -> `rpc.process` -> `rpc.command.server_info`
+   - Click into a trace and verify attributes: `command`, `rpc_status`, `version`
+
+7. **Verify zero-overhead when disabled**:
+   - Rebuild with `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=OFF`, or set `enabled=0` in config
+   - Run the same RPC calls
+   - Confirm no new traces appear and no errors in xrpld logs
+
+**Verification Checklist**:
+
+- [ ] Docker stack starts without errors
+- [ ] xrpld builds with `-DXRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=ON`
+- [ ] xrpld starts and connects to OTel Collector (check xrpld logs for telemetry messages)
+- [ ] Traces appear in Grafana/Tempo under service "xrpld"
+- [ ] Span hierarchy is correct (parent-child relationships)
+- [ ] Span attributes are populated (`command`, `rpc_status`, etc.)
+- [ ] Error spans show error status and message
+- [ ] Building with `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=OFF` produces no regressions
+- [ ] Setting `enabled=0` at runtime produces no traces and no errors
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [06-implementation-phases.md §6.11.1](./06-implementation-phases.md) — Phase 1 definition of done: SDK compiles, runtime toggle works, span creation verified in Tempo, config validation passes
+- [06-implementation-phases.md §6.11.2](./06-implementation-phases.md#6112-phase-2-rpc-tracing) — Phase 2 definition of done: 100% RPC coverage, traceparent propagation, <1ms p99 overhead, dashboard deployed
+- [06-implementation-phases.md §6.8](./06-implementation-phases.md) — Success metrics: trace coverage >95%, CPU overhead <3%, memory <5 MB, latency impact <2%
+- [03-implementation-strategy.md §3.9.5](./03-implementation-strategy.md) — Backward compatibility: config optional, protocol unchanged, `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=OFF` produces identical binary
+- [01-architecture-analysis.md §1.8](./01-architecture-analysis.md) — Observable outcomes: what traces, metrics, and dashboards to expect
+
+---
+
+## Task 9: Document POC Results and Next Steps
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol | **WS** = WebSocket
+
+**Objective**: Capture findings, screenshots, and remaining work for the team.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Take screenshots of Grafana/Tempo showing:
+  - The service list with "xrpld"
+  - A trace with the full span tree
+  - Span detail view showing attributes
+- Document any issues encountered (build issues, SDK quirks, missing attributes)
+- Note performance observations (build time impact, any noticeable runtime overhead)
+- Write a short summary of what the POC proves and what it doesn't cover yet:
+  - **Proves**: OTel SDK integrates with xrpld, OTLP export works, RPC traces visible
+  - **Doesn't cover**: Cross-node P2P context propagation, consensus tracing, protobuf trace context, W3C traceparent header extraction, tail-based sampling, production deployment
+- Outline next steps (mapping to the full plan phases):
+  - [Phase 2](./06-implementation-phases.md) completion: [W3C header extraction](./02-design-decisions.md) (§2.5), WebSocket tracing, all [RPC handlers](./01-architecture-analysis.md) (§1.6)
+  - [Phase 3](./06-implementation-phases.md): [Protobuf `TraceContext` message](./04-code-samples.md) (§4.4), [transaction relay tracing](./04-code-samples.md) (§4.5.1) across nodes
+  - [Phase 4](./06-implementation-phases.md): [Consensus round and phase tracing](./04-code-samples.md) (§4.5.2)
+  - [Phase 5](./06-implementation-phases.md): [Production collector config](./05-configuration-reference.md) (§5.5.2), [Grafana dashboards](./07-observability-backends.md) (§7.6), [alerting](./07-observability-backends.md) (§7.6.3)
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [06-implementation-phases.md §6.1](./06-implementation-phases.md) — Full 5-phase timeline overview and Gantt chart
+- [06-implementation-phases.md §6.10](./06-implementation-phases.md) — Crawl-Walk-Run strategy: POC is the CRAWL phase, next steps are WALK and RUN
+- [06-implementation-phases.md §6.12](./06-implementation-phases.md) — Recommended implementation order (14 steps across 9 weeks)
+- [03-implementation-strategy.md §3.9](./03-implementation-strategy.md) — Code intrusiveness assessment and risk matrix for each remaining component
+- [07-observability-backends.md §7.2](./07-observability-backends.md) — Production backend selection (Tempo, Elastic APM, Honeycomb, Datadog)
+- [02-design-decisions.md §2.5](./02-design-decisions.md) — Context propagation design: W3C HTTP headers, protobuf P2P, JobQueue internal
+- [00-tracing-fundamentals.md](./00-tracing-fundamentals.md) — Reference for team onboarding on distributed tracing concepts
+
+---
+
+## Summary
+
+| Task | Description                          | New Files | Modified Files | Depends On |
+| ---- | ------------------------------------ | --------- | -------------- | ---------- |
+| 0    | Docker observability stack           | 4         | 0              | —          |
+| 1    | OTel C++ SDK dependency              | 0         | 2              | —          |
+| 2    | Core Telemetry interface + NullImpl  | 3         | 0              | 1          |
+| 3    | OTel-backed Telemetry implementation | 2         | 1              | 1, 2       |
+| 4    | Application lifecycle integration    | 0         | 3              | 2, 3       |
+| 5    | SpanGuard factory methods            | 0         | 1              | 2          |
+| 6    | Instrument RPC ServerHandler         | 0         | 1              | 4, 5       |
+| 7    | Instrument RPC command execution     | 0         | 1              | 4, 5       |
+| 8    | End-to-end verification              | 0         | 0              | 0-7        |
+| 9    | Document results and next steps      | 1         | 0              | 8          |
+
+**Parallel work**: Tasks 0 and 1 can run in parallel. Tasks 2 and 5 have no dependency on each other. Tasks 6 and 7 can be done in parallel once Tasks 4 and 5 are complete.
+
+---
+
+## Next Steps (Post-POC)
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol | **WS** = WebSocket
+
+### Metrics Pipeline for Grafana Dashboards
+
+The current POC exports **traces only**. Grafana's Explore view can query Tempo for individual traces, but time-series charts (latency histograms, request throughput, error rates) require a **metrics pipeline**. To enable this:
+
+1. **Add a `spanmetrics` connector** to the OTel Collector config that derives RED metrics (Rate, Errors, Duration) from trace spans automatically:
+
+   ```yaml
+   connectors:
+     spanmetrics:
+       histogram:
+         explicit:
+           buckets: [1ms, 5ms, 10ms, 25ms, 50ms, 100ms, 250ms, 500ms, 1s, 5s]
+       dimensions:
+         - name: command
+         - name: rpc_status
+
+   exporters:
+     prometheus:
+       endpoint: 0.0.0.0:8889
+
+   service:
+     pipelines:
+       traces:
+         receivers: [otlp]
+         processors: [batch]
+         exporters: [debug, otlp/tempo, spanmetrics]
+       metrics:
+         receivers: [spanmetrics]
+         exporters: [prometheus]
+   ```
+
+2. **Add Prometheus** to the Docker Compose stack to scrape the collector's metrics endpoint.
+
+3. **Add Prometheus as a Grafana datasource** and build dashboards for:
+   - RPC request latency (p50/p95/p99) by command
+   - RPC throughput (requests/sec) by command
+   - Error rate by command
+   - Span duration distribution
+
+### Additional Instrumentation
+
+- **W3C `traceparent` header extraction** in `ServerHandler` to support cross-service context propagation from external callers
+- **WebSocket RPC tracing** in `ServerHandler::onWSMessage()`
+- **Transaction relay tracing** across nodes using protobuf `TraceContext` messages
+- **Consensus round and phase tracing** for validator coordination visibility
+- **Ledger close tracing** to measure close-to-validated latency
+
+### Production Hardening
+
+- **Tail-based sampling** in the OTel Collector to reduce volume while retaining error/slow traces
+- **TLS configuration** for the OTLP exporter in production deployments
+- **Resource limits** on the batch processor queue to prevent unbounded memory growth
+- **Health monitoring** for the telemetry pipeline itself (collector lag, export failures)
+
+### POC Lessons Learned
+
+Issues encountered during POC implementation that inform future work:
+
+| Issue                                                                                              | Resolution                                                                    | Impact on Future Work                                            |
+| -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| Conan lockfile rejected `opentelemetry-cpp/1.18.0`                                                 | Used `--lockfile=""` to bypass                                                | Lockfile must be regenerated when adding new dependencies        |
+| Conan package only builds OTLP HTTP exporter, not gRPC                                             | Switched from gRPC to HTTP exporter (`localhost:4318/v1/traces`)              | HTTP exporter is the default; gRPC requires custom Conan profile |
+| CMake target `opentelemetry-cpp::api` etc. don't exist in Conan package                            | Use umbrella target `opentelemetry-cpp::opentelemetry-cpp`                    | Conan targets differ from upstream CMake targets                 |
+| OTel Collector `logging` exporter deprecated                                                       | Renamed to `debug` exporter                                                   | Use `debug` in all collector configs going forward               |
+| Macro parameter `telemetry` collided with `::xrpl::telemetry::` namespace                          | Replaced macros with SpanGuard factory methods (no macros needed)             | Factory methods avoid macro hygiene issues entirely              |
+| `opentelemetry::trace::Scope` creates new context on move                                          | Store scope as member, create once in constructor                             | SpanGuard move semantics need care with Scope lifecycle          |
+| `TracerProviderFactory::Create` returns `unique_ptr<sdk::TracerProvider>`, not `nostd::shared_ptr` | Use `std::shared_ptr` member, wrap in `nostd::shared_ptr` for global provider | OTel SDK factory return types don't match API provider types     |

OpenTelemetryPlan/Phase10_taskList.md

@@ -0,0 +1,255 @@
+# Phase 10: Synthetic Workload Generation & Telemetry Validation — Task List
+
+> **Status**: Future Enhancement
+>
+> **Goal**: Build tools that generate realistic XRPL traffic to validate the full Phases 1-9 telemetry stack end-to-end — all spans, attributes, metrics, dashboards, and log-trace correlation — under controlled load.
+>
+> **Scope**: Python/shell test harness + multi-node docker-compose environment + automated validation scripts + performance benchmarks.
+>
+> **Branch**: `pratik/otel-phase10-workload-validation` (from `pratik/otel-phase9-metric-gap-fill`)
+>
+> **Depends on**: Phase 9 (internal metric gap fill) — validates the full metric surface
+
+### Related Plan Documents
+
+| Document                                                             | Relevance                                                       |
+| -------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| [06-implementation-phases.md](./06-implementation-phases.md)         | Phase 10 plan: motivation, architecture, exit criteria (§6.8.3) |
+| [09-data-collection-reference.md](./09-data-collection-reference.md) | Defines the full inventory of spans/metrics to validate         |
+| [Phase9_taskList.md](./Phase9_taskList.md)                           | Prerequisite — all internal metrics must be emitting            |
+
+### Why This Phase Exists
+
+Before Phases 1-9 can be considered production-ready, we need proof that:
+
+1. All 16 spans fire with correct attributes under real transaction workloads
+2. All 255+ StatsD metrics + ~50 Phase 9 metrics appear in Prometheus with non-zero values
+3. Log-trace correlation (Phase 8) produces clickable trace_id links in Loki
+4. All 10 Grafana dashboards render meaningful data (no empty panels)
+5. Performance overhead stays within bounds (< 3% CPU, < 5MB memory)
+6. The telemetry stack survives sustained load without data loss or queue backpressure
+
+---
+
+## Task 10.1: Multi-Node Test Harness
+
+**Objective**: Create a docker-compose environment with 3-5 validator nodes that produces real consensus rounds.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Create `docker/telemetry/docker-compose.workload.yaml`:
+  - 5 xrpld validator nodes with UNL configured for each other
+  - All telemetry enabled: `[telemetry] enabled=1`, `[insight] server=otel`
+  - Full OTel stack: Collector, Tempo, Prometheus, Loki, Grafana
+  - Shared network with service discovery
+
+- Each node should:
+  - Generate validator keys at startup
+  - Configure all 5 nodes in its UNL
+  - Enable all trace categories including `trace_peer=1`
+  - Write logs to a file tailed by the OTel Collector filelog receiver
+
+- Include a `Makefile` target: `make telemetry-workload-up` / `make telemetry-workload-down`
+
+**Key files**:
+
+- New: `docker/telemetry/docker-compose.workload.yaml`
+- New: `docker/telemetry/workload/generate-validator-keys.sh`
+- New: `docker/telemetry/workload/xrpld-validator.cfg.template`
+
+---
+
+## Task 10.2: RPC Load Generator
+
+**Objective**: Configurable tool that fires all traced RPC commands at controlled rates.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Create `docker/telemetry/workload/rpc_load_generator.py`:
+  - Connects to one or more xrpld WebSocket endpoints
+  - Fires all RPC commands that have trace spans: `server_info`, `ledger`, `tx`, `account_info`, `account_lines`, `fee`, `submit`, etc.
+  - Configurable parameters: rate (RPS), duration, command distribution weights
+  - Injects `traceparent` HTTP headers to test W3C context propagation
+  - Logs progress and errors to stdout
+
+- Command distribution should match realistic production ratios:
+  - 40% `server_info` / `fee` (health checks)
+  - 30% `account_info` / `account_lines` / `account_objects` (wallet queries)
+  - 15% `ledger` / `ledger_data` (explorer queries)
+  - 10% `tx` / `account_tx` (transaction lookups)
+  - 5% `book_offers` / `amm_info` (DEX queries)
+
+**Key files**:
+
+- New: `docker/telemetry/workload/rpc_load_generator.py`
+- New: `docker/telemetry/workload/requirements.txt`
+
+---
+
+## Task 10.3: Transaction Submitter
+
+**Objective**: Generate diverse transaction types to exercise `tx.*` and `ledger.*` spans.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Create `docker/telemetry/workload/tx_submitter.py`:
+  - Pre-funds test accounts from genesis account
+  - Submits a mix of transaction types:
+    - `Payment` (XRP and issued currencies) — exercises `tx.process`, `tx.apply`
+    - `OfferCreate` / `OfferCancel` — DEX activity
+    - `TrustSet` — trust line creation for issued currencies
+    - `NFTokenMint` / `NFTokenCreateOffer` / `NFTokenAcceptOffer` — NFT activity
+    - `EscrowCreate` / `EscrowFinish` — escrow lifecycle
+    - `AMMCreate` / `AMMDeposit` / `AMMWithdraw` — AMM pool operations (if amendment enabled)
+  - Configurable: TPS target, transaction mix weights, duration
+  - Monitors submission results and tracks success/failure rates
+
+- The transaction mix ensures the telemetry captures the full range of ledger activity that third parties care about.
+
+**Key files**:
+
+- New: `docker/telemetry/workload/tx_submitter.py`
+- New: `docker/telemetry/workload/test_accounts.json` (pre-generated keypairs)
+
+---
+
+## Task 10.4: Telemetry Validation Suite
+
+**Objective**: Automated scripts that verify all expected telemetry data exists after a workload run.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Create `docker/telemetry/workload/validate_telemetry.py`:
+
+  **Span validation** (queries Tempo API):
+  - Assert all 16 span names appear in traces
+  - Assert each span has its required attributes (22 total attributes across spans)
+  - Assert parent-child relationships are correct (`rpc.request` → `rpc.process` → `rpc.command.*`)
+  - Assert span durations are reasonable (> 0, < 60s)
+
+  **Metric validation** (queries Prometheus API):
+  - Assert all SpanMetrics-derived metrics are non-zero: `traces_span_metrics_calls_total`, `traces_span_metrics_duration_milliseconds_bucket`
+  - Assert all StatsD metrics are non-zero: `xrpld_LedgerMaster_Validated_Ledger_Age`, `xrpld_Peer_Finder_Active_*`, etc.
+  - Assert all Phase 9 metrics are non-zero: `xrpld_nodestore_*`, `xrpld_cache_*`, `xrpld_txq_*`, `xrpld_rpc_method_*`, `xrpld_object_count`, `xrpld_load_factor*`
+  - Assert metric label cardinality is within bounds
+
+  **Log-trace correlation validation** (queries Loki API):
+  - Assert logs contain `trace_id=` and `span_id=` fields
+  - Pick a random trace_id from Tempo → query Loki for matching logs → assert results exist
+  - Assert Grafana derived field links are functional
+
+  **Dashboard validation**:
+  - For each of the 10 Grafana dashboards, query the dashboard API and assert no panels show "No data"
+
+- Output: JSON report with pass/fail per check, suitable for CI.
+
+**Key files**:
+
+- New: `docker/telemetry/workload/validate_telemetry.py`
+- New: `docker/telemetry/workload/expected_spans.json` (span inventory for validation)
+- New: `docker/telemetry/workload/expected_metrics.json` (metric inventory for validation)
+
+---
+
+## Task 10.5: Performance Benchmark Suite
+
+**Objective**: Measure CPU/memory/latency overhead of the telemetry stack.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Create `docker/telemetry/workload/benchmark.sh`:
+  - **Baseline run**: Start cluster with `[telemetry] enabled=0`, run transaction workload for 5 minutes, record metrics
+  - **Telemetry run**: Start cluster with full telemetry enabled, run identical workload, record metrics
+  - **Comparison**: Calculate deltas for:
+    - CPU usage (per-node average)
+    - Memory RSS (per-node peak)
+    - RPC p99 latency
+    - Transaction throughput (TPS)
+    - Consensus round time p95
+    - Ledger close time p95
+
+- Output: Markdown table comparing baseline vs. telemetry, with pass/fail against targets:
+  - CPU overhead < 3%
+  - Memory overhead < 5MB
+  - RPC latency impact < 2ms p99
+  - Throughput impact < 5%
+  - Consensus impact < 1%
+
+- Store results in `docker/telemetry/workload/benchmark-results/` for historical tracking.
+
+**Key files**:
+
+- New: `docker/telemetry/workload/benchmark.sh`
+- New: `docker/telemetry/workload/collect_system_metrics.sh`
+
+---
+
+## Task 10.6: CI Integration
+
+**Objective**: Wire the validation suite into CI for regression detection.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Create a CI workflow (GitHub Actions or equivalent) that:
+  1. Builds xrpld with `-DXRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=ON`
+  2. Starts the multi-node workload harness
+  3. Runs the RPC load generator + transaction submitter for 2 minutes
+  4. Runs the validation suite
+  5. Runs the benchmark suite
+  6. Fails the build if any validation check fails or benchmark exceeds thresholds
+  7. Archives the validation report and benchmark results as artifacts
+
+- This should be a separate workflow (not part of the main CI), triggered manually or on telemetry-related branch changes.
+
+**Key files**:
+
+- New: `.github/workflows/telemetry-validation.yml`
+- New: `docker/telemetry/workload/run-full-validation.sh` (orchestrator script)
+
+---
+
+## Task 10.7: Documentation
+
+**Objective**: Document the workload tools and validation process.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Create `docker/telemetry/workload/README.md`:
+  - Quick start guide for running workload harness
+  - Configuration options for load generator and tx submitter
+  - How to read validation reports
+  - How to run benchmarks and interpret results
+
+- Update `docs/telemetry-runbook.md`:
+  - Add "Validating Telemetry Stack" section
+  - Add "Performance Benchmarking" section
+
+- Update `OpenTelemetryPlan/09-data-collection-reference.md`:
+  - Add "Validation" section with expected metric/span counts
+
+---
+
+## Exit Criteria — Delivered in PR #6519
+
+- [x] Multi-node validator cluster starts and reaches consensus
+- [x] RPC load generator fires all traced RPC commands at configurable rates
+- [x] Transaction submitter generates 6+ transaction types at configurable TPS
+- [x] Validation suite confirms all required spans, attributes, and metrics
+- [x] Log-trace correlation validated end-to-end (Loki ↔ Tempo)
+- [x] Grafana dashboards render data (no empty panels)
+- [x] Overhead benchmark (`benchmark.sh`) measures telemetry-off vs telemetry-on deltas
+- [x] CI workflow runs validation on telemetry branch changes
+- [x] Validation report output is CI-parseable (JSON with exit codes)
+- [x] OTel-driven regression gate captures per-span/per-RPC/per-job timings from
+      Prometheus and compares against a committed baseline
+
+## Follow-up Work (tracked in separate PRs)
+
+- [ ] FU-2: Automate baseline persistence across CI runs (artifact uploaded
+      on merge to `develop`, downloaded on PR runs). Current mechanism
+      requires a manual baseline-refresh PR.
+- [ ] FU-4: Replace the proxy measurements in `benchmark.sh` (wall-clock curl
+      p99, ledger-cadence-as-TPS, ledger-cadence-as-consensus-p95) with
+      PromQL quantile queries from the same pipeline the regression gate uses.
+- [ ] FU-6: Grafana dashboard plotting historical baseline values keyed by
+      commit SHA, for triaging noisy regressions.

OpenTelemetryPlan/Phase11_taskList.md

@@ -0,0 +1,544 @@
+# Phase 11: Third-Party Data Collection Pipelines — Task List
+
+> **Status**: Future Enhancement
+>
+> **Goal**: Build a custom OTel Collector receiver that periodically polls xrpld's admin RPCs and exports structured metrics for external consumers — making all XRPL health, validator, peer, fee, and DEX data available as Prometheus/OTLP metrics without xrpld code changes.
+>
+> **Scope**: Go-based OTel Collector receiver plugin + Grafana dashboards + Prometheus alerting rules.
+>
+> **Branch**: `pratik/otel-phase11-third-party-collection` (from `pratik/otel-phase10-workload-validation`)
+>
+> **Depends on**: Phase 10 (validation harness for testing the new receiver)
+
+### Related Plan Documents
+
+| Document                                                             | Relevance                                                       |
+| -------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| [06-implementation-phases.md](./06-implementation-phases.md)         | Phase 11 plan: motivation, architecture, exit criteria (§6.8.4) |
+| [09-data-collection-reference.md](./09-data-collection-reference.md) | Defines full metric inventory including third-party metrics     |
+| [Phase10_taskList.md](./Phase10_taskList.md)                         | Prerequisite — validation harness for testing                   |
+
+### Third-Party Consumer Gap Analysis
+
+This phase addresses the cross-cutting gap identified during research: **xrpld has no native Prometheus/OTLP metrics export for data accessible only via RPC**. Every consumer (exchanges, payment processors, analytics providers, validators, researchers, compliance firms, custodians) must build custom JSON-RPC polling and conversion. This receiver centralizes that work.
+
+| Consumer Category          | Data Unlocked by This Phase                                        |
+| -------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------ |
+| **Exchanges**              | Real-time fee estimates, TxQ capacity, server health scores        |
+| **Payment Processors**     | Settlement latency percentiles, corridor health, path availability |
+| **Analytics Providers**    | Validator metrics, network topology, amendment voting status       |
+| **DeFi / AMM**             | AMM pool TVL, DEX order book depth, trade volumes                  |
+| **Validators / Operators** | Per-peer latency, version distribution, UNL health, alerting       |
+| **Compliance**             | Transaction volume trends, network growth metrics                  |
+| **Academic Researchers**   | Consensus performance time-series, decentralization metrics        |
+| **CBDC / Tokenization**    | Token supply tracking, trust line adoption, freeze status          |
+| **Institutional Custody**  | Multi-sig status, escrow tracking, reserve calculations            |
+| **Wallet Providers**       | Server health for node selection, fee prediction data              |
+
+---
+
+## Task 11.1: OTel Collector Receiver Scaffold
+
+**Objective**: Create the Go project structure for a custom OTel Collector receiver that polls xrpld JSON-RPC.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Create `docker/telemetry/otel-rippled-receiver/`:
+  - `receiver.go` — implements `receiver.Metrics` interface
+  - `config.go` — configuration struct (endpoint, poll interval, enabled RPCs)
+  - `factory.go` — receiver factory registration
+  - `go.mod` / `go.sum` — Go module with OTel Collector SDK dependency
+
+- Configuration model:
+
+  ```yaml
+  xrpld_receiver:
+    endpoint: "http://localhost:5005" # xrpld admin RPC
+    poll_interval: 30s # how often to poll
+    enabled_collectors:
+      - server_info
+      - get_counts
+      - fee
+      - peers
+      - validators
+      - feature
+      - server_state
+    amm_pools: [] # optional: AMM pool IDs to track
+    book_offers_pairs: [] # optional: currency pairs for DEX depth
+  ```
+
+- Build a custom OTel Collector binary that includes this receiver alongside the standard receivers.
+
+**Key files**:
+
+- New: `docker/telemetry/otel-rippled-receiver/receiver.go`
+- New: `docker/telemetry/otel-rippled-receiver/config.go`
+- New: `docker/telemetry/otel-rippled-receiver/factory.go`
+- New: `docker/telemetry/otel-rippled-receiver/go.mod`
+- New: `docker/telemetry/otel-rippled-receiver/Dockerfile`
+
+---
+
+## Task 11.2: server_info / server_state Collector
+
+**Objective**: Poll `server_info` and `server_state` and export all fields as OTel metrics.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Implement `serverInfoCollector` that calls `server_info` (admin) and extracts:
+
+  **Node Health Gauges:**
+  - `xrpl_server_state` (enum → int: disconnected=0, connected=1, syncing=2, tracking=3, full=4, proposing=5)
+  - `xrpl_server_state_duration_seconds`
+  - `xrpl_uptime_seconds`
+  - `xrpl_io_latency_ms`
+  - `xrpl_amendment_blocked` (0 or 1)
+  - `xrpl_peers_count`
+  - `xrpl_peer_disconnects_total`
+  - `xrpl_peer_disconnects_resources_total`
+  - `xrpl_jq_trans_overflow_total`
+
+  **Consensus Gauges:**
+  - `xrpl_last_close_proposers`
+  - `xrpl_last_close_converge_time_seconds`
+  - `xrpl_validation_quorum`
+
+  **Ledger Gauges:**
+  - `xrpl_validated_ledger_seq`
+  - `xrpl_validated_ledger_age_seconds`
+  - `xrpl_validated_ledger_base_fee_drops`
+  - `xrpl_validated_ledger_reserve_base_drops`
+  - `xrpl_validated_ledger_reserve_inc_drops`
+  - `xrpl_close_time_offset_seconds` (0 when absent)
+
+  **Load Factor Gauges:**
+  - `xrpl_load_factor`
+  - `xrpl_load_factor_server`
+  - `xrpl_load_factor_fee_escalation`
+  - `xrpl_load_factor_fee_queue`
+  - `xrpl_load_factor_local`
+  - `xrpl_load_factor_net`
+  - `xrpl_load_factor_cluster`
+
+  **State Accounting Gauges** (per state: disconnected, connected, syncing, tracking, full):
+  - `xrpl_state_duration_seconds{state="<name>"}`
+  - `xrpl_state_transitions_total{state="<name>"}`
+
+  **Validator Info** (when node is a validator):
+  - `xrpl_validator_list_count`
+  - `xrpl_validator_list_expiration_seconds` (epoch)
+  - `xrpl_validator_list_active` (0 or 1)
+
+**Key files**:
+
+- New: `docker/telemetry/otel-rippled-receiver/collectors/server_info.go`
+
+---
+
+## Task 11.3: get_counts Collector
+
+**Objective**: Poll `get_counts` and export internal object counts and NodeStore stats.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Implement `getCountsCollector`:
+
+  **Database Gauges:**
+  - `xrpl_db_size_kb{db="total"}`, `xrpl_db_size_kb{db="ledger"}`, `xrpl_db_size_kb{db="transaction"}`
+
+  **NodeStore Gauges:**
+  - `xrpl_nodestore_reads_total`, `xrpl_nodestore_reads_hit`, `xrpl_nodestore_writes_total`
+  - `xrpl_nodestore_read_bytes`, `xrpl_nodestore_written_bytes`
+  - `xrpl_nodestore_read_duration_us`, `xrpl_nodestore_write_load`
+  - `xrpl_nodestore_read_queue`, `xrpl_nodestore_read_threads_running`
+
+  **Cache Gauges:**
+  - `xrpl_cache_hit_rate{cache="SLE"}`, `xrpl_cache_hit_rate{cache="ledger"}`, `xrpl_cache_hit_rate{cache="accepted_ledger"}`
+  - `xrpl_cache_size{cache="treenode"}`, `xrpl_cache_size{cache="fullbelow"}`, `xrpl_cache_size{cache="accepted_ledger"}`
+
+  **Object Count Gauges:**
+  - `xrpl_object_count{type="<name>"}` for each counted object type (Transaction, Ledger, NodeObject, STTx, STLedgerEntry, InboundLedger, Pathfinder, etc.)
+
+  **Rates:**
+  - `xrpl_historical_fetch_per_minute`
+  - `xrpl_local_txs`
+
+**Key files**:
+
+- New: `docker/telemetry/otel-rippled-receiver/collectors/get_counts.go`
+
+---
+
+## Task 11.4: Peer Topology Collector
+
+**Objective**: Poll `peers` and export per-peer and aggregate network metrics.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Implement `peersCollector`:
+
+  **Aggregate Gauges:**
+  - `xrpl_peers_inbound_count`
+  - `xrpl_peers_outbound_count`
+  - `xrpl_peers_cluster_count`
+
+  **Per-Peer Gauges** (with labels `peer_key` truncated to 8 chars for cardinality control):
+  - `xrpl_peer_latency_ms{peer="<key>", version="<ver>", inbound="<bool>"}`
+  - `xrpl_peer_uptime_seconds{peer="<key>"}`
+  - `xrpl_peer_load{peer="<key>"}`
+
+  **Distribution Gauges** (aggregated across all peers):
+  - `xrpl_peer_latency_p50_ms`, `xrpl_peer_latency_p95_ms`, `xrpl_peer_latency_p99_ms`
+  - `xrpl_peer_version_count{version="<semver>"}` — count of peers per software version
+
+  **Tracking Status:**
+  - `xrpl_peer_diverged_count` — peers with `track=diverged`
+  - `xrpl_peer_unknown_count` — peers with `track=unknown`
+
+**Key files**:
+
+- New: `docker/telemetry/otel-rippled-receiver/collectors/peers.go`
+
+**Cardinality note**: Per-peer metrics use truncated keys. For large peer sets (50+), the aggregate distribution gauges are preferred over per-peer labels.
+
+---
+
+## Task 11.5: Validator & Amendment Collector
+
+**Objective**: Poll `validators` and `feature` to export validator health and amendment voting status.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Implement `validatorCollector`:
+
+  **From `validators` RPC:**
+  - `xrpl_trusted_validators_count`
+  - `xrpl_validator_signing` (0 or 1 — whether local validator is signing)
+
+  **From `feature` RPC:**
+  - `xrpl_amendment_enabled_count` — total enabled amendments
+  - `xrpl_amendment_majority_count` — amendments with majority but not yet enabled
+  - `xrpl_amendment_vetoed_count` — locally vetoed amendments
+  - `xrpl_amendment_unsupported_majority` (0 or 1) — any unsupported amendment has majority (critical alert)
+
+  **Per-amendment with majority** (limited cardinality — only amendments with `majority` set):
+  - `xrpl_amendment_majority_time{name="<amendment>"}` — epoch time when majority was gained
+  - `xrpl_amendment_votes{name="<amendment>"}` — current vote count
+  - `xrpl_amendment_threshold{name="<amendment>"}` — votes needed
+
+**Key files**:
+
+- New: `docker/telemetry/otel-rippled-receiver/collectors/validators.go`
+
+---
+
+## Task 11.6: Fee & TxQ Collector
+
+**Objective**: Poll `fee` RPC and export real-time fee market data.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Implement `feeCollector` that calls the public `fee` RPC:
+
+  **Fee Level Gauges:**
+  - `xrpl_fee_current_ledger_size` — transactions in current open ledger
+  - `xrpl_fee_expected_ledger_size` — expected transactions at close
+  - `xrpl_fee_max_queue_size` — maximum transaction queue size
+  - `xrpl_fee_open_ledger_fee_drops` — minimum fee for open ledger inclusion
+  - `xrpl_fee_median_fee_drops` — median fee level
+  - `xrpl_fee_minimum_fee_drops` — base reference fee
+  - `xrpl_fee_queue_size` — current queue depth
+
+- This overlaps with Phase 9's internal TxQ metrics but provides an external-only collection path that doesn't require xrpld code changes.
+
+**Key files**:
+
+- New: `docker/telemetry/otel-rippled-receiver/collectors/fee.go`
+
+---
+
+## Task 11.7: DEX & AMM Collector (Optional)
+
+**Objective**: Periodically poll configured AMM pools and order book pairs for DeFi metrics.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Implement `dexCollector` (enabled only when `amm_pools` or `book_offers_pairs` are configured):
+
+  **AMM Pool Gauges** (per configured pool):
+  - `xrpl_amm_reserve{pool="<id>", asset="<currency>"}` — pool reserve amount
+  - `xrpl_amm_lp_token_supply{pool="<id>"}` — outstanding LP tokens
+  - `xrpl_amm_trading_fee{pool="<id>"}` — pool trading fee (basis points)
+  - `xrpl_amm_tvl_drops{pool="<id>"}` — total value locked (XRP-denominated)
+
+  **Order Book Gauges** (per configured pair):
+  - `xrpl_orderbook_bid_depth{pair="<base>/<quote>"}` — total bid volume
+  - `xrpl_orderbook_ask_depth{pair="<base>/<quote>"}` — total ask volume
+  - `xrpl_orderbook_spread{pair="<base>/<quote>"}` — best bid-ask spread
+  - `xrpl_orderbook_offer_count{pair="<base>/<quote>", side="bid|ask"}` — number of offers
+
+**Key files**:
+
+- New: `docker/telemetry/otel-rippled-receiver/collectors/dex.go`
+
+**Note**: This is optional because it requires explicit configuration of which pools/pairs to track. Default configuration tracks no DEX data.
+
+---
+
+## Task 11.8: Prometheus Alerting Rules
+
+**Objective**: Create production-ready alerting rules for the metrics exported by this receiver.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Create `docker/telemetry/prometheus/rippled-alerts.yml`:
+
+  **Tier 1 — Critical (page immediately):**
+
+  ```yaml
+  - alert: XRPLServerNotFull
+    expr: xrpl_server_state < 4
+    for: 15m
+
+  - alert: XRPLAmendmentBlocked
+    expr: xrpl_amendment_blocked == 1
+    for: 1m
+
+  - alert: XRPLNoPeers
+    expr: xrpl_peers_count == 0
+    for: 5m
+
+  - alert: XRPLLedgerStale
+    expr: xrpl_validated_ledger_age_seconds > 120
+    for: 2m
+
+  - alert: XRPLHighIOLatency
+    expr: xrpl_io_latency_ms > 100
+    for: 5m
+
+  - alert: XRPLUnsupportedAmendmentMajority
+    expr: xrpl_amendment_unsupported_majority == 1
+    for: 1m
+  ```
+
+  **Tier 2 — Warning (investigate within hours):**
+
+  ```yaml
+  - alert: XRPLLowPeerCount
+    expr: xrpl_peers_count < 10
+    for: 15m
+
+  - alert: XRPLHighLoadFactor
+    expr: xrpl_load_factor > 10
+    for: 10m
+
+  - alert: XRPLSlowConsensus
+    expr: xrpl_last_close_converge_time_seconds > 6
+    for: 5m
+
+  - alert: XRPLValidatorListExpiring
+    expr: (xrpl_validator_list_expiration_seconds - time()) < 86400
+    for: 1h
+
+  - alert: XRPLClockDrift
+    expr: xrpl_close_time_offset_seconds > 0
+    for: 5m
+
+  - alert: XRPLStateFlapping
+    expr: rate(xrpl_state_transitions_total{state="full"}[1h]) > 2
+    for: 30m
+  ```
+
+**Key files**:
+
+- New: `docker/telemetry/prometheus/rippled-alerts.yml`
+- Update: `docker/telemetry/prometheus/prometheus.yml` (add rule_files reference)
+
+---
+
+## Task 11.9: New Grafana Dashboards
+
+**Objective**: Create 4 new dashboards for the data exported by the receiver.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- **Validator Health** (`xrpld-validator-health`):
+  - Server state timeline, state duration breakdown
+  - Proposer count trend, converge time trend, validation quorum
+  - Validator list expiration countdown
+  - Amendment voting status (majority/enabled/vetoed)
+
+- **Network Topology** (`xrpld-network-topology`):
+  - Peer count (inbound/outbound/cluster), peer version distribution
+  - Peer latency distribution (p50/p95/p99), diverged peer count
+  - Geographic distribution (if enriched with GeoIP)
+  - Peer uptime distribution
+
+- **Fee Market** (`xrpld-fee-market-external`):
+  - Current fee levels (open ledger, median, minimum), fee escalation timeline
+  - Queue depth vs. capacity, transactions per ledger
+  - Load factor breakdown (server/network/cluster/escalation)
+
+- **DEX & AMM Overview** (`xrpld-dex-amm`) (only populated when DEX collectors are configured):
+  - AMM pool TVL, reserve ratios, LP token supply
+  - Order book depth per pair, spread trends
+  - Trading fee revenue estimates
+
+**Key files**:
+
+- New: `docker/telemetry/grafana/dashboards/rippled-validator-health.json`
+- New: `docker/telemetry/grafana/dashboards/rippled-network-topology.json`
+- New: `docker/telemetry/grafana/dashboards/rippled-fee-market-external.json`
+- New: `docker/telemetry/grafana/dashboards/rippled-dex-amm.json`
+
+---
+
+## Task 11.10: Integration with Phase 10 Validation
+
+**Objective**: Extend the Phase 10 validation suite to verify this receiver's metrics.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Update `docker/telemetry/workload/validate_telemetry.py`:
+  - Add assertions for all `xrpl_*` metrics produced by the receiver
+  - Verify metric labels have expected values
+  - Verify alerting rules fire correctly (inject a "bad" state and check alert)
+
+- Update `docker/telemetry/docker-compose.workload.yaml`:
+  - Add the custom OTel Collector build with the xrpld receiver
+  - Configure the receiver to poll one of the test nodes
+
+**Key files**:
+
+- Update: `docker/telemetry/workload/validate_telemetry.py`
+- Update: `docker/telemetry/docker-compose.workload.yaml`
+- Update: `docker/telemetry/workload/expected_metrics.json`
+
+---
+
+## Task 11.11: Documentation
+
+**Objective**: Document the receiver, its metrics, deployment, and alerting.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Create `docker/telemetry/otel-rippled-receiver/README.md`:
+  - Architecture overview (how the receiver fits into the OTel Collector)
+  - Configuration reference (all config options with defaults)
+  - Metric reference table (all exported metrics with types and labels)
+  - Deployment guide (building custom collector binary, docker-compose integration)
+
+- Update `OpenTelemetryPlan/09-data-collection-reference.md`:
+  - Add "Third-Party Metrics (OTel Collector Receiver)" section
+  - Add new Grafana dashboard reference (4 dashboards)
+  - Add alerting rules reference
+
+- Update `docs/telemetry-runbook.md`:
+  - Add "Third-Party Metrics Receiver" troubleshooting section
+  - Add alerting playbook (what to do for each Tier 1/Tier 2 alert)
+
+---
+
+## Task 11.12: Alert Rules for External Dashboard Parity Metrics
+
+> **Source**: [External Dashboard Parity](../docs/superpowers/specs/2026-03-30-external-dashboard-parity-design.md) — 18 alert rules ported from the community [xrpl-validator-dashboard](https://github.com/realgrapedrop/xrpl-validator-dashboard).
+>
+> **Upstream**: Phase 7 Tasks 7.9-7.16 (metrics), Phase 9 Tasks 9.11-9.13 (dashboards).
+> **Downstream**: None — terminal task in the parity chain.
+
+**Objective**: Add Grafana alerting rules for the Phase 7+ parity metrics (validation agreement, validator health, peer quality, state tracking, ledger economy). These complement Task 11.8's `xrpl_*` alerts by covering the `xrpld_*` internal metrics.
+
+**Critical Group** (8 rules, eval interval 10s):
+
+| Rule                | Condition                                                     | For |
+| ------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- | --- |
+| Agreement Below 90% | `xrpld_validation_agreement{metric="agreement_pct_24h"} < 90` | 30s |
+| Not Proposing       | `xrpld_state_tracking{metric="state_value"} < 6`              | 10s |
+| Unhealthy State     | `xrpld_state_tracking{metric="state_value"} < 4`              | 10s |
+| Amendment Blocked   | `xrpld_validator_health{metric="amendment_blocked"} == 1`     | 1m  |
+| UNL Expiring        | `xrpld_validator_health{metric="unl_expiry_days"} < 14`       | 1h  |
+| High IO Latency     | `histogram_quantile(0.95, xrpld_ios_latency_bucket) > 50`     | 1m  |
+| High Load Factor    | `xrpld_load_factor_metrics{metric="load_factor"} > 1000`      | 1m  |
+| Peer Count Critical | `xrpld_server_info{metric="peers"} < 5`                       | 1m  |
+
+**Network Group** (3 rules, eval interval 10s):
+
+| Rule                      | Condition                                                         | For |
+| ------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------- | --- |
+| Peer Drop >10%            | `delta(xrpld_server_info{metric="peers"}[30s]) / ... * 100 < -10` | 30s |
+| Peer Drop >30%            | Same formula, threshold -30                                       | 30s |
+| P90 Latency + Disconnects | `peer_latency_p90_ms > 500 AND rate(disconnects) > 0`             | 2m  |
+
+**Performance Group** (7 rules, eval interval 10s):
+
+| Rule                | Condition                                                    | For |
+| ------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ | --- |
+| CPU High            | Per-core CPU > 80% (requires node_exporter)                  | 2m  |
+| Memory Critical     | Memory usage > 90% (requires node_exporter)                  | 1m  |
+| Disk Warning        | Disk usage > 85% (requires node_exporter)                    | 2m  |
+| Job Queue Overflow  | `rate(xrpld_jq_trans_overflow_total[5m]) > 0`                | 1m  |
+| Upgrade Recommended | `xrpld_peer_quality{metric="peers_higher_version_pct"} > 60` | 1m  |
+| TX Rate Drop        | Transaction rate dropped > 50% in 5m window                  | 5m  |
+| Stale Ledger        | `xrpld_ledger_economy{metric="ledger_age_seconds"} > 30`     | 1m  |
+
+**Notification channel templates**: Email/SMTP, Discord, Slack, PagerDuty.
+
+**Key files**:
+
+- New/extend: `docker/telemetry/grafana/alerting/alert-rules-parity.yaml`
+- New: `docker/telemetry/grafana/alerting/contact-points.yaml` (template configs)
+- New: `docker/telemetry/grafana/alerting/notification-policies.yaml`
+
+**Exit Criteria**:
+
+- [ ] All 18 rules evaluate without errors in Grafana alerting UI
+- [ ] Critical rules fire within expected timeframe when conditions are met
+- [ ] Notification channel templates are documented (not hard-coded to any service)
+
+---
+
+## Task 11.13: Dual-Datasource Architecture Documentation
+
+> **Source**: [External Dashboard Parity](../docs/superpowers/specs/2026-03-30-external-dashboard-parity-design.md)
+
+**Objective**: Document the external dashboard's "fast path" pattern as a future optimization for real-time panels.
+
+**Pattern**: A lightweight Prometheus scrape endpoint (separate from OTLP pipeline) that polls critical metrics every 2-5s, bypassing the 10s OTLP metric reader interval and Prometheus scrape interval.
+
+**Use case**: Real-time state panels (server state, ledger age, peer count) where 10-15s latency is too slow for operational dashboards.
+
+**Decision**: Document as a future option, not implement now. The current 10s interval is acceptable for v1. The external dashboard achieves 2-5s freshness by polling RPC directly, which is what the Phase 11 receiver already does. Adding a separate scrape endpoint to xrpld would only be needed if sub-second metric freshness is required from the internal metrics pipeline.
+
+**What to document**:
+
+- Architecture comparison: OTLP pipeline (10-15s) vs. direct scrape (2-5s) vs. push gateway
+- When to consider: operator feedback indicating 10s is insufficient for alerting SLOs
+- How to implement if needed: add `/metrics` HTTP endpoint to xrpld with Prometheus client library
+- Trade-offs: additional port, additional dependency, duplication with OTLP metrics
+
+**Key files**:
+
+- Update: `OpenTelemetryPlan/09-data-collection-reference.md` (add "Future: Dual-Datasource Architecture" section)
+- Update: `docs/telemetry-runbook.md` (add brief note in performance tuning section)
+
+**Exit Criteria**:
+
+- [ ] Architecture comparison documented with clear trade-offs
+- [ ] Decision rationale recorded (why deferred, when to revisit)
+
+---
+
+## Exit Criteria
+
+- [ ] Custom OTel Collector receiver builds and starts without errors
+- [ ] All `xrpl_*` metrics from server_info, get_counts, peers, validators, fee appear in Prometheus
+- [ ] Metrics update at configured poll interval (default 30s)
+- [ ] 4 new Grafana dashboards operational with data
+- [ ] Prometheus alerting rules fire correctly for simulated failure conditions
+- [ ] DEX/AMM collector works when configured (optional — not required for base exit criteria)
+- [ ] Phase 10 validation suite passes with receiver metrics included
+- [ ] Receiver handles xrpld restart/unavailability gracefully (no crash, logs warning, retries)
+- [ ] Documentation complete: receiver README, metric reference, alerting playbook
+- [ ] Go receiver has unit tests with >80% coverage
+- [ ] 18 Grafana alert rules for Phase 7+ parity metrics evaluate correctly (Task 11.12)
+- [ ] Dual-datasource architecture documented with trade-offs (Task 11.13)

OpenTelemetryPlan/Phase2_taskList.md

@@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
+# Phase 2: RPC Tracing Completion Task List
+
+> **Goal**: Complete RPC tracing coverage with unit tests, Grafana search filters, PathFind instrumentation, and config hardening. Build on the Phase 1c SpanGuard factory foundation to achieve production-quality RPC observability.
+>
+> **Scope**: Unit tests for core telemetry, Grafana Tempo search filters, PathFind RPC tracing, config validation (`std::clamp`).
+>
+> **Branch**: `pratik/otel-phase2-rpc-tracing` (from `pratik/otel-phase1c-rpc-integration`)
+
+### Related Plan Documents
+
+| Document                                                     | Relevance                                                     |
+| ------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| [04-code-samples.md](./04-code-samples.md)                   | TraceContextPropagator (§4.4.2), RPC instrumentation (§4.5.3) |
+| [02-design-decisions.md](./02-design-decisions.md)           | W3C Trace Context (§2.5), span attributes (§2.4.2)            |
+| [06-implementation-phases.md](./06-implementation-phases.md) | Phase 2 tasks (§6.3), definition of done (§6.11.2)            |
+
+---
+
+## Task 2.1: W3C Trace Context HTTP Header Extraction
+
+**Status**: DEFERRED → Phase 3
+
+**Reason**: W3C context propagation (`traceparent`/`tracestate` headers) requires a consumer — in Phase 2, RPC spans are entirely local to the node. Phase 3 introduces cross-node transaction tracing via protobuf context propagation, which is the first use case for extracted trace context. Implementing it here without a consumer would be dead code.
+
+**Implemented in**: `pratik/otel-phase3-tx-tracing` — `TraceContextPropagator.h/.cpp`
+
+---
+
+## Task 2.2: Per-Category Span Creation
+
+**Status**: COMPLETE (superseded by Phase 1c design)
+
+**Original plan**: Add `XRPL_TRACE_PEER` and `XRPL_TRACE_LEDGER` macros.
+
+**Actual implementation**: Phase 1c replaced all tracing macros with the `SpanGuard::span(TraceCategory, prefix, name)` factory pattern. The `TraceCategory` enum (`Rpc`, `Transactions`, `Consensus`, `Peer`, `Ledger`) serves the same conditional-creation purpose without macros. No separate task needed — the factory already supports all categories.
+
+---
+
+## Task 2.3: Add shouldTraceLedger() to Telemetry Interface
+
+**Objective**: The `Setup` struct has a `traceLedger` field but there's no corresponding virtual method. Add it for interface completeness.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Edit `include/xrpl/telemetry/Telemetry.h`:
+  - Add `virtual bool shouldTraceLedger() const = 0;`
+
+- Update all implementations:
+  - `src/libxrpl/telemetry/Telemetry.cpp` (TelemetryImpl, NullTelemetryOtel)
+  - `src/libxrpl/telemetry/NullTelemetry.cpp` (NullTelemetry)
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `include/xrpl/telemetry/Telemetry.h`
+- `src/libxrpl/telemetry/Telemetry.cpp`
+- `src/libxrpl/telemetry/NullTelemetry.cpp`
+
+---
+
+## Task 2.4: Unit Tests for Core Telemetry Infrastructure
+
+**Status**: COMPLETE
+
+**Objective**: Add unit tests for the core telemetry abstractions to validate correctness and catch regressions.
+
+**Implemented**:
+
+- `src/tests/libxrpl/telemetry/TelemetryConfig.cpp`:
+  - Test Setup defaults (all fields have correct initial values)
+  - Test `setupTelemetry` config parser (empty section, full section, edge cases)
+  - Test `samplingRatio` clamping (values outside 0.0-1.0)
+
+- `src/tests/libxrpl/telemetry/SpanGuardFactory.cpp`:
+  - Test null guard methods are safe (setAttribute, setOk, setError, addEvent on null)
+  - Test category span returns null when telemetry disabled
+  - Test child/linked span null when no parent context
+  - Test move construction transfers ownership
+  - Test recordException safe on null guard
+  - Test discard() safe on null guard
+
+- `src/tests/libxrpl/telemetry/main.cpp` — GTest runner
+- `src/tests/libxrpl/CMakeLists.txt` — test target with optional OTel linking
+
+---
+
+## Task 2.5: Enhance RPC Span Attributes
+
+**Status**: DEFERRED (low priority)
+
+**Reason**: The high-value attributes (`command`, `version`, `role`, `status`) are already set by Phase 1c. The remaining HTTP transport-level attributes (`http.method`, `net.peer.ip`, `http.status_code`) provide limited additional insight since:
+
+- `http.method` is always POST for JSON-RPC
+- `net.peer.ip` is debug-level info available in logs
+- `duration_ms` is redundant with span duration (OTel captures start/end time natively)
+
+These can be added later if dashboard queries specifically need them. The node health attributes (Task 2.8) provide far more operational value and were prioritized instead.
+
+---
+
+## Task 2.6: Build Verification and Performance Baseline
+
+**Objective**: Verify the build succeeds with and without telemetry, and establish a performance baseline.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+1. Build with `telemetry=ON` and verify no compilation errors
+2. Build with `telemetry=OFF` and verify no regressions
+3. Run existing unit tests to verify no breakage
+4. Document any build issues in lessons.md
+
+**Verification Checklist**:
+
+- [ ] `conan install . --build=missing -o telemetry=True` succeeds
+- [ ] `cmake --preset default -Dtelemetry=ON` configures correctly
+- [ ] Build succeeds with telemetry ON
+- [ ] Build succeeds with telemetry OFF
+- [ ] Existing tests pass with telemetry ON
+- [ ] Existing tests pass with telemetry OFF
+
+---
+
+## Task 2.8: RPC Span Attribute Enrichment — Node Health Context
+
+**Status**: DROPPED.
+
+Node health (`amendment_blocked`, `server_state`) is not part of the telemetry surface. Operators consume the same data via the existing `server_info` / `server_state` RPC commands, so duplicating it on traces adds storage and cardinality cost without new value. The OTel C++ SDK 1.18.0 also does not support runtime updates to the resource, ruling out resource-level emission of these dynamic-by-nature flags.
+
+---
+
+## Task 2.9: PathFind RPC Instrumentation
+
+**Status**: COMPLETE
+
+**Objective**: Trace the path_find and ripple_path_find RPC handlers to capture request latency and computation cost.
+
+**Spans added**:
+
+- `pathfind.request` — wraps `doPathFind()` and `doRipplePathFind()` RPC handlers
+- `pathfind.compute` — wraps `PathRequest::doUpdate()` (`pathfind_fast` attr)
+- `pathfind.update_all` — wraps `PathRequestManager::updateAll()` on ledger close (`pathfind_ledger_index`, `pathfind_num_requests` attrs; emitted only when active subscriptions exist)
+- `pathfind.discover` — wraps the entire per-source-asset loop in `PathRequest::findPaths()` (`pathfind_search_level`, `pathfind_num_paths` attrs). One span per RPC call instead of N (one per source asset). Trade-off: per-asset breakdown is lost; storage and cardinality bounded.
+
+**Attribute namespacing**: All pathfind attributes use the `pathfind_*` underscore form per the Phase 1c naming-spec rule 5.
+
+**New file**: `src/xrpld/rpc/detail/PathFindSpanNames.h`
+
+**Modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/rpc/handlers/orderbook/PathFind.cpp`
+- `src/xrpld/rpc/handlers/orderbook/RipplePathFind.cpp`
+- `src/xrpld/rpc/detail/PathRequest.cpp`
+- `src/xrpld/rpc/detail/PathRequestManager.cpp`
+- `src/xrpld/rpc/detail/Pathfinder.cpp`
+
+---
+
+## Task 2.10: RPC and PathFind Span Attribute Gap Fill
+
+**Status**: COMPLETE
+
+**Objective**: Wire up workflow-identifying attributes that enable filtering and grouping traces by request characteristics without drilling into child spans.
+
+**Attributes added**:
+
+| Span                | Attribute                    | Type   | Source                            |
+| ------------------- | ---------------------------- | ------ | --------------------------------- |
+| `rpc.http_request`  | `request_payload_size`       | int64  | `request.body().size()`           |
+| `rpc.process`       | `is_batch`                   | bool   | `method == "batch"` check         |
+| `rpc.process`       | `batch_size`                 | int64  | `params.size()` (only when batch) |
+| `rpc.ws_message`    | `command`                    | string | `jv[command]` or `jv[method]`     |
+| `rpc.command.*`     | `load_type`                  | string | `context.loadType.label()`        |
+| `pathfind.compute`  | `pathfind_dest_amount`       | string | `saDstAmount_.getFullText()`      |
+| `pathfind.compute`  | `pathfind_dest_currency`     | string | `to_string(saDstAmount_.asset())` |
+| `pathfind.discover` | `pathfind_num_source_assets` | int64  | `sourceAssets.size()`             |
+
+**New attr keys**: `RpcSpanNames.h` (`isBatch`, `batchSize`, `loadType`), `PathFindSpanNames.h` (`destAmount`, `destCurrency`, `numSourceAssets`).
+
+**Modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/rpc/detail/RpcSpanNames.h`
+- `src/xrpld/rpc/detail/PathFindSpanNames.h`
+- `src/xrpld/rpc/detail/ServerHandler.cpp`
+- `src/xrpld/rpc/detail/RPCHandler.cpp`
+- `src/xrpld/rpc/detail/PathRequest.cpp`
+
+---
+
+## Summary
+
+| Task | Description                                 | Status              | Notes                                                     |
+| ---- | ------------------------------------------- | ------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------- |
+| 2.1  | W3C Trace Context header extraction         | Deferred → Phase 3  | No consumer in Phase 2; needs cross-node tracing          |
+| 2.2  | Per-category span creation                  | Complete (Phase 1c) | Superseded by TraceCategory enum + SpanGuard              |
+| 2.3  | Add shouldTraceLedger() interface method    | Complete (Phase 1c) | Delivered in Phase 1c base branch                         |
+| 2.4  | Unit tests for core telemetry               | Complete            | TelemetryConfig + SpanGuardFactory tests                  |
+| 2.5  | Enhanced RPC span attributes (HTTP-level)   | Deferred            | Low value; span duration covers timing natively           |
+| 2.6  | Build verification and performance baseline | Complete            | Verified in CI on Phase 1c                                |
+| 2.7  | Grafana Tempo search filters                | Complete            | rpc-command, rpc-status, rpc-role filters                 |
+| 2.8  | RPC span attribute enrichment (node health) | Dropped             | Available via `server_info`/`server_state` RPC            |
+| 2.9  | PathFind RPC instrumentation                | Complete            | request, compute, update_all, discover                    |
+| 2.10 | RPC/PathFind span attribute gap fill        | Complete            | Batch detection, payload size, load cost, pathfind params |
+
+**Delivered in this branch**: Tasks 2.4, 2.7, 2.9, 2.10.
+**Deferred with rationale**: Tasks 2.1 (→Phase 3), 2.5 (low priority).
+**Dropped**: Task 2.8 (node health not duplicated on traces).
+**Superseded**: Task 2.2 (Phase 1c SpanGuard factory covers this).
+
+---
+
+## Known Issues / Future Work
+
+### Thread safety of TelemetryImpl::stop() vs startSpan()
+
+`TelemetryImpl::stop()` resets `sdkProvider_` (a `std::shared_ptr`) without
+synchronization. `getTracer()` reads the same member from RPC handler threads.
+This is a data race if any thread calls `startSpan()` concurrently with `stop()`.
+
+**Current mitigation**: `Application::stop()` shuts down `serverHandler_`,
+`overlay_`, and `jobQueue_` before calling `telemetry_->stop()`, so no callers
+remain. See comments in `Telemetry.cpp:stop()` and `Application.cpp`.
+
+**TODO**: Add an `std::atomic<bool> stopped_` flag checked in `getTracer()` to
+make this robust against future shutdown order changes.
+
+### Macro incompatibility: XRPL_TRACE_SPAN vs XRPL_TRACE_SET_ATTR
+
+`XRPL_TRACE_SPAN` and `XRPL_TRACE_SPAN_KIND` declare `_xrpl_guard_` as a bare
+`SpanGuard`, but `XRPL_TRACE_SET_ATTR` and `XRPL_TRACE_EXCEPTION` call
+`_xrpl_guard_.has_value()` which requires `std::optional<SpanGuard>`. Using
+`XRPL_TRACE_SPAN` followed by `XRPL_TRACE_SET_ATTR` in the same scope would
+fail to compile.
+
+**Current mitigation**: No call site currently uses `XRPL_TRACE_SPAN` — all
+production code uses the conditional macros (`XRPL_TRACE_RPC`, `XRPL_TRACE_TX`,
+etc.) which correctly wrap the guard in `std::optional`.
+
+**TODO**: Either make `XRPL_TRACE_SPAN`/`XRPL_TRACE_SPAN_KIND` also wrap in
+`std::optional`, or document that `XRPL_TRACE_SET_ATTR` is only compatible with
+the conditional macros.

OpenTelemetryPlan/Phase3_taskList.md

@@ -0,0 +1,537 @@
+# Phase 3: Transaction Tracing Task List
+
+> **Goal**: Trace the full transaction lifecycle from RPC submission through peer relay, including cross-node context propagation via Protocol Buffer extensions. This is the WALK phase that demonstrates true distributed tracing.
+>
+> **Scope**: Protocol Buffer `TraceContext` message, context serialization, PeerImp transaction instrumentation, NetworkOPs processing instrumentation, HashRouter visibility, and multi-node relay context propagation.
+>
+> **Branch**: `pratik/otel-phase3-tx-tracing` (from `pratik/otel-phase2-rpc-tracing`)
+
+### Related Plan Documents
+
+| Document                                                     | Relevance                                                                                        |
+| ------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
+| [04-code-samples.md](./04-code-samples.md)                   | TraceContext protobuf (§4.4.1), PeerImp instrumentation (§4.5.1), context serialization (§4.4.2) |
+| [01-architecture-analysis.md](./01-architecture-analysis.md) | Transaction flow (§1.3), key trace points (§1.6)                                                 |
+| [06-implementation-phases.md](./06-implementation-phases.md) | Phase 3 tasks (§6.4), definition of done (§6.11.3)                                               |
+| [02-design-decisions.md](./02-design-decisions.md)           | Context propagation design (§2.5), attribute schema (§2.4.3)                                     |
+
+---
+
+## Task 3.1: Define TraceContext Protocol Buffer Message
+
+**Objective**: Add trace context fields to the P2P protocol messages so trace IDs can propagate across nodes.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Edit `include/xrpl/proto/xrpl.proto` (or `src/xrpld/proto/ripple.proto`, wherever the proto is):
+  - Add `TraceContext` message definition:
+    ```protobuf
+    message TraceContext {
+        bytes trace_id = 1;      // 16-byte trace identifier
+        bytes span_id = 2;       // 8-byte span identifier
+        uint32 trace_flags = 3;  // bit 0 = sampled
+        string trace_state = 4;  // W3C tracestate value
+    }
+    ```
+  - Add `optional TraceContext trace_context = 1001;` to:
+    - `TMTransaction`
+    - `TMProposeSet` (for Phase 4 use)
+    - `TMValidation` (for Phase 4 use)
+  - Use high field numbers (1001+) to avoid conflicts with existing fields
+
+- Regenerate protobuf C++ code
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `include/xrpl/proto/xrpl.proto` (or equivalent)
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [04-code-samples.md §4.4.1](./04-code-samples.md) — TraceContext message definition
+- [02-design-decisions.md §2.5.2](./02-design-decisions.md) — Protocol buffer context propagation design
+
+---
+
+## Task 3.2: Implement Protobuf Context Serialization
+
+**Objective**: Create utilities to serialize/deserialize OTel trace context to/from protobuf `TraceContext` messages.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Create `include/xrpl/telemetry/TraceContextPropagator.h` (extend from Phase 2 if exists, or add protobuf methods):
+  - Add protobuf-specific methods:
+    - `static Context extractFromProtobuf(protocol::TraceContext const& proto)` — reconstruct OTel context from protobuf fields
+    - `static void injectToProtobuf(Context const& ctx, protocol::TraceContext& proto)` — serialize current span context into protobuf fields
+  - Both methods guard behind `#ifdef XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY`
+
+- Create/extend `src/libxrpl/telemetry/TraceContextPropagator.cpp`:
+  - Implement extraction: read trace_id (16 bytes), span_id (8 bytes), trace_flags from protobuf, construct `SpanContext`, wrap in `Context`
+  - Implement injection: get current span from context, serialize its TraceId, SpanId, and TraceFlags into protobuf fields
+
+**Key new/modified files**:
+
+- `include/xrpl/telemetry/TraceContextPropagator.h`
+- `src/libxrpl/telemetry/TraceContextPropagator.cpp`
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [04-code-samples.md §4.4.2](./04-code-samples.md) — Full extract/inject implementation
+
+---
+
+## Task 3.3: Instrument PeerImp Transaction Handling
+
+**Objective**: Add trace spans to the peer-level transaction receive and relay path.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Edit `src/xrpld/overlay/detail/PeerImp.cpp`:
+  - In `onMessage(TMTransaction)` / `handleTransaction()`:
+    - Extract parent trace context from incoming `TMTransaction::trace_context` field (if present)
+    - Create `tx.receive` span as child of extracted context (or new root if none)
+    - Set attributes: `tx_hash`, `peer_id`, `tx_status`
+    - On HashRouter suppression (duplicate): set `suppressed=true`, add `tx.duplicate` event
+    - Wrap validation call with child span `tx.validate`
+    - Wrap relay with `tx.relay` span
+  - When relaying to peers:
+    - Inject current trace context into outgoing `TMTransaction::trace_context`
+    - Set `relay_count` attribute
+
+- Use `SpanGuard::span(TraceCategory::Transactions, "tx", "receive")` factory
+  (Phase 1c replaced macros with the SpanGuard factory pattern)
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/overlay/detail/PeerImp.cpp`
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [04-code-samples.md §4.5.1](./04-code-samples.md) — Full PeerImp instrumentation example
+- [01-architecture-analysis.md §1.3](./01-architecture-analysis.md) — Transaction flow diagram
+- [01-architecture-analysis.md §1.6](./01-architecture-analysis.md) — tx.receive trace point
+
+---
+
+## Task 3.4: Instrument NetworkOPs Transaction Processing
+
+**Objective**: Trace the transaction processing pipeline in NetworkOPs, covering both sync and async paths.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Edit `src/xrpld/app/misc/NetworkOPs.cpp`:
+  - In `processTransaction()`:
+    - Create `tx.process` span
+    - Set attributes: `tx_hash`, `tx_type`, `local` (whether from RPC or peer)
+    - Record whether sync or async path is taken
+
+  - In `doTransactionAsync()`:
+    - Capture parent context before queuing
+    - Create `tx.queue` span with queue depth attribute
+    - Add event when transaction is dequeued for processing
+
+  - In `doTransactionSync()`:
+    - Create `tx.process_sync` span
+    - Record result (applied, queued, rejected)
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/app/misc/NetworkOPs.cpp`
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [01-architecture-analysis.md §1.6](./01-architecture-analysis.md) — tx.validate and tx.process trace points
+- [02-design-decisions.md §2.4.3](./02-design-decisions.md) — Transaction attribute schema
+
+---
+
+## Task 3.5: Instrument HashRouter for Dedup Visibility
+
+**Objective**: Make transaction deduplication visible in traces by recording HashRouter decisions as span attributes/events.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Edit `src/xrpld/overlay/detail/PeerImp.cpp` (in handleTransaction):
+  - After calling `HashRouter::shouldProcess()` or `addSuppressionPeer()`:
+    - Record `suppressed` attribute (true/false)
+    - Record `tx_flags` showing current HashRouter state (SAVED, TRUSTED, etc.)
+    - Add `tx.first_seen` or `tx.duplicate` event
+
+- This is NOT a modification to HashRouter itself — just recording its decisions as span attributes in the existing PeerImp instrumentation from Task 3.3.
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/overlay/detail/PeerImp.cpp` (same changes as 3.3, logically grouped)
+
+---
+
+## Task 3.6: Context Propagation in Transaction Relay
+
+**Status**: COMPLETE
+
+**Objective**: Ensure trace context flows correctly when transactions are relayed between peers, creating linked spans across nodes.
+
+**What was done**:
+
+- **TX send side**: `NetworkOPs::apply()` now injects the tx.process span's trace
+  context into the outgoing `TMTransaction` protobuf before relay, using
+  `telemetry::injectSpanContext()`. The receiving node's `txReceiveSpan()` (already
+  wired in PeerImp) extracts the parent span_id and creates the tx.receive span
+  as a child of the sender's tx.process span.
+
+- **Proposal send/receive**: `RCLConsensus::Adaptor::propose()` injects the
+  current thread's active span context into the `TMProposeSet` protobuf via
+  `telemetry::injectToProtobuf()`. PeerImp creates a
+  `consensus.proposal.receive` span that extracts the sender's trace context
+  as parent (via `ConsensusReceiveTracing.h`).
+
+- **Validation send/receive**: `RCLConsensus::Adaptor::validate()` injects
+  the current thread's active span context into the `TMValidation` protobuf.
+  PeerImp creates a `consensus.validation.receive` span that extracts the
+  sender's trace context as parent.
+
+- **Edge cases**: Missing trace context (older peers) degrades gracefully to
+  standalone spans. Invalid/corrupted context is treated as absent. Trace
+  flags are propagated and respected.
+
+**New infrastructure**:
+
+- `SpanGuard::getTraceBytes()` — extracts raw trace_id/span_id/trace_flags
+  from a span without exposing OTel types. Safe to call from any thread.
+- `PropagationHelpers.h` — `injectSpanContext(SpanGuard&, proto)` bridge
+  between SpanGuard and protobuf TraceContext.
+- `TraceContextPropagator.h` — `injectToProtobuf(ctx, proto)` for
+  same-thread injection via OTel RuntimeContext (used in propose/validate).
+- `ConsensusReceiveTracing.h` — `proposalReceiveSpan()` and
+  `validationReceiveSpan()` helper functions that create receive spans with
+  optional parent context extraction from incoming protobuf messages.
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/app/misc/NetworkOPs.cpp` — tx relay injection
+- `src/xrpld/app/consensus/RCLConsensus.cpp` — proposal/validation send injection
+- `src/xrpld/overlay/detail/PeerImp.cpp` — proposal/validation receive spans
+- `include/xrpl/telemetry/SpanGuard.h` — `TraceBytes` struct, `getTraceBytes()`
+- `src/libxrpl/telemetry/SpanGuard.cpp` — `getTraceBytes()` implementation
+- `src/xrpld/telemetry/PropagationHelpers.h` — inject helpers (new file)
+- `src/xrpld/telemetry/ConsensusReceiveTracing.h` — receive span helpers (new file)
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [02-design-decisions.md §2.5](./02-design-decisions.md) — Context propagation design
+- [04-code-samples.md §4.5.1](./04-code-samples.md) — Relay context injection pattern
+
+---
+
+## Task 3.7: Build Verification and Testing
+
+**Objective**: Verify all Phase 3 changes compile and work correctly.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+1. Build with `telemetry=ON` — verify no compilation errors
+2. Build with `telemetry=OFF` — verify no regressions
+3. Run existing unit tests
+4. Verify protobuf regeneration produces correct C++ code
+5. Document any issues encountered
+
+**Verification Checklist**:
+
+- [ ] Protobuf changes generate valid C++
+- [ ] Build succeeds with telemetry ON
+- [ ] Build succeeds with telemetry OFF
+- [ ] Existing tests pass
+- [ ] No undefined symbols from new telemetry calls
+
+---
+
+## Task 3.8: Transaction Span Peer Version Attribute
+
+> **Source**: [External Dashboard Parity](../docs/superpowers/specs/2026-03-30-external-dashboard-parity-design.md) — adds peer version context inspired by the community [xrpl-validator-dashboard](https://github.com/realgrapedrop/xrpl-validator-dashboard).
+>
+> **Upstream**: Phase 2 (RPC span infrastructure must exist).
+> **Downstream**: Phase 10 (validation checks for this attribute).
+
+**Objective**: Add the relaying peer's xrpld version to `tx.receive` spans so operators can correlate transaction issues with peer version mismatches during network upgrades.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Edit `src/xrpld/overlay/detail/PeerImp.cpp`:
+  - In the `tx.receive` span block (after existing `peer_id` setAttribute call):
+    - Add `peer_version` (string) — from `this->getVersion()`
+    - Only set if `getVersion()` returns a non-empty string (avoid empty-string attributes)
+
+**New span attribute**:
+
+| Attribute      | Type   | Source               | Example         |
+| -------------- | ------ | -------------------- | --------------- |
+| `peer_version` | string | `peer->getVersion()` | `"xrpld-2.4.0"` |
+
+**Rationale**: Transaction relay is where version mismatches cause subtle serialization or validation bugs. Tracing "this tx came from a v2.3.0 peer" helps diagnose compatibility issues. The community dashboard tracks peer versions externally; this brings version awareness into the trace itself.
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/overlay/detail/PeerImp.cpp`
+
+**Exit Criteria**:
+
+- [ ] `tx.receive` spans carry `peer_version` attribute with a non-empty version string
+- [ ] Attribute is omitted (not set to empty string) when `getVersion()` returns empty
+- [ ] Attribute visible in Tempo trace detail view
+
+---
+
+## Task 3.9: Deterministic Transaction Trace ID
+
+> **Upstream**: Task 3.2 (protobuf serialization), Task 3.3 (PeerImp span exists).
+> **Downstream**: Phase 10 (workload validation can query by tx hash directly).
+> **Pattern**: Mirrors the consensus deterministic trace ID in Phase 4a
+> (`createDeterministicContext` in `RCLConsensus.cpp`), adapted for transactions.
+
+**Objective**: Derive the trace_id for transaction spans deterministically from the
+transaction hash so that all nodes handling the same transaction independently produce
+spans under the same trace_id — regardless of whether protobuf context propagation
+succeeds.
+
+**Why**: The current approach creates spans with random trace_ids and relies entirely
+on protobuf `TraceContext` propagation to link them. If any hop in the relay chain
+drops the context (older peers, message corruption, mixed-version networks), the trace
+splits and downstream spans become impossible to find. With deterministic trace_ids,
+correlation is guaranteed because every node derives the same trace_id from the same
+`txID`.
+
+**Approach — deterministic trace_id + protobuf span_id propagation**:
+
+1. Derive `trace_id = txHash[0:16]` (first 16 bytes of the 32-byte transaction hash).
+2. Generate a random 8-byte `span_id` per node (each node's span is unique within
+   the shared trace).
+3. Create the span under this deterministic context as parent.
+4. **Additionally**, if protobuf `TraceContext` is present in the incoming
+   `TMTransaction` message, extract the sender's `span_id` and use it as the span's
+   parent — this preserves parent-child ordering in the trace tree.
+5. If protobuf context is absent (older peer, first hop), the span still has the
+   correct deterministic `trace_id` — it appears as a sibling root in the same trace
+   rather than being lost.
+
+This gives the best of both worlds: guaranteed cross-node correlation via deterministic
+`trace_id`, plus parent-child relay ordering via protobuf `span_id` when available.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Create `createDeterministicTxContext(uint256 const& txHash)` utility function:
+  - Location: shared header or file-local in `PeerImp.cpp` and `NetworkOPs.cpp`
+    (or a shared telemetry utility if both need it).
+  - Pattern: identical to `createDeterministicContext(uint256 const& ledgerId)` in
+    `RCLConsensus.cpp` — take `txHash[0:16]` as trace_id, random span_id via
+    `default_prng()`, sampled flag set, `remote=false`.
+  - Guard behind `#ifdef XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY`.
+
+  ```cpp
+  opentelemetry::context::Context
+  createDeterministicTxContext(uint256 const& txHash)
+  {
+      namespace trace = opentelemetry::trace;
+
+      // First 16 bytes of the 32-byte tx hash as trace ID.
+      trace::TraceId traceId(
+          opentelemetry::nostd::span<uint8_t const, 16>(txHash.data(), 16));
+
+      // Random span_id so each node's span is unique within the trace.
+      uint8_t spanIdBytes[8];
+      auto const rval = default_prng()();
+      std::memcpy(spanIdBytes, &rval, sizeof(spanIdBytes));
+      trace::SpanId spanId(
+          opentelemetry::nostd::span<uint8_t const, 8>(spanIdBytes, 8));
+
+      trace::SpanContext syntheticCtx(
+          traceId, spanId, trace::TraceFlags(1), /* remote = */ false);
+
+      return opentelemetry::context::Context{}.SetValue(
+          trace::kSpanKey,
+          opentelemetry::nostd::shared_ptr<trace::Span>(
+              new trace::DefaultSpan(syntheticCtx)));
+  }
+  ```
+
+- Edit `src/xrpld/overlay/detail/PeerImp.cpp` — restructure `handleTransaction()`:
+  - **Move span creation after deserialization** (txID must be known first):
+    1. Deserialize `STTx` and get `txID` (existing code at line ~1382).
+    2. Create deterministic parent context: `auto detCtx = createDeterministicTxContext(txID)`.
+    3. If `m->has_trace_context()`: extract protobuf context via `extractFromProtobuf()`,
+       **combine** with deterministic trace_id — use the protobuf span_id as parent
+       to preserve relay ordering, but override trace_id with the deterministic one.
+    4. If no protobuf context: create span under `detCtx` directly.
+    5. Set all existing attributes (`hash`, `peerId`, `peerVersion`, `suppressed`, etc.).
+
+  - **Combining deterministic trace_id with protobuf parent span_id**:
+    When both are available, construct a synthetic `SpanContext` with:
+    - `trace_id` = `txHash[0:16]` (deterministic)
+    - `span_id` = extracted from protobuf (sender's span_id → becomes parent)
+    - `trace_flags` = from protobuf
+    - `remote` = true (came from another node)
+
+    ```cpp
+    // Pseudo-code for the combined context:
+    auto detTraceId = trace::TraceId(txHash.data(), 16);
+    auto remoteSpanId = /* from extractFromProtobuf */;
+    auto remoteFlags = /* from extractFromProtobuf */;
+
+    trace::SpanContext combinedCtx(
+        detTraceId, remoteSpanId, remoteFlags, /* remote = */ true);
+    // Use as parent context for the new span.
+    ```
+
+- Edit `src/xrpld/app/misc/NetworkOPs.cpp` — update `processTransaction()`:
+  - `transaction->getID()` is already available at the top of the function.
+  - Create deterministic parent context from `txID`.
+  - Create `tx.process` span under this context.
+  - No protobuf context to extract here (NetworkOPs is intra-node), so
+    deterministic context alone is sufficient.
+
+- Add `trace_strategy` attribute to spans:
+  - Add `inline constexpr auto traceStrategy = "trace_strategy";`
+    to `TxSpanNames.h`.
+  - Set on each tx span: `span.setAttribute(tx_span::attr::traceStrategy, "deterministic")`.
+
+**Key new/modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/overlay/detail/PeerImp.cpp` — restructured span creation
+- `src/xrpld/app/misc/NetworkOPs.cpp` — deterministic context for tx.process
+- `src/xrpld/app/misc/TxSpanNames.h` — new `traceStrategy` attribute constant
+- New or shared utility for `createDeterministicTxContext()` (location TBD: could be
+  a shared header like `include/xrpl/telemetry/DeterministicContext.h`, or file-local
+  if only used in two places)
+
+**Interaction with existing tasks**:
+
+- **Task 3.3 (PeerImp instrumentation)**: The span creation in `handleTransaction()`
+  must be restructured — the span currently starts before `txID` is known. This task
+  moves it after deserialization.
+- **Task 3.6 (Relay context propagation)**: Protobuf injection at the relay site
+  remains the same — `injectToProtobuf()` serializes the current span's `span_id`.
+  The receiver extracts it and combines with the deterministic `trace_id`.
+- **Phase 4a (Consensus deterministic trace ID)**: This task follows the same pattern.
+  Consider extracting a shared utility (e.g., `createDeterministicContext(uint256)`)
+  that both consensus and transaction tracing use.
+
+**Exit Criteria**:
+
+- [ ] `tx.receive` and `tx.process` spans have deterministic trace_id = `txHash[0:16]`
+- [ ] All nodes handling the same transaction produce spans under the same trace_id
+- [x] Protobuf `span_id` propagation still works when available (parent-child ordering)
+- [ ] Missing protobuf context (old peer) degrades gracefully to sibling spans, not lost traces
+- [ ] `trace_strategy` attribute set to `"deterministic"` on all tx spans
+- [ ] Trace queryable by tx hash (truncate hash → trace_id → direct lookup in Tempo)
+
+**Deliverables implemented (not in original plan)**:
+
+- **`SpanGuard::txSpan()` factory method** (`include/xrpl/telemetry/SpanGuard.h`):
+  Two overloads for creating transaction spans with deterministic trace IDs:
+  - `txSpan(category, group, name, txHash)` — standalone span (deterministic
+    trace_id from `txHash[0:16]`, no parent span_id).
+  - `txSpan(category, group, name, txHash, parentCtx)` — child span (deterministic
+    trace_id combined with protobuf-extracted parent span_id for relay ordering).
+
+- **`TxTracing.h` helper functions** (`src/xrpld/overlay/detail/TxTracing.h`):
+  File-local helpers that wrap `SpanGuard::txSpan()` for the two main PeerImp call
+  sites:
+  - `txReceiveSpan(txHash, parentCtx)` — creates `tx.receive` span with
+    deterministic trace_id and optional protobuf parent context.
+  - `txProcessSpan(txHash)` — creates `tx.process` span with deterministic
+    trace_id only (no protobuf parent, used intra-node).
+  - **Note**: `TxTracing.h` includes `xrpl.pb.h` unconditionally (outside
+    `#ifdef XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY`) because `protocol::TMTransaction` appears in
+    the function signatures regardless of telemetry build mode.
+
+---
+
+## Task 3.10: TxQ Instrumentation
+
+**Status**: COMPLETE
+
+**Objective**: Trace the transaction queue lifecycle — enqueue decisions, direct apply, batch clear, ledger-close accept loop, per-tx apply, and cleanup.
+
+**Spans added**:
+
+- `txq.enqueue` — wraps `TxQ::apply()` with tx_hash attribute
+- `txq.apply_direct` — wraps `TxQ::tryDirectApply()` fast-path
+- `txq.batch_clear` — wraps `TxQ::tryClearAccountQueueUpThruTx()`
+- `txq.accept` — wraps `TxQ::accept()` ledger-close dequeue with queue_size attr
+- `txq.accept_tx` — per-tx span inside accept loop with tx_hash, ter_code,
+  retries_remaining attributes
+- `txq.cleanup` — wraps `TxQ::processClosedLedger()` with ledger_seq attribute
+
+**New file**: `src/xrpld/app/misc/detail/TxQSpanNames.h`
+
+**Modified file**: `src/xrpld/app/misc/detail/TxQ.cpp`
+
+---
+
+## Task 3.11: TX and TxQ Span Attribute Gap Fill
+
+**Status**: COMPLETE
+
+**Objective**: Add workflow-identifying attributes to transaction spans so operators can filter by transaction type and see outcomes without off-chain correlation.
+
+**Attributes added**:
+
+| Span            | Attribute        | Type   | Source                                                              |
+| --------------- | ---------------- | ------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `tx.process`    | `tx_type`        | string | `TxFormats::getInstance().findByType(stx->getTxnType())->getName()` |
+| `tx.process`    | `fee`            | int64  | `stx->getFieldAmount(sfFee).xrp().drops()`                          |
+| `tx.process`    | `sequence`       | int64  | `stx->getSeqProxy().value()`                                        |
+| `tx.process`    | `ter_result`     | string | `transToken(e.result)` (set after batch application)                |
+| `tx.process`    | `applied`        | bool   | `e.applied` (set after batch application)                           |
+| `tx.receive`    | `tx_type`        | string | `TxFormats::getInstance().findByType(stx->getTxnType())->getName()` |
+| `txq.enqueue`   | `tx_type`        | string | same pattern as above                                               |
+| `txq.accept.tx` | `txq_status`     | string | `applied` / `failed` / `retried`                                    |
+| `txq.accept`    | `ledger_changed` | bool   | set at end of accept loop                                           |
+
+**New attr keys**: `TxSpanNames.h` (`txType`, `fee`, `sequence`, `terResult`, `applied`), `TxQSpanNames.h` (`txType`).
+
+**Modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/app/misc/TxSpanNames.h`
+- `src/xrpld/app/misc/detail/TxQSpanNames.h`
+- `src/xrpld/app/misc/NetworkOPs.cpp`
+- `src/xrpld/overlay/detail/PeerImp.cpp`
+- `src/xrpld/app/misc/detail/TxQ.cpp`
+
+---
+
+## Summary
+
+| Task | Description                         | New Files | Modified Files | Depends On |
+| ---- | ----------------------------------- | --------- | -------------- | ---------- |
+| 3.1  | TraceContext protobuf message       | 0         | 1              | Phase 2    |
+| 3.2  | Protobuf context serialization      | 1-2       | 0              | 3.1        |
+| 3.3  | PeerImp transaction instrumentation | 0         | 1              | 3.2        |
+| 3.4  | NetworkOPs transaction processing   | 0         | 1              | Phase 2    |
+| 3.5  | HashRouter dedup visibility         | 0         | 1              | 3.3        |
+| 3.6  | Relay context propagation           | 0         | 1-2            | 3.3, 3.5   |
+| 3.7  | Build verification and testing      | 0         | 0              | 3.1-3.6    |
+| 3.8  | TX span peer version attribute      | 0         | 1              | 3.3        |
+| 3.9  | Deterministic transaction trace ID  | 0-1       | 3              | 3.2, 3.3   |
+| 3.10 | TxQ instrumentation (6 spans)       | 1         | 1              | 3.4        |
+| 3.11 | TX/TxQ span attribute gap fill      | 0         | 5              | 3.3, 3.10  |
+
+**Parallel work**: Tasks 3.1 and 3.4 can start in parallel. Task 3.2 depends on 3.1. Tasks 3.3 and 3.5 depend on 3.2. Task 3.6 depends on 3.3 and 3.5. Task 3.8 depends on 3.3 (span must exist). Task 3.9 depends on 3.2 and 3.3. Task 3.10 depends on 3.4 (tx.process span must exist).
+
+**Exit Criteria** (from [06-implementation-phases.md §6.11.3](./06-implementation-phases.md)):
+
+- [x] Transaction traces span across nodes
+- [x] Trace context in Protocol Buffer messages
+- [ ] HashRouter deduplication visible in traces
+- [ ] <5% overhead on transaction throughput
+- [x] Deterministic trace_id: same trace_id for same tx across all nodes
+- [x] Protobuf span_id propagation preserves parent-child ordering when available
+
+---
+
+## Known Issues / Future Work
+
+### Unused trace_state proto field
+
+The `TraceContext.trace_state` field (field 4) in `xrpl.proto` is reserved for
+W3C `tracestate` vendor-specific key-value pairs but is not read or written by
+`TraceContextPropagator`. Wire it when cross-vendor trace propagation is needed.
+No wire cost since proto `optional` fields are zero-cost when absent.

OpenTelemetryPlan/Phase4_taskList.md

@@ -0,0 +1,933 @@
+# Phase 4: Consensus Tracing Task List
+
+> **Goal**: Full observability into consensus rounds — track round lifecycle, phase transitions, proposal handling, and validation. This is the RUN phase that completes the distributed tracing story.
+>
+> **Scope**: RCLConsensus instrumentation for round starts, phase transitions (open/establish/accept), proposal send/receive, validation handling, and correlation with transaction traces from Phase 3.
+>
+> **Branch**: `pratik/otel-phase4-consensus-tracing` (from `pratik/otel-phase3-tx-tracing`)
+
+### Related Plan Documents
+
+| Document                                                     | Relevance                                                   |
+| ------------------------------------------------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------- |
+| [04-code-samples.md](./04-code-samples.md)                   | Consensus instrumentation (§4.5.2), consensus span patterns |
+| [01-architecture-analysis.md](./01-architecture-analysis.md) | Consensus round flow (§1.4), key trace points (§1.6)        |
+| [06-implementation-phases.md](./06-implementation-phases.md) | Phase 4 tasks (§6.5), definition of done (§6.11.4)          |
+| [02-design-decisions.md](./02-design-decisions.md)           | Consensus attribute schema (§2.4.4)                         |
+
+---
+
+## Task 4.1: Instrument Consensus Round Start ✅
+
+**Objective**: Create a root span for each consensus round that captures the round's key parameters.
+
+**Status**: DONE (implemented via Task 4a.2 `startRoundTracing()` helper).
+
+**What was done**:
+
+- `RCLConsensus::Adaptor::startRoundTracing()` creates `consensus.round` span
+  via `SpanGuard::hashSpan()` (deterministic) or `SpanGuard::span()` (attribute strategy)
+- Attributes set: `xrpl.consensus.ledger_id`, `xrpl.ledger.seq`,
+  `xrpl.consensus.mode`, `trace_strategy`, `xrpl.consensus.round_id`
+- Round span stored as `roundSpan_` member in `RCLConsensus::Adaptor`
+- `roundSpanContext_` snapshot captured for cross-thread span linking
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/app/consensus/RCLConsensus.cpp`
+- `src/xrpld/app/consensus/RCLConsensus.h` (span and context members)
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [04-code-samples.md §4.5.2](./04-code-samples.md) — startRound instrumentation example
+- [01-architecture-analysis.md §1.4](./01-architecture-analysis.md) — Consensus round flow
+
+---
+
+## Task 4.2: Instrument Phase Transitions ✅
+
+**Objective**: Create child spans for each consensus phase (open, establish, accept) to show timing breakdown.
+
+**Status**: DONE. All consensus phases are now instrumented:
+
+- `consensus.establish` — created in `Consensus.h::startEstablishTracing()`
+- `consensus.ledger_close` — created in `RCLConsensus.cpp::onClose()`
+- `consensus.accept` / `consensus.accept.apply` — created in `onAccept()` / `doAccept()`
+- `consensus.phase.open` — `openSpan_` member in `Consensus.h`, created in `startRoundInternal()`, ended in `closeLedger()`
+
+**Design notes**:
+
+- `phase` attribute — phases are distinguished by span names instead
+- `phase.enter` / `phase.exit` events — not added (span start/end serves this purpose)
+- `phase_duration_ms` attribute — not set (span duration captures this)
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/app/consensus/RCLConsensus.cpp`
+- `src/xrpld/consensus/Consensus.h` (template-level establish phase tracking)
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [04-code-samples.md §4.5.2](./04-code-samples.md) — phaseTransition instrumentation
+
+---
+
+## Task 4.3: Instrument Proposal Handling ✅
+
+**Objective**: Trace proposal send and receive to show validator coordination.
+
+**Status**: DONE. Both send and receive paths are instrumented.
+
+**What was done**:
+
+- In `Adaptor::propose()`:
+  - Creates `consensus.proposal.send` span via `SpanGuard::span()`
+  - Sets `xrpl.consensus.round` attribute (kept — rule 5)
+
+- In `PeerImp::onMessage(TMProposeSet)`:
+  - Creates `consensus.proposal.receive` span
+  - Sets `trusted` attribute (bool)
+
+**Not implemented** (deferred to Phase 4b — cross-node propagation):
+
+- `consensus.proposal.relay` span in `share(RCLCxPeerPos)` — requires trace context injection
+- Trace context injection/extraction for `TMProposeSet::trace_context`
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/app/consensus/RCLConsensus.cpp`
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [04-code-samples.md §4.5.2](./04-code-samples.md) — peerProposal instrumentation
+- [02-design-decisions.md §2.4.4](./02-design-decisions.md) — Consensus attribute schema
+
+---
+
+## Task 4.4: Instrument Validation Handling ✅
+
+**Objective**: Trace validation send and receive to show ledger validation flow.
+
+**Status**: DONE. Both send and receive paths are instrumented.
+
+**What was done**:
+
+- In `Adaptor::validate()` (called from `doAccept()`):
+  - Creates `consensus.validation.send` span via `Adaptor::createValidationSpan()`
+  - Uses `SpanGuard::linkedSpan()` to create a follows-from link to the round span
+  - Thread-safe: uses `roundSpanContext_` snapshot (captured on consensus thread,
+    read on jtACCEPT thread)
+  - Sets `xrpl.ledger.seq` and `proposing` attributes
+
+- In `PeerImp::onMessage(TMValidation)`:
+  - Creates `consensus.validation.receive` span
+  - Sets `trusted` attribute (bool)
+  - Sets `xrpl.ledger.seq` attribute
+
+**Not implemented** (deferred to Phase 4b — cross-node propagation):
+
+- Validated ledger hash, signing time attributes on send span (see Task 4.8)
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/app/consensus/RCLConsensus.cpp`
+
+---
+
+## Task 4.5: Add Consensus-Specific Attributes ✅
+
+**Objective**: Enrich consensus spans with detailed attributes for debugging and analysis.
+
+**Status**: DONE. All core attributes are set across various spans, including the previously missing `tx_count` and `disputes_count`.
+
+**Implemented attributes** (across various spans):
+
+- `xrpl.ledger.seq` — on `consensus.round`, `consensus.accept.apply`
+- `xrpl.consensus.round` — on `consensus.proposal.send`
+- `xrpl.consensus.mode` — on `consensus.round`, `consensus.ledger_close`
+- `proposers` — on `consensus.accept`, `consensus.establish`, `consensus.update_positions`
+- `converge_percent` — on `consensus.establish`, `consensus.update_positions`, `consensus.check`
+- `tx_count` — on `consensus.accept.apply` span (in `doAccept()`)
+- `disputes_count` — on `consensus.update_positions` span (in `updateOurPositions()`)
+
+**Design notes**:
+
+- `phase` — phases distinguished by span names instead
+- `phase_duration_ms` — span duration captures this
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/app/consensus/RCLConsensus.cpp`
+- `src/xrpld/consensus/Consensus.h`
+
+---
+
+## Task 4.6: Correlate Transaction and Consensus Traces ✅
+
+**Objective**: Link transaction traces from Phase 3 with consensus traces so you can follow a transaction from submission through consensus into the ledger.
+
+**Status**: DONE. Transaction-consensus correlation implemented via `tx.included` events in `doAccept()`.
+
+**What was done**:
+
+- In `doAccept()` (RCLConsensus.cpp):
+  - Records `tx.included` events on the `consensus.accept.apply` span for each transaction in the accepted set
+  - Each event includes `xrpl.tx.id` attribute with the transaction hash
+  - This links consensus traces to individual transactions
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/app/consensus/RCLConsensus.cpp`
+
+---
+
+## Task 4.7: Build Verification and Testing ✅
+
+**Objective**: Verify all Phase 4 changes compile and don't affect consensus timing.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+1. Build with `telemetry=ON` — verify no compilation errors
+2. Build with `telemetry=OFF` — verify no regressions (critical for consensus code)
+3. Run existing consensus-related unit tests
+4. Verify that `SpanGuard` factory methods compile to no-ops when disabled
+5. Check that no consensus-critical code paths are affected by instrumentation overhead
+
+**Verification Checklist**:
+
+- [x] Build succeeds with telemetry ON
+- [x] Build succeeds with telemetry OFF
+- [x] Existing consensus tests pass
+- [x] `SpanGuard` no-op implementation prevents overhead when telemetry is OFF
+- [x] Phase timing instrumentation doesn't use blocking operations
+
+---
+
+## Task 4.8: Consensus Validation Span Enrichment — NOT DONE
+
+> **Source**: [External Dashboard Parity](../docs/superpowers/specs/2026-03-30-external-dashboard-parity-design.md) — adds validation agreement context inspired by the community [xrpl-validator-dashboard](https://github.com/realgrapedrop/xrpl-validator-dashboard).
+>
+> **Upstream**: Phase 4 tasks 4.1-4.4 (span creation must exist).
+> **Downstream**: Phase 7 (ValidationTracker reads these attributes), Phase 10 (validation checks).
+
+**Objective**: Add ledger hash, validation type, and quorum data to consensus validation spans on both send and receive paths. This enables trace-level validation agreement analysis — filter by ledger hash to see which validators agreed for a given ledger.
+
+**Status**: Not implemented. None of the enrichment attributes are set. The `consensus.validation.send` span only has `ledger.seq` and `proposing`. The `consensus.accept` span has `quorum` set to `result.proposers` (not the actual validator quorum from `app_.validators().quorum()`). No `PeerImp.cpp` changes were made.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Edit `src/xrpld/app/consensus/RCLConsensus.cpp`:
+  - On the `consensus.validation.send` span (in `validate()` / `doAccept()`):
+    - Add `xrpl.validation.ledger_hash` (string) — the ledger hash being validated
+    - Add `xrpl.validation.full` (bool) — whether this is a full validation (not partial)
+  - On the `consensus.accept` span (in `onAccept()`):
+    - Add `validation_quorum` (int64) — from `app_.validators().quorum()`
+    - Add `proposers_validated` (int64) — from `result.proposers`
+
+- Edit `src/xrpld/overlay/detail/PeerImp.cpp`:
+  - On the `peer.validation.receive` span:
+    - Add `xrpl.peer.validation.ledger_hash` (string) — from deserialized `STValidation` object
+    - Add `xrpl.peer.validation.full` (bool) — from `STValidation` flags
+
+**New span attributes**:
+
+| Span                        | Attribute                          | Type   | Source                            |
+| --------------------------- | ---------------------------------- | ------ | --------------------------------- |
+| `consensus.validation.send` | `xrpl.validation.ledger_hash`      | string | Ledger hash from validate() args  |
+| `consensus.validation.send` | `xrpl.validation.full`             | bool   | Full vs partial validation        |
+| `peer.validation.receive`   | `xrpl.peer.validation.ledger_hash` | string | From STValidation deserialization |
+| `peer.validation.receive`   | `xrpl.peer.validation.full`        | bool   | From STValidation flags           |
+| `consensus.accept`          | `validation_quorum`                | int64  | `app_.validators().quorum()`      |
+| `consensus.accept`          | `proposers_validated`              | int64  | `result.proposers`                |
+
+**Rationale**: The external dashboard's most valuable feature is validation agreement tracking. By recording the ledger hash on both outgoing and incoming validation spans, we create the raw data for agreement analysis at the trace level. Example Tempo query:
+
+```
+{name="consensus.validation.send"} | xrpl.validation.ledger_hash = "A1B2C3..."
+```
+
+Phase 7's `ValidationTracker` builds metric-level aggregation (1h/24h agreement %) on top of this data.
+
+**Key modified files (not yet modified)**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/app/consensus/RCLConsensus.cpp`
+- `src/xrpld/overlay/detail/PeerImp.cpp`
+
+**Exit Criteria**:
+
+- [x] `consensus.validation.send` spans carry `ledger_hash` and `full_validation`
+- [ ] `peer.validation.receive` spans carry `xrpl.peer.validation.ledger_hash` and `xrpl.peer.validation.full`
+- [ ] `consensus.accept` spans carry `validation_quorum` and `proposers_validated`
+- [x] Ledger hash attributes match between send and receive for the same ledger
+- [ ] No impact on consensus performance
+
+---
+
+## Task 4.9: Consensus Span Attribute Gap Fill
+
+**Status**: COMPLETE
+
+**Objective**: Add workflow-critical attributes to consensus spans that enable operators to understand consensus outcomes, identify bow-out proposals, and correlate validations to specific ledgers.
+
+**Attributes added**:
+
+| Span                        | Attribute         | Type   | Source                                |
+| --------------------------- | ----------------- | ------ | ------------------------------------- |
+| `consensus.proposal.send`   | `is_bow_out`      | bool   | `proposal.isBowOut()`                 |
+| `consensus.accept`          | `consensus_state` | string | `result.state` (yes/moved_on/expired) |
+| `consensus.accept`          | `disputes_count`  | int64  | `result.disputes.size()`              |
+| `consensus.validation.send` | `ledger_hash`     | string | `ledger.ledger->header().hash`        |
+
+**New attr keys**: `ConsensusSpanNames.h` (`isBowOut`, `ledgerHash`).
+
+**Modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/consensus/ConsensusSpanNames.h`
+- `src/xrpld/app/consensus/RCLConsensus.cpp`
+
+---
+
+## Summary
+
+| Task | Description                                 | Status      | New Files | Modified Files | Depends On    |
+| ---- | ------------------------------------------- | ----------- | --------- | -------------- | ------------- |
+| 4.1  | Consensus round start instrumentation       | ✅ Done     | 0         | 2              | Phase 3       |
+| 4.2  | Phase transition instrumentation            | ✅ Done     | 0         | 1-2            | 4.1           |
+| 4.3  | Proposal handling instrumentation           | ✅ Done     | 0         | 2              | 4.1           |
+| 4.4  | Validation handling instrumentation         | ✅ Done     | 0         | 2              | 4.1           |
+| 4.5  | Consensus-specific attributes               | ✅ Done     | 0         | 2              | 4.2, 4.3, 4.4 |
+| 4.6  | Transaction-consensus correlation           | ✅ Done     | 0         | 1              | 4.2, Phase 3  |
+| 4.7  | Build verification and testing              | ✅ Done     | 0         | 0              | 4.1-4.6       |
+| 4.8  | Validation span enrichment (ext. dashboard) | ❌ Not done | 0         | 2              | 4.4           |
+| 4.9  | Consensus span attribute gap fill           | ✅ Done     | 0         | 2              | 4.1-4.5       |
+
+**Parallel work**: Tasks 4.2, 4.3, and 4.4 can run in parallel after 4.1 is complete. Task 4.5 depends on all three. Task 4.6 depends on 4.2 and Phase 3. Task 4.8 depends on 4.4 (validation spans must exist).
+
+### Implemented Spans
+
+| Span Name                   | Method                             | Key Attributes                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
+| --------------------------- | ---------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `consensus.proposal.send`   | `Adaptor::propose`                 | `xrpl.consensus.round`, `is_bow_out`                                                                                                                                                                                  |
+| `consensus.ledger_close`    | `Adaptor::onClose`                 | `xrpl.ledger.seq`, `xrpl.consensus.mode`                                                                                                                                                                              |
+| `consensus.accept`          | `Adaptor::onAccept`                | `proposers`, `round_time_ms`, `quorum`, `disputes_count`, `consensus_state`                                                                                                                                           |
+| `consensus.accept.apply`    | `Adaptor::doAccept`                | `close_time`, `close_time_correct`, `close_resolution_ms`, `consensus_state`, `proposing`, `round_time_ms`, `xrpl.ledger.seq`, `parent_close_time`, `close_time_self`, `close_time_vote_bins`, `resolution_direction` |
+| `consensus.validation.send` | `Adaptor::onAccept` (via validate) | `proposing`, `ledger_hash`, `ledger_seq`, `full_validation`, `validation_sign_time`                                                                                                                                   |
+
+#### Close Time Attributes (consensus.accept.apply)
+
+The `consensus.accept.apply` span captures ledger close time agreement details
+driven by `avCT_CONSENSUS_PCT` (75% validator agreement threshold):
+
+- **`close_time`** — Agreed-upon ledger close time (epoch seconds). When validators disagree (`consensusCloseTime == epoch`), this is synthetically set to `prevCloseTime + 1s`.
+- **`close_time_correct`** — `true` if validators reached agreement, `false` if they "agreed to disagree" (close time forced to prev+1s).
+- **`close_resolution_ms`** — Rounding granularity for close time (starts at 30s, decreases as ledger interval stabilizes).
+- **`consensus_state`** — `"finished"` (normal) or `"moved_on"` (consensus failed, adopted best available).
+- **`proposing`** — Whether this node was proposing.
+- **`round_time_ms`** — Total consensus round duration.
+- **`parent_close_time`** — Previous ledger's close time (epoch seconds). Enables computing close-time deltas across consecutive rounds without correlating separate spans.
+- **`close_time_self`** — This node's own proposed close time before consensus voting.
+- **`close_time_vote_bins`** — Number of distinct close-time vote bins from peer proposals. Higher values indicate less agreement among validators.
+- **`resolution_direction`** — Whether close-time resolution `"increased"` (coarser), `"decreased"` (finer), or stayed `"unchanged"` relative to the previous ledger.
+
+**Exit Criteria** (from [06-implementation-phases.md §6.11.4](./06-implementation-phases.md)):
+
+- [x] Complete consensus round traces
+- [x] Phase transitions visible (open, establish, close, accept)
+- [x] Proposals and validations traced — send and receive; relay deferred to Phase 4b
+- [x] Close time agreement tracked (per `avCT_CONSENSUS_PCT`)
+- [x] No impact on consensus timing
+- [x] Transaction-consensus correlation (Task 4.6) — `tx.included` events in doAccept
+- [ ] Validation span enrichment (Task 4.8) — not implemented
+
+---
+
+# Phase 4a: Establish-Phase Gap Fill & Cross-Node Correlation
+
+> **Goal**: Fill tracing gaps in the consensus establish phase (disputes, convergence,
+> threshold escalation, mode changes) and establish cross-node correlation using a
+> deterministic shared trace ID derived from `previousLedger.id()`.
+>
+> **Approach**: Direct instrumentation in `Consensus.h` and `RCLConsensus.cpp`.
+> All spans use `SpanGuard` factory methods (`span()`, `hashSpan()`, `linkedSpan()`)
+> with `TraceCategory::Consensus` gating. Long-lived spans (round, establish) are
+> stored as `std::optional<SpanGuard>` class members. Short-lived scoped spans
+> (update_positions, check) are local variables. No macros are used — all tracing
+> is via direct `SpanGuard` API calls. `SpanGuard` compiles to no-ops when
+> telemetry is disabled.
+>
+> **Branch**: `pratik/otel-phase4-consensus-tracing`
+
+## Design: Switchable Correlation Strategy
+
+Two strategies for cross-node trace correlation, switchable via config:
+
+### Strategy A — Deterministic Trace ID (Default)
+
+Derive `trace_id = SHA256(previousLedger.id())[0:16]` so all nodes in the same
+consensus round share the same trace_id without P2P context propagation.
+
+- **Pros**: All nodes appear in the same trace in Tempo automatically.
+  No collector-side post-processing needed.
+- **Cons**: Overrides OTel's random trace_id generation; requires custom
+  `IdGenerator` or manual span context construction.
+
+### Strategy B — Attribute-Based Correlation
+
+Use normal random trace_id but attach `xrpl.consensus.ledger_id` as an attribute
+on every consensus span. Correlation happens at query time via Tempo/Grafana
+`by attribute` queries.
+
+- **Pros**: Standard OTel trace_id semantics; no SDK customization.
+- **Cons**: Cross-node correlation requires query-time joins, not automatic.
+
+### Config
+
+```ini
+[telemetry]
+# "deterministic" (default) or "attribute"
+consensus_trace_strategy=deterministic
+```
+
+The C++ API to query this at runtime is `Telemetry::getConsensusTraceStrategy()`,
+which returns a `std::string const&` (`"deterministic"` or `"attribute"`).
+
+### Implementation
+
+In `RCLConsensus::Adaptor::startRound()`:
+
+- If `deterministic`:
+  1. Compute `trace_id_bytes = SHA256(prevLedgerID)[0:16]`
+  2. Construct `opentelemetry::trace::TraceId(trace_id_bytes)`
+  3. Create a synthetic `SpanContext` with this trace_id and a random span_id:
+     ```cpp
+     auto traceId = opentelemetry::trace::TraceId(trace_id_bytes);
+     auto spanId  = opentelemetry::trace::SpanId(random_8_bytes);
+     auto syntheticCtx = opentelemetry::trace::SpanContext(
+         traceId, spanId, opentelemetry::trace::TraceFlags(1), false);
+     ```
+  4. Wrap in `opentelemetry::context::Context` via
+     `opentelemetry::trace::SetSpan(context, syntheticSpan)`
+  5. Call `startSpan("consensus.round", parentContext)` so the new span
+     inherits the deterministic trace_id.
+- If `attribute`: start a normal `consensus.round` span, set
+  `xrpl.consensus.ledger_id = previousLedger.id()` as attribute.
+
+Both strategies always set `xrpl.consensus.round_id` (round number) and
+`xrpl.consensus.ledger_id` (previous ledger hash) as attributes.
+
+---
+
+## Design: Span Hierarchy
+
+```
+consensus.round  (root — created in RCLConsensus::startRound, closed at accept)
+│   link → previous round's SpanContext (follows-from)
+│
+├── consensus.establish  (phaseEstablish → acceptance, in Consensus.h)
+│   ├── consensus.update_positions  (each updateOurPositions call)
+│   │   └── consensus.dispute.resolve  (per-tx dispute resolution event)
+│   ├── consensus.check  (each haveConsensus call)
+│   └── consensus.mode_change  (short-lived span in adaptor on mode transition)
+│
+├── consensus.accept  (existing onAccept span — reparented under round)
+│
+└── consensus.validation.send  (existing — reparented, follows-from link to round)
+```
+
+### Span Links (follows-from relationships)
+
+| Link Source                               | Link Target                | Rationale                                                                      |
+| ----------------------------------------- | -------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
+| `consensus.round` (N+1)                   | `consensus.round` (N)      | Causal chain: round N+1 exists because round N accepted                        |
+| `consensus.validation.send`               | `consensus.round`          | Validation follows from the round that produced it; may outlive the round span |
+| _(Phase 4b)_ Received proposal processing | Sender's `consensus.round` | Cross-node causal link via P2P context propagation                             |
+
+---
+
+## Task 4a.0: Prerequisites — Extend SpanGuard and Telemetry APIs ✅
+
+**Objective**: Add missing API surface needed by later tasks.
+
+**Status**: Done, but implemented differently than originally planned. The macro-based
+approach (`XRPL_TRACE_CONSENSUS`, `XRPL_TRACE_ADD_EVENT`, `XRPL_TRACE_SET_ATTR`) was
+**not used**. Instead, all consensus tracing uses `SpanGuard` factory methods and
+direct method calls, which is cleaner and avoids macro control-flow issues.
+
+**What was done**:
+
+1. **`SpanGuard::addEvent()` with attributes** — implemented as planned:
+
+   ```cpp
+   using EventAttribute = std::pair<std::string_view, std::string_view>;
+
+   void addEvent(std::string_view name,
+       std::initializer_list<EventAttribute> attrs);
+   ```
+
+   Callers pass plain `string_view` pairs; the implementation converts internally.
+
+   ```cpp
+   // Actual usage in Consensus.h::updateOurPositions():
+   span.addEvent(
+       "dispute.resolve",
+       {{consensus::span::attr::txId, to_string(txId)},
+        {consensus::span::attr::disputeOurVote, dispute.getOurVote() ? "yes" : "no"}});
+   ```
+
+2. **Span link support** — implemented via `SpanGuard::linkedSpan()` static factory
+   instead of a `Telemetry::startSpan()` overload:
+
+   ```cpp
+   static SpanGuard linkedSpan(
+       std::string_view name, SpanContext const& linkTarget);
+   ```
+
+3. **No macros added** — `TracingInstrumentation.h` was not created. The `XRPL_TRACE_CONSENSUS`,
+   `XRPL_TRACE_ADD_EVENT`, and `XRPL_TRACE_SET_ATTR` macros from the original plan were
+   not implemented. All consensus tracing uses direct `SpanGuard` API:
+   - `SpanGuard::span()` — create scoped spans
+   - `SpanGuard::hashSpan()` — create spans with deterministic trace IDs
+   - `SpanGuard::linkedSpan()` — create spans with follows-from links
+   - `span.setAttribute()` — set attributes directly
+   - `span.addEvent()` — add events directly
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `include/xrpl/telemetry/SpanGuard.h` — `addEvent()` overload, `EventAttribute` type alias
+- `src/libxrpl/telemetry/SpanGuard.cpp` — `addEvent()` implementation
+
+---
+
+## Task 4a.1: Adaptor `getTelemetry()` Method — NOT DONE (Not Needed)
+
+**Objective**: Give `Consensus.h` access to the telemetry subsystem without
+coupling the generic template to OTel headers.
+
+**Status**: Not implemented as specified. The `getTelemetry()` adaptor method was
+not needed because `SpanGuard::span()` is a static factory method that internally
+checks telemetry state via the global `Telemetry` singleton. `Consensus.h` creates
+spans by calling `SpanGuard::span(TraceCategory::Consensus, ...)` directly, without
+needing adaptor access. Only `RCLConsensus::Adaptor` uses `app_.getTelemetry()`
+directly (for `getConsensusTraceStrategy()` in `startRoundTracing()`).
+
+**Key insight**: The `XRPL_TRACE_*` macro approach would have required
+`adaptor_.getTelemetry()`. Since macros were not used, this task became unnecessary.
+
+---
+
+## Task 4a.2: Switchable Round Span with Deterministic Trace ID ✅
+
+**Objective**: Create a `consensus.round` root span in `startRound()` that uses
+the switchable correlation strategy. Store span context as a member for child
+spans in `Consensus.h`.
+
+**Status**: Done. Implemented in `Adaptor::startRoundTracing()`.
+
+**What was done**:
+
+- `RCLConsensus::Adaptor::startRoundTracing()` helper:
+  - Reads `consensus_trace_strategy` via `app_.getTelemetry().getConsensusTraceStrategy()`
+  - **Deterministic**: uses `SpanGuard::hashSpan()` with `prevLgr.id()` data
+  - **Attribute**: uses `SpanGuard::span(TraceCategory::Consensus, seg::consensus, "round")`
+  - Sets attributes: `xrpl.consensus.ledger_id`, `xrpl.ledger.seq`, `xrpl.consensus.mode`, `trace_strategy`, `xrpl.consensus.round_id`
+  - Captures `roundSpanContext_` snapshot for cross-thread span linking
+  - Saves `prevRoundContext_` from previous round for follows-from links
+
+- **`SpanGuard::hashSpan()` factory**: encapsulates deterministic trace ID logic:
+
+  ```cpp
+  static SpanGuard hashSpan(
+      TraceCategory cat, std::string_view name,
+      std::uint8_t const* hashData, std::size_t hashSize);
+  ```
+
+  Derives `trace_id = hashData[0:16]` so all nodes in the same round share
+  the same trace_id. Compiles to no-op when telemetry is disabled.
+
+- `consensus_trace_strategy` config parsed in `TelemetryConfig.cpp`,
+  stored in `Telemetry::Setup`, accessible via `Telemetry::getConsensusTraceStrategy()`
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/app/consensus/RCLConsensus.cpp` — `startRoundTracing()` implementation
+- `src/xrpld/app/consensus/ConsensusSpanNames.h` — **(new)** compile-time span name and attribute key constants
+- `include/xrpl/telemetry/Telemetry.h` — `consensusTraceStrategy` in Setup, `getConsensusTraceStrategy()`
+- `src/libxrpl/telemetry/TelemetryConfig.cpp` — parse new config option
+
+---
+
+## Task 4a.3: Span Members in `Consensus.h` ✅
+
+**Objective**: Add span storage to the `Consensus` class so that spans created
+in `startRound()` (adaptor) are accessible from `phaseEstablish()`,
+`updateOurPositions()`, and `haveConsensus()` (template methods).
+
+**Status**: Done with documented plan deviation.
+
+**What was done**:
+
+- `establishSpan_` added to `Consensus` private members (as planned):
+
+  ```cpp
+  std::optional<xrpl::telemetry::SpanGuard> establishSpan_;
+  ```
+
+- **Plan deviation**: `roundSpan_`, `prevRoundContext_`, and `roundSpanContext_`
+  are stored in `RCLConsensus::Adaptor` (not `Consensus.h`) because the adaptor
+  has access to telemetry config for the deterministic trace ID strategy.
+
+- **No `#ifdef XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY` guards**: Members use `std::optional<SpanGuard>`
+  and `SpanContext` which have no-op implementations when telemetry is disabled,
+  so `#ifdef` guards are unnecessary. The members are always present in the class
+  layout but incur negligible overhead.
+
+- Includes added unconditionally to `Consensus.h`:
+  ```cpp
+  #include <xrpl/telemetry/SpanGuard.h>
+  #include <xrpld/app/consensus/ConsensusSpanNames.h>
+  ```
+  No `TracingInstrumentation.h` include (file doesn't exist; macros not used).
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/consensus/Consensus.h`
+- `src/xrpld/app/consensus/RCLConsensus.h` (round span and context members)
+
+---
+
+## Task 4a.4: Instrument `phaseEstablish()` ✅
+
+**Objective**: Create `consensus.establish` span wrapping the establish phase,
+with attributes for convergence progress.
+
+**Status**: Done. Implemented via three private helpers in `Consensus.h`.
+
+**What was done**:
+
+- `startEstablishTracing()` — creates `consensus.establish` span via
+  `SpanGuard::span(TraceCategory::Consensus, seg::consensus, "establish")`.
+  Called once at start of establish phase. No `#ifdef` guards needed —
+  `SpanGuard::span()` returns a no-op guard when telemetry is disabled.
+
+- `updateEstablishTracing()` — sets attributes on each `phaseEstablish()` call:
+  - `converge_percent` — `convergePercent_`
+  - `establish_count` — `establishCounter_`
+  - `proposers` — `currPeerPositions_.size()`
+
+- `endEstablishTracing()` — calls `establishSpan_.reset()` on phase exit.
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/consensus/Consensus.h` — `phaseEstablish()` method + 3 helper methods
+
+---
+
+## Task 4a.5: Instrument `updateOurPositions()` ✅
+
+**Objective**: Trace each position update cycle including dispute resolution
+details.
+
+**Status**: DONE. Span, dispute events with yays/nays, and disputes_count attribute are all implemented.
+
+**What was done**:
+
+- Creates `consensus.update_positions` scoped span via
+  `SpanGuard::span(TraceCategory::Consensus, seg::consensus, "update_positions")`:
+
+  ```cpp
+  auto span = SpanGuard::span(TraceCategory::Consensus, seg::consensus, "update_positions");
+  ```
+
+- Attributes set:
+  - `converge_percent` — current convergence
+  - `proposers` — `currPeerPositions_.size()`
+  - `have_close_time_consensus` — close time consensus state
+  - `close_time_threshold` — `avCT_CONSENSUS_PCT`
+  - `disputes_count` — number of active disputes
+
+- Dispute events recorded via direct `span.addEvent()` call with yays/nays:
+  ```cpp
+  span.addEvent(
+      "dispute.resolve",
+      {{consensus::span::attr::txId, to_string(txId)},
+       {consensus::span::attr::disputeOurVote, dispute.getOurVote() ? "yes" : "no"},
+       {consensus::span::attr::disputeYays, std::to_string(dispute.getYays())},
+       {consensus::span::attr::disputeNays, std::to_string(dispute.getNays())}});
+  ```
+
+**Not implemented**:
+
+- `proposers_agreed` / `proposers_total` attributes — not set
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/consensus/Consensus.h` — `updateOurPositions()` method
+- `src/xrpld/consensus/DisputedTx.h` — added `getYays()` / `getNays()` (currently unused)
+
+---
+
+## Task 4a.6: Instrument `haveConsensus()` (Threshold & Convergence) ✅
+
+**Objective**: Trace consensus checking including threshold escalation.
+
+**Status**: DONE. The `consensus.check` span is created with all planned attributes
+including the avalanche threshold.
+
+**What was done**:
+
+- Creates `consensus.check` scoped span via
+  `SpanGuard::span(TraceCategory::Consensus, seg::consensus, "check")`:
+
+  ```cpp
+  auto span = SpanGuard::span(TraceCategory::Consensus, seg::consensus, "check");
+  ```
+
+- Attributes set:
+  - `agree_count` — peers that agree with our position
+  - `disagree_count` — peers that disagree
+  - `converge_percent` — convergence percentage
+  - `have_close_time_consensus` — close time consensus state
+  - `threshold_percent` — set to `avCT_CONSENSUS_PCT` (75%)
+  - `consensus_result` — "yes", "no", or "moved_on"
+  - `avalanche_threshold` — the escalated weight from `getNeededWeight()` on the `consensus.update_positions` span
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/consensus/Consensus.h` — `haveConsensus()` method
+
+---
+
+## Task 4a.7: Instrument Mode Changes ✅
+
+**Objective**: Trace consensus mode transitions (proposing ↔ observing,
+wrongLedger, switchedLedger).
+
+**Status**: Done.
+
+**What was done**:
+
+- In `RCLConsensus::Adaptor::onModeChange()`, creates a scoped span via direct
+  `SpanGuard::span()` call:
+
+  ```cpp
+  auto span = telemetry::SpanGuard::span(
+      telemetry::TraceCategory::Consensus, telemetry::seg::consensus, "mode_change");
+  span.setAttribute(consensus::span::attr::modeOld, to_string(before).c_str());   // "mode_old"
+  span.setAttribute(consensus::span::attr::modeNew, to_string(after).c_str());   // "mode_new"
+  ```
+
+- `MonitoredMode::set()` in `Consensus.h` calls `adaptor_.onModeChange(before, after)`.
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/app/consensus/RCLConsensus.cpp` — `onModeChange()`
+
+---
+
+## Task 4a.8: Reparent Existing Spans Under Round ✅
+
+**Objective**: Make existing consensus spans (`consensus.accept`,
+`consensus.accept.apply`, `consensus.validation.send`) children of the
+`consensus.round` root span instead of being standalone.
+
+**Status**: DONE. All three spans are now parented under the round span.
+
+**What was done**:
+
+- `consensus.validation.send` uses `SpanGuard::linkedSpan()` to create a
+  follows-from link to `roundSpanContext_`. This is thread-safe because
+  `roundSpanContext_` is a lightweight `SpanContext` snapshot captured on the
+  consensus thread and read on the jtACCEPT worker thread.
+
+- `consensus.accept` and `consensus.accept.apply` now use
+  `SpanGuard::childSpan(name, roundSpanContext_)` instead of `SpanGuard::span()`
+  to explicitly parent under the round span context. This solves the cross-thread
+  parenting problem:
+  - `doAccept()` runs on the jtACCEPT worker thread (not the consensus thread)
+  - `childSpan()` explicitly passes the parent context, bypassing OTel's
+    thread-local context propagation
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/app/consensus/RCLConsensus.cpp`
+
+---
+
+## Task 4a.9: Build Verification and Testing ✅
+
+**Objective**: Verify all Phase 4a changes compile cleanly with telemetry ON
+and OFF, and don't affect consensus timing.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+1. Build with `telemetry=ON` — verify no compilation errors
+2. Build with `telemetry=OFF` — verify `SpanGuard` compiles to no-ops
+3. Run existing consensus unit tests
+4. Verify `SpanGuard` / `SpanContext` members have negligible overhead when disabled
+5. Run `pccl` pre-commit checks
+
+**Verification Checklist**:
+
+- [x] Build succeeds with telemetry ON
+- [x] Build succeeds with telemetry OFF
+- [x] Existing consensus tests pass
+- [x] `SpanGuard` no-op path verified (no `#ifdef` needed — disabled at runtime)
+- [x] No new virtual calls in hot consensus paths
+- [x] `pccl` passes
+
+---
+
+## Phase 4a Summary
+
+| Task | Description                                      | Status                   | New Files | Modified Files | Depends On |
+| ---- | ------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------ | --------- | -------------- | ---------- |
+| 4a.0 | Prerequisites: extend SpanGuard & Telemetry APIs | ✅ Done (no macros)      | 0         | 2              | Phase 4    |
+| 4a.1 | Adaptor `getTelemetry()` method                  | ⏭️ Skipped (not needed)  | 0         | 0              | Phase 4    |
+| 4a.2 | Switchable round span with deterministic traceID | ✅ Done                  | 1         | 3              | 4a.0       |
+| 4a.3 | Span members in `Consensus.h`                    | ✅ Done (with deviation) | 0         | 2              | —          |
+| 4a.4 | Instrument `phaseEstablish()`                    | ✅ Done                  | 0         | 1              | 4a.3       |
+| 4a.5 | Instrument `updateOurPositions()`                | ✅ Done                  | 0         | 2              | 4a.0, 4a.3 |
+| 4a.6 | Instrument `haveConsensus()` (thresholds)        | ✅ Done                  | 0         | 1              | 4a.3       |
+| 4a.7 | Instrument mode changes                          | ✅ Done                  | 0         | 1              | —          |
+| 4a.8 | Reparent existing spans under round              | ✅ Done                  | 0         | 1              | 4a.0, 4a.2 |
+| 4a.9 | Build verification and testing                   | ✅ Done                  | 0         | 0              | 4a.0-4a.8  |
+
+**Parallel work**: Tasks 4a.0 and 4a.1 can run in parallel. Tasks 4a.4, 4a.5, 4a.6, and 4a.7 can run in parallel after 4a.3 (and 4a.0 for 4a.5).
+
+### New Spans (Phase 4a)
+
+| Span Name                    | Location           | Key Attributes (actually set)                                                                                                 |
+| ---------------------------- | ------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `consensus.round`            | `RCLConsensus.cpp` | `xrpl.consensus.round_id`, `xrpl.consensus.ledger_id`, `xrpl.ledger.seq`, `xrpl.consensus.mode`, `trace_strategy`             |
+| `consensus.establish`        | `Consensus.h`      | `converge_percent`, `establish_count`, `proposers`                                                                            |
+| `consensus.update_positions` | `Consensus.h`      | `converge_percent`, `proposers`, `have_close_time_consensus`, `close_time_threshold`, `disputes_count`, `avalanche_threshold` |
+| `consensus.check`            | `Consensus.h`      | `agree_count`, `disagree_count`, `converge_percent`, `have_close_time_consensus`, `threshold_percent`, `consensus_result`     |
+| `consensus.mode_change`      | `RCLConsensus.cpp` | `mode_old`, `mode_new`                                                                                                        |
+
+### New Events (Phase 4a)
+
+| Event Name        | Parent Span                  | Attributes (actually set)                                        |
+| ----------------- | ---------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `dispute.resolve` | `consensus.update_positions` | `xrpl.tx.id`, `dispute_our_vote`, `dispute_yays`, `dispute_nays` |
+| `tx.included`     | `consensus.accept.apply`     | `xrpl.tx.id`                                                     |
+
+### New Attributes (Phase 4a)
+
+```cpp
+// Round-level (on consensus.round) — ALL IMPLEMENTED
+"xrpl.consensus.round_id"             = int64    // Consensus round number (kept — rule 5)
+"xrpl.consensus.ledger_id"            = string   // previousLedger.id() hash (kept — rule 5)
+"trace_strategy"                       = string   // "deterministic" or "attribute"
+
+// Establish-level — IMPLEMENTED
+"converge_percent"                     = int64    // Convergence % (0-100+)
+"establish_count"                      = int64    // Number of establish iterations
+"agree_count"                          = int64    // Peers that agree (haveConsensus)
+"disagree_count"                       = int64    // Peers that disagree
+"threshold_percent"                    = int64    // Current threshold (avCT_CONSENSUS_PCT = 75%)
+"consensus_result"                     = string   // "yes", "no", "moved_on"
+"have_close_time_consensus"            = bool     // Close time consensus reached
+"close_time_threshold"                 = int64    // Close time voting threshold
+
+// Establish-level — IMPLEMENTED
+"disputes_count"                       = int64    // Active disputes (on update_positions)
+"avalanche_threshold"                  = int64    // Escalated weight (on update_positions)
+
+// Establish-level — NOT IMPLEMENTED
+// "proposers_agreed"                  = int64    // Peers agreeing with us — not set
+// "proposers_total"                   = int64    // Total peer positions — not set (not defined)
+
+// Mode change — ALL IMPLEMENTED
+"mode_old"                             = string   // Previous mode
+"mode_new"                             = string   // New mode
+```
+
+### Implementation Notes
+
+- **No macros**: The planned `XRPL_TRACE_CONSENSUS`, `XRPL_TRACE_ADD_EVENT`, and
+  `XRPL_TRACE_SET_ATTR` macros were not implemented. All consensus tracing uses
+  `SpanGuard` factory methods (`span()`, `hashSpan()`, `linkedSpan()`) and direct
+  method calls (`setAttribute()`, `addEvent()`). This avoids macro control-flow
+  issues and is cleaner than the planned approach.
+- **Separation of concerns**: All non-trivial telemetry code extracted to private
+  helpers (`startRoundTracing`, `createValidationSpan`, `startEstablishTracing`,
+  `updateEstablishTracing`, `endEstablishTracing`). Business logic methods contain
+  single-line calls to these helpers.
+- **Thread safety**: `createValidationSpan()` runs on the jtACCEPT worker thread.
+  Instead of accessing `roundSpan_` across threads, a `roundSpanContext_` snapshot
+  (lightweight `SpanContext` value type) is captured on the consensus thread in
+  `startRoundTracing()` and read by `createValidationSpan()`. The job queue
+  provides the happens-before guarantee.
+- **No `#ifdef` guards**: Span members use `std::optional<SpanGuard>` and `SpanContext`
+  which have no-op implementations when telemetry is disabled. No `#ifdef XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY`
+  guards needed around members or includes.
+- **No `getTelemetry()` adaptor method**: `SpanGuard::span()` is a static factory that
+  internally checks telemetry state, so `Consensus.h` doesn't need adaptor access
+  for span creation. Only `RCLConsensus::Adaptor` accesses `app_.getTelemetry()` directly.
+- **Config validation**: `consensus_trace_strategy` is validated to be either
+  `"deterministic"` or `"attribute"`, falling back to `"deterministic"` for
+  unrecognised values.
+- **Plan deviation**: `roundSpan_` is stored in `RCLConsensus::Adaptor` (not
+  `Consensus.h`) because the adaptor has access to telemetry config and can
+  implement the deterministic trace ID strategy. `establishSpan_` is correctly
+  in `Consensus.h` as planned.
+
+---
+
+# Phase 4b: Cross-Node Propagation (Future — Documentation Only)
+
+> **Goal**: Wire `TraceContextPropagator` for P2P messages so that proposals
+> and validations carry trace context between nodes. This enables true
+> distributed tracing where a proposal sent by Node A creates a child span
+> on Node B.
+>
+> **Status**: NOT IMPLEMENTED. The protobuf fields and propagator class exist
+> but are not wired. This section documents the design for future work.
+
+## Architecture
+
+```
+Node A (proposing)                         Node B (receiving)
+─────────────────                         ──────────────────
+consensus.round                           consensus.round
+├── propose()                             ├── peerProposal()
+│   └── TraceContextPropagator            │   └── TraceContextPropagator
+│       ::injectToProtobuf(               │       ::extractFromProtobuf(
+│           TMProposeSet.trace_context)   │           TMProposeSet.trace_context)
+│                                         │   └── span link → Node A's context
+└── validate()                            └── onValidation()
+    └── inject into TMValidation              └── extract from TMValidation
+```
+
+## Wiring Points
+
+| Message         | Inject Location                    | Extract Location                    | Protobuf Field             |
+| --------------- | ---------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- | -------------------------- |
+| `TMProposeSet`  | `Adaptor::propose()`               | `PeerImp::onMessage(TMProposeSet)`  | field 1001: `TraceContext` |
+| `TMValidation`  | `Adaptor::validate()`              | `PeerImp::onMessage(TMValidation)`  | field 1001: `TraceContext` |
+| `TMTransaction` | `NetworkOPs::processTransaction()` | `PeerImp::onMessage(TMTransaction)` | field 1001: `TraceContext` |
+
+## Span Link Semantics
+
+Received messages use **span links** (follows-from), NOT parent-child:
+
+- The receiver's processing span links to the sender's context
+- This preserves each node's independent trace tree
+- Cross-node correlation visible via linked traces in Tempo
+
+## Interaction with Deterministic Trace ID (Strategy A)
+
+When using deterministic trace_id (Phase 4a default), cross-node spans already
+share the same trace_id. P2P propagation adds **span-level** linking:
+
+- Without propagation: spans from different nodes appear in the same trace
+  (same trace_id) but without parent-child or follows-from relationships.
+- With propagation: spans have explicit links showing which proposal/validation
+  from Node A caused processing on Node B.
+
+## Prerequisites
+
+- Phase 4a (this task list) — establish phase tracing must be in place
+- `TraceContextPropagator` free functions (already exist in
+  `include/xrpl/telemetry/TraceContextPropagator.h`)
+- Protobuf `TraceContext` message (already exists, field 1001)

OpenTelemetryPlan/Phase5_IntegrationTest_taskList.md

@@ -0,0 +1,221 @@
+# Phase 5: Integration Test Task List
+
+> **Goal**: End-to-end verification of the complete telemetry pipeline using a
+> 6-node consensus network. Proves that RPC, transaction, and consensus spans
+> flow through the observability stack (otel-collector, Tempo, Prometheus,
+> Grafana) under realistic conditions.
+>
+> **Scope**: Integration test script, manual testing plan, 6-node local network
+> setup, Tempo/Prometheus/Grafana verification.
+>
+> **Branch**: `pratik/otel-phase5-docs-deployment`
+
+### Related Plan Documents
+
+| Document                                                         | Relevance                                  |
+| ---------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------ |
+| [07-observability-backends.md](./07-observability-backends.md)   | Tempo, Grafana, Prometheus setup           |
+| [05-configuration-reference.md](./05-configuration-reference.md) | Collector config, Docker Compose           |
+| [06-implementation-phases.md](./06-implementation-phases.md)     | Phase 5 tasks, definition of done          |
+| [Phase5_taskList.md](./Phase5_taskList.md)                       | Phase 5 main task list (5.6 = integration) |
+
+---
+
+## Task IT.1: Create Integration Test Script
+
+**Objective**: Automated bash script that stands up a 6-node xrpld network
+with telemetry, exercises all span categories, and verifies data in
+Tempo/Prometheus.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Create `docker/telemetry/integration-test.sh`:
+  - Prerequisites check (docker, xrpld binary, curl, jq)
+  - Start observability stack via `docker compose`
+  - Generate 6 validator key pairs via temp standalone xrpld
+  - Generate 6 node configs + shared `validators.txt`
+  - Start 6 xrpld nodes in consensus mode (`--start`, no `-a`)
+  - Wait for all nodes to reach `"proposing"` state (120s timeout)
+
+**Key new file**: `docker/telemetry/integration-test.sh`
+
+**Verification**:
+
+- [ ] Script starts without errors
+- [ ] All 6 nodes reach "proposing" state
+- [ ] Observability stack is healthy (otel-collector, Tempo, Prometheus, Grafana)
+
+---
+
+## Task IT.2: RPC Span Verification (Phase 2)
+
+**Objective**: Verify RPC spans flow through the telemetry pipeline.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Send `server_info`, `server_state`, `ledger` RPCs to node1 (port 5005)
+- Wait for batch export (5s)
+- Query Tempo API for:
+  - `rpc.request` spans (ServerHandler::onRequest)
+  - `rpc.process` spans (ServerHandler::processRequest)
+  - `rpc.command.server_info` spans (callMethod)
+  - `rpc.command.server_state` spans (callMethod)
+  - `rpc.command.ledger` spans (callMethod)
+- Verify `command` attribute present on `rpc.command.*` spans
+
+**Verification**:
+
+- [ ] Tempo shows `rpc.request` traces
+- [ ] Tempo shows `rpc.process` traces
+- [ ] Tempo shows `rpc.command.*` traces with correct attributes
+
+---
+
+## Task IT.3: Transaction Span Verification (Phase 3)
+
+**Objective**: Verify transaction spans flow through the telemetry pipeline.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Get genesis account sequence via `account_info` RPC
+- Submit Payment transaction using genesis seed (`snoPBrXtMeMyMHUVTgbuqAfg1SUTb`)
+- Wait for consensus inclusion (10s)
+- Query Tempo API for:
+  - `tx.process` spans (NetworkOPsImp::processTransaction) on submitting node
+  - `tx.receive` spans (PeerImp::handleTransaction) on peer nodes
+- Verify `xrpl.tx.hash` attribute on `tx.process` spans
+- Verify `xrpl.peer.id` attribute on `tx.receive` spans
+
+**Verification**:
+
+- [ ] Tempo shows `tx.process` traces with `xrpl.tx.hash`
+- [ ] Tempo shows `tx.receive` traces with `xrpl.peer.id`
+
+---
+
+## Task IT.4: Consensus Span Verification (Phase 4)
+
+**Objective**: Verify consensus spans flow through the telemetry pipeline.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Consensus runs automatically in 6-node network
+- Query Tempo API for:
+  - `consensus.proposal.send` (Adaptor::propose)
+  - `consensus.ledger_close` (Adaptor::onClose)
+  - `consensus.accept` (Adaptor::onAccept)
+  - `consensus.validation.send` (Adaptor::validate)
+- Verify attributes:
+  - `xrpl.consensus.mode` on `consensus.ledger_close`
+  - `xrpl.consensus.proposers` on `consensus.accept`
+  - `xrpl.consensus.ledger.seq` on `consensus.validation.send`
+
+**Verification**:
+
+- [ ] Tempo shows `consensus.ledger_close` traces with `xrpl.consensus.mode`
+- [ ] Tempo shows `consensus.accept` traces with `xrpl.consensus.proposers`
+- [ ] Tempo shows `consensus.proposal.send` traces
+- [ ] Tempo shows `consensus.validation.send` traces
+
+---
+
+## Task IT.5: Spanmetrics Verification (Phase 5)
+
+**Objective**: Verify spanmetrics connector derives RED metrics from spans.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Query Prometheus for `traces_span_metrics_calls_total`
+- Query Prometheus for `traces_span_metrics_duration_milliseconds_count`
+- Verify Grafana loads at `http://localhost:3000`
+
+**Verification**:
+
+- [ ] Prometheus returns non-empty results for `traces_span_metrics_calls_total`
+- [ ] Prometheus returns non-empty results for duration histogram
+- [ ] Grafana UI accessible with dashboards visible
+
+---
+
+## Task IT.6: Manual Testing Plan
+
+**Objective**: Document how to run tests manually for future reference.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Create `docker/telemetry/TESTING.md` with:
+  - Prerequisites section
+  - Single-node standalone test (quick verification)
+  - 6-node consensus test (full verification)
+  - Expected span catalog (all 12 span names with attributes)
+  - Verification queries (Tempo API, Prometheus API)
+  - Troubleshooting guide
+
+**Key new file**: `docker/telemetry/TESTING.md`
+
+**Verification**:
+
+- [ ] Document covers both single-node and multi-node testing
+- [ ] All 12 span names documented with source file and attributes
+- [ ] Troubleshooting section covers common failure modes
+
+---
+
+## Task IT.7: Run and Verify
+
+**Objective**: Execute the integration test and validate results.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Run `docker/telemetry/integration-test.sh` locally
+- Debug any failures
+- Leave stack running for manual verification
+- Share URLs:
+  - Tempo: `http://localhost:3200`
+  - Grafana: `http://localhost:3000`
+  - Prometheus: `http://localhost:9090`
+
+**Verification**:
+
+- [ ] Script completes with all checks passing
+- [ ] Tempo UI shows xrpld service with all expected span names
+- [ ] Grafana dashboards load and show data
+
+---
+
+## Task IT.8: Commit
+
+**Objective**: Commit all new files to Phase 5 branch.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Run `pcc` (pre-commit checks)
+- Commit 3 new files to `pratik/otel-phase5-docs-deployment`
+
+**Verification**:
+
+- [ ] `pcc` passes
+- [ ] Commit created on Phase 5 branch
+
+---
+
+## Summary
+
+| Task | Description                   | New Files | Depends On |
+| ---- | ----------------------------- | --------- | ---------- |
+| IT.1 | Integration test script       | 1         | Phase 5    |
+| IT.2 | RPC span verification         | 0         | IT.1       |
+| IT.3 | Transaction span verification | 0         | IT.1       |
+| IT.4 | Consensus span verification   | 0         | IT.1       |
+| IT.5 | Spanmetrics verification      | 0         | IT.1       |
+| IT.6 | Manual testing plan           | 1         | --         |
+| IT.7 | Run and verify                | 0         | IT.1-IT.6  |
+| IT.8 | Commit                        | 0         | IT.7       |
+
+**Exit Criteria**:
+
+- [ ] All 6 xrpld nodes reach "proposing" state
+- [ ] All 11 expected span names visible in Tempo
+- [ ] Spanmetrics available in Prometheus
+- [ ] Grafana dashboards show data
+- [ ] Manual testing plan document complete

OpenTelemetryPlan/Phase5_taskList.md

@@ -0,0 +1,241 @@
+# Phase 5: Documentation & Deployment Task List
+
+> **Goal**: Production readiness — Grafana dashboards, spanmetrics pipeline, operator runbook, alert definitions, and final integration testing. This phase ensures the telemetry system is useful and maintainable in production.
+>
+> **Scope**: Grafana dashboard definitions, OTel Collector spanmetrics connector, Prometheus integration, alert rules, operator documentation, and production-ready Docker Compose stack.
+>
+> **Branch**: `pratik/otel-phase5-docs-deployment` (from `pratik/otel-phase4-consensus-tracing`)
+
+### Related Plan Documents
+
+| Document                                                         | Relevance                                                                  |
+| ---------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| [07-observability-backends.md](./07-observability-backends.md)   | Tempo setup (§7.1), Grafana dashboards (§7.6), alerts (§7.6.3)             |
+| [05-configuration-reference.md](./05-configuration-reference.md) | Collector config (§5.5), production config (§5.5.2), Docker Compose (§5.6) |
+| [06-implementation-phases.md](./06-implementation-phases.md)     | Phase 5 tasks (§6.6), definition of done (§6.11.5)                         |
+
+---
+
+## Task 5.1: Add Spanmetrics Connector to OTel Collector
+
+**Objective**: Derive RED metrics (Rate, Errors, Duration) from trace spans automatically, enabling Grafana time-series dashboards.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Edit `docker/telemetry/otel-collector-config.yaml`:
+  - Add `spanmetrics` connector:
+    ```yaml
+    connectors:
+      spanmetrics:
+        histogram:
+          explicit:
+            buckets: [1ms, 5ms, 10ms, 25ms, 50ms, 100ms, 250ms, 500ms, 1s, 5s]
+        dimensions:
+          - name: command
+          - name: rpc_status
+          - name: consensus_phase
+          - name: tx_type
+    ```
+  - Add `prometheus` exporter:
+    ```yaml
+    exporters:
+      prometheus:
+        endpoint: 0.0.0.0:8889
+    ```
+  - Wire the pipeline:
+    ```yaml
+    service:
+      pipelines:
+        traces:
+          receivers: [otlp]
+          processors: [batch]
+          exporters: [debug, otlp/tempo, spanmetrics]
+        metrics:
+          receivers: [spanmetrics]
+          exporters: [prometheus]
+    ```
+
+- Edit `docker/telemetry/docker-compose.yml`:
+  - Expose port `8889` on the collector for Prometheus scraping
+  - Add Prometheus service
+  - Add Prometheus as Grafana datasource
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `docker/telemetry/otel-collector-config.yaml`
+- `docker/telemetry/docker-compose.yml`
+
+**Key new files**:
+
+- `docker/telemetry/prometheus.yml` (Prometheus scrape config)
+- `docker/telemetry/grafana/provisioning/datasources/prometheus.yaml`
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [POC_taskList.md §Next Steps](./POC_taskList.md) — Metrics pipeline for Grafana dashboards
+
+---
+
+## Task 5.2: Create Grafana Dashboards
+
+**Objective**: Provide pre-built Grafana dashboards for RPC performance, transaction lifecycle, and consensus health.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Create `docker/telemetry/grafana/provisioning/dashboards/dashboards.yaml` (provisioning config)
+- Create dashboard JSON files:
+  1. **RPC Performance Dashboard** (`rpc-performance.json`):
+     - RPC request latency (p50/p95/p99) by command — histogram panel
+     - RPC throughput (requests/sec) by command — time series
+     - RPC error rate by command — bar gauge
+     - Top slowest RPC commands — table
+
+  2. **Transaction Overview Dashboard** (`transaction-overview.json`):
+     - Transaction processing rate — time series
+     - Transaction latency distribution — histogram
+     - Suppression rate (duplicates) — stat panel
+     - Transaction processing path (sync vs async) — pie chart
+
+  3. **Consensus Health Dashboard** (`consensus-health.json`):
+     - Consensus round duration — time series
+     - Phase duration breakdown (open/establish/accept) — stacked bar
+     - Proposals sent/received per round — stat panel
+     - Consensus mode distribution (proposing/observing) — pie chart
+
+- Store dashboards in `docker/telemetry/grafana/dashboards/`
+
+**Key new files**:
+
+- `docker/telemetry/grafana/provisioning/dashboards/dashboards.yaml`
+- `docker/telemetry/grafana/dashboards/rpc-performance.json`
+- `docker/telemetry/grafana/dashboards/transaction-overview.json`
+- `docker/telemetry/grafana/dashboards/consensus-health.json`
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [07-observability-backends.md §7.6](./07-observability-backends.md) — Grafana dashboard specifications
+- [01-architecture-analysis.md §1.8.3](./01-architecture-analysis.md) — Dashboard panel examples
+
+---
+
+## Task 5.3: Define Alert Rules
+
+**Objective**: Create alert definitions for key telemetry anomalies.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Create `docker/telemetry/grafana/provisioning/alerting/alerts.yaml`:
+  - **RPC Latency Alert**: p99 latency > 1s for any command over 5 minutes
+  - **RPC Error Rate Alert**: Error rate > 5% for any command over 5 minutes
+  - **Consensus Duration Alert**: Round duration > 10s (warn), > 30s (critical)
+  - **Transaction Processing Alert**: Processing rate drops below threshold
+  - **Telemetry Pipeline Health**: No spans received for > 2 minutes
+
+**Key new files**:
+
+- `docker/telemetry/grafana/provisioning/alerting/alerts.yaml`
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [07-observability-backends.md §7.6.3](./07-observability-backends.md) — Alert rule definitions
+
+---
+
+## Task 5.4: Production Collector Configuration
+
+**Objective**: Create a production-ready OTel Collector configuration with tail-based sampling and resource limits.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Create `docker/telemetry/otel-collector-config-production.yaml`:
+  - Tail-based sampling policy:
+    - Always sample errors and slow traces
+    - 10% base sampling rate for normal traces
+    - Always sample first trace for each unique RPC command
+  - Resource limits:
+    - Memory limiter processor (80% of available memory)
+    - Queued retry for export failures
+  - TLS configuration for production endpoints
+  - Health check endpoint
+
+**Key new files**:
+
+- `docker/telemetry/otel-collector-config-production.yaml`
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [05-configuration-reference.md §5.5.2](./05-configuration-reference.md) — Production collector config
+
+---
+
+## Task 5.5: Operator Runbook
+
+**Objective**: Create operator documentation for managing the telemetry system in production.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Create `docs/telemetry-runbook.md`:
+  - **Setup**: How to enable telemetry in xrpld
+  - **Configuration**: All config options with descriptions
+  - **Collector Deployment**: Docker Compose vs. Kubernetes vs. bare metal
+  - **Troubleshooting**: Common issues and resolutions
+    - No traces appearing
+    - High memory usage from telemetry
+    - Collector connection failures
+    - Sampling configuration tuning
+  - **Performance Tuning**: Batch size, queue size, sampling ratio guidelines
+  - **Upgrading**: How to upgrade OTel SDK and Collector versions
+
+**Key new files**:
+
+- `docs/telemetry-runbook.md`
+
+---
+
+## Task 5.6: Final Integration Testing
+
+**Objective**: Validate the complete telemetry stack end-to-end.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+1. Start full Docker stack (Collector, Tempo, Grafana, Prometheus)
+2. Build xrpld with `telemetry=ON`
+3. Run in standalone mode with telemetry enabled
+4. Generate RPC traffic and verify traces in Tempo
+5. Verify dashboards populate in Grafana
+6. Verify alerts trigger correctly
+7. Test telemetry OFF path (no regressions)
+8. Run full test suite
+
+**Verification Checklist**:
+
+- [ ] Docker stack starts without errors
+- [ ] Traces appear in Tempo with correct hierarchy
+- [ ] Grafana dashboards show metrics derived from spans
+- [ ] Prometheus scrapes spanmetrics successfully
+- [ ] Alerts can be triggered by simulated conditions
+- [ ] Build succeeds with telemetry ON and OFF
+- [ ] Full test suite passes
+
+---
+
+## Summary
+
+| Task | Description                        | New Files | Modified Files | Depends On |
+| ---- | ---------------------------------- | --------- | -------------- | ---------- |
+| 5.1  | Spanmetrics connector + Prometheus | 2         | 2              | Phase 4    |
+| 5.2  | Grafana dashboards                 | 4         | 0              | 5.1        |
+| 5.3  | Alert definitions                  | 1         | 0              | 5.1        |
+| 5.4  | Production collector config        | 1         | 0              | Phase 4    |
+| 5.5  | Operator runbook                   | 1         | 0              | Phase 4    |
+| 5.6  | Final integration testing          | 0         | 0              | 5.1-5.5    |
+
+**Parallel work**: Tasks 5.1, 5.4, and 5.5 can run in parallel. Tasks 5.2 and 5.3 depend on 5.1. Task 5.6 depends on all others.
+
+**Exit Criteria** (from [06-implementation-phases.md §6.11.5](./06-implementation-phases.md)):
+
+- [ ] Dashboards deployed and showing data
+- [ ] Alerts configured and tested
+- [ ] Operator documentation complete
+- [ ] Production collector config ready
+- [ ] Full test suite passes

OpenTelemetryPlan/Phase7_taskList.md

@@ -0,0 +1,587 @@
+# Phase 7: Native OTel Metrics Migration — Task List
+
+> **Goal**: Replace `StatsDCollector` with a native OpenTelemetry Metrics SDK implementation behind the existing `beast::insight::Collector` interface, eliminating the StatsD UDP dependency.
+>
+> **Scope**: New `OTelCollectorImpl` class, `CollectorManager` config change, OTel Collector pipeline update, Grafana dashboard metric name migration, integration tests.
+>
+> **Branch**: `pratik/otel-phase7-native-metrics` (from `pratik/otel-phase6-statsd`)
+
+### Related Plan Documents
+
+| Document                                                             | Relevance                                                       |
+| -------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| [06-implementation-phases.md](./06-implementation-phases.md)         | Phase 7 plan: motivation, architecture, exit criteria (§6.8)    |
+| [02-design-decisions.md](./02-design-decisions.md)                   | Collector interface design, beast::insight coexistence strategy |
+| [05-configuration-reference.md](./05-configuration-reference.md)     | `[insight]` and `[telemetry]` config sections                   |
+| [09-data-collection-reference.md](./09-data-collection-reference.md) | Complete metric inventory that must be preserved                |
+
+---
+
+## Task 7.1: Add OTel Metrics SDK to Build Dependencies
+
+**Objective**: Enable the OTel C++ Metrics SDK components in the build system.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Edit `conanfile.py`:
+  - Add OTel metrics SDK components to the dependency list when `telemetry=True`
+  - Components needed: `opentelemetry-cpp::metrics`, `opentelemetry-cpp::otlp_http_metric_exporter`
+
+- Edit `CMakeLists.txt` (telemetry section):
+  - Link `opentelemetry::metrics` and `opentelemetry::otlp_http_metric_exporter` targets
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `conanfile.py`
+- `CMakeLists.txt` (or the relevant telemetry cmake target)
+
+**Reference**: [05-configuration-reference.md §5.3](./05-configuration-reference.md) — CMake integration
+
+---
+
+## Task 7.2: Implement OTelCollector Class
+
+**Objective**: Create the core `OTelCollector` implementation that maps beast::insight instruments to OTel Metrics SDK instruments.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Create `include/xrpl/beast/insight/OTelCollector.h`:
+  - Public factory: `static std::shared_ptr<OTelCollector> New(std::string const& endpoint, std::string const& prefix, beast::Journal journal)`
+  - Derives from `StatsDCollector` (or directly from `Collector` — TBD based on shared code)
+
+- Create `src/libxrpl/beast/insight/OTelCollector.cpp` (~400-500 lines):
+  - **OTelCounterImpl**: Wraps `opentelemetry::metrics::Counter<int64_t>`. `increment(amount)` calls `counter->Add(amount)`.
+  - **OTelGaugeImpl**: Uses `opentelemetry::metrics::ObservableGauge<uint64_t>` with an async callback. `set(value)` stores value atomically; callback reads it during collection.
+  - **OTelMeterImpl**: Wraps `opentelemetry::metrics::Counter<uint64_t>`. `increment(amount)` calls `counter->Add(amount)`. Semantically identical to Counter but unsigned.
+  - **OTelEventImpl**: Wraps `opentelemetry::metrics::Histogram<double>`. `notify(duration)` calls `histogram->Record(duration.count())`. Uses explicit bucket boundaries matching SpanMetrics: [1, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 250, 500, 1000, 5000] ms.
+  - **OTelHookImpl**: Stores handler function. Called during periodic metric collection (same 1s pattern via PeriodicMetricReader).
+  - **OTelCollectorImp**: Main class.
+    - Creates `MeterProvider` with `PeriodicMetricReader` (1s export interval)
+    - Creates `OtlpHttpMetricExporter` pointing to `[telemetry]` endpoint
+    - Sets resource attributes (service.name, service.instance.id) matching trace exporter
+    - Implements all `make_*()` factory methods
+    - Prefixes metric names with `[insight] prefix=` value
+
+- Guard all OTel SDK includes with `#ifdef XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY` to compile to `NullCollector` equivalents when telemetry disabled.
+
+**Key new files**:
+
+- `include/xrpl/beast/insight/OTelCollector.h`
+- `src/libxrpl/beast/insight/OTelCollector.cpp`
+
+**Key patterns to follow**:
+
+- Match `StatsDCollector.cpp` structure: private impl classes, intrusive list for metrics, strand-based thread safety
+- Match existing telemetry code style from `src/libxrpl/telemetry/Telemetry.cpp`
+- Use RAII for MeterProvider lifecycle (shutdown on destructor)
+
+**Reference**: [04-code-samples.md](./04-code-samples.md) — code style and patterns
+
+---
+
+## Task 7.3: Update CollectorManager
+
+**Objective**: Add `server=otel` config option to route metric creation to the new OTel backend.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Edit `src/xrpld/app/main/CollectorManager.cpp`:
+  - In the constructor, add a third branch after `server == "statsd"`:
+    ```cpp
+    else if (server == "otel")
+    {
+        // Read endpoint from [telemetry] section
+        auto const endpoint = get(telemetryParams, "endpoint",
+            "http://localhost:4318/v1/metrics");
+        std::string const& prefix(get(params, "prefix"));
+        collector_ = beast::insight::OTelCollector::New(
+            endpoint, prefix, journal);
+    }
+    ```
+  - This requires access to the `[telemetry]` config section — may need to pass it as a parameter or read from Application config.
+
+- Edit `src/xrpld/app/main/CollectorManager.h`:
+  - Add `#include <xrpl/beast/insight/OTelCollector.h>`
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/app/main/CollectorManager.cpp`
+- `src/xrpld/app/main/CollectorManager.h`
+
+---
+
+## Task 7.4: Update OTel Collector Configuration
+
+**Objective**: Add a metrics pipeline to the OTLP receiver and remove the StatsD receiver dependency.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Edit `docker/telemetry/otel-collector-config.yaml`:
+  - Remove `statsd` receiver (no longer needed when `server=otel`)
+  - Add metrics pipeline under `service.pipelines`:
+    ```yaml
+    metrics:
+      receivers: [otlp, spanmetrics]
+      processors: [batch]
+      exporters: [prometheus]
+    ```
+  - The OTLP receiver already listens on :4318 — it just needs to be added to the metrics pipeline receivers.
+  - Keep `spanmetrics` connector in the metrics pipeline so span-derived RED metrics continue working.
+
+- Edit `docker/telemetry/docker-compose.yml`:
+  - Remove UDP :8125 port mapping from otel-collector service
+  - Update xrpld service config: change `[insight] server=statsd` to `server=otel`
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `docker/telemetry/otel-collector-config.yaml`
+- `docker/telemetry/docker-compose.yml`
+
+**Note**: Keep a commented-out `statsd` receiver block for operators who need backward compatibility.
+
+---
+
+## Task 7.5: Preserve Metric Names in Prometheus
+
+**Objective**: Ensure existing Grafana dashboards continue working with identical metric names.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- In `OTelCollector.cpp`, construct OTel instrument names to match existing Prometheus metric names:
+  - beast::insight `make_gauge("LedgerMaster", "Validated_Ledger_Age")` → OTel instrument name: `xrpld_LedgerMaster_Validated_Ledger_Age`
+  - The prefix + group + name concatenation must produce the same string as `StatsDCollector`'s format
+  - Use underscores as separators (matching StatsD convention)
+
+- Verify in integration test that key Prometheus queries still return data:
+  - `xrpld_LedgerMaster_Validated_Ledger_Age`
+  - `xrpld_Peer_Finder_Active_Inbound_Peers`
+  - `xrpld_rpc_requests`
+
+**Key consideration**: OTel Prometheus exporter may normalize metric names differently than StatsD receiver. Test this early (Task 7.2) and adjust naming strategy if needed. The OTel SDK's Prometheus exporter adds `_total` suffix to counters and converts dots to underscores — match existing conventions.
+
+---
+
+## Task 7.6: Update Grafana Dashboards
+
+**Objective**: Update the 3 StatsD dashboards if any metric names change due to OTLP export format differences.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- If Task 7.5 confirms metric names are preserved exactly, no dashboard changes needed.
+- If OTLP export produces different names (e.g., `_total` suffix on counters), update:
+  - `docker/telemetry/grafana/dashboards/statsd-node-health.json`
+  - `docker/telemetry/grafana/dashboards/statsd-network-traffic.json`
+  - `docker/telemetry/grafana/dashboards/statsd-rpc-pathfinding.json`
+- Rename dashboard titles from "StatsD" to "System Metrics" or similar (since they're no longer StatsD-sourced).
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `docker/telemetry/grafana/dashboards/statsd-*.json` (3 files, conditionally)
+
+---
+
+## Task 7.7: Update Integration Tests
+
+**Objective**: Verify the full OTLP metrics pipeline end-to-end.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Edit `docker/telemetry/integration-test.sh`:
+  - Update test config to use `[insight] server=otel`
+  - Verify metrics arrive in Prometheus via OTLP (not StatsD)
+  - Add check that StatsD receiver is no longer required
+  - Preserve all existing metric presence checks
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `docker/telemetry/integration-test.sh`
+
+---
+
+## Task 7.8: Update Documentation
+
+**Objective**: Update all plan docs, runbook, and reference docs to reflect the migration.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Edit `docs/telemetry-runbook.md`:
+  - Update `[insight]` config examples to show `server=otel`
+  - Update troubleshooting section (no more StatsD UDP debugging)
+
+- Edit `OpenTelemetryPlan/09-data-collection-reference.md`:
+  - Update Data Flow Overview diagram (remove StatsD receiver)
+  - Update Section 2 header from "StatsD Metrics" to "System Metrics (OTel native)"
+  - Update config examples
+
+- Edit `OpenTelemetryPlan/05-configuration-reference.md`:
+  - Add `server=otel` option to `[insight]` section docs
+
+- Edit `docker/telemetry/TESTING.md`:
+  - Update setup instructions to use `server=otel`
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `docs/telemetry-runbook.md`
+- `OpenTelemetryPlan/09-data-collection-reference.md`
+- `OpenTelemetryPlan/05-configuration-reference.md`
+- `docker/telemetry/TESTING.md`
+
+---
+
+## Task 7.9: ValidationTracker — Validation Agreement Computation
+
+> **Source**: [External Dashboard Parity](../docs/superpowers/specs/2026-03-30-external-dashboard-parity-design.md) — the most valuable metric from the community [xrpl-validator-dashboard](https://github.com/realgrapedrop/xrpl-validator-dashboard).
+>
+> **Upstream**: Phase 4 Task 4.8 (validation span attributes provide ledger hash context).
+> **Downstream**: Phase 9 (Validator Health dashboard), Phase 10 (validation checks), Phase 11 (agreement alert rules).
+
+**Objective**: Implement a stateful class that tracks whether our validator's validations agree with network consensus, maintaining rolling 1h and 24h windows with an 8-second grace period and 5-minute late repair window.
+
+**Architecture**:
+
+```
+consensus.validation.send ────> ValidationTracker ────> MetricsRegistry
+(records our validation         (reconciles after       (exports agreement
+ for ledger X)                   8s grace period)        gauges every 10s)
+
+ledger.validate ──────────────> ValidationTracker
+(records which ledger           (marks ledger X as
+ network validated)              agreed or missed)
+```
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Create `src/xrpld/telemetry/ValidationTracker.h`:
+  - `recordOurValidation(ledgerHash, ledgerSeq)` — called when we send a validation
+  - `recordNetworkValidation(ledgerHash, seq)` — called when a ledger is fully validated
+  - `reconcile()` — called periodically; reconciles pending ledger events after 8s grace period
+  - Getters: `agreementPct1h()`, `agreementPct24h()`, `agreements1h()`, `missed1h()`, `agreements24h()`, `missed24h()`, `totalAgreements()`, `totalMissed()`, `totalValidationsSent()`, `totalValidationsChecked()`
+  - Thread-safety: atomics for counters, mutex for window deques
+
+- Create `src/xrpld/telemetry/detail/ValidationTracker.cpp`:
+  - Reconciliation logic: after 8s grace period, check if `weValidated && networkValidated && sameHash` → agreement; else missed
+  - Late repair: if a late validation arrives within 5 minutes, correct a false-positive miss
+  - Sliding window: `std::deque<WindowEvent>` evicts entries older than 1h/24h on each reconciliation pass
+  - Ring buffer of 1000 `LedgerEvent` structs for pending reconciliation
+
+- Add recording hooks (modifying Phase 4 code from Phase 7 branch):
+  - `RCLConsensus.cpp` `validate()`: call `tracker.recordOurValidation()`
+  - `LedgerMaster.cpp` fully-validated path: call `tracker.recordNetworkValidation()`
+
+**Key data structures**:
+
+```cpp
+struct LedgerEvent {
+    uint256 ledgerHash;
+    LedgerIndex seq;
+    TimePoint closeTime;
+    bool weValidated = false;
+    bool networkValidated = false;
+    bool reconciled = false;
+    bool agreed = false;
+};
+
+struct WindowEvent {
+    TimePoint time;
+    bool agreed;
+};
+```
+
+**Key new files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/telemetry/ValidationTracker.h`
+- `src/xrpld/telemetry/detail/ValidationTracker.cpp`
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/telemetry/MetricsRegistry.h` (add ValidationTracker member)
+- `src/xrpld/telemetry/MetricsRegistry.cpp` (add gauge callback reading from tracker)
+- `src/xrpld/app/consensus/RCLConsensus.cpp` (add recording hooks)
+- `src/xrpld/app/ledger/detail/LedgerMaster.cpp` (add recording hook)
+
+**Exit Criteria**:
+
+- [ ] ValidationTracker correctly tracks agreement with 8s grace period
+- [ ] 5-minute late repair corrects false-positive misses
+- [ ] Thread-safe (atomics + mutex for window deques)
+- [ ] Rolling windows correctly evict stale entries
+- [ ] Unit tests: normal agreement, missed validation, late repair, window eviction
+
+---
+
+## Task 7.10: Validator Health Observable Gauges
+
+> **Source**: [External Dashboard Parity](../docs/superpowers/specs/2026-03-30-external-dashboard-parity-design.md)
+
+**Objective**: Export amendment blocked, UNL health, and quorum data as a native OTel observable gauge.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- In `MetricsRegistry.cpp` `registerAsyncGauges()`, add:
+
+```cpp
+validatorHealthGauge_ = meter_->CreateDoubleObservableGauge(
+    "xrpld_validator_health", "Validator health indicators");
+```
+
+**Gauge label values**:
+
+| Label `metric=`     | Type   | Source                                            |
+| ------------------- | ------ | ------------------------------------------------- |
+| `amendment_blocked` | int64  | `app_.getOPs().isAmendmentBlocked()` → 0/1        |
+| `unl_blocked`       | int64  | `app_.getOPs().isUNLBlocked()` → 0/1              |
+| `unl_expiry_days`   | double | `app_.validators().expires()` → days until expiry |
+| `validation_quorum` | int64  | `app_.validators().quorum()`                      |
+
+### Sub-task 7.10a: Per-Validator Validation Count (Flag Ledger Window)
+
+**Objective**: Track how many ledgers each UNL validator has validated over
+the last 256 consecutive ledgers (one flag ledger window). This is the key
+UNL participation metric — validators consistently below threshold may be
+candidates for removal from the UNL.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Add a new observable gauge:
+
+```cpp
+validatorParticipationGauge_ = meter_->CreateInt64ObservableGauge(
+    "xrpld_validator_participation",
+    "Per-validator validation count over the last 256 ledgers");
+```
+
+- The callback queries `app_.getValidations()` to get the trusted
+  validation set for each of the last 256 ledger hashes (from
+  `LedgerMaster::getValidatedLedger()` walking backwards). For each
+  validator public key in the UNL, count how many of those 256 ledgers
+  have a matching validation.
+
+- **Label dimensions**:
+  - `validator` — base58-encoded validator master public key
+  - `exported_instance` — this node's identity (standard)
+
+- **Emission**: every flag ledger (256 ledgers, ~15 minutes) or on a
+  10-second async gauge callback with cached results (recompute only
+  at flag ledger boundaries).
+
+- **Data source**: `RCLValidations::getTrustedForLedger(hash, seq)` returns
+  `std::vector<std::shared_ptr<STValidation>>` with `getSignerPublic()`
+  for each. The UNL list is from `app_.getValidators().getTrustedMasterKeys()`.
+
+- **Dashboard panel**: Add a table panel to the Validator Health dashboard
+  showing `xrpld_validator_participation` grouped by `validator` label,
+  with a threshold color (green >= 240, yellow >= 200, red < 200).
+
+**Key modified files**: `src/xrpld/telemetry/MetricsRegistry.h/.cpp`
+
+**Exit Criteria**:
+
+- [ ] Gauge emits one time series per UNL validator
+- [ ] Values range 0-256 and update at flag ledger boundaries
+- [ ] Grafana table panel shows per-validator participation
+- [ ] Validators below 75% participation are highlighted in red
+
+---
+
+**Key modified files**: `src/xrpld/telemetry/MetricsRegistry.h/.cpp`
+
+**Exit Criteria**:
+
+- [ ] All 4 base label values emitted every 10s
+- [ ] `unl_expiry_days` is negative when expired, positive when active
+- [ ] Per-validator participation gauge emits at flag ledger boundaries
+- [ ] Values visible in Prometheus
+
+---
+
+## Task 7.11: Peer Quality Observable Gauges
+
+> **Source**: [External Dashboard Parity](../docs/superpowers/specs/2026-03-30-external-dashboard-parity-design.md)
+
+**Objective**: Export peer health aggregates (latency P90, insane peers, version awareness) as a native OTel observable gauge.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- In `MetricsRegistry.cpp` `registerAsyncGauges()`, add a callback that iterates `app_.overlay().foreach(...)` to:
+  - Collect per-peer latency values, sort, compute P90
+  - Count peers with `tracking_ == diverged` (insane)
+  - Compare peer `getVersion()` to own version for upgrade awareness
+
+**Gauge label values**:
+
+| Label `metric=`            | Type   | Source                                |
+| -------------------------- | ------ | ------------------------------------- |
+| `peer_latency_p90_ms`      | double | P90 from sorted peer latencies        |
+| `peers_insane_count`       | int64  | Peers with diverged tracking status   |
+| `peers_higher_version_pct` | double | % of peers on newer xrpld version     |
+| `upgrade_recommended`      | int64  | 1 if `peers_higher_version_pct > 60%` |
+
+**Implementation note**: The callback runs every 10s on the metrics reader thread. Iterating ~50-200 peers is acceptable overhead.
+
+**Key modified files**: `src/xrpld/telemetry/MetricsRegistry.h/.cpp`
+
+**Exit Criteria**:
+
+- [ ] P90 latency computed correctly
+- [ ] Insane count matches `peers` RPC output
+- [ ] Version comparison handles format variations (e.g., "xrpld-2.4.0-rc1")
+
+---
+
+## Task 7.12: Ledger Economy Observable Gauges
+
+> **Source**: [External Dashboard Parity](../docs/superpowers/specs/2026-03-30-external-dashboard-parity-design.md)
+
+**Objective**: Export fee, reserve, ledger age, and transaction rate as a native OTel observable gauge.
+
+**Gauge label values**:
+
+| Label `metric=`      | Type   | Source                                              |
+| -------------------- | ------ | --------------------------------------------------- |
+| `base_fee_xrp`       | double | Base fee from validated ledger fee settings (drops) |
+| `reserve_base_xrp`   | double | Account reserve from validated ledger (drops)       |
+| `reserve_inc_xrp`    | double | Owner reserve increment (drops)                     |
+| `ledger_age_seconds` | double | `now - lastValidatedCloseTime`                      |
+| `transaction_rate`   | double | Derived: tx count delta / time delta (smoothed)     |
+
+**Key modified files**: `src/xrpld/telemetry/MetricsRegistry.h/.cpp`
+
+**Exit Criteria**:
+
+- [ ] Fee values match `server_info` RPC output
+- [ ] `ledger_age_seconds` increases monotonically between ledger closes
+- [ ] `transaction_rate` is smoothed (rolling average)
+
+---
+
+## Task 7.13: State Tracking Observable Gauges
+
+> **Source**: [External Dashboard Parity](../docs/superpowers/specs/2026-03-30-external-dashboard-parity-design.md)
+
+**Objective**: Export extended state value (0-6 encoding combining OperatingMode + ConsensusMode) and time-in-current-state.
+
+**Gauge label values**:
+
+| Label `metric=`                 | Type   | Source                                          |
+| ------------------------------- | ------ | ----------------------------------------------- |
+| `state_value`                   | int64  | 0-6 encoding (see spec for mapping)             |
+| `time_in_current_state_seconds` | double | `now - lastModeChangeTime` from StateAccounting |
+
+**State value encoding**: 0=disconnected, 1=connected, 2=syncing, 3=tracking, 4=full, 5=validating (full + validating), 6=proposing (full + proposing).
+
+**Key modified files**: `src/xrpld/telemetry/MetricsRegistry.h/.cpp`
+
+**Exit Criteria**:
+
+- [ ] `state_value` correctly combines OperatingMode and ConsensusMode
+- [ ] `time_in_current_state_seconds` resets on mode change
+
+---
+
+## Task 7.14: Storage Detail and Sync Info Gauges
+
+> **Source**: [External Dashboard Parity](../docs/superpowers/specs/2026-03-30-external-dashboard-parity-design.md)
+
+**Objective**: Export NuDB-specific storage size and initial sync duration.
+
+**Gauge label values**:
+
+| Gauge Name             | Label `metric=`                 | Type   | Source                        |
+| ---------------------- | ------------------------------- | ------ | ----------------------------- |
+| `xrpld_storage_detail` | `nudb_bytes`                    | int64  | NuDB backend file size        |
+| `xrpld_sync_info`      | `initial_sync_duration_seconds` | double | Time from start to first FULL |
+
+**Key modified files**: `src/xrpld/telemetry/MetricsRegistry.h/.cpp`
+
+**Exit Criteria**:
+
+- [ ] NuDB file size reported in bytes (0 if NuDB not configured)
+- [ ] Sync duration captured once and remains stable after reaching FULL
+
+---
+
+## Task 7.15: New Synchronous Counters
+
+> **Source**: [External Dashboard Parity](../docs/superpowers/specs/2026-03-30-external-dashboard-parity-design.md)
+
+**Objective**: Add 7 new event counters incremented at their respective instrumentation sites.
+
+| Counter Name                        | Increment Site                   | Source File           |
+| ----------------------------------- | -------------------------------- | --------------------- |
+| `xrpld_ledgers_closed_total`        | `onAccept()` in consensus        | RCLConsensus.cpp      |
+| `xrpld_validations_sent_total`      | `validate()` in consensus        | RCLConsensus.cpp      |
+| `xrpld_validations_checked_total`   | Network validation received      | LedgerMaster.cpp      |
+| `xrpld_validation_agreements_total` | ValidationTracker reconciliation | ValidationTracker.cpp |
+| `xrpld_validation_missed_total`     | ValidationTracker reconciliation | ValidationTracker.cpp |
+| `xrpld_state_changes_total`         | `setMode()` in NetworkOPs        | NetworkOPs.cpp        |
+| `xrpld_jq_trans_overflow_total`     | Job queue overflow path          | JobQueue.cpp          |
+
+**Key modified files**: `src/xrpld/telemetry/MetricsRegistry.h/.cpp` (declarations), plus recording sites in RCLConsensus.cpp, LedgerMaster.cpp, NetworkOPs.cpp, JobQueue.cpp
+
+**Exit Criteria**:
+
+- [ ] All 7 counters monotonically increase during normal operation
+- [ ] Counter values match expected rates (e.g., ledgers_closed ≈ 1 per 3-5s)
+
+---
+
+## Task 7.16: Validation Agreement Observable Gauge
+
+> **Source**: [External Dashboard Parity](../docs/superpowers/specs/2026-03-30-external-dashboard-parity-design.md)
+
+**Objective**: Export rolling window agreement stats from `ValidationTracker` (Task 7.9).
+
+**Gauge label values**:
+
+| Gauge Name                   | Label `metric=`     | Type   | Source                      |
+| ---------------------------- | ------------------- | ------ | --------------------------- |
+| `xrpld_validation_agreement` | `agreement_pct_1h`  | double | `tracker.agreementPct1h()`  |
+|                              | `agreements_1h`     | int64  | `tracker.agreements1h()`    |
+|                              | `missed_1h`         | int64  | `tracker.missed1h()`        |
+|                              | `agreement_pct_24h` | double | `tracker.agreementPct24h()` |
+|                              | `agreements_24h`    | int64  | `tracker.agreements24h()`   |
+|                              | `missed_24h`        | int64  | `tracker.missed24h()`       |
+
+**Key modified files**: `src/xrpld/telemetry/MetricsRegistry.cpp`
+
+**Exit Criteria**:
+
+- [ ] Agreement percentages in range [0.0, 100.0]
+- [ ] Window stats stabilize after 1h/24h of operation
+
+---
+
+## Summary Table
+
+| Task | Description                            | New Files | Modified Files | Depends On |
+| ---- | -------------------------------------- | --------- | -------------- | ---------- |
+| 7.1  | Add OTel Metrics SDK to build deps     | 0         | 2              | —          |
+| 7.2  | Implement OTelCollector class          | 2         | 0              | 7.1        |
+| 7.3  | Update CollectorManager config routing | 0         | 2              | 7.2        |
+| 7.4  | Update OTel Collector YAML and Docker  | 0         | 2              | 7.3        |
+| 7.5  | Preserve metric names in Prometheus    | 0         | 1              | 7.2        |
+| 7.6  | Update Grafana dashboards (if needed)  | 0         | 3              | 7.5        |
+| 7.7  | Update integration tests               | 0         | 1              | 7.4        |
+| 7.8  | Update documentation                   | 0         | 4              | 7.6        |
+| 7.9  | ValidationTracker (agreement tracking) | 2         | 4              | 7.2, P4.8  |
+| 7.10 | Validator health observable gauges     | 0         | 2              | 7.2        |
+| 7.11 | Peer quality observable gauges         | 0         | 2              | 7.2        |
+| 7.12 | Ledger economy observable gauges       | 0         | 2              | 7.2        |
+| 7.13 | State tracking observable gauges       | 0         | 2              | 7.2        |
+| 7.14 | Storage detail and sync info gauges    | 0         | 2              | 7.2        |
+| 7.15 | New synchronous counters               | 0         | 6              | 7.2        |
+| 7.16 | Validation agreement observable gauge  | 0         | 1              | 7.9        |
+
+**Parallel work**: Tasks 7.4 and 7.5 can run in parallel after 7.2/7.3 complete. Task 7.6 depends on 7.5's findings. Tasks 7.7 and 7.8 can run in parallel after 7.6. Tasks 7.10-7.14 can all run in parallel after 7.2. Task 7.15 depends on 7.2. Task 7.16 depends on 7.9. Task 7.9 depends on 7.2 and Phase 4 Task 4.8.
+
+**Exit Criteria** (from [06-implementation-phases.md §6.8](./06-implementation-phases.md)):
+
+- [ ] All 255+ metrics visible in Prometheus via OTLP pipeline (no StatsD receiver)
+- [ ] `server=otel` is the default in development docker-compose
+- [ ] `server=statsd` still works as a fallback
+- [ ] Existing Grafana dashboards display data correctly
+- [ ] Integration test passes with OTLP-only metrics pipeline
+- [ ] No performance regression vs StatsD baseline (< 1% CPU overhead)
+- [ ] Deferred Task 6.1 (`|m` wire format) no longer relevant — Meter mapped to OTel Counter
+- [ ] ValidationTracker agreement % stabilizes after 1h under normal consensus
+- [ ] All new gauges and counters visible in Prometheus with non-zero values

OpenTelemetryPlan/Phase8_taskList.md

@@ -0,0 +1,241 @@
+# Phase 8: Log-Trace Correlation and Centralized Log Ingestion — Task List
+
+> **Goal**: Inject trace context (trace_id, span_id) into xrpld's Journal log output for log-trace correlation, and add OTel Collector filelog receiver to ingest logs into Grafana Loki for unified observability.
+>
+> **Scope**: Two independent sub-phases — 8a (code change: trace_id in logs) and 8b (infra only: filelog receiver to Loki). No changes to the `beast::Journal` public API.
+>
+> **Branch**: `pratik/otel-phase8-log-correlation` (from `pratik/otel-phase7-native-metrics`)
+
+### Related Plan Documents
+
+| Document                                                         | Relevance                                                      |
+| ---------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| [06-implementation-phases.md](./06-implementation-phases.md)     | Phase 8 plan: motivation, architecture, exit criteria (§6.8.1) |
+| [07-observability-backends.md](./07-observability-backends.md)   | Loki backend recommendation, Grafana data source provisioning  |
+| [Phase7_taskList.md](./Phase7_taskList.md)                       | Prerequisite — native OTel metrics pipeline must be working    |
+| [05-configuration-reference.md](./05-configuration-reference.md) | `[telemetry]` config (trace_id injection toggle)               |
+
+---
+
+## Task 8.1: Inject trace_id into Logs::format()
+
+**Objective**: Add OTel trace context to every log line that is emitted within an active span.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Edit `src/libxrpl/basics/Log.cpp`:
+  - In `Logs::format()` (around line 346), after severity is appended, check for active OTel span. The implementation checks the context value directly to avoid the heap allocation that `GetSpan()` performs on the no-span path:
+    ```cpp
+    #ifdef XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY
+    {
+        auto context = opentelemetry::context::RuntimeContext::GetCurrent();
+        auto spanValue = context.GetValue(opentelemetry::trace::kSpanKey);
+        if (opentelemetry::nostd::holds_alternative<
+                opentelemetry::nostd::shared_ptr<opentelemetry::trace::Span>>(spanValue))
+        {
+            auto span = opentelemetry::nostd::get<
+                opentelemetry::nostd::shared_ptr<opentelemetry::trace::Span>>(spanValue);
+            auto spanCtx = span->GetContext();
+            if (spanCtx.IsValid())
+            {
+                char traceId[32], spanId[16];
+                spanCtx.trace_id().ToLowerBase16(
+                    opentelemetry::nostd::span<char, 32>{traceId});
+                spanCtx.span_id().ToLowerBase16(
+                    opentelemetry::nostd::span<char, 16>{spanId});
+                output += "trace_id=";
+                output.append(traceId, 32);
+                output += " span_id=";
+                output.append(spanId, 16);
+                output += ' ';
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    #endif
+    ```
+  - Add `#include` for OTel context headers, guarded by `#ifdef XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY`
+
+- Edit `include/xrpl/basics/Log.h`:
+  - No changes needed — format() signature unchanged
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/libxrpl/basics/Log.cpp`
+
+**Performance note**: The implementation checks the thread-local context value directly (avoiding the heap allocation that `GetSpan()` performs on the no-span path). On threads without an active span (~99% of log lines), the cost is a thread-local read + variant type check (~15-20ns). On the active-span path, an additional shared_ptr copy + `GetContext()` + `IsValid()` adds ~50ns total. Overhead is negligible at typical logging rates.
+
+---
+
+## Task 8.2: Add Loki to Docker Compose Stack
+
+**Objective**: Add Grafana Loki as a log storage backend in the development observability stack.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Edit `docker/telemetry/docker-compose.yml`:
+  - Add Loki service:
+    ```yaml
+    loki:
+      image: grafana/loki:2.9.0
+      ports:
+        - "3100:3100"
+      command: -config.file=/etc/loki/local-config.yaml
+    ```
+  - Add Loki as a Grafana data source in provisioning
+
+- Create `docker/telemetry/grafana/provisioning/datasources/loki.yaml`:
+  - Configure Loki data source with derived fields linking `trace_id` to Tempo
+
+**Key new files**:
+
+- `docker/telemetry/grafana/provisioning/datasources/loki.yaml`
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `docker/telemetry/docker-compose.yml`
+
+---
+
+## Task 8.3: Add Filelog Receiver to OTel Collector
+
+**Objective**: Configure the OTel Collector to tail xrpld's log file and export to Loki.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Edit `docker/telemetry/otel-collector-config.yaml`:
+  - Add `filelog` receiver:
+    ```yaml
+    receivers:
+      filelog:
+        include: [/var/log/rippled/debug.log]
+        operators:
+          - type: regex_parser
+            regex: '^(?P<timestamp>\S+)\s+(?P<partition>\S+):(?P<severity>\S+)\s+(?:trace_id=(?P<trace_id>[a-f0-9]+)\s+span_id=(?P<span_id>[a-f0-9]+)\s+)?(?P<message>.*)$'
+            timestamp:
+              parse_from: attributes.timestamp
+              layout: "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%fZ"
+    ```
+  - Add logs pipeline:
+    ```yaml
+    service:
+      pipelines:
+        logs:
+          receivers: [filelog]
+          processors: [batch]
+          exporters: [otlp/loki]
+    ```
+  - Add Loki exporter:
+    ```yaml
+    exporters:
+      otlp/loki:
+        endpoint: loki:3100
+        tls:
+          insecure: true
+    ```
+
+- Mount xrpld's log directory into the collector container via docker-compose volume
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `docker/telemetry/otel-collector-config.yaml`
+- `docker/telemetry/docker-compose.yml`
+
+---
+
+## Task 8.4: Configure Grafana Trace-to-Log Correlation
+
+**Objective**: Enable one-click navigation from Tempo traces to Loki logs in Grafana.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Edit Grafana Tempo data source provisioning to add `tracesToLogs` configuration:
+
+  ```yaml
+  tracesToLogs:
+    datasourceUid: loki
+    filterByTraceID: true
+    filterBySpanID: false
+    tags: ["partition", "severity"]
+  ```
+
+- Edit Grafana Loki data source provisioning to add `derivedFields` linking trace_id back to Tempo:
+  ```yaml
+  derivedFields:
+    - datasourceUid: tempo
+      matcherRegex: "trace_id=(\\w+)"
+      name: TraceID
+      url: "$${__value.raw}"
+  ```
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `docker/telemetry/grafana/provisioning/datasources/loki.yaml`
+- `docker/telemetry/grafana/provisioning/datasources/` (Tempo data source file)
+
+---
+
+## Task 8.5: Update Integration Tests
+
+**Objective**: Verify trace_id appears in logs and Loki correlation works.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Edit `docker/telemetry/integration-test.sh`:
+  - After sending RPC requests (which create spans), grep xrpld's log output for `trace_id=`
+  - Verify trace_id matches a trace visible in Tempo
+  - Optionally: query Loki via API to confirm log ingestion
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `docker/telemetry/integration-test.sh`
+
+---
+
+## Task 8.6: Update Documentation
+
+**Objective**: Document the log correlation feature in runbook and reference docs.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Edit `docs/telemetry-runbook.md`:
+  - Add "Log-Trace Correlation" section explaining how to use Grafana Tempo -> Loki linking
+  - Add LogQL query examples for filtering by trace_id
+
+- Edit `OpenTelemetryPlan/09-data-collection-reference.md`:
+  - Add new section "3. Log Correlation" between SpanMetrics and StatsD sections
+  - Document the log format with trace_id injection
+  - Document Loki as a new backend
+
+- Edit `docker/telemetry/TESTING.md`:
+  - Add log correlation verification steps
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `docs/telemetry-runbook.md`
+- `OpenTelemetryPlan/09-data-collection-reference.md`
+- `docker/telemetry/TESTING.md`
+
+---
+
+## Summary Table
+
+| Task | Description                                | Sub-Phase | New Files | Modified Files | Depends On |
+| ---- | ------------------------------------------ | --------- | --------- | -------------- | ---------- |
+| 8.1  | Inject trace_id into Logs::format()        | 8a        | 0         | 1              | Phase 7    |
+| 8.2  | Add Loki to Docker Compose stack           | 8b        | 1         | 1              | --         |
+| 8.3  | Add filelog receiver to OTel Collector     | 8b        | 0         | 2              | 8.1, 8.2   |
+| 8.4  | Configure Grafana trace-to-log correlation | 8b        | 0         | 2              | 8.3        |
+| 8.5  | Update integration tests                   | 8a + 8b   | 0         | 1              | 8.4        |
+| 8.6  | Update documentation                       | 8a + 8b   | 0         | 3              | 8.5        |
+
+**Parallel work**: Task 8.2 (Loki infra) can run in parallel with Task 8.1 (code change). Tasks 8.3-8.6 are sequential.
+
+**Exit Criteria** (from [06-implementation-phases.md §6.8.1](./06-implementation-phases.md)):
+
+- [ ] Log lines within active spans contain `trace_id=<hex> span_id=<hex>`
+- [ ] Log lines outside spans have no trace context (no empty fields)
+- [ ] Loki ingests xrpld logs via OTel Collector filelog receiver
+- [ ] Grafana Tempo -> Loki one-click correlation works
+- [ ] Grafana Loki -> Tempo reverse lookup works via derived field
+- [ ] Integration test verifies trace_id presence in logs
+- [ ] No performance regression from trace_id injection (< 0.1% overhead)

OpenTelemetryPlan/Phase9_taskList.md

@@ -0,0 +1,447 @@
+# Phase 9: Internal Metric Instrumentation Gap Fill — Task List
+
+> **Status**: Future Enhancement
+>
+> **Goal**: Instrument xrpld to emit ~50+ metrics that exist in `get_counts`/`server_info`/TxQ/PerfLog but currently lack time-series export via the OTel or beast::insight pipelines.
+>
+> **Scope**: Hybrid approach — extend `beast::insight` for metrics near existing registrations, use OTel Metrics SDK `ObservableGauge` callbacks for new categories (TxQ, PerfLog, CountedObjects).
+>
+> **Branch**: `pratik/otel-phase9-metric-gap-fill` (from `pratik/otel-phase8-log-correlation`)
+>
+> **Depends on**: Phase 7 (native OTel metrics pipeline) and Phase 8 (log-trace correlation)
+
+### Related Plan Documents
+
+| Document                                                             | Relevance                                                      |
+| -------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| [06-implementation-phases.md](./06-implementation-phases.md)         | Phase 9 plan: motivation, architecture, exit criteria (§6.8.2) |
+| [09-data-collection-reference.md](./09-data-collection-reference.md) | Current metric inventory + future metrics section              |
+| [Phase7_taskList.md](./Phase7_taskList.md)                           | Prerequisite — OTel Metrics SDK and `OTelCollector` class      |
+| [Phase8_taskList.md](./Phase8_taskList.md)                           | Prerequisite — log-trace correlation                           |
+
+### Third-Party Consumer Context
+
+These metrics serve multiple external consumer categories identified during research:
+
+| Consumer Category         | Key Metrics They Need                                           |
+| ------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Exchanges**             | Fee escalation levels, TxQ depth, settlement latency            |
+| **Payment Processors**    | Load factors, io_latency, transaction throughput                |
+| **Analytics Providers**   | NodeStore I/O, cache hit rates, counted objects                 |
+| **Validators/Operators**  | Per-job execution times, PerfLog RPC counters, consensus timing |
+| **Academic Researchers**  | Consensus performance time-series, fee market dynamics          |
+| **Institutional Custody** | Server health scores, reserve calculations, node availability   |
+
+---
+
+## Task 9.1: NodeStore I/O Metrics
+
+**Objective**: Export node store read/write performance as time-series metrics.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- In `src/libxrpl/nodestore/Database.cpp`, extend existing `beast::insight` registrations to add:
+  - Gauge: `node_reads_total` (cumulative read operations)
+  - Gauge: `node_reads_hit` (cache-served reads)
+  - Gauge: `node_writes` (cumulative write operations)
+  - Gauge: `node_written_bytes` (cumulative bytes written)
+  - Gauge: `node_read_bytes` (cumulative bytes read)
+  - Gauge: `node_reads_duration_us` (cumulative read time in microseconds)
+  - Gauge: `write_load` (current write load score)
+  - Gauge: `read_queue` (items in read queue)
+
+- These values are already computed in `Database::getCountsJson()` (line ~236). Wire the same counters to `beast::insight` hooks.
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/libxrpl/nodestore/Database.cpp`
+- `src/libxrpl/nodestore/Database.h` (add insight members)
+
+**Derived Prometheus metrics**: `xrpld_nodestore_reads_total`, `xrpld_nodestore_reads_hit`, `xrpld_nodestore_write_load`, etc.
+
+**Grafana dashboard**: Add "NodeStore I/O" panel group to _Node Health_ dashboard.
+
+---
+
+## Task 9.2: Cache Hit Rate Metrics
+
+**Objective**: Export SHAMap and ledger cache performance as time-series gauges.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Register OTel `ObservableGauge` callbacks (via Phase 7's `OTelCollector`) for:
+  - `SLE_hit_rate` — SLE cache hit rate (0.0–1.0)
+  - `ledger_hit_rate` — Ledger object cache hit rate
+  - `AL_hit_rate` — AcceptedLedger cache hit rate
+  - `treenode_cache_size` — SHAMap TreeNode cache size (entries)
+  - `treenode_track_size` — Tracked tree nodes
+  - `fullbelow_size` — FullBelow cache size
+
+- The callback should read from the same sources as `GetCounts.cpp` handler (line ~43).
+
+- Create a centralized `MetricsRegistry` class that holds all OTel async gauge registrations, polled at 10-second intervals by the `PeriodicMetricReader`.
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- New: `src/xrpld/telemetry/MetricsRegistry.h` / `.cpp`
+- `src/xrpld/rpc/handlers/GetCounts.cpp` (extract shared access methods)
+- `src/xrpld/app/main/Application.cpp` (register MetricsRegistry at startup)
+
+**Derived Prometheus metrics**: `xrpld_cache_SLE_hit_rate`, `xrpld_cache_ledger_hit_rate`, `xrpld_cache_treenode_size`, etc.
+
+---
+
+## Task 9.3: Transaction Queue (TxQ) Metrics
+
+**Objective**: Export TxQ depth, capacity, and fee escalation levels as time-series.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Register OTel `ObservableGauge` callbacks for TxQ state (from `TxQ.h` line ~143):
+  - `txq_count` — Current transactions in queue
+  - `txq_max_size` — Maximum queue capacity
+  - `txq_in_ledger` — Transactions in current open ledger
+  - `txq_per_ledger` — Expected transactions per ledger
+  - `txq_reference_fee_level` — Reference fee level
+  - `txq_min_processing_fee_level` — Minimum fee to get processed
+  - `txq_med_fee_level` — Median fee level in queue
+  - `txq_open_ledger_fee_level` — Open ledger fee escalation level
+
+- Add to the `MetricsRegistry` (Task 9.2).
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/telemetry/MetricsRegistry.cpp` (add TxQ callbacks)
+- `src/xrpld/app/tx/detail/TxQ.h` (expose metrics accessor if needed)
+
+**Derived Prometheus metrics**: `xrpld_txq_count`, `xrpld_txq_max_size`, `xrpld_txq_open_ledger_fee_level`, etc.
+
+**Grafana dashboard**: New _Fee Market & TxQ_ dashboard (`xrpld-fee-market`).
+
+---
+
+## Task 9.4: PerfLog Per-RPC Method Metrics
+
+**Objective**: Export per-RPC-method call counts and latency as OTel metrics.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Register OTel instruments for PerfLog RPC counters (from `PerfLogImp.cpp` line ~63):
+  - Counter: `xrpld_rpc_method_started_total{method="<name>"}` — calls started
+  - Counter: `xrpld_rpc_method_finished_total{method="<name>"}` — calls completed
+  - Counter: `xrpld_rpc_method_errored_total{method="<name>"}` — calls errored
+  - Histogram: `xrpld_rpc_method_duration_us{method="<name>"}` — execution time distribution
+
+- Use OTel `Counter<int64_t>` and `Histogram<double>` instruments with `method` attribute label.
+
+- Hook into the existing PerfLog callback mechanism rather than adding new instrumentation points.
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/perflog/detail/PerfLogImp.cpp` (add OTel instrument updates alongside existing JSON counters)
+- `src/xrpld/telemetry/MetricsRegistry.cpp` (register instruments)
+
+**Derived Prometheus metrics**: `xrpld_rpc_method_started_total{method="server_info"}`, `xrpld_rpc_method_duration_us_bucket{method="ledger"}`, etc.
+
+**Grafana dashboard**: Add "Per-Method RPC Breakdown" panel group to _RPC Performance_ dashboard.
+
+---
+
+## Task 9.5: PerfLog Per-Job-Type Metrics
+
+**Objective**: Export per-job-type queue and execution metrics.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Register OTel instruments for PerfLog job counters:
+  - Counter: `xrpld_job_queued_total{job_type="<name>"}` — jobs queued
+  - Counter: `xrpld_job_started_total{job_type="<name>"}` — jobs started
+  - Counter: `xrpld_job_finished_total{job_type="<name>"}` — jobs completed
+  - Histogram: `xrpld_job_queued_duration_us{job_type="<name>"}` — time spent waiting in queue
+  - Histogram: `xrpld_job_running_duration_us{job_type="<name>"}` — execution time distribution
+
+- Hook into PerfLog's existing job tracking alongside Task 9.4.
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/perflog/detail/PerfLogImp.cpp`
+- `src/xrpld/telemetry/MetricsRegistry.cpp`
+
+**Derived Prometheus metrics**: `xrpld_job_queued_total{job_type="ledgerData"}`, `xrpld_job_running_duration_us_bucket{job_type="transaction"}`, etc.
+
+**Grafana dashboard**: New _Job Queue Analysis_ dashboard (`xrpld-job-queue`).
+
+---
+
+## Task 9.6: Counted Object Instance Metrics
+
+**Objective**: Export live instance counts for key internal object types.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Register OTel `ObservableGauge` callbacks for `CountedObject<T>` instance counts:
+  - `xrpld_object_count{type="Transaction"}` — live Transaction objects
+  - `xrpld_object_count{type="Ledger"}` — live Ledger objects
+  - `xrpld_object_count{type="NodeObject"}` — live NodeObject instances
+  - `xrpld_object_count{type="STTx"}` — serialized transaction objects
+  - `xrpld_object_count{type="STLedgerEntry"}` — serialized ledger entries
+  - `xrpld_object_count{type="InboundLedger"}` — ledgers being fetched
+  - `xrpld_object_count{type="Pathfinder"}` — active pathfinding computations
+  - `xrpld_object_count{type="PathRequest"}` — active path requests
+  - `xrpld_object_count{type="HashRouterEntry"}` — hash router entries
+
+- The `CountedObject` template already tracks these via atomic counters. The callback just reads the current counts.
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/telemetry/MetricsRegistry.cpp` (add counted object callbacks)
+- `include/xrpl/basics/CountedObject.h` (may need static accessor for iteration)
+
+**Derived Prometheus metrics**: `xrpld_object_count{type="Transaction"}`, `xrpld_object_count{type="NodeObject"}`, etc.
+
+**Grafana dashboard**: Add "Object Instance Counts" panel to _Node Health_ dashboard.
+
+---
+
+## Task 9.7: Fee Escalation & Load Factor Metrics
+
+**Objective**: Export the full load factor breakdown as time-series.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Register OTel `ObservableGauge` callbacks for load factors (from `NetworkOPs.cpp` line ~2694):
+  - `load_factor` — combined transaction cost multiplier
+  - `load_factor_server` — server + cluster + network contribution
+  - `load_factor_local` — local server load only
+  - `load_factor_net` — network-wide load estimate
+  - `load_factor_cluster` — cluster peer load
+  - `load_factor_fee_escalation` — open ledger fee escalation
+  - `load_factor_fee_queue` — queue entry fee level
+
+- These overlap with some existing StatsD metrics but provide finer granularity (individual factor breakdown vs. combined value).
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/telemetry/MetricsRegistry.cpp`
+- `src/xrpld/app/misc/NetworkOPs.cpp` (expose load factor accessors if needed)
+
+**Derived Prometheus metrics**: `xrpld_load_factor`, `xrpld_load_factor_fee_escalation`, etc.
+
+**Grafana dashboard**: Add "Load Factor Breakdown" panel to _Fee Market & TxQ_ dashboard.
+
+---
+
+## Task 9.7a: push_metrics.py Parity — Missing Observable Gauges
+
+**Objective**: Fill the remaining metric gaps between the external `push_metrics.py` script (in `ripplex-ansible`) and the internal OTel `MetricsRegistry` observable gauges. After this task, all metrics collected by `push_metrics.py` that CAN be collected internally are covered.
+
+**What was done**:
+
+- Extended existing `cacheHitRateGauge_` callback with `AL_size` (AcceptedLedger cache size)
+- Extended existing `nodeStoreGauge_` callback with 4 new metrics from `getCountsJson()`:
+  - `node_reads_duration_us` (JSON string — uses `std::stoll(asString())`)
+  - `read_request_bundle` (native JSON int)
+  - `read_threads_running` (native JSON int)
+  - `read_threads_total` (native JSON int)
+- Added new `xrpld_server_info` Int64ObservableGauge with 8 metrics:
+  - `server_state` — operating mode as int (0=DISCONNECTED .. 4=FULL)
+  - `uptime` — seconds since server start
+  - `peers` — total peer count
+  - `validated_ledger_seq` — validated ledger sequence (atomic read)
+  - `ledger_current_index` — current open ledger sequence
+  - `peer_disconnects_resources` — cumulative resource-related disconnects
+  - `last_close_proposers` — from `getConsensusInfo()["previous_proposers"]`
+  - `last_close_converge_time_ms` — from `getConsensusInfo()["previous_mseconds"]`
+- Added new `xrpld_build_info` Int64ObservableGauge (info-style, value=1 with `version` label)
+- Added new `xrpld_complete_ledgers` Int64ObservableGauge parsing comma-separated ranges into `{bound, index}` pairs
+- Added new `xrpld_db_metrics` Int64ObservableGauge with 4 metrics:
+  - `db_kb_total`, `db_kb_ledger`, `db_kb_transaction` (SQLite stat queries)
+  - `historical_perminute` (historical ledger fetch rate)
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/telemetry/MetricsRegistry.h` (4 new gauge members, updated ASCII diagram)
+- `src/xrpld/telemetry/MetricsRegistry.cpp` (4 new callback registrations, 2 callback extensions)
+
+**Not implementable inside xrpld**:
+
+- `connection_count_51233/51234` — OS-level port connection counts from external shell script (`get_connection.sh`)
+
+**Derived Prometheus metrics**: `xrpld_server_info{metric="server_state"}`, `xrpld_build_info{version="2.4.0"}`, `xrpld_complete_ledgers{bound="start",index="0"}`, `xrpld_db_metrics{metric="db_kb_total"}`, etc.
+
+**Grafana dashboard**: New panels added to _Node Health_ dashboard (`system-node-health.json`).
+
+---
+
+## Task 9.8: New Grafana Dashboards
+
+**Objective**: Create Grafana dashboards for the new metric categories.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Create 2 new dashboards:
+  1. **Fee Market & TxQ** (`xrpld-fee-market`) — TxQ depth/capacity, fee levels, load factor breakdown, fee escalation timeline
+  2. **Job Queue Analysis** (`xrpld-job-queue`) — Per-job-type rates, queue wait times, execution times, job queue depth
+
+- Update 2 existing dashboards:
+  1. **Node Health** (`xrpld-statsd-node-health`) — Add NodeStore I/O panels, cache hit rate panels, object instance counts
+  2. **RPC Performance** (`xrpld-rpc-perf`) — Add per-method RPC breakdown panels
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- New: `docker/telemetry/grafana/dashboards/rippled-fee-market.json`
+- New: `docker/telemetry/grafana/dashboards/rippled-job-queue.json`
+- `docker/telemetry/grafana/dashboards/rippled-statsd-node-health.json`
+- `docker/telemetry/grafana/dashboards/rippled-rpc-perf.json`
+
+---
+
+## Task 9.9: Update Documentation
+
+**Objective**: Update telemetry reference docs with all new metrics.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Update `OpenTelemetryPlan/09-data-collection-reference.md`:
+  - Add new section for OTel SDK-exported metrics (NodeStore, cache, TxQ, PerfLog, CountedObjects, load factors)
+  - Update Grafana dashboard reference table (add 2 new dashboards)
+  - Add Prometheus query examples for new metrics
+
+- Update `docs/telemetry-runbook.md`:
+  - Add alerting rules for new metrics (NodeStore write_load, TxQ capacity, cache hit rate degradation)
+  - Add troubleshooting entries for new metric categories
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `OpenTelemetryPlan/09-data-collection-reference.md`
+- `docs/telemetry-runbook.md`
+
+---
+
+## Task 9.10: Integration Tests
+
+**Objective**: Verify all new metrics appear in Prometheus after a test workload.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Extend the existing telemetry integration test:
+  - Start xrpld with `[telemetry] enabled=1` and `[insight] server=otel`
+  - Submit a batch of RPC calls and transactions
+  - Query Prometheus for each new metric family
+  - Assert non-zero values for: NodeStore reads, cache hit rates, TxQ count, PerfLog RPC counters, object counts, load factors
+
+- Add unit tests for the `MetricsRegistry` class:
+  - Verify callback registration and deregistration
+  - Verify metric values match `get_counts` JSON output
+  - Verify graceful behavior when telemetry is disabled
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/test/telemetry/MetricsRegistry_test.cpp` (new)
+- Existing integration test script (extend assertions)
+
+---
+
+## Task 9.11: Validator Health Dashboard (External Dashboard Parity)
+
+> **Source**: [External Dashboard Parity](../docs/superpowers/specs/2026-03-30-external-dashboard-parity-design.md) — dashboards for Phase 7 metrics inspired by the community [xrpl-validator-dashboard](https://github.com/realgrapedrop/xrpl-validator-dashboard).
+>
+> **Upstream**: Phase 7 Tasks 7.9-7.16 (metrics must be emitting).
+> **Downstream**: Phase 10 (dashboard load checks), Phase 11 (alert rules reference these panels).
+
+**Objective**: Create a Grafana dashboard for validation agreement, amendment/UNL health, and state tracking.
+
+**Dashboard**: `xrpld-validator-health.json`
+
+| Panel                      | Type       | PromQL                                                         |
+| -------------------------- | ---------- | -------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| Agreement % (1h)           | stat       | `xrpld_validation_agreement{metric="agreement_pct_1h"}`        |
+| Agreement % (24h)          | stat       | `xrpld_validation_agreement{metric="agreement_pct_24h"}`       |
+| Agreements vs Missed (1h)  | bargauge   | `agreements_1h` and `missed_1h` side by side                   |
+| Agreements vs Missed (24h) | bargauge   | `agreements_24h` and `missed_24h` side by side                 |
+| Validation Rate            | stat       | `rate(xrpld_validations_sent_total[5m]) * 60`                  |
+| Validations Checked Rate   | stat       | `rate(xrpld_validations_checked_total[5m]) * 60`               |
+| Amendment Blocked          | stat       | `xrpld_validator_health{metric="amendment_blocked"}`           |
+| UNL Expiry (days)          | stat       | `xrpld_validator_health{metric="unl_expiry_days"}`             |
+| Validation Quorum          | stat       | `xrpld_validator_health{metric="validation_quorum"}`           |
+| State Value Timeline       | timeseries | `xrpld_state_tracking{metric="state_value"}`                   |
+| Time in Current State      | stat       | `xrpld_state_tracking{metric="time_in_current_state_seconds"}` |
+| State Changes Rate         | stat       | `rate(xrpld_state_changes_total[1h])`                          |
+| Ledgers Closed Rate        | stat       | `rate(xrpld_ledgers_closed_total[5m]) * 60`                    |
+
+**Dashboard conventions**: `$node` template variable for `exported_instance` filtering, dark theme, matching existing panel sizes and color schemes.
+
+**Key new files**: `docker/telemetry/grafana/dashboards/rippled-validator-health.json`
+
+**Exit Criteria**:
+
+- [ ] All 13 panels render with non-zero data during normal operation
+- [ ] `$node` filter works correctly for multi-node deployments
+- [ ] Amendment blocked and UNL expiry panels use color thresholds (red=blocked/expiring)
+
+---
+
+## Task 9.12: Peer Quality Dashboard (External Dashboard Parity)
+
+> **Source**: [External Dashboard Parity](../docs/superpowers/specs/2026-03-30-external-dashboard-parity-design.md)
+
+**Objective**: Create a Grafana dashboard for peer health aggregates.
+
+**Dashboard**: `xrpld-peer-quality.json`
+
+| Panel                  | Type       | PromQL                                                         |
+| ---------------------- | ---------- | -------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| P90 Peer Latency       | timeseries | `xrpld_peer_quality{metric="peer_latency_p90_ms"}`             |
+| Insane/Diverged Peers  | stat       | `xrpld_peer_quality{metric="peers_insane_count"}`              |
+| Higher Version Peers % | stat       | `xrpld_peer_quality{metric="peers_higher_version_pct"}`        |
+| Upgrade Recommended    | stat       | `xrpld_peer_quality{metric="upgrade_recommended"}`             |
+| Resource Disconnects   | timeseries | `xrpld_Overlay_Peer_Disconnects_Charges`                       |
+| Inbound vs Outbound    | bargauge   | `xrpld_Peer_Finder_Active_Inbound_Peers`, `..._Outbound_Peers` |
+
+**Key new files**: `docker/telemetry/grafana/dashboards/rippled-peer-quality.json`
+
+**Exit Criteria**:
+
+- [ ] All 6 panels render correctly
+- [ ] P90 latency panel shows trend over time
+- [ ] Upgrade recommended panel uses color threshold (red=1, green=0)
+
+---
+
+## Task 9.13: Ledger Economy Dashboard Panels (External Dashboard Parity)
+
+> **Source**: [External Dashboard Parity](../docs/superpowers/specs/2026-03-30-external-dashboard-parity-design.md)
+
+**Objective**: Add "Ledger Economy" row to the existing `system-node-health.json` dashboard.
+
+| Panel                | Type       | PromQL                                              |
+| -------------------- | ---------- | --------------------------------------------------- |
+| Base Fee (drops)     | stat       | `xrpld_ledger_economy{metric="base_fee_xrp"}`       |
+| Reserve Base (drops) | stat       | `xrpld_ledger_economy{metric="reserve_base_xrp"}`   |
+| Reserve Inc (drops)  | stat       | `xrpld_ledger_economy{metric="reserve_inc_xrp"}`    |
+| Ledger Age           | stat       | `xrpld_ledger_economy{metric="ledger_age_seconds"}` |
+| Transaction Rate     | timeseries | `xrpld_ledger_economy{metric="transaction_rate"}`   |
+
+**Key modified files**: `docker/telemetry/grafana/dashboards/system-node-health.json`
+
+**Exit Criteria**:
+
+- [ ] 5 new panels render correctly in existing dashboard
+- [ ] Fee values match `server_info` RPC output
+- [ ] Transaction rate shows smooth trend (not spiky)
+
+---
+
+## Exit Criteria
+
+- [ ] All ~50 new metrics visible in Prometheus via OTLP pipeline
+- [ ] `MetricsRegistry` class registers/deregisters cleanly with OTel SDK
+- [ ] Async gauge callbacks execute at 10s intervals without performance impact
+- [ ] 2 new Grafana dashboards operational (Fee Market, Job Queue)
+- [ ] 2 existing dashboards updated with new panel groups
+- [ ] Integration test validates all new metric families are non-zero
+- [ ] No performance regression (< 0.5% CPU overhead from new callbacks)
+- [ ] Documentation updated with full new metric inventory
+- [ ] Validator Health dashboard renders all 13 panels
+- [ ] Peer Quality dashboard renders all 6 panels
+- [ ] Ledger Economy panels added to system-node-health dashboard

OpenTelemetryPlan/presentation.md

@@ -0,0 +1,436 @@
+# OpenTelemetry Observability for xrpld
+
+> Status: Phases 1-8 shipped. Traces, metrics, logs all live via OTel.
+
+---
+
+## Slide 1: Introduction
+
+> **CNCF** = Cloud Native Computing Foundation | **OTel** = OpenTelemetry
+
+### What is OpenTelemetry?
+
+CNCF-backed, vendor-neutral framework for **traces, metrics, and logs** with a single SDK and wire protocol (OTLP).
+
+### Why OTel for xrpld?
+
+- **End-to-end TX visibility** — submission → consensus → ledger inclusion
+- **Cross-node correlation** — shared `trace_id` stitches hops without a central coordinator
+- **Consensus round analysis** — phase timing across validators
+- **Incident debugging** — correlated traces, metrics, logs for one query
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart LR
+    A["Node A<br/>tx.receive<br/>trace_id: abc123"] --> B["Node B<br/>tx.relay<br/>trace_id: abc123"] --> C["Node C<br/>tx.validate<br/>trace_id: abc123"] --> D["Node D<br/>ledger.apply<br/>trace_id: abc123"]
+
+    style A fill:#1565c0,stroke:#0d47a1,color:#fff
+    style B fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#fff
+    style C fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#fff
+    style D fill:#e65100,stroke:#bf360c,color:#fff
+```
+
+> One trace, four nodes, full lifecycle.
+
+---
+
+## Slide 2: Old Stack vs New OTel Stack
+
+### Side-by-Side
+
+| Aspect                    | Before (StatsD + Debug Logs)                                                      | After (OTel: Traces + Metrics + Logs)                        |
+| ------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
+| **Metrics**               | Beast Insight → StatsD UDP → Graphite                                             | `MetricsRegistry` → OTLP/HTTP → Prometheus                   |
+| **Metric inventory**      | **~250 metric series** at runtime (28 registrations × overlay traffic categories) | **23 native instruments** × dimensions + RED via spanmetrics |
+| **Logs**                  | `beast::Journal` → `debug.log` (grep / tail)                                      | Journal → filelog tail → Loki (structured, queryable)        |
+| **Traces**                | None                                                                              | Telemetry SDK → OTLP → Tempo (cross-node)                    |
+| **Correlation**           | Timestamp + grep across files                                                     | Shared `trace_id` across all 3 signals                       |
+| **Format**                | Counter/gauge names; free-form log lines                                          | OTLP protobuf; structured records                            |
+| **Backend choice**        | Locked to StatsD daemon + log files                                               | Vendor-neutral via Collector exporters                       |
+| **Cross-node view**       | ❌ Not possible                                                                   | ✅ Native via trace context propagation                      |
+| **Histogram p50/p95/p99** | ❌ Counters/gauges only                                                           | ✅ Native histograms + spanmetrics                           |
+
+### Legacy StatsD Metric Series (~250 total)
+
+| Category                    | Series   | Notes                                                                               |
+| --------------------------- | -------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Overlay traffic gauges**  | ~224     | 56 `TrafficCount::category` enum × 4 gauges (`Bytes_{In,Out}`, `Messages_{In,Out}`) |
+| **Peer Finder**             | 2        | `Active_{In,Out}bound_Peers`                                                        |
+| **State Accounting**        | 10       | `{Disconnected,Connected,Syncing,Tracking,Full}_{duration,transitions}`             |
+| **Ledger**                  | 4        | `Validated/Published_Ledger_Age`, `mismatch`, `ledger_fetches`                      |
+| **RPC / Pathfinding**       | 5        | `requests`, `size`, `time`, `pathfind_{fast,full}`                                  |
+| **JobQueue / IO / Disconn** | 3        | `job_count`, `ios_latency`, `Peer_Disconnects`                                      |
+| **Total**                   | **~248** | 28 `make_*` call sites; series count balloons via overlay-category fan-out          |
+
+### Use Case Matrix
+
+| Scenario                           | StatsD | Debug Logs | OTel Traces | OTel Metrics | OTel Logs |
+| ---------------------------------- | ------ | ---------- | ----------- | ------------ | --------- |
+| "TXs per second?"                  | ✅     | ❌         | ❌          | ✅           | ❌        |
+| "Why was this specific TX slow?"   | ❌     | ⚠️         | ✅          | ❌           | ⚠️        |
+| "Which node delayed consensus?"    | ❌     | ❌         | ✅          | ❌           | ❌        |
+| "TX journey across 5 nodes"        | ❌     | ❌         | ✅          | ❌           | ❌        |
+| "Validator error at 14:02"         | ❌     | ✅         | ⚠️          | ❌           | ✅        |
+| "Reproduce rare assertion / crash" | ❌     | ✅         | ❌          | ❌           | ✅        |
+| "p99 RPC latency by method"        | ⚠️     | ❌         | ⚠️          | ✅           | ❌        |
+
+> Old stack: 2 signals, no correlation, single node. New stack: 3 signals, `trace_id` everywhere, cross-node native.
+
+---
+
+## Slide 3: OTel vs Open-Source Alternatives
+
+| Feature             | OpenTelemetry   | Jaeger        | Zipkin          | SkyWalking | Pinpoint   | Prometheus |
+| ------------------- | --------------- | ------------- | --------------- | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- |
+| **Tracing**         | ✅              | ✅            | ✅              | ✅         | ✅         | ❌         |
+| **Metrics**         | ✅              | ❌            | ❌              | ✅         | ✅         | ✅         |
+| **Logs**            | ✅              | ❌            | ❌              | ✅         | ❌         | ❌         |
+| **C++ SDK**         | ✅ Official     | ⚠️ Deprecated | ⚠️ Unmaintained | ❌         | ❌         | ✅         |
+| **Vendor neutral**  | ✅ Primary goal | ❌            | ❌              | ❌         | ❌         | ❌         |
+| **Instrumentation** | Manual + Auto   | Manual        | Manual          | Auto-first | Auto-first | Manual     |
+| **Backend**         | Any (exporters) | Self          | Self            | Self       | Self       | Self       |
+| **CNCF Status**     | Incubating      | Graduated     | —               | Incubating | —          | Graduated  |
+
+> Only actively maintained, full-signal C++ option. Backend-agnostic — Tempo/Prometheus/Loki/Elastic/commercial all work without code change.
+
+---
+
+## Slide 4: Architecture (Current)
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol over HTTP/gRPC
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph xrpld["xrpld Node"]
+        direction TB
+        Surfaces["RPC · TX · Consensus · Peer · Ledger · Job"]
+        SDK["Telemetry SDK + MetricsRegistry"]
+        Journal["beast::Journal → debug.log<br/>(trace_id/span_id injected)"]
+        Surfaces --> SDK
+        Surfaces --> Journal
+    end
+
+    SDK -->|"OTLP/HTTP :4318<br/>traces + metrics"| Collector["OTel Collector"]
+    Journal -->|"filelog tail"| Collector
+
+    Collector --> Tempo["Tempo<br/>(traces)"]
+    Collector --> Prom["Prometheus<br/>(metrics)"]
+    Collector --> Loki["Loki<br/>(logs)"]
+
+    Tempo --> Grafana["Grafana<br/>(15 dashboards)"]
+    Prom --> Grafana
+    Loki --> Grafana
+
+    style xrpld fill:#424242,stroke:#212121,color:#fff
+    style SDK fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#fff
+    style Journal fill:#1565c0,stroke:#0d47a1,color:#fff
+    style Collector fill:#e65100,stroke:#bf360c,color:#fff
+    style Grafana fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+```
+
+| Component              | Role                                                |
+| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------- |
+| Telemetry SDK          | Span creation, trace context, OTLP traces export    |
+| MetricsRegistry        | RPC/job/peer/consensus counters, gauges, histograms |
+| beast::Journal filelog | `debug.log` tailed by Collector, parsed → Loki      |
+| OTel Collector         | Receive OTLP + filelog; route to Tempo/Prom/Loki    |
+| Spanmetrics connector  | Derives RED metrics from spans (Prometheus)         |
+
+---
+
+## Slide 5: Signal Coverage
+
+| Surface            | Traces (Spans)                                                  | Metrics (OTLP)                                 | Logs (Journal Partition)       |
+| ------------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------ |
+| **RPC**            | `rpc.request` + handler spans                                   | request count, latency p50/p95/p99, error rate | `RPC*`                         |
+| **Transactions**   | `tx.receive`, `tx.validate`, `tx.relay`, `tx.apply`             | TX/sec by result, fee escalation gauges        | `TxQ`, `LedgerMaster`          |
+| **Consensus**      | `consensus.round`, `proposal.send/recv`, `validation.send/recv` | round duration, phase histograms, mode gauge   | `Consensus`, `LedgerConsensus` |
+| **Peer / Overlay** | `peer.send`, `peer.receive` per message type                    | peer count, bytes/sec by msg type, suppression | `Overlay`, `PeerImp`           |
+| **Ledger**         | `ledger.close`, `ledger.apply`                                  | close time, TX count, ledger index gauge       | `LedgerMaster`                 |
+| **Job Queue**      | (sampled per type)                                              | queue depth, queue/run duration histograms     | `JobQueue`                     |
+
+> ~30 distinct span kinds, ~80 metric series, structured logs from 50+ partitions.
+
+---
+
+## Slide 6: Context Propagation
+
+```mermaid
+sequenceDiagram
+    participant Client
+    participant NodeA as Node A
+    participant NodeB as Node B
+
+    Client->>NodeA: Submit TX (no context)
+    Note over NodeA: Create trace_id: abc123<br/>span: tx.receive
+    NodeA->>NodeB: Relay TX (TraceContext field, ~29B)
+    Note over NodeB: Link trace_id: abc123<br/>span: tx.relay (parent: A)
+```
+
+| Carrier               | Mechanism                                  |
+| --------------------- | ------------------------------------------ |
+| HTTP / WebSocket RPC  | W3C `traceparent` header                   |
+| P2P protobuf          | `TraceContext` extension field per message |
+| Internal job dispatch | Thread-local context + `SpanGuard`         |
+
+| Field         | Size      | Description                           |
+| ------------- | --------- | ------------------------------------- |
+| `trace_id`    | 16 bytes  | Trace correlation key                 |
+| `span_id`     | 8 bytes   | Parent span on receiver               |
+| `trace_flags` | 1 byte    | Sampling decision                     |
+| `trace_state` | 0-4 bytes | Optional vendor data                  |
+| **Total**     | **~29 B** | Per traced P2P message (~1-6% of msg) |
+
+---
+
+## Slide 7: Performance Overhead
+
+| Metric            | Overhead   | Driver                                              |
+| ----------------- | ---------- | --------------------------------------------------- |
+| **CPU**           | 1-3%       | ~4 μs/TX span work (~2% at 25 TPS baseline)         |
+| **Memory**        | ~10 MB     | SDK statics + worker stack + 2048-span export queue |
+| **Network**       | 10-50 KB/s | OTLP export + 29 B P2P context per traced msg       |
+| **Latency (p99)** | <2%        | TX path dominates; RPC and consensus negligible     |
+
+### Kill Switches
+
+1. `enabled=0` in `xrpld.cfg` → instant disable, no restart
+2. Build with `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=OFF` → zero overhead (no-op stubs)
+3. Reduce `sampling_ratio` → linear export reduction
+
+> Derivations and per-component cost tables: see [03-implementation-strategy.md §3.5.4](./03-implementation-strategy.md#354-performance-data-sources).
+
+---
+
+## Slide 8: Sampling — Head vs Tail
+
+|                          | Head Sampling                     | Tail Sampling                          |
+| ------------------------ | --------------------------------- | -------------------------------------- |
+| **Where**                | Inside xrpld (SDK)                | OTel Collector (external)              |
+| **Decision time**        | Trace start (random coin flip)    | Trace end (after all spans buffered)   |
+| **Knows trace content?** | No                                | Yes — error, latency, span kind        |
+| **xrpld overhead**       | Lowest (drop = no-op)             | Higher (export 100%)                   |
+| **Captures all errors?** | No                                | **Yes** (status_code policy)           |
+| **Captures slow ops?**   | No                                | **Yes** (latency policy)               |
+| **Config**               | `xrpld.cfg`: `sampling_ratio=0.1` | `tail_sampling` processor in collector |
+| **Best for**             | Steady-state high volume          | Anomaly + error retention              |
+
+### Recommended Layered Strategy
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart LR
+    xrpld["xrpld<br/>sampling_ratio=1.0<br/>(export all)"] -->|"100%"| col["Collector<br/>tail_sampling:<br/>errors + slow + 10% random"]
+    col -->|"~15-20% kept"| tempo["Tempo storage"]
+
+    style xrpld fill:#424242,stroke:#212121,color:#fff
+    style col fill:#1565c0,stroke:#0d47a1,color:#fff
+    style tempo fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#fff
+```
+
+> If Collector resource pressure: drop `sampling_ratio` to 0.5 — still enough trace volume for tail decisions.
+
+---
+
+## Slide 9: Data Collection & Privacy
+
+### Collected (operational metadata)
+
+| Category    | Attributes                                                           |
+| ----------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| Transaction | `tx.hash`, `tx.type`, `tx.result`, `tx.fee`, `ledger_index`          |
+| Consensus   | `round`, `phase`, `mode`, `proposers`, `duration_ms`                 |
+| RPC         | `command`, `version`, `status`, `duration_ms`                        |
+| Peer        | `peer.id` (public key), `latency_ms`, `message.type`, `message.size` |
+| Ledger      | `ledger.hash`, `ledger.index`, `close_time`, `tx_count`              |
+| Job         | `job.type`, `queue_ms`, `worker`                                     |
+
+### NOT Collected (hard exclusions)
+
+> ❌ Private keys · ❌ Account balances · ❌ Transaction amounts · ❌ Raw payloads · ❌ Personal data · ⚙️ IP addresses (configurable)
+
+### Privacy Mechanisms
+
+| Mechanism              | Description                                               |
+| ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------- |
+| Account hashing        | `xrpl.tx.account` hashed at Collector before storage      |
+| Configurable redaction | Sensitive attributes excluded via Collector config        |
+| Sampling               | 10% default reduces exposure                              |
+| Local control          | Operator owns Collector → backend pipeline                |
+| No raw payloads        | Span attributes are metadata only, never message contents |
+
+> Principle: telemetry records **operational metadata** — never financial or personal content.
+
+---
+
+## Slide 10: Implementation Timeline
+
+```mermaid
+gantt
+    title OpenTelemetry Rollout
+    dateFormat  YYYY-MM-DD
+    axisFormat  Week %W
+
+    section Done
+    Phase 1 Core Infra        :done, p1, 2024-01-01, 2w
+    Phase 2 RPC Tracing       :done, p2, after p1, 2w
+    Phase 3 TX Tracing        :done, p3, after p2, 2w
+    Phase 4 Consensus         :done, p4, after p3, 2w
+    Phase 5 Docs/Deploy       :done, p5, after p4, 1w
+    Phase 6 StatsD Bridge     :done, p6, after p5, 1w
+    Phase 7 Native OTel Metrics :done, p7, after p6, 2w
+    Phase 8 Log-Trace Correlation :done, p8, after p7, 1w
+    Phase 9 Metric Gap Fill   :active, p9, after p8, 2w
+
+    section Future
+    Phase 10 Workload Validation :p10, after p9, 2w
+    Phase 11 3rd-Party Pipelines :p11, after p10, 3w
+```
+
+| Phase | Focus                                       | Status  |
+| ----- | ------------------------------------------- | ------- |
+| 1     | SDK integration, Telemetry, Config          | ✅ Done |
+| 2     | RPC handler spans, HTTP context             | ✅ Done |
+| 3     | TX spans, P2P protobuf context              | ✅ Done |
+| 4     | Consensus rounds, proposal/validation       | ✅ Done |
+| 5     | Runbook, dashboards, deployment             | ✅ Done |
+| 6     | StatsD bridge (interim)                     | ✅ Done |
+| 7     | Native OTel metrics (replace Beast Insight) | ✅ Done |
+| 8     | Log-trace correlation (Loki)                | ✅ Done |
+| 9     | Internal metric gap fill                    | ✅ Done |
+
+---
+
+## Slide 11: Current State — What Shipped
+
+### By Signal
+
+| Signal      | Backend    | Status | Notes                                                    |
+| ----------- | ---------- | ------ | -------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Traces**  | Tempo      | ✅     | All 6 surfaces instrumented; cross-node propagation live |
+| **Metrics** | Prometheus | ✅     | Native OTLP; Beast Insight retired                       |
+| **Logs**    | Loki       | ✅     | filelog tailing `debug.log`; `trace_id` injected         |
+
+### By Surface
+
+| Surface        | Spans Live | Metrics Live | Notes                                               |
+| -------------- | ---------- | ------------ | --------------------------------------------------- |
+| RPC            | ✅         | ✅           | Handler + pathfinding + TxQ                         |
+| Transactions   | ✅         | ✅           | Receive, validate, relay, apply                     |
+| Consensus      | ✅         | ✅           | Round + proposal/validation send+receive (Phase 4a) |
+| Peer / Overlay | ✅         | ✅           | Per-msg-type send/receive                           |
+| Ledger         | ✅         | ✅           | Close + apply                                       |
+| Job Queue      | ✅         | ✅           | Queue depth + duration histograms                   |
+
+### Stack Live
+
+| Component                  | Version |
+| -------------------------- | ------- |
+| OTel Collector (contrib)   | 0.121.0 |
+| Grafana Tempo              | 2.7.2   |
+| Grafana Loki               | 3.4.2   |
+| Prometheus                 | latest  |
+| Grafana                    | 11.5.2  |
+| **Dashboards provisioned** | **15**  |
+
+---
+
+## Slide 12: Future Phases
+
+### Phase 10 — Synthetic Workload Validation
+
+| Aspect      | Detail                                                             |
+| ----------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------ |
+| Goal        | Drive instrumented surfaces under reproducible load                |
+| Why         | Validate dashboards, catch regressions, measure overhead at scale  |
+| Deliverable | Workload generator + assertion suite (RPC/TX/peer churn scenarios) |
+| Effort      | ~2 weeks                                                           |
+
+### Phase 11 — Admin-RPC Receiver (`xrpl_*` metrics)
+
+| Aspect      | Detail                                                                                                                                        |
+| ----------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| Goal        | Custom Go OTel Collector receiver polls xrpld admin RPC, emits `xrpl_*` Prometheus metrics                                                    |
+| Why         | Admin-RPC-only data has no native export — every consumer reinvents JSON-RPC polling                                                          |
+| Scope       | `validators` (UNL, listed keys), `feature` (amendments), `peers` (per-peer detail), `amm_info`, `book_offers`, `fee` (detail tiers)           |
+| Excluded    | `server_info` / `get_counts` basics — Phase 9 (#6513) already ships `xrpld_server_info` + 14 gauges/histograms natively from in-process state |
+| Deliverable | Go receiver plugin + custom Collector binary + 4 Grafana dashboards (UNL, amendments, AMM, DEX) + Prometheus alerts                           |
+| Effort      | ~3 weeks                                                                                                                                      |
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart LR
+    rpc["xrpld admin RPC<br/>(validators, feature, peers,<br/>amm_info, book_offers, fee)"] -->|JSON-RPC poll| recv["Custom Go receiver<br/>(in Collector)"]
+    recv -->|xrpl_* metrics| prom["Prometheus"]
+    prom --> graf["Grafana dashboards"]
+
+    style rpc fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#fff
+    style recv fill:#1565c0,stroke:#0d47a1,color:#fff
+    style prom fill:#e65100,stroke:#bf360c,color:#fff
+    style graf fill:#6a1b9a,stroke:#4a148c,color:#fff
+```
+
+> Phase 11 fills the gap above Phase 9 — data only reachable via admin RPC, not via in-process metric callbacks.
+
+---
+
+## Slide 11: External Dashboard Parity (Phase 7+)
+
+### Bridging Community Monitoring into Native OTel
+
+The community [xrpl-validator-dashboard](https://github.com/realgrapedrop/xrpl-validator-dashboard) provides 86 metrics for validator operators. We integrated the 29 missing metrics natively into the OTel pipeline.
+
+### New Metric Categories
+
+```mermaid
+graph LR
+    subgraph "New Observable Gauges"
+        VH["Validator Health<br/>amendment_blocked, UNL expiry,<br/>quorum"]
+        PQ["Peer Quality<br/>P90 latency, insane peers,<br/>version awareness"]
+        LE["Ledger Economy<br/>fees, reserves, tx rate,<br/>ledger age"]
+        ST["State Tracking<br/>state value 0-6,<br/>time in state"]
+        VA["Validation Agreement<br/>1h/24h agreement %,<br/>agreements, misses"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph "Counters"
+        C1["ledgers_closed_total"]
+        C2["validations_sent_total"]
+        C3["state_changes_total"]
+    end
+
+    style VH fill:#1565c0,color:#fff
+    style PQ fill:#2e7d32,color:#fff
+    style LE fill:#e65100,color:#fff
+    style ST fill:#6a1b9a,color:#fff
+    style VA fill:#c62828,color:#fff
+    style C1 fill:#37474f,color:#fff
+    style C2 fill:#37474f,color:#fff
+    style C3 fill:#37474f,color:#fff
+```
+
+### ValidationTracker — Agreement Computation
+
+```mermaid
+sequenceDiagram
+    participant C as RCLConsensus
+    participant VT as ValidationTracker
+    participant MR as MetricsRegistry
+    participant P as Prometheus
+
+    C->>VT: recordOurValidation(hash, seq)
+    Note over VT: Stores pending event
+    C->>VT: recordNetworkValidation(hash, seq)
+    Note over VT: Marks network validated
+    MR->>VT: reconcile() [every 10s]
+    Note over VT: After 8s grace period:<br/>both validated → agreed<br/>only one → missed<br/>5min late repair window
+    MR->>P: Export agreement_pct_1h/24h
+```
+
+### New Grafana Dashboards
+
+| Dashboard        | Key Panels                                          |
+| ---------------- | --------------------------------------------------- |
+| Validator Health | Agreement %, amendment blocked, quorum, state value |
+| Peer Quality     | P90 latency, version awareness, upgrade recommended |
+| Ledger Economy   | Base fee, reserves, ledger age, transaction rate    |
+
+---
+
+_End of Presentation_

OpenTelemetryPlan/secure-OTel.md

@@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
+# Securing OpenTelemetry Against Trace Context Spoofing
+
+> **Part of**: [OpenTelemetry Implementation Plan](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md) — see also [Design Decisions § Privacy](./02-design-decisions.md#244-privacy--sensitive-data-policy) (what we don't collect) and [Configuration Reference § 5.5](./05-configuration-reference.md#55-opentelemetry-collector-configuration) (collector base config).
+
+Trace context spoofing (or poisoning) occurs when untrusted actors inject tampered or stale trace IDs into your system. If these requests are processed, the spans are appended to historical trace buckets, stretching trace durations, ruining p99 latency metrics, and breaking Grafana dashboards.
+
+This guide outlines two categories of defense: mitigating tampered contexts and locking down the OpenTelemetry (OTel) Collector to trusted clients only.
+
+---
+
+## Part 1: Mitigating Tampered Trace Contexts
+
+### 1. Perimeter Defense: Strip Headers at the API Gateway
+
+The most effective way to prevent spoofing from external sources is to treat your API Gateway (Envoy, NGINX, AWS ALB) as a hard boundary. Strip incoming W3C tracing headers (`traceparent`, `tracestate`) from public traffic so the gateway is forced to generate a fresh, legitimate `trace_id`.
+
+**NGINX Example (Stripping Headers):**
+
+```nginx
+server {
+    listen 80;
+
+    location {
+        # Clear out untrusted incoming trace headers
+        proxy_set_header traceparent "";
+        proxy_set_header tracestate "";
+
+        proxy_pass http://backend_service;
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### **2. Timestamp-Anchored Trace IDs and OTTL Filtering**
+
+If you use a custom trace ID generator that embeds a timestamp in the first few bytes (like AWS X-Ray or UUIDv7), you can use the OTel Collector's OpenTelemetry Transform Language (OTTL) to detect anomalies.
+**Collector Configuration (Conceptual OTTL Filter):**
+
+```yaml
+processors:
+  filter/stale_traces:
+    error_mode: ignore
+    traces:
+      span:
+        # Example: Drop spans where the start time is significantly different
+        # from an expected parameter or embedded timestamp logic.
+        # Note: Standard W3C trace IDs do not contain timestamps by default.
+        - 'Keep out-of-bounds spans: time.sub(start_time, now()) > duration("1h")'
+```
+
+## **Part 2: Restricting Access to the OTel Collector**
+
+Locking down the Collector ensures that only authenticated, trusted clients can submit telemetry data.
+
+### **Approach A: Network Layer Security (Kubernetes Network Policies)**
+
+Ensure your Collector is not exposed to the public internet. If running in Kubernetes, use a NetworkPolicy to restrict ingress traffic to specific namespaces.
+**Kubernetes NetworkPolicy Example:**
+
+```yaml
+apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
+kind: NetworkPolicy
+metadata:
+  name: allow-internal-otel
+  namespace: observability
+spec:
+  podSelector:
+    matchLabels:
+      app: opentelemetry-collector
+  policyTypes:
+    - Ingress
+  ingress:
+    - from:
+        - namespaceSelector:
+            matchLabels:
+              environment: production
+      ports:
+        - protocol: TCP
+          port: 4317 # gRPC
+        - protocol: TCP
+          port: 4318 # HTTP
+```
+
+### **Approach B: Transport Layer Security (Mutual TLS / mTLS)**
+
+Require clients to present a valid cryptographic certificate to connect to the Collector.
+**Collector Configuration (mTLS):**
+
+```yaml
+receivers:
+  otlp:
+    protocols:
+      grpc:
+        endpoint: 0.0.0.0:4317
+        tls:
+          client_ca_file: /certs/client_ca.pem # CA that signs trusted client certs
+          cert_file: /certs/collector.pem
+          key_file: /certs/collector.key
+          auth_type: require_and_verify_client_cert # Rejects unauthorized clients
+```
+
+### **Approach C: Application Layer Authentication (Basic Auth Extension)**
+
+Use the Collector's extension system to require an API key or Basic Auth credentials.
+**Collector Configuration (Basic Auth):**
+
+```yaml
+extensions:
+  basicauth/collector:
+    htpasswd:
+      inline: |
+        # username:trusted-client, password:SecurePassword123
+        trusted-client:$apr1$4v8p76o6$DMTX5Wv6uOmrFAZp2X1N1.
+
+receivers:
+  otlp:
+    protocols:
+      grpc:
+        endpoint: 0.0.0.0:4317
+        auth:
+          authenticator: basicauth/collector
+
+processors:
+  batch:
+
+exporters:
+  otlp:
+    endpoint: my-backend-storage:4317
+
+service:
+  extensions: [basicauth/collector]
+  pipelines:
+    traces:
+      receivers: [otlp]
+      processors: [batch]
+      exporters: [otlp]
+```
+
+**Client Setup (Environment Variables):**
+Developers must pass the authentication header using the standard OTel SDK environment variables:
+
+```bash
+# Base64 encoded "trusted-client:SecurePassword123"
+export OTEL_EXPORTER_OTLP_HEADERS="Authorization=Basic dHJ1c3RlZC1jbGllbnQ6U2VjdXJlUGFzc3dvcmQxMjM="
+```
+
+---
+
+Available routes to build on top of: https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/6425#discussion_r3234751995
+
+---
+
+# Analysis: Applying the Guide to xrpld
+
+The guide above is written for HTTP-fronted web services. xrpld is a P2P node daemon, so the threat model and the applicable defenses differ. This section captures how each approach maps to xrpld and the chosen direction.
+
+## Threat Model
+
+xrpld has **two distinct attack surfaces**, not one. The original guide conflates them under "trace context spoofing"; for xrpld they need separate defenses.
+
+| Surface                                   | Attacker                                                 | Vector                                                                                                                                                                                     | Defense                                       |
+| ----------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | --------------------------------------------- |
+| **Collector ingress** (xrpld → collector) | Anyone who can reach `4317`/`4318` on the collector host | Forged OTLP traffic, telemetry exfiltration, DoS on collector                                                                                                                              | mTLS + network policy                         |
+| **Peer trace context** (peer → xrpld)     | Malicious peer in the XRPL overlay                       | Crafted `protocol::TraceContext` field inside peer protobuf messages (TMTransaction, consensus, etc.) — used to forge `trace_id`/`span_id`, pollute p99, attach spans to historical traces | Validate + rate-limit at the receive boundary |
+
+**Deployment context:** Across-network. xrpld nodes (potentially run by external operators or in different DCs) ship telemetry to a centrally-hosted collector across an untrusted network. The collector is NOT on the same host or private VPC as every node.
+
+```
+                ┌── peer (untrusted) ── TMTransaction{trace_context} ──▶ xrpld
+                │                                                            │
+                │                                              [validate + rate-limit]
+                │                                                            │
+                │                                                            ▼
+                │                                                     SpanGuard (clean)
+                │                                                            │
+                │                                                            │ OTLP/gRPC
+                │                                                            │ + mTLS
+                │                                                            ▼
+                └─────────────────────────────────────────  [require_and_verify_client_cert]
+                                                                  OTel Collector
+                                                              (in private subnet, NetPol)
+```
+
+## Part 1 Applicability — Peer Trace-Context Validation
+
+The guide's NGINX header stripping and OTTL stale-span filtering target HTTP gateways and post-hoc cleanup. Neither fits xrpld directly:
+
+- **NGINX header stripping** — N/A. There is no HTTP gateway between peers and xrpld; trace context arrives inside protobuf peer messages (`protocol::TraceContext`), not as W3C `traceparent` headers. See [src/xrpld/telemetry/PropagationHelpers.h](../src/xrpld/telemetry/PropagationHelpers.h).
+- **OTTL stale-span filtering** — Weak fit. Post-hoc cleanup at the collector loses peer identity (you can't tell _which_ peer poisoned the trace). Validation at the receive site is stronger.
+
+**xrpld-specific Part 1 mitigations:**
+
+1. **Validate extracted context at the boundary** in [src/xrpld/telemetry/ConsensusReceiveTracing.h](../src/xrpld/telemetry/ConsensusReceiveTracing.h) and any other peer-message receive site. Reject if `trace_id` is all-zero, wrong length, or fails W3C format checks. Treat invalid context as "no propagated context" — start a fresh span — rather than dropping the message.
+2. **Per-peer sample rate limiting** so a hostile peer cannot flood the collector with spans bearing a fabricated `trace_id`. Use probabilistic sampling on the receive path keyed by peer identity.
+
+## Part 2 — Comparison of Collector Hardening Approaches
+
+Evaluated for the across-network deployment shape:
+
+| Approach                        | Across-network fit                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            | Cost                                                                 | Verdict                            |
+| ------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------- |
+| **A. NetworkPolicy / firewall** | Necessary baseline (don't expose `4317`/`4318` to the internet), but insufficient on its own when traffic genuinely crosses networks — you cannot NetworkPolicy the public internet.                                                                                                          | Cheap.                                                               | **Defense-in-depth, not primary.** |
+| **B. mTLS**                     | Strongest fit. Every xrpld node holds a client cert; collector verifies with `require_and_verify_client_cert`. Encrypts in transit (raw OTLP over the internet leaks transaction patterns and validator identity). Compromised node = revoke one cert, no shared secret to rotate everywhere. | Cert issuance + rotation pipeline.                                   | **Primary.**                       |
+| **C. Basic Auth**               | Worst shape for this topology. Single shared password across all xrpld nodes — one leaked node config compromises the whole fleet. Doesn't encrypt; you'd need TLS underneath anyway, at which point you're 80% of the way to mTLS.                                                           | Cheap to set up, expensive to operate (rotation across N operators). | **Skip.**                          |
+
+## Decision
+
+**Primary defense:** mTLS (Approach B) on the collector's OTLP receivers, with `auth_type: require_and_verify_client_cert`.
+
+**Defense-in-depth:** NetworkPolicy / firewall rules (Approach A) so `4317`/`4318` are never reachable from outside the expected operator subnets even if mTLS were misconfigured.
+
+**Skipped:** Basic Auth (Approach C) — wrong shape for an across-network, multi-operator topology.
+
+**Plus xrpld-specific Part 1 work:** trace-context validation and per-peer rate limiting at peer-message receive sites.
+
+## Decisions Made
+
+| Decision             | Choice                           | Rationale                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
+| -------------------- | -------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| Cert source for mTLS | **Reuse XRPL node identity key** | One identity per node, no separate PKI to operate. Fits XRPL's existing trust model; requires small CA tooling step to derive/sign the OTel client cert from the node key.                                                                                    |
+| Part 1 scope         | **Include in this spec**         | Collector hardening and peer trace-context validation share one threat model. Coherent design doc; can still be split into multiple PRs at implementation.                                                                                                    |
+| Dev impact           | **Production-only**              | Local `docker/telemetry/docker-compose.yml` keeps `insecure: true` and no auth for fast iteration. Only production deployment manifests gain mTLS. Accepted risk: minor dev/prod drift, mitigated by integration tests against a TLS-enabled collector in CI. |
+
+## Out of Scope
+
+- NGINX/Envoy header stripping (no HTTP gateway in front of xrpld-to-collector traffic).
+- OTTL stale-span filtering at the collector (weaker than source validation; loses peer identity).
+- Local development docker-compose hardening.
+- Telemetry backend (Tempo) hardening — separate concern, downstream of the collector.
+
+## Next Step
+
+Write this up as a design doc with full sections covering:
+
+1. Threat model & architecture (this section, expanded)
+2. Collector hardening — mTLS config, NetworkPolicy
+3. Cert pipeline — deriving OTel client cert from XRPL node key
+4. Peer trace-context validation — receive-site checks in `ConsensusReceiveTracing.h`
+5. Per-peer span rate limiting
+6. Testing & rollout

cfg/xrpld-example.cfg

@@ -1621,3 +1621,97 @@ validators.txt
 # set to ssl_verify to 0.
 [ssl_verify]
 1
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#
+# 11. Telemetry (OpenTelemetry Tracing)
+#
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#
+# Enables distributed tracing via OpenTelemetry. Requires building with
+# -DXRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=ON (telemetry Conan option).
+#
+# [telemetry]
+#
+# enabled=0
+#
+#   Enable or disable telemetry at runtime. Default: 0 (disabled).
+#
+# service_name=xrpld
+#
+#   OTel resource attribute `service.name`. Default: xrpld.
+#   The node's network ID (from [network_id]) is automatically added
+#   as the `xrpl.network.id` and `xrpl.network.type` resource attributes.
+#
+# service_instance_id=<node_public_key>
+#
+#   OTel resource attribute `service.instance.id`. Uniquely identifies
+#   this node. Default: the node's public key (auto-detected).
+#
+# endpoint=http://localhost:4318/v1/traces
+#
+#   The OTLP/HTTP exporter endpoint. The server sends trace data as
+#   protobuf-encoded HTTP POST requests to this URL.
+#   Default: http://localhost:4318/v1/traces.
+#
+# --- TLS settings for the OTLP exporter connection ---
+#
+# use_tls=0
+#
+#   Enable TLS for the OTLP/HTTP exporter connection. Default: 0 (off).
+#
+# tls_ca_cert=
+#
+#   Path to a PEM-encoded CA certificate bundle for TLS verification.
+#   Only used when use_tls=1. Default: empty (system CA store).
+#
+# sampling_ratio=1.0
+#
+#   Head-based sampling ratio using TraceIdRatioBasedSampler. The decision
+#   to record or drop a trace is made at span creation time, before the
+#   span starts, based on the trace ID. Values in [0.0, 1.0].
+#   1.0 = trace everything, 0.1 = sample ~10% of traces. Default: 1.0.
+#   For tail-based (post-hoc) filtering — where you decide to drop a span
+#   after inspecting its content — use SpanGuard::discard() in code.
+#
+# trace_rpc=1
+#
+#   Enable tracing for JSON-RPC and WebSocket API request handling —
+#   command parsing, execution, and response serialization. Default: 1.
+#
+# trace_transactions=1
+#
+#   Enable tracing for the transaction lifecycle — submission, validation,
+#   application to ledgers, and final disposition. Default: 1.
+#
+# trace_consensus=1
+#
+#   Enable tracing for the consensus round lifecycle — proposals,
+#   validations, mode changes, and ledger acceptance. Default: 1.
+#
+# trace_peer=0
+#
+#   Enable tracing for peer-to-peer protocol messages — overlay message
+#   send/receive, peer handshakes, and routing. High volume; disabled
+#   by default. Default: 0.
+#
+# trace_ledger=1
+#
+#   Enable tracing for ledger close and accept operations — ledger
+#   building, state hashing, and write-back to the node store. Default: 1.
+#
+# --- Batch processor tuning ---
+#
+# batch_size=512
+#
+#   Maximum number of spans exported in a single batch. Default: 512.
+#
+# batch_delay_ms=5000
+#
+#   Maximum delay (milliseconds) before a partial batch is flushed.
+#   Default: 5000 (5 seconds).
+#
+# max_queue_size=2048
+#
+#   Maximum number of spans queued in memory before drops occur.
+#   Default: 2048.
+#

cmake/XrplCore.cmake

@@ -78,6 +78,13 @@ include(target_link_modules)
 # Level 01
 add_module(xrpl beast)
 target_link_libraries(xrpl.libxrpl.beast PUBLIC xrpl.imports.main)
+# OTelCollector in beast/insight uses OTel Metrics SDK when telemetry is enabled.
+if(telemetry)
+    target_link_libraries(
+        xrpl.libxrpl.beast
+        PUBLIC opentelemetry-cpp::opentelemetry-cpp
+    )
+endif()
 
 include(GitInfo)
 add_module(xrpl git)
@@ -189,8 +196,28 @@ target_link_libraries(
         xrpl.libxrpl.conditions
 )
 
+# Telemetry module — OpenTelemetry distributed tracing support.
+# Sources: include/xrpl/telemetry/ (headers), src/libxrpl/telemetry/ (impl).
+# When telemetry=ON, links the Conan-provided umbrella target
+# opentelemetry-cpp::opentelemetry-cpp (individual component targets like
+# ::api, ::sdk are not available in the Conan package).
+add_module(xrpl telemetry)
+target_link_libraries(
+    xrpl.libxrpl.telemetry
+    PUBLIC xrpl.libxrpl.basics xrpl.libxrpl.beast
+)
+if(telemetry)
+    target_link_libraries(
+        xrpl.libxrpl.telemetry
+        PUBLIC opentelemetry-cpp::opentelemetry-cpp
+    )
+endif()
+
 add_module(xrpl tx)
-target_link_libraries(xrpl.libxrpl.tx PUBLIC xrpl.libxrpl.ledger)
+target_link_libraries(
+    xrpl.libxrpl.tx
+    PUBLIC xrpl.libxrpl.ledger xrpl.libxrpl.telemetry
+)
 
 add_library(xrpl.libxrpl)
 set_target_properties(xrpl.libxrpl PROPERTIES OUTPUT_NAME xrpl)
@@ -223,6 +250,7 @@ target_link_modules(
     resource
     server
     shamap
+    telemetry
     tx
 )
 

cmake/XrplDocs.cmake

@@ -27,8 +27,12 @@ file(
     src/*.cpp
     src/*.md
     Builds/*.md
-    *.md
 )
+# Add only top-level .md files (README, CONTRIBUTING, etc.) without
+# recursing into dot-directories like .claude/ whose files are not
+# valid Doxygen/CMake sources.
+file(GLOB doxygen_top_md CONFIGURE_DEPENDS "*.md")
+list(APPEND doxygen_input ${doxygen_top_md})
 list(APPEND doxygen_input external/README.md)
 set(dependencies "${doxygen_input}" "${doxyfile}")
 

cmake/scripts/codegen/templates/LedgerEntry.h.mako

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ public:
      * @brief Construct a ${name} ledger entry wrapper from an existing SLE object.
      * @throws std::runtime_error if the ledger entry type doesn't match.
      */
-    explicit ${name}(SLE::const_pointer sle)
+    explicit ${name}(std::shared_ptr<SLE const> sle)
         : LedgerEntryBase(std::move(sle))
     {
         // Verify ledger entry type
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ ${field['typeData']['setter_type']} ${field['paramName']}${',' if i < len(requir
      * @param sle The existing ledger entry to copy from.
      * @throws std::runtime_error if the ledger entry type doesn't match.
      */
-    ${name}Builder(SLE::const_pointer sle)
+    ${name}Builder(std::shared_ptr<SLE const> sle)
     {
         if (sle->at(sfLedgerEntryType) != ${tag})
         {

conan.lock

@@ -1,21 +1,24 @@
 {
     "version": "0.5",
     "requires": [
-        "zlib/1.3.2#1cb806da49011867778ffb6ac7190fcb%1777558780.503",
+        "zlib/1.3.2#1cb806da49011867778ffb6ac7190fcb%1778091116.056",
         "xxhash/0.8.3#681d36a0a6111fc56e5e45ea182c19cc%1765850149.987",
-        "sqlite3/3.53.0#324ada52333108388a9a6108bfa96734%1776096494.149",
+        "sqlite3/3.53.0#324ada52333108388a9a6108bfa96734%1778091117.311",
         "soci/4.0.3#fe32b9ad5eb47e79ab9e45a68f363945%1774450067.231",
         "snappy/1.1.10#968fef506ff261592ec30c574d4a7809%1765850147.878",
         "secp256k1/0.7.1#481881709eb0bdd0185a12b912bbe8ad%1770910500.329",
         "rocksdb/10.5.1#4a197eca381a3e5ae8adf8cffa5aacd0%1765850186.86",
         "re2/20251105#8579cfd0bda4daf0683f9e3898f964b4%1774398111.888",
         "protobuf/6.33.5#d96d52ba5baaaa532f47bda866ad87a5%1774467363.12",
+        "opentelemetry-cpp/1.26.0#9d81768342c78cb897345fd419b358d2%1776934712.672",
         "openssl/3.6.2#4789bbf131b77d0515d15e094c8f697f%1778071755.506",
         "nudb/2.0.9#11149c73f8f2baff9a0198fe25971fc7%1775040983.408",
+        "nlohmann_json/3.11.3#45828be26eb619a2e04ca517bb7b828d%1701220705.259",
         "lz4/1.10.0#59fc63cac7f10fbe8e05c7e62c2f3504%1765850143.914",
         "libiconv/1.17#1e65319e945f2d31941a9d28cc13c058%1765842973.492",
+        "libcurl/8.20.0#465ac276192c197ddc6a9f4494004278%1779353234.048",
         "libbacktrace/cci.20210118#a7691bfccd8caaf66309df196790a5a1%1765842973.03",
-        "libarchive/3.8.7#c446109bd1f1d8ba7936c94189bc50e6%1776147552.838",
+        "libarchive/3.8.7#c446109bd1f1d8ba7936c94189bc50e6%1778091117.848",
         "jemalloc/5.3.1#1fc58d55316041f10fbc1e8a2eae632a%1776700028.228",
         "gtest/1.17.0#5224b3b3ff3b4ce1133cbdd27d53ee7d%1768312129.152",
         "grpc/1.78.1#b1a9e74b145cc471bed4dc64dc6eb2c1%1774467387.342",
@@ -23,16 +26,22 @@
         "date/3.0.4#862e11e80030356b53c2c38599ceb32b%1765850143.772",
         "c-ares/1.34.6#545240bb1c40e2cacd4362d6b8967650%1774439234.681",
         "bzip2/1.0.8#c470882369c2d95c5c77e970c0c7e321%1765850143.837",
-        "boost/1.91.0#ea540ca2133d831b560036aa24dece3c%1778050991.9",
+        "boost/1.91.0#ea540ca2133d831b560036aa24dece3c%1778091165.282",
         "abseil/20250127.0#bb0baf1f362bc4a725a24eddd419b8f7%1774365460.196"
     ],
     "build_requires": [
-        "zlib/1.3.2#1cb806da49011867778ffb6ac7190fcb%1777558780.503",
+        "zlib/1.3.2#1cb806da49011867778ffb6ac7190fcb%1778091116.056",
         "strawberryperl/5.32.1.1#8d114504d172cfea8ea1662d09b6333e%1774447376.964",
         "protobuf/6.33.5#d96d52ba5baaaa532f47bda866ad87a5%1774467363.12",
+        "pkgconf/2.5.1#93c2051284cba1279494a43a4fcfeae2%1757684701.089",
+        "opentelemetry-proto/1.7.0#ed6d5bd761bef0afb0ba09676420b9ea%1749461220.268",
+        "ninja/1.13.2#c8c5dc2a52ed6e4e42a66d75b4717ceb%1764096931.974",
         "nasm/2.16.01#31e26f2ee3c4346ecd347911bd126904%1765850144.707",
         "msys2/cci.latest#d22fe7b2808f5fd34d0a7923ace9c54f%1770657326.649",
+        "meson/1.10.2#9d2d10681fe7fe61c788c58626c89b25%1775558003.754",
         "m4/1.4.19#4523e4347b55cd26ae918bd5770cab9a%1778062762.471",
+        "libtool/2.4.7#14e7739cc128bc1623d2ed318008e47e%1755679003.847",
+        "gnu-config/cci.20210814#466e9d4d7779e1c142443f7ea44b4284%1762363589.329",
         "cmake/4.3.0#b939a42e98f593fb34d3a8c5cc860359%1774439249.183",
         "b2/5.4.2#ffd6084a119587e70f11cd45d1a386e2%1774439233.447",
         "automake/1.16.5#b91b7c384c3deaa9d535be02da14d04f%1755524470.56",
@@ -58,6 +67,9 @@
         ],
         "lz4/[>=1.9.4 <2]": [
             "lz4/1.10.0#59fc63cac7f10fbe8e05c7e62c2f3504"
+        ],
+        "protobuf/[>=4.25.3 <7]": [
+            "protobuf/6.33.5#d96d52ba5baaaa532f47bda866ad87a5"
         ]
     },
     "config_requires": []

conan/profiles/default

@@ -23,3 +23,15 @@ compiler.libcxx={{detect_api.detect_libcxx(compiler, version, compiler_exe)}}
 {% if compiler == "gcc" and compiler_version < 13 %}
 tools.build:cxxflags+=['-Wno-restrict']
 {% endif %}
+{% if os == "Windows" %}
+# opentelemetry-cpp's recipe removes the `shared` option on Windows and never
+# sets BUILD_SHARED_LIBS, so its upstream CMake defaults the protobuf-generated
+# `opentelemetry_proto` target to a DLL (opentelemetry_proto.dll). The rest of
+# the project links statically and nothing deploys that DLL next to the
+# executables, so the telemetry unit test fails to start with
+# STATUS_DLL_NOT_FOUND (0xC0000135). Force the dependency to build fully static
+# so no runtime DLL is produced. The conf is folded into the package id so a
+# fresh static binary is built instead of reusing a previously cached one.
+opentelemetry-cpp/*:tools.cmake.cmaketoolchain:extra_variables={"BUILD_SHARED_LIBS": "OFF"}
+opentelemetry-cpp/*:tools.info.package_id:confs+=["tools.cmake.cmaketoolchain:extra_variables"]
+{% endif %}

conanfile.py

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ class Xrpl(ConanFile):
         "rocksdb": [True, False],
         "shared": [True, False],
         "static": [True, False],
+        "telemetry": [True, False],
         "tests": [True, False],
         "unity": [True, False],
         "xrpld": [True, False],
@@ -53,6 +54,7 @@ class Xrpl(ConanFile):
         "rocksdb": True,
         "shared": False,
         "static": True,
+        "telemetry": True,
         "tests": False,
         "unity": False,
         "xrpld": False,
@@ -139,6 +141,10 @@ class Xrpl(ConanFile):
             self.requires("jemalloc/5.3.1")
         if self.options.rocksdb:
             self.requires("rocksdb/10.5.1")
+        # OpenTelemetry C++ SDK for distributed tracing (optional).
+        # Provides OTLP/HTTP exporter, batch span processor, and trace API.
+        if self.options.telemetry:
+            self.requires("opentelemetry-cpp/1.26.0")
         self.requires("xxhash/0.8.3", transitive_headers=True)
 
     exports_sources = (
@@ -167,6 +173,7 @@ class Xrpl(ConanFile):
         tc.variables["rocksdb"] = self.options.rocksdb
         tc.variables["BUILD_SHARED_LIBS"] = self.options.shared
         tc.variables["static"] = self.options.static
+        tc.variables["telemetry"] = self.options.telemetry
         tc.variables["unity"] = self.options.unity
         tc.variables["xrpld"] = self.options.xrpld
         tc.generate()
@@ -219,3 +226,5 @@ class Xrpl(ConanFile):
         ]
         if self.options.rocksdb:
             libxrpl.requires.append("rocksdb::librocksdb")
+        if self.options.telemetry:
+            libxrpl.requires.append("opentelemetry-cpp::opentelemetry-cpp")

cspell.config.yaml

@@ -65,6 +65,7 @@ words:
   - Btrfs
   - Buildx
   - canonicality
+  - CGNAT
   - changespq
   - checkme
   - choco
@@ -94,6 +95,8 @@ words:
   - dcmake
   - dearmor
   - dedented
+  - Dedup
+  - dedup
   - deleteme
   - demultiplexer
   - deserializaton
@@ -107,8 +110,10 @@ words:
   - enabled
   - enablerepo
   - endmacro
+  - EOCFG
   - exceptioned
   - EXPECT_STREQ
+  - exfiltration
   - Falco
   - fcontext
   - finalizers
@@ -116,6 +121,8 @@ words:
   - fmtdur
   - fsanitize
   - funclets
+  - gantt
+  - Gantt
   - gcov
   - gcovr
   - ghead
@@ -124,6 +131,8 @@ words:
   - gpgcheck
   - gpgkey
   - hotwallet
+  - hicpp
+  - htpasswd
   - hwaddress
   - hwrap
   - ifndef
@@ -154,6 +163,7 @@ words:
   - libxrpl
   - llection
   - LOCALGOOD
+  - logql
   - logwstream
   - lseq
   - lsmf
@@ -161,12 +171,11 @@ words:
   - mathbunnyru
   - mcmodel
   - MEMORYSTATUSEX
-  - MPTAMM
-  - MPTDEX
   - Merkle
   - Metafuncton
   - misprediction
   - missingok
+  - MPTAMM
   - mptbalance
   - MPTDEX
   - mptflags
@@ -195,11 +204,13 @@ words:
   - nixfmt
   - nixos
   - nixpkgs
+  - NETOP
   - NOLINT
   - NOLINTNEXTLINE
   - nonxrp
   - noreplace
   - noripple
+  - nostd
   - nostdinc
   - notifempty
   - nudb
@@ -208,6 +219,7 @@ words:
   - Nyffenegger
   - onlatest
   - ostr
+  - otelc
   - pargs
   - partitioner
   - paychan
@@ -215,8 +227,12 @@ words:
   - permdex
   - perminute
   - permissioned
+  - pgrep
+  - pkill
+  - pimpl
   - pointee
   - populator
+  - pratik
   - preauth
   - preauthorization
   - preauthorize
@@ -232,7 +248,9 @@ words:
   - qalloc
   - queuable
   - Raphson
+  - reparent
   - replayer
+  - reqps
   - rerere
   - retriable
   - RIPD
@@ -285,6 +303,7 @@ words:
   - takerpays
   - ters
   - TMEndpointv2
+  - traceql
   - trixie
   - tx
   - txid
@@ -292,6 +311,7 @@ words:
   - txjson
   - txn
   - txns
+  - txqueue
   - txs
   - ubsan
   - UBSAN
@@ -339,4 +359,7 @@ words:
   - xrplf
   - xxhash
   - xxhasher
-  - CGNAT
+  - xychart
+  - zpages
+  - ripplex
+  - mseconds

docker/check-sanitizers.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+# Sanity-check that the sanitizer runtimes shipped with g++/clang++ work
+# end-to-end against the system loader: compile each example with both
+# compilers, run it, and confirm the expected diagnostic is emitted.
+
+set -eo pipefail
+
+cpp_files_dir="${1:?usage: $0 <cpp_files_dir>}"
+
+case "$(uname -m)" in
+    x86_64) loader=/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 ;;
+    aarch64) loader=/lib/ld-linux-aarch64.so.1 ;;
+    *)
+        echo "Unsupported arch: $(uname -m)" >&2
+        exit 1
+        ;;
+esac
+
+declare -A sanitize=(
+    [asan]="-fsanitize=address"
+    [tsan]="-fsanitize=thread"
+    [ubsan]="-fsanitize=undefined"
+)
+declare -A expect=(
+    [asan]="heap-use-after-free"
+    [tsan]="data race"
+    [ubsan]="signed integer overflow"
+)
+
+for compiler in g++ clang++; do
+    for name in asan tsan ubsan; do
+        bin="/tmp/${name}-${compiler}"
+        echo "=== Build ${name} with ${compiler} ==="
+        "$compiler" -std=c++20 -O1 -g ${sanitize[$name]} \
+            -Wl,--dynamic-linker=$loader \
+            "${cpp_files_dir}/${name}.cpp" -o "$bin"
+        echo "=== Run ${name}-${compiler} ==="
+        output=$("$bin" 2>&1) || true
+        echo "$output"
+        echo "$output" | grep -q "${expect[$name]}" ||
+            {
+                echo "expected '${expect[$name]}' from $bin"
+                exit 1
+            }
+        rm -f "$bin"
+    done
+done

docker/check-tool-versions.sh

@@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-# Verify that every tool expected in the Nix CI env is present and runnable.
-set -euo pipefail
-
-ccache --version
-clang --version
-clang++ --version
-clang-format --version
-cmake --version
-conan --version
-g++ --version
-gcc --version
-gcovr --version
-git --version
-less --version
-make --version
-mold --version
-ninja --version
-perl --version
-pkg-config --version
-pre-commit --version
-python3 --version
-run-clang-tidy --help
-vim --version

docker/install-sanitizer-libs.sh

@@ -1,89 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-# Install sanitizer runtime libraries required to run binaries compiled with:
-#   -fsanitize=address   → libasan.so.8
-#   -fsanitize=thread    → libtsan.so.2
-#   -fsanitize=undefined → libubsan.so.1
-#
-# The exact SONAMEs required depend on the compiler toolchain used to build the
-# test binaries (see nix/ci-env.nix). If the toolchain is bumped and SONAMEs
-# change, update the list below (or detect them from the binaries).
-#
-# Supported base images:
-#   debian:bookworm
-#   ubuntu:20.04
-#   rhel:9
-#   nixos/nix        — tests are skipped; this script is not called
-
-set -euo pipefail
-
-if [ ! -f /etc/os-release ]; then
-    echo "ERROR: /etc/os-release not found; cannot detect OS" >&2
-    exit 1
-fi
-
-# shellcheck source=/dev/null
-. /etc/os-release
-
-echo "Detected OS: ${ID} ${VERSION_ID:-}"
-
-case "${ID}" in
-    debian)
-        apt-get update -y
-        apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
-            libasan8 \
-            libtsan2 \
-            libubsan1
-
-        apt-get clean
-        rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
-        ;;
-
-    ubuntu)
-        apt-get update -y
-        apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
-            gnupg \
-            software-properties-common
-        add-apt-repository -y ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test
-        apt-get update -y
-        apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
-            libasan8 \
-            libtsan2 \
-            libubsan1
-
-        apt-get clean
-        rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
-        ;;
-
-    rhel | centos | rocky | almalinux)
-        dnf install -y \
-            libasan8 \
-            libtsan2 \
-            libubsan
-
-        dnf clean -y all
-        rm -rf /var/cache/dnf/*
-        ;;
-
-    *)
-        echo "ERROR: unsupported OS '${ID}'. Supported: debian, ubuntu, rhel-family" >&2
-        exit 1
-        ;;
-esac
-
-# Verify that every expected library is now resolvable by the dynamic linker.
-missing=0
-for lib in libasan.so.8 libtsan.so.2 libubsan.so.1; do
-    if ldconfig -p | grep -q "${lib}"; then
-        echo "OK: ${lib} found"
-    else
-        echo "ERROR: ${lib} not found after installation" >&2
-        missing=$((missing + 1))
-    fi
-done
-
-if [ "${missing}" -ne 0 ]; then
-    echo "ERROR: ${missing} library/libraries missing" >&2
-    exit 1
-fi
-
-echo "All sanitizer runtime libraries installed successfully."

docker/loader-path.sh

@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-
-case "$(uname -m)" in
-    x86_64) LOADER=/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 ;;
-    aarch64) LOADER=/lib/ld-linux-aarch64.so.1 ;;
-    *)
-        echo "Unsupported arch: $(uname -m)" >&2
-        exit 1
-        ;;
-esac
-
-echo "${LOADER}"

docker/nix.Dockerfile

@@ -27,12 +27,10 @@ RUN mkdir /tmp/nix-store-closure && \
     cp -R $(nix-store -qR result/) /tmp/nix-store-closure
 
 # Final image
-FROM ${BASE_IMAGE} AS final
-
-ARG BASE_IMAGE
+FROM ${BASE_IMAGE}
 
 # bash is not located at /bin/bash in nixos/nix, so we need to create a symlink to it.
-RUN if echo "${BASE_IMAGE}" | grep -qiE 'nixos'; then \
+RUN if [ -d /nix ]; then \
         ln -s /root/.nix-profile/bin/bash /bin/bash; \
     fi
 
@@ -45,64 +43,53 @@ ENTRYPOINT ["/bin/bash"]
 COPY --from=builder /tmp/nix-store-closure /nix/store
 COPY --from=builder /tmp/build/result /nix/ci-env
 
-ENV PATH="/nix/ci-env/bin:${PATH}"
+ENV PATH="/nix/ci-env/bin:$PATH"
 
 # Externally-built dynamically-linked ELF binaries hard-code the loader path
-# (e.g. /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2) in their PT_INTERP header. Install it
-# from the Nix store when the base image doesn't already provide one.
-COPY docker/loader-path.sh /tmp/loader-path.sh
-
+# (e.g. /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2) in their PT_INTERP header. Copy the
+# loader from the Nix store to that path when the base image doesn't already
+# provide one (i.e. on nixos/nix).
 RUN <<EOF
-target="$(/tmp/loader-path.sh)"
-
-if [ ! -e "${target}" ]; then
+case "$(uname -m)" in
+    x86_64)  target=/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 ;;
+    aarch64) target=/lib/ld-linux-aarch64.so.1 ;;
+    *) echo "Unsupported arch: $(uname -m)" >&2; exit 1 ;;
+esac
+if [ ! -e "$target" ]; then
     # Use the loader from the same glibc that gcc links libc against, so
     # ld-linux and libc/libpthread share GLIBC_PRIVATE symbols at runtime.
-    src="$(dirname "$(gcc -print-file-name=libc.so.6)")/$(basename "${target}")"
-    [ -e "${src}" ] || { echo "ld-linux not found at ${src}" >&2; exit 1; }
-    mkdir -p "$(dirname "${target}")"
-    cp "${src}" "${target}"
+    src="$(dirname "$(gcc -print-file-name=libc.so.6)")/$(basename "$target")"
+    [ -e "$src" ] || { echo "ld-linux not found at $src" >&2; exit 1; }
+    mkdir -p "$(dirname "$target")"
+    cp "$src" "$target"
 fi
 EOF
 
-COPY docker/check-tool-versions.sh /tmp/check-tool-versions.sh
-RUN /tmp/check-tool-versions.sh
-
-# Sanity-check that the g++/clang++ are able to build binaries, including sanitizer-instrumented ones.
-COPY docker/test_files/cpp_sources/ /tmp/cpp_sources/
-COPY docker/test_files/compile-cpp-sources.sh /tmp/compile-cpp-sources.sh
-RUN /tmp/compile-cpp-sources.sh /tmp/cpp_sources /tmp/bins
-
-# Tester: start from a clean BASE_IMAGE, install sanitizer runtime libraries,
-# and run the compiled test binaries to verify they execute correctly.
-FROM ${BASE_IMAGE} AS tester
-
-ARG BASE_IMAGE
-
-# bash is not located at /bin/bash in nixos/nix, so we need to create a symlink to it.
-RUN if echo "${BASE_IMAGE}" | grep -qiE 'nixos'; then \
-        ln -s /root/.nix-profile/bin/bash /bin/bash; \
-    fi
-
-SHELL ["/bin/bash", "-e", "-o", "pipefail", "-c"]
-
-# Sanity-check that the built binaries run correctly in the vanilla base image, with the necessary sanitizer runtime libraries installed.
-COPY docker/install-sanitizer-libs.sh /tmp/install-sanitizer-libs.sh
-COPY docker/test_files/run-test-binaries.sh /tmp/run-test-binaries.sh
-COPY --from=final /tmp/bins /tmp/bins
-
 RUN <<EOF
-if echo "${BASE_IMAGE}" | grep -qiE 'nixos'; then
-    echo "Skipping runnning binaries on NixOS."
-else
-    /tmp/install-sanitizer-libs.sh
-    /tmp/run-test-binaries.sh /tmp/bins
-fi
-touch /tmp/tests-passed
+ccache --version
+clang --version
+clang++ --version
+clang-format --version
+cmake --version
+conan --version
+g++ --version
+gcc --version
+gcovr --version
+git --version
+make --version
+mold --version
+ninja --version
+perl --version
+pkg-config --version
+pre-commit --version
+python3 --version
+run-clang-tidy --help
+vim --version
 EOF
 
-# Output: the final image, gated on a successful test run in the tester stage.
-# Copying the sentinel from tester creates a hard build dependency: if the test
-# run above failed, this stage — and the overall build — fails too.
-FROM final
-COPY --from=tester /tmp/tests-passed /tmp/tests-passed
+# Sanity-check that the sanitizer runtimes shipped with g++/clang++ work
+# end-to-end against the system loader.
+COPY docker/cpp_files/ /tmp/cpp_files/
+COPY docker/check-sanitizers.sh /tmp/check-sanitizers.sh
+
+RUN grep -qi ubuntu /etc/os-release 2>/dev/null && /tmp/check-sanitizers.sh /tmp/cpp_files || true

docker/telemetry/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+# Runtime data generated by xrpld and telemetry stack
+data/

docker/telemetry/TESTING.md

@@ -0,0 +1,641 @@
+# OpenTelemetry Integration Testing Guide
+
+This document describes how to verify the xrpld OpenTelemetry telemetry
+pipeline end-to-end, from span generation through the observability stack
+(otel-collector, Tempo, Prometheus, Grafana).
+
+---
+
+## Prerequisites
+
+### Build xrpld with telemetry
+
+```bash
+conan install . --build=missing -o telemetry=True
+cmake --preset default -Dtelemetry=ON
+cmake --build --preset default --target xrpld
+```
+
+The binary is at `.build/xrpld`.
+
+### Required tools
+
+- **Docker** with `docker compose` (v2)
+- **curl**
+- **jq** (JSON processor)
+
+### Verify binary
+
+```bash
+.build/xrpld --version
+```
+
+---
+
+## Test 1: Single-Node Standalone (Quick Verification)
+
+This test verifies RPC and transaction spans in standalone mode. Consensus
+spans will not fire because standalone mode does not run consensus.
+
+### Step 1: Start the observability stack
+
+```bash
+docker compose -f docker/telemetry/docker-compose.yml up -d
+```
+
+Wait for services to be ready:
+
+```bash
+# otel-collector health
+curl -sf http://localhost:13133/ && echo "collector ready"
+
+# Tempo readiness
+curl -sf http://localhost:3200/ready >/dev/null && echo "tempo ready"
+```
+
+### Step 2: Start xrpld in standalone mode
+
+```bash
+.build/xrpld --conf docker/telemetry/xrpld-telemetry.cfg -a --start
+```
+
+Wait a few seconds for the node to initialize.
+
+### Step 3: Exercise RPC spans
+
+```bash
+# server_info
+curl -s http://localhost:5005 \
+    -d '{"method":"server_info"}' | jq .result.info.server_state
+
+# server_state
+curl -s http://localhost:5005 \
+    -d '{"method":"server_state"}' | jq .result.state.server_state
+
+# ledger
+curl -s http://localhost:5005 \
+    -d '{"method":"ledger","params":[{"ledger_index":"current"}]}' |
+    jq .result.ledger_current_index
+```
+
+### Step 4: Submit a transaction
+
+Close the ledger first (required in standalone mode):
+
+```bash
+curl -s http://localhost:5005 -d '{"method":"ledger_accept"}'
+```
+
+Submit a Payment from the genesis account:
+
+```bash
+curl -s http://localhost:5005 -d '{
+  "method": "submit",
+  "params": [{
+    "secret": "snoPBrXtMeMyMHUVTgbuqAfg1SUTb",
+    "tx_json": {
+      "TransactionType": "Payment",
+      "Account": "rHb9CJAWyB4rj91VRWn96DkukG4bwdtyTh",
+      "Destination": "rPMh7Pi9ct699iZUTWzJaUMR1o42VEfGqF",
+      "Amount": "10000000"
+    }
+  }]
+}' | jq .result.engine_result
+```
+
+Expected result: `"tesSUCCESS"`.
+
+Close the ledger again to finalize:
+
+```bash
+curl -s http://localhost:5005 -d '{"method":"ledger_accept"}'
+```
+
+### Step 5: Verify traces in Tempo
+
+Wait 5 seconds for the batch export, then:
+
+```bash
+TEMPO="http://localhost:3200"
+
+# Check xrpld service is registered
+curl -s "$TEMPO/api/v2/search/tag/resource.service.name/values" | jq '.tagValues[].value'
+
+# Check RPC spans
+curl -s "$TEMPO/api/search" \
+    --data-urlencode 'q={resource.service.name="xrpld" && name="rpc.http_request"}' \
+    --data-urlencode 'limit=5' | jq '.traces | length'
+
+curl -s "$TEMPO/api/search" \
+    --data-urlencode 'q={resource.service.name="xrpld" && name="rpc.process"}' \
+    --data-urlencode 'limit=5' | jq '.traces | length'
+
+curl -s "$TEMPO/api/search" \
+    --data-urlencode 'q={resource.service.name="xrpld" && name="rpc.command.server_info"}' \
+    --data-urlencode 'limit=5' | jq '.traces | length'
+
+# Check transaction spans
+curl -s "$TEMPO/api/search" \
+    --data-urlencode 'q={resource.service.name="xrpld" && name="tx.process"}' \
+    --data-urlencode 'limit=5' | jq '.traces | length'
+```
+
+Or open Grafana Explore with Tempo datasource: http://localhost:3000
+
+### Step 6: Teardown
+
+```bash
+# Kill xrpld (Ctrl+C or)
+kill $(pgrep -f 'xrpld.*xrpld-telemetry')
+
+# Stop observability stack
+docker compose -f docker/telemetry/docker-compose.yml down
+
+# Clean xrpld data
+rm -rf data/
+```
+
+### Expected spans (standalone mode)
+
+| Span Name                   | Expected | Notes                         |
+| --------------------------- | -------- | ----------------------------- |
+| `rpc.http_request`          | Yes      | Every HTTP RPC call           |
+| `rpc.process`               | Yes      | Every RPC processing          |
+| `rpc.command.server_info`   | Yes      | server_info RPC               |
+| `rpc.command.server_state`  | Yes      | server_state RPC              |
+| `rpc.command.ledger`        | Yes      | ledger RPC                    |
+| `rpc.command.submit`        | Yes      | submit RPC                    |
+| `rpc.command.ledger_accept` | Yes      | ledger_accept RPC             |
+| `tx.process`                | Yes      | Transaction submission        |
+| `tx.receive`                | No       | No peers in standalone        |
+| `consensus.*`               | No       | Consensus disabled standalone |
+
+---
+
+## Test 2: 6-Node Consensus Network (Full Verification)
+
+This test verifies ALL span categories including consensus and peer
+transaction relay, using a 6-node validator network.
+
+### Automated
+
+Run the integration test script:
+
+```bash
+bash docker/telemetry/integration-test.sh
+```
+
+The script will:
+
+1. Start the observability stack
+2. Generate 6 validator key pairs
+3. Create config files for each node
+4. Start all 6 nodes
+5. Wait for consensus ("proposing" state)
+6. Exercise RPC, submit transactions
+7. Verify all span categories in Tempo
+8. Verify spanmetrics in Prometheus
+9. Print results and leave the stack running
+
+### Manual
+
+If you prefer to run the steps manually:
+
+#### Step 1: Start observability stack
+
+```bash
+docker compose -f docker/telemetry/docker-compose.yml up -d
+```
+
+#### Step 2: Generate validator keys
+
+Start a temporary standalone xrpld:
+
+```bash
+.build/xrpld --conf docker/telemetry/xrpld-telemetry.cfg -a --start &
+TEMP_PID=$!
+sleep 5
+```
+
+Generate 6 key pairs:
+
+```bash
+for i in $(seq 1 6); do
+    curl -s http://localhost:5005 \
+        -d '{"method":"validation_create"}' | jq '.result'
+done
+```
+
+Record the `validation_seed` and `validation_public_key` for each.
+Kill the temporary node:
+
+```bash
+kill $TEMP_PID
+rm -rf data/
+```
+
+#### Step 3: Create node configs
+
+For each node (1-6), create a config file. Template:
+
+```ini
+[server]
+port_rpc
+port_peer
+
+[port_rpc]
+port = {5004 + node_number}
+ip = 127.0.0.1
+admin = 127.0.0.1
+protocol = http
+
+[port_peer]
+port = {51234 + node_number}
+ip = 0.0.0.0
+protocol = peer
+
+[node_db]
+type=NuDB
+path=/tmp/xrpld-integration/node{N}/nudb
+online_delete=256
+
+[database_path]
+/tmp/xrpld-integration/node{N}/db
+
+[debug_logfile]
+/tmp/xrpld-integration/node{N}/debug.log
+
+[validation_seed]
+{seed from step 2}
+
+[validators_file]
+/tmp/xrpld-integration/validators.txt
+
+[ips_fixed]
+127.0.0.1 51235
+127.0.0.1 51236
+127.0.0.1 51237
+127.0.0.1 51238
+127.0.0.1 51239
+127.0.0.1 51240
+
+[peer_private]
+1
+
+[telemetry]
+enabled=1
+endpoint=http://localhost:4318/v1/traces
+sampling_ratio=1.0
+batch_size=512
+batch_delay_ms=2000
+max_queue_size=2048
+trace_rpc=1
+trace_transactions=1
+trace_consensus=1
+trace_peer=0
+trace_ledger=1
+
+[rpc_startup]
+{ "command": "log_level", "severity": "warning" }
+
+[ssl_verify]
+0
+```
+
+#### Step 4: Create validators.txt
+
+```ini
+[validators]
+{public_key_1}
+{public_key_2}
+{public_key_3}
+{public_key_4}
+{public_key_5}
+{public_key_6}
+```
+
+#### Step 5: Start all 6 nodes
+
+```bash
+for i in $(seq 1 6); do
+    .build/xrpld --conf /tmp/xrpld-integration/node$i/xrpld.cfg --start &
+    echo $! >/tmp/xrpld-integration/node$i/xrpld.pid
+done
+```
+
+#### Step 6: Wait for consensus
+
+Poll each node until `server_state` = `"proposing"`:
+
+```bash
+for port in 5005 5006 5007 5008 5009 5010; do
+    while true; do
+        state=$(curl -s http://localhost:$port \
+            -d '{"method":"server_info"}' |
+            jq -r '.result.info.server_state')
+        echo "Port $port: $state"
+        [ "$state" = "proposing" ] && break
+        sleep 5
+    done
+done
+```
+
+#### Step 7: Exercise RPC and submit transaction
+
+```bash
+# RPC calls
+curl -s http://localhost:5005 -d '{"method":"server_info"}'
+curl -s http://localhost:5005 -d '{"method":"server_state"}'
+curl -s http://localhost:5005 -d '{"method":"ledger","params":[{"ledger_index":"current"}]}'
+
+# Submit transaction
+curl -s http://localhost:5005 -d '{
+  "method": "submit",
+  "params": [{
+    "secret": "snoPBrXtMeMyMHUVTgbuqAfg1SUTb",
+    "tx_json": {
+      "TransactionType": "Payment",
+      "Account": "rHb9CJAWyB4rj91VRWn96DkukG4bwdtyTh",
+      "Destination": "rPMh7Pi9ct699iZUTWzJaUMR1o42VEfGqF",
+      "Amount": "10000000"
+    }
+  }]
+}'
+```
+
+Wait 15 seconds for consensus and batch export.
+
+#### Step 8: Verify in Tempo
+
+See the "Verification Queries" section below.
+
+---
+
+## Expected Span Catalog
+
+All 16 production span names instrumented across Phases 2-5:
+
+| Span Name                   | Source File       | Phase | Key Attributes                                                                           | How to Trigger            |
+| --------------------------- | ----------------- | ----- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------- |
+| `rpc.http_request`          | ServerHandler.cpp | 2     | --                                                                                       | Any HTTP RPC call         |
+| `rpc.ws_upgrade`            | ServerHandler.cpp | 2     | --                                                                                       | WebSocket upgrade         |
+| `rpc.ws_message`            | ServerHandler.cpp | 2     | --                                                                                       | WebSocket RPC message     |
+| `rpc.process`               | ServerHandler.cpp | 2     | --                                                                                       | RPC processing            |
+| `rpc.command.<name>`        | RPCHandler.cpp    | 2     | `command`, `version`, `rpc_role`                                                         | Any RPC command           |
+| `tx.process`                | NetworkOPs.cpp    | 3     | `xrpl.tx.hash`, `local`, `path`                                                          | Submit transaction        |
+| `tx.receive`                | PeerImp.cpp       | 3     | `xrpl.peer.id`                                                                           | Peer relays transaction   |
+| `consensus.proposal.send`   | RCLConsensus.cpp  | 4     | `xrpl.consensus.round`                                                                   | Consensus proposing phase |
+| `consensus.ledger_close`    | RCLConsensus.cpp  | 4     | `xrpl.consensus.ledger.seq`, `xrpl.consensus.mode`                                       | Ledger close event        |
+| `consensus.accept`          | RCLConsensus.cpp  | 4     | `xrpl.consensus.proposers`, `xrpl.consensus.round_time_ms`                               | Ledger accepted           |
+| `consensus.validation.send` | RCLConsensus.cpp  | 4     | `xrpl.consensus.ledger.seq`, `xrpl.consensus.proposing`                                  | Validation sent           |
+| `consensus.accept.apply`    | RCLConsensus.cpp  | 4     | `xrpl.consensus.close_time`, `close_time_correct`, `close_resolution_ms`, `state`        | Ledger apply + close time |
+| `tx.apply`                  | BuildLedger.cpp   | 5     | `xrpl.ledger.tx_count`, `xrpl.ledger.tx_failed`                                          | Ledger close (tx set)     |
+| `ledger.build`              | BuildLedger.cpp   | 5     | `xrpl.ledger.seq`, `xrpl.ledger.close_time`, `close_time_correct`, `close_resolution_ms` | Ledger build              |
+| `ledger.validate`           | LedgerMaster.cpp  | 5     | `xrpl.ledger.seq`, `xrpl.ledger.validations`                                             | Ledger validated          |
+| `ledger.store`              | LedgerMaster.cpp  | 5     | `xrpl.ledger.seq`                                                                        | Ledger stored             |
+| `peer.proposal.receive`     | PeerImp.cpp       | 5     | `xrpl.peer.id`, `proposal_trusted`                                                       | Peer sends proposal       |
+| `peer.validation.receive`   | PeerImp.cpp       | 5     | `xrpl.peer.id`, `validation_trusted`                                                     | Peer sends validation     |
+
+---
+
+## Verification Queries
+
+### Tempo API
+
+Base URL: `http://localhost:3200`
+
+```bash
+TEMPO="http://localhost:3200"
+
+# List all services
+curl -s "$TEMPO/api/v2/search/tag/resource.service.name/values" | jq '.tagValues[].value'
+
+# Query traces by operation
+for op in "rpc.http_request" "rpc.ws_upgrade" "rpc.ws_message" "rpc.process" \
+    "rpc.command.server_info" "rpc.command.server_state" "rpc.command.ledger" \
+    "tx.process" "tx.receive" "tx.apply" \
+    "consensus.proposal.send" "consensus.ledger_close" \
+    "consensus.accept" "consensus.accept.apply" \
+    "consensus.validation.send" \
+    "ledger.build" "ledger.validate" "ledger.store" \
+    "peer.proposal.receive" "peer.validation.receive"; do
+    count=$(curl -s "$TEMPO/api/search" \
+        --data-urlencode "q={resource.service.name=\"xrpld\" && name=\"$op\"}" \
+        --data-urlencode "limit=5" |
+        jq '.traces | length')
+    printf "%-35s %s traces\n" "$op" "$count"
+done
+```
+
+### Prometheus API
+
+Base URL: `http://localhost:9090`
+
+```bash
+PROM="http://localhost:9090"
+
+# Span call counts (from spanmetrics connector)
+curl -s "$PROM/api/v1/query?query=traces_span_metrics_calls_total" |
+    jq '.data.result[] | {span: .metric.span_name, count: .value[1]}'
+
+# Latency histogram
+curl -s "$PROM/api/v1/query?query=traces_span_metrics_duration_milliseconds_count" |
+    jq '.data.result[] | {span: .metric.span_name, count: .value[1]}'
+
+# RPC calls by command
+curl -s "$PROM/api/v1/query?query=traces_span_metrics_calls_total{span_name=~\"rpc.command.*\"}" |
+    jq '.data.result[] | {command: .metric["command"], count: .value[1]}'
+```
+
+### Grafana
+
+Open http://localhost:3000 (anonymous admin access enabled).
+
+Pre-configured dashboards:
+
+- **RPC Performance**: Request rates, latency percentiles by command, top commands, WebSocket rate
+- **Transaction Overview**: Transaction processing rates, apply duration, peer relay, failed tx rate
+- **Consensus Health**: Consensus round duration, proposer counts, mode tracking, accept heatmap
+- **Ledger Operations**: Build/validate/store rates and durations, TX apply metrics
+- **Peer Network**: Proposal/validation receive rates, trusted vs untrusted breakdown (requires `trace_peer=1`)
+
+Pre-configured datasources:
+
+- **Tempo**: Trace data at `http://tempo:3200`
+- **Prometheus**: Metrics at `http://prometheus:9090`
+- **Loki**: Log data at `http://loki:3100` (via Grafana Explore)
+
+---
+
+## Test 3: Log-Trace Correlation (Phase 8)
+
+Phase 8 injects `trace_id` and `span_id` into xrpld's log output when
+a log line is emitted within an active OTel span. This test verifies the
+end-to-end log-trace correlation pipeline.
+
+### Step 1: Verify trace_id in log output
+
+After running Test 1 or Test 2 (which generate RPC spans), check the
+xrpld debug.log for trace context:
+
+```bash
+grep 'trace_id=[a-f0-9]\{32\} span_id=[a-f0-9]\{16\}' /path/to/debug.log
+```
+
+Expected: log lines with `trace_id=<32hex> span_id=<16hex>` between the
+severity code and the message. Example:
+
+```
+2024-01-15T10:30:45.123Z RPCHandler:NFO trace_id=abc123def456789012345678abcdef01 span_id=0123456789abcdef Calling server_info
+```
+
+Lines emitted outside of an active span (background tasks, startup) will
+NOT have trace context — this is expected.
+
+### Step 2: Cross-check trace_id in Tempo
+
+Extract a `trace_id` from the log and verify it exists in Tempo:
+
+```bash
+TRACE_ID=$(grep -o 'trace_id=[a-f0-9]\{32\}' /path/to/debug.log | head -1 | cut -d= -f2)
+echo "Checking trace: $TRACE_ID"
+curl -s "http://localhost:3200/api/traces/$TRACE_ID" | jq '.batches | length'
+```
+
+Expected result: `> 0` (the trace exists in Tempo).
+
+### Step 3: Verify Loki log ingestion
+
+The OTel Collector's filelog receiver tails xrpld's debug.log and
+exports parsed entries to Loki. Verify Loki has received entries:
+
+```bash
+# Query Loki for any xrpld logs
+curl -sG "http://localhost:3100/loki/api/v1/query" \
+    --data-urlencode 'query={job="xrpld"}' \
+    --data-urlencode 'limit=5' | jq '.data.result | length'
+```
+
+Expected: > 0 results.
+
+### Step 4: Verify Grafana Tempo-to-Loki correlation
+
+1. Open Grafana at http://localhost:3000
+2. Navigate to **Explore** -> select **Tempo** datasource
+3. Search for a trace (e.g., operation `rpc.command.server_info`)
+4. Click **"Logs for this trace"** in the trace detail view
+5. Verify that Loki log lines appear, filtered by the trace's `trace_id`
+
+### Step 5: Verify Grafana Loki-to-Tempo correlation
+
+1. In Grafana **Explore**, select **Loki** datasource
+2. Query: `{job="xrpld"} |= "trace_id="`
+3. In the log results, click the **TraceID** derived field link
+4. Verify it navigates to the full trace in Tempo
+
+### Expected results
+
+| Check                          | Expected                                 |
+| ------------------------------ | ---------------------------------------- |
+| `trace_id=` in debug.log       | Present in log lines within active spans |
+| `span_id=` in debug.log        | Present alongside trace_id               |
+| Logs without active span       | No trace_id/span_id fields               |
+| trace_id in Tempo              | Matches a valid trace                    |
+| Loki log ingestion             | Logs visible via LogQL                   |
+| Tempo -> Loki "Logs for trace" | Shows correlated log lines               |
+| Loki -> Tempo TraceID link     | Navigates to correct trace               |
+
+---
+
+## Troubleshooting
+
+### No traces in Tempo
+
+1. Check otel-collector logs:
+   ```bash
+   docker compose -f docker/telemetry/docker-compose.yml logs otel-collector
+   ```
+2. Verify xrpld telemetry config has `enabled=1` and correct endpoint
+3. Check that otel-collector port 4318 is accessible:
+   ```bash
+   curl -sf http://localhost:4318 && echo "reachable"
+   ```
+4. Increase `batch_delay_ms` or decrease `batch_size` in xrpld config
+
+### Nodes not reaching "proposing" state
+
+1. Check that all peer ports (51235-51240) are not in use:
+   ```bash
+   for p in 51235 51236 51237 51238 51239 51240; do
+       ss -tlnp | grep ":$p " && echo "port $p in use"
+   done
+   ```
+2. Verify `[ips_fixed]` lists all 6 peer ports
+3. Verify `validators.txt` has all 6 public keys
+4. Check node debug logs: `tail -50 /tmp/xrpld-integration/node1/debug.log`
+5. Ensure `[peer_private]` is set to `1` (prevents reaching out to public network)
+
+### Transaction not processing
+
+1. Verify genesis account exists:
+   ```bash
+   curl -s http://localhost:5005 \
+       -d '{"method":"account_info","params":[{"account":"rHb9CJAWyB4rj91VRWn96DkukG4bwdtyTh"}]}' |
+       jq .result.account_data.Balance
+   ```
+2. Check submit response for error codes
+3. In standalone mode, remember to call `ledger_accept` after submitting
+
+### No trace_id in log output (Phase 8)
+
+1. Verify xrpld was built with `telemetry=ON` (`-Dtelemetry=ON` in CMake)
+2. Verify `enabled=1` in the `[telemetry]` config section
+3. Log lines only contain trace context when emitted inside an active span.
+   Background logs (startup, periodic tasks outside spans) will not have
+   `trace_id`/`span_id`.
+4. Ensure the trace category is enabled (e.g., `trace_rpc=1` for RPC logs)
+
+### No logs in Loki (Phase 8)
+
+1. Verify the log file mount in docker-compose.yml:
+   ```yaml
+   volumes:
+     - /tmp/xrpld-integration:/var/log/rippled:ro
+   ```
+2. Check OTel Collector logs for filelog receiver errors:
+   ```bash
+   docker compose -f docker/telemetry/docker-compose.yml logs otel-collector | grep -i "filelog\|loki\|error"
+   ```
+3. Verify Loki is running:
+   ```bash
+   curl -s http://localhost:3100/ready
+   ```
+4. Verify the filelog receiver glob pattern matches your log files:
+   The default pattern is `/var/log/rippled/*/debug.log`
+
+### Grafana trace-log links not working (Phase 8)
+
+1. Verify `tracesToLogs` is configured in the Tempo datasource provisioning
+   (`docker/telemetry/grafana/provisioning/datasources/tempo.yaml`)
+2. Verify `derivedFields` is configured in the Loki datasource provisioning
+   (`docker/telemetry/grafana/provisioning/datasources/loki.yaml`)
+3. Restart Grafana after changing provisioning files:
+   ```bash
+   docker compose -f docker/telemetry/docker-compose.yml restart grafana
+   ```
+
+### Spanmetrics not appearing in Prometheus
+
+1. Verify otel-collector config has `spanmetrics` connector
+2. Check that the metrics pipeline is configured:
+   ```yaml
+   service:
+     pipelines:
+       metrics:
+         receivers: [spanmetrics]
+         exporters: [prometheus]
+   ```
+3. Verify Prometheus can reach collector:
+   ```bash
+   curl -s http://localhost:9090/api/v1/targets | jq '.data.activeTargets'
+   ```

docker/telemetry/docker-compose.workload.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+# Docker Compose workload harness for Phase 10 telemetry validation.
+#
+# Runs a 5-node validator cluster with full OTel telemetry stack:
+#   - 5 rippled validator nodes (consensus network)
+#   - OTel Collector (traces + StatsD metrics)
+#   - Tempo (trace backend + search API)
+#   - Prometheus (metrics)
+#   - Loki (log aggregation for log-trace correlation)
+#   - Grafana (dashboards + trace/log exploration)
+#
+# Usage:
+#   # Start the harness (requires pre-built xrpld image or mount binary):
+#   docker compose -f docker/telemetry/docker-compose.workload.yaml up -d
+#
+#   # Or use the orchestrator:
+#   docker/telemetry/workload/run-full-validation.sh
+#
+# Prerequisites:
+#   - xrpld binary built with -DXRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=ON
+#   - Validator keys generated via generate-validator-keys.sh
+#   - Node configs generated by run-full-validation.sh
+#
+# Note: No Docker healthchecks are defined here. The orchestrator script
+# (run-full-validation.sh) polls each service endpoint directly from the
+# host, which avoids issues with missing curl/wget in container images.
+
+services:
+  # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  # Telemetry Backend Stack
+  # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+  otel-collector:
+    image: otel/opentelemetry-collector-contrib:latest
+    command: ["--config=/etc/otel-collector-config.yaml"]
+    ports:
+      - "4317:4317" # OTLP gRPC
+      - "4318:4318" # OTLP HTTP
+      - "8125:8125/udp" # StatsD UDP (beast::insight metrics)
+      - "8889:8889" # Prometheus metrics endpoint
+      - "13133:13133" # Health check
+    volumes:
+      - ./otel-collector-config.yaml:/etc/otel-collector-config.yaml:ro
+      # Mount the validation workdir so filelog receiver can tail node logs.
+      - /tmp/xrpld-validation:/var/log/rippled:ro
+    depends_on:
+      - tempo
+    networks:
+      - workload-net
+
+  tempo:
+    image: grafana/tempo:2.7.2
+    command: ["-config.file=/etc/tempo.yaml"]
+    ports:
+      - "3200:3200" # Tempo HTTP API
+    volumes:
+      - ./tempo.yaml:/etc/tempo.yaml:ro
+      - tempo-data:/var/tempo
+    networks:
+      - workload-net
+
+  prometheus:
+    image: prom/prometheus:latest
+    ports:
+      - "9090:9090"
+    volumes:
+      - ./prometheus.yml:/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml:ro
+    depends_on:
+      - otel-collector
+    networks:
+      - workload-net
+
+  loki:
+    image: grafana/loki:3.4.2
+    ports:
+      - "3100:3100" # Loki HTTP API
+    command: ["-config.file=/etc/loki/local-config.yaml"]
+    networks:
+      - workload-net
+
+  grafana:
+    image: grafana/grafana:latest
+    environment:
+      - GF_AUTH_ANONYMOUS_ENABLED=true
+      - GF_AUTH_ANONYMOUS_ORG_ROLE=Admin
+    ports:
+      - "3000:3000"
+    volumes:
+      - ./grafana/provisioning:/etc/grafana/provisioning:ro
+      - ./grafana/dashboards:/var/lib/grafana/dashboards:ro
+    depends_on:
+      - tempo
+      - prometheus
+      - loki
+    networks:
+      - workload-net
+
+volumes:
+  tempo-data:
+
+networks:
+  workload-net:
+    driver: bridge

docker/telemetry/docker-compose.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+# Docker Compose stack for xrpld OpenTelemetry observability.
+#
+# Provides services for local development:
+#   - otel-collector: receives OTLP traces from xrpld, batches and
+#     forwards them to Tempo. Also tails xrpld log files
+#     via filelog receiver and exports to Loki. Listens on ports
+#     4317 (gRPC) and 4318 (HTTP).
+#   - tempo: Grafana Tempo tracing backend, queryable via Grafana Explore
+#     on port 3000. Recommended for production (S3/GCS storage, TraceQL).
+#   - loki: Grafana Loki log aggregation backend for centralized log
+#     ingestion and log-trace correlation (Phase 8).
+#   - grafana: dashboards on port 3000, pre-configured with Tempo,
+#     Prometheus, and Loki datasources.
+#
+# Usage:
+#   docker compose -f docker/telemetry/docker-compose.yml up -d
+#
+# Configure xrpld to export traces by adding to xrpld.cfg:
+#   [telemetry]
+#   enabled=1
+#   endpoint=http://localhost:4318/v1/traces
+
+services:
+  # OpenTelemetry Collector: receives spans from xrpld via OTLP protocol,
+  # batches them for efficiency, and forwards to Tempo for storage.
+  otel-collector:
+    image: otel/opentelemetry-collector-contrib:0.121.0
+    command: ["--config=/etc/otel-collector-config.yaml"]
+    ports:
+      - "4317:4317" # OTLP gRPC
+      - "4318:4318" # OTLP HTTP (traces + native OTel metrics)
+      - "8889:8889" # Prometheus metrics (spanmetrics + OTLP)
+      # StatsD UDP port removed — beast::insight now uses native OTLP.
+      # Uncomment if using server=statsd fallback:
+      # - "8125:8125/udp"
+    volumes:
+      # Mount collector pipeline config (receivers → processors → exporters)
+      - ./otel-collector-config.yaml:/etc/otel-collector-config.yaml:ro
+      # Phase 8: Mount rippled log directories for filelog receiver.
+      # User-run xrpld writes to /home/pratik/xrpld-logs/<network>/debug.log.
+      # Integration test still writes to /tmp/xrpld-integration/.
+      # Both are mounted read-only so the collector can tail debug.log files.
+      - /home/pratik/xrpld-logs:/var/log/rippled:ro
+      - /tmp/xrpld-integration:/var/log/rippled-integration:ro
+    depends_on:
+      - tempo
+      - loki
+    networks:
+      - xrpld-telemetry
+
+  # Grafana Tempo: distributed tracing backend that stores and indexes
+  # spans. Queryable via TraceQL in Grafana Explore.
+  tempo:
+    image: grafana/tempo:2.7.2
+    command: ["-config.file=/etc/tempo.yaml"]
+    ports:
+      - "3200:3200" # Tempo HTTP API (health check, query)
+    volumes:
+      # Mount Tempo storage and ingestion config
+      - ./tempo.yaml:/etc/tempo.yaml:ro
+      # Persistent volume for trace data (WAL + blocks)
+      - tempo-data:/var/tempo
+    networks:
+      - xrpld-telemetry
+
+  # Phase 8: Grafana Loki for centralized log ingestion and log-trace
+  # correlation. Loki 3.x supports native OTLP ingestion, so the OTel
+  # Collector exports via otlphttp to Loki's /otlp endpoint.
+  # Query logs via Grafana Explore -> Loki at http://localhost:3000.
+  loki:
+    image: grafana/loki:3.4.2
+    ports:
+      - "3100:3100"
+    command: -config.file=/etc/loki/local-config.yaml
+    volumes:
+      - loki-data:/loki
+    networks:
+      - xrpld-telemetry
+
+  prometheus:
+    image: prom/prometheus:latest
+    ports:
+      - "9090:9090"
+    volumes:
+      - ./prometheus.yml:/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml:ro
+      - prometheus-data:/prometheus
+    depends_on:
+      - otel-collector
+    networks:
+      - xrpld-telemetry
+
+  # Grafana: visualization UI with Tempo pre-configured as a datasource.
+  # Anonymous admin access enabled for local development convenience.
+  grafana:
+    image: grafana/grafana:11.5.2
+    environment:
+      - GF_AUTH_ANONYMOUS_ENABLED=true # No login required for local dev
+      - GF_AUTH_ANONYMOUS_ORG_ROLE=Admin # Full access without auth
+      # Remote image rendering: point Grafana at the renderer container.
+      # These belong on the grafana service (the server delegates renders);
+      # the callback URL is how the renderer fetches the panel from grafana.
+      - GF_RENDERING_SERVER_URL=http://renderer:8081/render
+      - GF_RENDERING_CALLBACK_URL=http://grafana:3000/
+    ports:
+      - "3000:3000" # Grafana web UI
+    volumes:
+      # Auto-provision Tempo datasource and search filters on startup
+      - ./grafana/provisioning:/etc/grafana/provisioning:ro
+      - ./grafana/dashboards:/var/lib/grafana/dashboards:ro
+    depends_on:
+      - tempo
+      - prometheus
+      - loki
+      - renderer
+    networks:
+      - xrpld-telemetry
+
+  # Grafana image renderer: a sidecar that renders panels/dashboards to PNG
+  # for image export and alerting. Grafana calls it at http://renderer:8081.
+  renderer:
+    image: grafana/grafana-image-renderer:latest
+    ports:
+      - "8081:8081" # Renderer HTTP endpoint (called by grafana)
+    networks:
+      - xrpld-telemetry
+# Named volume for Tempo trace storage (WAL and compacted blocks).
+# Data persists across container restarts. Remove with:
+#   docker compose -f docker/telemetry/docker-compose.yml down -v
+volumes:
+  tempo-data:
+  prometheus-data:
+  loki-data:
+
+# Isolated bridge network so services communicate by container name
+# (e.g., the collector reaches Tempo at http://tempo:4317).
+networks:
+  xrpld-telemetry:
+    driver: bridge

docker/telemetry/grafana/dashboards/ledger-operations.json

@@ -0,0 +1,354 @@
+{
+  "annotations": {
+    "list": []
+  },
+  "editable": true,
+  "fiscalYearStartMonth": 0,
+  "graphTooltip": 1,
+  "id": null,
+  "links": [],
+  "panels": [
+    {
+      "title": "Ledger Build Rate",
+      "description": "Rate at which new ledgers are being built. The ledger.build span (BuildLedger.cpp) wraps the entire buildLedgerImpl() function which creates a new ledger from a parent, applies transactions, flushes SHAMap nodes, and sets the accepted state. Should match the consensus close rate (~0.25/sec on mainnet with ~4s rounds).",
+      "type": "stat",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 0
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=\"ledger.build\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "Builds / Sec [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ops"
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Ledger Build Duration",
+      "description": "p95 and p50 duration of ledger builds. Measures the full buildLedgerImpl() call including transaction application, SHAMap flushing, and ledger acceptance. The span records xrpl.ledger.seq as an attribute. Long build times indicate expensive transaction sets or I/O pressure from SHAMap flushes.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 0
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.95, sum by (le, exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_duration_milliseconds_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=\"ledger.build\"}[5m])))",
+          "legendFormat": "P95 Build Duration [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.50, sum by (le, exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_duration_milliseconds_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=\"ledger.build\"}[5m])))",
+          "legendFormat": "P50 Build Duration [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ms",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Duration (ms)",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Ledger Validation Rate",
+      "description": "Rate at which ledgers pass the validation threshold and are accepted as fully validated. The ledger.validate span (LedgerMaster.cpp) fires in checkAccept() only after the ledger receives sufficient trusted validations (>= quorum). Records xrpl.ledger.seq and validations (the number of validations received).",
+      "type": "stat",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 8
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=\"ledger.validate\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "Validations / Sec [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ops"
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Ledger Build Duration Heatmap",
+      "description": "Heatmap showing the distribution of ledger.build durations across histogram buckets over time. Each cell represents the count of ledger builds that fell into that duration bucket in a 5m window. Useful for spotting occasional slow ledger builds that may not appear in percentile charts.",
+      "type": "heatmap",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 8
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        },
+        "yAxis": {
+          "axisLabel": "Duration (ms)"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum(increase(traces_span_metrics_duration_milliseconds_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=\"ledger.build\"}[5m])) by (le)",
+          "legendFormat": "{{le}}",
+          "format": "heatmap"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ms"
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Transaction Apply Duration",
+      "description": "p95 and p50 duration of applying the consensus transaction set during ledger building. The tx.apply span (BuildLedger.cpp) wraps applyTransactions() which iterates through the CanonicalTXSet with multiple retry passes. Records tx_count (successful) and tx_failed (failed) as attributes.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 16
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.95, sum by (le, exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_duration_milliseconds_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=\"tx.apply\"}[5m])))",
+          "legendFormat": "P95 tx.apply [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.50, sum by (le, exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_duration_milliseconds_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=\"tx.apply\"}[5m])))",
+          "legendFormat": "P50 tx.apply [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ms",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Duration (ms)",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Transaction Apply Rate",
+      "description": "Rate of tx.apply span invocations, reflecting how frequently the transaction application phase runs during ledger building. Each ledger build triggers one tx.apply call. Should closely match the ledger build rate.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 16
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=\"tx.apply\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "tx.apply / Sec [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ops",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Operations / Sec",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Ledger Store Rate",
+      "description": "Rate at which ledgers are stored into the ledger history. The ledger.store span (LedgerMaster.cpp) wraps storeLedger() which inserts the ledger into the LedgerHistory cache. Records xrpl.ledger.seq. Should match the ledger build rate under normal operation.",
+      "type": "stat",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 24
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=\"ledger.store\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "Stores / Sec [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ops"
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Build vs Close Duration",
+      "description": "Compares p95 durations of ledger.build (the actual ledger construction in BuildLedger.cpp) vs consensus.ledger_close (the consensus close event in RCLConsensus.cpp). Build time is a subset of close time. A large gap between them indicates overhead in the consensus pipeline outside of ledger construction itself.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 24
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.95, sum by (le, exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_duration_milliseconds_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=\"ledger.build\"}[5m])))",
+          "legendFormat": "P95 ledger.build [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.95, sum by (le, exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_duration_milliseconds_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=\"consensus.ledger_close\"}[5m])))",
+          "legendFormat": "P95 consensus.ledger_close [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ms",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Duration (ms)",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    }
+  ],
+  "schemaVersion": 39,
+  "tags": ["xrpld", "ledger"],
+  "templating": {
+    "list": [
+      {
+        "name": "node",
+        "label": "Node",
+        "description": "Filter by rippled node (service.instance.id \u2014 e.g. Node-1)",
+        "type": "query",
+        "query": "label_values(traces_span_metrics_calls_total, exported_instance)",
+        "datasource": {
+          "type": "prometheus",
+          "uid": "prometheus"
+        },
+        "includeAll": true,
+        "allValue": ".*",
+        "current": {
+          "text": "All",
+          "value": "$__all"
+        },
+        "multi": true,
+        "refresh": 2,
+        "sort": 1
+      }
+    ]
+  },
+  "time": {
+    "from": "now-1h",
+    "to": "now"
+  },
+  "title": "Ledger Operations",
+  "uid": "xrpld-ledger-ops",
+  "refresh": "5s"
+}

docker/telemetry/grafana/dashboards/peer-network.json

@@ -0,0 +1,320 @@
+{
+  "annotations": {
+    "list": []
+  },
+  "description": "Requires trace_peer=1 in the [telemetry] config section.",
+  "editable": true,
+  "fiscalYearStartMonth": 0,
+  "graphTooltip": 1,
+  "id": null,
+  "links": [],
+  "panels": [
+    {
+      "title": "Peer Proposal Receive Rate",
+      "description": "Rate of consensus proposals received from network peers. The peer.proposal.receive span (PeerImp.cpp) fires in onMessage(TMProposeSet) for each incoming proposal. Records xrpl.peer.id (sending peer) and proposal_trusted (whether the proposer is in our UNL). Requires trace_peer=1 in the telemetry config.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 0
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=\"peer.proposal.receive\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "Proposals Received / Sec [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ops",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Proposals / Sec",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Peer Validation Receive Rate",
+      "description": "Rate of ledger validations received from network peers. The peer.validation.receive span (PeerImp.cpp) fires in onMessage(TMValidation) for each incoming validation message. Records xrpl.peer.id (sending peer) and validation_trusted (whether the validator is trusted). Requires trace_peer=1 in the telemetry config.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 0
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=\"peer.validation.receive\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "Validations Received / Sec [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ops",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Validations / Sec",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Proposals Trusted vs Untrusted",
+      "description": "Pie chart showing the ratio of proposals received from trusted validators (in our UNL) vs untrusted validators. Grouped by the proposal_trusted span attribute (true/false). A healthy node connected to a well-configured UNL should see a significant portion of trusted proposals. Note: proposals that fail early validation may not have the trusted attribute set.",
+      "type": "piechart",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 8
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (proposal_trusted, exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", proposal_trusted=~\"$proposal_trusted\", span_name=\"peer.proposal.receive\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "Trusted = {{proposal_trusted}} [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ops"
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Validations Trusted vs Untrusted",
+      "description": "Pie chart showing the ratio of validations received from trusted validators (in our UNL) vs untrusted validators. Grouped by the validation_trusted span attribute (true/false). Monitoring this helps detect if the node is receiving validations from the expected set of trusted validators. Note: validations that fail early checks may not have the trusted attribute set.",
+      "type": "piechart",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 8
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (validation_trusted, exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", validation_trusted=~\"$validation_trusted\", span_name=\"peer.validation.receive\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "Trusted = {{validation_trusted}} [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ops"
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Reduce-Relay Peer Selection",
+      "description": "Transaction reduce-relay efficiency: peers selected as relay sources vs suppressed, plus peers with the feature disabled. A high suppressed:selected ratio proves reduce-relay is saving bandwidth; a high not_enabled count means stale peers force full relay.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 16
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_reduce_relay_metrics{metric=\"selected_peers\",exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Selected [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_reduce_relay_metrics{metric=\"suppressed_peers\",exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Suppressed [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_reduce_relay_metrics{metric=\"not_enabled_peers\",exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Not Enabled [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "none",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Peer Count",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Reduce-Relay Missing-Tx Frequency",
+      "description": "Frequency of on-demand transaction fetches triggered when a peer is missing a relayed transaction. A rising value means the suppression is too aggressive and the on-demand fetch path is growing.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 16
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_reduce_relay_metrics{metric=\"missing_tx_freq\",exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Missing Tx Freq [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "none",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Frequency",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    }
+  ],
+  "schemaVersion": 39,
+  "tags": ["xrpld", "peer"],
+  "templating": {
+    "list": [
+      {
+        "name": "node",
+        "label": "Node",
+        "description": "Filter by rippled node (service.instance.id \u2014 e.g. Node-1)",
+        "type": "query",
+        "query": "label_values(traces_span_metrics_calls_total, exported_instance)",
+        "datasource": {
+          "type": "prometheus",
+          "uid": "prometheus"
+        },
+        "includeAll": true,
+        "allValue": ".*",
+        "current": {
+          "text": "All",
+          "value": "$__all"
+        },
+        "multi": true,
+        "refresh": 2,
+        "sort": 1
+      },
+      {
+        "name": "proposal_trusted",
+        "label": "Proposal Trusted",
+        "description": "Filter by proposal trust status (true = from trusted validator)",
+        "type": "query",
+        "query": "label_values(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{span_name=\"peer.proposal.receive\"}, proposal_trusted)",
+        "datasource": {
+          "type": "prometheus",
+          "uid": "prometheus"
+        },
+        "includeAll": true,
+        "allValue": ".*",
+        "current": {
+          "text": "All",
+          "value": "$__all"
+        },
+        "multi": true,
+        "refresh": 2,
+        "sort": 1
+      },
+      {
+        "name": "validation_trusted",
+        "label": "Validation Trusted",
+        "description": "Filter by validation trust status (true = from trusted validator)",
+        "type": "query",
+        "query": "label_values(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{span_name=\"peer.validation.receive\"}, validation_trusted)",
+        "datasource": {
+          "type": "prometheus",
+          "uid": "prometheus"
+        },
+        "includeAll": true,
+        "allValue": ".*",
+        "current": {
+          "text": "All",
+          "value": "$__all"
+        },
+        "multi": true,
+        "refresh": 2,
+        "sort": 1
+      }
+    ]
+  },
+  "time": {
+    "from": "now-1h",
+    "to": "now"
+  },
+  "title": "Peer Network",
+  "uid": "xrpld-peer-net",
+  "refresh": "5s"
+}

docker/telemetry/grafana/dashboards/rpc-performance.json

@@ -0,0 +1,473 @@
+{
+  "annotations": {
+    "list": []
+  },
+  "editable": true,
+  "fiscalYearStartMonth": 0,
+  "graphTooltip": 1,
+  "id": null,
+  "links": [],
+  "panels": [
+    {
+      "title": "RPC Request Rate by Command",
+      "description": "Per-second rate of RPC command executions, broken down by command name (e.g. server_info, submit). Calculated as rate(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{span_name=~\"rpc.command.*\"}) over a 5m window, grouped by the command span attribute.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 0
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (command, exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", command=~\"$command\", span_name=~\"rpc.command.*\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "{{command}} [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "reqps",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Requests / Sec",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "RPC Latency P95 by Command",
+      "description": "95th percentile response time for each RPC command. Computed from the spanmetrics duration histogram using histogram_quantile(0.95) over rpc.command.* spans, grouped by command. High values indicate slow commands that may need optimization.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 0
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.95, sum by (le, command, exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_duration_milliseconds_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\", command=~\"$command\", span_name=~\"rpc.command.*\"}[5m])))",
+          "legendFormat": "P95 {{command}} [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ms",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Latency (ms)",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "RPC Error Rate",
+      "description": "Percentage of RPC commands that completed with an error status, per command. Calculated as (error calls / total calls) * 100, where errors have status_code=STATUS_CODE_ERROR. Thresholds: green < 1%, yellow 1-5%, red > 5%.",
+      "type": "bargauge",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 8
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (command, exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", command=~\"$command\", span_name=~\"rpc.command.*\", status_code=\"STATUS_CODE_ERROR\"}[5m])) / sum by (command, exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", command=~\"$command\", span_name=~\"rpc.command.*\"}[5m])) * 100",
+          "legendFormat": "{{command}} [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "percent",
+          "thresholds": {
+            "steps": [
+              {
+                "color": "green",
+                "value": null
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "yellow",
+                "value": 1
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "red",
+                "value": 5
+              }
+            ]
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "RPC Latency Heatmap",
+      "description": "Distribution of RPC command response times across histogram buckets. Shows the density of requests at each latency level over time. Each cell represents the count of requests that fell into that duration bucket in a 5m window. Useful for spotting bimodal latency patterns.",
+      "type": "heatmap",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 8
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        },
+        "yAxis": {
+          "axisLabel": "Duration (ms)",
+          "unit": "ms"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum(increase(traces_span_metrics_duration_milliseconds_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\", command=~\"$command\", span_name=~\"rpc.command.*\"}[5m])) by (le)",
+          "legendFormat": "{{le}}",
+          "format": "heatmap"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ms"
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Overall RPC Throughput",
+      "description": "Aggregate RPC throughput showing two layers of the request pipeline. rpc.http_request is the outer HTTP handler (ServerHandler.cpp) that accepts incoming connections. rpc.process is the inner processing layer (ServerHandler.cpp) that parses and dispatches. A gap between the two indicates requests being queued or rejected before processing.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 16
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", command=~\"$command\", span_name=\"rpc.http_request\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "rpc.http_request / Sec [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", command=~\"$command\", span_name=\"rpc.process\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "rpc.process / Sec [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "reqps",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Requests / Sec",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "RPC Success vs Error",
+      "description": "Aggregate rate of successful vs failed RPC commands across all command types. Success = status_code UNSET (OpenTelemetry default for OK spans). Error = status_code STATUS_CODE_ERROR. A sustained error rate warrants investigation via per-command breakdown above.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 16
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", command=~\"$command\", span_name=~\"rpc.command.*\", status_code=\"STATUS_CODE_UNSET\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "Success [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", command=~\"$command\", span_name=~\"rpc.command.*\", status_code=\"STATUS_CODE_ERROR\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "Error [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ops",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Commands / Sec",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Top Commands by Volume",
+      "description": "Top 10 most frequently called RPC commands by total invocation count over the last 5 minutes. Uses topk(10, increase(calls_total)) to rank commands. Helps identify the hottest API endpoints driving load on the node.",
+      "type": "bargauge",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 24
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "topk(10, sum by (command, exported_instance) (increase(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", command=~\"$command\", span_name=~\"rpc.command.*\"}[5m])))",
+          "legendFormat": "{{command}} [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "none"
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "WebSocket Message Rate",
+      "description": "Rate of incoming WebSocket RPC messages processed by the server. Sourced from the rpc.ws_message span (ServerHandler.cpp). Only active when clients connect via WebSocket instead of HTTP. Zero is normal if only HTTP RPC is in use.",
+      "type": "stat",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 24
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", command=~\"$command\", span_name=\"rpc.ws_message\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "WS Messages / Sec [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ops"
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "RPC Resource Cost by Command",
+      "description": "RPC commands grouped by load_type (resource cost category). High-cost categories like exception_rpc or malformed_rpc indicate problematic clients.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 32
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        },
+        "legend": {
+          "displayMode": "table",
+          "placement": "right",
+          "calcs": ["mean", "lastNotNull"]
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (load_type) (rate(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=~\"rpc.command.*\", load_type!=\"\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "{{load_type}}"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ops",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Requests / Sec",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Batch vs Single RPC Requests",
+      "description": "Rate of batch RPC requests vs single requests. High batch rate may indicate bulk automation clients.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 32
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=\"rpc.process\", is_batch=\"true\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "Batch [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=\"rpc.process\", is_batch=\"false\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "Single [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ops",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Requests / Sec",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    }
+  ],
+  "schemaVersion": 39,
+  "tags": ["xrpld", "rpc"],
+  "templating": {
+    "list": [
+      {
+        "name": "node",
+        "label": "Node",
+        "description": "Filter by rippled node (service.instance.id \u2014 e.g. Node-1)",
+        "type": "query",
+        "query": "label_values(traces_span_metrics_calls_total, exported_instance)",
+        "datasource": {
+          "type": "prometheus",
+          "uid": "prometheus"
+        },
+        "includeAll": true,
+        "allValue": ".*",
+        "current": {
+          "text": "All",
+          "value": "$__all"
+        },
+        "multi": true,
+        "refresh": 2,
+        "sort": 1
+      },
+      {
+        "name": "command",
+        "label": "RPC Command",
+        "description": "Filter by RPC command name (e.g., server_info, submit)",
+        "type": "query",
+        "query": "label_values(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{span_name=~\"rpc.command.*\"}, command)",
+        "datasource": {
+          "type": "prometheus",
+          "uid": "prometheus"
+        },
+        "includeAll": true,
+        "allValue": ".*",
+        "current": {
+          "text": "All",
+          "value": "$__all"
+        },
+        "multi": true,
+        "refresh": 2,
+        "sort": 1
+      }
+    ]
+  },
+  "time": {
+    "from": "now-1h",
+    "to": "now"
+  },
+  "title": "RPC Performance",
+  "uid": "xrpld-rpc-perf",
+  "refresh": "5s"
+}

docker/telemetry/grafana/dashboards/system-ledger-data-sync.json

@@ -0,0 +1,528 @@
+{
+  "annotations": {
+    "list": []
+  },
+  "description": "Ledger data exchange and object fetch traffic from beast::insight System Metrics. Covers ledger sync, node data retrieval, and transaction set exchange. Requires [insight] server=otel in rippled config.",
+  "editable": true,
+  "fiscalYearStartMonth": 0,
+  "graphTooltip": 1,
+  "id": null,
+  "links": [],
+  "panels": [
+    {
+      "title": "Ledger Data Exchange (Bytes In)",
+      "description": "Inbound bytes for ledger data sub-categories. 'ledger_data' = aggregated ledger data, sub-types include Transaction_Set_candidate (proposed tx sets), Transaction_Node (tx tree nodes), and Account_State_Node (state tree nodes). High Account_State_Node traffic indicates state sync; high Transaction_Set_candidate indicates consensus catch-up. Sourced from TrafficCount.h ledger_data_* categories.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 0
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_ledger_data_get_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Ledger Data Get [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_ledger_data_share_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Ledger Data Share [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_ledger_data_Transaction_Set_candidate_get_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "TX Set Candidate Get [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_ledger_data_Transaction_Set_candidate_share_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "TX Set Candidate Share [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_ledger_data_Transaction_Node_get_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "TX Node Get [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_ledger_data_Transaction_Node_share_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "TX Node Share [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_ledger_data_Account_State_Node_get_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Account State Node Get [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_ledger_data_Account_State_Node_share_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Account State Node Share [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "decbytes",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Bytes In",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Ledger Share/Get Traffic (Bytes)",
+      "description": "Legacy ledger share and get traffic by sub-type. These are the older ledger fetch protocol categories (as opposed to ledger_data_* which is the newer protocol). Sub-types: Transaction_Set_candidate, Transaction_node, Account_State_node, plus aggregate ledger_share and ledger_get. Sourced from TrafficCount.h ledger_* categories.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 0
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_ledger_share_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Ledger Share In [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_ledger_get_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Ledger Get In [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_ledger_Transaction_Set_candidate_share_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "TX Set Candidate Share [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_ledger_Transaction_Set_candidate_get_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "TX Set Candidate Get [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_ledger_Transaction_node_share_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "TX Node Share [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_ledger_Transaction_node_get_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "TX Node Get [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_ledger_Account_State_node_share_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Account State Share [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_ledger_Account_State_node_get_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Account State Get [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "decbytes",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Bytes In",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "GetObject Traffic by Type (Bytes In)",
+      "description": "Object fetch traffic by object type. GetObject is the protocol for fetching specific SHAMap nodes. Types: Ledger (full ledger headers), Transaction (individual txs), Transaction_node (tx tree nodes), Account_State_node (state tree nodes), CAS (Content Addressable Storage objects), Fetch_Pack (batch fetch during catch-up), Transactions (bulk tx fetch). High Fetch_Pack traffic indicates a node is catching up. Sourced from TrafficCount.h getobject_* categories.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 8
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_getobject_Ledger_get_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Ledger Get [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_getobject_Ledger_share_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Ledger Share [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_getobject_Transaction_get_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Transaction Get [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_getobject_Transaction_share_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Transaction Share [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_getobject_Transaction_node_get_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "TX Node Get [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_getobject_Transaction_node_share_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "TX Node Share [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_getobject_Account_State_node_get_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Account State Get [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_getobject_Account_State_node_share_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Account State Share [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "decbytes",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Bytes In",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "GetObject Aggregate & Special Types (Bytes In)",
+      "description": "Aggregate getobject traffic plus special categories: CAS (Content Addressable Storage) for SHAMap node fetch, Fetch_Pack for bulk batch downloads during catch-up, Transactions for bulk tx fetch, and the aggregate getobject_get/getobject_share totals. Sourced from TrafficCount.h getobject_* categories.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 8
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_getobject_CAS_get_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "CAS Get [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_getobject_CAS_share_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "CAS Share [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_getobject_Fetch_Pack_share_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Fetch Pack Share [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_getobject_Fetch_Pack_get_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Fetch Pack Get [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_getobject_Transactions_get_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Transactions Get [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_getobject_get_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Aggregate Get [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_getobject_share_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Aggregate Share [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "decbytes",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Bytes In",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "GetObject Messages by Type",
+      "description": "Message counts for object fetch operations. Shows how many individual fetch requests and responses are exchanged per type. High message counts with low byte counts indicate small object fetches; the inverse indicates large batch transfers. Sourced from TrafficCount.h getobject_* categories.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 16
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_getobject_Ledger_get_Messages_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Ledger Get [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_getobject_Transaction_get_Messages_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Transaction Get [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_getobject_Transaction_node_get_Messages_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "TX Node Get [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_getobject_Account_State_node_get_Messages_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Account State Get [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_getobject_CAS_get_Messages_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "CAS Get [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_getobject_Fetch_Pack_get_Messages_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Fetch Pack Get [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_getobject_Transactions_get_Messages_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Transactions Get [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "short",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Messages In",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Overlay Traffic Heatmap (All Categories, Bytes In)",
+      "description": "Bar gauge showing all overlay traffic categories ranked by inbound bytes. Provides a complete at-a-glance view of which protocol message types consume the most bandwidth across all 57+ traffic categories. Sourced from all TrafficCount.h categories via wildcard match.",
+      "type": "bargauge",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 16
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        },
+        "displayMode": "gradient",
+        "orientation": "horizontal",
+        "reduceOptions": {
+          "calcs": ["lastNotNull"],
+          "fields": "",
+          "values": false
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "topk(20, {exported_instance=~\"$node\", __name__=~\"xrpld_.*_Bytes_In\", __name__!~\"xrpld_total_.*\"})",
+          "legendFormat": "{{__name__}} [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "decbytes",
+          "thresholds": {
+            "mode": "absolute",
+            "steps": [
+              {
+                "color": "green",
+                "value": null
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "yellow",
+                "value": 1048576
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "red",
+                "value": 104857600
+              }
+            ]
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    }
+  ],
+  "schemaVersion": 39,
+  "tags": ["xrpld", "statsd", "ledger", "sync"],
+  "templating": {
+    "list": [
+      {
+        "name": "node",
+        "label": "Node",
+        "description": "Filter by rippled node (service.instance.id)",
+        "type": "query",
+        "query": "label_values(xrpld_ledger_data_get_Bytes_In, exported_instance)",
+        "datasource": {
+          "type": "prometheus",
+          "uid": "prometheus"
+        },
+        "includeAll": true,
+        "allValue": ".*",
+        "current": {
+          "text": "All",
+          "value": "$__all"
+        },
+        "multi": true,
+        "refresh": 2,
+        "sort": 1
+      }
+    ]
+  },
+  "time": {
+    "from": "now-1h",
+    "to": "now"
+  },
+  "title": "Ledger Data & Sync (System Metrics)",
+  "uid": "xrpld-system-ledger-sync",
+  "refresh": "5s"
+}

docker/telemetry/grafana/dashboards/system-network-traffic.json

@@ -0,0 +1,806 @@
+{
+  "annotations": {
+    "list": []
+  },
+  "description": "Network traffic and peer metrics from beast::insight System Metrics. Requires [insight] server=otel in rippled config.",
+  "editable": true,
+  "fiscalYearStartMonth": 0,
+  "graphTooltip": 1,
+  "id": null,
+  "links": [],
+  "panels": [
+    {
+      "title": "Active Peers",
+      "description": "Number of active inbound and outbound peer connections. Sourced from Peer_Finder.Active_Inbound_Peers and Peer_Finder.Active_Outbound_Peers gauges (PeerfinderManager.cpp). A healthy mainnet node typically has 10-21 outbound and 0-85 inbound peers depending on configuration.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 0
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_Peer_Finder_Active_Inbound_Peers{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Inbound Peers [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_Peer_Finder_Active_Outbound_Peers{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Outbound Peers [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "none",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Peers",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Peer Disconnects",
+      "description": "Cumulative count of peer disconnections. Sourced from the Overlay.Peer_Disconnects gauge (OverlayImpl.h). A rising trend indicates network instability, aggressive peer management, or resource exhaustion causing connection drops.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 0
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_Overlay_Peer_Disconnects{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Disconnects [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "none",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Disconnects",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Total Network Bytes",
+      "description": "Total bytes sent and received across all peer connections. Sourced from the total.Bytes_In and total.Bytes_Out traffic category gauges (OverlayImpl.h). Provides a high-level view of network bandwidth consumption.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 8
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_total_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Bytes In [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_total_Bytes_Out{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Bytes Out [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "decbytes",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Bytes",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Total Network Messages",
+      "description": "Total messages sent and received across all peer connections. Sourced from the total.Messages_In and total.Messages_Out traffic category gauges (OverlayImpl.h). Shows the overall message throughput of the overlay network.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 8
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_total_Messages_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Messages In [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_total_Messages_Out{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Messages Out [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "short",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Messages",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Transaction Traffic",
+      "description": "Bytes and messages for transaction-related overlay traffic. Includes the transactions traffic category (OverlayImpl/TrafficCount.h). Spikes indicate high transaction volume on the network or transaction flooding.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 16
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_transactions_Messages_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "TX Messages In [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_transactions_Messages_Out{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "TX Messages Out [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_transactions_duplicate_Messages_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "TX Duplicate In [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "short",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Messages",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Proposal Traffic",
+      "description": "Messages for consensus proposal overlay traffic. Includes proposals, proposals_untrusted, and proposals_duplicate categories (TrafficCount.h). High untrusted or duplicate counts may indicate UNL misconfiguration or network spam.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 16
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_proposals_Messages_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Proposals In [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_proposals_Messages_Out{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Proposals Out [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_proposals_untrusted_Messages_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Untrusted In [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_proposals_duplicate_Messages_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Duplicate In [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "short",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Messages",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Validation Traffic",
+      "description": "Messages for validation overlay traffic. Includes validations, validations_untrusted, and validations_duplicate categories (TrafficCount.h). Monitoring trusted vs untrusted validation traffic helps detect UNL health issues.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 24
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_validations_Messages_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Validations In [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_validations_Messages_Out{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Validations Out [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_validations_untrusted_Messages_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Untrusted In [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_validations_duplicate_Messages_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Duplicate In [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "short",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Messages",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Overlay Traffic by Category (Bytes In)",
+      "description": "Top traffic categories by inbound bytes. Includes all 57 overlay traffic categories from TrafficCount.h. Shows which protocol message types consume the most bandwidth. Categories include transactions, proposals, validations, ledger data, getobject, and overlay overhead.",
+      "type": "bargauge",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 24
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "topk(10, {exported_instance=~\"$node\", __name__=~\"xrpld_.*_Bytes_In\", __name__!~\"xrpld_total_.*\"})",
+          "legendFormat": "{{__name__}} [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "decbytes"
+        },
+        "overrides": [
+          {
+            "matcher": {
+              "id": "byName",
+              "options": "xrpld_transactions_Bytes_In"
+            },
+            "properties": [
+              {
+                "id": "displayName",
+                "value": "Transactions"
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          {
+            "matcher": {
+              "id": "byName",
+              "options": "xrpld_proposals_Bytes_In"
+            },
+            "properties": [
+              {
+                "id": "displayName",
+                "value": "Proposals"
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          {
+            "matcher": {
+              "id": "byName",
+              "options": "xrpld_validations_Bytes_In"
+            },
+            "properties": [
+              {
+                "id": "displayName",
+                "value": "Validations"
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          {
+            "matcher": {
+              "id": "byName",
+              "options": "xrpld_overhead_Bytes_In"
+            },
+            "properties": [
+              {
+                "id": "displayName",
+                "value": "Overhead"
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          {
+            "matcher": {
+              "id": "byName",
+              "options": "xrpld_overhead_overlay_Bytes_In"
+            },
+            "properties": [
+              {
+                "id": "displayName",
+                "value": "Overhead Overlay"
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          {
+            "matcher": {
+              "id": "byName",
+              "options": "xrpld_ping_Bytes_In"
+            },
+            "properties": [
+              {
+                "id": "displayName",
+                "value": "Ping"
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          {
+            "matcher": {
+              "id": "byName",
+              "options": "xrpld_status_Bytes_In"
+            },
+            "properties": [
+              {
+                "id": "displayName",
+                "value": "Status"
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          {
+            "matcher": {
+              "id": "byName",
+              "options": "xrpld_getObject_Bytes_In"
+            },
+            "properties": [
+              {
+                "id": "displayName",
+                "value": "Get Object"
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          {
+            "matcher": {
+              "id": "byName",
+              "options": "xrpld_haveTxSet_Bytes_In"
+            },
+            "properties": [
+              {
+                "id": "displayName",
+                "value": "Have Tx Set"
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          {
+            "matcher": {
+              "id": "byName",
+              "options": "xrpld_ledgerData_Bytes_In"
+            },
+            "properties": [
+              {
+                "id": "displayName",
+                "value": "Ledger Data"
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          {
+            "matcher": {
+              "id": "byName",
+              "options": "xrpld_ledger_share_Bytes_In"
+            },
+            "properties": [
+              {
+                "id": "displayName",
+                "value": "Ledger Share"
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          {
+            "matcher": {
+              "id": "byName",
+              "options": "xrpld_ledger_data_get_Bytes_In"
+            },
+            "properties": [
+              {
+                "id": "displayName",
+                "value": "Ledger Data Get"
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          {
+            "matcher": {
+              "id": "byName",
+              "options": "xrpld_ledger_data_share_Bytes_In"
+            },
+            "properties": [
+              {
+                "id": "displayName",
+                "value": "Ledger Data Share"
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          {
+            "matcher": {
+              "id": "byName",
+              "options": "xrpld_ledger_data_Account_State_Node_get_Bytes_In"
+            },
+            "properties": [
+              {
+                "id": "displayName",
+                "value": "Account State Node Get"
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          {
+            "matcher": {
+              "id": "byName",
+              "options": "xrpld_ledger_data_Account_State_Node_share_Bytes_In"
+            },
+            "properties": [
+              {
+                "id": "displayName",
+                "value": "Account State Node Share"
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          {
+            "matcher": {
+              "id": "byName",
+              "options": "xrpld_ledger_data_Transaction_Node_get_Bytes_In"
+            },
+            "properties": [
+              {
+                "id": "displayName",
+                "value": "Transaction Node Get"
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          {
+            "matcher": {
+              "id": "byName",
+              "options": "xrpld_ledger_data_Transaction_Node_share_Bytes_In"
+            },
+            "properties": [
+              {
+                "id": "displayName",
+                "value": "Transaction Node Share"
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          {
+            "matcher": {
+              "id": "byName",
+              "options": "xrpld_ledger_data_Transaction_Set_candidate_get_Bytes_In"
+            },
+            "properties": [
+              {
+                "id": "displayName",
+                "value": "Tx Set Candidate Get"
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          {
+            "matcher": {
+              "id": "byName",
+              "options": "xrpld_ledger_Account_State_node_share_Bytes_In"
+            },
+            "properties": [
+              {
+                "id": "displayName",
+                "value": "Account State Node Share (Legacy)"
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          {
+            "matcher": {
+              "id": "byName",
+              "options": "xrpld_ledger_Transaction_Set_candidate_share_Bytes_In"
+            },
+            "properties": [
+              {
+                "id": "displayName",
+                "value": "Tx Set Candidate Share"
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          {
+            "matcher": {
+              "id": "byName",
+              "options": "xrpld_ledger_Transaction_node_share_Bytes_In"
+            },
+            "properties": [
+              {
+                "id": "displayName",
+                "value": "Transaction Node Share (Legacy)"
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          {
+            "matcher": {
+              "id": "byName",
+              "options": "xrpld_set_get_Bytes_In"
+            },
+            "properties": [
+              {
+                "id": "displayName",
+                "value": "Set Get"
+              }
+            ]
+          }
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Duplicate Traffic (Wasted Bandwidth)",
+      "description": "Rate of duplicate overlay traffic across transaction, proposal, and validation categories. Duplicate messages are messages the node has already seen and discards. High duplicate rates indicate inefficient message routing or network topology issues causing redundant relays.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 32
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "rate(xrpld_transactions_duplicate_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}[5m])",
+          "legendFormat": "TX Duplicate In"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "rate(xrpld_transactions_duplicate_Bytes_Out{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}[5m])",
+          "legendFormat": "TX Duplicate Out"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "rate(xrpld_proposals_duplicate_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}[5m])",
+          "legendFormat": "Proposals Duplicate In"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "rate(xrpld_proposals_duplicate_Bytes_Out{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}[5m])",
+          "legendFormat": "Proposals Duplicate Out"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "rate(xrpld_validations_duplicate_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}[5m])",
+          "legendFormat": "Validations Duplicate In"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "rate(xrpld_validations_duplicate_Bytes_Out{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}[5m])",
+          "legendFormat": "Validations Duplicate Out"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "Bps",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Throughput",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "All Traffic Categories (Detail)",
+      "description": "Top 15 traffic categories by inbound byte rate, excluding the total aggregate. Provides a detailed timeseries view of which overlay message types are consuming the most bandwidth over time. Complements the bar gauge snapshot view in the Overlay Traffic panel.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 32
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "topk(15, rate({__name__=~\"xrpld_.*_Bytes_In\", __name__!~\"xrpld_total_{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}.*\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "{{__name__}}"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "Bps",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Throughput",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    }
+  ],
+  "schemaVersion": 39,
+  "tags": ["xrpld", "statsd", "network"],
+  "templating": {
+    "list": [
+      {
+        "name": "node",
+        "label": "Node",
+        "description": "Filter by rippled node (service.instance.id)",
+        "type": "query",
+        "query": "label_values(xrpld_Peer_Finder_Active_Inbound_Peers, exported_instance)",
+        "datasource": {
+          "type": "prometheus",
+          "uid": "prometheus"
+        },
+        "includeAll": true,
+        "allValue": ".*",
+        "current": {
+          "text": "All",
+          "value": "$__all"
+        },
+        "multi": true,
+        "refresh": 2,
+        "sort": 1
+      }
+    ]
+  },
+  "time": {
+    "from": "now-1h",
+    "to": "now"
+  },
+  "title": "Network Traffic (System Metrics)",
+  "uid": "xrpld-system-network",
+  "refresh": "5s"
+}

docker/telemetry/grafana/dashboards/system-overlay-traffic-detail.json

@@ -0,0 +1,588 @@
+{
+  "annotations": {
+    "list": []
+  },
+  "description": "Detailed overlay traffic breakdown for categories not covered by the main Network Traffic dashboard. Includes squelch, overhead, validator lists, object fetch, ledger sync, and protocol negotiation traffic. Requires [insight] server=otel in rippled config.",
+  "editable": true,
+  "fiscalYearStartMonth": 0,
+  "graphTooltip": 1,
+  "id": null,
+  "links": [],
+  "panels": [
+    {
+      "title": "Squelch Traffic (Messages)",
+      "description": "Squelch-related overlay messages. Squelch is the peer traffic management protocol that suppresses redundant message forwarding. 'squelch' = squelch control messages, 'squelch_suppressed' = messages suppressed by squelch, 'squelch_ignored' = squelch directives that were ignored. High suppressed counts indicate effective bandwidth savings; high ignored counts may indicate misconfigured peers. Sourced from TrafficCount.h squelch categories.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 0
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_squelch_Messages_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Squelch In [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_squelch_Messages_Out{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Squelch Out [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_squelch_suppressed_Messages_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Suppressed In [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_squelch_suppressed_Messages_Out{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Suppressed Out [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_squelch_ignored_Messages_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Ignored In [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_squelch_ignored_Messages_Out{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Ignored Out [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "short",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Messages",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Overhead Traffic Breakdown (Bytes)",
+      "description": "Overlay protocol overhead by sub-category. 'overhead' = base protocol overhead (ping, status, etc.), 'overhead_cluster' = intra-cluster communication overhead, 'overhead_manifest' = validator manifest distribution overhead. High cluster overhead may indicate frequent cluster state syncs; high manifest overhead occurs during UNL changes. Sourced from TrafficCount.h overhead categories.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 0
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_overhead_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Base Overhead In [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_overhead_Bytes_Out{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Base Overhead Out [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_overhead_cluster_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Cluster In [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_overhead_cluster_Bytes_Out{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Cluster Out [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_overhead_manifest_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Manifest In [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_overhead_manifest_Bytes_Out{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Manifest Out [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "decbytes",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Bytes",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Validator List Traffic",
+      "description": "Validator list (UNL) distribution traffic. Validator lists are exchanged when peers share their trusted validator configurations. Spikes occur during UNL updates or when new peers connect. Sourced from TrafficCount.h validator_lists category.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 8
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_validator_lists_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Bytes In [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_validator_lists_Bytes_Out{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Bytes Out [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_validator_lists_Messages_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Messages In [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_validator_lists_Messages_Out{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Messages Out [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "short",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Count",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": [
+          {
+            "matcher": {
+              "id": "byRegexp",
+              "options": "/Bytes/"
+            },
+            "properties": [
+              {
+                "id": "custom.axisPlacement",
+                "value": "right"
+              },
+              {
+                "id": "unit",
+                "value": "decbytes"
+              }
+            ]
+          }
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Set Get/Share Traffic (Bytes)",
+      "description": "Transaction set get and share traffic. 'set_get' = requests to fetch transaction sets (sent during ledger close), 'set_share' = responses sharing transaction sets. High set_get traffic indicates peers frequently requesting missing transaction sets, which may signal sync delays. Sourced from TrafficCount.h set_get/set_share categories.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 8
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_set_get_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Set Get In [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_set_get_Bytes_Out{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Set Get Out [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_set_share_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Set Share In [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_set_share_Bytes_Out{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Set Share Out [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "decbytes",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Bytes",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Have/Requested Transactions (Messages)",
+      "description": "Transaction availability protocol messages. 'have_transactions' = advertisements that a peer has specific transactions available, 'requested_transactions' = explicit requests for transaction data. A high ratio of requested to have may indicate peers are behind on transaction propagation. Sourced from TrafficCount.h have_transactions/requested_transactions categories.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 16
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_have_transactions_Messages_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Have TX In [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_have_transactions_Messages_Out{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Have TX Out [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_requested_transactions_Messages_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Requested TX In [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_requested_transactions_Messages_Out{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Requested TX Out [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "short",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Messages",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Unknown / Unclassified Traffic",
+      "description": "Traffic that does not match any known overlay message category. Non-zero values may indicate protocol version mismatches, corrupted messages, or new message types not yet classified. Sourced from TrafficCount.h unknown category.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 16
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_unknown_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Unknown Bytes In [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_unknown_Bytes_Out{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Unknown Bytes Out [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_unknown_Messages_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Unknown Messages In [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_unknown_Messages_Out{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Unknown Messages Out [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "short",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Count",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": [
+          {
+            "matcher": {
+              "id": "byRegexp",
+              "options": "/Bytes/"
+            },
+            "properties": [
+              {
+                "id": "custom.axisPlacement",
+                "value": "right"
+              },
+              {
+                "id": "unit",
+                "value": "decbytes"
+              }
+            ]
+          }
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Proof Path Traffic",
+      "description": "Proof path request/response traffic for ledger state proof exchange. Used by peers to verify specific ledger entries without downloading the full ledger. High request volume may indicate peers validating state during catch-up. Sourced from TrafficCount.h proof_path_request/proof_path_response categories.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 24
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_proof_path_request_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Request Bytes In [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_proof_path_request_Bytes_Out{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Request Bytes Out [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_proof_path_response_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Response Bytes In [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_proof_path_response_Bytes_Out{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Response Bytes Out [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "decbytes",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Bytes",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Replay Delta Traffic",
+      "description": "Replay delta request/response traffic for ledger replay protocol. Used during catch-up to efficiently replay ledger state changes. Sourced from TrafficCount.h replay_delta_request/replay_delta_response categories.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 24
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_replay_delta_request_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Request Bytes In [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_replay_delta_request_Bytes_Out{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Request Bytes Out [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_replay_delta_response_Bytes_In{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Response Bytes In [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_replay_delta_response_Bytes_Out{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Response Bytes Out [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "decbytes",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Bytes",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    }
+  ],
+  "schemaVersion": 39,
+  "tags": ["xrpld", "statsd", "overlay", "network"],
+  "templating": {
+    "list": [
+      {
+        "name": "node",
+        "label": "Node",
+        "description": "Filter by rippled node (service.instance.id)",
+        "type": "query",
+        "query": "label_values(xrpld_squelch_Messages_In, exported_instance)",
+        "datasource": {
+          "type": "prometheus",
+          "uid": "prometheus"
+        },
+        "includeAll": true,
+        "allValue": ".*",
+        "current": {
+          "text": "All",
+          "value": "$__all"
+        },
+        "multi": true,
+        "refresh": 2,
+        "sort": 1
+      }
+    ]
+  },
+  "time": {
+    "from": "now-1h",
+    "to": "now"
+  },
+  "title": "Overlay Traffic Detail (System Metrics)",
+  "uid": "xrpld-system-overlay-detail",
+  "refresh": "5s"
+}

docker/telemetry/grafana/dashboards/system-rpc-pathfinding.json

@@ -0,0 +1,647 @@
+{
+  "annotations": {
+    "list": []
+  },
+  "description": "RPC and pathfinding metrics from beast::insight System Metrics. Requires [insight] server=otel in rippled config.",
+  "editable": true,
+  "fiscalYearStartMonth": 0,
+  "graphTooltip": 1,
+  "id": null,
+  "links": [],
+  "panels": [
+    {
+      "title": "RPC Request Rate (System Metrics)",
+      "description": "Rate of RPC requests as counted by the beast::insight counter. Sourced from rpc.requests (ServerHandler.cpp) which increments on every HTTP and WebSocket RPC request. Compare with the span-based rpc.request rate in the RPC Performance dashboard for cross-validation.",
+      "type": "stat",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 0
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "rate(xrpld_rpc_requests_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}[5m])",
+          "legendFormat": "Requests / Sec [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "reqps"
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "RPC Response Time (System Metrics)",
+      "description": "P95 and P50 of RPC response time from the beast::insight timer. Sourced from the rpc.time event (ServerHandler.cpp) which records elapsed milliseconds for each RPC response. This measures the full HTTP handler time, not just command execution. Compare with span-based rpc.request duration.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 0
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.95, sum by (le, exported_instance) (rate(xrpld_rpc_time_milliseconds_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}[5m])))",
+          "legendFormat": "P95 Response Time [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.5, sum by (le, exported_instance) (rate(xrpld_rpc_time_milliseconds_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}[5m])))",
+          "legendFormat": "P50 Response Time [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ms",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Latency (ms)",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "RPC Response Size",
+      "description": "P95 and P50 of RPC response payload size in bytes. Sourced from the rpc.size event (ServerHandler.cpp) which records the byte length of each RPC JSON response. Large responses may indicate expensive queries (e.g. account_tx with many results) or API misuse.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 8
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.95, sum by (le, exported_instance) (rate(xrpld_rpc_size_milliseconds_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}[5m])))",
+          "legendFormat": "P95 Response Size [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.5, sum by (le, exported_instance) (rate(xrpld_rpc_size_milliseconds_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}[5m])))",
+          "legendFormat": "P50 Response Size [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "decbytes",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Size (Bytes)",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "RPC Response Time Distribution",
+      "description": "Distribution of RPC response times from the beast::insight timer showing P50, P90, P95, and P99 quantiles. Sourced from the rpc.time event (ServerHandler.cpp). Useful for detecting bimodal latency or long-tail requests.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 8
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.5, sum by (le, exported_instance) (rate(xrpld_rpc_time_milliseconds_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}[5m])))",
+          "legendFormat": "P50 [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.9, sum by (le, exported_instance) (rate(xrpld_rpc_time_milliseconds_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}[5m])))",
+          "legendFormat": "P90 [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.95, sum by (le, exported_instance) (rate(xrpld_rpc_time_milliseconds_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}[5m])))",
+          "legendFormat": "P95 [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.99, sum by (le, exported_instance) (rate(xrpld_rpc_time_milliseconds_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}[5m])))",
+          "legendFormat": "P99 [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ms",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Latency (ms)",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Pathfinding Fast Duration",
+      "description": "P95 and P50 of fast pathfinding execution time. Sourced from the pathfind_fast event (PathRequests.h) which records the duration of the fast pathfinding algorithm. Fast pathfinding uses a simplified search that trades accuracy for speed.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 16
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.95, sum by (le, exported_instance) (rate(xrpld_pathfind_fast_milliseconds_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}[5m])))",
+          "legendFormat": "P95 Fast Pathfind [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.5, sum by (le, exported_instance) (rate(xrpld_pathfind_fast_milliseconds_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}[5m])))",
+          "legendFormat": "P50 Fast Pathfind [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ms",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Duration (ms)",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Pathfinding Full Duration",
+      "description": "P95 and P50 of full pathfinding execution time. Sourced from the pathfind_full event (PathRequests.h) which records the duration of the exhaustive pathfinding search. Full pathfinding is more expensive and can take significantly longer than fast mode.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 16
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.95, sum by (le, exported_instance) (rate(xrpld_pathfind_full_milliseconds_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}[5m])))",
+          "legendFormat": "P95 Full Pathfind [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.5, sum by (le, exported_instance) (rate(xrpld_pathfind_full_milliseconds_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}[5m])))",
+          "legendFormat": "P50 Full Pathfind [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ms",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Duration (ms)",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Resource Warnings Rate",
+      "description": "Rate of resource warning events from the Resource Manager. Sourced from the warn meter (Logic.h) which increments when a consumer (peer or RPC client) exceeds the warning threshold for resource usage. A rising rate indicates aggressive clients that may need throttling. NOTE: This panel will show no data until the |m -> |c fix is applied in System MetricsCollector.cpp (Phase 6 Task 6.1).",
+      "type": "stat",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 24
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "rate(xrpld_warn_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}[5m])",
+          "legendFormat": "Warnings / Sec [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ops",
+          "thresholds": {
+            "steps": [
+              {
+                "color": "green",
+                "value": null
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "yellow",
+                "value": 0.1
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "red",
+                "value": 1
+              }
+            ]
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Resource Drops Rate",
+      "description": "Rate of resource drop events from the Resource Manager. Sourced from the drop meter (Logic.h) which increments when a consumer is disconnected or blocked due to excessive resource usage. Non-zero values mean the node is actively rejecting abusive connections. NOTE: This panel will show no data until the |m -> |c fix is applied in System MetricsCollector.cpp (Phase 6 Task 6.1).",
+      "type": "stat",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 24
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "rate(xrpld_drop_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}[5m])",
+          "legendFormat": "Drops / Sec [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ops",
+          "thresholds": {
+            "steps": [
+              {
+                "color": "green",
+                "value": null
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "yellow",
+                "value": 0.01
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "red",
+                "value": 0.1
+              }
+            ]
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "gRPC Request Rate by Method (Spans)",
+      "description": "Per-method gRPC call rate derived from the grpc.{Method} spans (GRPCServer.cpp). Covers the gRPC API used by reporting/Clio. Populated only when the node serves gRPC traffic.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 32
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (method, exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", method=~\"$grpc_method\", span_name=~\"grpc\\\\..*\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "{{method}} [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ops",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Calls / Sec",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "gRPC Latency P95 by Method (Spans)",
+      "description": "p95 latency per gRPC method from grpc.{Method} span durations. Identifies slow gRPC read paths.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 32
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.95, sum by (le, method, exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_duration_milliseconds_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\", method=~\"$grpc_method\", span_name=~\"grpc\\\\..*\"}[5m])))",
+          "legendFormat": "{{method}} [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ms",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Duration (ms)",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "gRPC Error Rate by Status (Spans)",
+      "description": "Rate of gRPC spans broken down by grpc_status (success/error/resource_exhausted/failed_precondition). A rising error or resource_exhausted rate indicates gRPC clients hitting limits.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 40
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (grpc_status, exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=~\"grpc\\\\..*\", grpc_status!=\"\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "{{grpc_status}} [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ops",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Calls / Sec",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Pathfinding Compute Duration (Spans)",
+      "description": "p95/p50 of the pathfind.compute span, the per-request path computation. Complements the StatsD pathfind_fast/full timers with span-level visibility. Populated under pathfinding (book/path) RPC load.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 40
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.95, sum by (le, exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_duration_milliseconds_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=\"pathfind.compute\"}[5m])))",
+          "legendFormat": "P95 Compute [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.50, sum by (le, exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_duration_milliseconds_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=\"pathfind.compute\"}[5m])))",
+          "legendFormat": "P50 Compute [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ms",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Duration (ms)",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Pathfinding Request & Discovery Rate (Spans)",
+      "description": "Rate of pathfind.request (client path requests) and pathfind.discover (path-discovery passes) spans. Shows pathfinding demand and the discovery cost driver for subscription-heavy nodes.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 24,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 48
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=\"pathfind.request\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "Requests / Sec [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=\"pathfind.discover\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "Discoveries / Sec [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ops",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Operations / Sec",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    }
+  ],
+  "schemaVersion": 39,
+  "tags": ["xrpld", "statsd", "rpc", "pathfinding"],
+  "templating": {
+    "list": [
+      {
+        "name": "node",
+        "label": "Node",
+        "description": "Filter by rippled node (service.instance.id)",
+        "type": "query",
+        "query": "label_values(xrpld_rpc_requests_total, exported_instance)",
+        "datasource": {
+          "type": "prometheus",
+          "uid": "prometheus"
+        },
+        "includeAll": true,
+        "allValue": ".*",
+        "current": {
+          "text": "All",
+          "value": "$__all"
+        },
+        "multi": true,
+        "refresh": 2,
+        "sort": 1
+      },
+      {
+        "name": "grpc_method",
+        "label": "gRPC Method",
+        "description": "Filter by gRPC method (GetLedger, GetLedgerData, GetLedgerDiff, GetLedgerEntry)",
+        "type": "query",
+        "query": "label_values(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{span_name=~\"grpc\\\\..*\"}, method)",
+        "datasource": {
+          "type": "prometheus",
+          "uid": "prometheus"
+        },
+        "includeAll": true,
+        "allValue": ".*",
+        "current": {
+          "text": "All",
+          "value": "$__all"
+        },
+        "multi": true,
+        "refresh": 2,
+        "sort": 1
+      }
+    ]
+  },
+  "time": {
+    "from": "now-1h",
+    "to": "now"
+  },
+  "title": "RPC & Pathfinding (System Metrics)",
+  "uid": "xrpld-system-rpc",
+  "refresh": "5s"
+}

docker/telemetry/grafana/dashboards/transaction-overview.json

@@ -0,0 +1,781 @@
+{
+  "annotations": {
+    "list": []
+  },
+  "editable": true,
+  "fiscalYearStartMonth": 0,
+  "graphTooltip": 1,
+  "id": null,
+  "links": [],
+  "panels": [
+    {
+      "title": "Transaction Processing Rate",
+      "description": "Rate of transactions entering the processing pipeline. tx.process (NetworkOPs.cpp) fires when a transaction is submitted locally or received from a peer and enters processTransaction(). tx.receive (PeerImp.cpp) fires when a raw transaction message arrives from a peer before deduplication.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 0
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=\"tx.process\", tx_type=~\"$tx_type\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "tx.process / Sec [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=\"tx.receive\", tx_type=~\"$tx_type\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "tx.receive / Sec [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ops",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Transactions / Sec",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Transaction Processing Latency by Type",
+      "description": "Per-transaction-type processing latency (p95 and p50). Filter with $tx_type variable above.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 0
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        },
+        "legend": {
+          "displayMode": "table",
+          "placement": "right",
+          "calcs": ["mean", "max", "lastNotNull"]
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.95, sum by (le, tx_type, exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_duration_milliseconds_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=\"tx.process\", tx_type=~\"$tx_type\"}[5m])))",
+          "legendFormat": "P95 {{tx_type}} [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.50, sum by (le, tx_type, exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_duration_milliseconds_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=\"tx.process\", tx_type=~\"$tx_type\"}[5m])))",
+          "legendFormat": "P50 {{tx_type}} [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ms",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Latency (ms)",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Transaction Path Distribution",
+      "description": "Breakdown of transactions by origin path. The local attribute indicates whether the transaction was submitted locally (true) or received from a peer (false). Helps understand the ratio of locally-originated vs relayed transactions.",
+      "type": "piechart",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 8
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (local, exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", local=~\"$tx_origin\", span_name=\"tx.process\", tx_type=~\"$tx_type\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "Local = {{local}} [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Transaction Receive vs Suppressed",
+      "description": "Total rate of raw transaction messages received from peers (tx.receive span from PeerImp.cpp). This fires before deduplication via the HashRouter, so the difference between tx.receive and tx.process reflects suppressed duplicate transactions.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 8
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (suppressed, exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{span_name=\"tx.receive\", tx_type=~\"$tx_type\", exported_instance=~\"$node\"}[$__rate_interval]))",
+          "legendFormat": "Suppressed={{suppressed}} [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ops",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Transactions / Sec",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Transaction Processing Duration Heatmap",
+      "description": "Heatmap showing the distribution of tx.process span durations across histogram buckets over time. Each cell represents the count of transactions that completed within that latency bucket in a 5m window. Reveals whether processing times are consistent or exhibit multi-modal patterns.",
+      "type": "heatmap",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 16
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        },
+        "yAxis": {
+          "axisLabel": "Duration (ms)",
+          "unit": "ms"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum(increase(traces_span_metrics_duration_milliseconds_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=\"tx.process\", tx_type=~\"$tx_type\"}[5m])) by (le)",
+          "legendFormat": "{{le}}",
+          "format": "heatmap"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ms"
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Transaction Apply Duration per Ledger",
+      "description": "p95 and p50 latency of applying the consensus transaction set to a new ledger. The tx.apply span (BuildLedger.cpp) wraps the applyTransactions() function that iterates through the CanonicalTXSet and applies each transaction to the OpenView. Long durations indicate heavy transaction sets or expensive transaction processing.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 16
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.95, sum by (le, exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_duration_milliseconds_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=\"tx.apply\"}[5m])))",
+          "legendFormat": "P95 tx.apply [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.50, sum by (le, exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_duration_milliseconds_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=\"tx.apply\"}[5m])))",
+          "legendFormat": "P50 tx.apply [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ms",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Latency (ms)",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Peer Transaction Receive Rate",
+      "description": "Rate of transaction messages received from network peers. Sourced from the tx.receive span (PeerImp.cpp) which fires in the onMessage(TMTransaction) handler. High rates may indicate network-wide transaction volume spikes or peer flooding.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 24
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=\"tx.receive\", tx_type=~\"$tx_type\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "tx.receive / Sec [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ops",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Transactions / Sec",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Transaction Apply Failed Rate",
+      "description": "Rate of tx.apply spans completing with error status, indicating transaction application failures during ledger building. The span records tx_failed as an attribute. Thresholds: green < 0.1/sec, yellow 0.1-1/sec, red > 1/sec. Some failures are normal (e.g. conflicting offers) but sustained high rates may indicate issues.",
+      "type": "stat",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 24
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=\"tx.apply\", status_code=\"STATUS_CODE_ERROR\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "Failed / Sec [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ops",
+          "thresholds": {
+            "steps": [
+              {
+                "color": "green",
+                "value": null
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "yellow",
+                "value": 0.1
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "red",
+                "value": 1
+              }
+            ]
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Transaction Rate by Type",
+      "description": "Transaction processing rate broken down by tx_type (Payment, OfferCreate, AMMDeposit, etc.). Requires tx_type dimension in spanmetrics.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 32
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        },
+        "legend": {
+          "displayMode": "table",
+          "placement": "right",
+          "calcs": ["mean", "lastNotNull"]
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (tx_type) (rate(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=\"tx.process\", tx_type=~\"$tx_type\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "{{tx_type}}"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ops",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "TX / Sec",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Transaction Results by Type",
+      "description": "Transaction result codes (ter_result) broken down by tx_type. Shows which transaction types fail most often.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 32
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        },
+        "legend": {
+          "displayMode": "table",
+          "placement": "right",
+          "calcs": ["mean", "lastNotNull"]
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (tx_type, ter_result) (rate(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=\"tx.process\", tx_type=~\"$tx_type\", ter_result=~\"$ter_result\", ter_result!=\"tesSUCCESS\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "{{tx_type}}: {{ter_result}}"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ops",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Failed TX / Sec",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "TxQ Accept Status",
+      "description": "TxQ accept outcomes: applied (included in ledger), failed (removed), retried (kept for next round).",
+      "type": "piechart",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 8,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 40
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "legend": {
+          "displayMode": "table",
+          "placement": "right",
+          "values": ["value", "percent"]
+        },
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (txq_status) (increase(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=\"txq.accept_tx\", txq_status=~\"$txq_status\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "{{txq_status}}"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "short"
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Transactor Duration by Type (p95)",
+      "description": "Per-transactor execution time (tx.transactor span). Shows which transaction types are most expensive to execute.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 16,
+        "x": 8,
+        "y": 40
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        },
+        "legend": {
+          "displayMode": "table",
+          "placement": "right",
+          "calcs": ["mean", "max"]
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.95, sum by (le, tx_type, exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_duration_milliseconds_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=\"tx.transactor\", tx_type=~\"$tx_type\"}[5m])))",
+          "legendFormat": "P95 {{tx_type}} [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ms",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Duration (ms)",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "TxQ Enqueue Rate by Transaction Type",
+      "description": "Rate of txq.enqueue spans broken down by transaction type (tx_type). Shows what share of inbound demand is Payment vs OfferCreate vs other transactors, and how the mix shifts as the queue fills. A spam burst of one type is a leading indicator of fee escalation.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 48
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (tx_type, exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=\"txq.enqueue\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "{{tx_type}} [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ops",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Enqueues / Sec",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Queue Bypass Ratio (Direct Apply vs Enqueue)",
+      "description": "Ratio of transactions that applied directly to the open ledger (txq.apply_direct) versus those that had to be queued (txq.enqueue). A falling bypass ratio is the cleanest single signal the network has entered sustained fee escalation.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 48
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=\"txq.apply_direct\"}[5m])) / clamp_min(sum by (exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=\"txq.apply_direct\"}[5m])) + sum by (exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=\"txq.enqueue\"}[5m])), 1)",
+          "legendFormat": "Direct-Apply Fraction [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "percentunit",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Bypass Fraction",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Queue Accept (Drain) Duration per Ledger",
+      "description": "p95/p50 duration of the txq.accept span, which drains queued transactions into a newly closed ledger. Rising drain time signals queue pressure at ledger close.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 56
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.95, sum by (le, exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_duration_milliseconds_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=\"txq.accept\"}[5m])))",
+          "legendFormat": "P95 Drain [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.50, sum by (le, exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_duration_milliseconds_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=\"txq.accept\"}[5m])))",
+          "legendFormat": "P50 Drain [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ms",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Duration (ms)",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Queue Cleanup Rate (Expired Entries)",
+      "description": "Rate of txq.cleanup spans, which remove expired transactions from the queue each ledger. A rising rate means submitters under-bid the escalating fee and abandoned their transactions \u2014 a demand-frustration signal distinct from acceptance throughput.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 56
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (exported_instance) (rate(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", span_name=\"txq.cleanup\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "Cleanups / Sec [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ops",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Cleanups / Sec",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    }
+  ],
+  "schemaVersion": 39,
+  "tags": ["xrpld", "transactions"],
+  "templating": {
+    "list": [
+      {
+        "name": "node",
+        "label": "Node",
+        "description": "Filter by rippled node (service.instance.id \u2014 e.g. Node-1)",
+        "type": "query",
+        "query": "label_values(traces_span_metrics_calls_total, exported_instance)",
+        "datasource": {
+          "type": "prometheus",
+          "uid": "prometheus"
+        },
+        "includeAll": true,
+        "allValue": ".*",
+        "current": {
+          "text": "All",
+          "value": "$__all"
+        },
+        "multi": true,
+        "refresh": 2,
+        "sort": 1
+      },
+      {
+        "name": "tx_origin",
+        "label": "TX Origin",
+        "description": "Filter by transaction origin (true = local submit, false = peer relay)",
+        "type": "query",
+        "query": "label_values(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{span_name=\"tx.process\"}, local)",
+        "datasource": {
+          "type": "prometheus",
+          "uid": "prometheus"
+        },
+        "includeAll": true,
+        "allValue": ".*",
+        "current": {
+          "text": "All",
+          "value": "$__all"
+        },
+        "multi": true,
+        "refresh": 2,
+        "sort": 1
+      },
+      {
+        "name": "tx_type",
+        "type": "query",
+        "datasource": {
+          "type": "prometheus"
+        },
+        "query": "label_values(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{span_name=\"tx.process\", tx_type!=\"\"}, tx_type)",
+        "refresh": 2,
+        "includeAll": true,
+        "multi": true,
+        "allValue": ".*",
+        "current": {
+          "text": "All",
+          "value": "$__all"
+        },
+        "sort": 1,
+        "label": "TX Type"
+      },
+      {
+        "name": "ter_result",
+        "type": "query",
+        "datasource": {
+          "type": "prometheus"
+        },
+        "query": "label_values(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{span_name=\"tx.process\", ter_result!=\"\"}, ter_result)",
+        "refresh": 2,
+        "includeAll": true,
+        "multi": true,
+        "allValue": ".*",
+        "current": {
+          "text": "All",
+          "value": "$__all"
+        },
+        "sort": 1,
+        "label": "Result Code"
+      },
+      {
+        "name": "txq_status",
+        "type": "query",
+        "datasource": {
+          "type": "prometheus"
+        },
+        "query": "label_values(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{span_name=\"txq.accept_tx\", txq_status!=\"\"}, txq_status)",
+        "refresh": 2,
+        "includeAll": true,
+        "multi": true,
+        "allValue": ".*",
+        "current": {
+          "text": "All",
+          "value": "$__all"
+        },
+        "sort": 1,
+        "label": "Queue Status"
+      }
+    ]
+  },
+  "time": {
+    "from": "now-1h",
+    "to": "now"
+  },
+  "title": "Transaction Overview",
+  "uid": "xrpld-transactions",
+  "refresh": "5s"
+}

docker/telemetry/grafana/dashboards/xrpld-fee-market.json

@@ -0,0 +1,494 @@
+{
+  "annotations": {
+    "list": []
+  },
+  "description": "Fee market dynamics: TxQ depth/capacity, fee escalation levels, and load factor breakdown. Sourced from OTel MetricsRegistry observable gauges (Phase 9).",
+  "editable": true,
+  "fiscalYearStartMonth": 0,
+  "graphTooltip": 1,
+  "id": null,
+  "links": [],
+  "panels": [
+    {
+      "title": "Transaction Queue Depth",
+      "description": "Current number of transactions waiting in the queue vs. maximum capacity. Sourced from MetricsRegistry txq_metrics observable gauge with metric=txq_count and metric=txq_max_size.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 0
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_txq_metrics{exported_instance=~\"$node\", metric=\"txq_count\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Queue Depth [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_txq_metrics{exported_instance=~\"$node\", metric=\"txq_max_size\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Max Capacity [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "none",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Transactions",
+            "drawStyle": "line",
+            "lineWidth": 2,
+            "fillOpacity": 10
+          },
+          "color": {
+            "mode": "palette-classic"
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Transactions Per Ledger",
+      "description": "Transactions in the current open ledger vs. expected per-ledger count. Sourced from txq_metrics with metric=txq_in_ledger and metric=txq_per_ledger.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 0
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_txq_metrics{exported_instance=~\"$node\", metric=\"txq_in_ledger\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "In Ledger [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_txq_metrics{exported_instance=~\"$node\", metric=\"txq_per_ledger\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Expected Per Ledger [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "none",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Transactions",
+            "drawStyle": "line",
+            "lineWidth": 2,
+            "fillOpacity": 10
+          },
+          "color": {
+            "mode": "palette-classic"
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Fee Escalation Levels",
+      "description": "Fee levels that control transaction queue admission. Reference fee level is the baseline; open ledger fee level triggers escalation. Sourced from txq_metrics observable gauge.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 24,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 8
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_txq_metrics{exported_instance=~\"$node\", metric=\"txq_reference_fee_level\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Reference Fee Level [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_txq_metrics{exported_instance=~\"$node\", metric=\"txq_min_processing_fee_level\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Min Processing Fee Level [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_txq_metrics{exported_instance=~\"$node\", metric=\"txq_med_fee_level\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Median Fee Level [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_txq_metrics{exported_instance=~\"$node\", metric=\"txq_open_ledger_fee_level\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Open Ledger Fee Level [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "none",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Fee Level",
+            "drawStyle": "line",
+            "lineWidth": 2,
+            "fillOpacity": 5,
+            "scaleDistribution": {
+              "type": "log",
+              "log": 2
+            }
+          },
+          "color": {
+            "mode": "palette-classic"
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Load Factor Breakdown",
+      "description": "Decomposed load factor components: server (max of local, net, cluster), fee escalation, fee queue, and combined. Values are unitless multipliers where 1.0 = no load. Sourced from load_factor_metrics observable gauge.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 16
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_load_factor_metrics{exported_instance=~\"$node\", metric=\"load_factor\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Combined Load Factor [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_load_factor_metrics{exported_instance=~\"$node\", metric=\"load_factor_server\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Server [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_load_factor_metrics{exported_instance=~\"$node\", metric=\"load_factor_fee_escalation\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Fee Escalation [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_load_factor_metrics{exported_instance=~\"$node\", metric=\"load_factor_fee_queue\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Fee Queue [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "none",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Multiplier",
+            "drawStyle": "line",
+            "lineWidth": 2,
+            "fillOpacity": 5
+          },
+          "color": {
+            "mode": "palette-classic"
+          },
+          "thresholds": {
+            "steps": [
+              {
+                "color": "green",
+                "value": null
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "yellow",
+                "value": 2
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "red",
+                "value": 10
+              }
+            ]
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Load Factor Components",
+      "description": "Individual load factor contributors: local server load, network load, and cluster load. Only differ from 1.0 under load conditions. Sourced from load_factor_metrics observable gauge.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 16
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_load_factor_metrics{exported_instance=~\"$node\", metric=\"load_factor_local\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Local [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_load_factor_metrics{exported_instance=~\"$node\", metric=\"load_factor_net\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Network [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_load_factor_metrics{exported_instance=~\"$node\", metric=\"load_factor_cluster\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Cluster [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "none",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Multiplier",
+            "drawStyle": "line",
+            "lineWidth": 2,
+            "fillOpacity": 5
+          },
+          "color": {
+            "mode": "palette-classic"
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Load Factor Attribution (Stacked Components)",
+      "description": "Stacked contribution of each load-factor component (fee escalation, queue, local, net, cluster) to the effective transaction cost. Shows WHICH component is driving the fee at any moment, which the aggregate load_factor hides.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 24,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 24
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_load_factor_metrics{metric=\"load_factor_fee_escalation\",exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Fee Escalation [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_load_factor_metrics{metric=\"load_factor_fee_queue\",exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Fee Queue [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_load_factor_metrics{metric=\"load_factor_local\",exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Local [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_load_factor_metrics{metric=\"load_factor_net\",exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Net [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_load_factor_metrics{metric=\"load_factor_cluster\",exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Cluster [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "none",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Load Factor Multiplier",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3,
+            "stacking": {
+              "mode": "normal",
+              "group": "A"
+            },
+            "fillOpacity": 30
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Queue Abandonment Rate (Expired)",
+      "description": "Rate of transactions expired out of the queue (LastLedgerSequence passed). Rising expiry means submitters under-bid the escalating fee and gave up \u2014 a demand-frustration signal.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 32
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (exported_instance) (rate(xrpld_txq_expired_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "Expired / Sec [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ops",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Expired / Sec",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Queue Admission Rejections (Dropped)",
+      "description": "Rate of transactions refused admission to the queue, by reason. queue_full means the queue is at capacity \u2014 admission-control backpressure distinct from expiry and from job-queue overflow.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 32
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (reason, exported_instance) (rate(xrpld_txq_dropped_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "{{reason}} [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ops",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Dropped / Sec",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    }
+  ],
+  "schemaVersion": 39,
+  "tags": ["xrpld", "fee-market"],
+  "templating": {
+    "list": [
+      {
+        "name": "node",
+        "label": "Node",
+        "description": "Filter by rippled node (service.instance.id)",
+        "type": "query",
+        "query": "label_values(exported_instance)",
+        "datasource": {
+          "type": "prometheus",
+          "uid": "prometheus"
+        },
+        "includeAll": true,
+        "allValue": ".*",
+        "current": {
+          "text": "All",
+          "value": "$__all"
+        },
+        "multi": true,
+        "refresh": 2,
+        "sort": 1
+      }
+    ]
+  },
+  "time": {
+    "from": "now-1h",
+    "to": "now"
+  },
+  "timepicker": {},
+  "timezone": "browser",
+  "title": "Fee Market & TxQ",
+  "uid": "xrpld-fee-market",
+  "version": 1,
+  "refresh": "5s"
+}

docker/telemetry/grafana/dashboards/xrpld-job-queue.json

@@ -0,0 +1,504 @@
+{
+  "annotations": {
+    "list": []
+  },
+  "description": "Job queue analysis: per-job-type throughput rates, queue wait times, and execution times. Sourced from OTel MetricsRegistry synchronous counters and histograms (Phase 9).",
+  "editable": true,
+  "fiscalYearStartMonth": 0,
+  "graphTooltip": 1,
+  "id": null,
+  "links": [],
+  "panels": [
+    {
+      "title": "Job Throughput Rate (Per Second)",
+      "description": "Rate of jobs queued, started, and finished across all job types. Computed as rate() over the OTel counter values. High queue rates with low finish rates indicate backlog.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 24,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 0
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (exported_instance) (rate(xrpld_job_queued_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", job_type=~\"$job_type\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "Queued/s [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (exported_instance) (rate(xrpld_job_started_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", job_type=~\"$job_type\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "Started/s [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (exported_instance) (rate(xrpld_job_finished_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", job_type=~\"$job_type\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "Finished/s [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ops",
+          "custom": {
+            "drawStyle": "line",
+            "lineWidth": 2,
+            "fillOpacity": 10,
+            "axisLabel": "Operations / Sec",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          },
+          "color": {
+            "mode": "palette-classic"
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Per-Job-Type Queued Rate",
+      "description": "Rate of jobs queued broken down by job_type label. Identifies which job types contribute most to queue activity.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 8
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        },
+        "legend": {
+          "displayMode": "table",
+          "placement": "right",
+          "calcs": ["mean", "max"]
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "topk(10, rate(xrpld_job_queued_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", job_type=~\"$job_type\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "{{job_type}} [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ops",
+          "custom": {
+            "drawStyle": "line",
+            "lineWidth": 1,
+            "fillOpacity": 5,
+            "axisLabel": "Operations / Sec",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          },
+          "color": {
+            "mode": "palette-classic"
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Per-Job-Type Finish Rate",
+      "description": "Rate of jobs completing broken down by job_type. Compare with queued rate to identify backlog per type.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 8
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        },
+        "legend": {
+          "displayMode": "table",
+          "placement": "right",
+          "calcs": ["mean", "max"]
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "topk(10, rate(xrpld_job_finished_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", job_type=~\"$job_type\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "{{job_type}} [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ops",
+          "custom": {
+            "drawStyle": "line",
+            "lineWidth": 1,
+            "fillOpacity": 5,
+            "axisLabel": "Operations / Sec",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          },
+          "color": {
+            "mode": "palette-classic"
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Job Queue Wait Time",
+      "description": "Job queue wait time distribution (p75 typical, p99 tail). How long jobs sit in the queue before a worker picks them up.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 16
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.75, sum by (le, exported_instance) (rate(xrpld_job_queued_duration_us_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\", job_type=~\"$job_type\"}[5m])))",
+          "legendFormat": "p75 Wait [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.99, sum by (le, exported_instance) (rate(xrpld_job_queued_duration_us_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\", job_type=~\"$job_type\"}[5m])))",
+          "legendFormat": "p99 Wait [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "\u00b5s",
+          "custom": {
+            "drawStyle": "line",
+            "lineWidth": 2,
+            "fillOpacity": 5,
+            "axisLabel": "Duration (\u03bcs)",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          },
+          "color": {
+            "mode": "palette-classic"
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Job Execution Time",
+      "description": "Job execution time distribution (p75 typical, p99 tail). How long jobs run once started.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 16
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.75, sum by (le, exported_instance) (rate(xrpld_job_running_duration_us_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\", job_type=~\"$job_type\"}[5m])))",
+          "legendFormat": "p75 Exec [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.99, sum by (le, exported_instance) (rate(xrpld_job_running_duration_us_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\", job_type=~\"$job_type\"}[5m])))",
+          "legendFormat": "p99 Exec [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "\u00b5s",
+          "custom": {
+            "drawStyle": "line",
+            "lineWidth": 2,
+            "fillOpacity": 5,
+            "axisLabel": "Duration (\u03bcs)",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          },
+          "color": {
+            "mode": "palette-classic"
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Per-Job-Type Execution Time (p99)",
+      "description": "Top 10 slowest job types by p99 execution time.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 24,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 24
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        },
+        "legend": {
+          "displayMode": "table",
+          "placement": "right",
+          "calcs": ["mean", "max"]
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "topk(10, histogram_quantile(0.99, sum by (le, job_type, exported_instance) (rate(xrpld_job_running_duration_us_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\", job_type=~\"$job_type\"}[5m]))))",
+          "legendFormat": "{{job_type}} [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "\u00b5s",
+          "custom": {
+            "drawStyle": "line",
+            "lineWidth": 1,
+            "fillOpacity": 5,
+            "axisLabel": "Duration (\u03bcs)",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          },
+          "color": {
+            "mode": "palette-classic"
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Transaction Overflow Rate",
+      "description": "Rate of job queue transaction overflows per minute. Overflows occur when the job queue's transaction limit is exceeded, causing transactions to be dropped. Non-zero values indicate the node is under heavy transaction load.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 24,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 32
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "rate(xrpld_jq_trans_overflow_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}[5m]) * 60",
+          "legendFormat": "Overflows/min [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "none",
+          "thresholds": {
+            "steps": [
+              {
+                "color": "green",
+                "value": null
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "yellow",
+                "value": 1
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "red",
+                "value": 10
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Overflows / Min",
+            "drawStyle": "line",
+            "lineWidth": 2,
+            "fillOpacity": 10,
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          },
+          "color": {
+            "mode": "palette-classic"
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Current Job Latency (p99 Gauge)",
+      "description": "At-a-glance p99 job queue wait and execution time over the last 5 minutes. Green < 100ms, yellow 100ms-1s, red > 1s.",
+      "type": "gauge",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 40
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "reduceOptions": {
+          "calcs": ["lastNotNull"],
+          "fields": "",
+          "values": false
+        },
+        "orientation": "auto",
+        "showThresholdLabels": false,
+        "showThresholdMarkers": true
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.99, sum by (le) (rate(xrpld_job_queued_duration_us_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\", job_type=~\"$job_type\"}[5m])))",
+          "legendFormat": "p99 Wait"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.99, sum by (le) (rate(xrpld_job_running_duration_us_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\", job_type=~\"$job_type\"}[5m])))",
+          "legendFormat": "p99 Exec"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "\u00b5s",
+          "min": 0,
+          "thresholds": {
+            "mode": "absolute",
+            "steps": [
+              {
+                "color": "green",
+                "value": null
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "yellow",
+                "value": 100000
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "red",
+                "value": 1000000
+              }
+            ]
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    }
+  ],
+  "schemaVersion": 39,
+  "tags": ["xrpld", "job-queue"],
+  "templating": {
+    "list": [
+      {
+        "name": "node",
+        "label": "Node",
+        "description": "Filter by rippled node (service.instance.id)",
+        "type": "query",
+        "query": "label_values(exported_instance)",
+        "datasource": {
+          "type": "prometheus",
+          "uid": "prometheus"
+        },
+        "includeAll": true,
+        "allValue": ".*",
+        "current": {
+          "text": "All",
+          "value": "$__all"
+        },
+        "multi": true,
+        "refresh": 2,
+        "sort": 1
+      },
+      {
+        "name": "job_type",
+        "label": "Job Type",
+        "description": "Filter by job type",
+        "type": "query",
+        "query": "label_values(xrpld_job_queued_total, job_type)",
+        "datasource": {
+          "type": "prometheus",
+          "uid": "prometheus"
+        },
+        "includeAll": true,
+        "allValue": ".*",
+        "current": {
+          "text": "All",
+          "value": "$__all"
+        },
+        "multi": true,
+        "refresh": 2,
+        "sort": 1
+      }
+    ]
+  },
+  "time": {
+    "from": "now-1h",
+    "to": "now"
+  },
+  "timepicker": {},
+  "timezone": "browser",
+  "title": "Job Queue Analysis",
+  "uid": "xrpld-job-queue",
+  "version": 1,
+  "refresh": "5s"
+}

docker/telemetry/grafana/dashboards/xrpld-peer-quality.json

@@ -0,0 +1,398 @@
+{
+  "annotations": {
+    "list": []
+  },
+  "description": "Peer network quality metrics: latency, divergence, version distribution, upgrade recommendations, disconnects, and connection direction balance. Requires push_metrics.py or equivalent OTel metric source.",
+  "editable": true,
+  "fiscalYearStartMonth": 0,
+  "graphTooltip": 1,
+  "id": null,
+  "links": [],
+  "panels": [
+    {
+      "title": "P90 Peer Latency",
+      "description": "90th percentile peer-to-peer latency in milliseconds over time. High latency indicates network congestion or geographically distant peers.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 0
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_peer_quality{metric=\"peer_latency_p90_ms\",exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "P90 Latency [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ms",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Latency (ms)",
+            "drawStyle": "line",
+            "lineWidth": 2,
+            "fillOpacity": 10,
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          },
+          "color": {
+            "mode": "palette-classic"
+          },
+          "thresholds": {
+            "steps": [
+              {
+                "color": "green",
+                "value": null
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "yellow",
+                "value": 200
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "red",
+                "value": 500
+              }
+            ]
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Insane/Diverged Peers",
+      "description": "Count of peers whose ledger state is considered insane or diverged from the network. Non-zero values suggest those peers are misbehaving or on a fork.",
+      "type": "stat",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 6,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 0
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_peer_quality{metric=\"peers_insane_count\",exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Insane Peers [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "none",
+          "thresholds": {
+            "steps": [
+              {
+                "color": "green",
+                "value": null
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "yellow",
+                "value": 1
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "red",
+                "value": 3
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          "custom": {}
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Higher Version Peers %",
+      "description": "Percentage of connected peers running a higher rippled version. A high percentage suggests this node should be upgraded.",
+      "type": "stat",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 6,
+        "x": 18,
+        "y": 0
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_peer_quality{metric=\"peers_higher_version_pct\",exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Higher Version % [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "percent",
+          "min": 0,
+          "max": 100,
+          "thresholds": {
+            "steps": [
+              {
+                "color": "green",
+                "value": null
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "yellow",
+                "value": 30
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "red",
+                "value": 60
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          "custom": {}
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Upgrade Recommended",
+      "description": "Whether an upgrade is recommended based on peer version analysis (1=recommended, 0=not needed). Triggered when a majority of peers run a newer version.",
+      "type": "stat",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 6,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 8
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_peer_quality{metric=\"upgrade_recommended\",exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Upgrade [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "none",
+          "mappings": [
+            {
+              "type": "value",
+              "options": {
+                "0": {
+                  "text": "No",
+                  "color": "green"
+                }
+              }
+            },
+            {
+              "type": "value",
+              "options": {
+                "1": {
+                  "text": "Yes",
+                  "color": "red"
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          ],
+          "thresholds": {
+            "steps": [
+              {
+                "color": "green",
+                "value": null
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "red",
+                "value": 1
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          "custom": {}
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Resource Disconnects",
+      "description": "Cumulative peer disconnections due to resource limit violations over time. Rising values indicate aggressive or misbehaving peers being dropped.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 10,
+        "x": 6,
+        "y": 8
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_server_info{metric=\"peer_disconnects_resources\",exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Disconnects [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "none",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Disconnects",
+            "drawStyle": "line",
+            "lineWidth": 2,
+            "fillOpacity": 10,
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          },
+          "color": {
+            "mode": "palette-classic"
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Inbound vs Outbound Peers",
+      "description": "Comparison of active inbound and outbound peer connections. A healthy node should have a balanced mix. All-inbound may indicate NAT/firewall issues preventing outbound connections.",
+      "type": "bargauge",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 8,
+        "x": 16,
+        "y": 8
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "orientation": "horizontal",
+        "displayMode": "gradient",
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "rippled_Peer_Finder_Active_Inbound_Peers{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Inbound [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "rippled_Peer_Finder_Active_Outbound_Peers{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Outbound [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "none",
+          "thresholds": {
+            "steps": [
+              {
+                "color": "green",
+                "value": null
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          "custom": {}
+        },
+        "overrides": [
+          {
+            "matcher": {
+              "id": "byRegexp",
+              "options": "Inbound.*"
+            },
+            "properties": [
+              {
+                "id": "color",
+                "value": {
+                  "mode": "fixed",
+                  "fixedColor": "blue"
+                }
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          {
+            "matcher": {
+              "id": "byRegexp",
+              "options": "Outbound.*"
+            },
+            "properties": [
+              {
+                "id": "color",
+                "value": {
+                  "mode": "fixed",
+                  "fixedColor": "orange"
+                }
+              }
+            ]
+          }
+        ]
+      }
+    }
+  ],
+  "schemaVersion": 39,
+  "tags": ["xrpld", "peer", "network"],
+  "templating": {
+    "list": [
+      {
+        "name": "node",
+        "label": "Node",
+        "description": "Filter by rippled node (service.instance.id)",
+        "type": "query",
+        "query": "label_values(xrpld_peer_quality, exported_instance)",
+        "datasource": {
+          "type": "prometheus",
+          "uid": "prometheus"
+        },
+        "includeAll": true,
+        "allValue": ".*",
+        "current": {
+          "text": "All",
+          "value": "$__all"
+        },
+        "multi": true,
+        "refresh": 2,
+        "sort": 1
+      }
+    ]
+  },
+  "time": {
+    "from": "now-1h",
+    "to": "now"
+  },
+  "title": "Peer Quality",
+  "uid": "xrpld-peer-quality",
+  "refresh": "5s"
+}

docker/telemetry/grafana/dashboards/xrpld-rpc-perf-otel.json

@@ -0,0 +1,452 @@
+{
+  "annotations": {
+    "list": []
+  },
+  "description": "Per-RPC-method performance: call rates, error rates, and latency distributions. Sourced from OTel MetricsRegistry synchronous counters and histograms (Phase 9).",
+  "editable": true,
+  "fiscalYearStartMonth": 0,
+  "graphTooltip": 1,
+  "id": null,
+  "links": [],
+  "panels": [
+    {
+      "title": "RPC Call Rate (All Methods)",
+      "description": "Aggregate rate of RPC calls started, finished, and errored across all methods. Computed as rate() over OTel counters.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 24,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 0
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (exported_instance) (rate(xrpld_rpc_method_started_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", method=~\"$method\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "Started/s [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (exported_instance) (rate(xrpld_rpc_method_finished_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", method=~\"$method\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "Finished/s [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "sum by (exported_instance) (rate(xrpld_rpc_method_errored_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", method=~\"$method\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "Errored/s [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ops",
+          "custom": {
+            "drawStyle": "line",
+            "lineWidth": 2,
+            "fillOpacity": 10,
+            "axisLabel": "Operations / Sec",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          },
+          "color": {
+            "mode": "palette-classic"
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Per-Method Call Rate (Top 10)",
+      "description": "Per-method RPC call rate, showing the 10 most active methods. Useful for identifying hot paths.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 8
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        },
+        "legend": {
+          "displayMode": "table",
+          "placement": "right",
+          "calcs": ["mean", "max"]
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "topk(10, rate(xrpld_rpc_method_started_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", method=~\"$method\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "{{method}} [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ops",
+          "custom": {
+            "drawStyle": "line",
+            "lineWidth": 1,
+            "fillOpacity": 5,
+            "axisLabel": "Operations / Sec",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          },
+          "color": {
+            "mode": "palette-classic"
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Per-Method Error Rate (Top 10)",
+      "description": "Per-method RPC error rate. Non-zero values warrant investigation. Common culprits: invalid parameters, resource exhaustion.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 8
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        },
+        "legend": {
+          "displayMode": "table",
+          "placement": "right",
+          "calcs": ["mean", "max"]
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "topk(10, rate(xrpld_rpc_method_errored_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", method=~\"$method\"}[5m]))",
+          "legendFormat": "{{method}} [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ops",
+          "custom": {
+            "drawStyle": "line",
+            "lineWidth": 1,
+            "fillOpacity": 5,
+            "axisLabel": "Operations / Sec",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          },
+          "color": {
+            "mode": "palette-classic"
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "RPC Latency - All Methods",
+      "description": "RPC method latency distribution (p75 typical, p99 tail) across all methods.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 16
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.75, sum by (le, exported_instance) (rate(xrpld_rpc_method_duration_us_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\", method=~\"$method\"}[5m])))",
+          "legendFormat": "p75 [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.99, sum by (le, exported_instance) (rate(xrpld_rpc_method_duration_us_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\", method=~\"$method\"}[5m])))",
+          "legendFormat": "p99 [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "\u00b5s",
+          "custom": {
+            "drawStyle": "line",
+            "lineWidth": 2,
+            "fillOpacity": 5,
+            "axisLabel": "Duration (\u03bcs)",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          },
+          "color": {
+            "mode": "palette-classic"
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Per-Method Latency (p99, Top 10 Slowest)",
+      "description": "Top 10 slowest RPC methods by p99 latency.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 16
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        },
+        "legend": {
+          "displayMode": "table",
+          "placement": "right",
+          "calcs": ["mean", "max"]
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "topk(10, histogram_quantile(0.99, sum by (le, method, exported_instance) (rate(xrpld_rpc_method_duration_us_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\", method=~\"$method\"}[5m]))))",
+          "legendFormat": "{{method}} [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "\u00b5s",
+          "custom": {
+            "drawStyle": "line",
+            "lineWidth": 1,
+            "fillOpacity": 5,
+            "axisLabel": "Duration (\u03bcs)",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          },
+          "color": {
+            "mode": "palette-classic"
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "RPC Error Ratio by Method",
+      "description": "Error ratio (errors / total started) per method. Values above 0.05 (5%) warrant investigation.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 24,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 24
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        },
+        "legend": {
+          "displayMode": "table",
+          "placement": "right",
+          "calcs": ["mean", "max"]
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "topk(10, rate(xrpld_rpc_method_errored_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", method=~\"$method\"}[5m]) / (rate(xrpld_rpc_method_started_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\", method=~\"$method\"}[5m]) > 0))",
+          "legendFormat": "{{method}} [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "percentunit",
+          "min": 0,
+          "max": 1,
+          "custom": {
+            "drawStyle": "line",
+            "lineWidth": 1,
+            "fillOpacity": 5,
+            "axisLabel": "Error Ratio",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          },
+          "color": {
+            "mode": "palette-classic"
+          },
+          "thresholds": {
+            "steps": [
+              {
+                "color": "green",
+                "value": null
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "yellow",
+                "value": 0.05
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "red",
+                "value": 0.25
+              }
+            ]
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Current RPC Latency (p99 Gauge)",
+      "description": "At-a-glance p99 RPC method latency over the last 5 minutes. Green < 100ms, yellow 100ms-1s, red > 1s.",
+      "type": "gauge",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 32
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "reduceOptions": {
+          "calcs": ["lastNotNull"],
+          "fields": "",
+          "values": false
+        },
+        "orientation": "auto",
+        "showThresholdLabels": false,
+        "showThresholdMarkers": true
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.99, sum by (le) (rate(xrpld_rpc_method_duration_us_bucket{exported_instance=~\"$node\", method=~\"$method\"}[5m])))",
+          "legendFormat": "p99 Latency"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "\u00b5s",
+          "min": 0,
+          "thresholds": {
+            "mode": "absolute",
+            "steps": [
+              {
+                "color": "green",
+                "value": null
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "yellow",
+                "value": 100000
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "red",
+                "value": 1000000
+              }
+            ]
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    }
+  ],
+  "schemaVersion": 39,
+  "tags": ["xrpld", "rpc"],
+  "templating": {
+    "list": [
+      {
+        "name": "node",
+        "label": "Node",
+        "description": "Filter by rippled node (service.instance.id)",
+        "type": "query",
+        "query": "label_values(exported_instance)",
+        "datasource": {
+          "type": "prometheus",
+          "uid": "prometheus"
+        },
+        "includeAll": true,
+        "allValue": ".*",
+        "current": {
+          "text": "All",
+          "value": "$__all"
+        },
+        "multi": true,
+        "refresh": 2,
+        "sort": 1
+      },
+      {
+        "name": "method",
+        "label": "RPC Method",
+        "description": "Filter by RPC method",
+        "type": "query",
+        "query": "label_values(xrpld_rpc_method_started_total, method)",
+        "datasource": {
+          "type": "prometheus",
+          "uid": "prometheus"
+        },
+        "includeAll": true,
+        "allValue": ".*",
+        "current": {
+          "text": "All",
+          "value": "$__all"
+        },
+        "multi": true,
+        "refresh": 2,
+        "sort": 1
+      }
+    ]
+  },
+  "time": {
+    "from": "now-1h",
+    "to": "now"
+  },
+  "timepicker": {},
+  "timezone": "browser",
+  "title": "RPC Performance (OTel)",
+  "uid": "xrpld-rpc-perf-otel",
+  "version": 1,
+  "refresh": "5s"
+}

docker/telemetry/grafana/dashboards/xrpld-validator-health.json

@@ -0,0 +1,951 @@
+{
+  "annotations": {
+    "list": []
+  },
+  "description": "Validator health metrics: agreement rates, validation counts, amendment status, UNL expiry, server state tracking, and ledger close rates. Requires push_metrics.py or equivalent OTel metric source.",
+  "editable": true,
+  "fiscalYearStartMonth": 0,
+  "graphTooltip": 1,
+  "id": null,
+  "links": [],
+  "panels": [
+    {
+      "title": "Validation Agreement",
+      "type": "row",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 1,
+        "w": 24,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 0
+      },
+      "collapsed": false,
+      "panels": []
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Agreement % (1h)",
+      "description": "Validation agreement percentage over the last 1 hour. Values below 80% indicate the validator is frequently disagreeing with the network consensus.",
+      "type": "stat",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 6,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 1
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_validation_agreement{metric=\"agreement_pct_1h\",exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Agreement 1h [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "percent",
+          "min": 0,
+          "max": 100,
+          "thresholds": {
+            "steps": [
+              {
+                "color": "red",
+                "value": null
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "yellow",
+                "value": 80
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "green",
+                "value": 95
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          "custom": {}
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Agreement % (24h)",
+      "description": "Validation agreement percentage over the last 24 hours. A sustained value below 90% may indicate configuration drift or network partition.",
+      "type": "stat",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 6,
+        "x": 6,
+        "y": 1
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_validation_agreement{metric=\"agreement_pct_24h\",exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Agreement 24h [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "percent",
+          "min": 0,
+          "max": 100,
+          "thresholds": {
+            "steps": [
+              {
+                "color": "red",
+                "value": null
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "yellow",
+                "value": 80
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "green",
+                "value": 95
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          "custom": {}
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Agreements vs Missed (1h)",
+      "description": "Comparison of successful agreements and missed validations over 1 hour. High missed count indicates the validator is not participating in consensus rounds.",
+      "type": "bargauge",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 6,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 1
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "orientation": "horizontal",
+        "displayMode": "gradient",
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_validation_agreement{metric=\"agreements_1h\",exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Agreements 1h [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_validation_agreement{metric=\"missed_1h\",exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Missed 1h [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "none",
+          "thresholds": {
+            "steps": [
+              {
+                "color": "green",
+                "value": null
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          "custom": {}
+        },
+        "overrides": [
+          {
+            "matcher": {
+              "id": "byRegexp",
+              "options": "Missed.*"
+            },
+            "properties": [
+              {
+                "id": "color",
+                "value": {
+                  "mode": "fixed",
+                  "fixedColor": "red"
+                }
+              }
+            ]
+          }
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Agreements vs Missed (24h)",
+      "description": "Comparison of successful agreements and missed validations over 24 hours. Provides a longer-term view of validator reliability.",
+      "type": "bargauge",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 6,
+        "x": 18,
+        "y": 1
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "orientation": "horizontal",
+        "displayMode": "gradient",
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_validation_agreement{metric=\"agreements_24h\",exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Agreements 24h [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_validation_agreement{metric=\"missed_24h\",exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Missed 24h [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "none",
+          "thresholds": {
+            "steps": [
+              {
+                "color": "green",
+                "value": null
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          "custom": {}
+        },
+        "overrides": [
+          {
+            "matcher": {
+              "id": "byRegexp",
+              "options": "Missed.*"
+            },
+            "properties": [
+              {
+                "id": "color",
+                "value": {
+                  "mode": "fixed",
+                  "fixedColor": "red"
+                }
+              }
+            ]
+          }
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Validation Rates",
+      "type": "row",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 1,
+        "w": 24,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 9
+      },
+      "collapsed": false,
+      "panels": []
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Validation Rate",
+      "description": "Rate of validations sent per minute (5m average). Indicates how actively this node is producing validations. Expected ~10-12/min on mainnet (one per ledger close).",
+      "type": "stat",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 6,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 10
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "rate(xrpld_validations_sent_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}[5m]) * 60",
+          "legendFormat": "Sent/min [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "none",
+          "thresholds": {
+            "steps": [
+              {
+                "color": "red",
+                "value": null
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "yellow",
+                "value": 5
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "green",
+                "value": 8
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          "custom": {}
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Validations Checked Rate",
+      "description": "Rate of validations checked (received from peers) per minute (5m average). Indicates how many validations from the network are being processed.",
+      "type": "stat",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 6,
+        "x": 6,
+        "y": 10
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "rate(xrpld_validations_checked_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}[5m]) * 60",
+          "legendFormat": "Checked/min [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "none",
+          "custom": {}
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Amendment Blocked",
+      "description": "Whether the node is amendment-blocked (1=blocked, 0=normal). An amendment-blocked node cannot validate and needs a software upgrade.",
+      "type": "stat",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 6,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 10
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_validator_health{metric=\"amendment_blocked\",exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Blocked [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "none",
+          "mappings": [
+            {
+              "type": "value",
+              "options": {
+                "0": {
+                  "text": "OK",
+                  "color": "green"
+                }
+              }
+            },
+            {
+              "type": "value",
+              "options": {
+                "1": {
+                  "text": "BLOCKED",
+                  "color": "red"
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          ],
+          "thresholds": {
+            "steps": [
+              {
+                "color": "green",
+                "value": null
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "red",
+                "value": 1
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          "custom": {}
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "UNL Expiry (days)",
+      "description": "Days until the UNL (Unique Node List) expires. A value below 7 requires attention to renew the UNL before it expires and the validator stops trusting peers.",
+      "type": "stat",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 6,
+        "x": 18,
+        "y": 10
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_validator_health{metric=\"unl_expiry_days\",exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "UNL Expiry [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "none",
+          "thresholds": {
+            "steps": [
+              {
+                "color": "red",
+                "value": null
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "yellow",
+                "value": 7
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "green",
+                "value": 30
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          "custom": {}
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "UNL Blocked",
+      "description": "Whether the node's UNL (Unique Node List) is blocked (1=blocked, 0=normal). A UNL-blocked node cannot determine validator trust and may stop participating in consensus.",
+      "type": "stat",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 6,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 18
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_validator_health{metric=\"unl_blocked\",exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "UNL Blocked [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "none",
+          "mappings": [
+            {
+              "type": "value",
+              "options": {
+                "0": {
+                  "text": "OK",
+                  "color": "green"
+                }
+              }
+            },
+            {
+              "type": "value",
+              "options": {
+                "1": {
+                  "text": "BLOCKED",
+                  "color": "red"
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          ],
+          "thresholds": {
+            "steps": [
+              {
+                "color": "green",
+                "value": null
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "red",
+                "value": 1
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          "custom": {}
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Agreement/Missed Counters (Rate)",
+      "description": "Rate of cumulative validation agreements and misses per minute. These monotonic counters complement the rolling window percentages above.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 18,
+        "x": 6,
+        "y": 18
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "rate(xrpld_validation_agreements_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}[5m]) * 60",
+          "legendFormat": "Agreements/min [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "rate(xrpld_validation_missed_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}[5m]) * 60",
+          "legendFormat": "Missed/min [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "none",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Per Minute",
+            "drawStyle": "line",
+            "lineWidth": 2,
+            "fillOpacity": 10,
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          },
+          "color": {
+            "mode": "palette-classic"
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": [
+          {
+            "matcher": {
+              "id": "byRegexp",
+              "options": "Missed.*"
+            },
+            "properties": [
+              {
+                "id": "color",
+                "value": {
+                  "mode": "fixed",
+                  "fixedColor": "red"
+                }
+              }
+            ]
+          }
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Server State & Consensus",
+      "type": "row",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 1,
+        "w": 24,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 26
+      },
+      "collapsed": false,
+      "panels": []
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Validation Quorum",
+      "description": "Minimum number of trusted validations needed to declare a ledger validated. Tracks the current quorum requirement from the validator list.",
+      "type": "stat",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 6,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 27
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_validator_health{metric=\"validation_quorum\",exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Quorum [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "none",
+          "custom": {}
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "State Value Timeline",
+      "description": "Numeric encoding of the server operating state over time. Useful for correlating state changes with other metrics.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 18,
+        "x": 6,
+        "y": 27
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_state_tracking{metric=\"state_value\",exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "State [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "none",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "State",
+            "drawStyle": "line",
+            "lineWidth": 2,
+            "fillOpacity": 10,
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          },
+          "color": {
+            "mode": "palette-classic"
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Time in Current State",
+      "description": "How long the server has been in its current operating state, in seconds. Short durations with frequent changes indicate instability.",
+      "type": "stat",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 8,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 35
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_state_tracking{metric=\"time_in_current_state_seconds\",exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Time in State [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "s",
+          "custom": {}
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "State Changes Rate",
+      "description": "Rate of server state changes per hour. A healthy node should have near-zero state changes. Frequent transitions indicate network or configuration issues.",
+      "type": "stat",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 8,
+        "x": 8,
+        "y": 35
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "rate(xrpld_state_changes_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}[1h])",
+          "legendFormat": "Changes/hr [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "none",
+          "thresholds": {
+            "steps": [
+              {
+                "color": "green",
+                "value": null
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "yellow",
+                "value": 1
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "red",
+                "value": 5
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          "custom": {}
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Ledgers Closed Rate",
+      "description": "Rate of ledgers closed per minute (5m average). On mainnet, expect roughly 10-12/min. Deviations indicate consensus timing issues.",
+      "type": "stat",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 8,
+        "x": 16,
+        "y": 35
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "rate(xrpld_ledgers_closed_total{exported_instance=~\"$node\"}[5m]) * 60",
+          "legendFormat": "Closed/min [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "none",
+          "thresholds": {
+            "steps": [
+              {
+                "color": "red",
+                "value": null
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "yellow",
+                "value": 5
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "green",
+                "value": 8
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          "custom": {}
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Agreement % (7d)",
+      "description": "Validation agreement percentage over the trailing 7 days \u2014 the long-term reliability window used by external validator dashboards. Complements the 1h/24h stats.",
+      "type": "stat",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 0,
+        "y": 43
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_validation_agreement{metric=\"agreement_pct_7d\",exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Agreement 7d [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "percent",
+          "min": 0,
+          "max": 100,
+          "thresholds": {
+            "steps": [
+              {
+                "color": "red",
+                "value": null
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "yellow",
+                "value": 80
+              },
+              {
+                "color": "green",
+                "value": 95
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          "custom": {}
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Agreements vs Missed (7d)",
+      "description": "Agreed vs missed validation counts over the trailing 7 days. A rising missed trend signals sustained validator unreliability.",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "gridPos": {
+        "h": 8,
+        "w": 12,
+        "x": 12,
+        "y": 43
+      },
+      "options": {
+        "tooltip": {
+          "mode": "multi",
+          "sort": "desc"
+        }
+      },
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_validation_agreement{metric=\"agreements_7d\",exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Agreements 7d [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        },
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus"
+          },
+          "expr": "xrpld_validation_agreement{metric=\"missed_7d\",exported_instance=~\"$node\"}",
+          "legendFormat": "Missed 7d [{{exported_instance}}]"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "none",
+          "custom": {
+            "axisLabel": "Count",
+            "spanNulls": true,
+            "insertNulls": false,
+            "showPoints": "auto",
+            "pointSize": 3
+          }
+        },
+        "overrides": []
+      }
+    }
+  ],
+  "schemaVersion": 39,
+  "tags": ["xrpld", "validator", "health"],
+  "templating": {
+    "list": [
+      {
+        "name": "node",
+        "label": "Node",
+        "description": "Filter by rippled node (service.instance.id)",
+        "type": "query",
+        "query": "label_values(xrpld_validation_agreement, exported_instance)",
+        "datasource": {
+          "type": "prometheus",
+          "uid": "prometheus"
+        },
+        "includeAll": true,
+        "allValue": ".*",
+        "current": {
+          "text": "All",
+          "value": "$__all"
+        },
+        "multi": true,
+        "refresh": 2,
+        "sort": 1
+      }
+    ]
+  },
+  "time": {
+    "from": "now-1h",
+    "to": "now"
+  },
+  "title": "Validator Health",
+  "uid": "xrpld-validator-health",
+  "refresh": "5s"
+}

docker/telemetry/grafana/provisioning/dashboards/dashboards.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+apiVersion: 1
+
+providers:
+  - name: xrpld-telemetry
+    orgId: 1
+    folder: xrpld
+    type: file
+    disableDeletion: false
+    editable: true
+    options:
+      path: /var/lib/grafana/dashboards
+      foldersFromFilesStructure: false

docker/telemetry/grafana/provisioning/datasources/loki.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+# Grafana Loki data source provisioning for rippled log-trace correlation.
+#
+# Phase 8: Log-Trace Correlation and Centralized Log Ingestion
+#
+# Loki ingests rippled logs via OTel Collector's filelog receiver.
+# The derivedFields config links trace_id values in log lines back to
+# Tempo traces, enabling one-click log-to-trace navigation in Grafana.
+#
+# See: OpenTelemetryPlan/Phase8_taskList.md (Tasks 8.2, 8.4)
+
+apiVersion: 1
+
+datasources:
+  - name: Loki
+    type: loki
+    access: proxy
+    url: http://loki:3100
+    uid: loki
+    jsonData:
+      derivedFields:
+        # Trace ID is an OTel-issued 32-hex value emitted by Logs::format()
+        # as `trace_id=...`. Grafana treats the captured value as a Tempo
+        # trace ID, opening the trace directly via Tempo's trace-by-id API.
+        - datasourceUid: tempo
+          matcherRegex: "trace_id=(\\w+)"
+          name: TraceID
+          url: "$${__value.raw}"
+        # 64-char uppercase hex tokens in log bodies are XRPL ledger
+        # hashes (or tx hashes). They are NOT OTel trace IDs and cannot
+        # be resolved via the trace-by-id endpoint. Build a Grafana
+        # Explore deep-link that runs TraceQL on the span attribute
+        # `xrpl.consensus.ledger_id` — set on `consensus.round` spans to
+        # the full prev_ledger hash. This finds the round span whose
+        # first 16 bytes were folded into the OTel trace_id by
+        # SpanGuard::hashSpan().
+        - matcherRegex: "\\b([A-F0-9]{64})\\b"
+          name: ConsensusLedgerHash
+          urlDisplayLabel: "Search Tempo"
+          url: '/explore?schemaVersion=1&orgId=1&panes={"tempo":{"datasource":"tempo","queries":[{"refId":"A","queryType":"traceql","query":"{.xrpl.consensus.ledger_id=\"$${__value.raw}\"}"}],"range":{"from":"now-1h","to":"now"}}}'

docker/telemetry/grafana/provisioning/datasources/prometheus.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+apiVersion: 1
+
+datasources:
+  - name: Prometheus
+    type: prometheus
+    uid: prometheus
+    access: proxy
+    url: http://prometheus:9090
+    isDefault: true
+    editable: true

docker/telemetry/grafana/provisioning/datasources/tempo.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+# Grafana datasource provisioning for Grafana Tempo.
+# Auto-configures Tempo as a trace data source on Grafana startup.
+# Access Grafana at http://localhost:3000, then use Explore -> Tempo
+# to browse xrpld traces using TraceQL.
+#
+# Search filters provide pre-configured dropdowns in the Explore UI.
+# Each phase adds filters for the span attributes it introduces.
+# Phase 1b (infra): Base filters — node identity, service, span name, status.
+# Phase 2 (RPC):    RPC command, status, role filters.
+# Phase 3 (TX):     Transaction hash, local/peer origin, status.
+# Phase 4 (Cons):   Consensus mode, round, ledger sequence, close time.
+
+apiVersion: 1
+
+datasources:
+  - name: Tempo
+    type: tempo
+    access: proxy
+    url: http://tempo:3200
+    uid: tempo
+    jsonData:
+      nodeGraph:
+        enabled: true
+      # Service map and traces-to-metrics require a Prometheus datasource
+      # (not included in this stack). These features are inactive until a
+      # Prometheus service is added to docker-compose.yml.
+      serviceMap:
+        datasourceUid: prometheus
+      # Phase 8: Trace-to-log correlation — enables one-click navigation
+      # from a Tempo trace to the corresponding Loki log lines. Filters
+      # by trace_id so only logs from the same trace are shown.
+      tracesToLogs:
+        datasourceUid: loki
+        filterByTraceID: true
+        filterBySpanID: false
+        tags: ["partition", "severity"]
+      tracesToMetrics:
+        datasourceUid: prometheus
+        spanStartTimeShift: "-1h"
+        spanEndTimeShift: "1h"
+      search:
+        filters:
+          # --- Node identification filters ---
+          # service.name: logical service name (default: "xrpld").
+          #   Useful when running multiple service types in the same collector.
+          - id: service-name
+            tag: service.name
+            operator: "="
+            scope: resource
+            type: static
+          # service.instance.id: unique node identifier — configurable via
+          #   the service_instance_id setting in [telemetry], defaults to the
+          #   node's public key. E.g. "Node-1" or "nHB1X37...".
+          - id: node-id
+            tag: service.instance.id
+            operator: "="
+            scope: resource
+            type: static
+          # service.version: xrpld build version (e.g., "2.4.0-b1").
+          #   Filter traces from specific software releases.
+          - id: node-version
+            tag: service.version
+            operator: "="
+            scope: resource
+            type: dynamic
+          # xrpl.network.id: numeric network identifier
+          #   (0 = mainnet, 1 = testnet, 2 = devnet, etc.).
+          #   Derived from the [network_id] config section.
+          - id: network-id
+            tag: xrpl.network.id
+            operator: "="
+            scope: resource
+            type: dynamic
+          # xrpl.network.type: human-readable network name derived from
+          #   network ID ("mainnet", "testnet", "devnet", "unknown").
+          - id: network-type
+            tag: xrpl.network.type
+            operator: "="
+            scope: resource
+            type: static
+          # --- Span intrinsic filters ---
+          # name: the span operation name (e.g., "rpc.command.server_info").
+          #   Use to find traces for a specific RPC command or subsystem.
+          - id: span-name
+            tag: name
+            operator: "="
+            scope: intrinsic
+            type: static
+          # status: span completion status ("ok", "error", "unset").
+          #   Filter for failed operations to diagnose errors.
+          - id: span-status
+            tag: status
+            operator: "="
+            scope: intrinsic
+            type: static
+          # duration: span wall-clock duration. Use with ">" operator
+          #   to find slow operations (e.g., duration > 500ms).
+          - id: span-duration
+            tag: duration
+            operator: ">"
+            scope: intrinsic
+            type: static
+          # Phase 2: RPC tracing filters
+          - id: rpc-command
+            tag: command
+            operator: "="
+            scope: span
+            type: static
+          - id: rpc-status
+            tag: rpc_status
+            operator: "="
+            scope: span
+            type: dynamic
+          - id: rpc-role
+            tag: rpc_role
+            operator: "="
+            scope: span
+            type: dynamic
+          # Phase 3: Transaction tracing filters
+          - id: tx-hash
+            tag: tx_hash
+            operator: "="
+            scope: span
+            type: static
+          - id: tx-origin
+            tag: local
+            operator: "="
+            scope: span
+            type: dynamic
+          - id: tx-status
+            tag: tx_status
+            operator: "="
+            scope: span
+            type: dynamic
+          # Phase 4: Consensus tracing filters
+          - id: consensus-mode
+            tag: xrpl.consensus.mode
+            operator: "="
+            scope: span
+            type: static
+          - id: consensus-round
+            tag: xrpl.consensus.round
+            operator: "="
+            scope: span
+            type: dynamic
+          - id: consensus-ledger-seq
+            tag: xrpl.ledger.seq
+            operator: "="
+            scope: span
+            type: static
+          - id: consensus-close-time-correct
+            tag: close_time_correct
+            operator: "="
+            scope: span
+            type: dynamic
+          - id: consensus-state
+            tag: consensus_state
+            operator: "="
+            scope: span
+            type: dynamic
+          - id: consensus-close-resolution
+            tag: close_resolution_ms
+            operator: "="
+            scope: span
+            type: dynamic
+          - id: consensus-proposers
+            tag: proposers
+            operator: "="
+            scope: span
+            type: dynamic
+          - id: consensus-result
+            tag: consensus_result
+            operator: "="
+            scope: span
+            type: dynamic
+          - id: consensus-mode-old
+            tag: mode_old
+            operator: "="
+            scope: span
+            type: dynamic
+          - id: consensus-mode-new
+            tag: mode_new
+            operator: "="
+            scope: span
+            type: dynamic
+          - id: consensus-ledger-id
+            tag: xrpl.consensus.ledger_id
+            operator: "="
+            scope: span
+            type: static
+          # Phase 3/4: Additional transaction and queue filters
+          - id: tx-path
+            tag: path
+            operator: "="
+            scope: span
+            type: dynamic
+          - id: tx-suppressed
+            tag: suppressed
+            operator: "="
+            scope: span
+            type: dynamic
+          - id: peer-version
+            tag: peer_version
+            operator: "="
+            scope: span
+            type: dynamic
+          - id: txq-status
+            tag: txq_status
+            operator: "="
+            scope: span
+            type: dynamic
+          - id: txq-ter-code
+            tag: ter_code
+            operator: "="
+            scope: span
+            type: dynamic

docker/telemetry/integration-test.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,750 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# Integration test for rippled OpenTelemetry instrumentation.
+#
+# Launches a 6-node xrpld consensus network with telemetry enabled,
+# exercises RPC / transaction / consensus code paths, then verifies
+# that the expected spans and metrics appear in Tempo and Prometheus.
+#
+# Usage:
+#   bash docker/telemetry/integration-test.sh
+#
+# Prerequisites:
+#   - .build/xrpld built with telemetry=ON
+#   - docker compose (v2)
+#   - curl, jq
+#
+# The script leaves the observability stack and xrpld nodes running
+# so you can manually inspect Tempo (localhost:3200) and Grafana
+# (localhost:3000). Run with --cleanup to tear down instead.
+
+set -euo pipefail
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Configuration
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
+REPO_ROOT="$(cd "$SCRIPT_DIR/../.." && pwd)"
+XRPLD="$REPO_ROOT/.build/xrpld"
+COMPOSE_FILE="$SCRIPT_DIR/docker-compose.yml"
+STANDALONE_CFG="$SCRIPT_DIR/xrpld-telemetry.cfg"
+WORKDIR="${WORKDIR:-/tmp/xrpld-integration}"
+NUM_NODES=6
+PEER_PORT_BASE=51235
+RPC_PORT_BASE=5005
+CONSENSUS_TIMEOUT=120
+GENESIS_ACCOUNT="rHb9CJAWyB4rj91VRWn96DkukG4bwdtyTh"
+GENESIS_SEED="snoPBrXtMeMyMHUVTgbuqAfg1SUTb"
+DEST_ACCOUNT="" # Generated dynamically via wallet_propose
+TEMPO="http://localhost:3200"
+PROM="http://localhost:9090"
+
+# Counters for pass/fail
+PASS=0
+FAIL=0
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Helpers
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+log() { printf "\033[1;34m[INFO]\033[0m  %s\n" "$*"; }
+ok() {
+    printf "\033[1;32m[PASS]\033[0m  %s\n" "$*"
+    PASS=$((PASS + 1))
+}
+fail() {
+    printf "\033[1;31m[FAIL]\033[0m  %s\n" "$*"
+    FAIL=$((FAIL + 1))
+}
+die() {
+    printf "\033[1;31m[ERROR]\033[0m %s\n" "$*" >&2
+    exit 1
+}
+
+check_span() {
+    local op="$1"
+    local count
+    count=$(curl -sf "$TEMPO/api/search" \
+        --data-urlencode "q={resource.service.name=\"rippled\" && name=\"$op\"}" \
+        --data-urlencode "limit=5" |
+        jq '.traces | length' 2>/dev/null || echo 0)
+    if [ "$count" -gt 0 ]; then
+        ok "$op  ($count traces)"
+    else
+        fail "$op  (0 traces)"
+    fi
+}
+
+# Phase 8: Verify trace_id injection in xrpld log output.
+# Greps all node debug.log files for the "trace_id=<hex> span_id=<hex>"
+# pattern that Logs::format() injects when an active OTel span exists.
+# Also cross-checks that a trace_id found in logs matches a trace in Tempo.
+check_log_correlation() {
+    log "Checking log-trace correlation..."
+
+    local total_matches=0
+    local files_scanned=0
+    local sample_trace_id=""
+
+    for i in $(seq 1 "$NUM_NODES"); do
+        local logfile="$WORKDIR/node$i/debug.log"
+        if [ ! -f "$logfile" ]; then
+            continue
+        fi
+        files_scanned=$((files_scanned + 1))
+        local matches
+        matches=$(grep -c 'trace_id=[a-f0-9]\{32\} span_id=[a-f0-9]\{16\}' "$logfile") || matches=0
+        total_matches=$((total_matches + matches))
+        # Capture the first trace_id we find for cross-referencing with Tempo
+        if [ -z "$sample_trace_id" ] && [ "$matches" -gt 0 ]; then
+            sample_trace_id=$(grep -o 'trace_id=[a-f0-9]\{32\}' "$logfile" | head -1 | cut -d= -f2)
+        fi
+    done
+
+    if [ "$files_scanned" -eq 0 ]; then
+        fail "Log correlation: no debug.log files found in $WORKDIR/node*/"
+        return
+    fi
+
+    if [ "$total_matches" -gt 0 ]; then
+        ok "Log correlation: found $total_matches log lines with trace_id ($files_scanned nodes scanned)"
+    else
+        fail "Log correlation: no trace_id found in any node debug.log ($files_scanned nodes scanned)"
+    fi
+
+    # Cross-check: verify the sample trace_id exists in Tempo
+    if [ -n "$sample_trace_id" ]; then
+        local trace_found
+        # Tempo /api/traces/{id} returns OTLP shape: {"batches":[...]}
+        trace_found=$(curl -sf "$TEMPO/api/traces/$sample_trace_id" |
+            jq '.batches | length' 2>/dev/null) || trace_found=0
+        if [ "$trace_found" -gt 0 ]; then
+            ok "Log-Tempo cross-check: trace_id=$sample_trace_id found in Tempo"
+        else
+            fail "Log-Tempo cross-check: trace_id=$sample_trace_id NOT found in Tempo"
+        fi
+    fi
+}
+
+cleanup() {
+    log "Cleaning up..."
+    # Kill xrpld nodes
+    for i in $(seq 1 "$NUM_NODES"); do
+        local pidfile="$WORKDIR/node$i/xrpld.pid"
+        if [ -f "$pidfile" ]; then
+            kill "$(cat "$pidfile")" 2>/dev/null || true
+            rm -f "$pidfile"
+        fi
+    done
+    # Also kill any straggling xrpld processes from our workdir
+    pkill -f "$WORKDIR" 2>/dev/null || true
+    # Stop docker stack
+    docker compose -f "$COMPOSE_FILE" down 2>/dev/null || true
+    # Remove workdir
+    rm -rf "$WORKDIR"
+    log "Cleanup complete."
+}
+
+# Handle --cleanup flag
+if [ "${1:-}" = "--cleanup" ]; then
+    cleanup
+    exit 0
+fi
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Step 0: Prerequisites
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+log "Checking prerequisites..."
+
+command -v docker >/dev/null 2>&1 || die "docker not found"
+docker compose version >/dev/null 2>&1 || die "docker compose (v2) not found"
+command -v curl >/dev/null 2>&1 || die "curl not found"
+command -v jq >/dev/null 2>&1 || die "jq not found"
+[ -x "$XRPLD" ] || die "xrpld binary not found at $XRPLD (build with telemetry=ON)"
+[ -f "$COMPOSE_FILE" ] || die "docker-compose.yml not found at $COMPOSE_FILE"
+[ -f "$STANDALONE_CFG" ] || die "xrpld-telemetry.cfg not found at $STANDALONE_CFG"
+
+log "All prerequisites met."
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Step 1: Clean previous run
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+log "Cleaning previous run data..."
+for i in $(seq 1 "$NUM_NODES"); do
+    pidfile="$WORKDIR/node$i/xrpld.pid"
+    if [ -f "$pidfile" ]; then
+        kill "$(cat "$pidfile")" 2>/dev/null || true
+    fi
+done
+pkill -f "$WORKDIR" 2>/dev/null || true
+# Kill any xrpld using the standalone config (from key generation)
+pkill -f "xrpld-telemetry.cfg" 2>/dev/null || true
+sleep 2
+rm -rf "$WORKDIR"
+mkdir -p "$WORKDIR"
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Step 2: Start observability stack
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+log "Starting observability stack..."
+docker compose -f "$COMPOSE_FILE" up -d
+
+log "Waiting for otel-collector to be ready..."
+for attempt in $(seq 1 30); do
+    # The OTLP HTTP endpoint returns 405 for GET (expects POST), which
+    # means it is listening.  curl -sf would fail on 405, so we check
+    # the HTTP status code explicitly.
+    status=$(curl -so /dev/null -w '%{http_code}' http://localhost:4318/ 2>/dev/null || echo 000)
+    if [ "$status" != "000" ]; then
+        log "otel-collector ready (attempt $attempt, HTTP $status)."
+        break
+    fi
+    if [ "$attempt" -eq 30 ]; then
+        die "otel-collector not ready after 30s"
+    fi
+    sleep 1
+done
+
+log "Waiting for Tempo to be ready..."
+for attempt in $(seq 1 30); do
+    if curl -sf "$TEMPO/ready" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+        log "Tempo ready (attempt $attempt)."
+        break
+    fi
+    if [ "$attempt" -eq 30 ]; then
+        die "Tempo not ready after 30s"
+    fi
+    sleep 1
+done
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Step 3: Generate validator keys
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+log "Generating $NUM_NODES validator key pairs..."
+
+# Start a temporary standalone xrpld for key generation
+TEMP_DATA="$WORKDIR/temp-keygen"
+mkdir -p "$TEMP_DATA"
+
+# Create a minimal temp config for key generation
+TEMP_CFG="$TEMP_DATA/xrpld.cfg"
+cat >"$TEMP_CFG" <<EOCFG
+[server]
+port_rpc_temp
+
+[port_rpc_temp]
+port = 5099
+ip = 127.0.0.1
+admin = 127.0.0.1
+protocol = http
+
+[node_db]
+type=NuDB
+path=$TEMP_DATA/nudb
+online_delete=256
+
+[database_path]
+$TEMP_DATA/db
+
+[debug_logfile]
+$TEMP_DATA/debug.log
+
+[ssl_verify]
+0
+EOCFG
+
+"$XRPLD" --conf "$TEMP_CFG" -a --start >"$TEMP_DATA/stdout.log" 2>&1 &
+TEMP_PID=$!
+log "Temporary xrpld started (PID $TEMP_PID), waiting for RPC..."
+
+for attempt in $(seq 1 30); do
+    if curl -sf http://localhost:5099 -d '{"method":"server_info"}' >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+        log "Temporary xrpld RPC ready (attempt $attempt)."
+        break
+    fi
+    if [ "$attempt" -eq 30 ]; then
+        kill "$TEMP_PID" 2>/dev/null || true
+        die "Temporary xrpld RPC not ready after 30s"
+    fi
+    sleep 1
+done
+
+declare -a SEEDS
+declare -a PUBKEYS
+
+for i in $(seq 1 "$NUM_NODES"); do
+    result=$(curl -sf http://localhost:5099 -d '{"method":"validation_create"}')
+    seed=$(echo "$result" | jq -r '.result.validation_seed')
+    pubkey=$(echo "$result" | jq -r '.result.validation_public_key')
+    if [ -z "$seed" ] || [ "$seed" = "null" ]; then
+        kill "$TEMP_PID" 2>/dev/null || true
+        die "Failed to generate key pair $i"
+    fi
+    SEEDS+=("$seed")
+    PUBKEYS+=("$pubkey")
+    log "  Node $i: $pubkey"
+done
+
+kill "$TEMP_PID" 2>/dev/null || true
+wait "$TEMP_PID" 2>/dev/null || true
+rm -rf "$TEMP_DATA"
+log "Key generation complete."
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Step 4: Generate node configs and validators.txt
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+log "Generating node configs..."
+
+# Create shared validators.txt
+VALIDATORS_FILE="$WORKDIR/validators.txt"
+{
+    echo "[validators]"
+    for i in $(seq 0 $((NUM_NODES - 1))); do
+        echo "${PUBKEYS[$i]}"
+    done
+} >"$VALIDATORS_FILE"
+
+# Create per-node configs
+for i in $(seq 1 "$NUM_NODES"); do
+    NODE_DIR="$WORKDIR/node$i"
+    mkdir -p "$NODE_DIR/nudb" "$NODE_DIR/db"
+
+    RPC_PORT=$((RPC_PORT_BASE + i - 1))
+    PEER_PORT=$((PEER_PORT_BASE + i - 1))
+    SEED="${SEEDS[$((i - 1))]}"
+
+    # Build ips_fixed list (all peers except self)
+    IPS_FIXED=""
+    for j in $(seq 1 "$NUM_NODES"); do
+        if [ "$j" -ne "$i" ]; then
+            IPS_FIXED="${IPS_FIXED}127.0.0.1 $((PEER_PORT_BASE + j - 1))
+"
+        fi
+    done
+
+    cat >"$NODE_DIR/xrpld.cfg" <<EOCFG
+[server]
+port_rpc
+port_peer
+
+[port_rpc]
+port = $RPC_PORT
+ip = 127.0.0.1
+admin = 127.0.0.1
+protocol = http
+
+[port_peer]
+port = $PEER_PORT
+ip = 0.0.0.0
+protocol = peer
+
+[node_db]
+type=NuDB
+path=$NODE_DIR/nudb
+online_delete=256
+
+[database_path]
+$NODE_DIR/db
+
+[debug_logfile]
+$NODE_DIR/debug.log
+
+[validation_seed]
+$SEED
+
+[validators_file]
+$VALIDATORS_FILE
+
+[ips_fixed]
+${IPS_FIXED}
+[peer_private]
+1
+
+[telemetry]
+enabled=1
+service_instance_id=Node-${i}
+endpoint=http://localhost:4318/v1/traces
+exporter=otlp_http
+sampling_ratio=1.0
+batch_size=512
+batch_delay_ms=2000
+max_queue_size=2048
+trace_rpc=1
+trace_transactions=1
+trace_consensus=1
+trace_peer=1
+trace_ledger=1
+metrics_endpoint=http://localhost:4318/v1/metrics
+
+[insight]
+server=otel
+endpoint=http://localhost:4318/v1/metrics
+prefix=rippled
+service_instance_id=Node-${i}
+
+[insight]
+server=statsd
+address=127.0.0.1:8125
+prefix=rippled
+
+[rpc_startup]
+{ "command": "log_level", "severity": "warning" }
+
+[ssl_verify]
+0
+EOCFG
+
+    log "  Node $i config: RPC=$RPC_PORT, Peer=$PEER_PORT"
+done
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Step 5: Start all 6 nodes
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+log "Starting $NUM_NODES xrpld nodes..."
+
+for i in $(seq 1 "$NUM_NODES"); do
+    NODE_DIR="$WORKDIR/node$i"
+    "$XRPLD" --conf "$NODE_DIR/xrpld.cfg" --start >"$NODE_DIR/stdout.log" 2>&1 &
+    echo $! >"$NODE_DIR/xrpld.pid"
+    log "  Node $i started (PID $(cat "$NODE_DIR/xrpld.pid"))"
+done
+
+# Give nodes a moment to initialize
+sleep 5
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Step 6: Wait for consensus
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+log "Waiting for nodes to reach 'proposing' state (timeout: ${CONSENSUS_TIMEOUT}s)..."
+
+start_time=$(date +%s)
+nodes_ready=0
+
+while [ "$nodes_ready" -lt "$NUM_NODES" ]; do
+    elapsed=$(($(date +%s) - start_time))
+    if [ "$elapsed" -ge "$CONSENSUS_TIMEOUT" ]; then
+        fail "Consensus timeout after ${CONSENSUS_TIMEOUT}s ($nodes_ready/$NUM_NODES nodes ready)"
+        log "Continuing with partial consensus..."
+        break
+    fi
+
+    nodes_ready=0
+    for i in $(seq 1 "$NUM_NODES"); do
+        RPC_PORT=$((RPC_PORT_BASE + i - 1))
+        state=$(curl -sf "http://localhost:$RPC_PORT" \
+            -d '{"method":"server_info"}' 2>/dev/null |
+            jq -r '.result.info.server_state' 2>/dev/null || echo "unreachable")
+        if [ "$state" = "proposing" ]; then
+            nodes_ready=$((nodes_ready + 1))
+        fi
+    done
+    printf "\r  %d/%d nodes proposing (%ds elapsed)..." "$nodes_ready" "$NUM_NODES" "$elapsed"
+    if [ "$nodes_ready" -lt "$NUM_NODES" ]; then
+        sleep 3
+    fi
+done
+echo ""
+
+if [ "$nodes_ready" -eq "$NUM_NODES" ]; then
+    ok "All $NUM_NODES nodes reached 'proposing' state"
+else
+    fail "Only $nodes_ready/$NUM_NODES nodes reached 'proposing' state"
+fi
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Step 6b: Wait for validated ledger
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+log "Waiting for first validated ledger..."
+for attempt in $(seq 1 60); do
+    val_seq=$(curl -sf "http://localhost:$RPC_PORT_BASE" \
+        -d '{"method":"server_info"}' 2>/dev/null |
+        jq -r '.result.info.validated_ledger.seq // 0' 2>/dev/null || echo 0)
+    if [ "$val_seq" -gt 2 ] 2>/dev/null; then
+        ok "First validated ledger: seq $val_seq"
+        break
+    fi
+    if [ "$attempt" -eq 60 ]; then
+        fail "No validated ledger after 60s"
+    fi
+    sleep 1
+done
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Step 7: Exercise RPC spans (Phase 2)
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+log "Exercising RPC spans..."
+
+curl -sf "http://localhost:$RPC_PORT_BASE" \
+    -d '{"method":"server_info"}' >/dev/null
+curl -sf "http://localhost:$RPC_PORT_BASE" \
+    -d '{"method":"server_state"}' >/dev/null
+curl -sf "http://localhost:$RPC_PORT_BASE" \
+    -d '{"method":"ledger","params":[{"ledger_index":"current"}]}' >/dev/null
+
+log "RPC commands sent. Waiting 5s for batch export..."
+sleep 5
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Step 8: Submit transaction (Phase 3)
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+log "Submitting Payment transaction..."
+
+# Generate a destination wallet
+log "  Generating destination wallet..."
+wallet_result=$(curl -sf "http://localhost:$RPC_PORT_BASE" \
+    -d '{"method":"wallet_propose"}')
+DEST_ACCOUNT=$(echo "$wallet_result" | jq -r '.result.account_id' 2>/dev/null)
+if [ -z "$DEST_ACCOUNT" ] || [ "$DEST_ACCOUNT" = "null" ]; then
+    fail "Could not generate destination wallet"
+    DEST_ACCOUNT="rrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrhoLvTp" # ACCOUNT_ZERO fallback
+fi
+log "  Destination: $DEST_ACCOUNT"
+
+# Get genesis account info
+acct_result=$(curl -sf "http://localhost:$RPC_PORT_BASE" \
+    -d "{\"method\":\"account_info\",\"params\":[{\"account\":\"$GENESIS_ACCOUNT\"}]}")
+seq_num=$(echo "$acct_result" | jq -r '.result.account_data.Sequence' 2>/dev/null || echo "unknown")
+log "  Genesis account sequence: $seq_num"
+
+# Submit payment
+submit_result=$(curl -sf "http://localhost:$RPC_PORT_BASE" \
+    -d "{\"method\":\"submit\",\"params\":[{\"secret\":\"$GENESIS_SEED\",\"tx_json\":{\"TransactionType\":\"Payment\",\"Account\":\"$GENESIS_ACCOUNT\",\"Destination\":\"$DEST_ACCOUNT\",\"Amount\":\"10000000\"}}]}")
+
+engine_result=$(echo "$submit_result" | jq -r '.result.engine_result' 2>/dev/null || echo "unknown")
+tx_hash=$(echo "$submit_result" | jq -r '.result.tx_json.hash' 2>/dev/null || echo "unknown")
+
+if [ "$engine_result" = "tesSUCCESS" ] || [ "$engine_result" = "terQUEUED" ]; then
+    ok "Transaction submitted: $engine_result (hash: ${tx_hash:0:16}...)"
+else
+    fail "Transaction submission: $engine_result"
+    log "  Full response: $(echo "$submit_result" | jq -c .result 2>/dev/null)"
+fi
+
+log "Waiting 15s for consensus round + batch export..."
+sleep 15
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Step 9: Verify Tempo traces
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+log "Verifying spans in Tempo..."
+
+# Check service registration
+services=$(curl -sf "$TEMPO/api/v2/search/tag/resource.service.name/values" |
+    jq -r '.tagValues[].value' 2>/dev/null || echo "")
+if echo "$services" | grep -q "rippled"; then
+    ok "Service 'rippled' registered in Tempo"
+else
+    fail "Service 'rippled' NOT found in Tempo (found: $services)"
+fi
+
+log ""
+log "--- Phase 2: RPC Spans ---"
+check_span "rpc.request"
+check_span "rpc.process"
+check_span "rpc.command.server_info"
+check_span "rpc.command.server_state"
+check_span "rpc.command.ledger"
+
+log ""
+log "--- Phase 3: Transaction Spans ---"
+check_span "tx.process"
+check_span "tx.receive"
+check_span "tx.apply"
+
+log ""
+log "--- Phase 4: Consensus Spans ---"
+check_span "consensus.proposal.send"
+check_span "consensus.ledger_close"
+check_span "consensus.accept"
+check_span "consensus.validation.send"
+
+log ""
+log "--- Phase 5: Ledger Spans ---"
+check_span "ledger.build"
+check_span "ledger.validate"
+check_span "ledger.store"
+
+log ""
+log "--- Phase 5: Peer Spans (trace_peer=1) ---"
+check_span "peer.proposal.receive"
+check_span "peer.validation.receive"
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Step 9b: Verify log-trace correlation (Phase 8)
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+log ""
+log "--- Phase 8: Log-Trace Correlation ---"
+check_log_correlation
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Step 10: Verify Prometheus spanmetrics
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+log ""
+log "--- Phase 5: Spanmetrics ---"
+log "Waiting 20s for Prometheus scrape cycle..."
+sleep 20
+
+calls_count=$(curl -sf "$PROM/api/v1/query?query=traces_span_metrics_calls_total" |
+    jq '.data.result | length' 2>/dev/null || echo 0)
+if [ "$calls_count" -gt 0 ]; then
+    ok "Prometheus: traces_span_metrics_calls_total ($calls_count series)"
+else
+    fail "Prometheus: traces_span_metrics_calls_total (0 series)"
+fi
+
+duration_count=$(curl -sf "$PROM/api/v1/query?query=traces_span_metrics_duration_milliseconds_count" |
+    jq '.data.result | length' 2>/dev/null || echo 0)
+if [ "$duration_count" -gt 0 ]; then
+    ok "Prometheus: duration histogram ($duration_count series)"
+else
+    fail "Prometheus: duration histogram (0 series)"
+fi
+
+# Check Grafana
+if curl -sf http://localhost:3000/api/health >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+    ok "Grafana: healthy at localhost:3000"
+else
+    fail "Grafana: not reachable at localhost:3000"
+fi
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Step 10b: Verify native OTel metrics in Prometheus (beast::insight)
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+log ""
+log "--- Phase 7: Native OTel Metrics (beast::insight via OTLP) ---"
+log "Waiting 20s for OTLP metric export + Prometheus scrape..."
+sleep 20
+
+check_otel_metric() {
+    local metric_name="$1"
+    local result
+    result=$(curl -sf "$PROM/api/v1/query?query=$metric_name" |
+        jq '.data.result | length' 2>/dev/null || echo 0)
+    if [ "$result" -gt 0 ]; then
+        ok "OTel: $metric_name ($result series)"
+    else
+        fail "OTel: $metric_name (0 series)"
+    fi
+}
+
+# Node health gauges (ObservableGauge — no _total suffix)
+check_otel_metric "rippled_LedgerMaster_Validated_Ledger_Age"
+check_otel_metric "rippled_LedgerMaster_Published_Ledger_Age"
+check_otel_metric "rippled_job_count"
+
+# State accounting
+check_otel_metric "rippled_State_Accounting_Full_duration"
+
+# Peer finder
+check_otel_metric "rippled_Peer_Finder_Active_Inbound_Peers"
+check_otel_metric "rippled_Peer_Finder_Active_Outbound_Peers"
+
+# RPC counters (Counter — Prometheus adds _total suffix automatically)
+check_otel_metric "rippled_rpc_requests_total"
+
+# Overlay traffic
+check_otel_metric "rippled_total_Bytes_In"
+
+# Verify StatsD receiver is NOT required (no statsd receiver in pipeline)
+log ""
+log "--- Verify StatsD receiver is not required ---"
+statsd_port_check=$(curl -sf "http://localhost:8125" 2>&1 || echo "refused")
+if echo "$statsd_port_check" | grep -qi "refused\|error\|connection"; then
+    ok "StatsD port 8125 is not listening (not required)"
+else
+    fail "StatsD port 8125 appears to be listening (should not be needed)"
+fi
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Step 10c: Verify Phase 9 OTel SDK Metrics
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+log ""
+log "--- Phase 9: OTel SDK Metrics (MetricsRegistry) ---"
+log "Waiting 15s for OTel metric export + Prometheus scrape..."
+sleep 15
+
+check_otel_metric() {
+    local metric_name="$1"
+    local result
+    result=$(curl -sf "$PROM/api/v1/query?query=$metric_name" |
+        jq '.data.result | length' 2>/dev/null || echo 0)
+    if [ "$result" -gt 0 ]; then
+        ok "OTel: $metric_name ($result series)"
+    else
+        fail "OTel: $metric_name (0 series)"
+    fi
+}
+
+# Task 9.1: NodeStore I/O
+check_otel_metric 'xrpld_nodestore_state{metric="node_reads_total"}'
+check_otel_metric 'xrpld_nodestore_state{metric="write_load"}'
+
+# Task 9.2: Cache hit rates
+check_otel_metric 'xrpld_cache_metrics{metric="SLE_hit_rate"}'
+check_otel_metric 'xrpld_cache_metrics{metric="treenode_cache_size"}'
+
+# Task 9.3: TxQ metrics
+check_otel_metric 'xrpld_txq_metrics{metric="txq_count"}'
+check_otel_metric 'xrpld_txq_metrics{metric="txq_reference_fee_level"}'
+
+# Task 9.4: Per-RPC metrics
+check_otel_metric "xrpld_rpc_method_started_total"
+check_otel_metric "xrpld_rpc_method_finished_total"
+
+# Task 9.5: Per-job metrics
+check_otel_metric "xrpld_job_queued_total"
+check_otel_metric "xrpld_job_finished_total"
+
+# Task 9.6: Counted object instances
+check_otel_metric "xrpld_object_count"
+
+# Task 9.7: Load factor breakdown
+check_otel_metric 'xrpld_load_factor_metrics{metric="load_factor"}'
+check_otel_metric 'xrpld_load_factor_metrics{metric="load_factor_server"}'
+
+# Task 7.15 / Phase 9: ValidationTracker rolling-window agreement gauge.
+# MetricsRegistry::registerValidationAgreementGauge() publishes
+# xrpld_validation_agreement with a `metric` label for each window
+# (1h / 24h / 7d) plus the matching agreement/miss counts. The 7-day
+# window matches the external xrpl-validator-dashboard parity target.
+check_otel_metric 'xrpld_validation_agreement{metric="agreement_pct_1h"}'
+check_otel_metric 'xrpld_validation_agreement{metric="agreement_pct_24h"}'
+check_otel_metric 'xrpld_validation_agreement{metric="agreement_pct_7d"}'
+check_otel_metric 'xrpld_validation_agreement{metric="agreements_1h"}'
+check_otel_metric 'xrpld_validation_agreement{metric="missed_1h"}'
+check_otel_metric 'xrpld_validation_agreement{metric="agreements_24h"}'
+check_otel_metric 'xrpld_validation_agreement{metric="missed_24h"}'
+check_otel_metric 'xrpld_validation_agreement{metric="agreements_7d"}'
+check_otel_metric 'xrpld_validation_agreement{metric="missed_7d"}'
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Step 11: Summary
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+echo ""
+echo "==========================================================="
+echo "  INTEGRATION TEST RESULTS"
+echo "==========================================================="
+printf "  \033[1;32mPASSED: %d\033[0m\n" "$PASS"
+printf "  \033[1;31mFAILED: %d\033[0m\n" "$FAIL"
+echo "==========================================================="
+echo ""
+echo "  Observability stack is running:"
+echo ""
+echo "    Tempo:         http://localhost:3200"
+echo "    Grafana:       http://localhost:3000"
+echo "    Prometheus:    http://localhost:9090"
+echo "    Loki:          http://localhost:3100"
+echo ""
+echo "  xrpld nodes (6) are running:"
+for i in $(seq 1 "$NUM_NODES"); do
+    RPC_PORT=$((RPC_PORT_BASE + i - 1))
+    PEER_PORT=$((PEER_PORT_BASE + i - 1))
+    echo "    Node $i: RPC=localhost:$RPC_PORT  Peer=:$PEER_PORT  PID=$(cat "$WORKDIR/node$i/xrpld.pid" 2>/dev/null || echo 'unknown')"
+done
+echo ""
+echo "  To tear down:"
+echo "    bash docker/telemetry/integration-test.sh --cleanup"
+echo ""
+echo "==========================================================="
+
+if [ "$FAIL" -gt 0 ]; then
+    exit 1
+fi

docker/telemetry/otel-collector-config.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+# OpenTelemetry Collector configuration for xrpld development.
+#
+# Pipelines:
+#   traces: OTLP receiver -> batch processor -> debug + Tempo + spanmetrics
+#   metrics: OTLP receiver + spanmetrics connector -> Prometheus exporter
+#   logs:   filelog receiver -> batch processor -> otlphttp/Loki (Phase 8)
+#
+# xrpld sends traces via OTLP/HTTP to port 4318. The collector batches
+# them, forwards to Tempo, and derives RED metrics via the spanmetrics
+# connector, which Prometheus scrapes on port 8889.
+#
+# xrpld sends beast::insight metrics natively via OTLP/HTTP to port 4318
+# (same endpoint as traces). The OTLP receiver feeds both the traces and
+# metrics pipelines. Metrics are exported to Prometheus alongside
+# span-derived metrics.
+#
+# Phase 8: The filelog receiver tails xrpld's debug.log files under
+# /var/log/rippled/ (mounted from the host). A regex_parser operator
+# extracts timestamp, partition, severity, and optional trace_id/span_id
+# fields injected by Logs::format(). Parsed logs are exported to Grafana
+# Loki for log-trace correlation.
+
+extensions:
+  health_check:
+    endpoint: 0.0.0.0:13133
+
+receivers:
+  otlp:
+    protocols:
+      grpc:
+        endpoint: 0.0.0.0:4317
+      http:
+        endpoint: 0.0.0.0:4318
+  # Phase 8: Filelog receiver tails xrpld debug.log files for log-trace
+  # correlation. Extracts structured fields (timestamp, partition, severity,
+  # trace_id, span_id, message) via regex. The trace_id and span_id are
+  # optional — only present when the log was emitted within an active span.
+  filelog:
+    # Tails both user-run xrpld logs (/home/pratik/xrpld-logs/...)
+    # and integration-test logs (/tmp/xrpld-integration/...).
+    include:
+      - /var/log/rippled/*/debug.log
+      - /var/log/rippled-integration/*/debug.log
+    operators:
+      # Log format emitted by Logs::format() is:
+      #   YYYY-Mmm-DD HH:MM:SS.ffffff UTC <partition>:<severity> [trace_id=... span_id=...] <message>
+      # The `partition:` prefix is omitted when partition is empty, so the
+      # capture group is non-capturing optional. Fractional seconds up to 6
+      # digits are parsed via the `%f` strptime directive.
+      - type: regex_parser
+        regex: '^(?P<timestamp>\S+\s+\S+)\s+\S+\s+(?:(?P<partition>\S+):)?(?P<severity>\S+)\s+(?:trace_id=(?P<trace_id>[a-f0-9]+)\s+span_id=(?P<span_id>[a-f0-9]+)\s+)?(?P<message>.*)$'
+        timestamp:
+          parse_from: attributes.timestamp
+          layout: "%Y-%b-%d %H:%M:%S.%f"
+          location: UTC
+
+processors:
+  batch:
+    timeout: 1s
+    send_batch_size: 100
+  resource/logs:
+    attributes:
+      - key: service.name
+        value: xrpld
+        action: upsert
+      # Loki 3.x OTLP ingestion converts `service.name` to the label
+      # `service_name`. The runbook and integration-test queries use the
+      # canonical Loki label `job` so operators can paste `{job="xrpld"}`
+      # without guessing the otel-to-loki naming convention. Upsert the
+      # `job` resource attribute here so it round-trips through OTLP
+      # into Loki as the `job` label.
+      - key: job
+        value: xrpld
+        action: upsert
+
+connectors:
+  spanmetrics:
+    # Expose service.instance.id (node public key) as a Prometheus label so
+    # Grafana dashboards can filter metrics by individual node.
+    resource_metrics_key_attributes:
+      - service.instance.id
+    histogram:
+      explicit:
+        buckets: [1ms, 5ms, 10ms, 25ms, 50ms, 100ms, 250ms, 500ms, 1s, 5s]
+    dimensions:
+      - name: command
+      - name: rpc_status
+      - name: consensus_mode
+      - name: close_time_correct
+      - name: consensus_state
+      - name: local
+      - name: suppressed
+      - name: proposal_trusted
+      - name: validation_trusted
+      - name: tx_type
+      - name: ter_result
+      - name: txq_status
+      - name: load_type
+      - name: is_batch
+      # Consensus lifecycle dimensions (low cardinality, bounded value sets).
+      - name: mode_new
+      - name: consensus_stalled
+      - name: consensus_phase
+      - name: consensus_result
+      # gRPC surface dimensions (bounded: method names, role, status).
+      - name: method
+      - name: grpc_role
+      - name: grpc_status
+      # ledger.acquire dimensions (bounded: outcome, acquire reason).
+      - name: outcome
+      - name: acquire_reason
+
+exporters:
+  debug:
+    verbosity: detailed
+  otlp/tempo:
+    endpoint: tempo:4317
+    tls:
+      insecure: true
+  # Phase 8: Export logs to Grafana Loki via OTLP/HTTP. Loki 3.x supports
+  # native OTLP ingestion on its /otlp endpoint, replacing the removed
+  # loki exporter (dropped in otel-collector-contrib v0.147.0).
+  otlphttp/loki:
+    endpoint: http://loki:3100/otlp
+  prometheus:
+    endpoint: 0.0.0.0:8889
+
+service:
+  extensions: [health_check]
+  pipelines:
+    traces:
+      receivers: [otlp]
+      processors: [batch]
+      exporters: [debug, otlp/tempo, spanmetrics]
+    metrics:
+      receivers: [otlp, spanmetrics]
+      processors: [batch]
+      exporters: [prometheus]
+    # Phase 8: Log pipeline ingests xrpld debug.log via filelog receiver,
+    # batches entries, and exports to Loki for log-trace correlation.
+    logs:
+      receivers: [filelog]
+      processors: [resource/logs, batch]
+      exporters: [otlphttp/loki]

docker/telemetry/prometheus.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# Prometheus configuration for scraping spanmetrics from OTel Collector.
+global:
+  scrape_interval: 15s
+  evaluation_interval: 15s
+
+scrape_configs:
+  - job_name: otel-collector
+    static_configs:
+      - targets: ["otel-collector:8889"]

docker/telemetry/tempo.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+# Grafana Tempo configuration for xrpld telemetry stack.
+#
+# Runs in single-binary mode for local development.
+# Receives traces via OTLP/gRPC from the OTel Collector and stores
+# them locally. Queryable via Grafana Explore using the Tempo datasource.
+#
+# Search filters are configured on the Grafana datasource side
+# (grafana/provisioning/datasources/tempo.yaml). Tempo auto-indexes
+# all span attributes for search in single-binary mode.
+#
+# For production, replace local storage with S3/GCS backend and adjust
+# retention via the compactor settings. See:
+# https://grafana.com/docs/tempo/latest/configuration/
+
+stream_over_http_enabled: true
+
+server:
+  http_listen_port: 3200
+
+distributor:
+  receivers:
+    otlp:
+      protocols:
+        grpc:
+          endpoint: 0.0.0.0:4317
+
+ingester:
+  max_block_duration: 5m
+
+compactor:
+  compaction:
+    block_retention: 1h
+
+# Enable metrics generator for service graph and span metrics.
+# Produces RED metrics (rate, errors, duration) per service/span,
+# feeding Grafana's service map visualization.
+metrics_generator:
+  registry:
+    external_labels:
+      source: tempo
+  storage:
+    path: /var/tempo/generator/wal
+    # Uncomment and add a Prometheus service to docker-compose.yml
+    # to enable remote_write for service graph metrics:
+    # remote_write:
+    #   - url: http://prometheus:9090/api/v1/write
+
+overrides:
+  defaults:
+    metrics_generator:
+      processors:
+        - service-graphs
+        - span-metrics
+
+storage:
+  trace:
+    backend: local
+    wal:
+      path: /var/tempo/wal
+    local:
+      path: /var/tempo/blocks

docker/telemetry/validators-devnet.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# Devnet validator list configuration.
+#
+# Uses the Devnet validator list publisher operated by Ripple.
+# This fetches the current set of trusted validators for the
+# XRP Ledger Devnet automatically.
+
+[validator_list_sites]
+https://vl.devnet.rippletest.net
+
+[validator_list_keys]
+EDBB54B0D9AEE071BB37784AF5A9E7CC49AC7A0EFCE868C54532BCB966B9CFC13B

docker/telemetry/validators-mainnet.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# Mainnet validator list configuration.
+#
+# Uses the production XRPL validator list publishers operated by
+# Ripple and the XRPL Foundation. These fetch the current set of
+# trusted validators for XRPL Mainnet automatically.
+
+[validator_list_sites]
+https://vl.ripple.com
+https://unl.xrplf.org
+
+[validator_list_keys]
+# vl.ripple.com
+ED2677ABFFD1B33AC6FBC3062B71F1E8397C1505E1C42C64D11AD1B28FF73F4734
+# unl.xrplf.org
+ED42AEC58B701EEBB77356FFFEC26F83C1F0407263530F068C7C73D392C7E06FD1

docker/telemetry/workload/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,371 @@
+# Telemetry Workload Tools
+
+Synthetic workload generation and validation tools for xrpld's OpenTelemetry telemetry stack. These tools validate that all spans, metrics, dashboards, and log-trace correlation work end-to-end under controlled load.
+
+## Quick Start
+
+```bash
+# Build xrpld with telemetry enabled
+conan install . --build=missing -o telemetry=True
+cmake --preset default -Dtelemetry=ON
+cmake --build --preset default
+
+# Run full validation (starts everything, runs load, validates)
+docker/telemetry/workload/run-full-validation.sh --xrpld .build/xrpld
+
+# Cleanup when done
+docker/telemetry/workload/run-full-validation.sh --cleanup
+```
+
+## Architecture
+
+The validation suite runs a multi-node xrpld cluster as local processes alongside
+a Docker Compose telemetry stack. The cluster exercises consensus, peer-to-peer
+spans (proposals, validations), and all metric pipelines.
+
+```
+run-full-validation.sh (shell orchestrator)
+  |
+  |-- docker-compose.workload.yaml
+  |     |-- otel-collector (traces via OTLP + StatsD receiver)
+  |     |-- tempo (trace backend + TraceQL search API)
+  |     |-- prometheus (metrics scraping)
+  |     |-- grafana (dashboards, provisioned automatically)
+  |
+  |-- generate-validator-keys.sh
+  |     -> validator-keys.json, validators.txt
+  |
+  |-- Nx xrpld nodes (local processes, full telemetry)
+  |     - Each node: [telemetry] enabled=1, trace_rpc/consensus/transactions
+  |     - [signing_support] true (server-side signing for tx_submitter)
+  |     - Peer discovery via [ips] (not [ips_fixed]) for active peer counts
+  |
+  |-- workload_orchestrator.py (phased load execution)
+  |     |-- rpc_load_generator.py (WebSocket RPC traffic)
+  |     |-- tx_submitter.py (transaction diversity)
+  |     -> workload-report.json + per-phase reports
+  |
+  |-- validate_telemetry.py (pass/fail checks)
+  |     -> validation-report.json
+  |
+  |-- benchmark.sh (baseline vs telemetry comparison)
+        -> benchmark-report-*.md
+```
+
+## Workload Profiles
+
+The workload orchestrator (`workload_orchestrator.py`) reads named profiles
+from `workload-profiles.json` and executes sequential load phases. Within
+each phase, the RPC generator and TX submitter run concurrently.
+
+### Available Profiles
+
+| Profile           | Phases | Duration                     | Purpose                                                     |
+| ----------------- | ------ | ---------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `full-validation` | 6      | ~5 min + 1 min propagation   | Full 18-dashboard coverage with burst/idle/plateau patterns |
+| `quick-smoke`     | 1      | ~30s + 30s propagation       | Fast CI smoke test                                          |
+| `stress`          | 3      | ~3.5 min + 1 min propagation | Heavy sustained load for benchmarking                       |
+
+### full-validation Phases
+
+| Phase        | RPC Rate | TX TPS | Duration | Dashboard Coverage                              |
+| ------------ | -------- | ------ | -------- | ----------------------------------------------- |
+| warmup       | 5 RPS    | —      | 30s      | Node Health, Validator Health (baseline gauges) |
+| steady-state | 30 RPS   | 3 TPS  | 60s      | All dashboards (plateau data)                   |
+| rpc-burst    | 100 RPS  | —      | 30s      | Job Queue, RPC Performance (latency spikes)     |
+| tx-flood     | 5 RPS    | 20 TPS | 30s      | Fee Market & TxQ, Transaction Overview          |
+| mixed-peak   | 50 RPS   | 10 TPS | 60s      | Consensus Health, Ledger Operations             |
+| cooldown     | 5 RPS    | —      | 30s      | Recovery patterns, state transitions            |
+
+### Custom Profiles
+
+Add profiles to `workload-profiles.json`:
+
+```json
+{
+  "profiles": {
+    "my-custom": {
+      "description": "Custom profile for specific testing",
+      "phases": [
+        {
+          "name": "phase-name",
+          "description": "What this phase exercises",
+          "duration_sec": 60,
+          "rpc": { "rate": 50, "weights": { "server_info": 80, "fee": 20 } },
+          "tx": { "tps": 5, "weights": { "Payment": 100 } }
+        }
+      ],
+      "propagation_wait_sec": 30
+    }
+  }
+}
+```
+
+Set `"rpc"` or `"tx"` to `null` to skip that generator for a phase.
+Custom `"weights"` override the default command/transaction distribution.
+
+## Tools Reference
+
+### run-full-validation.sh
+
+Orchestrates the complete validation pipeline. Starts the telemetry stack, starts a multi-node xrpld cluster, generates load, and validates the results.
+
+```bash
+# Full validation with defaults (uses full-validation profile)
+./run-full-validation.sh --xrpld /path/to/xrpld
+
+# Quick smoke test
+./run-full-validation.sh --xrpld /path/to/xrpld --profile quick-smoke
+
+# Stress test with benchmarks
+./run-full-validation.sh --xrpld /path/to/xrpld --profile stress --with-benchmark
+
+# Skip Loki checks (if Phase 8 not deployed)
+./run-full-validation.sh --xrpld /path/to/xrpld --skip-loki
+```
+
+### workload_orchestrator.py
+
+Reads a named profile from `workload-profiles.json` and executes sequential
+load phases. Within each phase, `rpc_load_generator.py` and `tx_submitter.py`
+run as concurrent subprocesses. Produces per-phase reports and a combined
+summary.
+
+```bash
+# Run with a specific profile
+python3 workload_orchestrator.py --profile full-validation
+
+# Multiple endpoints
+python3 workload_orchestrator.py --profile full-validation \
+    --endpoints ws://localhost:6006 ws://localhost:6007
+
+# Save combined report
+python3 workload_orchestrator.py --profile stress --report /tmp/report.json
+```
+
+### rpc_load_generator.py
+
+Generates RPC traffic matching realistic production distribution. Uses
+xrpld's **native WebSocket command format** (`{"command": ...}`) with flat
+parameters — the same format as `tx_submitter.py`.
+
+- 40% health checks (server_info, fee)
+- 30% wallet queries (account_info, account_lines, account_objects)
+- 15% explorer queries (ledger, ledger_data)
+- 10% transaction lookups (tx, account_tx)
+- 5% DEX queries (book_offers, amm_info)
+
+```bash
+# Basic usage
+python3 rpc_load_generator.py --endpoints ws://localhost:6006 --rate 50 --duration 120
+
+# Multiple endpoints (round-robin)
+python3 rpc_load_generator.py \
+    --endpoints ws://localhost:6006 ws://localhost:6007 \
+    --rate 100 --duration 300
+
+# Custom weights
+python3 rpc_load_generator.py --endpoints ws://localhost:6006 \
+    --weights '{"server_info": 80, "account_info": 20}'
+```
+
+### tx_submitter.py
+
+Submits diverse transaction types to exercise the full span and metric surface.
+Uses xrpld's **native WebSocket command format** (`{"command": ...}`) rather
+than JSON-RPC format. The response payload is inside the `"result"` key, with
+`"status"` at the top level.
+
+Supported transaction types:
+
+- Payment (XRP transfers) — exercises `tx.process`, `tx.receive`, `tx.apply`
+- OfferCreate / OfferCancel (DEX activity)
+- TrustSet (trust line creation)
+- NFTokenMint / NFTokenCreateOffer (NFT activity)
+- EscrowCreate / EscrowFinish (escrow lifecycle)
+- AMMCreate / AMMDeposit (AMM pool operations)
+
+Requires `[signing_support] true` in the node config for server-side signing.
+
+```bash
+# Basic usage
+python3 tx_submitter.py --endpoint ws://localhost:6006 --tps 5 --duration 120
+
+# Custom mix
+python3 tx_submitter.py --endpoint ws://localhost:6006 \
+    --weights '{"Payment": 60, "OfferCreate": 20, "TrustSet": 20}'
+```
+
+### validate_telemetry.py
+
+Automated validation that all expected telemetry data exists. Every metric and span is required — if it doesn't fire, the validation fails.
+
+- **Span validation**: All span types from `expected_spans.json` with required attributes and parent-child hierarchies
+- **Metric validation**: All metrics from `expected_metrics.json` — SpanMetrics, StatsD gauges/counters/histograms, Phase 9 OTLP metrics. Every listed metric must have > 0 series. Uses the Prometheus `/api/v1/series` endpoint (not instant queries) to avoid false negatives from stale gauges.
+- **Log-trace correlation**: trace_id/span_id in Loki logs (requires Loki)
+- **Dashboard validation**: All 10 Grafana dashboards load with panels
+
+```bash
+# Run all validations
+python3 validate_telemetry.py --report /tmp/report.json
+
+# Skip Loki checks
+python3 validate_telemetry.py --skip-loki --report /tmp/report.json
+```
+
+### OTel Timings Regression Gate
+
+`capture_timings.py` + `compare_to_baseline.py` implement a regression gate
+that compares OTel-derived per-span/per-RPC/per-job timings against a
+committed baseline. Unlike `benchmark.sh` (which measures the overhead of
+enabling telemetry on the current binary), this gate catches **xrpld
+performance regressions over time** by diffing against a stored baseline
+from a prior run.
+
+How it runs inside the validation pipeline:
+
+1. `run-full-validation.sh` executes the normal workload and validation suite.
+2. After validation, `capture_timings.py` queries Prometheus for every
+   metric in `regression-metrics.json` and writes `reports/timings.json`.
+3. `compare_to_baseline.py` reads `timings.json`,
+   `baselines/baseline-timings.json`, and `regression-thresholds.json`,
+   then either:
+   - Prints the paste-me JSON block (when the baseline is a placeholder
+     or empty) and exits 0.
+   - Prints a delta table, writes `reports/regression-report.json`, and
+     exits non-zero if any metric breached both the percentage AND
+     absolute bound.
+
+Bootstrapping a baseline:
+
+1. Push the branch. The `Telemetry Validation` CI run prints the full
+   timings JSON under "Paste into `baselines/baseline-timings.json`" in
+   the workflow Step Summary.
+2. Open a PR copying that JSON block verbatim into
+   `baselines/baseline-timings.json`. Reviewer approval is the audit gate.
+3. Subsequent runs compare against it; the gate fails on regression.
+
+Per-run tuning:
+
+- `--skip-regression` disables the gate (local exploration only).
+- `REGRESSION_WINDOW` env var overrides the default Prometheus `rate()`
+  window (`3m`). Keep close to the workload duration.
+- Metric surface lives in `regression-metrics.json`; thresholds in
+  `regression-thresholds.json`; both are reviewed changes.
+
+See [`baselines/README.md`](./baselines/README.md) for the baseline
+lifecycle and refresh process.
+
+### benchmark.sh
+
+Compares baseline (no telemetry) vs telemetry-enabled performance:
+
+```bash
+./benchmark.sh --xrpld /path/to/xrpld --duration 300
+```
+
+Thresholds (configurable via environment):
+
+| Metric            | Threshold | Env Variable                |
+| ----------------- | --------- | --------------------------- |
+| CPU overhead      | < 3%      | BENCH_CPU_OVERHEAD_PCT      |
+| Memory overhead   | < 5MB     | BENCH_MEM_OVERHEAD_MB       |
+| RPC p99 latency   | < 2ms     | BENCH_RPC_LATENCY_IMPACT_MS |
+| Throughput impact | < 5%      | BENCH_TPS_IMPACT_PCT        |
+| Consensus impact  | < 1%      | BENCH_CONSENSUS_IMPACT_PCT  |
+
+## Reading Validation Reports
+
+The validation report (`validation-report.json`) is structured as:
+
+```json
+{
+  "summary": {
+    "total": 45,
+    "passed": 42,
+    "failed": 3,
+    "all_passed": false
+  },
+  "checks": [
+    {
+      "name": "span.rpc.request",
+      "category": "span",
+      "passed": true,
+      "message": "rpc.request: 15 traces found",
+      "details": { "trace_count": 15 }
+    }
+  ]
+}
+```
+
+Categories:
+
+- **span**: Span type existence and attribute validation
+- **metric**: Prometheus metric existence
+- **log**: Log-trace correlation checks
+- **dashboard**: Grafana dashboard accessibility
+
+## CI Integration
+
+The validation runs as a GitHub Actions workflow (`.github/workflows/telemetry-validation.yml`):
+
+- Triggered manually or on pushes to telemetry branches
+- Builds xrpld, starts the full stack, runs load, validates
+- Uploads reports as artifacts
+- Posts summary to PR
+
+## Configuration Files
+
+| File                              | Purpose                                                       |
+| --------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `workload-profiles.json`          | Named load profiles with phase definitions                    |
+| `expected_spans.json`             | Span inventory (names, attributes, hierarchies, config flags) |
+| `expected_metrics.json`           | Metric inventory — every listed metric must be present        |
+| `test_accounts.json`              | Test account roles (keys generated at runtime)                |
+| `regression-metrics.json`         | Metric surface for the OTel regression gate                   |
+| `regression-thresholds.json`      | Per-metric regression bounds (pct AND abs)                    |
+| `baselines/baseline-timings.json` | Committed baseline — populated from first CI run              |
+| `requirements.txt`                | Python dependencies                                           |
+
+### expected_metrics.json Format
+
+```json
+{
+  "category_name": {
+    "description": "Human-readable description.",
+    "metrics": ["metric_1", "metric_2"]
+  }
+}
+```
+
+Every metric listed must produce > 0 Prometheus series during the validation run. If a metric doesn't fire, the workload generators need to produce enough load to trigger it.
+
+### expected_spans.json Format
+
+Each span entry defines its name, category, parent (for hierarchy validation),
+required attributes, and the `config_flag` that must be enabled:
+
+```json
+{
+  "name": "rpc.request",
+  "category": "rpc",
+  "parent": null,
+  "required_attributes": ["rpc.method", "rpc.grpc.status_code"],
+  "config_flag": "trace_rpc"
+}
+```
+
+## Node Configuration Notes
+
+The orchestrator (`run-full-validation.sh`) generates node configs with:
+
+- `[telemetry] enabled=1` with all trace categories (`trace_rpc`, `trace_consensus`, `trace_transactions`)
+- `[signing_support] true` — required for `tx_submitter.py` to submit signed transactions via WebSocket
+- `[ips]` (not `[ips_fixed]`) — ensures peer connections are counted in `Peer_Finder_Active_Inbound/Outbound_Peers` metrics (fixed peers are excluded from these counters by design)
+
+## StatsD Gauge Behaviour
+
+Beast::insight StatsD gauges only emit when their value _changes_ from the previous sample. This can cause two problems in the validation environment:
+
+1. **Initial-zero gauges** — if a gauge value is 0 from startup and never changes, the gauge would never emit. To address this, `StatsDGaugeImpl` initializes `m_dirty = true`, ensuring the first flush always emits the initial value.
+2. **Stale gauges** — once a gauge stabilizes (e.g., peer count stays at 1), it stops emitting new data points. Prometheus marks it stale after ~5 minutes. The validation script uses the Prometheus `/api/v1/series` endpoint instead of instant queries to catch such gauges.

docker/telemetry/workload/baselines/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+# Performance Baselines
+
+This directory holds the committed baseline file used by the OTel-driven regression gate.
+
+## How the gate works
+
+After the validation suite runs, `capture_timings.py` queries Prometheus for the timings
+declared in [`../regression-metrics.json`](../regression-metrics.json) and writes a
+`timings.json`. Then `compare_to_baseline.py` reads [`baseline-timings.json`](./baseline-timings.json),
+[`../regression-thresholds.json`](../regression-thresholds.json), and the captured
+`timings.json`. The comparator picks one of two modes automatically:
+
+- **Placeholder baseline** (`"placeholder": true` or empty `metrics`): the comparator
+  prints the captured timings JSON in exactly the format expected for this file, then
+  exits 0 without gating. This is how we bootstrap the baseline.
+- **Populated baseline**: the comparator diffs per-metric, enforces the thresholds
+  (regression = current exceeds baseline on BOTH the percentage AND absolute bound),
+  and exits non-zero on any regression.
+
+The regression gate runs against whatever workload profile `run-full-validation.sh`
+was invoked with. Capture and comparison are profile-agnostic — they only read
+Prometheus — so all existing profiles (`full-validation`, `quick-smoke`, `stress`)
+continue to work unchanged.
+
+## Bootstrapping the baseline
+
+1. Merge a CI run with a `"placeholder": true` baseline. The telemetry-validation
+   workflow runs, fails no gate, and prints the captured timings block to the workflow
+   Step Summary under the heading `### Paste into baselines/baseline-timings.json`.
+2. Open a new PR. Copy the full JSON block from the Step Summary (or download the
+   `timings.json` artifact) into this file, replacing the placeholder contents. The
+   JSON is emitted in the exact byte-for-byte format this file expects — sorted keys,
+   2-space indent, trailing newline.
+3. The committed baseline PR needs reviewer approval just like any other code change.
+   This is the primary audit point for "who moved the performance bar."
+
+## Refreshing the baseline
+
+Refresh when a legitimate performance change lands on `develop` (for example, a
+deliberate rewrite that changes a span's structure). The process is identical to
+bootstrapping: run CI with the current baseline, inspect the delta, and if the
+new numbers should become the norm, open a PR pasting the fresh timings into
+`baseline-timings.json`. The reviewer decides whether the new baseline is acceptable.
+
+Do **not** edit `baseline-timings.json` by hand outside of this process — every entry
+should trace back to a real CI run so variance characteristics are preserved.
+
+## Schema
+
+```json
+{
+  "schema_version": 1,
+  "captured_at": "2026-04-24T17:30:00Z",
+  "window": "3m",
+  "git_sha": "<SHA of the commit that produced these numbers>",
+  "profile": "<workload profile used>",
+  "metrics": {
+    "span.tx.process.p99": { "value": 12.4, "unit": "ms" },
+    "rpc.server_info.p95": { "value": 850.0, "unit": "us" },
+    "job.transaction.queued.p95": { "value": 1500.0, "unit": "us" }
+  }
+}
+```
+
+Placeholder baselines additionally include `"placeholder": true`. The comparator
+detects this field (or an empty `metrics` object) to switch into "populate" mode
+instead of enforcing thresholds. Remove the `placeholder` key when pasting real
+captured timings.
+
+Missing metrics (value `null`) in a captured run do not count as regressions — they
+are reported separately in `regression-report.json` under `missing_in_current`.
+This keeps the gate robust when a profile doesn't exercise every span on every run.

docker/telemetry/workload/baselines/baseline-timings.json

@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+{
+  "captured_at": "2026-04-24T18:58:51Z",
+  "git_sha": "f11ebc1253cfed8bc2a80647ceead1a17d73f1d8",
+  "metrics": {
+    "job.acceptLedger.queued.p95": {
+      "unit": "us",
+      "value": 64.04761904761904
+    },
+    "job.acceptLedger.running.p95": {
+      "unit": "us",
+      "value": 2494.718309859155
+    },
+    "job.transaction.queued.p95": {
+      "unit": "us",
+      "value": 325.86206896551664
+    },
+    "job.transaction.running.p95": {
+      "unit": "us",
+      "value": 246.37440758293837
+    },
+    "span.consensus.accept.p50": {
+      "unit": "ms",
+      "value": 0.5
+    },
+    "span.consensus.accept.p95": {
+      "unit": "ms",
+      "value": 0.9500000000000001
+    },
+    "span.consensus.accept.p99": {
+      "unit": "ms",
+      "value": 0.99
+    },
+    "span.consensus.ledger_close.p50": {
+      "unit": "ms",
+      "value": 0.5016949152542373
+    },
+    "span.consensus.ledger_close.p95": {
+      "unit": "ms",
+      "value": 0.9532203389830508
+    },
+    "span.consensus.ledger_close.p99": {
+      "unit": "ms",
+      "value": 0.9933559322033899
+    },
+    "span.ledger.build.p50": {
+      "unit": "ms",
+      "value": 0.5227272727272728
+    },
+    "span.ledger.build.p95": {
+      "unit": "ms",
+      "value": 0.9931818181818184
+    },
+    "span.ledger.build.p99": {
+      "unit": "ms",
+      "value": 4.079999999999999
+    },
+    "span.ledger.store.p50": {
+      "unit": "ms",
+      "value": 0.5
+    },
+    "span.ledger.store.p95": {
+      "unit": "ms",
+      "value": 0.9499999999999998
+    },
+    "span.ledger.store.p99": {
+      "unit": "ms",
+      "value": 0.99
+    },
+    "span.ledger.validate.p50": {
+      "unit": "ms",
+      "value": 0.5016891891891893
+    },
+    "span.ledger.validate.p95": {
+      "unit": "ms",
+      "value": 0.9532094594594595
+    },
+    "span.ledger.validate.p99": {
+      "unit": "ms",
+      "value": 0.9933445945945946
+    },
+    "span.rpc.process.p50": {
+      "unit": "ms",
+      "value": null
+    },
+    "span.rpc.process.p95": {
+      "unit": "ms",
+      "value": null
+    },
+    "span.rpc.process.p99": {
+      "unit": "ms",
+      "value": null
+    },
+    "span.rpc.request.p50": {
+      "unit": "ms",
+      "value": null
+    },
+    "span.rpc.request.p95": {
+      "unit": "ms",
+      "value": null
+    },
+    "span.rpc.request.p99": {
+      "unit": "ms",
+      "value": null
+    },
+    "span.tx.apply.p50": {
+      "unit": "ms",
+      "value": 0.5173010380622838
+    },
+    "span.tx.apply.p95": {
+      "unit": "ms",
+      "value": 0.9828719723183392
+    },
+    "span.tx.apply.p99": {
+      "unit": "ms",
+      "value": 3.8039999999999976
+    },
+    "span.tx.process.p50": {
+      "unit": "ms",
+      "value": 0.5
+    },
+    "span.tx.process.p95": {
+      "unit": "ms",
+      "value": 0.95
+    },
+    "span.tx.process.p99": {
+      "unit": "ms",
+      "value": 0.99
+    }
+  },
+  "profile": "full-validation",
+  "schema_version": 1,
+  "window": "3m"
+}

docker/telemetry/workload/benchmark.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,397 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# benchmark.sh — Performance benchmark for rippled telemetry overhead.
+#
+# Runs two identical workloads against a rippled cluster:
+#   1. Baseline: telemetry disabled ([telemetry] enabled=0)
+#   2. Telemetry: full telemetry enabled (traces + StatsD + all categories)
+#
+# Compares CPU, memory, RPC latency, TPS, and consensus round time.
+# Outputs a Markdown table with pass/fail against configured thresholds.
+#
+# Usage:
+#   ./benchmark.sh --xrpld /path/to/xrpld --duration 300
+#
+# Thresholds (configurable via environment variables):
+#   BENCH_CPU_OVERHEAD_PCT=3       CPU overhead < 3%
+#   BENCH_MEM_OVERHEAD_MB=5        Memory overhead < 5MB
+#   BENCH_RPC_LATENCY_IMPACT_MS=2  RPC p99 latency impact < 2ms
+#   BENCH_TPS_IMPACT_PCT=5         Throughput impact < 5%
+#   BENCH_CONSENSUS_IMPACT_PCT=1   Consensus round time impact < 1%
+
+set -euo pipefail
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Colored output helpers
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+log() { printf "\033[1;34m[BENCH]\033[0m  %s\n" "$*"; }
+ok() { printf "\033[1;32m[BENCH]\033[0m  %s\n" "$*"; }
+warn() { printf "\033[1;33m[BENCH]\033[0m  %s\n" "$*"; }
+fail() { printf "\033[1;31m[BENCH]\033[0m  %s\n" "$*"; }
+die() {
+    printf "\033[1;31m[BENCH]\033[0m  %s\n" "$*" >&2
+    exit 1
+}
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Defaults and thresholds
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
+REPO_ROOT="$(cd "$SCRIPT_DIR/../../.." && pwd)"
+
+# Configurable thresholds via environment variables.
+CPU_THRESHOLD="${BENCH_CPU_OVERHEAD_PCT:-3}"
+MEM_THRESHOLD="${BENCH_MEM_OVERHEAD_MB:-5}"
+RPC_THRESHOLD="${BENCH_RPC_LATENCY_IMPACT_MS:-2}"
+TPS_THRESHOLD="${BENCH_TPS_IMPACT_PCT:-5}"
+CONSENSUS_THRESHOLD="${BENCH_CONSENSUS_IMPACT_PCT:-1}"
+
+XRPLD="${BENCH_XRPLD:-$REPO_ROOT/.build/xrpld}"
+DURATION=300
+NUM_NODES=3
+WORKDIR="/tmp/xrpld-benchmark"
+RESULTS_DIR="$SCRIPT_DIR/benchmark-results"
+RPC_PORT_BASE=5020
+PEER_PORT_BASE=51250
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Argument parsing
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+usage() {
+    echo "Usage: $0 [OPTIONS]"
+    echo ""
+    echo "Options:"
+    echo "  --xrpld PATH      Path to xrpld binary (default: \$REPO_ROOT/.build/xrpld)"
+    echo "  --duration SECS   Benchmark duration per run (default: 300)"
+    echo "  --nodes NUM       Number of validator nodes (default: 3)"
+    echo "  --output DIR      Results output directory"
+    echo "  -h, --help        Show this help"
+    exit 0
+}
+
+while [ $# -gt 0 ]; do
+    case "$1" in
+        --xrpld)
+            XRPLD="$2"
+            shift 2
+            ;;
+        --duration)
+            DURATION="$2"
+            shift 2
+            ;;
+        --nodes)
+            NUM_NODES="$2"
+            shift 2
+            ;;
+        --output)
+            RESULTS_DIR="$2"
+            shift 2
+            ;;
+        -h | --help) usage ;;
+        *) die "Unknown option: $1" ;;
+    esac
+done
+
+# Validate prerequisites.
+[ -x "$XRPLD" ] || die "xrpld not found at $XRPLD"
+command -v jq >/dev/null 2>&1 || die "jq not found"
+command -v bc >/dev/null 2>&1 || die "bc not found"
+command -v curl >/dev/null 2>&1 || die "curl not found"
+
+mkdir -p "$RESULTS_DIR"
+TIMESTAMP=$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S)
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Node cluster management
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+start_cluster() {
+    local telemetry_enabled="$1"
+    local label="$2"
+
+    log "Starting $NUM_NODES-node cluster ($label, telemetry=$telemetry_enabled)..."
+
+    rm -rf "$WORKDIR"
+    mkdir -p "$WORKDIR"
+
+    # Generate keys using first node.
+    bash "$SCRIPT_DIR/generate-validator-keys.sh" "$XRPLD" "$NUM_NODES" "$WORKDIR"
+
+    # Build per-node configs.
+    for i in $(seq 1 "$NUM_NODES"); do
+        local node_dir="$WORKDIR/node$i"
+        mkdir -p "$node_dir/nudb" "$node_dir/db"
+
+        local rpc_port
+        rpc_port=$((RPC_PORT_BASE + i - 1))
+        local peer_port
+        peer_port=$((PEER_PORT_BASE + i - 1))
+        local seed
+        seed=$(jq -r ".[$((i - 1))].seed" "$WORKDIR/validator-keys.json")
+
+        # Build ips_fixed list.
+        local ips_fixed=""
+        for j in $(seq 1 "$NUM_NODES"); do
+            if [ "$j" -ne "$i" ]; then
+                ips_fixed="${ips_fixed}127.0.0.1 $((PEER_PORT_BASE + j - 1))
+"
+            fi
+        done
+
+        # Build telemetry section.
+        local telemetry_section=""
+        if [ "$telemetry_enabled" = "1" ]; then
+            telemetry_section="
+[telemetry]
+enabled=1
+service_instance_id=bench-node-${i}
+endpoint=http://localhost:4318/v1/traces
+exporter=otlp_http
+sampling_ratio=1.0
+batch_size=512
+batch_delay_ms=2000
+max_queue_size=2048
+trace_rpc=1
+trace_transactions=1
+trace_consensus=1
+trace_peer=1
+trace_ledger=1
+
+[insight]
+server=statsd
+address=127.0.0.1:8125
+prefix=rippled"
+        else
+            telemetry_section="
+[telemetry]
+enabled=0"
+        fi
+
+        cat >"$node_dir/xrpld.cfg" <<EOCFG
+[server]
+port_rpc
+port_peer
+
+[port_rpc]
+port = $rpc_port
+ip = 127.0.0.1
+admin = 127.0.0.1
+protocol = http
+
+[port_peer]
+port = $peer_port
+ip = 0.0.0.0
+protocol = peer
+
+[node_db]
+type=NuDB
+path=$node_dir/nudb
+online_delete=256
+
+[database_path]
+$node_dir/db
+
+[debug_logfile]
+$node_dir/debug.log
+
+[validation_seed]
+$seed
+
+[validators_file]
+$WORKDIR/validators.txt
+
+[ips_fixed]
+${ips_fixed}
+[peer_private]
+1
+${telemetry_section}
+
+[rpc_startup]
+{ "command": "log_level", "severity": "warning" }
+
+[ssl_verify]
+0
+EOCFG
+
+        "$XRPLD" --conf "$node_dir/xrpld.cfg" --start >"$node_dir/stdout.log" 2>&1 &
+        echo $! >"$node_dir/xrpld.pid"
+    done
+
+    # Wait for consensus.
+    log "Waiting for consensus..."
+    for attempt in $(seq 1 120); do
+        local ready=0
+        for i in $(seq 1 "$NUM_NODES"); do
+            local port
+            port=$((RPC_PORT_BASE + i - 1))
+            local state
+            state=$(curl -sf "http://localhost:$port" \
+                -d '{"method":"server_info"}' 2>/dev/null |
+                jq -r '.result.info.server_state' 2>/dev/null || echo "")
+            if [ "$state" = "proposing" ]; then
+                ready=$((ready + 1))
+            fi
+        done
+        if [ "$ready" -ge "$NUM_NODES" ]; then
+            ok "All $NUM_NODES nodes proposing (attempt $attempt)"
+            break
+        fi
+        if [ "$attempt" -eq 120 ]; then
+            warn "Consensus timeout — $ready/$NUM_NODES nodes ready"
+        fi
+        sleep 1
+    done
+
+    # Let the cluster stabilize.
+    sleep 5
+}
+
+stop_cluster() {
+    log "Stopping cluster..."
+    for i in $(seq 1 "$NUM_NODES"); do
+        local pidfile="$WORKDIR/node$i/xrpld.pid"
+        if [ -f "$pidfile" ]; then
+            kill "$(cat "$pidfile")" 2>/dev/null || true
+        fi
+    done
+    pkill -f "$WORKDIR" 2>/dev/null || true
+    sleep 3
+}
+
+# Build RPC ports CSV string.
+rpc_ports_csv() {
+    local ports=""
+    for i in $(seq 1 "$NUM_NODES"); do
+        [ -n "$ports" ] && ports="$ports,"
+        ports="$ports$((RPC_PORT_BASE + i - 1))"
+    done
+    echo "$ports"
+}
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Run benchmark
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+log "="
+log "  rippled Telemetry Performance Benchmark"
+log "  Nodes: $NUM_NODES | Duration: ${DURATION}s | Binary: $XRPLD"
+log "="
+
+# --- Baseline run ---
+BASELINE_FILE="$RESULTS_DIR/baseline-${TIMESTAMP}.json"
+start_cluster "0" "baseline"
+bash "$SCRIPT_DIR/collect_system_metrics.sh" "$(rpc_ports_csv)" "$DURATION" "$BASELINE_FILE"
+stop_cluster
+
+# --- Telemetry run ---
+TELEMETRY_FILE="$RESULTS_DIR/telemetry-${TIMESTAMP}.json"
+start_cluster "1" "telemetry"
+bash "$SCRIPT_DIR/collect_system_metrics.sh" "$(rpc_ports_csv)" "$DURATION" "$TELEMETRY_FILE"
+stop_cluster
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Compare results
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+log "Comparing results..."
+
+read_metric() {
+    local file="$1"
+    local key="$2"
+    jq -r ".$key // 0" "$file"
+}
+
+BASE_CPU=$(read_metric "$BASELINE_FILE" "cpu_pct_avg")
+TELE_CPU=$(read_metric "$TELEMETRY_FILE" "cpu_pct_avg")
+CPU_DELTA=$(echo "scale=2; $TELE_CPU - $BASE_CPU" | bc 2>/dev/null || echo "0")
+
+BASE_MEM=$(read_metric "$BASELINE_FILE" "memory_rss_mb_peak")
+TELE_MEM=$(read_metric "$TELEMETRY_FILE" "memory_rss_mb_peak")
+MEM_DELTA=$(echo "scale=2; $TELE_MEM - $BASE_MEM" | bc 2>/dev/null || echo "0")
+
+BASE_RPC=$(read_metric "$BASELINE_FILE" "rpc_p99_ms")
+TELE_RPC=$(read_metric "$TELEMETRY_FILE" "rpc_p99_ms")
+RPC_DELTA=$(echo "scale=2; $TELE_RPC - $BASE_RPC" | bc 2>/dev/null || echo "0")
+
+BASE_TPS=$(read_metric "$BASELINE_FILE" "tps")
+TELE_TPS=$(read_metric "$TELEMETRY_FILE" "tps")
+if [[ "$(echo "$BASE_TPS > 0" | bc 2>/dev/null)" = "1" ]]; then
+    TPS_IMPACT=$(echo "scale=2; ($BASE_TPS - $TELE_TPS) / $BASE_TPS * 100" | bc 2>/dev/null || echo "0")
+else
+    TPS_IMPACT="0"
+fi
+
+BASE_CONS=$(read_metric "$BASELINE_FILE" "consensus_round_p95_ms")
+TELE_CONS=$(read_metric "$TELEMETRY_FILE" "consensus_round_p95_ms")
+if [[ "$(echo "$BASE_CONS > 0" | bc 2>/dev/null)" = "1" ]]; then
+    CONS_IMPACT=$(echo "scale=2; ($TELE_CONS - $BASE_CONS) / $BASE_CONS * 100" | bc 2>/dev/null || echo "0")
+else
+    CONS_IMPACT="0"
+fi
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Pass/fail checks
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+PASS_COUNT=0
+FAIL_COUNT=0
+
+check_threshold() {
+    local name="$1"
+    local actual="$2"
+    local threshold="$3"
+    local unit="$4"
+
+    # Compare: actual <= threshold
+    if [[ "$(echo "$actual <= $threshold" | bc 2>/dev/null)" = "1" ]]; then
+        ok "$name: ${actual}${unit} <= ${threshold}${unit} PASS"
+        PASS_COUNT=$((PASS_COUNT + 1))
+        echo "PASS"
+    else
+        fail "$name: ${actual}${unit} > ${threshold}${unit} FAIL"
+        FAIL_COUNT=$((FAIL_COUNT + 1))
+        echo "FAIL"
+    fi
+}
+
+CPU_RESULT=$(check_threshold "CPU overhead" "$CPU_DELTA" "$CPU_THRESHOLD" "%")
+MEM_RESULT=$(check_threshold "Memory overhead" "$MEM_DELTA" "$MEM_THRESHOLD" "MB")
+RPC_RESULT=$(check_threshold "RPC p99 impact" "$RPC_DELTA" "$RPC_THRESHOLD" "ms")
+TPS_RESULT=$(check_threshold "TPS impact" "$TPS_IMPACT" "$TPS_THRESHOLD" "%")
+CONS_RESULT=$(check_threshold "Consensus impact" "$CONS_IMPACT" "$CONSENSUS_THRESHOLD" "%")
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Output Markdown table
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+REPORT_FILE="$RESULTS_DIR/benchmark-report-${TIMESTAMP}.md"
+
+cat >"$REPORT_FILE" <<EOMD
+# Telemetry Performance Benchmark Report
+
+**Date**: $(date -u +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S UTC")
+**Nodes**: $NUM_NODES | **Duration**: ${DURATION}s per run
+**Binary**: $XRPLD
+
+## Results
+
+| Metric | Baseline | Telemetry | Delta | Threshold | Result |
+|--------|----------|-----------|-------|-----------|--------|
+| CPU (avg %) | ${BASE_CPU}% | ${TELE_CPU}% | ${CPU_DELTA}% | < ${CPU_THRESHOLD}% | ${CPU_RESULT} |
+| Memory RSS (peak MB) | ${BASE_MEM} MB | ${TELE_MEM} MB | ${MEM_DELTA} MB | < ${MEM_THRESHOLD} MB | ${MEM_RESULT} |
+| RPC p99 Latency (ms) | ${BASE_RPC} ms | ${TELE_RPC} ms | ${RPC_DELTA} ms | < ${RPC_THRESHOLD} ms | ${RPC_RESULT} |
+| Throughput (TPS) | ${BASE_TPS} | ${TELE_TPS} | ${TPS_IMPACT}% | < ${TPS_THRESHOLD}% | ${TPS_RESULT} |
+| Consensus Round p95 (ms) | ${BASE_CONS} ms | ${TELE_CONS} ms | ${CONS_IMPACT}% | < ${CONSENSUS_THRESHOLD}% | ${CONS_RESULT} |
+
+## Summary
+
+- **Passed**: $PASS_COUNT / $((PASS_COUNT + FAIL_COUNT))
+- **Failed**: $FAIL_COUNT / $((PASS_COUNT + FAIL_COUNT))
+
+## Raw Data
+
+- Baseline: \`$(basename "$BASELINE_FILE")\`
+- Telemetry: \`$(basename "$TELEMETRY_FILE")\`
+EOMD
+
+ok "Benchmark report written to $REPORT_FILE"
+cat "$REPORT_FILE"
+
+# Exit with failure if any check failed.
+if [ "$FAIL_COUNT" -gt 0 ]; then
+    exit 1
+fi

docker/telemetry/workload/capture_timings.py

@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""Capture OTel-derived timings from Prometheus for the regression gate.
+
+Queries Prometheus for every metric declared in ``regression-metrics.json``
+and writes the results to a JSON file in the exact schema
+``baseline-timings.json`` expects. When a user wants to refresh the
+baseline, they copy a CI run's ``timings.json`` artifact (or the block
+printed to the workflow step summary) into
+``baselines/baseline-timings.json`` in a reviewable PR.
+
+Output schema (stable — ``compare_to_baseline.py`` reads it verbatim)::
+
+    {
+        "schema_version": 1,
+        "captured_at": "2026-04-24T17:30:00Z",
+        "window": "3m",
+        "git_sha": "<from $GITHUB_SHA or `git rev-parse HEAD`>",
+        "profile": "regression",
+        "metrics": {
+            "span.tx.process.p99": {"value": 12.4, "unit": "ms"},
+            "rpc.server_info.p95": {"value": 850.0, "unit": "us"},
+            ...
+        }
+    }
+
+Usage::
+
+    python3 capture_timings.py \\
+        --prometheus http://localhost:9090 \\
+        --metrics regression-metrics.json \\
+        --output /tmp/timings.json \\
+        --window 3m \\
+        --profile regression
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import argparse
+import asyncio
+import json
+import logging
+import os
+import subprocess
+import sys
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import aiohttp
+
+from prom_queries import build_query_plan, run_query_plan
+
+logger = logging.getLogger("capture_timings")
+
+SCHEMA_VERSION = 1
+
+
+async def capture(
+    prom_url: str,
+    metrics_path: Path,
+    window: str,
+    profile: str,
+) -> dict:
+    """Build and execute the query plan, return the full report dict."""
+    plan = build_query_plan(metrics_path, window=window)
+    logger.info("Capturing %d metrics from %s (window=%s)", len(plan), prom_url, window)
+
+    async with aiohttp.ClientSession() as session:
+        metrics = await run_query_plan(session, prom_url, plan)
+
+    return {
+        "schema_version": SCHEMA_VERSION,
+        "captured_at": datetime.now(timezone.utc).strftime("%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ"),
+        "window": window,
+        "git_sha": _detect_git_sha(),
+        "profile": profile,
+        "metrics": dict(sorted(metrics.items())),
+    }
+
+
+def _detect_git_sha() -> str:
+    """Return the current commit SHA from env or git, else ``"unknown"``.
+
+    Prefers ``GITHUB_SHA`` (set in Actions), falls back to ``git rev-parse``.
+    Silent fallback is fine here — a missing SHA only affects the captured
+    metadata, not the comparison logic.
+    """
+    env_sha = os.environ.get("GITHUB_SHA")
+    if env_sha:
+        return env_sha
+    try:
+        result = subprocess.run(
+            ["git", "rev-parse", "HEAD"],
+            capture_output=True,
+            text=True,
+            timeout=5,
+            check=False,
+        )
+        if result.returncode == 0:
+            return result.stdout.strip()
+    except (OSError, subprocess.SubprocessError):
+        pass
+    return "unknown"
+
+
+def main() -> int:
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=__doc__)
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--prometheus",
+        default="http://localhost:9090",
+        help="Prometheus base URL (default: http://localhost:9090)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--metrics",
+        type=Path,
+        default=Path(__file__).parent / "regression-metrics.json",
+        help="Path to regression-metrics.json",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--output",
+        type=Path,
+        required=True,
+        help="Where to write the captured timings JSON",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--window",
+        default="3m",
+        help="Prometheus rate() window (default: 3m)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--profile",
+        default="regression",
+        help="Workload profile used during capture (metadata only)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--min-capture-ratio",
+        type=float,
+        default=0.5,
+        help="Fail if fewer than this fraction of metrics are captured (default: 0.5)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--verbose",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Enable debug logging",
+    )
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+
+    logging.basicConfig(
+        level=logging.DEBUG if args.verbose else logging.INFO,
+        format="%(levelname)s %(name)s: %(message)s",
+    )
+
+    report = asyncio.run(
+        capture(
+            prom_url=args.prometheus,
+            metrics_path=args.metrics,
+            window=args.window,
+            profile=args.profile,
+        )
+    )
+
+    args.output.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    with open(args.output, "w") as f:
+        json.dump(report, f, indent=2, sort_keys=True)
+        f.write("\n")
+
+    captured = sum(1 for v in report["metrics"].values() if v["value"] is not None)
+    total = len(report["metrics"])
+    logger.info("Wrote %s (%d/%d metrics captured)", args.output, captured, total)
+
+    if total > 0 and (captured / total) < args.min_capture_ratio:
+        logger.error(
+            "Only %d/%d (%.0f%%) metrics captured — below the %.0f%% minimum. "
+            "Is Prometheus reachable at %s?",
+            captured,
+            total,
+            captured / total * 100,
+            args.min_capture_ratio * 100,
+            args.prometheus,
+        )
+        return 1
+    return 0
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    sys.exit(main())

docker/telemetry/workload/collect_system_metrics.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,236 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# collect_system_metrics.sh — Collect CPU, memory, and RPC latency metrics
+# from running xrpld nodes for benchmark comparison.
+#
+# Samples system metrics at regular intervals and writes a JSON summary.
+# Used by benchmark.sh for baseline vs telemetry comparison.
+#
+# Usage:
+#   ./collect_system_metrics.sh <rpc_ports_csv> <duration_seconds> <output_file>
+#
+# Example:
+#   ./collect_system_metrics.sh "5005,5006,5007" 300 /tmp/metrics-baseline.json
+#
+# Output JSON format:
+#   {
+#     "cpu_pct_avg": 12.5,
+#     "memory_rss_mb_peak": 450.2,
+#     "rpc_p99_ms": 15.3,
+#     "tps": 4.8,
+#     "consensus_round_p95_ms": 3200,
+#     "samples": 60
+#   }
+
+set -euo pipefail
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Colored output helpers
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+log() { printf "\033[1;34m[METRICS]\033[0m %s\n" "$*"; }
+ok() { printf "\033[1;32m[METRICS]\033[0m %s\n" "$*"; }
+die() {
+    printf "\033[1;31m[METRICS]\033[0m %s\n" "$*" >&2
+    exit 1
+}
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Argument parsing
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+usage() {
+    echo "Usage: $0 <rpc_ports_csv> <duration_seconds> <output_file>"
+    echo ""
+    echo "Arguments:"
+    echo "  rpc_ports_csv     Comma-separated RPC ports (e.g., 5005,5006,5007)"
+    echo "  duration_seconds  How long to collect metrics"
+    echo "  output_file       Path to write JSON results"
+    exit 1
+}
+
+if [ $# -lt 3 ]; then
+    usage
+fi
+
+RPC_PORTS_CSV="$1"
+DURATION="$2"
+OUTPUT_FILE="$3"
+
+IFS=',' read -ra RPC_PORTS <<<"$RPC_PORTS_CSV"
+SAMPLE_INTERVAL=5
+SAMPLES=$((DURATION / SAMPLE_INTERVAL))
+
+log "Collecting metrics for ${DURATION}s (${SAMPLES} samples, ${#RPC_PORTS[@]} nodes)..."
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Temporary files for aggregation
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+TMPDIR_METRICS="$(mktemp -d)"
+CPU_FILE="$TMPDIR_METRICS/cpu.txt"
+MEM_FILE="$TMPDIR_METRICS/mem.txt"
+RPC_FILE="$TMPDIR_METRICS/rpc.txt"
+LEDGER_FILE="$TMPDIR_METRICS/ledger.txt"
+
+touch "$CPU_FILE" "$MEM_FILE" "$RPC_FILE" "$LEDGER_FILE"
+
+cleanup() {
+    rm -rf "$TMPDIR_METRICS"
+}
+trap cleanup EXIT
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Get initial ledger sequence for TPS calculation
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+INITIAL_SEQ=0
+INITIAL_TIME=$(date +%s)
+for port in "${RPC_PORTS[@]}"; do
+    seq=$(curl -sf "http://localhost:$port" \
+        -d '{"method":"server_info"}' 2>/dev/null |
+        jq -r '.result.info.validated_ledger.seq // 0' 2>/dev/null || echo 0)
+    if [ "$seq" -gt "$INITIAL_SEQ" ]; then
+        INITIAL_SEQ=$seq
+    fi
+done
+log "Initial validated ledger seq: $INITIAL_SEQ"
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Sampling loop
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+for sample in $(seq 1 "$SAMPLES"); do
+    # Collect CPU usage for xrpld processes.
+    # Uses ps to find all xrpld processes and average their CPU%.
+    cpu_sum=0
+    cpu_count=0
+    while IFS= read -r line; do
+        cpu_val=$(echo "$line" | awk '{print $1}')
+        if [ -n "$cpu_val" ] && [ "$cpu_val" != "0.0" ]; then
+            cpu_sum=$(echo "$cpu_sum + $cpu_val" | bc 2>/dev/null || echo "$cpu_sum")
+            cpu_count=$((cpu_count + 1))
+        fi
+    done < <(ps aux 2>/dev/null | grep '[x]rpld' | awk '{print $3}')
+
+    if [ "$cpu_count" -gt 0 ]; then
+        cpu_avg=$(echo "scale=2; $cpu_sum / $cpu_count" | bc 2>/dev/null || echo "0")
+        echo "$cpu_avg" >>"$CPU_FILE"
+    fi
+
+    # Collect memory RSS for xrpld processes.
+    while IFS= read -r line; do
+        rss_kb=$(echo "$line" | awk '{print $1}')
+        if [ -n "$rss_kb" ] && [ "$rss_kb" != "0" ]; then
+            rss_mb=$(echo "scale=2; $rss_kb / 1024" | bc 2>/dev/null || echo "0")
+            echo "$rss_mb" >>"$MEM_FILE"
+        fi
+    done < <(ps aux 2>/dev/null | grep '[x]rpld' | awk '{print $6}')
+
+    # Collect RPC latency from each node.
+    for port in "${RPC_PORTS[@]}"; do
+        start_ms=$(date +%s%N)
+        curl -sf "http://localhost:$port" \
+            -d '{"method":"server_info"}' >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+        end_ms=$(date +%s%N)
+        latency_ms=$(((end_ms - start_ms) / 1000000))
+        echo "$latency_ms" >>"$RPC_FILE"
+    done
+
+    # Record current validated ledger seq.
+    for port in "${RPC_PORTS[@]}"; do
+        seq=$(curl -sf "http://localhost:$port" \
+            -d '{"method":"server_info"}' 2>/dev/null |
+            jq -r '.result.info.validated_ledger.seq // 0' 2>/dev/null || echo 0)
+        echo "$seq" >>"$LEDGER_FILE"
+        break # Only need one node's seq per sample.
+    done
+
+    # Progress indicator.
+    if [ $((sample % 10)) -eq 0 ]; then
+        log "  Sample $sample/$SAMPLES..."
+    fi
+
+    sleep "$SAMPLE_INTERVAL"
+done
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Compute aggregated metrics
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+log "Computing aggregated metrics..."
+
+# CPU average.
+if [ -s "$CPU_FILE" ]; then
+    CPU_AVG=$(awk '{ sum += $1; n++ } END { if (n>0) printf "%.2f", sum/n; else print "0" }' "$CPU_FILE")
+else
+    CPU_AVG="0"
+fi
+
+# Memory peak RSS (MB).
+if [ -s "$MEM_FILE" ]; then
+    MEM_PEAK=$(sort -n "$MEM_FILE" | tail -1)
+else
+    MEM_PEAK="0"
+fi
+
+# RPC latency p99 (ms).
+if [ -s "$RPC_FILE" ]; then
+    RPC_COUNT=$(wc -l <"$RPC_FILE")
+    P99_INDEX=$(echo "scale=0; $RPC_COUNT * 99 / 100" | bc)
+    RPC_P99=$(sort -n "$RPC_FILE" | sed -n "${P99_INDEX}p")
+    [ -z "$RPC_P99" ] && RPC_P99="0"
+else
+    RPC_P99="0"
+fi
+
+# TPS calculation from ledger sequence advancement.
+FINAL_SEQ=0
+for port in "${RPC_PORTS[@]}"; do
+    seq=$(curl -sf "http://localhost:$port" \
+        -d '{"method":"server_info"}' 2>/dev/null |
+        jq -r '.result.info.validated_ledger.seq // 0' 2>/dev/null || echo 0)
+    if [ "$seq" -gt "$FINAL_SEQ" ]; then
+        FINAL_SEQ=$seq
+    fi
+done
+FINAL_TIME=$(date +%s)
+ELAPSED=$((FINAL_TIME - INITIAL_TIME))
+LEDGER_ADVANCE=$((FINAL_SEQ - INITIAL_SEQ))
+if [ "$ELAPSED" -gt 0 ] && [ "$LEDGER_ADVANCE" -gt 0 ]; then
+    # Rough TPS: assume ~avg_txs_per_ledger * ledgers / elapsed.
+    # Without tx count, use ledger close rate as proxy.
+    TPS=$(echo "scale=2; $LEDGER_ADVANCE / $ELAPSED" | bc 2>/dev/null || echo "0")
+else
+    TPS="0"
+fi
+
+# Consensus round time p95 (from ledger close interval).
+# Approximate by looking at ledger sequence progression intervals.
+if [ -s "$LEDGER_FILE" ]; then
+    # Calculate intervals between consecutive ledger sequences.
+    LEDGER_COUNT=$(wc -l <"$LEDGER_FILE")
+    # Rough estimate: DURATION / number_of_distinct_ledgers * 1000 ms
+    UNIQUE_LEDGERS=$(sort -u "$LEDGER_FILE" | wc -l)
+    if [ "$UNIQUE_LEDGERS" -gt 1 ]; then
+        CONSENSUS_P95=$(echo "scale=0; $DURATION * 1000 / ($UNIQUE_LEDGERS - 1)" | bc 2>/dev/null || echo "0")
+    else
+        CONSENSUS_P95="0"
+    fi
+else
+    CONSENSUS_P95="0"
+fi
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Write output JSON
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+cat >"$OUTPUT_FILE" <<EOF_JSON
+{
+  "cpu_pct_avg": $CPU_AVG,
+  "memory_rss_mb_peak": $MEM_PEAK,
+  "rpc_p99_ms": $RPC_P99,
+  "tps": $TPS,
+  "consensus_round_p95_ms": $CONSENSUS_P95,
+  "samples": $SAMPLES,
+  "duration_seconds": $DURATION,
+  "node_count": ${#RPC_PORTS[@]},
+  "initial_ledger_seq": $INITIAL_SEQ,
+  "final_ledger_seq": $FINAL_SEQ
+}
+EOF_JSON
+
+ok "Metrics written to $OUTPUT_FILE"
+cat "$OUTPUT_FILE"

docker/telemetry/workload/compare_to_baseline.py

@@ -0,0 +1,401 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""Compare captured OTel timings against a committed baseline.
+
+Operating modes (chosen automatically based on the baseline file contents):
+
+1. **No baseline** — if ``baseline-timings.json`` has an empty
+   ``metrics`` object (or is marked with ``"placeholder": true``), this
+   script is in "populate" mode. It prints the captured timings JSON in
+   the exact format expected for pasting into
+   ``baselines/baseline-timings.json``, then exits 0. No regression check.
+
+2. **Populated baseline** — per-metric percentage AND absolute deltas are
+   computed against thresholds from ``regression-thresholds.json``. A
+   regression occurs when BOTH bounds are breached for the same quantile.
+   Prints a human-readable table and writes a full JSON report.
+   Exits 1 if any regression was detected, else 0.
+
+Inputs:
+    --timings     Captured timings JSON (from capture_timings.py)
+    --baseline    Committed baseline JSON
+    --thresholds  Threshold policy JSON
+    --report      Where to write regression-report.json (optional)
+
+Exit codes:
+    0 — No baseline (paste-me emitted), OR baseline populated and no regression
+    1 — Regression detected (at least one metric breached both bounds)
+    2 — Internal error (e.g. bad JSON, baseline/current key mismatch)
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import argparse
+import json
+import logging
+import sys
+from dataclasses import dataclass, asdict
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Any
+
+logger = logging.getLogger("compare_to_baseline")
+
+
+@dataclass
+class MetricDelta:
+    """Single metric's baseline-vs-current comparison outcome.
+
+    Attributes:
+        key:                Flat metric key (e.g. span.tx.process.p99).
+        baseline:           Baseline value (may be None if unpopulated).
+        current:            Current run value (may be None if not captured).
+        delta:              current - baseline (None if either side None).
+        pct_change:         100 * delta / baseline (None if baseline ≤ 0).
+        unit:               Unit from baseline (preserved as-is).
+        threshold_pct:      Resolved per-metric pct threshold.
+        threshold_abs:      Resolved per-metric absolute threshold.
+        regressed:          True iff both bounds breached.
+        note:               Human-readable classification when not regressed.
+    """
+
+    key: str
+    baseline: float | None
+    current: float | None
+    delta: float | None
+    pct_change: float | None
+    unit: str
+    threshold_pct: float | None
+    threshold_abs: float | None
+    regressed: bool
+    note: str
+
+
+def load_json(path: Path) -> dict:
+    with open(path) as f:
+        return json.load(f)
+
+
+def is_placeholder(baseline: dict) -> bool:
+    """A baseline is a placeholder if explicitly marked OR metrics are empty."""
+    if baseline.get("placeholder") is True:
+        return True
+    return not baseline.get("metrics")
+
+
+def print_paste_me(timings: dict) -> None:
+    """Print captured timings in the exact baseline-timings.json format.
+
+    The output between the two banner lines is the file contents to paste,
+    byte-for-byte — sorted keys, 2-space indent, trailing newline.
+    """
+    banner = "=" * 72
+    print(banner, file=sys.stderr)
+    print(
+        "  NO BASELINE FOUND — paste the JSON below into",
+        file=sys.stderr,
+    )
+    print(
+        "  docker/telemetry/workload/baselines/baseline-timings.json",
+        file=sys.stderr,
+    )
+    print(banner, file=sys.stderr)
+
+    print(json.dumps(timings, indent=2, sort_keys=True))
+
+    print(banner, file=sys.stderr)
+    print(
+        "  (End of paste-me JSON. Gate did NOT run — baseline is empty.)",
+        file=sys.stderr,
+    )
+    print(banner, file=sys.stderr)
+
+
+def resolve_thresholds(
+    key: str,
+    thresholds: dict,
+) -> tuple[float | None, float | None]:
+    """Return ``(pct_threshold, abs_threshold)`` for a metric key.
+
+    Per-metric overrides win over defaults. Returns ``(None, None)`` if no
+    threshold is defined for this category/quantile — such metrics are
+    captured but never gate the build.
+    """
+    parts = key.split(".")
+    if len(parts) < 3:
+        return (None, None)
+    category_key = parts[0]
+    quantile_key = parts[-1]
+
+    category_map = {
+        "span": "span",
+        "rpc": "rpc_method",
+        "job": "job_queue",
+    }
+    cat = category_map.get(category_key)
+    if cat is None:
+        return (None, None)
+
+    override_key = f"{category_key}.{'.'.join(parts[1:-1])}"
+    overrides = thresholds.get("overrides", {})
+    defaults = thresholds.get("defaults", {}).get(cat, {})
+
+    rule = overrides.get(override_key, {}).get(quantile_key)
+    if rule is None:
+        rule = defaults.get(quantile_key)
+    if rule is None:
+        return (None, None)
+
+    pct = rule.get("max_pct_increase")
+    abs_bound = rule.get("max_abs_increase_ms")
+    if abs_bound is None:
+        abs_bound = rule.get("max_abs_increase_us")
+    return (pct, abs_bound)
+
+
+def _skip_delta(
+    key: str,
+    baseline: float | None,
+    current: float | None,
+    unit: str,
+    thresholds: dict,
+    note: str,
+) -> MetricDelta:
+    """Build a MetricDelta for cases where comparison is not possible."""
+    pct_threshold, abs_threshold = resolve_thresholds(key, thresholds)
+    return MetricDelta(
+        key=key,
+        baseline=baseline,
+        current=current,
+        delta=None,
+        pct_change=None,
+        unit=unit,
+        threshold_pct=pct_threshold,
+        threshold_abs=abs_threshold,
+        regressed=False,
+        note=note,
+    )
+
+
+def compute_delta(
+    key: str,
+    baseline_entry: dict | None,
+    current_entry: dict | None,
+    thresholds: dict,
+) -> MetricDelta:
+    """Compute a MetricDelta for one metric key.
+
+    A regression requires BOTH bounds to be breached simultaneously. This
+    tolerates small-value noise: a 100% increase on a 0.5 ms metric
+    (to 1.0 ms) is not a regression under a 5 ms absolute bound.
+    """
+    baseline = baseline_entry.get("value") if baseline_entry else None
+    current = current_entry.get("value") if current_entry else None
+    unit = (baseline_entry or current_entry or {}).get("unit", "")
+
+    if baseline is None and current is None:
+        return _skip_delta(
+            key, None, None, unit, thresholds, "no data (neither baseline nor current)"
+        )
+
+    if baseline is None:
+        return _skip_delta(
+            key, None, current, unit, thresholds, "new metric (not in baseline)"
+        )
+
+    if current is None:
+        return _skip_delta(
+            key, baseline, None, unit, thresholds, "not captured in current run"
+        )
+
+    pct_threshold, abs_threshold = resolve_thresholds(key, thresholds)
+    delta = current - baseline
+    pct_change = (delta / baseline * 100.0) if baseline > 0 else None
+
+    if pct_threshold is None or abs_threshold is None:
+        return MetricDelta(
+            key=key,
+            baseline=baseline,
+            current=current,
+            delta=delta,
+            pct_change=pct_change,
+            unit=unit,
+            threshold_pct=pct_threshold,
+            threshold_abs=abs_threshold,
+            regressed=False,
+            note="no threshold configured",
+        )
+
+    pct_breach = pct_change is not None and pct_change > pct_threshold
+    abs_breach = delta > abs_threshold
+    regressed = pct_breach and abs_breach
+
+    if regressed:
+        note = "REGRESSION"
+    elif delta < 0:
+        note = "improved"
+    else:
+        note = "within bounds"
+
+    return MetricDelta(
+        key=key,
+        baseline=baseline,
+        current=current,
+        delta=delta,
+        pct_change=pct_change,
+        unit=unit,
+        threshold_pct=pct_threshold,
+        threshold_abs=abs_threshold,
+        regressed=regressed,
+        note=note,
+    )
+
+
+def print_summary(deltas: list[MetricDelta]) -> None:
+    """Print a sorted, human-readable table of per-metric results."""
+    regressions = [d for d in deltas if d.regressed]
+    improvements = [
+        d
+        for d in deltas
+        if d.delta is not None and d.delta < 0 and d.baseline not in (None, 0)
+    ]
+    improvements.sort(key=lambda d: d.pct_change or 0)
+    regressions.sort(key=lambda d: -(d.pct_change or 0))
+
+    print("=" * 72)
+    print(f"  Regression check: {len(regressions)} regression(s) detected")
+    print("=" * 72)
+
+    if regressions:
+        print("\nRegressions (breached BOTH pct AND absolute bounds):")
+        _print_table(regressions)
+
+    if improvements:
+        top = improvements[:5]
+        print("\nTop improvements:")
+        _print_table(top)
+
+    missing = [d for d in deltas if d.note == "not captured in current run"]
+    if missing:
+        print(f"\n{len(missing)} baseline metric(s) not captured in current run:")
+        for d in missing:
+            print(f"  {d.key}")
+
+
+def _print_table(rows: list[MetricDelta]) -> None:
+    """Print a fixed-width table for a list of deltas."""
+    header = f"  {'METRIC':<45} {'BASE':>10} {'CUR':>10} {'Δ':>10} {'%':>8} UNIT"
+    print(header)
+    print("  " + "-" * (len(header) - 2))
+    for d in rows:
+        base = f"{d.baseline:.2f}" if d.baseline is not None else "-"
+        cur = f"{d.current:.2f}" if d.current is not None else "-"
+        delta = f"{d.delta:+.2f}" if d.delta is not None else "-"
+        pct = f"{d.pct_change:+.1f}%" if d.pct_change is not None else "-"
+        print(f"  {d.key:<45} {base:>10} {cur:>10} {delta:>10} {pct:>8} {d.unit}")
+
+
+def write_report(
+    deltas: list[MetricDelta],
+    report_path: Path,
+    baseline: dict,
+    timings: dict,
+) -> None:
+    """Write regression-report.json — machine-readable artifact for CI."""
+    regressions = [d for d in deltas if d.regressed]
+    payload = {
+        "schema_version": 1,
+        "baseline_captured_at": baseline.get("captured_at"),
+        "baseline_git_sha": baseline.get("git_sha"),
+        "current_captured_at": timings.get("captured_at"),
+        "current_git_sha": timings.get("git_sha"),
+        "window": timings.get("window"),
+        "profile": timings.get("profile"),
+        "summary": {
+            "total": len(deltas),
+            "regressions": len(regressions),
+            "improvements": sum(
+                1
+                for d in deltas
+                if d.delta is not None and d.delta < 0 and d.baseline not in (None, 0)
+            ),
+            "missing_in_current": sum(
+                1 for d in deltas if d.note == "not captured in current run"
+            ),
+        },
+        "metrics": [asdict(d) for d in deltas],
+    }
+    report_path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    with open(report_path, "w") as f:
+        json.dump(payload, f, indent=2, sort_keys=True)
+        f.write("\n")
+
+
+def main() -> int:
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=__doc__)
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--timings",
+        type=Path,
+        required=True,
+        help="Captured timings JSON (from capture_timings.py)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--baseline",
+        type=Path,
+        required=True,
+        help="Committed baseline-timings.json",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--thresholds",
+        type=Path,
+        default=Path(__file__).parent / "regression-thresholds.json",
+        help="Threshold policy JSON",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--report",
+        type=Path,
+        default=None,
+        help="Where to write regression-report.json (optional)",
+    )
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+
+    logging.basicConfig(
+        level=logging.INFO,
+        format="%(levelname)s %(name)s: %(message)s",
+    )
+
+    try:
+        timings = load_json(args.timings)
+        baseline = load_json(args.baseline)
+        thresholds = load_json(args.thresholds)
+    except (OSError, json.JSONDecodeError) as exc:
+        logger.error("failed to load inputs: %s", exc)
+        return 2
+
+    if is_placeholder(baseline):
+        print_paste_me(timings)
+        return 0
+
+    baseline_metrics = baseline.get("metrics", {})
+    current_metrics = timings.get("metrics", {})
+
+    all_keys = sorted(set(baseline_metrics) | set(current_metrics))
+    deltas = [
+        compute_delta(
+            key,
+            baseline_metrics.get(key),
+            current_metrics.get(key),
+            thresholds,
+        )
+        for key in all_keys
+    ]
+
+    print_summary(deltas)
+
+    if args.report:
+        write_report(deltas, args.report, baseline, timings)
+        logger.info("wrote %s", args.report)
+
+    return 1 if any(d.regressed for d in deltas) else 0
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    sys.exit(main())

docker/telemetry/workload/expected_metrics.json

@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+{
+  "description": "Expected metric inventory for rippled telemetry validation. Sourced from 09-data-collection-reference.md.",
+  "spanmetrics": {
+    "description": "SpanMetrics-derived RED metrics from the OTel Collector spanmetrics connector.",
+    "metrics": [
+      "traces_span_metrics_calls_total",
+      "traces_span_metrics_duration_milliseconds_bucket",
+      "traces_span_metrics_duration_milliseconds_count",
+      "traces_span_metrics_duration_milliseconds_sum"
+    ],
+    "required_labels": [
+      "span_name",
+      "status_code",
+      "service_name",
+      "span_kind"
+    ],
+    "dimension_labels": [
+      "xrpl_rpc_command",
+      "xrpl_rpc_status",
+      "xrpl_consensus_mode",
+      "xrpl_tx_local",
+      "xrpl_peer_proposal_trusted",
+      "xrpl_peer_validation_trusted"
+    ]
+  },
+  "statsd_gauges": {
+    "description": "beast::insight gauges emitted via StatsD UDP.",
+    "metrics": [
+      "rippled_LedgerMaster_Validated_Ledger_Age",
+      "rippled_LedgerMaster_Published_Ledger_Age",
+      "rippled_State_Accounting_Full_duration",
+      "rippled_Peer_Finder_Active_Inbound_Peers",
+      "rippled_Peer_Finder_Active_Outbound_Peers",
+      "rippled_jobq_job_count"
+    ]
+  },
+  "statsd_counters": {
+    "description": "beast::insight counters emitted via StatsD UDP. The OTel Prometheus exporter appends _total to monotonic counters.",
+    "metrics": ["rippled_rpc_requests_total", "rippled_ledger_fetches_total"]
+  },
+  "statsd_histograms": {
+    "description": "beast::insight timers/histograms emitted via StatsD UDP.",
+    "metrics": ["rippled_rpc_time", "rippled_rpc_size"]
+  },
+  "overlay_traffic": {
+    "description": "Overlay traffic metrics (subset — full list has 45+ categories).",
+    "metrics": [
+      "rippled_total_Bytes_In",
+      "rippled_total_Bytes_Out",
+      "rippled_total_Messages_In",
+      "rippled_total_Messages_Out"
+    ]
+  },
+  "phase9_nodestore": {
+    "description": "Phase 9 NodeStore I/O observable gauge (MetricsRegistry via OTLP). Single metric with 'metric' label distinguishing sub-metrics.",
+    "metrics": ["xrpld_nodestore_state"]
+  },
+  "phase9_cache": {
+    "description": "Phase 9 cache hit rate observable gauge (MetricsRegistry via OTLP). Single metric with 'metric' label.",
+    "metrics": ["xrpld_cache_metrics"]
+  },
+  "phase9_txq": {
+    "description": "Phase 9 transaction queue observable gauge (MetricsRegistry via OTLP). Single metric with 'metric' label.",
+    "metrics": ["xrpld_txq_metrics"]
+  },
+  "phase9_rpc_method": {
+    "description": "Phase 9 per-RPC-method counters (MetricsRegistry via OTLP).",
+    "metrics": ["xrpld_rpc_method_started_total"]
+  },
+  "phase9_objects": {
+    "description": "Phase 9 counted object instances observable gauge (MetricsRegistry via OTLP).",
+    "metrics": ["xrpld_object_count"]
+  },
+  "phase9_load": {
+    "description": "Phase 9 fee escalation and load factor observable gauge (MetricsRegistry via OTLP).",
+    "metrics": ["xrpld_load_factor_metrics"]
+  },
+  "parity_validation_agreement": {
+    "description": "External dashboard parity: validation agreement percentages (push_metrics.py).",
+    "metrics": [
+      "xrpld_validation_agreement{metric=\"agreement_pct_1h\"}",
+      "xrpld_validation_agreement{metric=\"agreement_pct_24h\"}"
+    ]
+  },
+  "parity_validator_health": {
+    "description": "External dashboard parity: validator health indicators (push_metrics.py).",
+    "metrics": [
+      "xrpld_validator_health{metric=\"amendment_blocked\"}",
+      "xrpld_validator_health{metric=\"unl_expiry_days\"}"
+    ]
+  },
+  "parity_peer_quality": {
+    "description": "External dashboard parity: peer quality metrics (push_metrics.py).",
+    "metrics": [
+      "xrpld_peer_quality{metric=\"peer_latency_p90_ms\"}",
+      "xrpld_peer_quality{metric=\"peers_insane_count\"}"
+    ]
+  },
+  "parity_ledger_economy": {
+    "description": "External dashboard parity: ledger economy metrics (push_metrics.py).",
+    "metrics": [
+      "xrpld_ledger_economy{metric=\"base_fee_xrp\"}",
+      "xrpld_ledger_economy{metric=\"transaction_rate\"}"
+    ]
+  },
+  "parity_state_tracking": {
+    "description": "External dashboard parity: server state tracking (push_metrics.py).",
+    "metrics": ["xrpld_state_tracking{metric=\"state_value\"}"]
+  },
+  "parity_counters": {
+    "description": "External dashboard parity: monotonic counters (push_metrics.py).",
+    "metrics": [
+      "xrpld_ledgers_closed_total",
+      "xrpld_validations_sent_total",
+      "xrpld_state_changes_total"
+    ]
+  },
+  "parity_storage": {
+    "description": "External dashboard parity: storage detail metrics (push_metrics.py).",
+    "metrics": ["xrpld_storage_detail{metric=\"nudb_bytes\"}"]
+  },
+  "grafana_dashboards": {
+    "description": "All 13 Grafana dashboards that must render data.",
+    "uids": [
+      "rippled-rpc-perf",
+      "rippled-transactions",
+      "rippled-consensus",
+      "rippled-ledger-ops",
+      "rippled-peer-net",
+      "rippled-system-node-health",
+      "rippled-system-network",
+      "rippled-system-rpc",
+      "rippled-system-overlay-detail",
+      "rippled-system-ledger-sync",
+      "rippled-validator-health",
+      "rippled-peer-quality"
+    ]
+  }
+}

docker/telemetry/workload/expected_spans.json

@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+{
+  "description": "Expected span inventory for rippled telemetry validation. Sourced from 09-data-collection-reference.md.",
+  "spans": [
+    {
+      "name": "rpc.request",
+      "category": "rpc",
+      "parent": null,
+      "required_attributes": [],
+      "config_flag": "trace_rpc"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "rpc.process",
+      "category": "rpc",
+      "parent": "rpc.request",
+      "required_attributes": [],
+      "config_flag": "trace_rpc"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "rpc.ws_message",
+      "category": "rpc",
+      "parent": null,
+      "required_attributes": [],
+      "config_flag": "trace_rpc"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "rpc.command.*",
+      "category": "rpc",
+      "parent": "rpc.process",
+      "required_attributes": [
+        "command",
+        "version",
+        "rpc_role",
+        "rpc_status",
+        "duration_ms"
+      ],
+      "config_flag": "trace_rpc",
+      "note": "Wildcard — matches rpc.command.server_info, rpc.command.ledger, etc."
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "tx.process",
+      "category": "transaction",
+      "parent": null,
+      "required_attributes": ["xrpl.tx.hash", "local", "path"],
+      "config_flag": "trace_transactions"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "tx.receive",
+      "category": "transaction",
+      "parent": null,
+      "required_attributes": [
+        "xrpl.peer.id",
+        "xrpl.tx.hash",
+        "suppressed",
+        "tx_status"
+      ],
+      "config_flag": "trace_transactions"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "tx.apply",
+      "category": "transaction",
+      "parent": "ledger.build",
+      "required_attributes": ["xrpl.ledger.seq", "tx_count", "tx_failed"],
+      "config_flag": "trace_transactions"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "consensus.proposal.send",
+      "category": "consensus",
+      "parent": null,
+      "required_attributes": ["xrpl.consensus.round"],
+      "config_flag": "trace_consensus"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "consensus.ledger_close",
+      "category": "consensus",
+      "parent": null,
+      "required_attributes": ["xrpl.ledger.seq", "xrpl.consensus.mode"],
+      "config_flag": "trace_consensus"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "consensus.accept",
+      "category": "consensus",
+      "parent": null,
+      "required_attributes": [
+        "proposers",
+        "validation_quorum",
+        "proposers_validated"
+      ],
+      "config_flag": "trace_consensus"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "consensus.validation.send",
+      "category": "consensus",
+      "parent": null,
+      "required_attributes": [
+        "xrpl.ledger.seq",
+        "proposing",
+        "xrpl.ledger.hash",
+        "validation_full"
+      ],
+      "config_flag": "trace_consensus"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "consensus.accept.apply",
+      "category": "consensus",
+      "parent": null,
+      "required_attributes": [
+        "close_time",
+        "xrpl.ledger.seq",
+        "parent_close_time",
+        "close_time_self",
+        "close_time_vote_bins",
+        "resolution_direction"
+      ],
+      "config_flag": "trace_consensus"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "ledger.build",
+      "category": "ledger",
+      "parent": null,
+      "required_attributes": [
+        "xrpl.ledger.seq",
+        "tx_count",
+        "tx_failed",
+        "close_time",
+        "close_time_correct",
+        "close_resolution_ms"
+      ],
+      "config_flag": "trace_ledger"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "ledger.validate",
+      "category": "ledger",
+      "parent": null,
+      "required_attributes": ["xrpl.ledger.seq", "validations"],
+      "config_flag": "trace_ledger"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "ledger.store",
+      "category": "ledger",
+      "parent": null,
+      "required_attributes": ["xrpl.ledger.seq"],
+      "config_flag": "trace_ledger"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "peer.proposal.receive",
+      "category": "peer",
+      "parent": null,
+      "required_attributes": ["xrpl.peer.id", "proposal_trusted"],
+      "config_flag": "trace_peer"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "peer.validation.receive",
+      "category": "peer",
+      "parent": null,
+      "required_attributes": [
+        "xrpl.peer.id",
+        "validation_trusted",
+        "xrpl.ledger.hash",
+        "validation_full"
+      ],
+      "config_flag": "trace_peer"
+    }
+  ],
+  "parent_child_relationships": [
+    {
+      "parent": "rpc.request",
+      "child": "rpc.process",
+      "description": "RPC request contains processing span",
+      "skip": true,
+      "skip_reason": "rpc.request and rpc.process run on different threads (onRequest posts a coroutine to JobQueue for processRequest). Span context is not propagated across the thread boundary. Requires C++ fix to capture and forward the span context through the coroutine lambda."
+    },
+    {
+      "parent": "rpc.process",
+      "child": "rpc.command.*",
+      "description": "Processing span contains per-command span"
+    },
+    {
+      "parent": "ledger.build",
+      "child": "tx.apply",
+      "description": "Ledger build contains transaction application"
+    }
+  ],
+  "total_span_types": 17,
+  "total_unique_attributes": 37
+}

docker/telemetry/workload/generate-validator-keys.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# generate-validator-keys.sh — Generate validator key pairs for the workload harness.
+#
+# Uses a temporary standalone xrpld instance to call `validation_create` RPC
+# for each node. Outputs a JSON file mapping node index to seed + public key.
+#
+# Usage:
+#   ./generate-validator-keys.sh <xrpld_binary> <num_nodes> <output_dir>
+#
+# Output:
+#   <output_dir>/validator-keys.json — JSON array of {index, seed, public_key}
+#   <output_dir>/validators.txt     — [validators] section for xrpld.cfg
+
+set -euo pipefail
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Colored output helpers
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+log() { printf "\033[1;34m[KEYGEN]\033[0m %s\n" "$*"; }
+ok() { printf "\033[1;32m[KEYGEN]\033[0m %s\n" "$*"; }
+die() {
+    printf "\033[1;31m[KEYGEN]\033[0m %s\n" "$*" >&2
+    exit 1
+}
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Argument parsing
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+usage() {
+    echo "Usage: $0 <xrpld_binary> <num_nodes> <output_dir>"
+    echo ""
+    echo "Arguments:"
+    echo "  xrpld_binary  Path to xrpld binary (built with telemetry=ON)"
+    echo "  num_nodes     Number of validator key pairs to generate (1-20)"
+    echo "  output_dir    Directory to write validator-keys.json and validators.txt"
+    exit 1
+}
+
+if [ $# -lt 3 ]; then
+    usage
+fi
+
+XRPLD="$1"
+NUM_NODES="$2"
+OUTPUT_DIR="$3"
+
+# Validate arguments
+[ -x "$XRPLD" ] || die "xrpld binary not found or not executable: $XRPLD"
+[[ "$NUM_NODES" =~ ^[0-9]+$ ]] || die "num_nodes must be a positive integer"
+[ "$NUM_NODES" -ge 1 ] && [ "$NUM_NODES" -le 20 ] || die "num_nodes must be between 1 and 20"
+
+mkdir -p "$OUTPUT_DIR"
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Start a temporary standalone xrpld for key generation
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+TEMP_DIR="$(mktemp -d)"
+TEMP_PORT=5099
+TEMP_CFG="$TEMP_DIR/xrpld.cfg"
+
+log "Starting temporary xrpld for key generation (port $TEMP_PORT)..."
+
+cat >"$TEMP_CFG" <<EOCFG
+[server]
+port_rpc_keygen
+
+[port_rpc_keygen]
+port = $TEMP_PORT
+ip = 127.0.0.1
+admin = 127.0.0.1
+protocol = http
+
+[node_db]
+type=NuDB
+path=$TEMP_DIR/nudb
+online_delete=256
+
+[database_path]
+$TEMP_DIR/db
+
+[debug_logfile]
+$TEMP_DIR/debug.log
+
+[ssl_verify]
+0
+EOCFG
+
+"$XRPLD" --conf "$TEMP_CFG" -a --start >"$TEMP_DIR/stdout.log" 2>&1 &
+TEMP_PID=$!
+
+# Ensure cleanup on exit
+cleanup_temp() {
+    kill "$TEMP_PID" 2>/dev/null || true
+    wait "$TEMP_PID" 2>/dev/null || true
+    rm -rf "$TEMP_DIR"
+}
+trap cleanup_temp EXIT
+
+# Wait for RPC to become available
+for attempt in $(seq 1 30); do
+    if curl -sf "http://localhost:$TEMP_PORT" \
+        -d '{"method":"server_info"}' >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+        log "Temporary xrpld RPC ready (attempt $attempt)."
+        break
+    fi
+    if [ "$attempt" -eq 30 ]; then
+        die "Temporary xrpld RPC not ready after 30s"
+    fi
+    sleep 1
+done
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Generate key pairs
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+log "Generating $NUM_NODES validator key pairs..."
+
+KEYS_JSON="["
+VALIDATORS_TXT="[validators]"
+
+for i in $(seq 1 "$NUM_NODES"); do
+    result=$(curl -sf "http://localhost:$TEMP_PORT" \
+        -d '{"method":"validation_create"}')
+    seed=$(echo "$result" | jq -r '.result.validation_seed')
+    pubkey=$(echo "$result" | jq -r '.result.validation_public_key')
+
+    if [ -z "$seed" ] || [ "$seed" = "null" ]; then
+        die "Failed to generate key pair for node $i"
+    fi
+
+    log "  Node $i: ${pubkey:0:20}..."
+
+    # Build JSON entry
+    entry="{\"index\": $i, \"seed\": \"$seed\", \"public_key\": \"$pubkey\"}"
+    if [ "$i" -gt 1 ]; then
+        KEYS_JSON="$KEYS_JSON,"
+    fi
+    KEYS_JSON="$KEYS_JSON$entry"
+
+    VALIDATORS_TXT="$VALIDATORS_TXT
+$pubkey"
+done
+
+KEYS_JSON="$KEYS_JSON]"
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Write output files
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+echo "$KEYS_JSON" | jq '.' >"$OUTPUT_DIR/validator-keys.json"
+echo "$VALIDATORS_TXT" >"$OUTPUT_DIR/validators.txt"
+
+ok "Generated $NUM_NODES key pairs:"
+ok "  Keys:       $OUTPUT_DIR/validator-keys.json"
+ok "  Validators: $OUTPUT_DIR/validators.txt"

docker/telemetry/workload/prom_queries.py

@@ -0,0 +1,212 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""Shared Prometheus query helpers for the regression gate.
+
+Single source of truth for how regression metrics are computed. Both
+``capture_timings.py`` and any future tooling consume this module so metric
+name → PromQL expression stays consistent.
+
+Design:
+- Every captured metric has a key in the form ``{category}.{name}.p{quantile}``
+  (e.g. ``span.tx.process.p99``). Keys are flat strings so JSON diffing is
+  trivial.
+- Quantile queries go through ``histogram_quantile`` over the standard
+  ``_bucket`` series. The rate window is a parameter (defaults to the
+  capture window, not Prometheus's default 5m) so short CI runs are usable.
+- The catalogue of what to capture lives in ``regression-metrics.json`` —
+  this module only knows how to translate that JSON into HTTP queries.
+
+Usage::
+
+    import asyncio, aiohttp
+    from prom_queries import build_query_plan, run_query_plan
+
+    plan = build_query_plan("regression-metrics.json", window="3m")
+    async with aiohttp.ClientSession() as s:
+        timings = await run_query_plan(s, "http://localhost:9090", plan)
+    # timings = {"span.tx.process.p99": {"value": 12.4, "unit": "ms"}, ...}
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+import logging
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Any
+
+import aiohttp
+
+logger = logging.getLogger("prom_queries")
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class QueryEntry:
+    """One metric to capture from Prometheus.
+
+    Attributes:
+        key:      Flat output key, e.g. ``span.tx.process.p99``.
+        promql:   The PromQL expression to send to /api/v1/query.
+        unit:     Unit of the returned value, e.g. ``ms`` or ``us``.
+                  Baseline JSON preserves this so the comparator can
+                  sanity-check unit drift.
+    """
+
+    key: str
+    promql: str
+    unit: str
+
+
+def _build_simple_entries(
+    cfg: dict,
+    prefix: str,
+    window: str,
+) -> list[QueryEntry]:
+    """Build QueryEntry list for a single-template category (spans, rpc)."""
+    tmpl = cfg.get("_query_template", "")
+    unit = cfg.get("_unit", "ms")
+    entries: list[QueryEntry] = []
+    for name in cfg.get("names", []):
+        for q in cfg.get("_quantiles", []):
+            expr = (
+                tmpl.replace("{quantile}", _format_quantile(q))
+                .replace("{name}", name)
+                .replace("{window}", window)
+            )
+            entries.append(
+                QueryEntry(
+                    key=f"{prefix}.{name}.p{_quantile_label(q)}",
+                    promql=expr,
+                    unit=unit,
+                )
+            )
+    return entries
+
+
+def _build_job_entries(cfg: dict, window: str) -> list[QueryEntry]:
+    """Build QueryEntry list for the job_queue category (multi-phase)."""
+    unit = cfg.get("_unit", "us")
+    phases = cfg.get("_phases", ["queued", "running"])
+    tmpl_map = {
+        "queued": cfg.get("_queued_template", ""),
+        "running": cfg.get("_running_template", ""),
+    }
+    entries: list[QueryEntry] = []
+    for name in cfg.get("names", []):
+        for phase in phases:
+            tmpl = tmpl_map.get(phase, "")
+            if not tmpl:
+                continue
+            for q in cfg.get("_quantiles", []):
+                expr = (
+                    tmpl.replace("{quantile}", _format_quantile(q))
+                    .replace("{name}", name)
+                    .replace("{window}", window)
+                )
+                entries.append(
+                    QueryEntry(
+                        key=f"job.{name}.{phase}.p{_quantile_label(q)}",
+                        promql=expr,
+                        unit=unit,
+                    )
+                )
+    return entries
+
+
+def build_query_plan(metrics_path: str | Path, window: str = "3m") -> list[QueryEntry]:
+    """Translate regression-metrics.json into a list of PromQL queries.
+
+    Args:
+        metrics_path: Path to ``regression-metrics.json``.
+        window:       Rate window passed to ``rate()``. For short CI runs
+                      keep this close to the test duration so the bucket
+                      counts are meaningful. Default 3m matches the
+                      ``regression`` workload profile.
+
+    Returns:
+        A list of ``QueryEntry`` values, one per (metric × quantile).
+    """
+    with open(metrics_path) as f:
+        cfg = json.load(f)
+
+    plan: list[QueryEntry] = []
+    plan.extend(_build_simple_entries(cfg.get("spans", {}), "span", window))
+    plan.extend(_build_simple_entries(cfg.get("rpc_methods", {}), "rpc", window))
+    plan.extend(_build_job_entries(cfg.get("job_queue", {}), window))
+    return plan
+
+
+async def run_query_plan(
+    session: aiohttp.ClientSession,
+    prom_url: str,
+    plan: list[QueryEntry],
+) -> dict[str, dict[str, Any]]:
+    """Execute a query plan and return a flat ``key → {value, unit}`` map.
+
+    Queries that return no data (NaN, empty result) are still included in
+    the output with ``value: null`` — the comparator treats missing values
+    as "not yet observed" rather than as a regression. This keeps the
+    baseline schema stable across runs with different load levels.
+
+    Args:
+        session:  Shared aiohttp session.
+        prom_url: Base URL of Prometheus (e.g. ``http://localhost:9090``).
+        plan:     Output of :func:`build_query_plan`.
+
+    Returns:
+        Mapping from metric key to ``{"value": float|None, "unit": str}``.
+    """
+    results: dict[str, dict[str, Any]] = {}
+    for entry in plan:
+        value = await _instant_query(session, prom_url, entry.promql)
+        results[entry.key] = {"value": value, "unit": entry.unit}
+    return results
+
+
+async def _instant_query(
+    session: aiohttp.ClientSession,
+    prom_url: str,
+    promql: str,
+) -> float | None:
+    """POST an instant query to Prometheus; return the scalar value or None.
+
+    None is returned for NaN, empty results, or HTTP errors — every call
+    site treats None identically ("no data captured").
+    """
+    url = f"{prom_url.rstrip('/')}/api/v1/query"
+    try:
+        async with session.post(
+            url, data={"query": promql}, timeout=aiohttp.ClientTimeout(total=30)
+        ) as resp:
+            if resp.status != 200:
+                logger.warning("query HTTP %d: %s", resp.status, promql)
+                return None
+            body = await resp.json()
+    except (aiohttp.ClientError, TimeoutError) as exc:
+        logger.warning("query failed: %s — %s", promql, exc)
+        return None
+
+    if body.get("status") != "success":
+        logger.warning("query status=%s: %s", body.get("status"), promql)
+        return None
+
+    result = body.get("data", {}).get("result", [])
+    if not result:
+        return None
+
+    raw = result[0].get("value", [None, None])[1]
+    if raw is None or raw in ("NaN", "+Inf", "-Inf"):
+        return None
+    try:
+        return float(raw)
+    except (TypeError, ValueError):
+        return None
+
+
+def _format_quantile(q: float) -> str:
+    """Format a quantile for PromQL (``0.99`` → ``"0.99"``)."""
+    return f"{q:g}"
+
+
+def _quantile_label(q: float) -> str:
+    """Format a quantile for the output key (``0.95`` → ``"95"``)."""
+    return str(int(round(q * 100)))

docker/telemetry/workload/regression-metrics.json

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+{
+  "_description": "Metric surface for the OTel-driven regression gate. Each entry names a metric, the quantiles to capture, and how to query Prometheus. The comparator compares current run against baseline-timings.json under these exact keys.",
+  "_key_format": "{category}.{name}.p{quantile}  (e.g. span.tx.process.p99, rpc.server_info.p95, job.transaction.queued.p95)",
+  "spans": {
+    "_query_template": "histogram_quantile({quantile}, sum by (le) (rate(traces_span_metrics_duration_milliseconds_bucket{span_name=\"{name}\"}[{window}])))",
+    "_unit": "ms",
+    "_quantiles": [0.5, 0.95, 0.99],
+    "names": [
+      "rpc.request",
+      "rpc.process",
+      "tx.process",
+      "tx.apply",
+      "ledger.build",
+      "ledger.validate",
+      "ledger.store",
+      "consensus.ledger_close",
+      "consensus.accept"
+    ]
+  },
+  "job_queue": {
+    "_queued_template": "histogram_quantile({quantile}, sum by (le) (rate(xrpld_job_queued_duration_us_bucket{job_type=\"{name}\"}[{window}])))",
+    "_running_template": "histogram_quantile({quantile}, sum by (le) (rate(xrpld_job_running_duration_us_bucket{job_type=\"{name}\"}[{window}])))",
+    "_unit": "us",
+    "_quantiles": [0.95],
+    "_phases": ["queued", "running"],
+    "names": ["transaction", "acceptLedger"]
+  }
+}

docker/telemetry/workload/regression-thresholds.json

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+{
+  "_description": "Per-metric regression thresholds. A metric regresses when current - baseline exceeds BOTH the percentage and absolute bounds (AND, not OR — this tolerates small-value noise). Defaults apply unless a per-metric override exists.",
+  "defaults": {
+    "span": {
+      "p50": { "max_pct_increase": 15.0, "max_abs_increase_ms": 2.0 },
+      "p95": { "max_pct_increase": 10.0, "max_abs_increase_ms": 3.0 },
+      "p99": { "max_pct_increase": 10.0, "max_abs_increase_ms": 5.0 }
+    },
+    "job_queue": {
+      "p95": { "max_pct_increase": 15.0, "max_abs_increase_us": 5000.0 }
+    }
+  },
+  "overrides": {
+    "span.consensus.ledger_close": {
+      "p50": { "max_pct_increase": 5.0, "max_abs_increase_ms": 200.0 },
+      "p95": { "max_pct_increase": 5.0, "max_abs_increase_ms": 500.0 },
+      "p99": { "max_pct_increase": 5.0, "max_abs_increase_ms": 1000.0 }
+    },
+    "span.consensus.accept": {
+      "p50": { "max_pct_increase": 5.0, "max_abs_increase_ms": 200.0 },
+      "p95": { "max_pct_increase": 5.0, "max_abs_increase_ms": 500.0 },
+      "p99": { "max_pct_increase": 5.0, "max_abs_increase_ms": 1000.0 }
+    }
+  }
+}

docker/telemetry/workload/requirements.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# Python dependencies for Phase 10 workload tools.
+#
+# Install: pip install -r requirements.txt
+
+websockets>=12.0
+aiohttp>=3.9.0

docker/telemetry/workload/rpc_load_generator.py

@@ -0,0 +1,453 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""RPC Load Generator for rippled telemetry validation.
+
+Connects to one or more rippled WebSocket endpoints and fires all traced
+RPC commands at configurable rates with realistic production-like
+distribution.
+
+Command distribution (default weights):
+  40%  Health checks:   server_info, fee
+  30%  Wallet queries:  account_info, account_lines, account_objects
+  15%  Explorer:        ledger, ledger_data
+  10%  TX lookups:      tx, account_tx
+   5%  DEX queries:     book_offers, amm_info
+
+Usage:
+    python3 rpc_load_generator.py --endpoints ws://localhost:6006 --rate 50 --duration 120
+
+    # Multiple endpoints (round-robin):
+    python3 rpc_load_generator.py \\
+        --endpoints ws://localhost:6006 ws://localhost:6007 \\
+        --rate 100 --duration 300
+
+    # Custom weights:
+    python3 rpc_load_generator.py --endpoints ws://localhost:6006 \\
+        --weights '{"server_info":60,"account_info":30,"ledger":10}'
+"""
+
+import argparse
+import asyncio
+import json
+import logging
+import random
+import sys
+import time
+import uuid
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from typing import Any
+
+import websockets
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Configuration
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# Default command distribution matching realistic production ratios.
+# Keys are RPC command names; values are relative weights.
+DEFAULT_WEIGHTS: dict[str, int] = {
+    # 40% health checks
+    "server_info": 25,
+    "fee": 15,
+    # 30% wallet queries
+    "account_info": 15,
+    "account_lines": 8,
+    "account_objects": 7,
+    # 15% explorer
+    "ledger": 10,
+    "ledger_data": 5,
+    # 10% tx lookups
+    "tx": 5,
+    "account_tx": 5,
+    # 5% DEX queries
+    "book_offers": 3,
+    "amm_info": 2,
+}
+
+# Well-known genesis account for queries that require an account parameter.
+GENESIS_ACCOUNT = "rHb9CJAWyB4rj91VRWn96DkukG4bwdtyTh"
+
+logger = logging.getLogger("rpc_load_generator")
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Data classes
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@dataclass
+class LoadStats:
+    """Tracks request counts and latencies during a load run.
+
+    Attributes:
+        total_sent:     Total RPC requests dispatched.
+        total_success:  Requests that returned a valid result.
+        total_errors:   Requests that returned an error or timed out.
+        latencies:      Per-command list of round-trip times in seconds.
+        command_counts: Per-command request count.
+    """
+
+    total_sent: int = 0
+    total_success: int = 0
+    total_errors: int = 0
+    latencies: dict[str, list[float]] = field(default_factory=dict)
+    command_counts: dict[str, int] = field(default_factory=dict)
+
+    def record(self, command: str, latency: float, success: bool) -> None:
+        """Record the outcome of a single RPC call."""
+        self.total_sent += 1
+        if success:
+            self.total_success += 1
+        else:
+            self.total_errors += 1
+        self.latencies.setdefault(command, []).append(latency)
+        self.command_counts[command] = self.command_counts.get(command, 0) + 1
+
+    def summary(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        """Return a summary dict suitable for JSON serialization."""
+        per_command: dict[str, Any] = {}
+        for cmd, lats in self.latencies.items():
+            sorted_lats = sorted(lats)
+            n = len(sorted_lats)
+            per_command[cmd] = {
+                "count": self.command_counts.get(cmd, 0),
+                "p50_ms": round(sorted_lats[n // 2] * 1000, 2) if n else 0,
+                "p95_ms": (round(sorted_lats[int(n * 0.95)] * 1000, 2) if n else 0),
+                "p99_ms": (round(sorted_lats[int(n * 0.99)] * 1000, 2) if n else 0),
+            }
+        return {
+            "total_sent": self.total_sent,
+            "total_success": self.total_success,
+            "total_errors": self.total_errors,
+            "error_rate_pct": (
+                round(self.total_errors / self.total_sent * 100, 2)
+                if self.total_sent
+                else 0
+            ),
+            "per_command": per_command,
+        }
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# RPC command builders
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def build_rpc_request(command: str) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """Build a native WebSocket command request for the given command.
+
+    Uses rippled's native WS format (``{"command": ...}``) with flat
+    parameters, NOT the JSON-RPC format (``{"method": ..., "params": [...]}``).
+
+    Args:
+        command: The rippled RPC command name.
+
+    Returns:
+        A dict representing the native WebSocket request body.
+    """
+    req: dict[str, Any] = {"command": command}
+
+    if command in ("server_info", "fee"):
+        pass  # No params needed.
+    elif command == "account_info":
+        req["account"] = GENESIS_ACCOUNT
+    elif command == "account_lines":
+        req["account"] = GENESIS_ACCOUNT
+    elif command == "account_objects":
+        req["account"] = GENESIS_ACCOUNT
+        req["limit"] = 10
+    elif command == "ledger":
+        req["ledger_index"] = "validated"
+    elif command == "ledger_data":
+        req["ledger_index"] = "validated"
+        req["limit"] = 5
+    elif command == "tx":
+        # Use a dummy hash — returns "txnNotFound" error but still exercises
+        # the full RPC span pipeline (rpc.request -> rpc.process -> rpc.command.tx).
+        req["transaction"] = "0" * 64
+        req["binary"] = False
+    elif command == "account_tx":
+        req["account"] = GENESIS_ACCOUNT
+        req["ledger_index_min"] = -1
+        req["ledger_index_max"] = -1
+        req["limit"] = 5
+    elif command == "book_offers":
+        req["taker_pays"] = {"currency": "XRP"}
+        req["taker_gets"] = {
+            "currency": "USD",
+            "issuer": GENESIS_ACCOUNT,
+        }
+        req["limit"] = 5
+    elif command == "amm_info":
+        # AMM may not exist — the span is still created on the server side.
+        req["asset"] = {"currency": "XRP"}
+        req["asset2"] = {
+            "currency": "USD",
+            "issuer": GENESIS_ACCOUNT,
+        }
+
+    return req
+
+
+def choose_command(weights: dict[str, int]) -> str:
+    """Select a random RPC command based on configured weights.
+
+    Args:
+        weights: Mapping of command name to relative weight.
+
+    Returns:
+        A command name string.
+    """
+    commands = list(weights.keys())
+    w = [weights[c] for c in commands]
+    return random.choices(commands, weights=w, k=1)[0]
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# WebSocket RPC client
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+async def send_rpc(
+    ws: websockets.WebSocketClientProtocol,
+    command: str,
+    stats: LoadStats,
+    inject_traceparent: bool = True,
+) -> None:
+    """Send a single RPC request over WebSocket and record the result.
+
+    Args:
+        ws:                  Open WebSocket connection.
+        command:             RPC command name.
+        stats:               LoadStats instance to record results.
+        inject_traceparent:  If True, add a W3C traceparent header field
+                             to the request for context propagation testing.
+    """
+    request = build_rpc_request(command)
+
+    # Inject W3C traceparent for context propagation testing.
+    # The rippled WebSocket handler extracts this from the JSON body
+    # when present (Phase 2 context propagation).
+    if inject_traceparent:
+        trace_id = uuid.uuid4().hex
+        span_id = uuid.uuid4().hex[:16]
+        request["traceparent"] = f"00-{trace_id}-{span_id}-01"
+
+    t0 = time.monotonic()
+    try:
+        await ws.send(json.dumps(request))
+        raw = await asyncio.wait_for(ws.recv(), timeout=10.0)
+        latency = time.monotonic() - t0
+        response = json.loads(raw)
+        # Native WS responses have {"status": "success", "result": {...}}
+        # or {"status": "error", "error": "...", "error_message": "..."}.
+        success = response.get("status") == "success"
+        stats.record(command, latency, success)
+    except (asyncio.TimeoutError, websockets.exceptions.WebSocketException) as exc:
+        latency = time.monotonic() - t0
+        stats.record(command, latency, False)
+        logger.debug("RPC %s failed: %s", command, exc)
+
+
+async def run_load(
+    endpoints: list[str],
+    rate: float,
+    duration: float,
+    weights: dict[str, int],
+    inject_traceparent: bool,
+) -> LoadStats:
+    """Run the RPC load generator against the given endpoints.
+
+    Distributes requests round-robin across endpoints at the specified
+    rate (requests per second) for the given duration.
+
+    Args:
+        endpoints:          List of WebSocket URLs (ws://host:port).
+        rate:               Target requests per second.
+        duration:           Total run time in seconds.
+        weights:            Command distribution weights.
+        inject_traceparent: Whether to inject W3C traceparent headers.
+
+    Returns:
+        LoadStats with aggregated results.
+    """
+    stats = LoadStats()
+    interval = 1.0 / rate if rate > 0 else 0.1
+
+    # Open persistent connections to all endpoints.
+    connections: list[websockets.WebSocketClientProtocol] = []
+    for ep in endpoints:
+        try:
+            ws = await websockets.connect(ep, ping_interval=20, ping_timeout=10)
+            connections.append(ws)
+            logger.info("Connected to %s", ep)
+        except Exception as exc:
+            logger.error("Failed to connect to %s: %s", ep, exc)
+
+    if not connections:
+        logger.error("No connections established. Aborting.")
+        return stats
+
+    logger.info(
+        "Starting load: rate=%s RPS, duration=%ss, endpoints=%d",
+        rate,
+        duration,
+        len(connections),
+    )
+
+    start = time.monotonic()
+    conn_idx = 0
+
+    try:
+        while (time.monotonic() - start) < duration:
+            command = choose_command(weights)
+            ws = connections[conn_idx % len(connections)]
+            conn_idx += 1
+
+            # Fire-and-forget style with bounded concurrency via sleep.
+            asyncio.create_task(send_rpc(ws, command, stats, inject_traceparent))
+            await asyncio.sleep(interval)
+
+            # Periodic progress log.
+            elapsed = time.monotonic() - start
+            if stats.total_sent % 100 == 0 and stats.total_sent > 0:
+                actual_rps = stats.total_sent / elapsed if elapsed > 0 else 0
+                logger.info(
+                    "Progress: %d sent, %d errors, %.1f RPS (%.0fs elapsed)",
+                    stats.total_sent,
+                    stats.total_errors,
+                    actual_rps,
+                    elapsed,
+                )
+    except asyncio.CancelledError:
+        logger.info("Load generation cancelled.")
+    finally:
+        # Allow in-flight requests to complete.
+        await asyncio.sleep(2)
+        for ws in connections:
+            await ws.close()
+
+    elapsed = time.monotonic() - start
+    logger.info(
+        "Load complete: %d sent, %d success, %d errors in %.1fs (%.1f RPS)",
+        stats.total_sent,
+        stats.total_success,
+        stats.total_errors,
+        elapsed,
+        stats.total_sent / elapsed if elapsed > 0 else 0,
+    )
+
+    return stats
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# CLI entry point
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def parse_args() -> argparse.Namespace:
+    """Parse command-line arguments."""
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+        description="RPC Load Generator for rippled telemetry validation",
+        formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter,
+        epilog="""
+Examples:
+  # Basic usage (50 RPS for 2 minutes):
+  python3 rpc_load_generator.py --endpoints ws://localhost:6006 --rate 50 --duration 120
+
+  # Multiple endpoints with custom weights:
+  python3 rpc_load_generator.py \\
+      --endpoints ws://localhost:6006 ws://localhost:6007 \\
+      --rate 100 --duration 300 \\
+      --weights '{"server_info": 80, "account_info": 20}'
+        """,
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--endpoints",
+        nargs="+",
+        default=["ws://localhost:6006"],
+        help="WebSocket endpoints (default: ws://localhost:6006)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--rate",
+        type=float,
+        default=50.0,
+        help="Target requests per second (default: 50)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--duration",
+        type=float,
+        default=120.0,
+        help="Run duration in seconds (default: 120)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--weights",
+        type=str,
+        default=None,
+        help="JSON string of command weights (overrides defaults)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--no-traceparent",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Disable W3C traceparent injection",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--output",
+        type=str,
+        default=None,
+        help="Write JSON summary to this file path",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--verbose",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Enable debug logging",
+    )
+    return parser.parse_args()
+
+
+def main() -> None:
+    """Main entry point for the RPC load generator."""
+    args = parse_args()
+
+    logging.basicConfig(
+        level=logging.DEBUG if args.verbose else logging.INFO,
+        format="%(asctime)s [%(name)s] %(levelname)s %(message)s",
+    )
+
+    # Parse custom weights if provided.
+    weights = DEFAULT_WEIGHTS.copy()
+    if args.weights:
+        try:
+            custom = json.loads(args.weights)
+            weights = {k: int(v) for k, v in custom.items()}
+            logger.info("Using custom weights: %s", weights)
+        except (json.JSONDecodeError, ValueError) as exc:
+            logger.error("Invalid --weights JSON: %s", exc)
+            sys.exit(1)
+
+    # Run the load generator.
+    stats = asyncio.run(
+        run_load(
+            endpoints=args.endpoints,
+            rate=args.rate,
+            duration=args.duration,
+            weights=weights,
+            inject_traceparent=not args.no_traceparent,
+        )
+    )
+
+    summary = stats.summary()
+    print(json.dumps(summary, indent=2))
+
+    if args.output:
+        with open(args.output, "w") as f:
+            json.dump(summary, f, indent=2)
+        logger.info("Summary written to %s", args.output)
+
+    # Exit with error if error rate exceeds 50%.
+    if summary["error_rate_pct"] > 50:
+        logger.error("High error rate: %.1f%%", summary["error_rate_pct"])
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

docker/telemetry/workload/run-full-validation.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,495 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# run-full-validation.sh — Orchestrates the full telemetry validation pipeline.
+#
+# Sequence:
+#   1. Start the observability stack (OTel Collector, Tempo, Prometheus, Loki, Grafana)
+#   2. Start a multi-node rippled cluster with full telemetry enabled
+#   3. Wait for consensus
+#   4. Run workload orchestrator (RPC load, TX submission, propagation wait)
+#   5. Run the telemetry validation suite
+#   6. Capture OTel timings and compare against committed baseline
+#   7. (Optional) Run the performance overhead benchmark
+#
+# Usage:
+#   ./run-full-validation.sh --xrpld /path/to/xrpld
+#   ./run-full-validation.sh --xrpld /path/to/xrpld --with-benchmark
+#   ./run-full-validation.sh --xrpld /path/to/xrpld --skip-regression
+#   ./run-full-validation.sh --cleanup
+#
+# Exit codes:
+#   0 — All validation checks and the regression gate passed
+#   1 — Validation checks failed OR the regression gate detected a regression
+#   2 — Infrastructure error (cluster/stack failed to start, timing capture failed)
+
+set -euo pipefail
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Colored output helpers
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+log() { printf "\033[1;34m[VALIDATE]\033[0m %s\n" "$*"; }
+ok() { printf "\033[1;32m[VALIDATE]\033[0m %s\n" "$*"; }
+warn() { printf "\033[1;33m[VALIDATE]\033[0m %s\n" "$*"; }
+fail() { printf "\033[1;31m[VALIDATE]\033[0m %s\n" "$*"; }
+die() {
+    printf "\033[1;31m[VALIDATE]\033[0m %s\n" "$*" >&2
+    exit 2
+}
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Configuration
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
+TELEMETRY_DIR="$(cd "$SCRIPT_DIR/.." && pwd)"
+REPO_ROOT="$(cd "$TELEMETRY_DIR/../.." && pwd)"
+COMPOSE_FILE="$TELEMETRY_DIR/docker-compose.workload.yaml"
+WORKDIR="/tmp/xrpld-validation"
+
+XRPLD="${XRPLD:-$REPO_ROOT/.build/xrpld}"
+NUM_NODES=5
+RPC_PORT_BASE=5005
+WS_PORT_BASE=6006
+PEER_PORT_BASE=51235
+RPC_RATE=50
+RPC_DURATION=120
+TX_TPS=5
+TX_DURATION=120
+WITH_BENCHMARK=false
+SKIP_LOKI=false
+SKIP_REGRESSION=false
+WORKLOAD_PROFILE="full-validation"
+REPORT_DIR="$WORKDIR/reports"
+# Rate window handed to Prometheus `rate()` when capturing timings. Keep
+# this close to the active workload duration so histogram buckets cover
+# the measurement window; longer windows dilute short-lived regressions.
+REGRESSION_WINDOW="${REGRESSION_WINDOW:-3m}"
+BASELINE_FILE="${BASELINE_FILE:-$SCRIPT_DIR/baselines/baseline-timings.json}"
+THRESHOLDS_FILE="${THRESHOLDS_FILE:-$SCRIPT_DIR/regression-thresholds.json}"
+METRICS_FILE="${METRICS_FILE:-$SCRIPT_DIR/regression-metrics.json}"
+
+GENESIS_ACCOUNT="rHb9CJAWyB4rj91VRWn96DkukG4bwdtyTh"
+GENESIS_SEED="snoPBrXtMeMyMHUVTgbuqAfg1SUTb"
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Argument parsing
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+usage() {
+    echo "Usage: $0 [OPTIONS]"
+    echo ""
+    echo "Options:"
+    echo "  --xrpld PATH         Path to xrpld binary"
+    echo "  --nodes NUM          Number of validator nodes (default: 5)"
+    echo "  --rpc-rate RPS       RPC load rate (default: 50)"
+    echo "  --rpc-duration SECS  RPC load duration (default: 120)"
+    echo "  --tx-tps TPS         Transaction submit rate (default: 5)"
+    echo "  --tx-duration SECS   Transaction submit duration (default: 120)"
+    echo "  --profile NAME       Workload profile (default: full-validation)"
+    echo "  --with-benchmark     Also run performance overhead benchmark (telemetry off vs on)"
+    echo "  --skip-loki          Skip Loki log-trace correlation checks"
+    echo "  --skip-regression    Skip the OTel-baseline regression gate"
+    echo "  --cleanup            Tear down everything and exit"
+    echo "  -h, --help           Show this help"
+    exit 0
+}
+
+while [ $# -gt 0 ]; do
+    case "$1" in
+        --xrpld)
+            XRPLD="$2"
+            shift 2
+            ;;
+        --nodes)
+            NUM_NODES="$2"
+            shift 2
+            ;;
+        --rpc-rate)
+            RPC_RATE="$2"
+            shift 2
+            ;;
+        --rpc-duration)
+            RPC_DURATION="$2"
+            shift 2
+            ;;
+        --tx-tps)
+            TX_TPS="$2"
+            shift 2
+            ;;
+        --tx-duration)
+            TX_DURATION="$2"
+            shift 2
+            ;;
+        --profile)
+            WORKLOAD_PROFILE="$2"
+            shift 2
+            ;;
+        --with-benchmark)
+            WITH_BENCHMARK=true
+            shift
+            ;;
+        --skip-loki)
+            SKIP_LOKI=true
+            shift
+            ;;
+        --skip-regression)
+            SKIP_REGRESSION=true
+            shift
+            ;;
+        --cleanup) # Cleanup mode
+            log "Cleaning up..."
+            pkill -f "$WORKDIR" 2>/dev/null || true
+            docker compose -f "$COMPOSE_FILE" down 2>/dev/null || true
+            rm -rf "$WORKDIR"
+            ok "Cleanup complete."
+            exit 0
+            ;;
+        -h | --help) usage ;;
+        *) die "Unknown option: $1" ;;
+    esac
+done
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Prerequisites
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+log "Checking prerequisites..."
+[ -x "$XRPLD" ] || die "xrpld binary not found: $XRPLD"
+command -v docker >/dev/null 2>&1 || die "docker not found"
+docker compose version >/dev/null 2>&1 || die "docker compose (v2) not found"
+command -v python3 >/dev/null 2>&1 || die "python3 not found"
+command -v curl >/dev/null 2>&1 || die "curl not found"
+command -v jq >/dev/null 2>&1 || die "jq not found"
+[ -f "$COMPOSE_FILE" ] || die "docker-compose.workload.yaml not found"
+
+# Install Python dependencies.
+log "Installing Python dependencies..."
+pip3 install -q -r "$SCRIPT_DIR/requirements.txt" 2>/dev/null ||
+    pip install -q -r "$SCRIPT_DIR/requirements.txt" 2>/dev/null ||
+    warn "Could not install Python dependencies — they may already be present"
+
+ok "Prerequisites verified."
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Cleanup previous run
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+log "Cleaning up previous run..."
+pkill -f "$WORKDIR" 2>/dev/null || true
+sleep 2
+rm -rf "$WORKDIR"
+mkdir -p "$WORKDIR" "$REPORT_DIR"
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Step 1: Start observability stack
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+log "Step 1: Starting observability stack..."
+docker compose -f "$COMPOSE_FILE" up -d
+
+log "Waiting for OTel Collector..."
+for attempt in $(seq 1 30); do
+    status=$(curl -so /dev/null -w '%{http_code}' http://localhost:4318/ 2>/dev/null || echo 000)
+    if [ "$status" != "000" ]; then
+        ok "OTel Collector ready (attempt $attempt)"
+        break
+    fi
+    [ "$attempt" -eq 30 ] && die "OTel Collector not ready after 30s"
+    sleep 1
+done
+
+log "Waiting for Tempo..."
+for attempt in $(seq 1 30); do
+    if curl -sf "http://localhost:3200/ready" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+        ok "Tempo ready (attempt $attempt)"
+        break
+    fi
+    [ "$attempt" -eq 30 ] && die "Tempo not ready after 30s"
+    sleep 1
+done
+
+log "Waiting for Prometheus..."
+for attempt in $(seq 1 30); do
+    if curl -sf "http://localhost:9090/-/healthy" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+        ok "Prometheus ready (attempt $attempt)"
+        break
+    fi
+    [ "$attempt" -eq 30 ] && die "Prometheus not ready after 30s"
+    sleep 1
+done
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Step 2: Generate validator keys and start cluster
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+log "Step 2: Starting $NUM_NODES-node validator cluster..."
+
+bash "$SCRIPT_DIR/generate-validator-keys.sh" "$XRPLD" "$NUM_NODES" "$WORKDIR"
+
+for i in $(seq 1 "$NUM_NODES"); do
+    NODE_DIR="$WORKDIR/node$i"
+    mkdir -p "$NODE_DIR/nudb" "$NODE_DIR/db"
+
+    RPC_PORT=$((RPC_PORT_BASE + i - 1))
+    WS_PORT=$((WS_PORT_BASE + i - 1))
+    PEER_PORT=$((PEER_PORT_BASE + i - 1))
+    SEED=$(jq -r ".[$((i - 1))].seed" "$WORKDIR/validator-keys.json")
+
+    # Build ips_fixed.
+    IPS_FIXED=""
+    for j in $(seq 1 "$NUM_NODES"); do
+        if [ "$j" -ne "$i" ]; then
+            IPS_FIXED="${IPS_FIXED}127.0.0.1 $((PEER_PORT_BASE + j - 1))
+"
+        fi
+    done
+
+    cat >"$NODE_DIR/xrpld.cfg" <<EOCFG
+[server]
+port_rpc
+port_ws
+port_peer
+
+[port_rpc]
+port = $RPC_PORT
+ip = 127.0.0.1
+admin = 127.0.0.1
+protocol = http
+
+[port_ws]
+port = $WS_PORT
+ip = 127.0.0.1
+admin = 127.0.0.1
+protocol = ws
+
+[port_peer]
+port = $PEER_PORT
+ip = 0.0.0.0
+protocol = peer
+
+[node_db]
+type=NuDB
+path=$NODE_DIR/nudb
+online_delete=256
+
+[database_path]
+$NODE_DIR/db
+
+[debug_logfile]
+$NODE_DIR/debug.log
+
+[validation_seed]
+$SEED
+
+[validators_file]
+$WORKDIR/validators.txt
+
+[ips]
+${IPS_FIXED}
+
+[telemetry]
+enabled=1
+service_instance_id=validator-${i}
+endpoint=http://localhost:4318/v1/traces
+exporter=otlp_http
+sampling_ratio=1.0
+batch_size=512
+batch_delay_ms=2000
+max_queue_size=2048
+trace_rpc=1
+trace_transactions=1
+trace_consensus=1
+trace_peer=1
+trace_ledger=1
+
+[insight]
+server=statsd
+address=127.0.0.1:8125
+prefix=rippled
+
+[rpc_startup]
+{ "command": "log_level", "severity": "warning" }
+
+[signing_support]
+true
+
+[ssl_verify]
+0
+EOCFG
+
+    "$XRPLD" --conf "$NODE_DIR/xrpld.cfg" --start >"$NODE_DIR/stdout.log" 2>&1 &
+    echo $! >"$NODE_DIR/xrpld.pid"
+    log "  Node $i: RPC=$RPC_PORT WS=$WS_PORT Peer=$PEER_PORT PID=$!"
+done
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Step 3: Wait for consensus
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+log "Step 3: Waiting for consensus..."
+for attempt in $(seq 1 120); do
+    ready=0
+    for i in $(seq 1 "$NUM_NODES"); do
+        port=$((RPC_PORT_BASE + i - 1))
+        state=$(curl -sf "http://localhost:$port" \
+            -d '{"method":"server_info"}' 2>/dev/null |
+            jq -r '.result.info.server_state' 2>/dev/null || echo "")
+        if [ "$state" = "proposing" ]; then
+            ready=$((ready + 1))
+        fi
+    done
+    if [ "$ready" -ge "$NUM_NODES" ]; then
+        ok "All $NUM_NODES nodes proposing (attempt $attempt)"
+        break
+    fi
+    if [ "$attempt" -eq 120 ]; then
+        warn "Consensus timeout — $ready/$NUM_NODES nodes ready"
+    fi
+    printf "\r  %d/%d nodes proposing..." "$ready" "$NUM_NODES"
+    sleep 1
+done
+echo ""
+
+# Wait for first validated ledger.
+log "Waiting for validated ledger..."
+for attempt in $(seq 1 60); do
+    val_seq=$(curl -sf "http://localhost:$RPC_PORT_BASE" \
+        -d '{"method":"server_info"}' 2>/dev/null |
+        jq -r '.result.info.validated_ledger.seq // 0' 2>/dev/null || echo 0)
+    if [ "$val_seq" -gt 2 ] 2>/dev/null; then
+        ok "Validated ledger: seq $val_seq"
+        break
+    fi
+    [ "$attempt" -eq 60 ] && warn "No validated ledger after 60s"
+    sleep 1
+done
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Step 4: Run workload orchestrator
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+log "Step 4: Running workload orchestrator (profile: $WORKLOAD_PROFILE)..."
+
+WS_ENDPOINTS=""
+for i in $(seq 1 "$NUM_NODES"); do
+    WS_ENDPOINTS="$WS_ENDPOINTS ws://localhost:$((WS_PORT_BASE + i - 1))"
+done
+
+python3 "$SCRIPT_DIR/workload_orchestrator.py" \
+    --profile "$WORKLOAD_PROFILE" \
+    --endpoints $WS_ENDPOINTS \
+    --report "$REPORT_DIR/workload-report.json" \
+    --report-dir "$REPORT_DIR" ||
+    warn "Workload orchestrator returned non-zero exit"
+
+ok "Workload orchestration complete."
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Step 5: Run telemetry validation suite
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+log "Step 5: Running telemetry validation suite..."
+
+VALIDATION_ARGS="--report $REPORT_DIR/validation-report.json"
+if [ "$SKIP_LOKI" = true ]; then
+    VALIDATION_ARGS="$VALIDATION_ARGS --skip-loki"
+fi
+
+VALIDATION_EXIT=0
+python3 "$SCRIPT_DIR/validate_telemetry.py" $VALIDATION_ARGS || VALIDATION_EXIT=$?
+
+if [ "$VALIDATION_EXIT" -eq 0 ]; then
+    ok "All telemetry validation checks passed!"
+else
+    fail "Some telemetry validation checks failed (exit $VALIDATION_EXIT)"
+fi
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Step 6: Capture OTel timings and run the regression comparison
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# This step ALWAYS captures timings (so CI always has an artifact from which
+# to bootstrap/refresh the committed baseline). The comparator then either:
+#   - prints the paste-me JSON when the baseline is a placeholder, or
+#   - enforces thresholds and fails the run on regression.
+# Use --skip-regression to opt out (e.g. for ad-hoc local exploration).
+TIMINGS_FILE="$REPORT_DIR/timings.json"
+REGRESSION_REPORT="$REPORT_DIR/regression-report.json"
+REGRESSION_EXIT=0
+
+if [ "$SKIP_REGRESSION" != true ]; then
+    log "Step 6: Capturing OTel timings from Prometheus..."
+    if python3 "$SCRIPT_DIR/capture_timings.py" \
+        --prometheus "http://localhost:9090" \
+        --metrics "$METRICS_FILE" \
+        --output "$TIMINGS_FILE" \
+        --window "$REGRESSION_WINDOW" \
+        --profile "$WORKLOAD_PROFILE"; then
+        ok "Timings captured: $TIMINGS_FILE"
+    else
+        fail "Failed to capture timings — skipping regression comparison."
+        REGRESSION_EXIT=2
+        SKIP_REGRESSION=true
+    fi
+fi
+
+if [ "$SKIP_REGRESSION" != true ]; then
+    log "Comparing against baseline $BASELINE_FILE..."
+    python3 "$SCRIPT_DIR/compare_to_baseline.py" \
+        --timings "$TIMINGS_FILE" \
+        --baseline "$BASELINE_FILE" \
+        --thresholds "$THRESHOLDS_FILE" \
+        --report "$REGRESSION_REPORT" || REGRESSION_EXIT=$?
+    if [ "$REGRESSION_EXIT" -eq 0 ]; then
+        ok "Regression gate passed (or baseline placeholder — paste JSON printed above)."
+    elif [ "$REGRESSION_EXIT" -eq 1 ]; then
+        fail "Regression detected — see $REGRESSION_REPORT"
+    else
+        fail "Regression comparator internal error (exit $REGRESSION_EXIT)"
+    fi
+else
+    warn "Regression gate skipped."
+fi
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Step 7: (Optional) Run overhead benchmark
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+if [ "$WITH_BENCHMARK" = true ]; then
+    log "Step 7: Running performance benchmark..."
+    bash "$SCRIPT_DIR/benchmark.sh" \
+        --xrpld "$XRPLD" \
+        --duration 120 \
+        --nodes 3 \
+        --output "$REPORT_DIR" ||
+        warn "Benchmark returned non-zero exit"
+fi
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Summary
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+echo ""
+echo "==========================================================="
+echo "  FULL VALIDATION RESULTS"
+echo "==========================================================="
+echo ""
+echo "  Reports directory: $REPORT_DIR"
+echo ""
+ls -la "$REPORT_DIR/" 2>/dev/null || true
+echo ""
+echo "  Observability stack is running:"
+echo "    Tempo:         http://localhost:3200"
+echo "    Grafana:       http://localhost:3000"
+echo "    Prometheus:    http://localhost:9090"
+echo ""
+echo "  xrpld nodes ($NUM_NODES) are running:"
+for i in $(seq 1 "$NUM_NODES"); do
+    rpc=$((RPC_PORT_BASE + i - 1))
+    ws=$((WS_PORT_BASE + i - 1))
+    pid=$(cat "$WORKDIR/node$i/xrpld.pid" 2>/dev/null || echo 'unknown')
+    echo "    Node $i: RPC=$rpc WS=$ws PID=$pid"
+done
+echo ""
+echo "  To tear down:"
+echo "    $0 --cleanup"
+echo ""
+echo "==========================================================="
+
+# Fail the run if EITHER validation or the regression gate failed. The
+# `[ "$VAR" -gt N ]` comparison works here because exit codes are numeric.
+FINAL_EXIT=0
+if [ "$VALIDATION_EXIT" -ne 0 ]; then
+    FINAL_EXIT="$VALIDATION_EXIT"
+fi
+if [ "$REGRESSION_EXIT" -ne 0 ] && [ "$FINAL_EXIT" -eq 0 ]; then
+    FINAL_EXIT="$REGRESSION_EXIT"
+fi
+exit "$FINAL_EXIT"

docker/telemetry/workload/test_accounts.json

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+{
+  "genesis": {
+    "account": "rHb9CJAWyB4rj91VRWn96DkukG4bwdtyTh",
+    "seed": "snoPBrXtMeMyMHUVTgbuqAfg1SUTb",
+    "description": "Genesis account with all XRP. Used to fund test accounts."
+  },
+  "test_accounts": [
+    {
+      "name": "alice",
+      "description": "Primary sender for Payment and OfferCreate transactions."
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "bob",
+      "description": "Primary receiver for Payment transactions."
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "carol",
+      "description": "TrustSet and issued currency counterparty."
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "dave",
+      "description": "NFToken operations (mint, offer, accept)."
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "eve",
+      "description": "Escrow operations (create, finish)."
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "frank",
+      "description": "AMM pool operations (create, deposit, withdraw)."
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "grace",
+      "description": "Additional sender for parallel transaction submission."
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "heidi",
+      "description": "Additional receiver for payment diversity."
+    }
+  ],
+  "note": "Test account keypairs are generated dynamically at runtime via wallet_propose RPC. This file defines the logical roles. Actual keys are stored in the workdir during execution."
+}

docker/telemetry/workload/tx_submitter.py

@@ -0,0 +1,848 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""Transaction Submitter for rippled telemetry validation.
+
+Generates diverse transaction types against a rippled cluster to exercise
+the full span and metric surface: tx.process, tx.apply, ledger.build,
+consensus.*, and all associated attributes.
+
+Pre-funds test accounts from the genesis account, then submits a
+configurable mix of transaction types at a target TPS.
+
+Supported transaction types:
+  - Payment (XRP and issued currencies)
+  - OfferCreate / OfferCancel (DEX activity)
+  - TrustSet (trust line creation)
+  - NFTokenMint / NFTokenCreateOffer / NFTokenAcceptOffer
+  - EscrowCreate / EscrowFinish
+  - AMMCreate / AMMDeposit / AMMWithdraw (if amendment enabled)
+
+Usage:
+    python3 tx_submitter.py --endpoint ws://localhost:6006 --tps 5 --duration 120
+
+    # Custom transaction mix:
+    python3 tx_submitter.py --endpoint ws://localhost:6006 \\
+        --weights '{"Payment":50,"OfferCreate":20,"TrustSet":10,"NFTokenMint":10,"EscrowCreate":10}'
+"""
+
+import argparse
+import asyncio
+import json
+import logging
+import random
+import sys
+import time
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from typing import Any
+
+import websockets
+
+logger = logging.getLogger("tx_submitter")
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Constants
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+GENESIS_ACCOUNT = "rHb9CJAWyB4rj91VRWn96DkukG4bwdtyTh"
+GENESIS_SEED = "snoPBrXtMeMyMHUVTgbuqAfg1SUTb"
+
+# Amount to fund each test account (100,000 XRP in drops).
+FUND_AMOUNT = "100000000000"
+
+# Default transaction mix weights (relative).
+DEFAULT_TX_WEIGHTS: dict[str, int] = {
+    "Payment": 40,
+    "OfferCreate": 15,
+    "OfferCancel": 5,
+    "TrustSet": 10,
+    "NFTokenMint": 10,
+    "NFTokenCreateOffer": 5,
+    "EscrowCreate": 5,
+    "EscrowFinish": 5,
+    "AMMCreate": 3,
+    "AMMDeposit": 2,
+}
+
+# Number of test accounts to create.
+NUM_TEST_ACCOUNTS = 8
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Data classes
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@dataclass
+class Account:
+    """Represents a funded XRPL test account.
+
+    Attributes:
+        name:      Human-readable name (e.g., "alice").
+        account:   Classic address (rXXX...).
+        seed:      Secret seed for signing.
+        sequence:  Next available sequence number.
+    """
+
+    name: str
+    account: str
+    seed: str
+    sequence: int = 0
+
+
+@dataclass
+class TxStats:
+    """Tracks transaction submission results.
+
+    Attributes:
+        total_submitted: Total transactions sent to the network.
+        total_success:   Transactions that returned tesSUCCESS or terQUEUED.
+        total_errors:    Transactions that returned an error engine_result.
+        by_type:         Per-transaction-type count of submissions.
+        errors_by_type:  Per-transaction-type count of errors.
+    """
+
+    total_submitted: int = 0
+    total_success: int = 0
+    total_errors: int = 0
+    by_type: dict[str, int] = field(default_factory=dict)
+    errors_by_type: dict[str, int] = field(default_factory=dict)
+
+    def record(self, tx_type: str, success: bool) -> None:
+        """Record the result of a transaction submission."""
+        self.total_submitted += 1
+        self.by_type[tx_type] = self.by_type.get(tx_type, 0) + 1
+        if success:
+            self.total_success += 1
+        else:
+            self.total_errors += 1
+            self.errors_by_type[tx_type] = self.errors_by_type.get(tx_type, 0) + 1
+
+    def summary(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        """Return a summary dict suitable for JSON serialization."""
+        return {
+            "total_submitted": self.total_submitted,
+            "total_success": self.total_success,
+            "total_errors": self.total_errors,
+            "success_rate_pct": (
+                round(self.total_success / self.total_submitted * 100, 2)
+                if self.total_submitted
+                else 0
+            ),
+            "by_type": self.by_type,
+            "errors_by_type": self.errors_by_type,
+        }
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# WebSocket RPC helpers
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+async def ws_request(
+    ws: websockets.WebSocketClientProtocol,
+    command: str,
+    params: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
+) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """Send a native WebSocket command and return the result payload.
+
+    Uses rippled's native WebSocket format (``command`` key with flat
+    parameters).  The response has ``status`` at the top level and the
+    actual data payload inside ``result``.  This helper unwraps the
+    ``result`` dict so callers can read fields directly.
+
+    Args:
+        ws:      Open WebSocket connection.
+        command: RPC command name (e.g., ``account_info``, ``submit``).
+        params:  Optional flat parameter dict merged into the request.
+
+    Returns:
+        The inner ``result`` dict from the response.
+
+    Raises:
+        RuntimeError: If the request fails or times out.
+    """
+    request: dict[str, Any] = {"command": command}
+    if params:
+        request.update(params)
+    await ws.send(json.dumps(request))
+    raw = await asyncio.wait_for(ws.recv(), timeout=30.0)
+    resp = json.loads(raw)
+
+    # WS command format: {"status": "success", "result": {...}, "type": "response"}
+    # On error: {"status": "error", "error": "...", "error_message": "..."}
+    if resp.get("status") == "error":
+        logger.warning(
+            "%s error: %s — %s",
+            command,
+            resp.get("error", "unknown"),
+            resp.get("error_message", ""),
+        )
+    return resp.get("result", resp)
+
+
+async def create_account(ws: websockets.WebSocketClientProtocol, name: str) -> Account:
+    """Create a new account via wallet_propose RPC.
+
+    Args:
+        ws:   Open WebSocket connection.
+        name: Human-readable name for the account.
+
+    Returns:
+        An Account instance with the generated keypair.
+    """
+    result = await ws_request(ws, "wallet_propose")
+    if "account_id" not in result:
+        raise RuntimeError(
+            f"wallet_propose failed: {json.dumps(result, indent=None)[:300]}"
+        )
+    return Account(
+        name=name,
+        account=result["account_id"],
+        seed=result["master_seed"],
+    )
+
+
+async def fund_account(
+    ws: websockets.WebSocketClientProtocol,
+    dest: Account,
+    genesis_seq: int,
+) -> tuple[bool, int]:
+    """Fund a test account from genesis.
+
+    Args:
+        ws:          Open WebSocket connection.
+        dest:        Destination account to fund.
+        genesis_seq: Current genesis account sequence number.
+
+    Returns:
+        Tuple of (success: bool, next_sequence: int).
+    """
+    resp = await ws_request(
+        ws,
+        "submit",
+        {
+            "secret": GENESIS_SEED,
+            "tx_json": {
+                "TransactionType": "Payment",
+                "Account": GENESIS_ACCOUNT,
+                "Destination": dest.account,
+                "Amount": FUND_AMOUNT,
+                "Sequence": genesis_seq,
+            },
+        },
+    )
+    engine_result = resp.get("engine_result", "unknown")
+    success = engine_result in ("tesSUCCESS", "terQUEUED")
+    if not success:
+        # Log the full response to help diagnose submit failures in CI.
+        logger.warning(
+            "Fund %s failed: engine_result=%s, full response: %s",
+            dest.name,
+            engine_result,
+            json.dumps(resp, indent=None)[:500],
+        )
+    return success, genesis_seq + 1
+
+
+async def get_account_sequence(
+    ws: websockets.WebSocketClientProtocol, account: str
+) -> int:
+    """Get the current sequence number for an account.
+
+    Args:
+        ws:      Open WebSocket connection.
+        account: Classic address.
+
+    Returns:
+        Current sequence number.
+    """
+    resp = await ws_request(ws, "account_info", {"account": account})
+    if "account_data" not in resp:
+        # Log full response to diagnose WS API format issues.
+        logger.warning(
+            "account_info for %s: no account_data, full response: %s",
+            account[:12],
+            json.dumps(resp, indent=None)[:500],
+        )
+        return 0
+    return resp["account_data"].get("Sequence", 0)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Transaction builders
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def build_payment(sender: Account, receiver: Account) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """Build an XRP Payment transaction.
+
+    Args:
+        sender:   Source account.
+        receiver: Destination account.
+
+    Returns:
+        Transaction JSON and signing secret.
+    """
+    amount = str(random.randint(1000, 1000000))  # 0.001 - 1 XRP
+    return {
+        "secret": sender.seed,
+        "tx_json": {
+            "TransactionType": "Payment",
+            "Account": sender.account,
+            "Destination": receiver.account,
+            "Amount": amount,
+            "Sequence": sender.sequence,
+        },
+    }
+
+
+def build_offer_create(sender: Account) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """Build an OfferCreate transaction (XRP/USD pair).
+
+    Args:
+        sender: Account placing the offer.
+
+    Returns:
+        Transaction JSON and signing secret.
+    """
+    return {
+        "secret": sender.seed,
+        "tx_json": {
+            "TransactionType": "OfferCreate",
+            "Account": sender.account,
+            "TakerPays": str(random.randint(100000, 10000000)),
+            "TakerGets": {
+                "currency": "USD",
+                "issuer": GENESIS_ACCOUNT,
+                "value": str(round(random.uniform(0.1, 100.0), 2)),
+            },
+            "Sequence": sender.sequence,
+        },
+    }
+
+
+def build_offer_cancel(sender: Account) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """Build an OfferCancel transaction.
+
+    Uses a non-existent offer sequence — will fail gracefully but still
+    exercises the tx.process span pipeline.
+
+    Args:
+        sender: Account cancelling the offer.
+
+    Returns:
+        Transaction JSON and signing secret.
+    """
+    return {
+        "secret": sender.seed,
+        "tx_json": {
+            "TransactionType": "OfferCancel",
+            "Account": sender.account,
+            "OfferSequence": max(1, sender.sequence - 1),
+            "Sequence": sender.sequence,
+        },
+    }
+
+
+def build_trust_set(sender: Account) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """Build a TrustSet transaction for a USD trust line.
+
+    Args:
+        sender: Account setting the trust line.
+
+    Returns:
+        Transaction JSON and signing secret.
+    """
+    return {
+        "secret": sender.seed,
+        "tx_json": {
+            "TransactionType": "TrustSet",
+            "Account": sender.account,
+            "LimitAmount": {
+                "currency": "USD",
+                "issuer": GENESIS_ACCOUNT,
+                "value": "1000000",
+            },
+            "Sequence": sender.sequence,
+        },
+    }
+
+
+def build_nftoken_mint(sender: Account) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """Build an NFTokenMint transaction.
+
+    Args:
+        sender: Account minting the NFT.
+
+    Returns:
+        Transaction JSON and signing secret.
+    """
+    return {
+        "secret": sender.seed,
+        "tx_json": {
+            "TransactionType": "NFTokenMint",
+            "Account": sender.account,
+            "NFTokenTaxon": random.randint(0, 100),
+            "Flags": 8,  # tfTransferable
+            "Sequence": sender.sequence,
+        },
+    }
+
+
+def build_nftoken_create_offer(sender: Account) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """Build an NFTokenCreateOffer transaction.
+
+    Uses a dummy NFTokenID — will fail but exercises the span pipeline.
+
+    Args:
+        sender: Account creating the NFT offer.
+
+    Returns:
+        Transaction JSON and signing secret.
+    """
+    return {
+        "secret": sender.seed,
+        "tx_json": {
+            "TransactionType": "NFTokenCreateOffer",
+            "Account": sender.account,
+            "NFTokenID": "0" * 64,
+            "Amount": str(random.randint(100000, 1000000)),
+            "Flags": 1,  # tfSellNFToken
+            "Sequence": sender.sequence,
+        },
+    }
+
+
+def build_escrow_create(sender: Account, receiver: Account) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """Build an EscrowCreate transaction.
+
+    Creates a time-based escrow that finishes 10 seconds from now.
+
+    Args:
+        sender:   Account creating the escrow.
+        receiver: Destination account for escrow funds.
+
+    Returns:
+        Transaction JSON and signing secret.
+    """
+    # Ripple epoch offset: 946684800 seconds from Unix epoch
+    ripple_time = int(time.time()) - 946684800
+    return {
+        "secret": sender.seed,
+        "tx_json": {
+            "TransactionType": "EscrowCreate",
+            "Account": sender.account,
+            "Destination": receiver.account,
+            "Amount": str(random.randint(100000, 1000000)),
+            "FinishAfter": ripple_time + 10,
+            "Sequence": sender.sequence,
+        },
+    }
+
+
+def build_escrow_finish(sender: Account, owner: Account) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """Build an EscrowFinish transaction.
+
+    Uses a dummy offer sequence — will likely fail but exercises spans.
+
+    Args:
+        sender: Account finishing the escrow.
+        owner:  Account that created the escrow.
+
+    Returns:
+        Transaction JSON and signing secret.
+    """
+    return {
+        "secret": sender.seed,
+        "tx_json": {
+            "TransactionType": "EscrowFinish",
+            "Account": sender.account,
+            "Owner": owner.account,
+            "OfferSequence": max(1, owner.sequence - 2),
+            "Sequence": sender.sequence,
+        },
+    }
+
+
+def build_amm_create(sender: Account) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """Build an AMMCreate transaction (XRP/USD pool).
+
+    Requires the AMM amendment to be enabled on the network.
+
+    Args:
+        sender: Account creating the AMM pool.
+
+    Returns:
+        Transaction JSON and signing secret.
+    """
+    return {
+        "secret": sender.seed,
+        "tx_json": {
+            "TransactionType": "AMMCreate",
+            "Account": sender.account,
+            "Amount": str(random.randint(10000000, 100000000)),
+            "Amount2": {
+                "currency": "USD",
+                "issuer": GENESIS_ACCOUNT,
+                "value": str(round(random.uniform(10.0, 1000.0), 2)),
+            },
+            "TradingFee": 500,  # 0.5%
+            "Sequence": sender.sequence,
+        },
+    }
+
+
+def build_amm_deposit(sender: Account) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """Build an AMMDeposit transaction.
+
+    Args:
+        sender: Account depositing into the AMM pool.
+
+    Returns:
+        Transaction JSON and signing secret.
+    """
+    return {
+        "secret": sender.seed,
+        "tx_json": {
+            "TransactionType": "AMMDeposit",
+            "Account": sender.account,
+            "Asset": {"currency": "XRP"},
+            "Asset2": {
+                "currency": "USD",
+                "issuer": GENESIS_ACCOUNT,
+            },
+            "Amount": str(random.randint(1000000, 10000000)),
+            "Flags": 0x00080000,  # tfSingleAsset
+            "Sequence": sender.sequence,
+        },
+    }
+
+
+# Transaction type -> builder function mapping.
+# Each builder takes (accounts: list[Account]) and returns submit params.
+TX_BUILDERS: dict[str, Any] = {
+    "Payment": lambda accts: build_payment(accts[0], accts[1]),
+    "OfferCreate": lambda accts: build_offer_create(accts[0]),
+    "OfferCancel": lambda accts: build_offer_cancel(accts[0]),
+    "TrustSet": lambda accts: build_trust_set(accts[2]),
+    "NFTokenMint": lambda accts: build_nftoken_mint(accts[3]),
+    "NFTokenCreateOffer": lambda accts: build_nftoken_create_offer(accts[3]),
+    "EscrowCreate": lambda accts: build_escrow_create(accts[4], accts[1]),
+    "EscrowFinish": lambda accts: build_escrow_finish(accts[4], accts[4]),
+    "AMMCreate": lambda accts: build_amm_create(accts[5]),
+    "AMMDeposit": lambda accts: build_amm_deposit(accts[5]),
+}
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Main submission loop
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+async def setup_accounts(
+    ws: websockets.WebSocketClientProtocol,
+) -> list[Account]:
+    """Create and fund test accounts from genesis.
+
+    Generates NUM_TEST_ACCOUNTS accounts via wallet_propose, then funds
+    each with FUND_AMOUNT XRP from genesis.
+
+    Args:
+        ws: Open WebSocket connection to a rippled node.
+
+    Returns:
+        List of funded Account instances.
+    """
+    account_names = ["alice", "bob", "carol", "dave", "eve", "frank", "grace", "heidi"]
+
+    logger.info("Creating %d test accounts...", NUM_TEST_ACCOUNTS)
+    accounts: list[Account] = []
+    for name in account_names[:NUM_TEST_ACCOUNTS]:
+        acct = await create_account(ws, name)
+        accounts.append(acct)
+        logger.info("  Created %s: %s", name, acct.account)
+
+    # Get genesis sequence.
+    genesis_seq = await get_account_sequence(ws, GENESIS_ACCOUNT)
+    logger.info("Genesis sequence: %d", genesis_seq)
+
+    # Fund all accounts.
+    logger.info("Funding test accounts...")
+    for acct in accounts:
+        success, genesis_seq = await fund_account(ws, acct, genesis_seq)
+        if success:
+            logger.info("  Funded %s", acct.name)
+        else:
+            logger.warning("  Failed to fund %s", acct.name)
+
+    # Wait for funding transactions to be validated.
+    logger.info("Waiting 10s for funding transactions to validate...")
+    await asyncio.sleep(10)
+
+    # Refresh sequence numbers for all accounts.
+    for acct in accounts:
+        try:
+            acct.sequence = await get_account_sequence(ws, acct.account)
+            logger.info("  %s sequence: %d", acct.name, acct.sequence)
+        except Exception as exc:
+            logger.warning("  Failed to get sequence for %s: %s", acct.name, exc)
+
+    return accounts
+
+
+async def submit_transaction(
+    ws: websockets.WebSocketClientProtocol,
+    tx_type: str,
+    accounts: list[Account],
+    stats: TxStats,
+) -> None:
+    """Submit a single transaction of the given type.
+
+    Selects the appropriate builder, constructs the transaction, submits
+    it via the submit RPC, and records the result.
+
+    Args:
+        ws:       Open WebSocket connection.
+        tx_type:  Transaction type name (e.g., "Payment").
+        accounts: List of funded test accounts.
+        stats:    TxStats instance to record results.
+    """
+    builder = TX_BUILDERS.get(tx_type)
+    if not builder:
+        logger.warning("Unknown transaction type: %s", tx_type)
+        return
+
+    try:
+        params = builder(accounts)
+        # Identify which account is the sender to bump its sequence.
+        sender_addr = params["tx_json"]["Account"]
+        sender = next((a for a in accounts if a.account == sender_addr), None)
+
+        resp = await ws_request(ws, "submit", params)
+        engine_result = resp.get("engine_result", "unknown")
+        success = engine_result in (
+            "tesSUCCESS",
+            "terQUEUED",
+            "tecUNFUNDED_OFFER",
+            "tecNO_DST_INSUF_XRP",
+        )
+        stats.record(tx_type, success)
+
+        if sender:
+            sender.sequence += 1
+
+        if not success:
+            logger.debug(
+                "%s result: %s (%s)",
+                tx_type,
+                engine_result,
+                resp.get("engine_result_message", ""),
+            )
+    except Exception as exc:
+        stats.record(tx_type, False)
+        logger.debug("%s error: %s", tx_type, exc)
+
+
+async def _refresh_sequences(
+    ws: websockets.WebSocketClientProtocol,
+    accounts: list[Account],
+) -> None:
+    """Re-sync account sequences from the validated ledger.
+
+    In a consensus network, other nodes' transactions advance sequences
+    beyond the submitter's local tracking.  Refreshing every ~10 s keeps
+    the local counter close to the ledger and prevents tefPAST_SEQ storms.
+    """
+    for acct in accounts:
+        try:
+            seq = await get_account_sequence(ws, acct.account)
+            if seq > acct.sequence:
+                acct.sequence = seq
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+
+async def run_submitter(
+    endpoint: str,
+    tps: float,
+    duration: float,
+    weights: dict[str, int],
+) -> TxStats:
+    """Run the transaction submitter against a single endpoint.
+
+    Args:
+        endpoint: WebSocket URL (ws://host:port).
+        tps:      Target transactions per second.
+        duration: Total run time in seconds.
+        weights:  Transaction type distribution weights.
+
+    Returns:
+        TxStats with aggregated results.
+    """
+    stats = TxStats()
+    interval = 1.0 / tps if tps > 0 else 0.5
+
+    ws = await websockets.connect(endpoint, ping_interval=20, ping_timeout=10)
+    logger.info("Connected to %s", endpoint)
+
+    try:
+        # Setup test accounts.
+        accounts = await setup_accounts(ws)
+        if len(accounts) < 6:
+            logger.error("Need at least 6 funded accounts, got %d", len(accounts))
+            return stats
+
+        # Build weighted command list.
+        tx_types = list(weights.keys())
+        tx_weights = [weights[t] for t in tx_types]
+
+        logger.info(
+            "Starting TX submission: tps=%s, duration=%ss, types=%d",
+            tps,
+            duration,
+            len(tx_types),
+        )
+
+        start = time.monotonic()
+        last_seq_refresh = start
+        seq_refresh_interval = 10.0
+        while (time.monotonic() - start) < duration:
+            # Periodically re-sync account sequences from the ledger so
+            # locally-tracked sequences don't drift behind consensus.
+            if (time.monotonic() - last_seq_refresh) >= seq_refresh_interval:
+                await _refresh_sequences(ws, accounts)
+                last_seq_refresh = time.monotonic()
+
+            tx_type = random.choices(tx_types, weights=tx_weights, k=1)[0]
+            await submit_transaction(ws, tx_type, accounts, stats)
+            await asyncio.sleep(interval)
+
+            # Progress logging every 50 transactions.
+            if stats.total_submitted % 50 == 0 and stats.total_submitted > 0:
+                elapsed = time.monotonic() - start
+                actual_tps = stats.total_submitted / elapsed if elapsed > 0 else 0
+                logger.info(
+                    "Progress: %d submitted, %d success, %d errors, "
+                    "%.1f TPS (%.0fs elapsed)",
+                    stats.total_submitted,
+                    stats.total_success,
+                    stats.total_errors,
+                    actual_tps,
+                    elapsed,
+                )
+
+    finally:
+        await ws.close()
+
+    elapsed = time.monotonic() - start
+    logger.info(
+        "Submission complete: %d submitted, %d success, %d errors "
+        "in %.1fs (%.1f TPS)",
+        stats.total_submitted,
+        stats.total_success,
+        stats.total_errors,
+        elapsed,
+        stats.total_submitted / elapsed if elapsed > 0 else 0,
+    )
+
+    return stats
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# CLI entry point
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def parse_args() -> argparse.Namespace:
+    """Parse command-line arguments."""
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+        description="Transaction Submitter for rippled telemetry validation",
+        formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter,
+        epilog="""
+Examples:
+  # Basic usage (5 TPS for 2 minutes):
+  python3 tx_submitter.py --endpoint ws://localhost:6006 --tps 5 --duration 120
+
+  # Custom transaction mix:
+  python3 tx_submitter.py --endpoint ws://localhost:6006 \\
+      --weights '{"Payment": 60, "OfferCreate": 20, "TrustSet": 20}'
+        """,
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--endpoint",
+        type=str,
+        default="ws://localhost:6006",
+        help="WebSocket endpoint (default: ws://localhost:6006)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--tps",
+        type=float,
+        default=5.0,
+        help="Target transactions per second (default: 5)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--duration",
+        type=float,
+        default=120.0,
+        help="Run duration in seconds (default: 120)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--weights",
+        type=str,
+        default=None,
+        help="JSON string of transaction type weights (overrides defaults)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--output",
+        type=str,
+        default=None,
+        help="Write JSON summary to this file path",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--verbose",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Enable debug logging",
+    )
+    return parser.parse_args()
+
+
+def main() -> None:
+    """Main entry point for the transaction submitter."""
+    args = parse_args()
+
+    logging.basicConfig(
+        level=logging.DEBUG if args.verbose else logging.INFO,
+        format="%(asctime)s [%(name)s] %(levelname)s %(message)s",
+    )
+
+    # Parse custom weights if provided.
+    weights = DEFAULT_TX_WEIGHTS.copy()
+    if args.weights:
+        try:
+            custom = json.loads(args.weights)
+            weights = {k: int(v) for k, v in custom.items()}
+            logger.info("Using custom weights: %s", weights)
+        except (json.JSONDecodeError, ValueError) as exc:
+            logger.error("Invalid --weights JSON: %s", exc)
+            sys.exit(1)
+
+    # Run the submitter.
+    stats = asyncio.run(
+        run_submitter(
+            endpoint=args.endpoint,
+            tps=args.tps,
+            duration=args.duration,
+            weights=weights,
+        )
+    )
+
+    summary = stats.summary()
+    print(json.dumps(summary, indent=2))
+
+    if args.output:
+        with open(args.output, "w") as f:
+            json.dump(summary, f, indent=2)
+        logger.info("Summary written to %s", args.output)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

docker/telemetry/workload/workload-profiles.json

@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+{
+  "profiles": {
+    "full-validation": {
+      "description": "Full 18-dashboard coverage with burst/idle/plateau patterns",
+      "phases": [
+        {
+          "name": "warmup",
+          "description": "Low load to populate baseline gauges and node health metrics",
+          "duration_sec": 30,
+          "rpc": {
+            "rate": 5,
+            "weights": { "server_info": 50, "fee": 30, "ledger": 20 }
+          },
+          "tx": null
+        },
+        {
+          "name": "steady-state",
+          "description": "Medium sustained load — plateau data for all dashboards",
+          "duration_sec": 60,
+          "rpc": { "rate": 30 },
+          "tx": { "tps": 3 }
+        },
+        {
+          "name": "rpc-burst",
+          "description": "Heavy RPC to saturate job queue and spike latency",
+          "duration_sec": 30,
+          "rpc": { "rate": 100 },
+          "tx": null
+        },
+        {
+          "name": "tx-flood",
+          "description": "High TX rate for fee escalation and TxQ pressure",
+          "duration_sec": 30,
+          "rpc": { "rate": 5, "weights": { "server_info": 50, "fee": 50 } },
+          "tx": {
+            "tps": 20,
+            "weights": { "Payment": 70, "OfferCreate": 20, "TrustSet": 10 }
+          }
+        },
+        {
+          "name": "mixed-peak",
+          "description": "Realistic peak load — consensus and ledger ops under stress",
+          "duration_sec": 60,
+          "rpc": { "rate": 50 },
+          "tx": { "tps": 10 }
+        },
+        {
+          "name": "cooldown",
+          "description": "Low load for recovery metrics and state transition data",
+          "duration_sec": 30,
+          "rpc": { "rate": 5, "weights": { "server_info": 80, "fee": 20 } },
+          "tx": null
+        }
+      ],
+      "propagation_wait_sec": 60
+    },
+    "quick-smoke": {
+      "description": "Fast smoke test — minimal data for CI quick checks",
+      "phases": [
+        {
+          "name": "smoke",
+          "description": "Single phase covering all generator types",
+          "duration_sec": 30,
+          "rpc": { "rate": 20 },
+          "tx": { "tps": 3 }
+        }
+      ],
+      "propagation_wait_sec": 30
+    },
+    "stress": {
+      "description": "Heavy sustained load for performance benchmarking",
+      "phases": [
+        {
+          "name": "ramp-up",
+          "description": "Gradually increasing load",
+          "duration_sec": 30,
+          "rpc": { "rate": 20 },
+          "tx": { "tps": 5 }
+        },
+        {
+          "name": "peak",
+          "description": "Maximum sustained load",
+          "duration_sec": 120,
+          "rpc": { "rate": 150 },
+          "tx": { "tps": 25 }
+        },
+        {
+          "name": "sustain",
+          "description": "Continued high load for stability check",
+          "duration_sec": 60,
+          "rpc": { "rate": 100 },
+          "tx": { "tps": 15 }
+        }
+      ],
+      "propagation_wait_sec": 60
+    }
+  }
+}

docker/telemetry/workload/workload_orchestrator.py

@@ -0,0 +1,503 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""Workload Orchestrator for rippled telemetry validation.
+
+Reads a named profile from workload-profiles.json and executes sequential
+load phases, each with configurable RPC and TX parameters.  Produces a
+combined report with per-phase results.
+
+Phases run sequentially.  Within each phase, the RPC load generator and
+transaction submitter run concurrently (if both are configured).
+
+Orchestration Flow::
+
+    workload-profiles.json
+           |
+           v
+    workload_orchestrator.py
+           |
+      +----+----+----+----+----+----+
+      | Phase 1 | Phase 2 | ...... | Phase N |
+      +----+----+----+----+----+----+
+           |              |
+      +----+----+    +----+----+
+      | rpc_load |    | tx_sub  |   (concurrent within phase)
+      | _gen.py  |    | mitter  |
+      +----+----+    +----+----+
+           |              |
+           v              v
+      per-phase JSON reports
+           |
+           v
+      combined-report.json
+
+Usage:
+    python3 workload_orchestrator.py --profile full-validation
+    python3 workload_orchestrator.py --profile quick-smoke --endpoints ws://localhost:6006
+    python3 workload_orchestrator.py --profile stress --report /tmp/report.json
+
+Profiles are defined in workload-profiles.json in the same directory.
+"""
+
+import argparse
+import asyncio
+import json
+import logging
+import sys
+import time
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Any
+
+logger = logging.getLogger("workload_orchestrator")
+
+SCRIPT_DIR = Path(__file__).parent.resolve()
+PROFILES_FILE = SCRIPT_DIR / "workload-profiles.json"
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Data classes
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@dataclass
+class PhaseResult:
+    """Result of a single workload phase.
+
+    Attributes:
+        name:         Phase name from the profile.
+        duration_sec: Configured duration.
+        actual_sec:   Actual elapsed time.
+        rpc_summary:  JSON summary from rpc_load_generator, or None.
+        tx_summary:   JSON summary from tx_submitter, or None.
+        errors:       List of error messages from subprocess failures.
+    """
+
+    name: str
+    duration_sec: int
+    actual_sec: float = 0.0
+    rpc_summary: dict[str, Any] | None = None
+    tx_summary: dict[str, Any] | None = None
+    errors: list[str] = field(default_factory=list)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Profile loading
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def load_profile(profile_name: str) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """Load a named profile from workload-profiles.json.
+
+    Args:
+        profile_name: Key in the profiles dict (e.g., "full-validation").
+
+    Returns:
+        The profile dict with phases and propagation_wait_sec.
+
+    Raises:
+        SystemExit: If the profile file or name is not found.
+    """
+    if not PROFILES_FILE.exists():
+        logger.error("Profiles file not found: %s", PROFILES_FILE)
+        sys.exit(2)
+
+    with open(PROFILES_FILE) as f:
+        data = json.load(f)
+
+    profiles = data.get("profiles", {})
+    if profile_name not in profiles:
+        available = ", ".join(profiles.keys())
+        logger.error("Profile '%s' not found. Available: %s", profile_name, available)
+        sys.exit(2)
+
+    profile = profiles[profile_name]
+
+    # Validate profile schema — fail fast on bad config.
+    phases = profile.get("phases", [])
+    if not isinstance(phases, list) or not phases:
+        logger.error("Profile '%s' has no valid phases", profile_name)
+        sys.exit(2)
+    for i, phase in enumerate(phases):
+        if not isinstance(phase.get("name"), str):
+            logger.error("Phase %d missing valid 'name'", i)
+            sys.exit(2)
+        if (
+            not isinstance(phase.get("duration_sec"), (int, float))
+            or phase["duration_sec"] <= 0
+        ):
+            logger.error(
+                "Phase %d '%s' has invalid duration_sec",
+                i,
+                phase.get("name"),
+            )
+            sys.exit(2)
+
+    logger.info(
+        "Loaded profile '%s': %s (%d phases)",
+        profile_name,
+        profile.get("description", ""),
+        len(phases),
+    )
+    return profile
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Subprocess execution
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+async def run_subprocess(cmd: list[str], label: str) -> tuple[int, str, str]:
+    """Run a subprocess and capture its stdout and stderr.
+
+    Args:
+        cmd:   Command and arguments.
+        label: Human-readable label for logging.
+
+    Returns:
+        Tuple of (return_code, stdout_text, stderr_text).
+    """
+    logger.debug("Starting %s: %s", label, " ".join(cmd))
+    proc = await asyncio.create_subprocess_exec(
+        *cmd,
+        stdout=asyncio.subprocess.PIPE,
+        stderr=asyncio.subprocess.PIPE,
+    )
+    stdout, stderr = await proc.communicate()
+    if proc.returncode != 0:
+        logger.warning(
+            "%s exited with code %d: %s",
+            label,
+            proc.returncode,
+            stderr.decode().strip()[-500:],
+        )
+    return proc.returncode, stdout.decode(), stderr.decode()
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Phase execution
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def _collect_task_result(
+    label: str,
+    returncode: int,
+    stderr: str,
+    report_path: Path,
+    result: PhaseResult,
+) -> None:
+    """Process the result of a completed subprocess task.
+
+    Reads the JSON report file (if it exists) and records any errors.
+
+    Args:
+        label:       "rpc" or "tx".
+        returncode:  Subprocess exit code.
+        stderr:      Captured stderr text.
+        report_path: Path to the JSON report file.
+        result:      PhaseResult to update.
+    """
+    if report_path.exists():
+        try:
+            with open(report_path) as f:
+                summary = json.load(f)
+            if label == "rpc":
+                result.rpc_summary = summary
+            elif label == "tx":
+                result.tx_summary = summary
+        except (json.JSONDecodeError, OSError) as exc:
+            logger.warning("Failed to parse %s report %s: %s", label, report_path, exc)
+            result.errors.append(f"Failed to parse {label} report: {exc}")
+
+    if returncode != 0:
+        snippet = stderr.strip()[-200:] if stderr else ""
+        result.errors.append(
+            f"{label.upper()} generator exited with {returncode}: {snippet}"
+        )
+
+
+def _build_rpc_cmd(
+    endpoints: list[str], rpc_cfg: dict[str, Any], duration: int, output: Path
+) -> list[str]:
+    """Build the command list for the RPC load generator subprocess."""
+    cmd = [
+        sys.executable,
+        str(SCRIPT_DIR / "rpc_load_generator.py"),
+        "--endpoints",
+        *endpoints,
+        "--rate",
+        str(rpc_cfg.get("rate", 50)),
+        "--duration",
+        str(duration),
+        "--output",
+        str(output),
+    ]
+    weights = rpc_cfg.get("weights")
+    if weights:
+        cmd.extend(["--weights", json.dumps(weights)])
+    return cmd
+
+
+def _build_tx_cmd(
+    endpoint: str, tx_cfg: dict[str, Any], duration: int, output: Path
+) -> list[str]:
+    """Build the command list for the TX submitter subprocess."""
+    cmd = [
+        sys.executable,
+        str(SCRIPT_DIR / "tx_submitter.py"),
+        "--endpoint",
+        endpoint,
+        "--tps",
+        str(tx_cfg.get("tps", 5)),
+        "--duration",
+        str(duration),
+        "--output",
+        str(output),
+    ]
+    weights = tx_cfg.get("weights")
+    if weights:
+        cmd.extend(["--weights", json.dumps(weights)])
+    return cmd
+
+
+async def run_phase(
+    phase: dict[str, Any],
+    endpoints: list[str],
+    report_dir: Path,
+    phase_idx: int,
+) -> PhaseResult:
+    """Execute a single workload phase.
+
+    Launches rpc_load_generator.py and/or tx_submitter.py as subprocesses
+    based on the phase configuration.  Both run concurrently if configured.
+
+    Args:
+        phase:      Phase dict from the profile.
+        endpoints:  List of WebSocket endpoint URLs.
+        report_dir: Directory for per-phase JSON reports.
+        phase_idx:  Phase index (for file naming).
+
+    Returns:
+        PhaseResult with subprocess outputs.
+    """
+    name = phase["name"]
+    duration = phase["duration_sec"]
+    result = PhaseResult(name=name, duration_sec=duration)
+    prefix = f"phase{phase_idx + 1}-{name}"
+
+    logger.info(
+        "=== Phase %d: %s (%ds) — %s ===",
+        phase_idx + 1,
+        name,
+        duration,
+        phase.get("description", ""),
+    )
+
+    tasks: list[tuple[str, Path, asyncio.Task]] = []
+    t0 = time.monotonic()
+
+    rpc_cfg = phase.get("rpc")
+    if rpc_cfg:
+        rpc_out = report_dir / f"{prefix}-rpc.json"
+        cmd = _build_rpc_cmd(endpoints, rpc_cfg, duration, rpc_out)
+        tasks.append(
+            ("rpc", rpc_out, asyncio.create_task(run_subprocess(cmd, f"RPC [{name}]")))
+        )
+
+    tx_cfg = phase.get("tx")
+    if tx_cfg:
+        tx_out = report_dir / f"{prefix}-tx.json"
+        cmd = _build_tx_cmd(endpoints[0], tx_cfg, duration, tx_out)
+        tasks.append(
+            ("tx", tx_out, asyncio.create_task(run_subprocess(cmd, f"TX [{name}]")))
+        )
+
+    if not tasks:
+        logger.warning(
+            "Phase %d: %s — no workload configured, skipping", phase_idx + 1, name
+        )
+        return result
+
+    for label, report_path, task in tasks:
+        returncode, _stdout, stderr = await task
+        _collect_task_result(label, returncode, stderr, report_path, result)
+
+    result.actual_sec = time.monotonic() - t0
+    logger.info(
+        "Phase %d complete: %.1fs actual, %d errors",
+        phase_idx + 1,
+        result.actual_sec,
+        len(result.errors),
+    )
+    return result
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Profile execution
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+async def run_profile(
+    profile: dict[str, Any],
+    endpoints: list[str],
+    report_dir: Path,
+) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """Execute all phases in a profile sequentially.
+
+    Args:
+        profile:    Profile dict with phases and propagation_wait_sec.
+        endpoints:  WebSocket endpoints for the rippled cluster.
+        report_dir: Directory for phase reports.
+
+    Returns:
+        Combined report dict with per-phase results and totals.
+    """
+    phases = profile.get("phases", [])
+    propagation_wait = profile.get("propagation_wait_sec", 60)
+    results: list[PhaseResult] = []
+
+    total_start = time.monotonic()
+
+    for idx, phase in enumerate(phases):
+        result = await run_phase(phase, endpoints, report_dir, idx)
+        results.append(result)
+
+    # Wait for telemetry data to propagate through the collector pipeline.
+    logger.info("Waiting %ds for telemetry data to propagate...", propagation_wait)
+    await asyncio.sleep(propagation_wait)
+
+    total_elapsed = time.monotonic() - total_start
+
+    # Build combined report from all phase results.
+    total_rpc_sent = 0
+    total_rpc_errors = 0
+    total_tx_submitted = 0
+    total_tx_errors = 0
+    phase_reports = []
+
+    for r in results:
+        pr: dict[str, Any] = {
+            "name": r.name,
+            "duration_sec": r.duration_sec,
+            "actual_sec": round(r.actual_sec, 1),
+            "errors": r.errors,
+        }
+        if r.rpc_summary:
+            pr["rpc"] = r.rpc_summary
+            total_rpc_sent += r.rpc_summary.get("total_sent", 0)
+            total_rpc_errors += r.rpc_summary.get("total_errors", 0)
+        if r.tx_summary:
+            pr["tx"] = r.tx_summary
+            total_tx_submitted += r.tx_summary.get("total_submitted", 0)
+            total_tx_errors += r.tx_summary.get("total_errors", 0)
+        phase_reports.append(pr)
+
+    report = {
+        "profile": profile.get("description", ""),
+        "total_elapsed_sec": round(total_elapsed, 1),
+        "phases": phase_reports,
+        "totals": {
+            "rpc_sent": total_rpc_sent,
+            "rpc_errors": total_rpc_errors,
+            "tx_submitted": total_tx_submitted,
+            "tx_errors": total_tx_errors,
+        },
+    }
+
+    return report
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# CLI entry point
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def parse_args() -> argparse.Namespace:
+    """Parse command-line arguments."""
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+        description="Workload Orchestrator for rippled telemetry validation",
+        formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter,
+        epilog="""
+Profiles:
+  full-validation  Full 18-dashboard coverage (~5 min load + 1 min propagation)
+  quick-smoke      Fast CI smoke test (~30s load + 30s propagation)
+  stress           Heavy sustained load for benchmarking (~3.5 min + 1 min)
+
+Examples:
+  python3 workload_orchestrator.py --profile full-validation
+  python3 workload_orchestrator.py --profile quick-smoke --endpoints ws://localhost:6006
+  python3 workload_orchestrator.py --profile stress --report /tmp/report.json
+        """,
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--profile",
+        type=str,
+        required=True,
+        help="Named profile from workload-profiles.json",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--endpoints",
+        nargs="+",
+        default=["ws://localhost:6006"],
+        help="WebSocket endpoints (default: ws://localhost:6006)",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--report",
+        type=str,
+        default=None,
+        help="Write combined JSON report to this file",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--report-dir",
+        type=str,
+        default="/tmp/xrpld-validation/reports",
+        help="Directory for per-phase reports",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--verbose",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Enable debug logging",
+    )
+    return parser.parse_args()
+
+
+def main() -> None:
+    """Main entry point for the workload orchestrator."""
+    args = parse_args()
+
+    logging.basicConfig(
+        level=logging.DEBUG if args.verbose else logging.INFO,
+        format="%(asctime)s [%(name)s] %(levelname)s %(message)s",
+    )
+
+    profile = load_profile(args.profile)
+    report_dir = Path(args.report_dir)
+    report_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+
+    report = asyncio.run(run_profile(profile, args.endpoints, report_dir))
+
+    print(json.dumps(report, indent=2))
+
+    if args.report:
+        with open(args.report, "w") as f:
+            json.dump(report, f, indent=2)
+        logger.info("Combined report written to %s", args.report)
+
+    # Exit with error if either generator had high error rates.
+    totals = report["totals"]
+    rpc_err_rate = (
+        totals["rpc_errors"] / totals["rpc_sent"] * 100 if totals["rpc_sent"] > 0 else 0
+    )
+    tx_err_rate = (
+        totals["tx_errors"] / totals["tx_submitted"] * 100
+        if totals["tx_submitted"] > 0
+        else 0
+    )
+    if rpc_err_rate > 50 or tx_err_rate > 50:
+        logger.error(
+            "High error rates: RPC=%.1f%%, TX=%.1f%%", rpc_err_rate, tx_err_rate
+        )
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

docker/telemetry/workload/xrpld-validator.cfg.template

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+# xrpld validator node configuration template for workload harness.
+#
+# Placeholders (replaced by docker-compose entrypoint):
+#   {{NODE_INDEX}}        — Node number (1-based)
+#   {{RPC_PORT}}          — HTTP RPC port
+#   {{WS_PORT}}           — WebSocket port
+#   {{PEER_PORT}}         — Peer protocol port
+#   {{DATA_DIR}}          — Node data directory
+#   {{VALIDATION_SEED}}   — Validator seed from key generation
+#   {{VALIDATORS_FILE}}   — Path to shared validators.txt
+#   {{IPS_FIXED}}         — Peer addresses (one per line)
+#   {{OTEL_ENDPOINT}}     — OTel Collector OTLP/HTTP endpoint
+#   {{STATSD_ADDRESS}}    — StatsD UDP address (host:port)
+#   {{LOG_LEVEL}}         — Log level (debug, info, warning, error)
+
+[server]
+port_rpc
+port_ws
+port_peer
+
+[port_rpc]
+port = {{RPC_PORT}}
+ip = 0.0.0.0
+admin = 0.0.0.0
+protocol = http
+
+[port_ws]
+port = {{WS_PORT}}
+ip = 0.0.0.0
+admin = 0.0.0.0
+protocol = ws
+
+[port_peer]
+port = {{PEER_PORT}}
+ip = 0.0.0.0
+protocol = peer
+
+[node_db]
+type=NuDB
+path={{DATA_DIR}}/nudb
+online_delete=256
+
+[database_path]
+{{DATA_DIR}}/db
+
+[debug_logfile]
+{{DATA_DIR}}/debug.log
+
+[validation_seed]
+{{VALIDATION_SEED}}
+
+[validators_file]
+{{VALIDATORS_FILE}}
+
+[ips_fixed]
+{{IPS_FIXED}}
+
+[peer_private]
+1
+
+# --- OpenTelemetry tracing (all categories enabled) ---
+[telemetry]
+enabled=1
+service_instance_id=validator-{{NODE_INDEX}}
+endpoint={{OTEL_ENDPOINT}}
+exporter=otlp_http
+sampling_ratio=1.0
+batch_size=512
+batch_delay_ms=2000
+max_queue_size=2048
+trace_rpc=1
+trace_transactions=1
+trace_consensus=1
+trace_peer=1
+trace_ledger=1
+
+# --- StatsD metrics (beast::insight) ---
+[insight]
+server=statsd
+address={{STATSD_ADDRESS}}
+prefix=rippled
+
+[rpc_startup]
+{ "command": "log_level", "severity": "{{LOG_LEVEL}}" }
+
+[ssl_verify]
+0
+
+# --- Network tuning for local cluster ---
+[network_id]
+0
+
+[sntp_servers]
+time.google.com