Merge branch 'pratik/otel-phase5-docs-deployment' into pratik/otel-phase6-statsd

# Conflicts:
#	docs/telemetry-runbook.md

.clang-format

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ BinPackParameters: false
 BreakBeforeBinaryOperators: false
 BreakBeforeTernaryOperators: true
 BreakConstructorInitializersBeforeComma: true
-ColumnLimit: 80
+ColumnLimit: 100
 CommentPragmas: "^ IWYU pragma:"
 ConstructorInitializerAllOnOneLineOrOnePerLine: true
 ConstructorInitializerIndentWidth: 4
@@ -50,20 +50,21 @@ ForEachMacros: [Q_FOREACH, BOOST_FOREACH]
 IncludeBlocks: Regroup
 IncludeCategories:
   - Regex: "^<(test)/"
-    Priority: 0
-  - Regex: "^<(xrpld)/"
     Priority: 1
-  - Regex: "^<(xrpl)/"
+  - Regex: "^<(xrpld)/"
     Priority: 2
-  - Regex: "^<(boost)/"
+  - Regex: "^<(xrpl)/"
     Priority: 3
-  - Regex: "^.*/"
+  - Regex: "^<(boost)/"
     Priority: 4
-  - Regex: '^.*\.h'
+  - Regex: "^.*/"
     Priority: 5
-  - Regex: ".*"
+  - Regex: '^.*\.h'
     Priority: 6
+  - Regex: ".*"
+    Priority: 7
 IncludeIsMainRegex: "$"
+MainIncludeChar: AngleBracket
 IndentCaseLabels: true
 IndentFunctionDeclarationAfterType: false
 IndentRequiresClause: true

.clang-tidy

@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+---
+# This entire group of checks was applied to all cpp files but not all header files.
+# ---
+Checks: "-*,
+  bugprone-argument-comment,
+  bugprone-assert-side-effect,
+  bugprone-bad-signal-to-kill-thread,
+  bugprone-bool-pointer-implicit-conversion,
+  bugprone-casting-through-void,
+  bugprone-chained-comparison,
+  bugprone-compare-pointer-to-member-virtual-function,
+  bugprone-copy-constructor-init,
+  bugprone-crtp-constructor-accessibility,
+  bugprone-dangling-handle,
+  bugprone-dynamic-static-initializers,
+  bugprone-empty-catch,
+  bugprone-fold-init-type,
+  bugprone-forward-declaration-namespace,
+  bugprone-inaccurate-erase,
+  bugprone-inc-dec-in-conditions,
+  bugprone-incorrect-enable-if,
+  bugprone-incorrect-roundings,
+  bugprone-infinite-loop,
+  bugprone-integer-division,
+  bugprone-lambda-function-name,
+  bugprone-macro-parentheses,
+  bugprone-macro-repeated-side-effects,
+  bugprone-misplaced-operator-in-strlen-in-alloc,
+  bugprone-misplaced-pointer-arithmetic-in-alloc,
+  bugprone-misplaced-widening-cast,
+  bugprone-move-forwarding-reference,
+  bugprone-multi-level-implicit-pointer-conversion,
+  bugprone-multiple-new-in-one-expression,
+  bugprone-multiple-statement-macro,
+  bugprone-no-escape,
+  bugprone-non-zero-enum-to-bool-conversion,
+  bugprone-optional-value-conversion,
+  bugprone-parent-virtual-call,
+  bugprone-pointer-arithmetic-on-polymorphic-object,
+  bugprone-posix-return,
+  bugprone-redundant-branch-condition,
+  bugprone-reserved-identifier,
+  bugprone-return-const-ref-from-parameter,
+  bugprone-shared-ptr-array-mismatch,
+  bugprone-signal-handler,
+  bugprone-signed-char-misuse,
+  bugprone-sizeof-container,
+  bugprone-sizeof-expression,
+  bugprone-spuriously-wake-up-functions,
+  bugprone-standalone-empty,
+  bugprone-string-constructor,
+  bugprone-string-integer-assignment,
+  bugprone-string-literal-with-embedded-nul,
+  bugprone-stringview-nullptr,
+  bugprone-suspicious-enum-usage,
+  bugprone-suspicious-include,
+  bugprone-suspicious-memory-comparison,
+  bugprone-suspicious-memset-usage,
+  bugprone-suspicious-missing-comma,
+  bugprone-suspicious-realloc-usage,
+  bugprone-suspicious-semicolon,
+  bugprone-suspicious-string-compare,
+  bugprone-suspicious-stringview-data-usage,
+  bugprone-swapped-arguments,
+  bugprone-switch-missing-default-case,
+  bugprone-terminating-continue,
+  bugprone-throw-keyword-missing,
+  bugprone-too-small-loop-variable,
+  bugprone-unchecked-optional-access,
+  bugprone-undefined-memory-manipulation,
+  bugprone-undelegated-constructor,
+  bugprone-unhandled-exception-at-new,
+  bugprone-unhandled-self-assignment,
+  bugprone-unique-ptr-array-mismatch,
+  bugprone-unsafe-functions,
+  bugprone-use-after-move,
+  bugprone-unused-raii,
+  bugprone-unused-return-value,
+  bugprone-unused-local-non-trivial-variable,
+  bugprone-virtual-near-miss,
+  cppcoreguidelines-init-variables,
+  cppcoreguidelines-misleading-capture-default-by-value,
+  cppcoreguidelines-no-suspend-with-lock,
+  cppcoreguidelines-pro-type-member-init,
+  cppcoreguidelines-pro-type-static-cast-downcast,
+  cppcoreguidelines-rvalue-reference-param-not-moved,
+  cppcoreguidelines-use-default-member-init,
+  cppcoreguidelines-virtual-class-destructor,
+  hicpp-ignored-remove-result,
+  misc-const-correctness,
+  misc-definitions-in-headers,
+  misc-header-include-cycle,
+  misc-include-cleaner,
+  misc-misplaced-const,
+  misc-redundant-expression,
+  misc-static-assert,
+  misc-throw-by-value-catch-by-reference,
+  misc-unused-alias-decls,
+  misc-unused-using-decls,
+  modernize-concat-nested-namespaces,
+  modernize-make-shared,
+  modernize-make-unique,
+  modernize-pass-by-value,
+  modernize-type-traits,
+  modernize-use-designated-initializers,
+  modernize-use-emplace,
+  modernize-use-equals-default,
+  modernize-use-equals-delete,
+  modernize-use-nodiscard,
+  modernize-use-override,
+  modernize-use-ranges,
+  modernize-use-starts-ends-with,
+  modernize-use-std-numbers,
+  modernize-use-using,
+  modernize-deprecated-headers,
+  llvm-namespace-comment,
+  performance-faster-string-find,
+  performance-for-range-copy,
+  performance-implicit-conversion-in-loop,
+  performance-inefficient-vector-operation,
+  performance-move-const-arg,
+  performance-move-constructor-init,
+  performance-no-automatic-move,
+  performance-trivially-destructible,
+  readability-avoid-nested-conditional-operator,
+  readability-avoid-return-with-void-value,
+  readability-braces-around-statements,
+  readability-const-return-type,
+  readability-container-contains,
+  readability-container-size-empty,
+  readability-convert-member-functions-to-static,
+  readability-duplicate-include,
+  readability-else-after-return,
+  readability-enum-initial-value,
+  readability-implicit-bool-conversion,
+  readability-make-member-function-const,
+  readability-math-missing-parentheses,
+  readability-misleading-indentation,
+  readability-non-const-parameter,
+  readability-redundant-casting,
+  readability-redundant-declaration,
+  readability-redundant-inline-specifier,
+  readability-redundant-member-init,
+  readability-redundant-string-init,
+  readability-reference-to-constructed-temporary,
+  readability-simplify-boolean-expr,
+  readability-static-definition-in-anonymous-namespace,
+  readability-suspicious-call-argument,
+  readability-use-std-min-max
+  "
+# ---
+# other checks that have issues that need to be resolved:
+#
+# readability-inconsistent-declaration-parameter-name, # in this codebase this check will break a lot of arg names
+# readability-static-accessed-through-instance,        # this check is probably unnecessary. it makes the code less readable
+# readability-identifier-naming,                       # https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/6571
+# ---
+#
+CheckOptions:
+  readability-braces-around-statements.ShortStatementLines: 2
+  #   readability-identifier-naming.MacroDefinitionCase: UPPER_CASE
+  #   readability-identifier-naming.ClassCase: CamelCase
+  #   readability-identifier-naming.StructCase: CamelCase
+  #   readability-identifier-naming.UnionCase: CamelCase
+  #   readability-identifier-naming.EnumCase: CamelCase
+  #   readability-identifier-naming.EnumConstantCase: CamelCase
+  #   readability-identifier-naming.ScopedEnumConstantCase: CamelCase
+  #   readability-identifier-naming.GlobalConstantCase: UPPER_CASE
+  #   readability-identifier-naming.GlobalConstantPrefix: "k"
+  #   readability-identifier-naming.GlobalVariableCase: CamelCase
+  #   readability-identifier-naming.GlobalVariablePrefix: "g"
+  #   readability-identifier-naming.ConstexprFunctionCase: camelBack
+  #   readability-identifier-naming.ConstexprMethodCase: camelBack
+  #   readability-identifier-naming.ClassMethodCase: camelBack
+  #   readability-identifier-naming.ClassMemberCase: camelBack
+  #   readability-identifier-naming.ClassConstantCase: UPPER_CASE
+  #   readability-identifier-naming.ClassConstantPrefix: "k"
+  #   readability-identifier-naming.StaticConstantCase: UPPER_CASE
+  #   readability-identifier-naming.StaticConstantPrefix: "k"
+  #   readability-identifier-naming.StaticVariableCase: UPPER_CASE
+  #   readability-identifier-naming.StaticVariablePrefix: "k"
+  #   readability-identifier-naming.ConstexprVariableCase: UPPER_CASE
+  #   readability-identifier-naming.ConstexprVariablePrefix: "k"
+  #   readability-identifier-naming.LocalConstantCase: camelBack
+  #   readability-identifier-naming.LocalVariableCase: camelBack
+  #   readability-identifier-naming.TemplateParameterCase: CamelCase
+  #   readability-identifier-naming.ParameterCase: camelBack
+  #   readability-identifier-naming.FunctionCase: camelBack
+  #   readability-identifier-naming.MemberCase: camelBack
+  #   readability-identifier-naming.PrivateMemberSuffix: _
+  #   readability-identifier-naming.ProtectedMemberSuffix: _
+  #   readability-identifier-naming.PublicMemberSuffix: ""
+  #   readability-identifier-naming.FunctionIgnoredRegexp: ".*tag_invoke.*"
+  bugprone-unsafe-functions.ReportMoreUnsafeFunctions: true
+  bugprone-unused-return-value.CheckedReturnTypes: ::std::error_code;::std::error_condition;::std::errc
+  misc-include-cleaner.IgnoreHeaders: ".*/(detail|impl)/.*;.*fwd\\.h(pp)?;time.h;stdlib.h;sqlite3.h;netinet/in\\.h;sys/resource\\.h;sys/sysinfo\\.h;linux/sysinfo\\.h;__chrono/.*;bits/.*;_abort\\.h;boost/uuid/uuid_hash.hpp;boost/beast/core/flat_buffer\\.hpp;boost/beast/http/field\\.hpp;boost/beast/http/dynamic_body\\.hpp;boost/beast/http/message\\.hpp;boost/beast/http/read\\.hpp;boost/beast/http/write\\.hpp;openssl/obj_mac\\.h"
+#
+HeaderFilterRegex: '^.*/(test|xrpl|xrpld)/.*\.(h|hpp)$'
+ExcludeHeaderFilterRegex: '^.*/protocol_autogen/.*\.(h|hpp)$'
+WarningsAsErrors: "*"

.codecov.yml

@@ -36,3 +36,6 @@ ignore:
   - "src/tests/"
   - "include/xrpl/beast/test/"
   - "include/xrpl/beast/unit_test/"
+  # Telemetry modules — conditionally compiled behind XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY,
+  # which is not enabled in coverage builds.
+  - "src/xrpld/telemetry/"

.gersemi/definitions.cmake

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+# Custom CMake command definitions for gersemi formatting.
+# These stubs teach gersemi the signatures of project-specific commands
+# so it can format their invocations correctly.
+
+function(git_branch branch_val)
+endfunction()
+
+function(isolate_headers target A B scope)
+endfunction()
+
+function(create_symbolic_link target link)
+endfunction()
+
+function(xrpl_add_test name)
+endfunction()
+
+macro(exclude_from_default target_)
+endmacro()
+
+macro(exclude_if_included target_)
+endmacro()
+
+function(target_protobuf_sources target prefix)
+    set(options APPEND_PATH DESCRIPTORS)
+    set(oneValueArgs
+        LANGUAGE
+        OUT_VAR
+        EXPORT_MACRO
+        TARGET
+        PROTOC_OUT_DIR
+        PLUGIN
+        PLUGIN_OPTIONS
+        PROTOC_EXE
+    )
+    set(multiValueArgs
+        PROTOS
+        IMPORT_DIRS
+        GENERATE_EXTENSIONS
+        PROTOC_OPTIONS
+        DEPENDENCIES
+    )
+    cmake_parse_arguments(
+        THIS_FUNCTION_PREFIX
+        "${options}"
+        "${oneValueArgs}"
+        "${multiValueArgs}"
+        ${ARGN}
+    )
+endfunction()
+
+function(add_module parent name)
+endfunction()
+
+function(setup_protocol_autogen)
+endfunction()
+
+function(target_link_modules parent scope)
+endfunction()
+
+function(setup_target_for_coverage_gcovr)
+    set(options NONE)
+    set(oneValueArgs BASE_DIRECTORY NAME FORMAT)
+    set(multiValueArgs EXCLUDE EXECUTABLE EXECUTABLE_ARGS DEPENDENCIES)
+    cmake_parse_arguments(
+        THIS_FUNCTION_PREFIX
+        "${options}"
+        "${oneValueArgs}"
+        "${multiValueArgs}"
+        ${ARGN}
+    )
+endfunction()
+
+function(add_code_coverage_to_target name scope)
+endfunction()
+
+function(verbose_find_path variable name)
+    set(options
+        NO_CACHE
+        REQUIRED
+        OPTIONAL
+        NO_DEFAULT_PATH
+        NO_PACKAGE_ROOT_PATH
+        NO_CMAKE_PATH
+        NO_CMAKE_ENVIRONMENT_PATH
+        NO_SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_PATH
+        NO_CMAKE_SYSTEM_PATH
+        NO_CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX
+        CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_BOTH
+        ONLY_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH
+        NO_CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH
+    )
+    set(oneValueArgs REGISTRY_VIEW VALIDATOR DOC)
+    set(multiValueArgs NAMES HINTS PATHS PATH_SUFFIXES)
+    cmake_parse_arguments(
+        THIS_FUNCTION_PREFIX
+        "${options}"
+        "${oneValueArgs}"
+        "${multiValueArgs}"
+        ${ARGN}
+    )
+endfunction()

.gersemirc

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+definitions: [.gersemi]

.git-blame-ignore-revs

@@ -1,16 +1,79 @@
 # This feature requires Git >= 2.24
 # To use it by default in git blame:
 # git config blame.ignoreRevsFile .git-blame-ignore-revs
-50760c693510894ca368e90369b0cc2dabfd07f3
-e2384885f5f630c8f0ffe4bf21a169b433a16858
-241b9ddde9e11beb7480600fd5ed90e1ef109b21
-760f16f56835663d9286bd29294d074de26a7ba6
-0eebe6a5f4246fced516d52b83ec4e7f47373edd
-2189cc950c0cebb89e4e2fa3b2d8817205bf7cef
-b9d007813378ad0ff45660dc07285b823c7e9855
-fe9a5365b8a52d4acc42eb27369247e6f238a4f9
-9a93577314e6a8d4b4a8368cc9d2b15a5d8303e8
-552377c76f55b403a1c876df873a23d780fcc81c
-97f0747e103f13e26e45b731731059b32f7679ac
-b13370ac0d207217354f1fc1c29aef87769fb8a1
+
+# This file is sorted in reverse chronological order, with the most recent commits at the top.
+# The commits listed here are ignored by git blame, which is useful for formatting-only commits that would otherwise obscure the history of changes to a file.
+
+# refactor: Enable remaining clang-tidy `cppcoreguidelines` checks (#6538)
+72f4cb097f626b08b02fc3efcb4aa11cb2e7adb8
+# refactor: Rename system name from 'ripple' to 'xrpld' (#6347)
+ffea3977f0b771fe8e43a8f74e4d393d63a7afd8
+# refactor: Update transaction folder structure (#6483)
+5865bd017f777491b4a956f9210be0c4161f5442
+# chore: Use gersemi instead of ancient cmake-format (#6486)
+0c74270b055133a57a497b5c9fc5a75f7647b1f4
+# chore: Apply clang-format width 100 (#6387)
+2c1fad102353e11293e3edde1c043224e7d3e983
+# chore: Set clang-format width to 100 in config file (#6387)
+25cca465538a56cce501477f9e5e2c1c7ea2d84c
+# chore: Set cmake-format width to 100 (#6386)
+469ce9f291a4480c38d4ee3baca5136b2f053cd0
+# refactor: Modularize app/tx (#6228)
+0976b2b68b64972af8e6e7c497900b5bce9fe22f
+# chore: Update clang-format to 21.1.8 (#6352)
+958d8f375453d80bb1aa4c293b5102c045a3e4b4
+# refactor: Replace include guards by '#pragma once' (#6322)
+34ef577604782ca8d6e1c17df8bd7470990a52ff
+# chore: Format all cmake files without comments (#6294)
+fe9c8d568fcf6ac21483024e01f58962dd5c8260
+# chore: Add cmake-format pre-commit hook (#6279)
+a0e09187b9370805d027c611a7e9ff5a0125282a
+# chore: Set ColumnLimit to 120 in clang-format (#6288)
+5f638f55536def0d88b970d1018a465a238e55f4
+# refactor: Fix typos in comments, configure cspell (#6164)
+3c9f5b62525cb1d6ca1153eeb10433db7d7379fd
+# refactor: Rename `rippled.cfg` to `xrpld.cfg` (#6098)
+3d1b3a49b3601a0a7037fa0b19d5df7b5e0e2fc1
+# refactor: Rename `ripple` namespace to `xrpl` (#5982)
+1eb0fdac6543706b4b9ddca57fd4102928a1f871
+# refactor: Rename `rippled` binary to `xrpld` (#5983)
+9eb84a561ef8bb066d89f098bd9b4ac71baed67c
+# refactor: Replaces secp256k1 source by Conan package (#6089)
+813bc4d9491b078bb950f8255f93b02f71320478
+# refactor: Remove unnecessary copyright notices already covered by LICENSE.md (#5929)
+1d42c4f6de6bf01d1286fc7459b17a37a5189e88
+# refactor: Rename `RIPPLE_` and `RIPPLED_` definitions to `XRPL_` (#5821)
+ada83564d894829424b0f4d922b0e737e07abbf7
+# refactor: Modularize shamap and nodestore (#5668)
+8eb233c2ea8ad5a159be73b77f0f5e1496d547ac
+# refactor: Modularise ledger (#5493)
+dc8b37a52448b005153c13a7f046ad494128cf94
+# chore: Update clang-format and prettier with pre-commit (#5709)
+c14ce956adeabe476ad73c18d73103f347c9c613
+# chore: Fix file formatting (#5718)
 896b8c3b54a22b0497cb0d1ce95e1095f9a227ce
+# chore: Reverts formatting changes to external files, adds formatting changes to proto files (#5711)
+b13370ac0d207217354f1fc1c29aef87769fb8a1
+# chore: Run prettier on all files (#5657)
+97f0747e103f13e26e45b731731059b32f7679ac
+# Reformat code with clang-format-18
+552377c76f55b403a1c876df873a23d780fcc81c
+# Recompute loops (#4997)
+d028005aa6319338b0adae1aebf8abe113162960
+# Rewrite includes (#4997)
+1d23148e6dd53957fcb6205c07a5c6cd7b64d50c
+# Rearrange sources (#4997)
+e416ee72ca26fa0c09d2aee1b68bdfb2b7046eed
+# Move CMake directory (#4997)
+2e902dee53aab2a8f27f32971047bb81e022f94f
+# Rewrite includes
+0eebe6a5f4246fced516d52b83ec4e7f47373edd
+# Format formerly .hpp files
+760f16f56835663d9286bd29294d074de26a7ba6
+# Rename .hpp to .h
+241b9ddde9e11beb7480600fd5ed90e1ef109b21
+# Consolidate external libraries
+e2384885f5f630c8f0ffe4bf21a169b433a16858
+# Format first-party source according to .clang-format
+50760c693510894ca368e90369b0cc2dabfd07f3

.github/CODEOWNERS

@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-# Allow anyone to review any change by default.
-*
-
-# Require the rpc-reviewers team to review changes to the rpc code.
-include/xrpl/protocol/ @xrplf/rpc-reviewers
-src/libxrpl/protocol/ @xrplf/rpc-reviewers
-src/xrpld/rpc/ @xrplf/rpc-reviewers
-src/xrpld/app/misc/ @xrplf/rpc-reviewers

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/feature_request.md

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 name: Feature Request
-about: Suggest a new feature for the rippled project
-title: "[Title with short description] (Version: [rippled version])"
+about: Suggest a new feature for the xrpld project
+title: "[Title with short description] (Version: [xrpld version])"
 labels: Feature Request
 assignees: ""
 ---

.github/actions/generate-version/action.yml

@@ -11,16 +11,18 @@ runs:
   steps:
     # When a tag is pushed, the version is used as-is.
     - name: Generate version for tag event
-      if: ${{ github.event_name == 'tag' }}
+      if: ${{ startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/') }}
       shell: bash
       env:
         VERSION: ${{ github.ref_name }}
       run: echo "VERSION=${VERSION}" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
 
-    # When a tag is not pushed, then the version is extracted from the
-    # BuildInfo.cpp file and the shortened commit hash appended to it.
+    # When a tag is not pushed, then the version (e.g. 1.2.3-b0) is extracted
+    # from the BuildInfo.cpp file and the shortened commit hash appended to it.
+    # We use a plus sign instead of a hyphen because Conan recipe versions do
+    # not support two hyphens.
     - name: Generate version for non-tag event
-      if: ${{ github.event_name != 'tag' }}
+      if: ${{ !startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/') }}
       shell: bash
       run: |
         echo 'Extracting version from BuildInfo.cpp.'
@@ -32,7 +34,7 @@ runs:
 
         echo 'Appending shortened commit hash to version.'
         SHA='${{ github.sha }}'
-        VERSION="${VERSION}-${SHA:0:7}"
+        VERSION="${VERSION}+${SHA:0:7}"
 
         echo "VERSION=${VERSION}" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
 

.github/actions/setup-conan/action.yml

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ runs:
         conan config install conan/profiles/ -tf $(conan config home)/profiles/
 
         echo 'Conan profile:'
-        conan profile show
+        conan profile show --profile ci
 
     - name: Set up Conan remote
       shell: bash

.github/dependabot.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+version: 2
+updates:
+  - package-ecosystem: github-actions
+    directory: /
+    schedule:
+      interval: weekly
+      day: monday
+      time: "04:00"
+      timezone: Etc/GMT
+    commit-message:
+      prefix: "ci: [DEPENDABOT] "
+    target-branch: develop
+
+  - package-ecosystem: github-actions
+    directory: .github/actions/build-deps/
+    schedule:
+      interval: weekly
+      day: monday
+      time: "04:00"
+      timezone: Etc/GMT
+    commit-message:
+      prefix: "ci: [DEPENDABOT] "
+    target-branch: develop
+
+  - package-ecosystem: github-actions
+    directory: .github/actions/generate-version/
+    schedule:
+      interval: weekly
+      day: monday
+      time: "04:00"
+      timezone: Etc/GMT
+    commit-message:
+      prefix: "ci: [DEPENDABOT] "
+    target-branch: develop
+
+  - package-ecosystem: github-actions
+    directory: .github/actions/print-env/
+    schedule:
+      interval: weekly
+      day: monday
+      time: "04:00"
+      timezone: Etc/GMT
+    commit-message:
+      prefix: "ci: [DEPENDABOT] "
+    target-branch: develop
+
+  - package-ecosystem: github-actions
+    directory: .github/actions/setup-conan/
+    schedule:
+      interval: weekly
+      day: monday
+      time: "04:00"
+      timezone: Etc/GMT
+    commit-message:
+      prefix: "ci: [DEPENDABOT] "
+    target-branch: develop

.github/pull_request_template.md

@@ -29,22 +29,6 @@ If a refactor, how is this better than the previous implementation?
 If there is a spec or design document for this feature, please link it here.
 -->
 
-### Type of Change
-
-<!--
-Please check [x] relevant options, delete irrelevant ones.
--->
-
-- [ ] Bug fix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
-- [ ] New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
-- [ ] Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to not work as expected)
-- [ ] Refactor (non-breaking change that only restructures code)
-- [ ] Performance (increase or change in throughput and/or latency)
-- [ ] Tests (you added tests for code that already exists, or your new feature included in this PR)
-- [ ] Documentation update
-- [ ] Chore (no impact to binary, e.g. `.gitignore`, formatting, dropping support for older tooling)
-- [ ] Release
-
 ### API Impact
 
 <!--

.github/scripts/check-pr-description.py

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+
+"""
+Checks that a pull request description has been customized from the
+pull_request_template.md. Exits with code 1 if the description is empty
+or identical to the template (ignoring HTML comments and whitespace).
+
+Usage:
+    python check-pr-description.py --template-file TEMPLATE --pr-body-file BODY
+"""
+
+import argparse
+import re
+import sys
+from pathlib import Path
+
+
+def normalize(text: str) -> str:
+    """Strip HTML comments, trim lines, and remove blank lines."""
+    # Remove HTML comments (possibly multi-line)
+    text = re.sub(r"<!--.*?-->", "", text, flags=re.DOTALL)
+    # Strip each line and drop empties
+    lines = [line.strip() for line in text.splitlines()]
+    lines = [line for line in lines if line]
+    return "\n".join(lines)
+
+
+def main() -> int:
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+        description="Check that a PR description differs from the template."
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--template-file",
+        type=Path,
+        required=True,
+        help="Path to the pull request template file.",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--pr-body-file",
+        type=Path,
+        required=True,
+        help="Path to a file containing the PR body text.",
+    )
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+
+    template_path: Path = args.template_file
+    pr_body_path: Path = args.pr_body_file
+
+    if not template_path.is_file():
+        print(f"::error::Template file {template_path} not found")
+        return 1
+
+    if not pr_body_path.is_file():
+        print(f"::error::PR body file {pr_body_path} not found")
+        return 1
+
+    template = template_path.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
+    pr_body = pr_body_path.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
+
+    # Check if the PR body is empty or whitespace-only
+    if not pr_body.strip():
+        print(
+            "::error::PR description is empty. "
+            "Please fill in the pull request template."
+        )
+        return 1
+
+    norm_template = normalize(template)
+    norm_pr_body = normalize(pr_body)
+
+    if norm_pr_body == norm_template:
+        print(
+            "::error::PR description (ignoring HTML comments) is identical"
+            " to the template. Please fill in the details of your change."
+            f"\n\nVisible template content:\n---\n{norm_template}\n---"
+            f"\n\nVisible PR description content:\n---\n{norm_pr_body}\n---"
+        )
+        return 1
+
+    print("PR description has been customized from the template.")
+    return 0
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    sys.exit(main())

.github/scripts/levelization/README.md

@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 # Levelization
 
-Levelization is the term used to describe efforts to prevent rippled from
+Levelization is the term used to describe efforts to prevent xrpld from
 having or creating cyclic dependencies.
 
-rippled code is organized into directories under `src/xrpld`, `src/libxrpl` (and
+xrpld code is organized into directories under `src/xrpld`, `src/libxrpl` (and
 `src/test`) representing modules. The modules are intended to be
 organized into "tiers" or "levels" such that a module from one level can
 only include code from lower levels. Additionally, a module
 in one level should never include code in an `impl` or `detail` folder of any level
-other than it's own.
+other than its own.
 
 The codebase is split into two main areas:
 
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ levelization violations they find (by moving files or individual
 classes). At the very least, don't make things worse.
 
 The table below summarizes the _desired_ division of modules, based on the current
-state of the rippled code. The levels are numbered from
+state of the xrpld code. The levels are numbered from
 the bottom up with the lower level, lower numbered, more independent
 modules listed first, and the higher level, higher numbered modules with
 more dependencies listed later.
@@ -70,12 +70,12 @@ that `test` code should _never_ be included in `xrpl` or `xrpld` code.)
 
 ## Validation
 
-The [levelization](generate.sh) script takes no parameters,
+The [levelization](generate.py) script takes no parameters,
 reads no environment variables, and can be run from any directory,
-as long as it is in the expected location in the rippled repo.
+as long as it is in the expected location in the xrpld repo.
 It can be run at any time from within a checked out repo, and will
 do an analysis of all the `#include`s in
-the rippled source. The only caveat is that it runs much slower
+the xrpld source. The only caveat is that it runs much slower
 under Windows than in Linux. It hasn't yet been tested under MacOS.
 It generates many files of [results](results):
 
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ It generates many files of [results](results):
   Github Actions workflow to test that levelization loops haven't
   changed. Unfortunately, if changes are detected, it can't tell if
   they are improvements or not, so if you have resolved any issues or
-  done anything else to improve levelization, run `levelization.sh`,
+  done anything else to improve levelization, run `generate.py`,
   and commit the updated results.
 
 The `loops.txt` and `ordering.txt` files relate the modules
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ The committed files hide the detailed values intentionally, to
 prevent false alarms and merging issues, and because it's easy to
 get those details locally.
 
-1. Run `levelization.sh`
+1. Run `generate.py`
 2. Grep the modules in `paths.txt`.
    - For example, if a cycle is found `A ~= B`, simply `grep -w
 A .github/scripts/levelization/results/paths.txt | grep -w B`

.github/scripts/levelization/generate.py

@@ -0,0 +1,335 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+
+"""
+Usage: generate.py
+This script takes no parameters, and can be called from any directory in the file system.
+"""
+
+import os
+import re
+import subprocess
+import sys
+from collections import defaultdict
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Dict, List, Tuple, Set, Optional
+
+# Compile regex patterns once at module level
+INCLUDE_PATTERN = re.compile(r"^\s*#include.*/.*\.h")
+INCLUDE_PATH_PATTERN = re.compile(r'[<"]([^>"]+)[>"]')
+
+
+def dictionary_sort_key(s: str) -> str:
+    """
+    Create a sort key that mimics 'sort -d' (dictionary order).
+    Dictionary order only considers blanks and alphanumeric characters.
+    This means punctuation like '.' is ignored during sorting.
+    """
+    # Keep only alphanumeric characters and spaces
+    return "".join(c for c in s if c.isalnum() or c.isspace())
+
+
+def get_level(file_path: str) -> str:
+    """
+    Extract the level from a file path (second and third directory components).
+    Equivalent to bash: cut -d/ -f 2,3
+
+    Examples:
+        src/xrpld/app/main.cpp -> xrpld.app
+        src/libxrpl/protocol/STObject.cpp -> libxrpl.protocol
+        include/xrpl/basics/base_uint.h -> xrpl.basics
+    """
+    parts = file_path.split("/")
+
+    # Get fields 2 and 3 (indices 1 and 2 in 0-based indexing)
+    if len(parts) >= 3:
+        level = f"{parts[1]}/{parts[2]}"
+    elif len(parts) >= 2:
+        level = f"{parts[1]}/toplevel"
+    else:
+        level = file_path
+
+    # If the "level" indicates a file, cut off the filename
+    if "." in level.split("/")[-1]:  # Avoid Path object creation
+        # Use the "toplevel" label as a workaround for `sort`
+        # inconsistencies between different utility versions
+        level = level.rsplit("/", 1)[0] + "/toplevel"
+
+    return level.replace("/", ".")
+
+
+def extract_include_level(include_line: str) -> Optional[str]:
+    """
+    Extract the include path from an #include directive.
+    Gets the first two directory components from the include path.
+    Equivalent to bash: cut -d/ -f 1,2
+
+    Examples:
+        #include <xrpl/basics/base_uint.h> -> xrpl.basics
+        #include "xrpld/app/main/Application.h" -> xrpld.app
+    """
+    # Remove everything before the quote or angle bracket
+    match = INCLUDE_PATH_PATTERN.search(include_line)
+    if not match:
+        return None
+
+    include_path = match.group(1)
+    parts = include_path.split("/")
+
+    # Get first two fields (indices 0 and 1)
+    if len(parts) >= 2:
+        include_level = f"{parts[0]}/{parts[1]}"
+    else:
+        include_level = include_path
+
+    # If the "includelevel" indicates a file, cut off the filename
+    if "." in include_level.split("/")[-1]:  # Avoid Path object creation
+        include_level = include_level.rsplit("/", 1)[0] + "/toplevel"
+
+    return include_level.replace("/", ".")
+
+
+def find_repository_directories(
+    start_path: Path, depth_limit: int = 10
+) -> Tuple[Path, List[Path]]:
+    """
+    Find the repository root by looking for src or include folders.
+    Walks up the directory tree from the start path.
+    """
+    current = start_path.resolve()
+
+    # Walk up the directory tree
+    for _ in range(depth_limit):  # Limit search depth to prevent infinite loops
+        src_path = current / "src"
+        include_path = current / "include"
+        # Check if this directory has src or include folders
+        has_src = src_path.exists()
+        has_include = include_path.exists()
+
+        if has_src or has_include:
+            return current, [src_path, include_path]
+
+        # Move up one level
+        parent = current.parent
+        if parent == current:  # Reached filesystem root
+            break
+        current = parent
+
+    # If we couldn't find it, raise an error
+    raise RuntimeError(
+        "Could not find repository root. "
+        "Expected to find a directory containing 'src' and/or 'include' folders."
+    )
+
+
+def main():
+    # Change to the script's directory
+    script_dir = Path(__file__).parent.resolve()
+    os.chdir(script_dir)
+
+    # Clean up and create results directory.
+    results_dir = script_dir / "results"
+    if results_dir.exists():
+        import shutil
+
+        shutil.rmtree(results_dir)
+    results_dir.mkdir()
+
+    # Find the repository root by searching for src and include directories.
+    try:
+        repo_root, scan_dirs = find_repository_directories(script_dir)
+
+        print(f"Found repository root: {repo_root}")
+        print(f"Scanning directories:")
+        for scan_dir in scan_dirs:
+            print(f"  - {scan_dir.relative_to(repo_root)}")
+    except RuntimeError as e:
+        print(f"Error: {e}", file=sys.stderr)
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    print("\nScanning for raw includes...")
+    # Find all #include directives
+    raw_includes: List[Tuple[str, str]] = []
+    rawincludes_file = results_dir / "rawincludes.txt"
+
+    # Write to file as we go to avoid storing everything in memory.
+    with open(rawincludes_file, "w", buffering=8192) as raw_f:
+        for dir_path in scan_dirs:
+            print(f"  Scanning {dir_path.relative_to(repo_root)}...")
+
+            for file_path in dir_path.rglob("*"):
+                if not file_path.is_file():
+                    continue
+
+                try:
+                    rel_path_str = str(file_path.relative_to(repo_root))
+
+                    # Read file with a large buffer for performance.
+                    with open(
+                        file_path,
+                        "r",
+                        encoding="utf-8",
+                        errors="ignore",
+                        buffering=8192,
+                    ) as f:
+                        for line in f:
+                            # Quick check before regex
+                            if "#include" not in line or "boost" in line:
+                                continue
+
+                            if INCLUDE_PATTERN.match(line):
+                                line_stripped = line.strip()
+                                entry = f"{rel_path_str}:{line_stripped}\n"
+                                print(entry, end="")
+                                raw_f.write(entry)
+                                raw_includes.append((rel_path_str, line_stripped))
+                except Exception as e:
+                    print(f"Error reading {file_path}: {e}", file=sys.stderr)
+
+    # Build levelization paths and count directly (no need to sort first).
+    print("Build levelization paths")
+    path_counts: Dict[Tuple[str, str], int] = defaultdict(int)
+
+    for file_path, include_line in raw_includes:
+        include_level = extract_include_level(include_line)
+        if not include_level:
+            continue
+
+        level = get_level(file_path)
+        if level != include_level:
+            path_counts[(level, include_level)] += 1
+
+    # Sort and deduplicate paths (using dictionary order like bash 'sort -d').
+    print("Sort and deduplicate paths")
+
+    paths_file = results_dir / "paths.txt"
+    with open(paths_file, "w") as f:
+        # Sort using dictionary order: only alphanumeric and spaces matter
+        sorted_items = sorted(
+            path_counts.items(),
+            key=lambda x: (dictionary_sort_key(x[0][0]), dictionary_sort_key(x[0][1])),
+        )
+        for (level, include_level), count in sorted_items:
+            line = f"{count:7} {level} {include_level}\n"
+            print(line.rstrip())
+            f.write(line)
+
+    # Split into flat-file database
+    print("Split into flat-file database")
+    includes_dir = results_dir / "includes"
+    included_by_dir = results_dir / "included_by"
+    includes_dir.mkdir()
+    included_by_dir.mkdir()
+
+    # Batch writes by grouping data first to avoid repeated file opens.
+    includes_data: Dict[str, List[Tuple[str, int]]] = defaultdict(list)
+    included_by_data: Dict[str, List[Tuple[str, int]]] = defaultdict(list)
+
+    # Process in sorted order to match bash script behaviour (dictionary order).
+    sorted_items = sorted(
+        path_counts.items(),
+        key=lambda x: (dictionary_sort_key(x[0][0]), dictionary_sort_key(x[0][1])),
+    )
+    for (level, include_level), count in sorted_items:
+        includes_data[level].append((include_level, count))
+        included_by_data[include_level].append((level, count))
+
+    # Write all includes files in sorted order (dictionary order).
+    for level in sorted(includes_data.keys(), key=dictionary_sort_key):
+        entries = includes_data[level]
+        with open(includes_dir / level, "w") as f:
+            for include_level, count in entries:
+                line = f"{include_level} {count}\n"
+                print(line.rstrip())
+                f.write(line)
+
+    # Write all included_by files in sorted order (dictionary order).
+    for include_level in sorted(included_by_data.keys(), key=dictionary_sort_key):
+        entries = included_by_data[include_level]
+        with open(included_by_dir / include_level, "w") as f:
+            for level, count in entries:
+                line = f"{level} {count}\n"
+                print(line.rstrip())
+                f.write(line)
+
+    # Search for loops
+    print("Search for loops")
+    loops_file = results_dir / "loops.txt"
+    ordering_file = results_dir / "ordering.txt"
+
+    loops_found: Set[Tuple[str, str]] = set()
+
+    # Pre-load all include files into memory to avoid repeated I/O.
+    # This is the biggest optimisation - we were reading files repeatedly in nested loops.
+    # Use list of tuples to preserve file order.
+    includes_cache: Dict[str, List[Tuple[str, int]]] = {}
+    includes_lookup: Dict[str, Dict[str, int]] = {}  # For fast lookup
+
+    # Note: bash script uses 'for source in *' which uses standard glob sorting,
+    # NOT dictionary order. So we use standard sorted() here, not dictionary_sort_key.
+    for include_file in sorted(includes_dir.iterdir(), key=lambda p: p.name):
+        if not include_file.is_file():
+            continue
+
+        includes_cache[include_file.name] = []
+        includes_lookup[include_file.name] = {}
+        with open(include_file, "r") as f:
+            for line in f:
+                parts = line.strip().split()
+                if len(parts) >= 2:
+                    include_name = parts[0]
+                    include_count = int(parts[1])
+                    includes_cache[include_file.name].append(
+                        (include_name, include_count)
+                    )
+                    includes_lookup[include_file.name][include_name] = include_count
+
+    with open(loops_file, "w", buffering=8192) as loops_f, open(
+        ordering_file, "w", buffering=8192
+    ) as ordering_f:
+
+        # Use standard sorting to match bash glob expansion 'for source in *'.
+        for source in sorted(includes_cache.keys()):
+            source_includes = includes_cache[source]
+
+            for include, include_freq in source_includes:
+                # Check if include file exists and references source
+                if include not in includes_lookup:
+                    continue
+
+                source_freq = includes_lookup[include].get(source)
+
+                if source_freq is not None:
+                    # Found a loop
+                    loop_key = tuple(sorted([source, include]))
+                    if loop_key in loops_found:
+                        continue
+                    loops_found.add(loop_key)
+
+                    loops_f.write(f"Loop: {source} {include}\n")
+
+                    # If the counts are close, indicate that the two modules are
+                    # on the same level, though they shouldn't be.
+                    diff = include_freq - source_freq
+                    if diff > 3:
+                        loops_f.write(f"  {source} > {include}\n\n")
+                    elif diff < -3:
+                        loops_f.write(f"  {include} > {source}\n\n")
+                    elif source_freq == include_freq:
+                        loops_f.write(f"  {include} == {source}\n\n")
+                    else:
+                        loops_f.write(f"  {include} ~= {source}\n\n")
+                else:
+                    ordering_f.write(f"{source} > {include}\n")
+
+    # Print results
+    print("\nOrdering:")
+    with open(ordering_file, "r") as f:
+        print(f.read(), end="")
+
+    print("\nLoops:")
+    with open(loops_file, "r") as f:
+        print(f.read(), end="")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

.github/scripts/levelization/generate.sh

@@ -1,130 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-
-# Usage: generate.sh
-# This script takes no parameters, reads no environment variables,
-# and can be run from any directory, as long as it is in the expected
-# location in the repo.
-
-pushd $( dirname $0 )
-
-if [ -v PS1 ]
-then
-  # if the shell is interactive, clean up any flotsam before analyzing
-  git clean -ix
-fi
-
-# Ensure all sorting is ASCII-order consistently across platforms.
-export LANG=C
-
-rm -rfv results
-mkdir results
-includes="$( pwd )/results/rawincludes.txt"
-pushd ../../..
-echo Raw includes:
-grep -r '^[ ]*#include.*/.*\.h' include src | \
-    grep -v boost | tee ${includes}
-popd
-pushd results
-
-oldifs=${IFS}
-IFS=:
-mkdir includes
-mkdir included_by
-echo Build levelization paths
-exec 3< ${includes} # open rawincludes.txt for input
-while read -r -u 3 file include
-do
-    level=$( echo ${file} | cut -d/ -f 2,3 )
-    # If the "level" indicates a file, cut off the filename
-    if [[ "${level##*.}" != "${level}" ]]
-    then
-        # Use the "toplevel" label as a workaround for `sort`
-        # inconsistencies between different utility versions
-        level="$( dirname ${level} )/toplevel"
-    fi
-    level=$( echo ${level} | tr '/' '.' )
-
-    includelevel=$( echo ${include} | sed 's/.*["<]//; s/[">].*//' | \
-        cut -d/ -f 1,2 )
-    if [[ "${includelevel##*.}" != "${includelevel}" ]]
-    then
-        # Use the "toplevel" label as a workaround for `sort`
-        # inconsistencies between different utility versions
-        includelevel="$( dirname ${includelevel} )/toplevel"
-    fi
-    includelevel=$( echo ${includelevel} | tr '/' '.' )
-
-    if [[ "$level" != "$includelevel" ]]
-    then
-        echo $level $includelevel | tee -a paths.txt
-    fi
-done
-echo Sort and deduplicate paths
-sort -ds paths.txt | uniq -c | tee sortedpaths.txt
-mv sortedpaths.txt paths.txt
-exec 3>&- #close fd 3
-IFS=${oldifs}
-unset oldifs
-
-echo Split into flat-file database
-exec 4<paths.txt # open paths.txt for input
-while read -r -u 4 count level include
-do
-    echo ${include} ${count} | tee -a includes/${level}
-    echo ${level} ${count} | tee -a included_by/${include}
-done
-exec 4>&- #close fd 4
-
-loops="$( pwd )/loops.txt"
-ordering="$( pwd )/ordering.txt"
-pushd includes
-echo Search for loops
-# Redirect stdout to a file
-exec 4>&1
-exec 1>"${loops}"
-for source in *
-do
-  if [[ -f "$source" ]]
-  then
-    exec 5<"${source}" # open for input
-    while read -r -u 5 include includefreq
-    do
-      if [[ -f $include ]]
-      then
-        if grep -q -w $source $include
-        then
-          if grep -q -w "Loop: $include $source" "${loops}"
-          then
-            continue
-          fi
-          sourcefreq=$( grep -w $source $include | cut -d\  -f2 )
-          echo "Loop: $source $include"
-          # If the counts are close, indicate that the two modules are
-          # on the same level, though they shouldn't be
-          if [[ $(( $includefreq - $sourcefreq )) -gt 3 ]]
-          then
-              echo -e "  $source > $include\n"
-          elif [[ $(( $sourcefreq - $includefreq )) -gt 3 ]]
-          then
-              echo -e "  $include > $source\n"
-          elif [[ $sourcefreq -eq $includefreq ]]
-          then
-              echo -e "  $include == $source\n"
-          else
-              echo -e "  $include ~= $source\n"
-          fi
-        else
-          echo "$source > $include" >> "${ordering}"
-        fi
-      fi
-    done
-    exec 5>&- #close fd 5
-  fi
-done
-exec 1>&4 #close fd 1
-exec 4>&- #close fd 4
-cat "${ordering}"
-cat "${loops}"
-popd
-popd
-popd

.github/scripts/levelization/results/loops.txt

@@ -2,13 +2,13 @@ Loop: test.jtx test.toplevel
   test.toplevel > test.jtx
 
 Loop: test.jtx test.unit_test
-  test.unit_test == test.jtx
+  test.unit_test ~= test.jtx
 
-Loop: xrpld.app xrpld.core
-  xrpld.app > xrpld.core
+Loop: xrpl.telemetry xrpld.rpc
+  xrpld.rpc > xrpl.telemetry
 
 Loop: xrpld.app xrpld.overlay
-  xrpld.overlay > xrpld.app
+  xrpld.app > xrpld.overlay
 
 Loop: xrpld.app xrpld.peerfinder
   xrpld.peerfinder ~= xrpld.app
@@ -17,7 +17,10 @@ Loop: xrpld.app xrpld.rpc
   xrpld.rpc > xrpld.app
 
 Loop: xrpld.app xrpld.shamap
-  xrpld.shamap ~= xrpld.app
+  xrpld.shamap > xrpld.app
+
+Loop: xrpld.app xrpld.telemetry
+  xrpld.telemetry ~= xrpld.app
 
 Loop: xrpld.overlay xrpld.rpc
   xrpld.rpc ~= xrpld.overlay

.github/scripts/levelization/results/ordering.txt

@@ -1,13 +1,19 @@
 libxrpl.basics > xrpl.basics
+libxrpl.conditions > xrpl.basics
+libxrpl.conditions > xrpl.conditions
 libxrpl.core > xrpl.basics
 libxrpl.core > xrpl.core
+libxrpl.core > xrpl.json
 libxrpl.crypto > xrpl.basics
 libxrpl.json > xrpl.basics
 libxrpl.json > xrpl.json
 libxrpl.ledger > xrpl.basics
 libxrpl.ledger > xrpl.json
 libxrpl.ledger > xrpl.ledger
+libxrpl.ledger > xrpl.nodestore
 libxrpl.ledger > xrpl.protocol
+libxrpl.ledger > xrpl.server
+libxrpl.ledger > xrpl.shamap
 libxrpl.net > xrpl.basics
 libxrpl.net > xrpl.net
 libxrpl.nodestore > xrpl.basics
@@ -17,23 +23,40 @@ libxrpl.nodestore > xrpl.protocol
 libxrpl.protocol > xrpl.basics
 libxrpl.protocol > xrpl.json
 libxrpl.protocol > xrpl.protocol
+libxrpl.rdb > xrpl.basics
+libxrpl.rdb > xrpl.core
+libxrpl.rdb > xrpl.rdb
 libxrpl.resource > xrpl.basics
 libxrpl.resource > xrpl.json
+libxrpl.resource > xrpl.protocol
 libxrpl.resource > xrpl.resource
 libxrpl.server > xrpl.basics
+libxrpl.server > xrpl.core
 libxrpl.server > xrpl.json
 libxrpl.server > xrpl.protocol
+libxrpl.server > xrpl.rdb
+libxrpl.server > xrpl.resource
 libxrpl.server > xrpl.server
 libxrpl.shamap > xrpl.basics
+libxrpl.shamap > xrpl.nodestore
 libxrpl.shamap > xrpl.protocol
 libxrpl.shamap > xrpl.shamap
+libxrpl.telemetry > xrpl.basics
+libxrpl.telemetry > xrpl.telemetry
+libxrpl.tx > xrpl.basics
+libxrpl.tx > xrpl.conditions
+libxrpl.tx > xrpl.core
+libxrpl.tx > xrpl.json
+libxrpl.tx > xrpl.ledger
+libxrpl.tx > xrpl.protocol
+libxrpl.tx > xrpl.server
+libxrpl.tx > xrpl.tx
 test.app > test.jtx
-test.app > test.rpc
-test.app > test.toplevel
 test.app > test.unit_test
 test.app > xrpl.basics
 test.app > xrpl.core
 test.app > xrpld.app
+test.app > xrpld.consensus
 test.app > xrpld.core
 test.app > xrpld.overlay
 test.app > xrpld.rpc
@@ -42,6 +65,9 @@ test.app > xrpl.ledger
 test.app > xrpl.nodestore
 test.app > xrpl.protocol
 test.app > xrpl.resource
+test.app > xrpl.server
+test.app > xrpl.shamap
+test.app > xrpl.tx
 test.basics > test.jtx
 test.basics > test.unit_test
 test.basics > xrpl.basics
@@ -51,30 +77,36 @@ test.basics > xrpl.json
 test.basics > xrpl.protocol
 test.beast > xrpl.basics
 test.conditions > xrpl.basics
-test.conditions > xrpld.conditions
+test.conditions > xrpl.conditions
 test.consensus > test.csf
+test.consensus > test.jtx
 test.consensus > test.toplevel
 test.consensus > test.unit_test
 test.consensus > xrpl.basics
 test.consensus > xrpld.app
 test.consensus > xrpld.consensus
-test.consensus > xrpl.json
 test.consensus > xrpl.ledger
+test.consensus > xrpl.protocol
+test.consensus > xrpl.shamap
+test.consensus > xrpl.tx
 test.core > test.jtx
-test.core > test.toplevel
 test.core > test.unit_test
 test.core > xrpl.basics
 test.core > xrpl.core
 test.core > xrpld.core
 test.core > xrpl.json
+test.core > xrpl.protocol
+test.core > xrpl.rdb
 test.core > xrpl.server
 test.csf > xrpl.basics
 test.csf > xrpld.consensus
 test.csf > xrpl.json
+test.csf > xrpl.ledger
 test.csf > xrpl.protocol
 test.json > test.jtx
 test.json > xrpl.json
 test.jtx > xrpl.basics
+test.jtx > xrpl.core
 test.jtx > xrpld.app
 test.jtx > xrpld.core
 test.jtx > xrpld.rpc
@@ -84,28 +116,34 @@ test.jtx > xrpl.net
 test.jtx > xrpl.protocol
 test.jtx > xrpl.resource
 test.jtx > xrpl.server
+test.jtx > xrpl.tx
 test.ledger > test.jtx
-test.ledger > test.toplevel
 test.ledger > xrpl.basics
+test.ledger > xrpl.core
 test.ledger > xrpld.app
 test.ledger > xrpld.core
+test.ledger > xrpl.json
 test.ledger > xrpl.ledger
 test.ledger > xrpl.protocol
 test.nodestore > test.jtx
-test.nodestore > test.toplevel
 test.nodestore > test.unit_test
 test.nodestore > xrpl.basics
 test.nodestore > xrpld.core
 test.nodestore > xrpl.nodestore
+test.nodestore > xrpl.protocol
+test.nodestore > xrpl.rdb
 test.overlay > test.jtx
-test.overlay > test.toplevel
 test.overlay > test.unit_test
 test.overlay > xrpl.basics
 test.overlay > xrpld.app
+test.overlay > xrpld.core
 test.overlay > xrpld.overlay
 test.overlay > xrpld.peerfinder
+test.overlay > xrpl.json
 test.overlay > xrpl.nodestore
 test.overlay > xrpl.protocol
+test.overlay > xrpl.resource
+test.overlay > xrpl.server
 test.overlay > xrpl.shamap
 test.peerfinder > test.beast
 test.peerfinder > test.unit_test
@@ -113,7 +151,8 @@ test.peerfinder > xrpl.basics
 test.peerfinder > xrpld.core
 test.peerfinder > xrpld.peerfinder
 test.peerfinder > xrpl.protocol
-test.protocol > test.toplevel
+test.protocol > test.jtx
+test.protocol > test.unit_test
 test.protocol > xrpl.basics
 test.protocol > xrpl.json
 test.protocol > xrpl.protocol
@@ -121,7 +160,6 @@ test.resource > test.unit_test
 test.resource > xrpl.basics
 test.resource > xrpl.resource
 test.rpc > test.jtx
-test.rpc > test.toplevel
 test.rpc > xrpl.basics
 test.rpc > xrpl.core
 test.rpc > xrpld.app
@@ -129,16 +167,18 @@ test.rpc > xrpld.core
 test.rpc > xrpld.overlay
 test.rpc > xrpld.rpc
 test.rpc > xrpl.json
+test.rpc > xrpl.ledger
 test.rpc > xrpl.protocol
 test.rpc > xrpl.resource
+test.rpc > xrpl.server
+test.rpc > xrpl.tx
 test.server > test.jtx
-test.server > test.toplevel
 test.server > test.unit_test
 test.server > xrpl.basics
 test.server > xrpld.app
 test.server > xrpld.core
-test.server > xrpld.rpc
 test.server > xrpl.json
+test.server > xrpl.protocol
 test.server > xrpl.server
 test.shamap > test.unit_test
 test.shamap > xrpl.basics
@@ -148,65 +188,100 @@ test.shamap > xrpl.shamap
 test.toplevel > test.csf
 test.toplevel > xrpl.json
 test.unit_test > xrpl.basics
+test.unit_test > xrpl.protocol
 tests.libxrpl > xrpl.basics
 tests.libxrpl > xrpl.json
 tests.libxrpl > xrpl.net
+tests.libxrpl > xrpl.protocol
+tests.libxrpl > xrpl.protocol_autogen
+tests.libxrpl > xrpl.telemetry
+xrpl.conditions > xrpl.basics
+xrpl.conditions > xrpl.protocol
 xrpl.core > xrpl.basics
 xrpl.core > xrpl.json
+xrpl.core > xrpl.protocol
 xrpl.json > xrpl.basics
 xrpl.ledger > xrpl.basics
 xrpl.ledger > xrpl.protocol
+xrpl.ledger > xrpl.server
+xrpl.ledger > xrpl.shamap
 xrpl.net > xrpl.basics
 xrpl.nodestore > xrpl.basics
 xrpl.nodestore > xrpl.protocol
 xrpl.protocol > xrpl.basics
 xrpl.protocol > xrpl.json
+xrpl.protocol_autogen > xrpl.json
+xrpl.protocol_autogen > xrpl.protocol
+xrpl.rdb > xrpl.basics
+xrpl.rdb > xrpl.core
+xrpl.rdb > xrpl.protocol
 xrpl.resource > xrpl.basics
 xrpl.resource > xrpl.json
 xrpl.resource > xrpl.protocol
 xrpl.server > xrpl.basics
+xrpl.server > xrpl.core
 xrpl.server > xrpl.json
 xrpl.server > xrpl.protocol
+xrpl.server > xrpl.rdb
+xrpl.server > xrpl.resource
+xrpl.server > xrpl.shamap
 xrpl.shamap > xrpl.basics
 xrpl.shamap > xrpl.nodestore
 xrpl.shamap > xrpl.protocol
+xrpl.telemetry > xrpl.basics
+xrpl.tx > xrpl.basics
+xrpl.tx > xrpl.core
+xrpl.tx > xrpl.ledger
+xrpl.tx > xrpl.protocol
 xrpld.app > test.unit_test
 xrpld.app > xrpl.basics
 xrpld.app > xrpl.core
-xrpld.app > xrpld.conditions
 xrpld.app > xrpld.consensus
+xrpld.app > xrpld.core
 xrpld.app > xrpl.json
 xrpld.app > xrpl.ledger
 xrpld.app > xrpl.net
 xrpld.app > xrpl.nodestore
 xrpld.app > xrpl.protocol
+xrpld.app > xrpl.rdb
 xrpld.app > xrpl.resource
+xrpld.app > xrpl.server
 xrpld.app > xrpl.shamap
-xrpld.conditions > xrpl.basics
-xrpld.conditions > xrpl.protocol
+xrpld.app > xrpl.telemetry
+xrpld.app > xrpl.tx
 xrpld.consensus > xrpl.basics
 xrpld.consensus > xrpl.json
+xrpld.consensus > xrpl.ledger
 xrpld.consensus > xrpl.protocol
+xrpld.consensus > xrpl.telemetry
 xrpld.core > xrpl.basics
 xrpld.core > xrpl.core
-xrpld.core > xrpl.json
 xrpld.core > xrpl.net
 xrpld.core > xrpl.protocol
+xrpld.core > xrpl.rdb
 xrpld.overlay > xrpl.basics
 xrpld.overlay > xrpl.core
+xrpld.overlay > xrpld.consensus
 xrpld.overlay > xrpld.core
 xrpld.overlay > xrpld.peerfinder
+xrpld.overlay > xrpld.telemetry
 xrpld.overlay > xrpl.json
+xrpld.overlay > xrpl.ledger
 xrpld.overlay > xrpl.protocol
 xrpld.overlay > xrpl.resource
 xrpld.overlay > xrpl.server
+xrpld.overlay > xrpl.shamap
+xrpld.overlay > xrpl.telemetry
+xrpld.overlay > xrpl.tx
 xrpld.peerfinder > xrpl.basics
 xrpld.peerfinder > xrpld.core
 xrpld.peerfinder > xrpl.protocol
+xrpld.peerfinder > xrpl.rdb
 xrpld.perflog > xrpl.basics
 xrpld.perflog > xrpl.core
 xrpld.perflog > xrpld.rpc
 xrpld.perflog > xrpl.json
+xrpld.perflog > xrpl.protocol
 xrpld.rpc > xrpl.basics
 xrpld.rpc > xrpl.core
 xrpld.rpc > xrpld.core
@@ -215,6 +290,14 @@ xrpld.rpc > xrpl.ledger
 xrpld.rpc > xrpl.net
 xrpld.rpc > xrpl.nodestore
 xrpld.rpc > xrpl.protocol
+xrpld.rpc > xrpl.rdb
 xrpld.rpc > xrpl.resource
 xrpld.rpc > xrpl.server
+xrpld.rpc > xrpl.shamap
+xrpld.rpc > xrpl.tx
+xrpld.shamap > xrpl.basics
+xrpld.shamap > xrpld.core
+xrpld.shamap > xrpl.protocol
 xrpld.shamap > xrpl.shamap
+xrpld.telemetry > xrpl.basics
+xrpld.telemetry > xrpl.telemetry

.github/scripts/rename/README.md

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 ## Renaming ripple(d) to xrpl(d)
 
 In the initial phases of development of the XRPL, the open source codebase was
-called "rippled" and it remains with that name even today. Today, over 1000
+called "xrpld" and it remains with that name even today. Today, over 1000
 nodes run the application, and code contributions have been submitted by
 developers located around the world. The XRPL community is larger than ever.
 In light of the decentralized and diversified nature of XRPL, we will rename any
-references to `ripple` and `rippled` to `xrpl` and `xrpld`, when appropriate.
+references to `ripple` and `xrpld` to `xrpl` and `xrpld`, when appropriate.
 
 See [here](https://xls.xrpl.org/xls/XLS-0095-rename-rippled-to-xrpld.html) for
 more information.
@@ -22,18 +22,20 @@ run from the repository root.
 2. `.github/scripts/rename/copyright.sh`: This script will remove superfluous
    copyright notices.
 3. `.github/scripts/rename/cmake.sh`: This script will rename all CMake files
-   from `RippleXXX.cmake` or `RippledXXX.cmake` to `XrplXXX.cmake`, and any
-   references to `ripple` and `rippled` (with or without capital letters) to
+   from `RippleXXX.cmake` or `XrpldXXX.cmake` to `XrplXXX.cmake`, and any
+   references to `ripple` and `xrpld` (with or without capital letters) to
    `xrpl` and `xrpld`, respectively. The name of the binary will remain as-is,
    and will only be renamed to `xrpld` by a later script.
 4. `.github/scripts/rename/binary.sh`: This script will rename the binary from
-   `rippled` to `xrpld`, and reverses the symlink so that `rippled` points to
+   `xrpld` to `xrpld`, and reverses the symlink so that `xrpld` points to
    the `xrpld` binary.
 5. `.github/scripts/rename/namespace.sh`: This script will rename the C++
    namespaces from `ripple` to `xrpl`.
 6. `.github/scripts/rename/config.sh`: This script will rename the config from
-   `rippled.cfg` to `xrpld.cfg`, and updating the code accordingly. The old
+   `xrpld.cfg` to `xrpld.cfg`, and updating the code accordingly. The old
    filename will still be accepted.
+7. `.github/scripts/rename/docs.sh`: This script will rename any lingering
+   references of `ripple(d)` to `xrpl(d)` in code, comments, and documentation.
 
 You can run all these scripts from the repository root as follows:
 
@@ -44,4 +46,5 @@ You can run all these scripts from the repository root as follows:
 ./.github/scripts/rename/binary.sh .
 ./.github/scripts/rename/namespace.sh .
 ./.github/scripts/rename/config.sh .
+./.github/scripts/rename/docs.sh .
 ```

.github/scripts/rename/binary.sh

@@ -6,11 +6,11 @@ set -e
 # On MacOS, ensure that GNU sed is installed and available as `gsed`.
 SED_COMMAND=sed
 if [[ "${OSTYPE}" == 'darwin'* ]]; then
-  if ! command -v gsed &> /dev/null; then
-      echo "Error: gsed is not installed. Please install it using 'brew install gnu-sed'."
-      exit 1
-  fi
-  SED_COMMAND=gsed
+    if ! command -v gsed &> /dev/null; then
+        echo "Error: gsed is not installed. Please install it using 'brew install gnu-sed'."
+        exit 1
+    fi
+    SED_COMMAND=gsed
 fi
 
 # This script changes the binary name from `rippled` to `xrpld`, and reverses
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ if [ ! -d "${DIRECTORY}" ]; then
     echo "Error: Directory '${DIRECTORY}' does not exist."
     exit 1
 fi
-pushd ${DIRECTORY}
+pushd "${DIRECTORY}"
 
 # Remove the binary name override added by the cmake.sh script.
 ${SED_COMMAND} -z -i -E 's@\s+# For the time being.+"rippled"\)@@' cmake/XrplCore.cmake
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's@ripple/xrpld@XRPLF/rippled@g' BUILD.md
 ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's@XRPLF/xrpld@XRPLF/rippled@g' BUILD.md
 ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's@xrpld \(`xrpld`\)@xrpld@g' BUILD.md
 ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's@XRPLF/xrpld@XRPLF/rippled@g' CONTRIBUTING.md
+${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's@XRPLF/xrpld@XRPLF/rippled@g' docs/build/install.md
 
 popd
 echo "Processing complete."

.github/scripts/rename/cmake.sh

@@ -8,16 +8,16 @@ set -e
 SED_COMMAND=sed
 HEAD_COMMAND=head
 if [[ "${OSTYPE}" == 'darwin'* ]]; then
-  if ! command -v gsed &> /dev/null; then
-      echo "Error: gsed is not installed. Please install it using 'brew install gnu-sed'."
-      exit 1
-  fi
-  SED_COMMAND=gsed
-  if ! command -v ghead &> /dev/null; then
-      echo "Error: ghead is not installed. Please install it using 'brew install coreutils'."
-      exit 1
-  fi
-  HEAD_COMMAND=ghead
+    if ! command -v gsed &> /dev/null; then
+        echo "Error: gsed is not installed. Please install it using 'brew install gnu-sed'."
+        exit 1
+    fi
+    SED_COMMAND=gsed
+    if ! command -v ghead &> /dev/null; then
+        echo "Error: ghead is not installed. Please install it using 'brew install coreutils'."
+        exit 1
+    fi
+    HEAD_COMMAND=ghead
 fi
 
 # This script renames CMake files from `RippleXXX.cmake` or `RippledXXX.cmake`
@@ -38,16 +38,16 @@ if [ ! -d "${DIRECTORY}" ]; then
     echo "Error: Directory '${DIRECTORY}' does not exist."
     exit 1
 fi
-pushd ${DIRECTORY}
+pushd "${DIRECTORY}"
 
 # Rename the files.
 find cmake -type f -name 'Rippled*.cmake' -exec bash -c 'mv "${1}" "${1/Rippled/Xrpl}"' - {} \;
 find cmake -type f -name 'Ripple*.cmake' -exec bash -c 'mv "${1}" "${1/Ripple/Xrpl}"' - {} \;
 if [ -e cmake/xrpl_add_test.cmake ]; then
-  mv cmake/xrpl_add_test.cmake cmake/XrplAddTest.cmake
+    mv cmake/xrpl_add_test.cmake cmake/XrplAddTest.cmake
 fi
 if [ -e include/xrpl/proto/ripple.proto ]; then
-  mv include/xrpl/proto/ripple.proto include/xrpl/proto/xrpl.proto
+    mv include/xrpl/proto/ripple.proto include/xrpl/proto/xrpl.proto
 fi
 
 # Rename inside the files.
@@ -71,14 +71,14 @@ ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's@xrpl/validator-keys-tool@ripple/validator-keys-tool@' cmake
 # Ensure the name of the binary and config remain 'rippled' for now.
 ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/xrpld(-example)?\.cfg/rippled\1.cfg/g' cmake/XrplInstall.cmake
 if grep -q '"xrpld"' cmake/XrplCore.cmake; then
-  # The script has been rerun, so just restore the name of the binary.
-  ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/"xrpld"/"rippled"/' cmake/XrplCore.cmake
+    # The script has been rerun, so just restore the name of the binary.
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/"xrpld"/"rippled"/' cmake/XrplCore.cmake
 elif ! grep -q '"rippled"' cmake/XrplCore.cmake; then
-  ${HEAD_COMMAND} -n -1 cmake/XrplCore.cmake > cmake.tmp
-  echo '  # For the time being, we will keep the name of the binary as it was.' >> cmake.tmp
-  echo '  set_target_properties(xrpld PROPERTIES OUTPUT_NAME "rippled")' >> cmake.tmp
-  tail -1 cmake/XrplCore.cmake >> cmake.tmp
-  mv cmake.tmp cmake/XrplCore.cmake
+    ${HEAD_COMMAND} -n -1 cmake/XrplCore.cmake > cmake.tmp
+    echo '  # For the time being, we will keep the name of the binary as it was.' >> cmake.tmp
+    echo '  set_target_properties(xrpld PROPERTIES OUTPUT_NAME "rippled")' >> cmake.tmp
+    tail -1 cmake/XrplCore.cmake >> cmake.tmp
+    mv cmake.tmp cmake/XrplCore.cmake
 fi
 
 # Restore the symlink from 'xrpld' to 'rippled'.

.github/scripts/rename/config.sh

@@ -6,11 +6,11 @@ set -e
 # On MacOS, ensure that GNU sed is installed and available as `gsed`.
 SED_COMMAND=sed
 if [[ "${OSTYPE}" == 'darwin'* ]]; then
-  if ! command -v gsed &> /dev/null; then
-      echo "Error: gsed is not installed. Please install it using 'brew install gnu-sed'."
-      exit 1
-  fi
-  SED_COMMAND=gsed
+    if ! command -v gsed &> /dev/null; then
+        echo "Error: gsed is not installed. Please install it using 'brew install gnu-sed'."
+        exit 1
+    fi
+    SED_COMMAND=gsed
 fi
 
 # This script renames the config from `rippled.cfg` to `xrpld.cfg`, and updates
@@ -28,40 +28,39 @@ if [ ! -d "${DIRECTORY}" ]; then
     echo "Error: Directory '${DIRECTORY}' does not exist."
     exit 1
 fi
-pushd ${DIRECTORY}
+pushd "${DIRECTORY}"
 
 # Add the xrpld.cfg to the .gitignore.
 if ! grep -q 'xrpld.cfg' .gitignore; then
-  ${SED_COMMAND} -i '/rippled.cfg/a\
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i '/rippled.cfg/a\
 /xrpld.cfg' .gitignore
 fi
 
 # Rename the files.
 if [ -e rippled.cfg ]; then
-  mv rippled.cfg xrpld.cfg
+    mv rippled.cfg xrpld.cfg
 fi
 if [ -e cfg/rippled-example.cfg ]; then
-  mv cfg/rippled-example.cfg cfg/xrpld-example.cfg
+    mv cfg/rippled-example.cfg cfg/xrpld-example.cfg
 fi
 
 # Rename inside the files.
 DIRECTORIES=("cfg" "cmake" "include" "src")
 for DIRECTORY in "${DIRECTORIES[@]}"; do
-  echo "Processing directory: ${DIRECTORY}"
+    echo "Processing directory: ${DIRECTORY}"
 
-  find "${DIRECTORY}" -type f \( -name "*.h" -o -name "*.hpp" -o -name "*.ipp" -o -name "*.cpp" -o -name "*.cmake" -o -name "*.txt" -o -name "*.cfg" -o -name "*.md" \) | while read -r FILE; do
-      echo "Processing file: ${FILE}"
-      ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/rippled(-example)?[ .]cfg/xrpld\1.cfg/g' "${FILE}"
-  done
+    find "${DIRECTORY}" -type f \( -name "*.h" -o -name "*.hpp" -o -name "*.ipp" -o -name "*.cpp" -o -name "*.cmake" -o -name "*.txt" -o -name "*.cfg" -o -name "*.md" \) | while read -r FILE; do
+        echo "Processing file: ${FILE}"
+        ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/rippled(-example)?[ .]cfg/xrpld\1.cfg/g' "${FILE}"
+        ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/rippleConfig/xrpldConfig/g' "${FILE}"
+    done
 done
 ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/rippled/xrpld/g' cfg/xrpld-example.cfg
 ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/rippled/xrpld/g' src/test/core/Config_test.cpp
 ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/ripplevalidators/xrplvalidators/g' src/test/core/Config_test.cpp # cspell: disable-line
-${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/rippleConfig/xrpldConfig/g' src/test/core/Config_test.cpp
 ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's@ripple/@xrpld/@g' src/test/core/Config_test.cpp
 ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/Rippled/File/g' src/test/core/Config_test.cpp
 
-
 # Restore the old config file name in the code that maintains support for now.
 ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/configLegacyName = "xrpld.cfg"/configLegacyName = "rippled.cfg"/g' src/xrpld/core/detail/Config.cpp
 

.github/scripts/rename/copyright.sh

@@ -6,11 +6,11 @@ set -e
 # On MacOS, ensure that GNU sed is installed and available as `gsed`.
 SED_COMMAND=sed
 if [[ "${OSTYPE}" == 'darwin'* ]]; then
-  if ! command -v gsed &> /dev/null; then
-      echo "Error: gsed is not installed. Please install it using 'brew install gnu-sed'."
-      exit 1
-  fi
-  SED_COMMAND=gsed
+    if ! command -v gsed &> /dev/null; then
+        echo "Error: gsed is not installed. Please install it using 'brew install gnu-sed'."
+        exit 1
+    fi
+    SED_COMMAND=gsed
 fi
 
 # This script removes superfluous copyright notices in source and header files
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ if [ ! -d "${DIRECTORY}" ]; then
     echo "Error: Directory '${DIRECTORY}' does not exist."
     exit 1
 fi
-pushd ${DIRECTORY}
+pushd "${DIRECTORY}"
 
 # Prevent sed and echo from removing newlines and tabs in string literals by
 # temporarily replacing them with placeholders. This only affects one file.
@@ -43,56 +43,56 @@ ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E "s@\\\t@${PLACEHOLDER_TAB}@g" src/test/rpc/ValidatorInfo_te
 # Process the include/ and src/ directories.
 DIRECTORIES=("include" "src")
 for DIRECTORY in "${DIRECTORIES[@]}"; do
-  echo "Processing directory: ${DIRECTORY}"
+    echo "Processing directory: ${DIRECTORY}"
 
-  find "${DIRECTORY}" -type f \( -name "*.h" -o -name "*.hpp" -o -name "*.ipp" -o -name "*.cpp" -o -name "*.macro" \) | while read -r FILE; do
-      echo "Processing file: ${FILE}"
-      # Handle the cases where the copyright notice is enclosed in /* ... */
-      # and usually surrounded by //---- and //======.
-      ${SED_COMMAND} -z -i -E 's@^//-------+\n+@@' "${FILE}"
-      ${SED_COMMAND} -z -i -E 's@^.*Copyright.+(Ripple|Bougalis|Falco|Hinnant|Null|Ritchford|XRPLF).+PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE\.\n\*/\n+@@' "${FILE}" # cspell: ignore Bougalis Falco Hinnant Ritchford
-      ${SED_COMMAND} -z -i -E 's@^//=======+\n+@@' "${FILE}"
+    find "${DIRECTORY}" -type f \( -name "*.h" -o -name "*.hpp" -o -name "*.ipp" -o -name "*.cpp" -o -name "*.macro" \) | while read -r FILE; do
+        echo "Processing file: ${FILE}"
+        # Handle the cases where the copyright notice is enclosed in /* ... */
+        # and usually surrounded by //---- and //======.
+        ${SED_COMMAND} -z -i -E 's@^//-------+\n+@@' "${FILE}"
+        ${SED_COMMAND} -z -i -E 's@^.*Copyright.+(Ripple|Bougalis|Falco|Hinnant|Null|Ritchford|XRPLF).+PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE\.\n\*/\n+@@' "${FILE}" # cspell: ignore Bougalis Falco Hinnant Ritchford
+        ${SED_COMMAND} -z -i -E 's@^//=======+\n+@@' "${FILE}"
 
-      # Handle the cases where the copyright notice is commented out with //.
-      ${SED_COMMAND} -z -i -E 's@^//\n// Copyright.+Falco \(vinnie dot falco at gmail dot com\)\n//\n+@@' "${FILE}" # cspell: ignore Vinnie Falco
-  done
+        # Handle the cases where the copyright notice is commented out with //.
+        ${SED_COMMAND} -z -i -E 's@^//\n// Copyright.+Falco \(vinnie dot falco at gmail dot com\)\n//\n+@@' "${FILE}" # cspell: ignore Vinnie Falco
+    done
 done
 
 # Restore copyright notices that were removed from specific files, without
 # restoring the verbiage that is already present in LICENSE.md. Ensure that if
 # the script is run multiple times, duplicate notices are not added.
 if ! grep -q 'Raw Material Software' include/xrpl/beast/core/CurrentThreadName.h; then
-  echo -e "// Portions of this file are from JUCE (http://www.juce.com).\n// Copyright (c) 2013 - Raw Material Software Ltd.\n// Please visit http://www.juce.com\n\n$(cat include/xrpl/beast/core/CurrentThreadName.h)" > include/xrpl/beast/core/CurrentThreadName.h
+    echo -e "// Portions of this file are from JUCE (http://www.juce.com).\n// Copyright (c) 2013 - Raw Material Software Ltd.\n// Please visit http://www.juce.com\n\n$(cat include/xrpl/beast/core/CurrentThreadName.h)" > include/xrpl/beast/core/CurrentThreadName.h
 fi
 if ! grep -q 'Dev Null' src/test/app/NetworkID_test.cpp; then
-  echo -e "// Copyright (c) 2020 Dev Null Productions\n\n$(cat src/test/app/NetworkID_test.cpp)" > src/test/app/NetworkID_test.cpp
+    echo -e "// Copyright (c) 2020 Dev Null Productions\n\n$(cat src/test/app/NetworkID_test.cpp)" > src/test/app/NetworkID_test.cpp
 fi
 if ! grep -q 'Dev Null' src/test/app/tx/apply_test.cpp; then
-  echo -e "// Copyright (c) 2020 Dev Null Productions\n\n$(cat src/test/app/tx/apply_test.cpp)" > src/test/app/tx/apply_test.cpp
+    echo -e "// Copyright (c) 2020 Dev Null Productions\n\n$(cat src/test/app/tx/apply_test.cpp)" > src/test/app/tx/apply_test.cpp
 fi
 if ! grep -q 'Dev Null' src/test/rpc/ManifestRPC_test.cpp; then
-  echo -e "// Copyright (c) 2020 Dev Null Productions\n\n$(cat src/test/rpc/ManifestRPC_test.cpp)" > src/test/rpc/ManifestRPC_test.cpp
+    echo -e "// Copyright (c) 2020 Dev Null Productions\n\n$(cat src/test/rpc/ManifestRPC_test.cpp)" > src/test/rpc/ManifestRPC_test.cpp
 fi
 if ! grep -q 'Dev Null' src/test/rpc/ValidatorInfo_test.cpp; then
-  echo -e "// Copyright (c) 2020 Dev Null Productions\n\n$(cat src/test/rpc/ValidatorInfo_test.cpp)" > src/test/rpc/ValidatorInfo_test.cpp
+    echo -e "// Copyright (c) 2020 Dev Null Productions\n\n$(cat src/test/rpc/ValidatorInfo_test.cpp)" > src/test/rpc/ValidatorInfo_test.cpp
 fi
-if ! grep -q 'Dev Null' src/xrpld/rpc/handlers/DoManifest.cpp; then
-  echo -e "// Copyright (c) 2019 Dev Null Productions\n\n$(cat src/xrpld/rpc/handlers/DoManifest.cpp)" > src/xrpld/rpc/handlers/DoManifest.cpp
+if ! grep -q 'Dev Null' src/xrpld/rpc/handlers/server_info/Manifest.cpp; then
+    echo -e "// Copyright (c) 2019 Dev Null Productions\n\n$(cat src/xrpld/rpc/handlers/server_info/Manifest.cpp)" > src/xrpld/rpc/handlers/server_info/Manifest.cpp
 fi
-if ! grep -q 'Dev Null' src/xrpld/rpc/handlers/ValidatorInfo.cpp; then
-  echo -e "// Copyright (c) 2019 Dev Null Productions\n\n$(cat src/xrpld/rpc/handlers/ValidatorInfo.cpp)" > src/xrpld/rpc/handlers/ValidatorInfo.cpp
+if ! grep -q 'Dev Null' src/xrpld/rpc/handlers/admin/status/ValidatorInfo.cpp; then
+    echo -e "// Copyright (c) 2019 Dev Null Productions\n\n$(cat src/xrpld/rpc/handlers/admin/status/ValidatorInfo.cpp)" > src/xrpld/rpc/handlers/admin/status/ValidatorInfo.cpp
 fi
 if ! grep -q 'Bougalis' include/xrpl/basics/SlabAllocator.h; then
-  echo -e "// Copyright (c) 2022, Nikolaos D. Bougalis <nikb@bougalis.net>\n\n$(cat include/xrpl/basics/SlabAllocator.h)" > include/xrpl/basics/SlabAllocator.h # cspell: ignore Nikolaos Bougalis nikb
+    echo -e "// Copyright (c) 2022, Nikolaos D. Bougalis <nikb@bougalis.net>\n\n$(cat include/xrpl/basics/SlabAllocator.h)" > include/xrpl/basics/SlabAllocator.h # cspell: ignore Nikolaos Bougalis nikb
 fi
 if ! grep -q 'Bougalis' include/xrpl/basics/spinlock.h; then
-  echo -e "// Copyright (c) 2022, Nikolaos D. Bougalis <nikb@bougalis.net>\n\n$(cat include/xrpl/basics/spinlock.h)" > include/xrpl/basics/spinlock.h # cspell: ignore Nikolaos Bougalis nikb
+    echo -e "// Copyright (c) 2022, Nikolaos D. Bougalis <nikb@bougalis.net>\n\n$(cat include/xrpl/basics/spinlock.h)" > include/xrpl/basics/spinlock.h # cspell: ignore Nikolaos Bougalis nikb
 fi
 if ! grep -q 'Bougalis' include/xrpl/basics/tagged_integer.h; then
-  echo -e "// Copyright (c) 2014, Nikolaos D. Bougalis <nikb@bougalis.net>\n\n$(cat include/xrpl/basics/tagged_integer.h)" > include/xrpl/basics/tagged_integer.h # cspell: ignore Nikolaos Bougalis nikb
+    echo -e "// Copyright (c) 2014, Nikolaos D. Bougalis <nikb@bougalis.net>\n\n$(cat include/xrpl/basics/tagged_integer.h)" > include/xrpl/basics/tagged_integer.h # cspell: ignore Nikolaos Bougalis nikb
 fi
 if ! grep -q 'Ritchford' include/xrpl/beast/utility/Zero.h; then
-  echo -e "// Copyright (c) 2014, Tom Ritchford <tom@swirly.com>\n\n$(cat include/xrpl/beast/utility/Zero.h)" > include/xrpl/beast/utility/Zero.h # cspell: ignore Ritchford
+    echo -e "// Copyright (c) 2014, Tom Ritchford <tom@swirly.com>\n\n$(cat include/xrpl/beast/utility/Zero.h)" > include/xrpl/beast/utility/Zero.h # cspell: ignore Ritchford
 fi
 
 # Restore newlines and tabs in string literals in the affected file.

.github/scripts/rename/definitions.sh

@@ -6,11 +6,11 @@ set -e
 # On MacOS, ensure that GNU sed is installed and available as `gsed`.
 SED_COMMAND=sed
 if [[ "${OSTYPE}" == 'darwin'* ]]; then
-  if ! command -v gsed &> /dev/null; then
-      echo "Error: gsed is not installed. Please install it using 'brew install gnu-sed'."
-      exit 1
-  fi
-  SED_COMMAND=gsed
+    if ! command -v gsed &> /dev/null; then
+        echo "Error: gsed is not installed. Please install it using 'brew install gnu-sed'."
+        exit 1
+    fi
+    SED_COMMAND=gsed
 fi
 
 # This script renames definitions, such as include guards, in this project.

.github/scripts/rename/docs.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+# Exit the script as soon as an error occurs.
+set -e
+
+# On MacOS, ensure that GNU sed is installed and available as `gsed`.
+SED_COMMAND=sed
+if [[ "${OSTYPE}" == 'darwin'* ]]; then
+    if ! command -v gsed &> /dev/null; then
+        echo "Error: gsed is not installed. Please install it using 'brew install gnu-sed'."
+        exit 1
+    fi
+    SED_COMMAND=gsed
+fi
+
+# This script renames all remaining references to `ripple` and `rippled` to
+# `xrpl` and `xrpld`, respectively, in code, comments, and documentation.
+# Usage: .github/scripts/rename/docs.sh <repository directory>
+
+if [ "$#" -ne 1 ]; then
+    echo "Usage: $0 <repository directory>"
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+DIRECTORY=$1
+echo "Processing directory: ${DIRECTORY}"
+if [ ! -d "${DIRECTORY}" ]; then
+    echo "Error: Directory '${DIRECTORY}' does not exist."
+    exit 1
+fi
+pushd "${DIRECTORY}"
+
+find . -type f \( -name "*.h" -o -name "*.hpp" -o -name "*.ipp" -o -name "*.cpp" -o -name "*.txt" -o -name "*.cfg" -o -name "*.md" -o -name "*.proto" \) -not -path "./.github/scripts/*" | while read -r FILE; do
+    echo "Processing file: ${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/rippleLockEscrowMPT/lockEscrowMPT/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/rippleUnlockEscrowMPT/unlockEscrowMPT/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/rippleCredit/directSendNoFee/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/rippleSend/directSendNoLimit/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's@([^/+-])rippled@\1xrpld@g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's@([^/+-])Rippled@\1Xrpld@g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/^rippled/xrpld/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/^Rippled/Xrpld/g' "${FILE}"
+    # cspell: disable
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple (a|A)ddress/XRPL address/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple (a|A)ccount/XRPL account/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple (a|A)lgorithm/XRPL algorithm/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple (c|C)lient/XRPL client/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple (c|C)luster/XRPL cluster/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple (c|C)onsensus/XRPL consensus/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple (d|D)efault/XRPL default/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple (e|E)poch/XRPL epoch/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple (f|F)eature/XRPL feature/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple (n|N)etwork/XRPL network/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple (p|P)ayment/XRPL payment/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple (p|P)rotocol/XRPL protocol/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple (r|R)epository/XRPL repository/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple RPC/XRPL RPC/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple (s|S)erialization/XRPL serialization/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple (s|S)erver/XRPL server/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple (s|S)pecific/XRPL specific/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple Source/XRPL Source/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple (t|T)imestamp/XRPL timestamp/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple uses the consensus/XRPL uses the consensus/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple (v|V)alidator/XRPL validator/g' "${FILE}"
+    # cspell: enable
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/RippleLib/XrplLib/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/ripple-lib/XrplLib/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's@opt/ripple/@opt/xrpld/@g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's@src/ripple/@src/xrpld/@g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's@ripple/app/@xrpld/app/@g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's@github.com/ripple/rippled@github.com/XRPLF/rippled@g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/\ba xrpl/an xrpl/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/\ba XRPL/an XRPL/g' "${FILE}"
+done
+${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/ripple_libs/xrpl_libs/' BUILD.md
+${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/Ripple integrators/XRPL developers/' README.md
+${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/sanitizer-configuration-for-rippled/sanitizer-configuration-for-xrpld/' docs/build/sanitizers.md
+${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/rippled/xrpld/g' .github/scripts/levelization/README.md
+${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/rippled/xrpld/g' .github/scripts/strategy-matrix/generate.py
+${SED_COMMAND} -i 's@/rippled@/xrpld@g' docs/build/install.md
+${SED_COMMAND} -i 's@github.com/XRPLF/xrpld@github.com/XRPLF/rippled@g' docs/build/install.md
+${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/rippled/xrpld/g' docs/Doxyfile
+${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/ripple_basics/basics/' include/xrpl/basics/CountedObject.h
+${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/<ripple/<xrpl/' include/xrpl/protocol/AccountID.h
+${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/Ripple:/the XRPL:/g' include/xrpl/protocol/SecretKey.h
+${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/Ripple:/the XRPL:/g' include/xrpl/protocol/Seed.h
+${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/ripple/xrpl/g' src/test/README.md
+${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/www.ripple.com/www.xrpl.org/g' src/test/protocol/Seed_test.cpp
+
+# Restore specific changes.
+${SED_COMMAND} -i 's@b5efcc/src/xrpld@b5efcc/src/ripple@' include/xrpl/protocol/README.md
+${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/dbPrefix_ = "xrpldb"/dbPrefix_ = "rippledb"/' src/xrpld/app/misc/SHAMapStoreImp.h # cspell: disable-line
+${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/configLegacyName = "xrpld.cfg"/configLegacyName = "rippled.cfg"/' src/xrpld/core/detail/Config.cpp
+
+popd
+echo "Renaming complete."

.github/scripts/rename/include.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+# Exit the script as soon as an error occurs.
+set -e
+
+# This script checks whether there are no new include guards introduced by a new
+# PR, as header files should use "#pragma once" instead. The script assumes any
+# include guards will use "XRPL_" as prefix.
+# Usage: .github/scripts/rename/include.sh <repository directory>
+
+if [ "$#" -ne 1 ]; then
+    echo "Usage: $0 <repository directory>"
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+DIRECTORY=$1
+echo "Processing directory: ${DIRECTORY}"
+if [ ! -d "${DIRECTORY}" ]; then
+    echo "Error: Directory '${DIRECTORY}' does not exist."
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+find "${DIRECTORY}" -type f \( -name "*.h" -o -name "*.hpp" -o -name "*.ipp" \) | while read -r FILE; do
+    echo "Processing file: ${FILE}"
+    if grep -q "#ifndef XRPL_" "${FILE}"; then
+        echo "Please replace all include guards by #pragma once."
+        exit 1
+    fi
+done
+echo "Checking complete."

.github/scripts/rename/namespace.sh

@@ -6,11 +6,11 @@ set -e
 # On MacOS, ensure that GNU sed is installed and available as `gsed`.
 SED_COMMAND=sed
 if [[ "${OSTYPE}" == 'darwin'* ]]; then
-  if ! command -v gsed &> /dev/null; then
-      echo "Error: gsed is not installed. Please install it using 'brew install gnu-sed'."
-      exit 1
-  fi
-  SED_COMMAND=gsed
+    if ! command -v gsed &> /dev/null; then
+        echo "Error: gsed is not installed. Please install it using 'brew install gnu-sed'."
+        exit 1
+    fi
+    SED_COMMAND=gsed
 fi
 
 # This script renames the `ripple` namespace to `xrpl` in this project.
@@ -31,18 +31,19 @@ if [ ! -d "${DIRECTORY}" ]; then
     echo "Error: Directory '${DIRECTORY}' does not exist."
     exit 1
 fi
-pushd ${DIRECTORY}
+pushd "${DIRECTORY}"
 
 DIRECTORIES=("include" "src" "tests")
 for DIRECTORY in "${DIRECTORIES[@]}"; do
-  echo "Processing directory: ${DIRECTORY}"
+    echo "Processing directory: ${DIRECTORY}"
 
-  find "${DIRECTORY}" -type f \( -name "*.h" -o -name "*.hpp" -o -name "*.ipp" -o -name "*.cpp" \) | while read -r FILE; do
-      echo "Processing file: ${FILE}"
-      ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/namespace ripple/namespace xrpl/g' "${FILE}"
-      ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/ripple::/xrpl::/g' "${FILE}"
-      ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(BEAST_DEFINE_TESTSUITE.+)ripple(.+)/\1xrpl\2/g' "${FILE}"
-  done
+    find "${DIRECTORY}" -type f \( -name "*.h" -o -name "*.hpp" -o -name "*.ipp" -o -name "*.cpp" -o -name "*.macro" \) | while read -r FILE; do
+        echo "Processing file: ${FILE}"
+        ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/namespace ripple/namespace xrpl/g' "${FILE}"
+        ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/ripple::/xrpl::/g' "${FILE}"
+        ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/"ripple:/"xrpl::/g' "${FILE}"
+        ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(BEAST_DEFINE_TESTSUITE.+)ripple(.+)/\1xrpl\2/g' "${FILE}"
+    done
 done
 
 # Special case for NuDBFactory that has ripple twice in the test suite name.

.github/scripts/strategy-matrix/generate.py

@@ -51,22 +51,21 @@ def generate_strategy_matrix(all: bool, config: Config) -> list:
         # Only generate a subset of configurations in PRs.
         if not all:
             # Debian:
-            # - Bookworm using GCC 13: Release and Unity on linux/amd64, set
-            #   the reference fee to 500.
-            # - Bookworm using GCC 15: Debug and no Unity on linux/amd64, enable
-            #   code coverage (which will be done below).
-            # - Bookworm using Clang 16: Debug and no Unity on linux/arm64,
-            #   enable voidstar.
-            # - Bookworm using Clang 17: Release and no Unity on linux/amd64,
-            #   set the reference fee to 1000.
-            # - Bookworm using Clang 20: Debug and Unity on linux/amd64.
+            # - Bookworm using GCC 13: Debug on linux/amd64, set the reference
+            #   fee to 500 and enable code coverage (which will be done below).
+            # - Bookworm using GCC 15: Debug on linux/amd64, enable Address and
+            #   UB sanitizers (which will be done below).
+            # - Bookworm using Clang 16: Debug on linux/amd64, enable voidstar.
+            # - Bookworm using Clang 17: Release on linux/amd64, set the
+            #   reference fee to 1000.
+            # - Bookworm using Clang 20: Debug on linux/amd64, enable Address
+            #   and UB sanitizers (which will be done below).
             if os["distro_name"] == "debian":
                 skip = True
                 if os["distro_version"] == "bookworm":
                     if (
                         f"{os['compiler_name']}-{os['compiler_version']}" == "gcc-13"
-                        and build_type == "Release"
-                        and "-Dunity=ON" in cmake_args
+                        and build_type == "Debug"
                         and architecture["platform"] == "linux/amd64"
                     ):
                         cmake_args = f"-DUNIT_TEST_REFERENCE_FEE=500 {cmake_args}"
@@ -74,22 +73,19 @@ def generate_strategy_matrix(all: bool, config: Config) -> list:
                     if (
                         f"{os['compiler_name']}-{os['compiler_version']}" == "gcc-15"
                         and build_type == "Debug"
-                        and "-Dunity=OFF" in cmake_args
                         and architecture["platform"] == "linux/amd64"
                     ):
                         skip = False
                     if (
                         f"{os['compiler_name']}-{os['compiler_version']}" == "clang-16"
                         and build_type == "Debug"
-                        and "-Dunity=OFF" in cmake_args
-                        and architecture["platform"] == "linux/arm64"
+                        and architecture["platform"] == "linux/amd64"
                     ):
                         cmake_args = f"-Dvoidstar=ON {cmake_args}"
                         skip = False
                     if (
                         f"{os['compiler_name']}-{os['compiler_version']}" == "clang-17"
                         and build_type == "Release"
-                        and "-Dunity=ON" in cmake_args
                         and architecture["platform"] == "linux/amd64"
                     ):
                         cmake_args = f"-DUNIT_TEST_REFERENCE_FEE=1000 {cmake_args}"
@@ -97,7 +93,6 @@ def generate_strategy_matrix(all: bool, config: Config) -> list:
                     if (
                         f"{os['compiler_name']}-{os['compiler_version']}" == "clang-20"
                         and build_type == "Debug"
-                        and "-Dunity=ON" in cmake_args
                         and architecture["platform"] == "linux/amd64"
                     ):
                         skip = False
@@ -105,15 +100,14 @@ def generate_strategy_matrix(all: bool, config: Config) -> list:
                     continue
 
             # RHEL:
-            # - 9 using GCC 12: Debug and Unity on linux/amd64.
-            # - 10 using Clang: Release and no Unity on linux/amd64.
+            # - 9 using GCC 12: Debug on linux/amd64.
+            # - 10 using Clang: Release on linux/amd64.
             if os["distro_name"] == "rhel":
                 skip = True
                 if os["distro_version"] == "9":
                     if (
                         f"{os['compiler_name']}-{os['compiler_version']}" == "gcc-12"
                         and build_type == "Debug"
-                        and "-Dunity=ON" in cmake_args
                         and architecture["platform"] == "linux/amd64"
                     ):
                         skip = False
@@ -121,7 +115,6 @@ def generate_strategy_matrix(all: bool, config: Config) -> list:
                     if (
                         f"{os['compiler_name']}-{os['compiler_version']}" == "clang-any"
                         and build_type == "Release"
-                        and "-Dunity=OFF" in cmake_args
                         and architecture["platform"] == "linux/amd64"
                     ):
                         skip = False
@@ -129,17 +122,16 @@ def generate_strategy_matrix(all: bool, config: Config) -> list:
                     continue
 
             # Ubuntu:
-            # - Jammy using GCC 12: Debug and no Unity on linux/arm64.
-            # - Noble using GCC 14: Release and Unity on linux/amd64.
-            # - Noble using Clang 18: Debug and no Unity on linux/amd64.
-            # - Noble using Clang 19: Release and Unity on linux/arm64.
+            # - Jammy using GCC 12: Debug on linux/arm64.
+            # - Noble using GCC 14: Release on linux/amd64.
+            # - Noble using Clang 18: Debug on linux/amd64.
+            # - Noble using Clang 19: Release on linux/arm64.
             if os["distro_name"] == "ubuntu":
                 skip = True
                 if os["distro_version"] == "jammy":
                     if (
                         f"{os['compiler_name']}-{os['compiler_version']}" == "gcc-12"
                         and build_type == "Debug"
-                        and "-Dunity=OFF" in cmake_args
                         and architecture["platform"] == "linux/arm64"
                     ):
                         skip = False
@@ -147,21 +139,18 @@ def generate_strategy_matrix(all: bool, config: Config) -> list:
                     if (
                         f"{os['compiler_name']}-{os['compiler_version']}" == "gcc-14"
                         and build_type == "Release"
-                        and "-Dunity=ON" in cmake_args
                         and architecture["platform"] == "linux/amd64"
                     ):
                         skip = False
                     if (
                         f"{os['compiler_name']}-{os['compiler_version']}" == "clang-18"
                         and build_type == "Debug"
-                        and "-Dunity=OFF" in cmake_args
                         and architecture["platform"] == "linux/amd64"
                     ):
                         skip = False
                     if (
                         f"{os['compiler_name']}-{os['compiler_version']}" == "clang-19"
                         and build_type == "Release"
-                        and "-Dunity=ON" in cmake_args
                         and architecture["platform"] == "linux/arm64"
                     ):
                         skip = False
@@ -169,20 +158,16 @@ def generate_strategy_matrix(all: bool, config: Config) -> list:
                     continue
 
             # MacOS:
-            # - Debug and no Unity on macos/arm64.
+            # - Debug on macos/arm64.
             if os["distro_name"] == "macos" and not (
-                build_type == "Debug"
-                and "-Dunity=OFF" in cmake_args
-                and architecture["platform"] == "macos/arm64"
+                build_type == "Debug" and architecture["platform"] == "macos/arm64"
             ):
                 continue
 
             # Windows:
-            # - Release and Unity on windows/amd64.
+            # - Release on windows/amd64.
             if os["distro_name"] == "windows" and not (
-                build_type == "Release"
-                and "-Dunity=ON" in cmake_args
-                and architecture["platform"] == "windows/amd64"
+                build_type == "Release" and architecture["platform"] == "windows/amd64"
             ):
                 continue
 
@@ -209,18 +194,28 @@ def generate_strategy_matrix(all: bool, config: Config) -> list:
         ):
             continue
 
-        # Enable code coverage for Debian Bookworm using GCC 15 in Debug and no
-        # Unity on linux/amd64
+        # Enable code coverage for Debian Bookworm using GCC 13 in Debug on
+        # linux/amd64.
         if (
-            f"{os['compiler_name']}-{os['compiler_version']}" == "gcc-15"
+            f"{os['distro_name']}-{os['distro_version']}" == "debian-bookworm"
+            and f"{os['compiler_name']}-{os['compiler_version']}" == "gcc-13"
             and build_type == "Debug"
-            and "-Dunity=OFF" in cmake_args
             and architecture["platform"] == "linux/amd64"
         ):
-            cmake_args = f"-Dcoverage=ON -Dcoverage_format=xml -DCODE_COVERAGE_VERBOSE=ON -DCMAKE_C_FLAGS=-O0 -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS=-O0 {cmake_args}"
+            cmake_args = f"{cmake_args} -Dcoverage=ON -Dcoverage_format=xml -DCODE_COVERAGE_VERBOSE=ON -DCMAKE_C_FLAGS=-O0 -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS=-O0"
+
+        # Enable unity build for Ubuntu Jammy using GCC 12 in Debug on
+        # linux/amd64.
+        if (
+            f"{os['distro_name']}-{os['distro_version']}" == "ubuntu-jammy"
+            and f"{os['compiler_name']}-{os['compiler_version']}" == "gcc-12"
+            and build_type == "Debug"
+            and architecture["platform"] == "linux/amd64"
+        ):
+            cmake_args = f"{cmake_args} -Dunity=ON"
 
         # Generate a unique name for the configuration, e.g. macos-arm64-debug
-        # or debian-bookworm-gcc-12-amd64-release-unity.
+        # or debian-bookworm-gcc-12-amd64-release.
         config_name = os["distro_name"]
         if (n := os["distro_version"]) != "":
             config_name += f"-{n}"
@@ -240,23 +235,39 @@ def generate_strategy_matrix(all: bool, config: Config) -> list:
         # Add the configuration to the list, with the most unique fields first,
         # so that they are easier to identify in the GitHub Actions UI, as long
         # names get truncated.
-        # Add Address and Thread (both coupled with UB) sanitizers for specific bookworm distros.
-        # GCC-Asan rippled-embedded tests are failing because of https://github.com/google/sanitizers/issues/856
-        if (
-            os["distro_version"] == "bookworm"
-            and f"{os['compiler_name']}-{os['compiler_version']}" == "clang-20"
-        ):
-            # Add ASAN + UBSAN configuration.
+        # Add Address and UB sanitizers as separate configurations for specific
+        # bookworm distros. Thread sanitizer is currently disabled (see below).
+        # GCC-Asan xrpld-embedded tests are failing because of https://github.com/google/sanitizers/issues/856
+        if os[
+            "distro_version"
+        ] == "bookworm" and f"{os['compiler_name']}-{os['compiler_version']}" in [
+            "gcc-15",
+            "clang-20",
+        ]:
+            # Add ASAN configuration.
             configurations.append(
                 {
-                    "config_name": config_name + "-asan-ubsan",
+                    "config_name": config_name + "-asan",
                     "cmake_args": cmake_args,
                     "cmake_target": cmake_target,
                     "build_only": build_only,
                     "build_type": build_type,
                     "os": os,
                     "architecture": architecture,
-                    "sanitizers": "address,undefinedbehavior",
+                    "sanitizers": "address",
+                }
+            )
+            # Add UBSAN configuration.
+            configurations.append(
+                {
+                    "config_name": config_name + "-ubsan",
+                    "cmake_args": cmake_args,
+                    "cmake_target": cmake_target,
+                    "build_only": build_only,
+                    "build_type": build_type,
+                    "os": os,
+                    "architecture": architecture,
+                    "sanitizers": "undefinedbehavior",
                 }
             )
             # TSAN is deactivated due to seg faults with latest compilers.

.github/scripts/strategy-matrix/linux.json

@@ -208,5 +208,5 @@
     }
   ],
   "build_type": ["Debug", "Release"],
-  "cmake_args": ["-Dunity=OFF", "-Dunity=ON"]
+  "cmake_args": [""]
 }

.github/scripts/strategy-matrix/macos.json

@@ -15,8 +15,5 @@
     }
   ],
   "build_type": ["Debug", "Release"],
-  "cmake_args": [
-    "-Dunity=OFF -DCMAKE_POLICY_VERSION_MINIMUM=3.5",
-    "-Dunity=ON -DCMAKE_POLICY_VERSION_MINIMUM=3.5"
-  ]
+  "cmake_args": ["-DCMAKE_POLICY_VERSION_MINIMUM=3.5"]
 }

.github/scripts/strategy-matrix/windows.json

@@ -15,5 +15,5 @@
     }
   ],
   "build_type": ["Debug", "Release"],
-  "cmake_args": ["-Dunity=OFF", "-Dunity=ON"]
+  "cmake_args": [""]
 }

.github/workflows/check-pr-commits.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+name: Check PR commits
+
+on:
+  pull_request_target:
+
+# The action needs to have write permissions to post comments on the PR.
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+  pull-requests: write
+
+jobs:
+  check_commits:
+    uses: XRPLF/actions/.github/workflows/check-pr-commits.yml@e2c7f400d1e85ae65dad552fd425169fbacca4a3

.github/workflows/check-pr-description.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+name: Check PR description
+
+on:
+  merge_group:
+    types:
+      - checks_requested
+  pull_request:
+    types: [opened, edited, reopened, synchronize, ready_for_review]
+    branches: [develop]
+
+jobs:
+  check_description:
+    if: ${{ github.event.pull_request.draft != true }}
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+
+      - name: Write PR body to file
+        env:
+          PR_BODY: ${{ github.event.pull_request.body }}
+        if: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' }}
+        run: printenv PR_BODY > pr_body.md
+
+      - name: Check PR description differs from template
+        if: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' }}
+        run: >
+          python .github/scripts/check-pr-description.py
+          --template-file .github/pull_request_template.md
+          --pr-body-file pr_body.md

.github/workflows/check-pr-title.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+name: Check PR title
+
+on:
+  merge_group:
+    types:
+      - checks_requested
+  pull_request:
+    types: [opened, edited, reopened, synchronize, ready_for_review]
+    branches: [develop]
+
+jobs:
+  check_title:
+    if: ${{ github.event.pull_request.draft != true }}
+    uses: XRPLF/actions/.github/workflows/check-pr-title.yml@a5d8dd35be543365e90a11358447130c8763871d

.github/workflows/conflicting-pr.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+name: Label PRs with merge conflicts
+
+on:
+  # So that PRs touching the same files as the push are updated.
+  push:
+  # So that the `dirtyLabel` is removed if conflicts are resolved.
+  # We recommend `pull_request_target` so that github secrets are available.
+  # In `pull_request` we wouldn't be able to change labels of fork PRs.
+  pull_request_target:
+    types: [synchronize]
+
+permissions:
+  pull-requests: write
+
+jobs:
+  main:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Check if PRs are dirty
+        uses: eps1lon/actions-label-merge-conflict@1df065ebe6e3310545d4f4c4e862e43bdca146f0 # v3.0.3
+        with:
+          dirtyLabel: "PR: has conflicts"
+          repoToken: "${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}"
+          commentOnDirty: "This PR has conflicts, please resolve them in order for the PR to be reviewed."
+          commentOnClean: "All conflicts have been resolved. Assigned reviewers can now start or resume their review."

.github/workflows/on-pr.yml

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@08eba0b27e820071cde6df949e0beb9ba4906955 # v4.3.0
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - name: Determine changed files
         # This step checks whether any files have changed that should
         # cause the next jobs to run. We do it this way rather than
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ jobs:
         # that Github considers any skipped jobs to have passed, and in
         # turn the required checks as well.
         id: changes
-        uses: tj-actions/changed-files@ed68ef82c095e0d48ec87eccea555d944a631a4c # v46.0.5
+        uses: tj-actions/changed-files@9426d40962ed5378910ee2e21d5f8c6fcbf2dd96 # v47.0.6
         with:
           files: |
             # These paths are unique to `on-pr.yml`.
@@ -59,14 +59,18 @@ jobs:
             # Keep the paths below in sync with those in `on-trigger.yml`.
             .github/actions/build-deps/**
             .github/actions/build-test/**
+            .github/actions/generate-version/**
             .github/actions/setup-conan/**
             .github/scripts/strategy-matrix/**
             .github/workflows/reusable-build.yml
             .github/workflows/reusable-build-test-config.yml
             .github/workflows/reusable-build-test.yml
+            .github/workflows/reusable-clang-tidy.yml
+            .github/workflows/reusable-clang-tidy-files.yml
             .github/workflows/reusable-strategy-matrix.yml
             .github/workflows/reusable-test.yml
             .github/workflows/reusable-upload-recipe.yml
+            .clang-tidy
             .codecov.yml
             cmake/**
             conan/**
@@ -106,6 +110,17 @@ jobs:
     if: ${{ needs.should-run.outputs.go == 'true' }}
     uses: ./.github/workflows/reusable-check-rename.yml
 
+  clang-tidy:
+    needs: should-run
+    if: ${{ needs.should-run.outputs.go == 'true' }}
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/reusable-clang-tidy.yml
+    permissions:
+      issues: write
+      contents: read
+    with:
+      check_only_changed: true
+      create_issue_on_failure: false
+
   build-test:
     needs: should-run
     if: ${{ needs.should-run.outputs.go == 'true' }}
@@ -126,9 +141,8 @@ jobs:
     needs:
       - should-run
       - build-test
-    # Only run when committing to a PR that targets a release branch in the
-    # XRPLF repository.
-    if: ${{ github.repository_owner == 'XRPLF' && needs.should-run.outputs.go == 'true' && startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/heads/release') }}
+    # Only run when committing to a PR that targets a release branch.
+    if: ${{ github.repository == 'XRPLF/rippled' && needs.should-run.outputs.go == 'true' && github.event_name == 'pull_request' && startsWith(github.event.pull_request.base.ref, 'release') }}
     uses: ./.github/workflows/reusable-upload-recipe.yml
     secrets:
       remote_username: ${{ secrets.CONAN_REMOTE_USERNAME }}
@@ -155,6 +169,7 @@ jobs:
     needs:
       - check-levelization
       - check-rename
+      - clang-tidy
       - build-test
       - upload-recipe
       - notify-clio

.github/workflows/on-tag.yml

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ name: Tag
 on:
   push:
     tags:
-      - "v*"
+      - "[0-9]+.[0-9]+.[0-9]*"
 
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
@@ -17,8 +17,7 @@ defaults:
 
 jobs:
   upload-recipe:
-    # Only run when a tag is pushed to the XRPLF repository.
-    if: ${{ github.repository_owner == 'XRPLF' }}
+    if: ${{ github.repository == 'XRPLF/rippled' }}
     uses: ./.github/workflows/reusable-upload-recipe.yml
     secrets:
       remote_username: ${{ secrets.CONAN_REMOTE_USERNAME }}

.github/workflows/on-trigger.yml

@@ -16,14 +16,18 @@ on:
       # Keep the paths below in sync with those in `on-pr.yml`.
       - ".github/actions/build-deps/**"
       - ".github/actions/build-test/**"
+      - ".github/actions/generate-version/**"
       - ".github/actions/setup-conan/**"
       - ".github/scripts/strategy-matrix/**"
       - ".github/workflows/reusable-build.yml"
       - ".github/workflows/reusable-build-test-config.yml"
       - ".github/workflows/reusable-build-test.yml"
+      - ".github/workflows/reusable-clang-tidy.yml"
+      - ".github/workflows/reusable-clang-tidy-files.yml"
       - ".github/workflows/reusable-strategy-matrix.yml"
       - ".github/workflows/reusable-test.yml"
       - ".github/workflows/reusable-upload-recipe.yml"
+      - ".clang-tidy"
       - ".codecov.yml"
       - "cmake/**"
       - "conan/**"
@@ -59,6 +63,15 @@ defaults:
     shell: bash
 
 jobs:
+  clang-tidy:
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/reusable-clang-tidy.yml
+    permissions:
+      issues: write
+      contents: read
+    with:
+      check_only_changed: false
+      create_issue_on_failure: ${{ github.event_name == 'schedule' }}
+
   build-test:
     uses: ./.github/workflows/reusable-build-test.yml
     strategy:
@@ -79,8 +92,8 @@ jobs:
 
   upload-recipe:
     needs: build-test
-    # Only run when pushing to the develop branch in the XRPLF repository.
-    if: ${{ github.repository_owner == 'XRPLF' && github.event_name == 'push' && github.ref == 'refs/heads/develop' }}
+    # Only run when pushing to the develop branch.
+    if: ${{ github.repository == 'XRPLF/rippled' && github.event_name == 'push' && github.ref == 'refs/heads/develop' }}
     uses: ./.github/workflows/reusable-upload-recipe.yml
     secrets:
       remote_username: ${{ secrets.CONAN_REMOTE_USERNAME }}

.github/workflows/pre-commit.yml

@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 name: Run pre-commit hooks
 
 on:
+  merge_group:
+    types:
+      - checks_requested
   pull_request:
   push:
     branches:
@@ -11,7 +14,7 @@ on:
 jobs:
   # Call the workflow in the XRPLF/actions repo that runs the pre-commit hooks.
   run-hooks:
-    uses: XRPLF/actions/.github/workflows/pre-commit.yml@282890f46d6921249d5659dd38babcb0bd8aef48
+    uses: XRPLF/actions/.github/workflows/pre-commit.yml@9307df762265e15c745ddcdb38a581c989f7f349
     with:
       runs_on: ubuntu-latest
-      container: '{ "image": "ghcr.io/xrplf/ci/tools-rippled-pre-commit:sha-ab4d1f0" }'
+      container: '{ "image": "ghcr.io/xrplf/ci/tools-rippled-pre-commit:sha-41ec7c1" }'

.github/workflows/publish-docs.yml

@@ -4,6 +4,17 @@ name: Build and publish documentation
 
 on:
   push:
+    branches:
+      - "develop"
+    paths:
+      - ".github/workflows/publish-docs.yml"
+      - "*.md"
+      - "**/*.md"
+      - "docs/**"
+      - "include/**"
+      - "src/libxrpl/**"
+      - "src/xrpld/**"
+  pull_request:
     paths:
       - ".github/workflows/publish-docs.yml"
       - "*.md"
@@ -23,20 +34,25 @@ defaults:
 
 env:
   BUILD_DIR: build
-  NPROC_SUBTRACT: 2
+  # ubuntu-latest has only 2 CPUs for private repositories
+  # https://docs.github.com/en/actions/reference/runners/github-hosted-runners#standard-github-hosted-runners-for--private-repositories
+  NPROC_SUBTRACT: ${{ github.event.repository.visibility == 'public' && '2' || '1' }}
 
 jobs:
-  publish:
+  build:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     container: ghcr.io/xrplf/ci/tools-rippled-documentation:sha-a8c7be1
-    permissions:
-      contents: write
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@08eba0b27e820071cde6df949e0beb9ba4906955 # v4.3.0
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+
+      - name: Prepare runner
+        uses: XRPLF/actions/prepare-runner@90f11ee655d1687824fb8793db770477d52afbab
+        with:
+          enable_ccache: false
 
       - name: Get number of processors
-        uses: XRPLF/actions/get-nproc@2ece4ec6ab7de266859a6f053571425b2bd684b6
+        uses: XRPLF/actions/get-nproc@cf0433aa74563aead044a1e395610c96d65a37cf
         id: nproc
         with:
           subtract: ${{ env.NPROC_SUBTRACT }}
@@ -64,9 +80,23 @@ jobs:
           cmake -Donly_docs=ON ..
           cmake --build . --target docs --parallel ${BUILD_NPROC}
 
-      - name: Publish documentation
-        if: ${{ github.ref_type == 'branch' && github.ref_name == github.event.repository.default_branch }}
-        uses: peaceiris/actions-gh-pages@4f9cc6602d3f66b9c108549d475ec49e8ef4d45e # v4.0.0
+      - name: Create documentation artifact
+        if: ${{ github.event.repository.visibility == 'public' && github.event_name == 'push' }}
+        uses: actions/upload-pages-artifact@fc324d3547104276b827a68afc52ff2a11cc49c9 # v5.0.0
         with:
-          github_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-          publish_dir: ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}/docs/html
+          path: ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}/docs/html
+
+  deploy:
+    if: ${{ github.repository == 'XRPLF/rippled' && github.event_name == 'push' }}
+    needs: build
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      pages: write
+      id-token: write
+    environment:
+      name: github-pages
+      url: ${{ steps.deploy.outputs.page_url }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Deploy to GitHub Pages
+        id: deploy
+        uses: actions/deploy-pages@cd2ce8fcbc39b97be8ca5fce6e763baed58fa128 # v5.0.0

.github/workflows/reusable-build-test-config.yml

@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ jobs:
     name: ${{ inputs.config_name }}
     runs-on: ${{ fromJSON(inputs.runs_on) }}
     container: ${{ inputs.image != '' && inputs.image || null }}
-    timeout-minutes: 60
+    timeout-minutes: ${{ inputs.sanitizers != '' && 360 || 60 }}
     env:
       # Use a namespace to keep the objects separate for each configuration.
       CCACHE_NAMESPACE: ${{ inputs.config_name }}
@@ -101,13 +101,13 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - name: Cleanup workspace (macOS and Windows)
         if: ${{ runner.os == 'macOS' || runner.os == 'Windows' }}
-        uses: XRPLF/actions/cleanup-workspace@2ece4ec6ab7de266859a6f053571425b2bd684b6
+        uses: XRPLF/actions/cleanup-workspace@c7d9ce5ebb03c752a354889ecd870cadfc2b1cd4
 
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@08eba0b27e820071cde6df949e0beb9ba4906955 # v4.3.0
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
 
       - name: Prepare runner
-        uses: XRPLF/actions/prepare-runner@f05cab7b8541eee6473aa42beb9d2fe35608a190
+        uses: XRPLF/actions/prepare-runner@90f11ee655d1687824fb8793db770477d52afbab
         with:
           enable_ccache: ${{ inputs.ccache_enabled }}
 
@@ -119,12 +119,14 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/print-env
 
       - name: Get number of processors
-        uses: XRPLF/actions/get-nproc@2ece4ec6ab7de266859a6f053571425b2bd684b6
+        uses: XRPLF/actions/get-nproc@cf0433aa74563aead044a1e395610c96d65a37cf
         id: nproc
         with:
           subtract: ${{ inputs.nproc_subtract }}
 
       - name: Setup Conan
+        env:
+          SANITIZERS: ${{ inputs.sanitizers }}
         uses: ./.github/actions/setup-conan
 
       - name: Build dependencies
@@ -151,6 +153,32 @@ jobs:
             ${CMAKE_ARGS} \
             ..
 
+      - name: Check protocol autogen files are up-to-date
+        working-directory: ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}
+        env:
+          MESSAGE: |
+
+            The generated protocol wrapper classes are out of date.
+
+            This typically happens when the macro files or generator scripts
+            have changed but the generated files were not regenerated.
+
+            To fix this:
+              1. Run: cmake --build . --target setup_code_gen
+              2. Run: cmake --build . --target code_gen
+              3. Commit and push the regenerated files
+        run: |
+          set -e
+          cmake --build . --target setup_code_gen
+          cmake --build . --target code_gen
+          DIFF=$(git -C .. status --porcelain -- include/xrpl/protocol_autogen src/tests/libxrpl/protocol_autogen)
+          if [ -n "${DIFF}" ]; then
+            echo "::error::Generated protocol files are out of date"
+            git -C .. diff -- include/xrpl/protocol_autogen src/tests/libxrpl/protocol_autogen
+            echo "${MESSAGE}"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
       - name: Build the binary
         working-directory: ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}
         env:
@@ -174,14 +202,30 @@ jobs:
           fi
 
       - name: Upload the binary (Linux)
-        if: ${{ github.repository_owner == 'XRPLF' && runner.os == 'Linux' }}
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@ea165f8d65b6e75b540449e92b4886f43607fa02 # v4.6.2
+        if: ${{ github.event.repository.visibility == 'public' && runner.os == 'Linux' }}
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
         with:
           name: xrpld-${{ inputs.config_name }}
           path: ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}/xrpld
           retention-days: 3
           if-no-files-found: error
 
+      - name: Export server definitions
+        if: ${{ runner.os != 'Windows' && !inputs.build_only && env.VOIDSTAR_ENABLED != 'true' }}
+        working-directory: ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}
+        run: |
+          set -o pipefail
+          ./xrpld --definitions | python3 -m json.tool > server_definitions.json
+
+      - name: Upload server definitions
+        if: ${{ github.event.repository.visibility == 'public' && inputs.config_name == 'debian-bookworm-gcc-13-amd64-release' }}
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
+        with:
+          name: server-definitions
+          path: ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}/server_definitions.json
+          retention-days: 3
+          if-no-files-found: error
+
       - name: Check linking (Linux)
         if: ${{ runner.os == 'Linux' && env.SANITIZERS_ENABLED == 'false' }}
         working-directory: ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}
@@ -202,11 +246,17 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Set sanitizer options
         if: ${{ !inputs.build_only && env.SANITIZERS_ENABLED == 'true' }}
+        env:
+          CONFIG_NAME: ${{ inputs.config_name }}
         run: |
-          echo "ASAN_OPTIONS=print_stacktrace=1:detect_container_overflow=0:suppressions=${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/sanitizers/suppressions/asan.supp" >> ${GITHUB_ENV}
-          echo "TSAN_OPTIONS=second_deadlock_stack=1:halt_on_error=0:suppressions=${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/sanitizers/suppressions/tsan.supp" >> ${GITHUB_ENV}
-          echo "UBSAN_OPTIONS=suppressions=${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/sanitizers/suppressions/ubsan.supp" >> ${GITHUB_ENV}
-          echo "LSAN_OPTIONS=suppressions=${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/sanitizers/suppressions/lsan.supp" >> ${GITHUB_ENV}
+          ASAN_OPTS="include=${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/sanitizers/suppressions/runtime-asan-options.txt:suppressions=${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/sanitizers/suppressions/asan.supp"
+          if [[ "${CONFIG_NAME}" == *gcc* ]]; then
+            ASAN_OPTS="${ASAN_OPTS}:alloc_dealloc_mismatch=0"
+          fi
+          echo "ASAN_OPTIONS=${ASAN_OPTS}" >> ${GITHUB_ENV}
+          echo "TSAN_OPTIONS=include=${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/sanitizers/suppressions/runtime-tsan-options.txt:suppressions=${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/sanitizers/suppressions/tsan.supp" >> ${GITHUB_ENV}
+          echo "UBSAN_OPTIONS=include=${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/sanitizers/suppressions/runtime-ubsan-options.txt:suppressions=${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/sanitizers/suppressions/ubsan.supp" >> ${GITHUB_ENV}
+          echo "LSAN_OPTIONS=include=${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/sanitizers/suppressions/runtime-lsan-options.txt:suppressions=${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/sanitizers/suppressions/lsan.supp" >> ${GITHUB_ENV}
 
       - name: Run the separate tests
         if: ${{ !inputs.build_only }}
@@ -227,8 +277,23 @@ jobs:
         env:
           BUILD_NPROC: ${{ steps.nproc.outputs.nproc }}
         run: |
-          ./xrpld --unittest --unittest-jobs "${BUILD_NPROC}"
+          set -o pipefail
+          # Coverage builds are slower due to instrumentation; use fewer parallel jobs to avoid flakiness
+          [ "$COVERAGE_ENABLED" = "true" ] && BUILD_NPROC=$(( BUILD_NPROC - 2 ))
+          ./xrpld --unittest --unittest-jobs "${BUILD_NPROC}" 2>&1 | tee unittest.log
 
+      - name: Show test failure summary
+        if: ${{ failure() && !inputs.build_only }}
+        working-directory: ${{ runner.os == 'Windows' && format('{0}/{1}', env.BUILD_DIR, inputs.build_type) || env.BUILD_DIR }}
+        run: |
+          if [ ! -f unittest.log ]; then
+            echo "unittest.log not found; embedded tests may not have run."
+            exit 0
+          fi
+
+          if ! grep -E "failed" unittest.log; then
+            echo "Log present but no failure lines found in unittest.log."
+          fi
       - name: Debug failure (Linux)
         if: ${{ failure() && runner.os == 'Linux' && !inputs.build_only }}
         run: |
@@ -251,8 +316,8 @@ jobs:
             --target coverage
 
       - name: Upload coverage report
-        if: ${{ github.repository_owner == 'XRPLF' && !inputs.build_only && env.COVERAGE_ENABLED == 'true' }}
-        uses: codecov/codecov-action@18283e04ce6e62d37312384ff67231eb8fd56d24 # v5.4.3
+        if: ${{ github.repository == 'XRPLF/rippled' && !inputs.build_only && env.COVERAGE_ENABLED == 'true' }}
+        uses: codecov/codecov-action@57e3a136b779b570ffcdbf80b3bdc90e7fab3de2 # v6.0.0
         with:
           disable_search: true
           disable_telem: true

.github/workflows/reusable-check-levelization.yml

@@ -18,9 +18,9 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@08eba0b27e820071cde6df949e0beb9ba4906955 # v4.3.0
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - name: Check levelization
-        run: .github/scripts/levelization/generate.sh
+        run: python .github/scripts/levelization/generate.py
       - name: Check for differences
         env:
           MESSAGE: |
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ jobs:
             removed from loops.txt, it's probably an improvement, while if
             something was added, it's probably a regression.
 
-            Run '.github/scripts/levelization/generate.sh' in your repo, commit
+            Run '.github/scripts/levelization/generate.py' in your repo, commit
             and push the changes. See .github/scripts/levelization/README.md for
             more info.
         run: |

.github/workflows/reusable-check-rename.yml

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@08eba0b27e820071cde6df949e0beb9ba4906955 # v4.3.0
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - name: Check definitions
         run: .github/scripts/rename/definitions.sh .
       - name: Check copyright notices
@@ -31,6 +31,10 @@ jobs:
         run: .github/scripts/rename/namespace.sh .
       - name: Check config name
         run: .github/scripts/rename/config.sh .
+      - name: Check include guards
+        run: .github/scripts/rename/include.sh .
+      - name: Check documentation
+        run: .github/scripts/rename/docs.sh .
       - name: Check for differences
         env:
           MESSAGE: |

.github/workflows/reusable-clang-tidy-files.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+name: Run clang-tidy on files
+
+on:
+  workflow_call:
+    inputs:
+      files:
+        description: "List of files to check (empty means check all files)"
+        type: string
+        default: ""
+      create_issue_on_failure:
+        description: "Whether to create an issue if the check failed"
+        type: boolean
+        default: false
+
+defaults:
+  run:
+    shell: bash
+
+env:
+  # Conan installs the generators in the build/generators directory, see the
+  # layout() method in conanfile.py. We then run CMake from the build directory.
+  BUILD_DIR: build
+  BUILD_TYPE: Release
+
+jobs:
+  run-clang-tidy:
+    name: Run clang tidy
+    runs-on: ["self-hosted", "Linux", "X64", "heavy"]
+    container: "ghcr.io/xrplf/ci/debian-trixie:clang-21-sha-53033a2"
+    permissions:
+      issues: write
+      contents: read
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+
+      - name: Prepare runner
+        uses: XRPLF/actions/prepare-runner@90f11ee655d1687824fb8793db770477d52afbab
+        with:
+          enable_ccache: false
+
+      - name: Print build environment
+        uses: ./.github/actions/print-env
+
+      - name: Get number of processors
+        uses: XRPLF/actions/get-nproc@cf0433aa74563aead044a1e395610c96d65a37cf
+        id: nproc
+
+      - name: Setup Conan
+        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-conan
+
+      - name: Build dependencies
+        uses: ./.github/actions/build-deps
+        with:
+          build_nproc: ${{ steps.nproc.outputs.nproc }}
+          build_type: ${{ env.BUILD_TYPE }}
+          log_verbosity: verbose
+
+      - name: Configure CMake
+        working-directory: ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}
+        run: |
+          cmake \
+            -G 'Ninja' \
+            -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE:FILEPATH=build/generators/conan_toolchain.cmake \
+            -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE="${BUILD_TYPE}" \
+            -Dtests=ON \
+            -Dwerr=ON \
+            -Dxrpld=ON \
+            ..
+
+      # clang-tidy needs headers generated from proto files
+      - name: Build libxrpl.libpb
+        working-directory: ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}
+        run: |
+          ninja -j ${{ steps.nproc.outputs.nproc }} xrpl.libpb
+
+      - name: Run clang tidy
+        id: run_clang_tidy
+        continue-on-error: true
+        env:
+          TARGETS: ${{ inputs.files != '' && inputs.files || 'src tests' }}
+        run: |
+          run-clang-tidy -j ${{ steps.nproc.outputs.nproc }} -p "${BUILD_DIR}" -quiet -fix -allow-no-checks ${TARGETS} 2>&1 | tee clang-tidy-output.txt
+
+      - name: Upload clang-tidy output
+        if: ${{ github.event.repository.visibility == 'public' && steps.run_clang_tidy.outcome != 'success' }}
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
+        with:
+          name: clang-tidy-results
+          path: clang-tidy-output.txt
+          retention-days: 30
+
+      - name: Generate git diff
+        if: ${{ steps.run_clang_tidy.outcome != 'success' }}
+        run: |
+          git diff | tee clang-tidy-git-diff.txt
+
+      - name: Upload clang-tidy diff output
+        if: ${{ github.event.repository.visibility == 'public' && steps.run_clang_tidy.outcome != 'success' }}
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
+        with:
+          name: clang-tidy-git-diff
+          path: clang-tidy-git-diff.txt
+          retention-days: 30
+
+      - name: Create an issue
+        if: ${{ steps.run_clang_tidy.outcome != 'success' && inputs.create_issue_on_failure }}
+        id: create_issue
+        shell: bash
+        env:
+          GH_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
+        run: |
+          # Prepare issue body with clang-tidy output
+          cat > issue.md <<EOF
+          ## Clang-tidy Check Failed
+
+          **Workflow:** ${{ github.workflow }}
+          **Run ID:** ${{ github.run_id }}
+          **Commit:** ${{ github.sha }}
+          **Branch/Ref:** ${{ github.ref }}
+          **Triggered by:** ${{ github.actor }}
+
+          ### Clang-tidy Output:
+          \`\`\`
+          EOF
+
+          # Append clang-tidy output (filter for errors and warnings)
+          if [ -f clang-tidy-output.txt ]; then
+            # Extract lines containing 'error:', 'warning:', or 'note:'
+            grep -E '(error:|warning:|note:)' clang-tidy-output.txt > filtered-output.txt || true
+
+            # If filtered output is empty, use original (might be a different error format)
+            if [ ! -s filtered-output.txt ]; then
+              cp clang-tidy-output.txt filtered-output.txt
+            fi
+
+            # Truncate if too large
+            head -c 60000 filtered-output.txt >> issue.md
+            if [ "$(wc -c < filtered-output.txt)" -gt 60000 ]; then
+              echo "" >> issue.md
+              echo "... (output truncated, see artifacts for full output)" >> issue.md
+            fi
+
+            rm filtered-output.txt
+          else
+            echo "No output file found" >> issue.md
+          fi
+
+          cat >> issue.md <<EOF
+          \`\`\`
+
+          **Workflow run:** ${{ github.server_url }}/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}
+
+          ---
+          *This issue was automatically created by the clang-tidy workflow.*
+          EOF
+
+          # Create the issue
+          gh issue create \
+            --label "Bug,Clang-tidy" \
+            --title "Clang-tidy check failed" \
+            --body-file ./issue.md \
+            > create_issue.log
+
+          created_issue="$(sed 's|.*/||' create_issue.log)"
+          echo "created_issue=$created_issue" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo "Created issue #$created_issue"
+
+          rm -f create_issue.log issue.md clang-tidy-output.txt
+
+      - name: Fail the workflow if clang-tidy failed
+        if: ${{ steps.run_clang_tidy.outcome != 'success' }}
+        run: |
+          echo "Clang-tidy check failed!"
+          exit 1

.github/workflows/reusable-clang-tidy.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+name: Clang-tidy check
+
+on:
+  workflow_call:
+    inputs:
+      check_only_changed:
+        description: "Check only changed files in PR. If false, checks all files in the repository."
+        type: boolean
+        default: false
+      create_issue_on_failure:
+        description: "Whether to create an issue if the check failed"
+        type: boolean
+        default: false
+
+defaults:
+  run:
+    shell: bash
+
+jobs:
+  determine-files:
+    name: Determine files to check
+    if: ${{ inputs.check_only_changed }}
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    outputs:
+      clang_tidy_config_changed: ${{ steps.changed_clang_tidy.outputs.any_changed }}
+      any_cpp_changed: ${{ steps.changed_files.outputs.any_changed }}
+      all_changed_files: ${{ steps.changed_files.outputs.all_changed_files }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+
+      - name: Get changed C++ files
+        id: changed_files
+        uses: tj-actions/changed-files@9426d40962ed5378910ee2e21d5f8c6fcbf2dd96 # v47.0.6
+        with:
+          files: |
+            **/*.cpp
+            **/*.h
+            **/*.ipp
+          separator: " "
+
+      - name: Get changed clang-tidy configuration
+        id: changed_clang_tidy
+        uses: tj-actions/changed-files@9426d40962ed5378910ee2e21d5f8c6fcbf2dd96 # v47.0.6
+        with:
+          files: |
+            .clang-tidy
+
+  run-clang-tidy:
+    needs: [determine-files]
+    if: ${{ always() && !cancelled() && (!inputs.check_only_changed || needs.determine-files.outputs.any_cpp_changed == 'true' || needs.determine-files.outputs.clang_tidy_config_changed == 'true') }}
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/reusable-clang-tidy-files.yml
+    with:
+      files: ${{ (needs.determine-files.outputs.clang_tidy_config_changed != 'true' && inputs.check_only_changed) && needs.determine-files.outputs.all_changed_files || '' }}
+      create_issue_on_failure: ${{ inputs.create_issue_on_failure }}

.github/workflows/reusable-strategy-matrix.yml

@@ -29,10 +29,10 @@ jobs:
       matrix: ${{ steps.generate.outputs.matrix }}
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@08eba0b27e820071cde6df949e0beb9ba4906955 # v4.3.0
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
 
       - name: Set up Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@a26af69be951a213d495a4c3e4e4022e16d87065 # v5.6.0
+        uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405 # v6.2.0
         with:
           python-version: 3.13
 

.github/workflows/reusable-upload-recipe.yml

@@ -43,16 +43,12 @@ jobs:
     container: ghcr.io/xrplf/ci/ubuntu-noble:gcc-13-sha-5dd7158
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@08eba0b27e820071cde6df949e0beb9ba4906955 # v4.3.0
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
 
       - name: Generate build version number
         id: version
         uses: ./.github/actions/generate-version
 
-      - name: Determine recipe reference
-        id: ref
-        run: echo "ref=xrpl/${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}" >> "${GITHUB_OUTPUT}"
-
       - name: Set up Conan
         uses: ./.github/actions/setup-conan
         with:
@@ -62,17 +58,46 @@ jobs:
       - name: Log into Conan remote
         env:
           REMOTE_NAME: ${{ inputs.remote_name }}
-          REMOTE_USERNAME: ${{ inputs.remote_username }}
-          REMOTE_PASSWORD: ${{ inputs.remote_password }}
+          REMOTE_USERNAME: ${{ secrets.remote_username }}
+          REMOTE_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.remote_password }}
         run: conan remote login "${REMOTE_NAME}" "${REMOTE_USERNAME}" --password "${REMOTE_PASSWORD}"
 
-      - name: Upload Conan recipe
+      - name: Upload Conan recipe (version)
         env:
-          RECIPE_REF: ${{ steps.ref.outputs.ref }}
           REMOTE_NAME: ${{ inputs.remote_name }}
         run: |
-          conan export .
-          conan upload --confirm --check --remote="${REMOTE_NAME}" ${RECIPE_REF}
+          conan export . --version=${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}
+          conan upload --confirm --check --remote="${REMOTE_NAME}" xrpl/${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}
+
+      # When this workflow is triggered by a push event, it will always be when merging into the
+      # 'develop' branch, see on-trigger.yml.
+      - name: Upload Conan recipe (develop)
+        if: ${{ github.event_name == 'push' }}
+        env:
+          REMOTE_NAME: ${{ inputs.remote_name }}
+        run: |
+          conan export . --version=develop
+          conan upload --confirm --check --remote="${REMOTE_NAME}" xrpl/develop
+
+      # When this workflow is triggered by a pull request event, it will always be when merging into
+      # one of the 'release' branches, see on-pr.yml.
+      - name: Upload Conan recipe (rc)
+        if: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' }}
+        env:
+          REMOTE_NAME: ${{ inputs.remote_name }}
+        run: |
+          conan export . --version=rc
+          conan upload --confirm --check --remote="${REMOTE_NAME}" xrpl/rc
+
+      # When this workflow is triggered by a push event, it will always be when tagging a final
+      # release, see on-tag.yml.
+      - name: Upload Conan recipe (release)
+        if: ${{ startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/') }}
+        env:
+          REMOTE_NAME: ${{ inputs.remote_name }}
+        run: |
+          conan export . --version=release
+          conan upload --confirm --check --remote="${REMOTE_NAME}" xrpl/release
 
     outputs:
-      ref: ${{ steps.ref.outputs.ref }}
+      ref: xrpl/${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}

.github/workflows/upload-conan-deps.yml

@@ -64,13 +64,13 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - name: Cleanup workspace (macOS and Windows)
         if: ${{ runner.os == 'macOS' || runner.os == 'Windows' }}
-        uses: XRPLF/actions/cleanup-workspace@2ece4ec6ab7de266859a6f053571425b2bd684b6
+        uses: XRPLF/actions/cleanup-workspace@c7d9ce5ebb03c752a354889ecd870cadfc2b1cd4
 
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@08eba0b27e820071cde6df949e0beb9ba4906955 # v4.3.0
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
 
       - name: Prepare runner
-        uses: XRPLF/actions/prepare-runner@f05cab7b8541eee6473aa42beb9d2fe35608a190
+        uses: XRPLF/actions/prepare-runner@90f11ee655d1687824fb8793db770477d52afbab
         with:
           enable_ccache: false
 
@@ -78,12 +78,14 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/print-env
 
       - name: Get number of processors
-        uses: XRPLF/actions/get-nproc@2ece4ec6ab7de266859a6f053571425b2bd684b6
+        uses: XRPLF/actions/get-nproc@cf0433aa74563aead044a1e395610c96d65a37cf
         id: nproc
         with:
           subtract: ${{ env.NPROC_SUBTRACT }}
 
       - name: Setup Conan
+        env:
+          SANITIZERS: ${{ matrix.sanitizers }}
         uses: ./.github/actions/setup-conan
         with:
           remote_name: ${{ env.CONAN_REMOTE_NAME }}
@@ -98,13 +100,14 @@ jobs:
           # Set the verbosity to "quiet" for Windows to avoid an excessive
           # amount of logs. For other OSes, the "verbose" logs are more useful.
           log_verbosity: ${{ runner.os == 'Windows' && 'quiet' || 'verbose' }}
+          sanitizers: ${{ matrix.sanitizers }}
 
       - name: Log into Conan remote
-        if: ${{ github.repository_owner == 'XRPLF' && (github.event_name == 'push' || github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch') }}
+        if: ${{ github.repository == 'XRPLF/rippled' && (github.event_name == 'push' || github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch') }}
         run: conan remote login "${CONAN_REMOTE_NAME}" "${{ secrets.CONAN_REMOTE_USERNAME }}" --password "${{ secrets.CONAN_REMOTE_PASSWORD }}"
 
       - name: Upload Conan packages
-        if: ${{ github.repository_owner == 'XRPLF' && (github.event_name == 'push' || github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch') }}
+        if: ${{ github.repository == 'XRPLF/rippled' && (github.event_name == 'push' || github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch') }}
         env:
           FORCE_OPTION: ${{ github.event.inputs.force_upload == 'true' && '--force' || '' }}
         run: conan upload "*" --remote="${CONAN_REMOTE_NAME}" --confirm ${FORCE_OPTION}

.gitignore

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 Debug/
 Release/
 /.build/
+/.venv/
 /build/
 /db/
 /out.txt
@@ -42,6 +43,9 @@ gmon.out
 # Locally patched Conan recipes
 external/conan-center-index/
 
+# Local conan directory
+.conan
+
 # XCode IDE.
 *.pbxuser
 !default.pbxuser
@@ -64,7 +68,21 @@ DerivedData
 /.vs/
 /.vscode/
 
+# zed IDE.
+/.zed/
+
 # AI tools.
+/.agent
+/.agents
 /.augment
 /.claude
 /CLAUDE.md
+
+# Python
+__pycache__
+
+# Direnv's directory
+/.direnv
+
+# clangd cache
+/.cache

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -13,34 +13,64 @@ repos:
   - repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/pre-commit-hooks
     rev: 3e8a8703264a2f4a69428a0aa4dcb512790b2c8c # frozen: v6.0.0
     hooks:
+      - id: check-added-large-files
+        args: [--maxkb=400, --enforce-all]
       - id: trailing-whitespace
       - id: end-of-file-fixer
-      - id: mixed-line-ending
       - id: check-merge-conflict
         args: [--assume-in-merge]
 
+  - repo: local
+    hooks:
+      - id: clang-tidy
+        name: "clang-tidy (enable with: TIDY=1)"
+        entry: ./bin/pre-commit/clang_tidy_check.py
+        language: python
+        types_or: [c++, c]
+        exclude: ^include/xrpl/protocol_autogen
+        pass_filenames: false # script determines the staged files itself
+      - id: fix-include-style
+        name: fix include style
+        entry: ./bin/pre-commit/fix_include_style.py
+        language: python
+        types_or: [c++, c]
+        exclude: ^include/xrpl/protocol_autogen/(transactions|ledger_entries)/
+
   - repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/mirrors-clang-format
-    rev: 7d85583be209cb547946c82fbe51f4bc5dd1d017 # frozen: v18.1.8
+    rev: cd481d7b0bfb5c7b3090c21846317f9a8262e891 # frozen: v22.1.0
     hooks:
       - id: clang-format
         args: [--style=file]
         "types_or": [c++, c, proto]
+        exclude: ^include/xrpl/protocol_autogen/(transactions|ledger_entries)/
+
+  - repo: https://github.com/BlankSpruce/gersemi
+    rev: 0.26.0
+    hooks:
+      - id: gersemi
 
   - repo: https://github.com/rbubley/mirrors-prettier
-    rev: 5ba47274f9b181bce26a5150a725577f3c336011 # frozen: v3.6.2
+    rev: c2bc67fe8f8f549cc489e00ba8b45aa18ee713b1 # frozen: v3.8.1
     hooks:
       - id: prettier
+        args: [--end-of-line=auto]
 
   - repo: https://github.com/psf/black-pre-commit-mirror
-    rev: 831207fd435b47aeffdf6af853097e64322b4d44 # frozen: v25.12.0
+    rev: ea488cebbfd88a5f50b8bd95d5c829d0bb76feb8 # frozen: 26.1.0
     hooks:
       - id: black
 
+  - repo: https://github.com/openstack/bashate
+    rev: 5798d24d571676fc407e81df574c1ef57b520f23 # frozen: 2.1.1
+    hooks:
+      - id: bashate
+        args: ["--ignore=E006"]
+
   - repo: https://github.com/streetsidesoftware/cspell-cli
-    rev: 1cfa010f078c354f3ffb8413616280cc28f5ba21 # frozen: v9.4.0
+    rev: a42085ade523f591dca134379a595e7859986445 # frozen: v9.7.0
     hooks:
       - id: cspell # Spell check changed files
-        exclude: .config/cspell.config.yaml
+        exclude: (.config/cspell.config.yaml|^include/xrpl/protocol_autogen/(transactions|ledger_entries)/)
       - id: cspell # Spell check the commit message
         name: check commit message spelling
         args:
@@ -51,8 +81,27 @@ repos:
           - .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG
         stages: [commit-msg]
 
+  - repo: local
+    hooks:
+      - id: nix-fmt
+        name: Format Nix files
+        entry: |
+          bash -c '
+            if command -v nix &> /dev/null || [ "$GITHUB_ACTIONS" = "true" ]; then
+              nix --extra-experimental-features "nix-command flakes" fmt "$@"
+            else
+              echo "Skipping nix-fmt: nix not installed and not in GitHub Actions"
+              exit 0
+            fi
+          ' --
+        language: system
+        types:
+          - nix
+        pass_filenames: true
+
 exclude: |
   (?x)^(
       external/.*|
-      .github/scripts/levelization/results/.*\.txt
+      .github/scripts/levelization/results/.*\.txt|
+      src/tests/libxrpl/protocol_autogen/(transactions|ledger_entries)/.*
   )$

API-CHANGELOG.md

@@ -4,92 +4,106 @@ This changelog is intended to list all updates to the [public API methods](https
 
 For info about how [API versioning](https://xrpl.org/request-formatting.html#api-versioning) works, including examples, please view the [XLS-22d spec](https://github.com/XRPLF/XRPL-Standards/discussions/54). For details about the implementation of API versioning, view the [implementation PR](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/3155). API versioning ensures existing integrations and users continue to receive existing behavior, while those that request a higher API version will experience new behavior.
 
-The API version controls the API behavior you see. This includes what properties you see in responses, what parameters you're permitted to send in requests, and so on. You specify the API version in each of your requests. When a breaking change is introduced to the `rippled` API, a new version is released. To avoid breaking your code, you should set (or increase) your version when you're ready to upgrade.
-
-For a log of breaking changes, see the **API Version [number]** headings. In general, breaking changes are associated with a particular API Version number. For non-breaking changes, scroll to the **XRP Ledger version [x.y.z]** headings. Non-breaking changes are associated with a particular XRP Ledger (`rippled`) release.
-
-## API Version 2
-
-API version 2 is available in `rippled` version 2.0.0 and later. To use this API, clients specify `"api_version" : 2` in each request.
-
-#### Removed methods
-
-In API version 2, the following deprecated methods are no longer available: (https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4759)
-
-- `tx_history` - Instead, use other methods such as `account_tx` or `ledger` with the `transactions` field set to `true`.
-- `ledger_header` - Instead, use the `ledger` method.
-
-#### Modifications to JSON transaction element in V2
-
-In API version 2, JSON elements for transaction output have been changed and made consistent for all methods which output transactions. (https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4775)
-This helps to unify the JSON serialization format of transactions. (https://github.com/XRPLF/clio/issues/722, https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/issues/4727)
-
-- JSON transaction element is named `tx_json`
-- Binary transaction element is named `tx_blob`
-- JSON transaction metadata element is named `meta`
-- Binary transaction metadata element is named `meta_blob`
-
-Additionally, these elements are now consistently available next to `tx_json` (i.e. sibling elements), where possible:
-
-- `hash` - Transaction ID. This data was stored inside transaction output in API version 1, but in API version 2 is a sibling element.
-- `ledger_index` - Ledger index (only set on validated ledgers)
-- `ledger_hash` - Ledger hash (only set on closed or validated ledgers)
-- `close_time_iso` - Ledger close time expressed in ISO 8601 time format (only set on validated ledgers)
-- `validated` - Bool element set to `true` if the transaction is in a validated ledger, otherwise `false`
-
-This change affects the following methods:
-
-- `tx` - Transaction data moved into element `tx_json` (was inline inside `result`) or, if binary output was requested, moved from `tx` to `tx_blob`. Renamed binary transaction metadata element (if it was requested) from `meta` to `meta_blob`. Changed location of `hash` and added new elements
-- `account_tx` - Renamed transaction element from `tx` to `tx_json`. Renamed binary transaction metadata element (if it was requested) from `meta` to `meta_blob`. Changed location of `hash` and added new elements
-- `transaction_entry` - Renamed transaction metadata element from `metadata` to `meta`. Changed location of `hash` and added new elements
-- `subscribe` - Renamed transaction element from `transaction` to `tx_json`. Changed location of `hash` and added new elements
-- `sign`, `sign_for`, `submit` and `submit_multisigned` - Changed location of `hash` element.
-
-#### Modification to `Payment` transaction JSON schema
-
-When reading Payments, the `Amount` field should generally **not** be used. Instead, use [delivered_amount](https://xrpl.org/partial-payments.html#the-delivered_amount-field) to see the amount that the Payment delivered. To clarify its meaning, the `Amount` field is being renamed to `DeliverMax`. (https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4733)
-
-- In `Payment` transaction type, JSON RPC field `Amount` is renamed to `DeliverMax`. To enable smooth client transition, `Amount` is still handled, as described below: (https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4733)
-  - On JSON RPC input (e.g. `submit_multisigned` etc. methods), `Amount` is recognized as an alias to `DeliverMax` for both API version 1 and version 2 clients.
-  - On JSON RPC input, submitting both `Amount` and `DeliverMax` fields is allowed _only_ if they are identical; otherwise such input is rejected with `rpcINVALID_PARAMS` error.
-  - On JSON RPC output (e.g. `subscribe`, `account_tx` etc. methods), `DeliverMax` is present in both API version 1 and version 2.
-  - On JSON RPC output, `Amount` is only present in API version 1 and _not_ in version 2.
-
-#### Modifications to account_info response
-
-- `signer_lists` is returned in the root of the response. (In API version 1, it was nested under `account_data`.) (https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/3770)
-- When using an invalid `signer_lists` value, the API now returns an "invalidParams" error. (https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4585)
-  - (`signer_lists` must be a boolean. In API version 1, strings were accepted and may return a normal response - i.e. as if `signer_lists` were `true`.)
-
-#### Modifications to [account_tx](https://xrpl.org/account_tx.html#account_tx) response
-
-- Using `ledger_index_min`, `ledger_index_max`, and `ledger_index` returns `invalidParams` because if you use `ledger_index_min` or `ledger_index_max`, then it does not make sense to also specify `ledger_index`. In API version 1, no error was returned. (https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4571)
-  - The same applies for `ledger_index_min`, `ledger_index_max`, and `ledger_hash`. (https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/issues/4545#issuecomment-1565065579)
-- Using a `ledger_index_min` or `ledger_index_max` beyond the range of ledgers that the server has:
-  - returns `lgrIdxMalformed` in API version 2. Previously, in API version 1, no error was returned. (https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/issues/4288)
-- Attempting to use a non-boolean value (such as a string) for the `binary` or `forward` parameters returns `invalidParams` (`rpcINVALID_PARAMS`). Previously, in API version 1, no error was returned. (https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4620)
-
-#### Modifications to [noripple_check](https://xrpl.org/noripple_check.html#noripple_check) response
-
-- Attempting to use a non-boolean value (such as a string) for the `transactions` parameter returns `invalidParams` (`rpcINVALID_PARAMS`). Previously, in API version 1, no error was returned. (https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4620)
-
-## API Version 1
-
-This version is supported by all `rippled` versions. For WebSocket and HTTP JSON-RPC requests, it is currently the default API version used when no `api_version` is specified.
+The API version controls the API behavior you see. This includes what properties you see in responses, what parameters you're permitted to send in requests, and so on. You specify the API version in each of your requests. When a breaking change is introduced to the `xrpld` API, a new version is released. To avoid breaking your code, you should set (or increase) your version when you're ready to upgrade.
 
 The [commandline](https://xrpl.org/docs/references/http-websocket-apis/api-conventions/request-formatting/#commandline-format) always uses the latest API version. The command line is intended for ad-hoc usage by humans, not programs or automated scripts. The command line is not meant for use in production code.
 
-### Inconsistency: server_info - network_id
+For a log of breaking changes, see the **API Version [number]** headings. In general, breaking changes are associated with a particular API Version number. For non-breaking changes, scroll to the **XRP Ledger version [x.y.z]** headings. Non-breaking changes are associated with a particular XRP Ledger (`xrpld`) release.
 
-The `network_id` field was added in the `server_info` response in version 1.5.0 (2019), but it is not returned in [reporting mode](https://xrpl.org/rippled-server-modes.html#reporting-mode). However, use of reporting mode is now discouraged, in favor of using [Clio](https://github.com/XRPLF/clio) instead.
+## API Version 3 (Beta)
+
+API version 3 is currently a beta API. It requires enabling `[beta_rpc_api]` in the xrpld configuration to use. See [API-VERSION-3.md](API-VERSION-3.md) for the full list of changes in API version 3.
+
+## API Version 2
+
+API version 2 is available in `xrpld` version 2.0.0 and later. See [API-VERSION-2.md](API-VERSION-2.md) for the full list of changes in API version 2.
+
+## API Version 1
+
+This version is supported by all `xrpld` versions. For WebSocket and HTTP JSON-RPC requests, it is currently the default API version used when no `api_version` is specified.
+
+## Unreleased
+
+This section contains changes targeting a future version.
+
+### Additions
+
+- `server_definitions`: Added the following new sections to the response ([#6321](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/6321)):
+  - `TRANSACTION_FORMATS`: Describes the fields and their optionality for each transaction type, including common fields shared across all transactions.
+  - `LEDGER_ENTRY_FORMATS`: Describes the fields and their optionality for each ledger entry type, including common fields shared across all ledger entries.
+  - `TRANSACTION_FLAGS`: Maps transaction type names to their supported flags and flag values.
+  - `LEDGER_ENTRY_FLAGS`: Maps ledger entry type names to their flags and flag values.
+  - `ACCOUNT_SET_FLAGS`: Maps AccountSet flag names (asf flags) to their numeric values.
+
+### Bugfixes
+
+- Peer Crawler: The `port` field in `overlay.active[]` now consistently returns an integer instead of a string for outbound peers. [#6318](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/6318)
+- `ping`: The `ip` field is no longer returned as an empty string for proxied connections without a forwarded-for header. It is now omitted, consistent with the behavior for identified connections. [#6730](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/6730)
+- gRPC `GetLedgerDiff`: Fixed error message that incorrectly said "base ledger not validated" when the desired ledger was not validated. [#6730](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/6730)
+
+## XRP Ledger server version 3.1.0
+
+[Version 3.1.0](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/releases/tag/3.1.0) was released on Jan 27, 2026.
+
+### Additions in 3.1.0
+
+- `vault_info`: New RPC method to retrieve information about a specific vault (part of XLS-66 Lending Protocol). ([#6156](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/6156))
+
+## XRP Ledger server version 3.0.0
+
+[Version 3.0.0](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/releases/tag/3.0.0) was released on Dec 9, 2025.
+
+### Additions in 3.0.0
+
+- `ledger_entry`: Supports all ledger entry types with dedicated parsers. ([#5237](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/5237))
+- `ledger_entry`: New error codes `entryNotFound` and `unexpectedLedgerType` for more specific error handling. ([#5237](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/5237))
+- `ledger_entry`: Improved error messages with more context (e.g., specifying which field is invalid or missing). ([#5237](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/5237))
+- `ledger_entry`: Assorted bug fixes in RPC processing. ([#5237](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/5237))
+- `simulate`: Supports additional metadata in the response. ([#5754](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/5754))
+
+## XRP Ledger server version 2.6.2
+
+[Version 2.6.2](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/releases/tag/2.6.2) was released on Nov 19, 2025.
+
+This release contains bug fixes only and no API changes.
+
+## XRP Ledger server version 2.6.1
+
+[Version 2.6.1](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/releases/tag/2.6.1) was released on Sep 30, 2025.
+
+This release contains bug fixes only and no API changes.
+
+## XRP Ledger server version 2.6.0
+
+[Version 2.6.0](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/releases/tag/2.6.0) was released on Aug 27, 2025.
+
+### Additions in 2.6.0
+
+- `account_info`: Added `allowTrustLineLocking` flag in response. ([#5525](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/5525))
+- `ledger`: Removed the type filter from the RPC command. ([#4934](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4934))
+- `subscribe` (`validations` stream): `network_id` is now included. ([#5579](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/5579))
+- `subscribe` (`transactions` stream): `nftoken_id`, `nftoken_ids`, and `offer_id` are now included in transaction metadata. ([#5230](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/5230))
+
+## XRP Ledger server version 2.5.1
+
+[Version 2.5.1](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/releases/tag/2.5.1) was released on Sep 17, 2025.
+
+This release contains bug fixes only and no API changes.
 
 ## XRP Ledger server version 2.5.0
 
-As of 2025-04-04, version 2.5.0 is in development. You can use a pre-release version by building from source or [using the `nightly` package](https://xrpl.org/docs/infrastructure/installation/install-rippled-on-ubuntu).
+[Version 2.5.0](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/releases/tag/2.5.0) was released on Jun 24, 2025.
 
 ### Additions and bugfixes in 2.5.0
 
-- `channel_authorize`: If `signing_support` is not enabled in the config, the RPC is disabled.
+- `tx`: Added `ctid` field to the response and improved error handling. ([#4738](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4738))
+- `ledger_entry`: Improved error messages in `permissioned_domain`. ([#5344](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/5344))
+- `simulate`: Improved multi-sign usage. ([#5479](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/5479))
+- `channel_authorize`: If `signing_support` is not enabled in the config, the RPC is disabled. ([#5385](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/5385))
+- `subscribe` (admin): Removed webhook queue limit to prevent dropping notifications; reduced HTTP timeout from 10 minutes to 30 seconds. ([#5163](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/5163))
+- `ledger_data` (gRPC): Fixed crashing issue with some invalid markers. ([#5137](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/5137))
+- `account_lines`: Fixed error with `no_ripple` and `no_ripple_peer` sometimes showing up incorrectly. ([#5345](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/5345))
+- `account_tx`: Fixed issue with incorrect CTIDs. ([#5408](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/5408))
 
 ## XRP Ledger server version 2.4.0
 
@@ -97,11 +111,19 @@ As of 2025-04-04, version 2.5.0 is in development. You can use a pre-release ver
 
 ### Additions and bugfixes in 2.4.0
 
-- `ledger_entry`: `state` is added an alias for `ripple_state`.
-- `ledger_entry`: Enables case-insensitive filtering by canonical name in addition to case-sensitive filtering by RPC name.
-- `validators`: Added new field `validator_list_threshold` in response.
-- `simulate`: A new RPC that executes a [dry run of a transaction submission](https://github.com/XRPLF/XRPL-Standards/tree/master/XLS-0069d-simulate#2-rpc-simulate)
-- Signing methods autofill fees better and properly handle transactions that don't have a base fee, and will also autofill the `NetworkID` field.
+- `simulate`: A new RPC that executes a [dry run of a transaction submission](https://github.com/XRPLF/XRPL-Standards/tree/master/XLS-0069d-simulate#2-rpc-simulate). ([#5069](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/5069))
+- Signing methods (`sign`, `sign_for`, `submit`): Autofill fees better, properly handle transactions without a base fee, and autofill the `NetworkID` field. ([#5069](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/5069))
+- `ledger_entry`: `state` is added as an alias for `ripple_state`. ([#5199](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/5199))
+- `ledger`, `ledger_data`, `account_objects`: Support filtering ledger entry types by their canonical names (case-insensitive). ([#5271](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/5271))
+- `validators`: Added new field `validator_list_threshold` in response. ([#5112](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/5112))
+- `server_info`: Added git commit hash info on admin connection. ([#5225](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/5225))
+- `server_definitions`: Changed larger `UInt` serialized types to `Hash`. ([#5231](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/5231))
+
+## XRP Ledger server version 2.3.1
+
+[Version 2.3.1](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/releases/tag/2.3.1) was released on Jan 29, 2025.
+
+This release contains bug fixes only and no API changes.
 
 ## XRP Ledger server version 2.3.0
 
@@ -109,19 +131,30 @@ As of 2025-04-04, version 2.5.0 is in development. You can use a pre-release ver
 
 ### Breaking changes in 2.3.0
 
-- `book_changes`: If the requested ledger version is not available on this node, a `ledgerNotFound` error is returned and the node does not attempt to acquire the ledger from the p2p network (as with other non-admin RPCs).
-
-Admins can still attempt to retrieve old ledgers with the `ledger_request` RPC.
+- `book_changes`: If the requested ledger version is not available on this node, a `ledgerNotFound` error is returned and the node does not attempt to acquire the ledger from the p2p network (as with other non-admin RPCs). Admins can still attempt to retrieve old ledgers with the `ledger_request` RPC.
 
 ### Additions and bugfixes in 2.3.0
 
-- `book_changes`: Returns a `validated` field in its response, which was missing in prior versions.
+- `book_changes`: Returns a `validated` field in its response. ([#5096](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/5096))
+- `book_changes`: Accepts shortcut strings (`current`, `closed`, `validated`) for the `ledger_index` parameter. ([#5096](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/5096))
+- `server_definitions`: Include `index` in response. ([#5190](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/5190))
+- `account_nfts`: Fix issue where unassociated marker would return incorrect results. ([#5045](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/5045))
+- `account_objects`: Fix issue where invalid marker would not return an error. ([#5046](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/5046))
+- `account_objects`: Disallow filtering by ledger entry types that an account cannot hold. ([#5056](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/5056))
+- `tx`: Allow lowercase CTID. ([#5049](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/5049))
+- `feature`: Better error handling for invalid values of `feature`. ([#5063](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/5063))
 
 ## XRP Ledger server version 2.2.0
 
 [Version 2.2.0](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/releases/tag/2.2.0) was released on Jun 5, 2024. The following additions are non-breaking (because they are purely additive):
 
-- The `feature` method now has a non-admin mode for users. (It was previously only available to admin connections.) The method returns an updated list of amendments, including their names and other information. ([#4781](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4781))
+- `feature`: Add a non-admin mode for users. (It was previously only available to admin connections.) The method returns an updated list of amendments, including their names and other information. ([#4781](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4781))
+
+## XRP Ledger server version 2.0.1
+
+[Version 2.0.1](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/releases/tag/2.0.1) was released on Jan 29, 2024. The following additions are non-breaking:
+
+- `path_find`: Fixes unbounded memory growth. ([#4822](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4822))
 
 ## XRP Ledger server version 2.0.0
 
@@ -129,24 +162,18 @@ Admins can still attempt to retrieve old ledgers with the `ledger_request` RPC.
 
 - `server_definitions`: A new RPC that generates a `definitions.json`-like output that can be used in XRPL libraries.
 - In `Payment` transactions, `DeliverMax` has been added. This is a replacement for the `Amount` field, which should not be used. Typically, the `delivered_amount` (in transaction metadata) should be used. To ease the transition, `DeliverMax` is present regardless of API version, since adding a field is non-breaking.
-- API version 2 has been moved from beta to supported, meaning that it is generally available (regardless of the `beta_rpc_api` setting).
-
-## XRP Ledger server version 2.2.0
-
-The following is a non-breaking addition to the API.
-
-- The `feature` method now has a non-admin mode for users. (It was previously only available to admin connections.) The method returns an updated list of amendments, including their names and other information. ([#4781](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4781))
+- API version 2 has been moved from beta to supported, meaning that it is generally available (regardless of the `beta_rpc_api` setting). The full list of changes is in [API-VERSION-2.md](API-VERSION-2.md).
 
 ## XRP Ledger server version 1.12.0
 
-[Version 1.12.0](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/releases/tag/1.12.0) was released on Sep 6, 2023. The following additions are non-breaking (because they are purely additive).
+[Version 1.12.0](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/releases/tag/1.12.0) was released on Sep 6, 2023. The following additions are non-breaking (because they are purely additive):
 
-- `server_info`: Added `ports`, an array which advertises the RPC and WebSocket ports. This information is also included in the `/crawl` endpoint (which calls `server_info` internally). `grpc` and `peer` ports are also included. (https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4427)
+- `server_info`: Added `ports`, an array which advertises the RPC and WebSocket ports. This information is also included in the `/crawl` endpoint (which calls `server_info` internally). `grpc` and `peer` ports are also included. ([#4427](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4427))
   - `ports` contains objects, each containing a `port` for the listening port (a number string), and a `protocol` array listing the supported protocols on that port.
   - This allows crawlers to build a more detailed topology without needing to port-scan nodes.
   - (For peers and other non-admin clients, the info about admin ports is excluded.)
-- Clawback: The following additions are gated by the Clawback amendment (`featureClawback`). (https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4553)
-  - Adds an [AccountRoot flag](https://xrpl.org/accountroot.html#accountroot-flags) called `lsfAllowTrustLineClawback` (https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4617)
+- Clawback: The following additions are gated by the Clawback amendment (`featureClawback`). ([#4553](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4553))
+  - Adds an [AccountRoot flag](https://xrpl.org/accountroot.html#accountroot-flags) called `lsfAllowTrustLineClawback`. ([#4617](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4617))
     - Adds the corresponding `asfAllowTrustLineClawback` [AccountSet Flag](https://xrpl.org/accountset.html#accountset-flags) as well.
     - Clawback is disabled by default, so if an issuer desires the ability to claw back funds, they must use an `AccountSet` transaction to set the AllowTrustLineClawback flag. They must do this before creating any trust lines, offers, escrows, payment channels, or checks.
   - Adds the [Clawback transaction type](https://github.com/XRPLF/XRPL-Standards/blob/master/XLS-39d-clawback/README.md#331-clawback-transaction), containing these fields:
@@ -181,16 +208,16 @@ The following is a non-breaking addition to the API.
 
 ### Breaking changes in 1.11
 
-- Added the ability to mark amendments as obsolete. For the `feature` admin API, there is a new possible value for the `vetoed` field. (https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4291)
+- Added the ability to mark amendments as obsolete. For the `feature` admin API, there is a new possible value for the `vetoed` field. ([#4291](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4291))
   - The value of `vetoed` can now be `true`, `false`, or `"Obsolete"`.
-- Removed the acceptance of seeds or public keys in place of account addresses. (https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4404)
+- Removed the acceptance of seeds or public keys in place of account addresses. ([#4404](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4404))
   - This simplifies the API and encourages better security practices (i.e. seeds should never be sent over the network).
-- For the `ledger_data` method, when all entries are filtered out, the `state` field of the response is now an empty list (in other words, an empty array, `[]`). (Previously, it would return `null`.) While this is technically a breaking change, the new behavior is consistent with the documentation, so this is considered only a bug fix. (https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4398)
+- For the `ledger_data` method, when all entries are filtered out, the `state` field of the response is now an empty list (in other words, an empty array, `[]`). (Previously, it would return `null`.) While this is technically a breaking change, the new behavior is consistent with the documentation, so this is considered only a bug fix. ([#4398](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4398))
 - If and when the `fixNFTokenRemint` amendment activates, there will be a new AccountRoot field, `FirstNFTSequence`. This field is set to the current account sequence when the account issues their first NFT. If an account has not issued any NFTs, then the field is not set. ([#4406](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4406))
   - There is a new account deletion restriction: an account can only be deleted if `FirstNFTSequence` + `MintedNFTokens` + `256` is less than the current ledger sequence.
   - This is potentially a breaking change if clients have logic for determining whether an account can be deleted.
 - NetworkID
-  - For sidechains and networks with a network ID greater than 1024, there is a new [transaction common field](https://xrpl.org/transaction-common-fields.html), `NetworkID`. (https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4370)
+  - For sidechains and networks with a network ID greater than 1024, there is a new [transaction common field](https://xrpl.org/transaction-common-fields.html), `NetworkID`. ([#4370](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4370))
     - This field helps to prevent replay attacks and is now required for chains whose network ID is 1025 or higher.
     - The field must be omitted for Mainnet, so there is no change for Mainnet users.
   - There are three new local error codes:
@@ -200,10 +227,10 @@ The following is a non-breaking addition to the API.
 
 ### Additions and bug fixes in 1.11
 
-- Added `nftoken_id`, `nftoken_ids` and `offer_id` meta fields into NFT `tx` and `account_tx` responses. (https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4447)
-- Added an `account_flags` object to the `account_info` method response. (https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4459)
-- Added `NFTokenPages` to the `account_objects` RPC. (https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4352)
-- Fixed: `marker` returned from the `account_lines` command would not work on subsequent commands. (https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4361)
+- Added `nftoken_id`, `nftoken_ids` and `offer_id` meta fields into NFT `tx` and `account_tx` responses. ([#4447](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4447))
+- Added an `account_flags` object to the `account_info` method response. ([#4459](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4459))
+- Added `NFTokenPages` to the `account_objects` RPC. ([#4352](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4352))
+- Fixed: `marker` returned from the `account_lines` command would not work on subsequent commands. ([#4361](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4361))
 
 ## XRP Ledger server version 1.10.0
 

API-VERSION-2.md

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+# API Version 2
+
+API version 2 is available in `xrpld` version 2.0.0 and later. To use this API, clients specify `"api_version" : 2` in each request.
+
+For info about how [API versioning](https://xrpl.org/request-formatting.html#api-versioning) works, including examples, please view the [XLS-22d spec](https://github.com/XRPLF/XRPL-Standards/discussions/54). For details about the implementation of API versioning, view the [implementation PR](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/3155). API versioning ensures existing integrations and users continue to receive existing behavior, while those that request a higher API version will experience new behavior.
+
+## Removed methods
+
+In API version 2, the following deprecated methods are no longer available: ([#4759](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4759))
+
+- `tx_history` - Instead, use other methods such as `account_tx` or `ledger` with the `transactions` field set to `true`.
+- `ledger_header` - Instead, use the `ledger` method.
+
+## Modifications to JSON transaction element in API version 2
+
+In API version 2, JSON elements for transaction output have been changed and made consistent for all methods which output transactions. ([#4775](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4775))
+This helps to unify the JSON serialization format of transactions. ([clio#722](https://github.com/XRPLF/clio/issues/722), [#4727](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/issues/4727))
+
+- JSON transaction element is named `tx_json`
+- Binary transaction element is named `tx_blob`
+- JSON transaction metadata element is named `meta`
+- Binary transaction metadata element is named `meta_blob`
+
+Additionally, these elements are now consistently available next to `tx_json` (i.e. sibling elements), where possible:
+
+- `hash` - Transaction ID. This data was stored inside transaction output in API version 1, but in API version 2 is a sibling element.
+- `ledger_index` - Ledger index (only set on validated ledgers)
+- `ledger_hash` - Ledger hash (only set on closed or validated ledgers)
+- `close_time_iso` - Ledger close time expressed in ISO 8601 time format (only set on validated ledgers)
+- `validated` - Bool element set to `true` if the transaction is in a validated ledger, otherwise `false`
+
+This change affects the following methods:
+
+- `tx` - Transaction data moved into element `tx_json` (was inline inside `result`) or, if binary output was requested, moved from `tx` to `tx_blob`. Renamed binary transaction metadata element (if it was requested) from `meta` to `meta_blob`. Changed location of `hash` and added new elements
+- `account_tx` - Renamed transaction element from `tx` to `tx_json`. Renamed binary transaction metadata element (if it was requested) from `meta` to `meta_blob`. Changed location of `hash` and added new elements
+- `transaction_entry` - Renamed transaction metadata element from `metadata` to `meta`. Changed location of `hash` and added new elements
+- `subscribe` - Renamed transaction element from `transaction` to `tx_json`. Changed location of `hash` and added new elements
+- `sign`, `sign_for`, `submit` and `submit_multisigned` - Changed location of `hash` element.
+
+## Modifications to `Payment` transaction JSON schema
+
+When reading Payments, the `Amount` field should generally **not** be used. Instead, use [delivered_amount](https://xrpl.org/partial-payments.html#the-delivered_amount-field) to see the amount that the Payment delivered. To clarify its meaning, the `Amount` field is being renamed to `DeliverMax`. ([#4733](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4733))
+
+- In `Payment` transaction type, JSON RPC field `Amount` is renamed to `DeliverMax`. To enable smooth client transition, `Amount` is still handled, as described below: ([#4733](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4733))
+  - On JSON RPC input (e.g. `submit_multisigned` etc. methods), `Amount` is recognized as an alias to `DeliverMax` for both API version 1 and version 2 clients.
+  - On JSON RPC input, submitting both `Amount` and `DeliverMax` fields is allowed _only_ if they are identical; otherwise such input is rejected with `rpcINVALID_PARAMS` error.
+  - On JSON RPC output (e.g. `subscribe`, `account_tx` etc. methods), `DeliverMax` is present in both API version 1 and version 2.
+  - On JSON RPC output, `Amount` is only present in API version 1 and _not_ in version 2.
+
+## Modifications to account_info response
+
+- `signer_lists` is returned in the root of the response. (In API version 1, it was nested under `account_data`.) ([#3770](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/3770))
+- When using an invalid `signer_lists` value, the API now returns an "invalidParams" error. ([#4585](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4585))
+  - (`signer_lists` must be a boolean. In API version 1, strings were accepted and may return a normal response - i.e. as if `signer_lists` were `true`.)
+
+## Modifications to [account_tx](https://xrpl.org/account_tx.html#account_tx) response
+
+- Using `ledger_index_min`, `ledger_index_max`, and `ledger_index` returns `invalidParams` because if you use `ledger_index_min` or `ledger_index_max`, then it does not make sense to also specify `ledger_index`. In API version 1, no error was returned. ([#4571](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4571))
+  - The same applies for `ledger_index_min`, `ledger_index_max`, and `ledger_hash`. ([#4545](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/issues/4545#issuecomment-1565065579))
+- Using a `ledger_index_min` or `ledger_index_max` beyond the range of ledgers that the server has:
+  - returns `lgrIdxMalformed` in API version 2. Previously, in API version 1, no error was returned. ([#4288](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/issues/4288))
+- Attempting to use a non-boolean value (such as a string) for the `binary` or `forward` parameters returns `invalidParams` (`rpcINVALID_PARAMS`). Previously, in API version 1, no error was returned. ([#4620](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4620))
+
+## Modifications to [noripple_check](https://xrpl.org/noripple_check.html#noripple_check) response
+
+- Attempting to use a non-boolean value (such as a string) for the `transactions` parameter returns `invalidParams` (`rpcINVALID_PARAMS`). Previously, in API version 1, no error was returned. ([#4620](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4620))

API-VERSION-3.md

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# API Version 3
+
+API version 3 is currently a **beta API**. It requires enabling `[beta_rpc_api]` in the xrpld configuration to use. To use this API, clients specify `"api_version" : 3` in each request.
+
+For info about how [API versioning](https://xrpl.org/request-formatting.html#api-versioning) works, including examples, please view the [XLS-22d spec](https://github.com/XRPLF/XRPL-Standards/discussions/54). For details about the implementation of API versioning, view the [implementation PR](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/3155). API versioning ensures existing integrations and users continue to receive existing behavior, while those that request a higher API version will experience new behavior.
+
+## Breaking Changes
+
+### Modifications to `amm_info`
+
+The order of error checks has been changed to provide more specific error messages. ([#4924](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/4924))
+
+- **Before (API v2)**: When sending an invalid account or asset to `amm_info` while other parameters are not set as expected, the method returns a generic `rpcINVALID_PARAMS` error.
+- **After (API v3)**: The same scenario returns a more specific error: `rpcISSUE_MALFORMED` for malformed assets or `rpcACT_MALFORMED` for malformed accounts.
+
+### Modifications to `ledger_entry`
+
+Added support for string shortcuts to look up fixed-location ledger entries using the `"index"` parameter. ([#5644](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/5644))
+
+In API version 3, the following string values can be used with the `"index"` parameter:
+
+- `"index": "amendments"` - Returns the `Amendments` ledger entry
+- `"index": "fee"` - Returns the `FeeSettings` ledger entry
+- `"index": "nunl"` - Returns the `NegativeUNL` ledger entry
+- `"index": "hashes"` - Returns the "short" `LedgerHashes` ledger entry (recent ledger hashes)
+
+These shortcuts are only available in API version 3 and later. In API versions 1 and 2, these string values would result in an error.

BUILD.md

@@ -125,9 +125,9 @@ default profile.
 
 ### Patched recipes
 
-The recipes in Conan Center occasionally need to be patched for compatibility
-with the latest version of `xrpld`. We maintain a fork of the Conan Center
-[here](https://github.com/XRPLF/conan-center-index/) containing the patches.
+Occasionally, we need patched recipes or recipes not present in Conan Center.
+We maintain a fork of the Conan Center Index
+[here](https://github.com/XRPLF/conan-center-index/) containing the modified and newly added recipes.
 
 To ensure our patched recipes are used, you must add our Conan remote at a
 higher index than the default Conan Center remote, so it is consulted first. You
@@ -137,19 +137,11 @@ can do this by running:
 conan remote add --index 0 xrplf https://conan.ripplex.io
 ```
 
-Alternatively, you can pull the patched recipes into the repository and use them
-locally:
+Alternatively, you can pull our recipes from the repository and export them locally:
 
 ```bash
-# Extract the version number from the lockfile.
-function extract_version {
-  version=$(cat conan.lock | sed -nE "s@.+${1}/(.+)#.+@\1@p" | head -n1)
-  echo ${version}
-}
-
 # Define which recipes to export.
-recipes=('ed25519' 'grpc' 'openssl' 'secp256k1' 'snappy' 'soci')
-folders=('all'     'all'  '3.x.x'   'all'       'all'    'all')
+recipes=('abseil' 'ed25519' 'grpc' 'm4' 'mpt-crypto' 'openssl' 'secp256k1' 'snappy' 'soci' 'wasm-xrplf' 'wasmi')
 
 # Selectively check out the recipes from our CCI fork.
 cd external
@@ -158,29 +150,19 @@ cd conan-center-index
 git init
 git remote add origin git@github.com:XRPLF/conan-center-index.git
 git sparse-checkout init
-for ((index = 1; index <= ${#recipes[@]}; index++)); do
-  recipe=${recipes[index]}
-  folder=${folders[index]}
-  echo "Checking out recipe '${recipe}' from folder '${folder}'..."
-  git sparse-checkout add recipes/${recipe}/${folder}
+for recipe in "${recipes[@]}"; do
+  echo "Checking out recipe '${recipe}'..."
+  git sparse-checkout add recipes/${recipe}
 done
 git fetch origin master
 git checkout master
-cd ../..
 
-# Export the recipes into the local cache.
-for ((index = 1; index <= ${#recipes[@]}; index++)); do
-  recipe=${recipes[index]}
-  folder=${folders[index]}
-  version=$(extract_version ${recipe})
-  echo "Exporting '${recipe}/${version}' from '${recipe}/${folder}'..."
-  conan export --version $(extract_version ${recipe}) \
-    external/conan-center-index/recipes/${recipe}/${folder}
-done
+./export_all.sh
+cd ../../
 ```
 
 In the case we switch to a newer version of a dependency that still requires a
-patch, it will be necessary for you to pull in the changes and re-export the
+patch or add a new dependency, it will be necessary for you to pull in the changes and re-export the
 updated dependencies with the newer version. However, if we switch to a newer
 version that no longer requires a patch, no action is required on your part, as
 the new recipe will be automatically pulled from the official Conan Center.
@@ -189,6 +171,8 @@ the new recipe will be automatically pulled from the official Conan Center.
 > You might need to add `--lockfile=""` to your `conan install` command
 > to avoid automatic use of the existing `conan.lock` file when you run
 > `conan export` manually on your machine
+>
+> This is not recommended though, as you might end up using different revisions of recipes.
 
 ### Conan profile tweaks
 
@@ -204,39 +188,14 @@ Possible values are ['5.0', '5.1', '6.0', '6.1', '7.0', '7.3', '8.0', '8.1',
 Read "http://docs.conan.io/2/knowledge/faq.html#error-invalid-setting"
 ```
 
-you need to amend the list of compiler versions in
-`$(conan config home)/settings.yml`, by appending the required version number(s)
+you need to add your compiler to the list of compiler versions in
+`$(conan config home)/settings_user.yml`, by adding the required version number(s)
 to the `version` array specific for your compiler. For example:
 
 ```yaml
-apple-clang:
-  version:
-    [
-      "5.0",
-      "5.1",
-      "6.0",
-      "6.1",
-      "7.0",
-      "7.3",
-      "8.0",
-      "8.1",
-      "9.0",
-      "9.1",
-      "10.0",
-      "11.0",
-      "12.0",
-      "13",
-      "13.0",
-      "13.1",
-      "14",
-      "14.0",
-      "15",
-      "15.0",
-      "16",
-      "16.0",
-      "17",
-      "17.0",
-    ]
+compiler:
+  apple-clang:
+    version: ["17.0"]
 ```
 
 #### Multiple compilers
@@ -368,6 +327,36 @@ The workaround for this error is to add two lines to your profile:
 tools.build:cxxflags=['-DBOOST_ASIO_DISABLE_CONCEPTS']
 ```
 
+### Set Up Ccache
+
+To speed up repeated compilations, we recommend that you install
+[ccache](https://ccache.dev), a tool that wraps your compiler so that it can
+cache build objects locally.
+
+#### Linux
+
+You can install it using the package manager, e.g. `sudo apt install ccache`
+(Ubuntu) or `sudo dnf install ccache` (RHEL).
+
+#### macOS
+
+You can install it using Homebrew, i.e. `brew install ccache`.
+
+#### Windows
+
+You can install it using Chocolatey, i.e. `choco install ccache`. If you already
+have Ccache installed, then `choco upgrade ccache` will update it to the latest
+version. However, if you see an error such as:
+
+```
+terminate called after throwing an instance of 'std::bad_alloc'
+      what():  std::bad_alloc
+C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Community\MSBuild\Microsoft\VC\v170\Microsoft.CppCommon.targets(617,5): error MSB6006: "cl.exe" exited with code 3.
+```
+
+then please install a specific version of Ccache that we know works, via: `choco
+install ccache --version 4.11.3 --allow-downgrade`.
+
 ### Build and Test
 
 1. Create a build directory and move into it.
@@ -470,6 +459,21 @@ tools.build:cxxflags=['-DBOOST_ASIO_DISABLE_CONCEPTS']
    The location of `xrpld` binary in your build directory depends on your
    CMake generator. Pass `--help` to see the rest of the command line options.
 
+## Code generation
+
+The protocol wrapper classes in `include/xrpl/protocol_autogen/` are generated
+from macro definition files in `include/xrpl/protocol/detail/`. If you modify
+the macro files (e.g. `transactions.macro`, `ledger_entries.macro`) or the
+generation scripts/templates in `cmake/scripts/codegen/`, you need to regenerate the
+files:
+
+```
+cmake --build . --target setup_code_gen  # create venv and install dependencies (once)
+cmake --build . --target code_gen        # regenerate code
+```
+
+The regenerated files should be committed alongside your changes.
+
 ## Coverage report
 
 The coverage report is intended for developers using compilers GCC
@@ -550,10 +554,10 @@ See [Sanitizers docs](./docs/build/sanitizers.md) for more details.
 | `werr`     | OFF           | Treat compilation warnings as errors                           |
 | `wextra`   | OFF           | Enable additional compilation warnings                         |
 
-[Unity builds][5] may be faster for the first build
-(at the cost of much more memory) since they concatenate sources into fewer
-translation units. Non-unity builds may be faster for incremental builds,
-and can be helpful for detecting `#include` omissions.
+[Unity builds][5] may be faster for the first build (at the cost of much more
+memory) since they concatenate sources into fewer translation units. Non-unity
+builds may be faster for incremental builds, and can be helpful for detecting
+`#include` omissions.
 
 ## Troubleshooting
 
@@ -614,8 +618,8 @@ If you want to experiment with a new package, follow these steps:
      `default_options` property (with syntax `'$package:$option': $value`).
 3. Modify [`CMakeLists.txt`](./CMakeLists.txt):
    - Add a call to `find_package($package REQUIRED)`.
-   - Link a library from the package to the target `ripple_libs`
-     (search for the existing call to `target_link_libraries(ripple_libs INTERFACE ...)`).
+   - Link a library from the package to the target `xrpl_libs`
+     (search for the existing call to `target_link_libraries(xrpl_libs INTERFACE ...)`).
 4. Start coding! Don't forget to include whatever headers you need from the package.
 
 [1]: https://github.com/conan-io/conan-center-index/issues/13168

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,20 +1,23 @@
 cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.16)
 
 if(POLICY CMP0074)
-  cmake_policy(SET CMP0074 NEW)
+    cmake_policy(SET CMP0074 NEW)
 endif()
 if(POLICY CMP0077)
-  cmake_policy(SET CMP0077 NEW)
+    cmake_policy(SET CMP0077 NEW)
 endif()
 
 # Fix "unrecognized escape" issues when passing CMAKE_MODULE_PATH on Windows.
-file(TO_CMAKE_PATH "${CMAKE_MODULE_PATH}" CMAKE_MODULE_PATH)
+if(DEFINED CMAKE_MODULE_PATH)
+    file(TO_CMAKE_PATH "${CMAKE_MODULE_PATH}" CMAKE_MODULE_PATH)
+endif()
 list(APPEND CMAKE_MODULE_PATH "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/cmake")
 
 project(xrpl)
 set(CMAKE_CXX_EXTENSIONS OFF)
 set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 20)
 set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)
+set(CMAKE_EXPORT_COMPILE_COMMANDS ON)
 
 include(CompilationEnv)
 
@@ -33,51 +36,40 @@ endif()
 # Enable ccache to speed up builds.
 include(Ccache)
 
-# make GIT_COMMIT_HASH define available to all sources
-find_package(Git)
-if(Git_FOUND)
-    execute_process(COMMAND ${GIT_EXECUTABLE} --git-dir=${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/.git rev-parse HEAD
-        OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE OUTPUT_VARIABLE gch)
-    if(gch)
-        set(GIT_COMMIT_HASH "${gch}")
-        message(STATUS gch: ${GIT_COMMIT_HASH})
-        add_definitions(-DGIT_COMMIT_HASH="${GIT_COMMIT_HASH}")
-    endif()
-
-    execute_process(COMMAND ${GIT_EXECUTABLE} --git-dir=${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/.git rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD
-        OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE OUTPUT_VARIABLE gb)
-    if(gb)
-        set(GIT_BRANCH "${gb}")
-        message(STATUS gb: ${GIT_BRANCH})
-        add_definitions(-DGIT_BRANCH="${GIT_BRANCH}")
-    endif()
-endif() #git
-
 if(thread_safety_analysis)
-  add_compile_options(-Wthread-safety -D_LIBCPP_ENABLE_THREAD_SAFETY_ANNOTATIONS -DXRPL_ENABLE_THREAD_SAFETY_ANNOTATIONS)
-  add_compile_options("-stdlib=libc++")
-  add_link_options("-stdlib=libc++")
+    add_compile_options(
+        -Wthread-safety
+        -D_LIBCPP_ENABLE_THREAD_SAFETY_ANNOTATIONS
+        -DXRPL_ENABLE_THREAD_SAFETY_ANNOTATIONS
+    )
+    add_compile_options("-stdlib=libc++")
+    add_link_options("-stdlib=libc++")
 endif()
 
-include (CheckCXXCompilerFlag)
-include (FetchContent)
-include (ExternalProject)
-include (CMakeFuncs) # must come *after* ExternalProject b/c it overrides one function in EP
-if (target)
-  message (FATAL_ERROR "The target option has been removed - use native cmake options to control build")
-endif ()
+include(CheckCXXCompilerFlag)
+include(FetchContent)
+include(ExternalProject)
+include(CMakeFuncs) # must come *after* ExternalProject b/c it overrides one function in EP
+if(target)
+    message(
+        FATAL_ERROR
+        "The target option has been removed - use native cmake options to control build"
+    )
+endif()
 
 include(XrplSanity)
 include(XrplVersion)
 include(XrplSettings)
-# this check has to remain in the top-level cmake
-# because of the early return statement
-if (packages_only)
-  if (NOT TARGET rpm)
-    message (FATAL_ERROR "packages_only requested, but targets were not created - is docker installed?")
-  endif()
-  return ()
-endif ()
+# this check has to remain in the top-level cmake because of the early return statement
+if(packages_only)
+    if(NOT TARGET rpm)
+        message(
+            FATAL_ERROR
+            "packages_only requested, but targets were not created - is docker installed?"
+        )
+    endif()
+    return()
+endif()
 include(XrplCompiler)
 include(XrplSanitizers)
 include(XrplInterface)
@@ -85,11 +77,9 @@ include(XrplInterface)
 option(only_docs "Include only the docs target?" FALSE)
 include(XrplDocs)
 if(only_docs)
-  return()
+    return()
 endif()
 
-###
-
 include(deps/Boost)
 
 add_subdirectory(external/antithesis-sdk)
@@ -105,45 +95,60 @@ find_package(SOCI REQUIRED)
 find_package(SQLite3 REQUIRED)
 find_package(xxHash REQUIRED)
 
-target_link_libraries(xrpl_libs INTERFACE
-  ed25519::ed25519
-  lz4::lz4
-  OpenSSL::Crypto
-  OpenSSL::SSL
-  secp256k1::secp256k1
-  soci::soci
-  SQLite::SQLite3
+target_link_libraries(
+    xrpl_libs
+    INTERFACE
+        ed25519::ed25519
+        lz4::lz4
+        OpenSSL::Crypto
+        OpenSSL::SSL
+        secp256k1::secp256k1
+        soci::soci
+        SQLite::SQLite3
 )
 
 option(rocksdb "Enable RocksDB" ON)
 if(rocksdb)
     find_package(RocksDB REQUIRED)
-    set_target_properties(RocksDB::rocksdb PROPERTIES
-            INTERFACE_COMPILE_DEFINITIONS XRPL_ROCKSDB_AVAILABLE=1
+    set_target_properties(
+        RocksDB::rocksdb
+        PROPERTIES INTERFACE_COMPILE_DEFINITIONS XRPL_ROCKSDB_AVAILABLE=1
     )
     target_link_libraries(xrpl_libs INTERFACE RocksDB::rocksdb)
 endif()
 
+# OpenTelemetry distributed tracing (optional).
+# When ON, links against opentelemetry-cpp and defines XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY
+# so that SpanGuard factory methods produce real OTel spans.
+# When OFF (default), all tracing code compiles to no-ops with zero overhead.
+# Enable via: conan install -o telemetry=True, or cmake -Dtelemetry=ON.
+option(telemetry "Enable OpenTelemetry tracing" OFF)
+if(telemetry)
+    find_package(opentelemetry-cpp CONFIG REQUIRED)
+    add_compile_definitions(XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY)
+    message(STATUS "OpenTelemetry tracing enabled")
+endif()
+
 # Work around changes to Conan recipe for now.
 if(TARGET nudb::core)
-  set(nudb nudb::core)
+    set(nudb nudb::core)
 elseif(TARGET NuDB::nudb)
-  set(nudb NuDB::nudb)
+    set(nudb NuDB::nudb)
 else()
-  message(FATAL_ERROR "unknown nudb target")
+    message(FATAL_ERROR "unknown nudb target")
 endif()
 target_link_libraries(xrpl_libs INTERFACE ${nudb})
 
 if(coverage)
-  include(XrplCov)
+    include(XrplCov)
 endif()
 
-set(PROJECT_EXPORT_SET XrplExports)
 include(XrplCore)
+include(XrplProtocolAutogen)
 include(XrplInstall)
 include(XrplValidatorKeys)
 
 if(tests)
-  include(CTest)
-  add_subdirectory(src/tests/libxrpl)
+    include(CTest)
+    add_subdirectory(src/tests/libxrpl)
 endif()

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -127,26 +127,6 @@ tl;dr
 > 6. Wrap the body at 72 characters.
 > 7. Use the body to explain what and why vs. how.
 
-In addition to those guidelines, please add one of the following
-prefixes to the subject line if appropriate.
-
-- `fix:` - The primary purpose is to fix an existing bug.
-- `perf:` - The primary purpose is performance improvements.
-- `refactor:` - The changes refactor code without affecting
-  functionality.
-- `test:` - The changes _only_ affect unit tests.
-- `docs:` - The changes _only_ affect documentation. This can
-  include code comments in addition to `.md` files like this one.
-- `build:` - The changes _only_ affect the build process,
-  including CMake and/or Conan settings.
-- `chore:` - Other tasks that don't affect the binary, but don't fit
-  any of the other cases. e.g. formatting, git settings, updating
-  Github Actions jobs.
-
-Whenever possible, when updating commits after the PR is open, please
-add the PR number to the end of the subject line. e.g. `test: Add
-unit tests for Feature X (#1234)`.
-
 ## Pull requests
 
 In general, pull requests use `develop` as the base branch.
@@ -180,6 +160,23 @@ credibility of the existing approvals is insufficient.
 Pull requests must be merged by [squash-and-merge][squash]
 to preserve a linear history for the `develop` branch.
 
+### Type of Change
+
+In addition to those guidelines, please start your PR title with one of the following:
+
+- `build:` - The changes _only_ affect the build process, including CMake and/or Conan settings.
+- `feat`: New feature (change which adds functionality).
+- `fix:` - The primary purpose is to fix an existing bug.
+- `docs:` - The changes _only_ affect documentation.
+- `test:` - The changes _only_ affect unit tests.
+- `ci`: Continuous Integration (changes to our CI configuration files and scripts).
+- `style`: Code style (formatting).
+- `refactor:` - The changes refactor code without affecting functionality.
+- `perf:` - The primary purpose is performance improvements.
+- `chore:` - Other tasks that don't affect the binary, but don't fit any of the other cases. e.g. `git` settings, `clang-tidy`, removing dead code, dropping support for older tooling.
+
+First letter after the type prefix should be capitalized, and the type prefix should be followed by a colon and a space. e.g. `feat: Add support for Borrowing Protocol`.
+
 ### "Ready to merge"
 
 A pull request should only have the "Ready to merge" label added when it
@@ -219,7 +216,7 @@ coherent rather than a set of _thou shalt not_ commandments.
 
 ## Formatting
 
-All code must conform to `clang-format` version 18,
+All code must conform to `clang-format` version 21,
 according to the settings in [`.clang-format`](./.clang-format),
 unless the result would be unreasonably difficult to read or maintain.
 To demarcate lines that should be left as-is, surround them with comments like
@@ -251,6 +248,58 @@ pip3 install pre-commit
 pre-commit install
 ```
 
+## Clang-tidy
+
+All code must pass `clang-tidy` checks according to the settings in [`.clang-tidy`](./.clang-tidy).
+
+There is a Continuous Integration job that runs clang-tidy on pull requests. The CI will check:
+
+- All changed C++ files (`.cpp`, `.h`, `.ipp`) when only code files are modified
+- **All files in the repository** when the `.clang-tidy` configuration file is changed
+
+This ensures that configuration changes don't introduce new warnings across the codebase.
+
+### Installing clang-tidy
+
+See the [environment setup guide](./docs/build/environment.md#clang-tidy) for platform-specific installation instructions.
+
+### Running clang-tidy locally
+
+Before running clang-tidy, you must build the project to generate required files (particularly protobuf headers). Refer to [`BUILD.md`](./BUILD.md) for build instructions.
+
+#### Via pre-commit (recommended)
+
+If you have already installed the pre-commit hooks (see above), you can run clang-tidy on your staged files using:
+
+```
+TIDY=1 pre-commit run clang-tidy
+```
+
+This runs clang-tidy locally with the same configuration/flags as CI, scoped to your staged C++ files. The `TIDY=1` environment variable is required to opt in — without it the hook is skipped.
+
+You can also have clang-tidy run automatically on every `git commit` by setting `TIDY=1` in your shell environment:
+
+```
+export TIDY=1
+```
+
+With this set, the hook will run as part of `git commit` alongside the other pre-commit checks.
+
+#### Manually
+
+Then run clang-tidy on your local changes:
+
+```
+run-clang-tidy -p build -allow-no-checks src tests
+```
+
+This will check all source files in the `src`, `include` and `tests` directories using the compile commands from your `build` directory.
+If you wish to automatically fix whatever clang-tidy finds _and_ is capable of fixing, add `-fix` to the above command:
+
+```
+run-clang-tidy -p build -quiet -fix -allow-no-checks src tests
+```
+
 ## Contracts and instrumentation
 
 We are using [Antithesis](https://antithesis.com/) for continuous fuzzing,
@@ -504,7 +553,7 @@ All releases, including release candidates and betas, are handled
 differently from typical PRs. Most importantly, never use
 the Github UI to merge a release.
 
-Rippled uses a linear workflow model that can be summarized as:
+Xrpld uses a linear workflow model that can be summarized as:
 
 1. In between releases, developers work against the `develop` branch.
 2. Periodically, a maintainer will build and tag a beta version from
@@ -872,7 +921,8 @@ git push --delete upstream-push master-next
 11. [Create a new release on
     Github](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/releases). Be sure that
     "Set as the latest release" is checked.
-12. Finally [reverse merge the release into `develop`](#follow-up-reverse-merge).
+12. Open a PR to update the [API-CHANGELOG](API-CHANGELOG.md) and `API-VERSION-[n].md` with the changes for this release (if any are missing).
+13. Finally, [reverse merge the release into `develop`](#follow-up-reverse-merge).
 
 #### Special cases: point releases, hotfixes, etc.
 

LICENSE.md

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ISC License
 
 Copyright (c) 2011, Arthur Britto, David Schwartz, Jed McCaleb, Vinnie Falco, Bob Way, Eric Lombrozo, Nikolaos D. Bougalis, Howard Hinnant.
-Copyright (c) 2012-2025, the XRP Ledger developers.
+Copyright (c) 2012-present, the XRP Ledger developers.
 
 Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
 purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above

OpenTelemetryPlan/00-tracing-fundamentals.md

@@ -0,0 +1,567 @@
+# Distributed Tracing Fundamentals
+
+> **Parent Document**: [OpenTelemetryPlan.md](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)
+> **Next**: [Architecture Analysis](./01-architecture-analysis.md)
+
+---
+
+## What is Distributed Tracing?
+
+Distributed tracing is a method for tracking data objects as they flow through distributed systems. In a network like XRP Ledger, a single transaction touches multiple independent nodes—each with no shared memory or logging. Distributed tracing connects these dots.
+
+**Without tracing:** You see isolated logs on each node with no way to correlate them.
+
+**With tracing:** You see the complete journey of a transaction or an event across all nodes it touched.
+
+---
+
+## Actors and Actions at a Glance
+
+### Actors
+
+| Who (Plain English)                            | Technical Term  |
+| ---------------------------------------------- | --------------- |
+| A single unit of work being tracked            | Span            |
+| The complete journey of a request              | Trace           |
+| Data that links spans across services          | Trace Context   |
+| Code that creates spans and propagates context | Instrumentation |
+| Service that receives and processes traces     | Collector       |
+| Storage and visualization system               | Backend (Tempo) |
+| Decision logic for which traces to keep        | Sampler         |
+
+### Actions
+
+| What Happens (Plain English)            | Technical Term          |
+| --------------------------------------- | ----------------------- |
+| Start tracking a new operation          | Create a Span           |
+| Connect a child operation to its parent | Set `parent_span_id`    |
+| Group all related operations together   | Share a `trace_id`      |
+| Pass tracking data between services     | Context Propagation     |
+| Decide whether to record a trace        | Sampling (Head or Tail) |
+| Send completed traces to storage        | Export (OTLP)           |
+
+---
+
+## Core Concepts
+
+### 1. Trace
+
+A **trace** represents the entire journey of a request through the system. It has a unique `trace_id` that stays constant across all nodes.
+
+```
+Trace ID: abc123
+├── Node A: received transaction
+├── Node B: relayed transaction
+├── Node C: included in consensus
+└── Node D: applied to ledger
+```
+
+### 2. Span
+
+A **span** represents a single unit of work within a trace. Each span has:
+
+| Attribute        | Description                      | Example                    |
+| ---------------- | -------------------------------- | -------------------------- |
+| `trace_id`       | Identifies the trace             | `event123`                 |
+| `span_id`        | Unique identifier                | `span456`                  |
+| `parent_span_id` | Parent span (if any)             | `p_span123`                |
+| `name`           | Operation name                   | `rpc.submit`               |
+| `start_time`     | When work began (local time)     | `2024-01-15T10:30:00Z`     |
+| `end_time`       | When work completed (local time) | `2024-01-15T10:30:00.050Z` |
+| `attributes`     | Key-value metadata               | `tx.hash=ABC...`           |
+| `status`         | OK, ERROR MSG                    | `OK`                       |
+
+### 3. Trace Context
+
+**Trace context** is the data that propagates between services to link spans together. It contains:
+
+- `trace_id` - The trace this span belongs to
+- `span_id` - The current span (becomes parent for child spans)
+- `trace_flags` - Sampling decisions
+
+---
+
+## How Spans Form a Trace
+
+Spans have parent-child relationships forming a tree structure:
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph trace["Trace: abc123"]
+        A["tx.submit<br/>span_id: 001<br/>50ms"] --> B["tx.validate<br/>span_id: 002<br/>5ms"]
+        A --> C["tx.relay<br/>span_id: 003<br/>10ms"]
+        A --> D["tx.apply<br/>span_id: 004<br/>30ms"]
+        D --> E["ledger.update<br/>span_id: 005<br/>20ms"]
+    end
+
+    style A fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#ffffff
+    style B fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#ffffff
+    style C fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#ffffff
+    style D fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#ffffff
+    style E fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#ffffff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **tx.submit (blue, root)**: The top-level span representing the entire transaction submission; all other spans are its descendants.
+- **tx.validate, tx.relay, tx.apply (green)**: Direct children of tx.submit, representing the three main stages -- validation, relay to peers, and application to the ledger.
+- **ledger.update (red)**: A grandchild span nested under tx.apply, representing the actual ledger state mutation triggered by applying the transaction.
+- **Arrows (parent to child)**: Each arrow indicates a parent-child span relationship where the parent's completion depends on the child finishing.
+
+The same trace visualized as a **timeline (Gantt chart)**:
+
+```
+Time →   0ms    10ms    20ms    30ms    40ms    50ms
+         ├───────────────────────────────────────────┤
+tx.submit│▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓│
+         ├─────┤
+tx.valid │▓▓▓▓▓│
+         │     ├──────────┤
+tx.relay │     │▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓│
+         │               ├────────────────────────────┤
+tx.apply │               │▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓│
+         │                         ├──────────────────┤
+ledger   │                         │▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓│
+```
+
+---
+
+## Span Relationships
+
+Spans don't always form simple parent-child trees. Distributed tracing defines several relationship types to capture different causal patterns:
+
+### 1. Parent-Child (ChildOf)
+
+The default relationship. The parent span **depends on** or **contains** the child span. The child runs within the scope of the parent.
+
+```
+tx.submit (parent)
+├── tx.validate (child)     ← parent waits for this
+├── tx.relay (child)        ← parent waits for this
+└── tx.apply (child)        ← parent waits for this
+```
+
+**When to use:** Synchronous calls, nested operations, any case where the parent's completion depends on the child.
+
+### 2. Follows-From
+
+A causal relationship where the first span **triggers** the second, but does **not wait** for it. The originator fires and moves on.
+
+```
+Time →
+
+tx.receive [=======]
+                     ↓ triggers (follows-from)
+              tx.relay   [===========]   ← runs independently
+```
+
+**When to use:** Asynchronous jobs, queued work, fire-and-forget patterns. For example, a node receives a transaction and queues it for relay — the relay span _follows from_ the receive span but the receiver doesn't wait for relaying to complete.
+
+> **OpenTracing** defined `FollowsFrom` as a first-class reference type alongside `ChildOf`.
+> **OpenTelemetry** represents this using **Span Links** with descriptive attributes instead (see below).
+
+### 3. Span Links (Cross-Trace and Non-Hierarchical)
+
+Links connect spans that are **causally related but not in a parent-child hierarchy**. Unlike parent-child, links can cross trace boundaries.
+
+```
+Trace A                          Trace B
+──────                           ──────
+batch.schedule                   batch.execute
+├─ item.enqueue (span X)    ┌──► process.item
+├─ item.enqueue (span Y) ───┤    (links to X, Y, Z)
+├─ item.enqueue (span Z)    └──►
+```
+
+**Use cases:**
+
+| Pattern              | Description                                                                 |
+| -------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Batch processing** | A batch span links back to all individual spans that contributed to it      |
+| **Fan-in**           | An aggregation span links to the multiple producer spans it merges          |
+| **Fan-out**          | Multiple downstream spans link back to the single span that triggered them  |
+| **Async handoff**    | A deferred job links back to the request that queued it (follows-from)      |
+| **Cross-trace**      | Correlating spans across independent traces (e.g., retries, related events) |
+
+**Link structure:** Each link carries the target span's context plus optional attributes:
+
+```
+Link {
+    trace_id:   <target trace>
+    span_id:    <target span>
+    attributes: { "link.description": "triggered by batch scheduler" }
+}
+```
+
+### Relationship Summary
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart LR
+    subgraph parent_child["Parent-Child"]
+        direction TB
+        P["Parent"] --> C["Child"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph follows_from["Follows-From"]
+        direction TB
+        A["Span A"] -.->|triggers| B["Span B"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph links["Span Links"]
+        direction TB
+        X["Span X\n(Trace 1)"] -.-|link| Y["Span Y\n(Trace 2)"]
+    end
+
+    parent_child ~~~ follows_from ~~~ links
+
+    style P fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#ffffff
+    style C fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#ffffff
+    style A fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#ffffff
+    style B fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#ffffff
+    style X fill:#4a148c,stroke:#38006b,color:#ffffff
+    style Y fill:#4a148c,stroke:#38006b,color:#ffffff
+```
+
+| Relationship     | Same Trace? | Dependency?                | OTel Mechanism    |
+| ---------------- | ----------- | -------------------------- | ----------------- |
+| **Parent-Child** | Yes         | Parent depends on child    | `parent_span_id`  |
+| **Follows-From** | Usually     | Causal but no dependency   | Link + attributes |
+| **Span Link**    | Either      | Correlation, no dependency | Link + attributes |
+
+---
+
+## Trace ID Generation
+
+A `trace_id` is a 128-bit (16-byte) identifier that groups all spans belonging to one logical operation. How it's generated determines how easily you can find and correlate traces later.
+
+### General Approaches
+
+#### 1. Random (W3C Default)
+
+Generate a random 128-bit ID when a trace starts. Standard approach for most services.
+
+```
+trace_id = random_128_bits()
+```
+
+| Pros                        | Cons                                          |
+| --------------------------- | --------------------------------------------- |
+| Simple, standard            | No natural correlation to domain events       |
+| Guaranteed unique per trace | If propagation is lost, trace is broken       |
+| Works with all OTel tooling | "Find trace for TX abc" requires index lookup |
+
+#### 2. Deterministic (Derived from Domain Data)
+
+Compute the trace_id from a hash of a natural identifier. Every node independently derives the **same** trace_id for the same event.
+
+```
+trace_id = SHA-256(domain_identifier)[0:16]   // truncate to 128 bits
+```
+
+| Pros                                                | Cons                                                       |
+| --------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------- |
+| Propagation-resilient — same ID computed everywhere | Same event processed twice (retry) shares trace_id         |
+| Natural search — domain ID maps directly to trace   | Non-standard (tooling assumes random)                      |
+| No coordination needed between nodes                | 256→128 bit truncation (collision risk negligible at ~2⁶⁴) |
+
+#### 3. Hybrid (Deterministic Prefix + Random Suffix)
+
+First 8 bytes derived from domain data, last 8 bytes random.
+
+```
+trace_id = SHA-256(domain_identifier)[0:8] || random_64_bits()
+```
+
+| Pros                                        | Cons                                     |
+| ------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------- |
+| Prefix search: "find all traces for TX abc" | Must propagate to maintain full trace_id |
+| Unique per processing instance              | More complex generation logic            |
+| Retries get distinct trace_ids              | Partial correlation only (prefix match)  |
+
+### XRPL Workflow Analysis
+
+XRPL has a unique advantage: its core workflows produce **globally unique 256-bit hashes** that are known on every node. This makes deterministic trace_id generation practical in ways most systems can't achieve.
+
+#### Natural Identifiers by Workflow
+
+| Workflow            | Natural Identifier                | Size       | Known at Start?               | Same on All Nodes?               |
+| ------------------- | --------------------------------- | ---------- | ----------------------------- | -------------------------------- |
+| **Transaction**     | Transaction hash (`tid_`)         | 256-bit    | Yes — computed before signing | Yes — hash of canonical tx data  |
+| **Consensus round** | Previous ledger hash + ledger seq | 256+32 bit | Yes — known when round opens  | Yes — all validators agree       |
+| **Validation**      | Ledger hash being validated       | 256-bit    | Yes — from consensus result   | Yes — same closed ledger         |
+| **Ledger catch-up** | Target ledger hash                | 256-bit    | Yes — we know what to fetch   | Yes — identifies ledger globally |
+
+#### Where These Identifiers Live in Code
+
+```
+Transaction:     STTx::getTransactionID()     → uint256 tid_
+                 TMTransaction::rawTransaction → recompute hash from bytes
+
+Consensus:       ConsensusProposal::prevLedger_ → uint256 (previous ledger hash)
+                 ConsensusProposal::position_   → uint256 (TxSet hash)
+                 LedgerHeader::seq              → uint32_t (ledger sequence)
+
+Validation:      STValidation::getLedgerHash()  → uint256
+                 STValidation::getNodeID()      → NodeID (160-bit)
+
+Ledger fetch:    InboundLedger constructor      → uint256 hash, uint32_t seq
+                 TMGetLedger::ledgerHash        → bytes (uint256)
+```
+
+### Recommended Strategy: Workflow-Scoped Deterministic
+
+Each workflow type derives its trace_id from its natural domain identifier:
+
+```
+Transaction trace:   trace_id = SHA-256("tx"    || tx_hash)[0:16]
+Consensus trace:     trace_id = SHA-256("cons"  || prev_ledger_hash || ledger_seq)[0:16]
+Ledger catch-up:     trace_id = SHA-256("fetch" || target_ledger_hash)[0:16]
+```
+
+The string prefix (`"tx"`, `"cons"`, `"fetch"`) prevents collisions between workflows that might share underlying hashes.
+
+**Why this works for XRPL:**
+
+1. **Propagation-resilient** — Even if a P2P message drops trace context, every node independently computes the same trace_id from the same tx_hash or ledger_hash. Spans still correlate.
+
+2. **Zero-cost search** — "Show me the trace for transaction ABC" becomes a direct lookup: compute `SHA-256("tx" || ABC)[0:16]` and query. No secondary index needed.
+
+3. **Cross-workflow linking via Span Links** — A consensus trace links to individual transaction traces. A validation span links to the consensus trace. This connects the full picture without forcing everything into one giant trace.
+
+### Cross-Workflow Correlation
+
+Each workflow gets its own trace. Span Links tie them together:
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph tx_trace["Transaction Trace"]
+        direction LR
+        Tn["trace_id = f(tx_hash)"]:::note --> T1["tx.receive"] --> T2["tx.validate"] --> T3["tx.relay"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph cons_trace["Consensus Trace"]
+        direction LR
+        Cn["trace_id = f(prev_ledger, seq)"]:::note --> C1["cons.open"] --> C2["cons.propose"] --> C3["cons.accept"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph val_trace["Validation"]
+        direction LR
+        Vn["spans within consensus trace"]:::note --> V1["val.create"] --> V2["val.broadcast"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph fetch_trace["Catch-Up Trace"]
+        direction LR
+        Fn["trace_id = f(ledger_hash)"]:::note --> F1["fetch.request"] --> F2["fetch.receive"] --> F3["fetch.apply"]
+    end
+
+    C1 -.-|"span link\n(tx traces)"| T3
+    C3 --> V1
+    F1 -.-|"span link\n(target ledger)"| C3
+
+    classDef note fill:none,stroke:#888,stroke-dasharray:5 5,color:#333,font-style:italic
+    style T1 fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#ffffff
+    style T2 fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#ffffff
+    style T3 fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#ffffff
+    style C1 fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#ffffff
+    style C2 fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#ffffff
+    style C3 fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#ffffff
+    style V1 fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#ffffff
+    style V2 fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#ffffff
+    style F1 fill:#4a148c,stroke:#38006b,color:#ffffff
+    style F2 fill:#4a148c,stroke:#38006b,color:#ffffff
+    style F3 fill:#4a148c,stroke:#38006b,color:#ffffff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **Transaction Trace (blue)**: An independent trace whose `trace_id` is deterministically derived from the transaction hash. Contains receive, validate, and relay spans.
+- **Consensus Trace (green)**: An independent trace whose `trace_id` is derived from the previous ledger hash and sequence number. Covers the open, propose, and accept phases.
+- **Validation (red)**: Validation spans live within the consensus trace (not a separate trace). They are created after the accept phase completes.
+- **Catch-Up Trace (purple)**: An independent trace for ledger acquisition, derived from the target ledger hash. Used when a node is behind and fetching missing ledgers.
+- **Dotted arrows (span links)**: Cross-trace correlations. Consensus links to transaction traces it included; catch-up links to the consensus trace that produced the target ledger.
+- **Solid arrow (C3 to V1)**: A parent-child relationship -- validation spans are direct children of the consensus accept span within the same trace.
+
+**How a query flows:**
+
+```
+"Why was TX abc slow?"
+  1. Compute trace_id = SHA-256("tx" || abc)[0:16]
+  2. Find transaction trace → see it was included in consensus round N
+  3. Follow span link → consensus trace for round N
+  4. See which phase was slow (propose? accept?)
+  5. If a node was catching up, follow link → catch-up trace
+```
+
+### Trade-offs to Consider
+
+| Concern                       | Mitigation                                                                                                                    |
+| ----------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Retries get same trace_id** | Add `attempt` attribute to root span; spans have unique span_ids and timestamps                                               |
+| **256→128 bit truncation**    | Birthday-bound collision at ~2⁶⁴ operations — negligible for XRPL's throughput                                                |
+| **Non-standard generation**   | OTel spec allows any 16-byte non-zero value; tooling works on the hex string                                                  |
+| **Hash computation cost**     | SHA-256 is ~0.3μs per call; XRPL already computes these hashes for other purposes                                             |
+| **Late-binding identifiers**  | Ledger hash isn't known until after consensus — validation spans use ledger_seq as fallback, then link to the consensus trace |
+
+---
+
+## Distributed Traces Across Nodes
+
+In distributed systems like xrpld, traces span **multiple independent nodes**. The trace context must be propagated in network messages:
+
+```mermaid
+sequenceDiagram
+    participant Client
+    participant NodeA as Node A
+    participant NodeB as Node B
+    participant NodeC as Node C
+
+    Client->>NodeA: Submit TX<br/>(no trace context)
+
+    Note over NodeA: Creates new trace<br/>trace_id: abc123<br/>span: tx.receive
+
+    NodeA->>NodeB: Relay TX<br/>(trace_id: abc123, parent: 001)
+
+    Note over NodeB: Creates child span<br/>span: tx.relay<br/>parent_span_id: 001
+
+    NodeA->>NodeC: Relay TX<br/>(trace_id: abc123, parent: 001)
+
+    Note over NodeC: Creates child span<br/>span: tx.relay<br/>parent_span_id: 001
+
+    Note over NodeA,NodeC: All spans share trace_id: abc123<br/>enabling correlation across nodes
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **Client**: The external entity that submits a transaction. It does not carry trace context -- the trace originates at the first node.
+- **Node A**: The entry point that creates a new trace (trace_id: abc123) and the root span `tx.receive`. It relays the transaction to peers with trace context attached.
+- **Node B and Node C**: Peer nodes that receive the relayed transaction along with the propagated trace context. Each creates a child span under Node A's span, preserving the same `trace_id`.
+- **Arrows with trace context**: The relay messages carry `trace_id` and `parent_span_id`, allowing each downstream node to link its spans back to the originating span on Node A.
+
+---
+
+## Context Propagation
+
+For traces to work across nodes, **trace context must be propagated** in messages.
+
+### What's in the Context (~26 bytes)
+
+| Field         | Size     | Description                                             |
+| ------------- | -------- | ------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `trace_id`    | 16 bytes | Identifies the entire trace (constant across all nodes) |
+| `span_id`     | 8 bytes  | The sender's current span (becomes parent on receiver)  |
+| `trace_flags` | 1 byte   | Sampling decision (bit 0 = sampled; bits 1-7 reserved)  |
+| `trace_state` | variable | Optional vendor-specific data (typically omitted)       |
+
+### How span_id Changes at Each Hop
+
+Only **one** `span_id` travels in the context - the sender's current span. Each node:
+
+1. Extracts the received `span_id` and uses it as the `parent_span_id`
+2. Creates a **new** `span_id` for its own span
+3. Sends its own `span_id` as the parent when forwarding
+
+```
+Node A                      Node B                      Node C
+──────                      ──────                      ──────
+
+Span AAA                    Span BBB                    Span CCC
+   │                           │                           │
+   ▼                           ▼                           ▼
+Context out:                Context out:                Context out:
+├─ trace_id: abc123         ├─ trace_id: abc123         ├─ trace_id: abc123
+├─ span_id: AAA ──────────► ├─ span_id: BBB ──────────► ├─ span_id: CCC ──────►
+└─ flags: 01                └─ flags: 01                └─ flags: 01
+                               │                           │
+                          parent = AAA               parent = BBB
+```
+
+The `trace_id` stays constant, but `span_id` **changes at every hop** to maintain the parent-child chain.
+
+### Propagation Formats
+
+There are two patterns:
+
+### HTTP/RPC Headers (W3C Trace Context)
+
+```
+traceparent: 00-4bf92f3577b34da6a3ce929d0e0e4736-00f067aa0ba902b7-01
+             │  │                                │                │
+             │  │                                │                └── Flags (sampled)
+             │  │                                └── Parent span ID (16 hex)
+             │  └── Trace ID (32 hex)
+             └── Version
+```
+
+### Protocol Buffers (xrpld P2P messages)
+
+```protobuf
+message TMTransaction {
+    bytes rawTransaction = 1;
+    // ... existing fields ...
+
+    // Trace context extension
+    bytes trace_parent = 100;  // W3C traceparent
+    bytes trace_state = 101;   // W3C tracestate
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+## Sampling
+
+Not every trace needs to be recorded. **Sampling** reduces overhead:
+
+### Head Sampling (at trace start)
+
+```
+Request arrives → Random 10% chance → Record or skip entire trace
+```
+
+- ✅ Low overhead
+- ❌ May miss interesting traces
+
+### Tail Sampling (after trace completes)
+
+```
+Trace completes → Collector evaluates:
+                  - Error? → KEEP
+                  - Slow? → KEEP
+                  - Normal? → Sample 10%
+```
+
+- ✅ Never loses important traces
+- ❌ Higher memory usage at collector
+
+---
+
+## Key Benefits for xrpld
+
+| Challenge                          | How Tracing Helps                        |
+| ---------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------- |
+| "Where is my transaction?"         | Follow trace across all nodes it touched |
+| "Why was consensus slow?"          | See timing breakdown of each phase       |
+| "Which node is the bottleneck?"    | Compare span durations across nodes      |
+| "What happened during the outage?" | Correlate errors across the network      |
+
+---
+
+## Glossary
+
+| Term                 | Definition                                                          |
+| -------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Trace**            | Complete journey of a request, identified by `trace_id`             |
+| **Span**             | Single operation within a trace                                     |
+| **Parent-Child**     | Span relationship where the parent depends on the child             |
+| **Follows-From**     | Causal relationship where originator doesn't wait for the result    |
+| **Span Link**        | Non-hierarchical connection between spans, possibly across traces   |
+| **Deterministic ID** | Trace ID derived from domain data (e.g., tx_hash) instead of random |
+| **Context**          | Data propagated between services (`trace_id`, `span_id`, flags)     |
+| **Instrumentation**  | Code that creates spans and propagates context                      |
+| **Collector**        | Service that receives, processes, and exports traces                |
+| **Backend**          | Storage/visualization system (Tempo)                                |
+| **Head Sampling**    | Sampling decision at trace start                                    |
+| **Tail Sampling**    | Sampling decision after trace completes                             |
+
+---
+
+_Next: [Architecture Analysis](./01-architecture-analysis.md)_ | _Back to: [Overview](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)_

OpenTelemetryPlan/01-architecture-analysis.md

@@ -0,0 +1,467 @@
+# Architecture Analysis
+
+> **Parent Document**: [OpenTelemetryPlan.md](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)
+> **Related**: [Design Decisions](./02-design-decisions.md) | [Implementation Strategy](./03-implementation-strategy.md)
+
+---
+
+## 1.1 Current xrpld Architecture Overview
+
+> **WS** = WebSocket | **UNL** = Unique Node List | **TxQ** = Transaction Queue | **StatsD** = Statistics Daemon
+
+The xrpld node software consists of several interconnected components that need instrumentation for distributed tracing:
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph xrpld["xrpld Node"]
+        subgraph services["Core Services"]
+            RPC["RPC Server<br/>(HTTP/WS/gRPC)"]
+            Overlay["Overlay<br/>(P2P Network)"]
+            Consensus["Consensus<br/>(RCLConsensus)"]
+            ValidatorList["ValidatorList<br/>(UNL Mgmt)"]
+        end
+
+        JobQueue["JobQueue<br/>(Thread Pool)"]
+
+        subgraph processing["Processing Layer"]
+            NetworkOPs["NetworkOPs<br/>(Tx Processing)"]
+            LedgerMaster["LedgerMaster<br/>(Ledger Mgmt)"]
+            NodeStore["NodeStore<br/>(Database)"]
+            InboundLedgers["InboundLedgers<br/>(Ledger Sync)"]
+        end
+
+        subgraph appservices["Application Services"]
+            PathFind["PathFinding<br/>(Payment Paths)"]
+            TxQ["TxQ<br/>(Fee Escalation)"]
+            LoadMgr["LoadManager<br/>(Fee/Load)"]
+        end
+
+        subgraph observability["Existing Observability"]
+            PerfLog["PerfLog<br/>(JSON)"]
+            Insight["Insight<br/>(StatsD)"]
+            Logging["Logging<br/>(Journal)"]
+        end
+
+        services --> JobQueue
+        JobQueue --> processing
+        JobQueue --> appservices
+    end
+
+    style xrpld fill:#424242,stroke:#212121,color:#ffffff
+    style services fill:#1565c0,stroke:#0d47a1,color:#ffffff
+    style processing fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#ffffff
+    style appservices fill:#6a1b9a,stroke:#4a148c,color:#ffffff
+    style observability fill:#e65100,stroke:#bf360c,color:#ffffff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **Core Services (blue)**: The entry points into xrpld -- RPC Server handles client requests, Overlay manages peer-to-peer networking, Consensus drives agreement, and ValidatorList manages trusted validators.
+- **JobQueue (center)**: The asynchronous thread pool that decouples Core Services from the Processing and Application layers. All work flows through it.
+- **Processing Layer (green)**: Core business logic -- NetworkOPs processes transactions, LedgerMaster manages ledger state, NodeStore handles persistence, and InboundLedgers synchronizes missing data.
+- **Application Services (purple)**: Higher-level features -- PathFinding computes payment routes, TxQ manages fee-based queuing, and LoadManager tracks server load.
+- **Existing Observability (orange)**: The current monitoring stack (PerfLog, Insight, Journal logging) that OpenTelemetry will complement, not replace.
+- **Arrows (Services to JobQueue to layers)**: Work originates at Core Services, is enqueued onto the JobQueue, and dispatched to Processing or Application layers for execution.
+
+---
+
+## 1.1.1 Actors and Actions
+
+### Actors
+
+| Who (Plain English)                       | Technical Term             |
+| ----------------------------------------- | -------------------------- |
+| Network node running XRPL software        | xrpld node                 |
+| External client submitting requests       | RPC Client                 |
+| Network neighbor sharing data             | Peer (PeerImp)             |
+| Request handler for client queries        | RPC Server (ServerHandler) |
+| Command executor for specific RPC methods | RPCHandler                 |
+| Agreement process between nodes           | Consensus (RCLConsensus)   |
+| Transaction processing coordinator        | NetworkOPs                 |
+| Background task scheduler                 | JobQueue                   |
+| Ledger state manager                      | LedgerMaster               |
+| Payment route calculator                  | PathFinding (Pathfinder)   |
+| Transaction waiting room                  | TxQ (Transaction Queue)    |
+| Fee adjustment system                     | LoadManager                |
+| Trusted validator list manager            | ValidatorList              |
+| Protocol upgrade tracker                  | AmendmentTable             |
+| Ledger state hash tree                    | SHAMap                     |
+| Persistent key-value storage              | NodeStore                  |
+
+### Actions
+
+| What Happens (Plain English)                   | Technical Term         |
+| ---------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- |
+| Client sends a request to a node               | `rpc.request`          |
+| Node executes a specific RPC command           | `rpc.command.*`        |
+| Node receives a transaction from a peer        | `tx.receive`           |
+| Node checks if a transaction is valid          | `tx.validate`          |
+| Node forwards a transaction to neighbors       | `tx.relay`             |
+| Nodes agree on which transactions to include   | `consensus.round`      |
+| Consensus progresses through phases            | `consensus.phase.*`    |
+| Node builds a new confirmed ledger             | `ledger.build`         |
+| Node fetches missing ledger data from peers    | `ledger.acquire`       |
+| Node computes payment routes                   | `pathfind.compute`     |
+| Node queues a transaction for later processing | `txq.enqueue`          |
+| Node increases fees due to high load           | `fee.escalate`         |
+| Node fetches the latest trusted validator list | `validator.list.fetch` |
+| Node votes on a protocol amendment             | `amendment.vote`       |
+| Node synchronizes state tree data              | `shamap.sync`          |
+
+---
+
+## 1.2 Key Components for Instrumentation
+
+> **TxQ** = Transaction Queue | **UNL** = Unique Node List
+
+| Component          | Location                                   | Purpose                  | Trace Value                      |
+| ------------------ | ------------------------------------------ | ------------------------ | -------------------------------- |
+| **Overlay**        | `src/xrpld/overlay/`                       | P2P communication        | Message propagation timing       |
+| **PeerImp**        | `src/xrpld/overlay/detail/PeerImp.cpp`     | Individual peer handling | Per-peer latency                 |
+| **RCLConsensus**   | `src/xrpld/app/consensus/RCLConsensus.cpp` | Consensus algorithm      | Round timing, phase analysis     |
+| **NetworkOPs**     | `src/xrpld/app/misc/NetworkOPs.cpp`        | Transaction processing   | Tx lifecycle tracking            |
+| **ServerHandler**  | `src/xrpld/rpc/detail/ServerHandler.cpp`   | RPC entry point          | Request latency                  |
+| **RPCHandler**     | `src/xrpld/rpc/detail/RPCHandler.cpp`      | Command execution        | Per-command timing               |
+| **JobQueue**       | `src/xrpl/core/JobQueue.h`                 | Async task execution     | Queue wait times                 |
+| **PathFinding**    | `src/xrpld/app/paths/`                     | Payment path computation | Path latency, cache hits         |
+| **TxQ**            | `src/xrpld/app/misc/TxQ.cpp`               | Transaction queue/fees   | Queue depth, eviction rates      |
+| **LoadManager**    | `src/xrpld/app/main/LoadManager.cpp`       | Fee escalation/load      | Fee levels, load factors         |
+| **InboundLedgers** | `src/xrpld/app/ledger/InboundLedgers.cpp`  | Ledger acquisition       | Sync time, peer reliability      |
+| **ValidatorList**  | `src/xrpld/app/misc/ValidatorList.cpp`     | UNL management           | List freshness, fetch failures   |
+| **AmendmentTable** | `src/xrpld/app/misc/AmendmentTable.cpp`    | Protocol amendments      | Voting status, activation events |
+| **SHAMap**         | `src/xrpld/shamap/`                        | State hash tree          | Sync speed, missing nodes        |
+
+---
+
+## 1.3 Transaction Flow Diagram
+
+Transaction flow spans multiple nodes in the network. Each node creates linked spans to form a distributed trace:
+
+```mermaid
+sequenceDiagram
+    participant Client
+    participant PeerA as Peer A (Receive)
+    participant PeerB as Peer B (Relay)
+    participant PeerC as Peer C (Validate)
+
+    Client->>PeerA: 1. Submit TX
+
+    rect rgb(230, 245, 255)
+        Note over PeerA: tx.receive SPAN START
+        PeerA->>PeerA: HashRouter Deduplication
+        PeerA->>PeerA: tx.validate (child span)
+    end
+
+    PeerA->>PeerB: 2. Relay TX (with trace ctx)
+
+    rect rgb(230, 245, 255)
+        Note over PeerB: tx.receive (linked span)
+    end
+
+    PeerB->>PeerC: 3. Relay TX
+
+    rect rgb(230, 245, 255)
+        Note over PeerC: tx.receive (linked span)
+        PeerC->>PeerC: tx.process
+    end
+
+    Note over Client,PeerC: DISTRIBUTED TRACE (same trace_id: abc123)
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **Client**: The external entity that submits a transaction to Peer A. It has no trace context -- the trace starts at the first node.
+- **Peer A (Receive)**: The entry node that creates the root span `tx.receive`, runs HashRouter deduplication to avoid processing duplicates, and creates a child `tx.validate` span.
+- **Peer A to Peer B arrow**: The relay message carries trace context (trace_id + parent span_id), enabling Peer B to create a linked span under the same trace.
+- **Peer B (Relay)**: Receives the transaction and trace context, creates a `tx.receive` span linked to Peer A's trace, then relays onward.
+- **Peer C (Validate)**: Final hop in this example. Creates a linked `tx.receive` span and runs `tx.process` to fully process the transaction.
+- **Blue rectangles**: Highlight the span boundaries on each node, showing where instrumentation creates and closes spans.
+
+### Trace Structure
+
+```
+trace_id: abc123
+├── span: tx.receive (Peer A)
+│   ├── span: tx.validate
+│   └── span: tx.relay
+├── span: tx.receive (Peer B) [parent: Peer A]
+│   └── span: tx.relay
+└── span: tx.receive (Peer C) [parent: Peer B]
+    └── span: tx.process
+```
+
+---
+
+## 1.4 Consensus Round Flow
+
+Consensus rounds are multi-phase operations that benefit significantly from tracing:
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph round["consensus.round (root span)"]
+        attrs["Attributes:<br/>xrpl.consensus.ledger.seq = 12345678<br/>xrpl.consensus.mode = proposing<br/>xrpl.consensus.proposers = 35"]
+
+        subgraph open["consensus.phase.open"]
+            open_desc["Duration: ~3s<br/>Waiting for transactions"]
+        end
+
+        subgraph establish["consensus.phase.establish"]
+            est_attrs["proposals_received = 28<br/>disputes_resolved = 3"]
+            est_children["├── consensus.proposal.receive (×28)<br/>├── consensus.proposal.send (×1)<br/>└── consensus.dispute.resolve (×3)"]
+        end
+
+        subgraph accept["consensus.phase.accept"]
+            acc_attrs["transactions_applied = 150<br/>ledger.hash = DEF456..."]
+            acc_children["├── ledger.build<br/>└── ledger.validate"]
+        end
+
+        attrs --> open
+        open --> establish
+        establish --> accept
+    end
+
+    style round fill:#f57f17,stroke:#e65100,color:#ffffff
+    style open fill:#1565c0,stroke:#0d47a1,color:#ffffff
+    style establish fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#ffffff
+    style accept fill:#c2185b,stroke:#880e4f,color:#ffffff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **consensus.round (orange, root span)**: The top-level span encompassing the entire consensus round, with attributes like ledger sequence, mode, and proposer count.
+- **consensus.phase.open (blue)**: The first phase where the node waits (~3s) to collect incoming transactions before proposing.
+- **consensus.phase.establish (green)**: The negotiation phase where validators exchange proposals, resolve disputes, and converge on a transaction set. Child spans track each proposal received/sent and each dispute resolved.
+- **consensus.phase.accept (pink)**: The final phase where the agreed transaction set is applied, a new ledger is built, and the ledger is validated. Child spans cover `ledger.build` and `ledger.validate`.
+- **Arrows (open to establish to accept)**: The sequential flow through the three consensus phases. Each phase must complete before the next begins.
+
+---
+
+## 1.5 RPC Request Flow
+
+> **WS** = WebSocket
+
+RPC requests support W3C Trace Context headers for distributed tracing across services:
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph request["rpc.request (root span)"]
+        http["HTTP Request — POST /<br/>traceparent:<br/>00-abc123...-def456...-01"]
+
+        attrs["Attributes:<br/>http.method = POST<br/>net.peer.ip = 192.168.1.100<br/>xrpl.rpc.command = submit"]
+
+        subgraph enqueue["jobqueue.enqueue"]
+            job_attr["xrpl.job.type = jtCLIENT_RPC"]
+        end
+
+        subgraph command["rpc.command.submit"]
+            cmd_attrs["xrpl.rpc.version = 2<br/>xrpl.rpc.role = user"]
+            cmd_children["├── tx.deserialize<br/>├── tx.validate_local<br/>└── tx.submit_to_network"]
+        end
+
+        response["Response: 200 OK<br/>Duration: 45ms"]
+
+        http --> attrs
+        attrs --> enqueue
+        enqueue --> command
+        command --> response
+    end
+
+    style request fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#ffffff
+    style enqueue fill:#1565c0,stroke:#0d47a1,color:#ffffff
+    style command fill:#e65100,stroke:#bf360c,color:#ffffff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **rpc.request (green, root span)**: The outermost span representing the full RPC request lifecycle, from HTTP receipt to response. Carries the W3C `traceparent` header for distributed tracing.
+- **HTTP Request node**: Shows the incoming POST request with its `traceparent` header and extracted attributes (method, peer IP, command name).
+- **jobqueue.enqueue (blue)**: The span covering the asynchronous handoff from the RPC thread to the JobQueue worker thread. The trace context is preserved across this async boundary.
+- **rpc.command.submit (orange)**: The span for the actual command execution, with child spans for deserialization, local validation, and network submission.
+- **Response node**: The final output with HTTP status and total duration, marking the end of the root span.
+- **Arrows (top to bottom)**: The sequential processing pipeline -- receive request, extract attributes, enqueue job, execute command, return response.
+
+---
+
+## 1.6 Key Trace Points
+
+> **TxQ** = Transaction Queue
+
+The following table identifies priority instrumentation points across the codebase:
+
+| Category        | Span Name              | File                   | Method                  | Priority |
+| --------------- | ---------------------- | ---------------------- | ----------------------- | -------- |
+| **Transaction** | `tx.receive`           | `PeerImp.cpp`          | `handleTransaction()`   | High     |
+| **Transaction** | `tx.validate`          | `NetworkOPs.cpp`       | `processTransaction()`  | High     |
+| **Transaction** | `tx.process`           | `NetworkOPs.cpp`       | `doTransactionSync()`   | High     |
+| **Transaction** | `tx.relay`             | `OverlayImpl.cpp`      | `relay()`               | Medium   |
+| **Consensus**   | `consensus.round`      | `RCLConsensus.cpp`     | `startRound()`          | High     |
+| **Consensus**   | `consensus.phase.*`    | `Consensus.h`          | `timerEntry()`          | High     |
+| **Consensus**   | `consensus.proposal.*` | `RCLConsensus.cpp`     | `peerProposal()`        | Medium   |
+| **RPC**         | `rpc.request`          | `ServerHandler.cpp`    | `onRequest()`           | High     |
+| **RPC**         | `rpc.command.*`        | `RPCHandler.cpp`       | `doCommand()`           | High     |
+| **Peer**        | `peer.connect`         | `OverlayImpl.cpp`      | `onHandoff()`           | Low      |
+| **Peer**        | `peer.message.*`       | `PeerImp.cpp`          | `onMessage()`           | Low      |
+| **Ledger**      | `ledger.acquire`       | `InboundLedgers.cpp`   | `acquire()`             | Medium   |
+| **Ledger**      | `ledger.build`         | `RCLConsensus.cpp`     | `buildLCL()`            | High     |
+| **PathFinding** | `pathfind.request`     | `PathRequest.cpp`      | `doUpdate()`            | High     |
+| **PathFinding** | `pathfind.compute`     | `Pathfinder.cpp`       | `findPaths()`           | High     |
+| **TxQ**         | `txq.enqueue`          | `TxQ.cpp`              | `apply()`               | High     |
+| **TxQ**         | `txq.apply`            | `TxQ.cpp`              | `processClosedLedger()` | High     |
+| **Fee**         | `fee.escalate`         | `LoadManager.cpp`      | `raiseLocalFee()`       | Medium   |
+| **Ledger**      | `ledger.replay`        | `LedgerReplayer.h`     | `replay()`              | Medium   |
+| **Ledger**      | `ledger.delta`         | `LedgerDeltaAcquire.h` | `processData()`         | Medium   |
+| **Validator**   | `validator.list.fetch` | `ValidatorList.cpp`    | `verify()`              | Medium   |
+| **Validator**   | `validator.manifest`   | `Manifest.cpp`         | `applyManifest()`       | Low      |
+| **Amendment**   | `amendment.vote`       | `AmendmentTable.cpp`   | `doVoting()`            | Low      |
+| **SHAMap**      | `shamap.sync`          | `SHAMap.cpp`           | `fetchRoot()`           | Medium   |
+
+---
+
+## 1.7 Instrumentation Priority
+
+> **TxQ** = Transaction Queue
+
+```mermaid
+quadrantChart
+    title Instrumentation Priority Matrix
+    x-axis Low Complexity --> High Complexity
+    y-axis Low Value --> High Value
+    quadrant-1 Implement First
+    quadrant-2 Plan Carefully
+    quadrant-3 Quick Wins
+    quadrant-4 Consider Later
+
+    RPC Tracing: [0.2, 0.92]
+    Transaction Tracing: [0.55, 0.88]
+    Consensus Tracing: [0.78, 0.82]
+    PathFinding: [0.38, 0.75]
+    TxQ and Fees: [0.25, 0.65]
+    Ledger Sync: [0.62, 0.58]
+    Peer Message Tracing: [0.35, 0.25]
+    JobQueue Tracing: [0.2, 0.48]
+    Validator Mgmt: [0.48, 0.42]
+    Amendment Tracking: [0.15, 0.32]
+    SHAMap Operations: [0.72, 0.45]
+```
+
+---
+
+## 1.8 Observable Outcomes
+
+> **TxQ** = Transaction Queue | **UNL** = Unique Node List
+
+After implementing OpenTelemetry, operators and developers will gain visibility into the following:
+
+### 1.8.1 What You Will See: Traces
+
+| Trace Type                 | Description                                                                                 | Example Query in Grafana/Tempo                       |
+| -------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Transaction Lifecycle**  | Full journey from RPC submission through validation, relay, consensus, and ledger inclusion | `{service.name="xrpld" && xrpl.tx.hash="ABC123..."}` |
+| **Cross-Node Propagation** | Transaction path across multiple xrpld nodes with timing                                    | `{xrpl.tx.relay_count > 0}`                          |
+| **Consensus Rounds**       | Complete round with all phases (open, establish, accept)                                    | `{span.name=~"consensus.round.*"}`                   |
+| **RPC Request Processing** | Individual command execution with timing breakdown                                          | `{xrpl.rpc.command="account_info"}`                  |
+| **Ledger Acquisition**     | Peer-to-peer ledger data requests and responses                                             | `{span.name="ledger.acquire"}`                       |
+| **PathFinding Latency**    | Path computation time and cache effectiveness for payment RPCs                              | `{span.name="pathfind.compute"}`                     |
+| **TxQ Behavior**           | Queue depth, eviction patterns, fee escalation during congestion                            | `{span.name=~"txq.*"}`                               |
+| **Ledger Sync**            | Full acquisition timeline including delta and transaction fetches                           | `{span.name=~"ledger.acquire.*"}`                    |
+| **Validator Health**       | UNL fetch success, manifest updates, stale list detection                                   | `{span.name=~"validator.*"}`                         |
+
+### 1.8.2 What You Will See: Metrics (Derived from Traces)
+
+| Metric                        | Description                             | Dashboard Panel             |
+| ----------------------------- | --------------------------------------- | --------------------------- |
+| **RPC Latency (p50/p95/p99)** | Response time distribution per command  | Heatmap by command          |
+| **Transaction Throughput**    | Transactions processed per second       | Time series graph           |
+| **Consensus Round Duration**  | Time to complete consensus phases       | Histogram                   |
+| **Cross-Node Latency**        | Time for transaction to reach N nodes   | Line chart with percentiles |
+| **Error Rate**                | Failed transactions/RPC calls by type   | Stacked bar chart           |
+| **PathFinding Latency**       | Path computation time per currency pair | Heatmap by currency         |
+| **TxQ Depth**                 | Queued transactions over time           | Time series with thresholds |
+| **Fee Escalation Level**      | Current fee multiplier                  | Gauge with alert thresholds |
+| **Ledger Sync Duration**      | Time to acquire missing ledgers         | Histogram                   |
+
+### 1.8.3 Concrete Dashboard Examples
+
+**Transaction Trace View (Tempo):**
+
+```
+┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│ Trace: abc123... (Transaction Submission)                    Duration: 847ms   │
+├────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
+│ ├── rpc.request [ServerHandler]                              ████░░░░░░  45ms  │
+│ │   └── rpc.command.submit [RPCHandler]                      ████░░░░░░  42ms  │
+│ │       └── tx.receive [NetworkOPs]                          ███░░░░░░░  35ms  │
+│ │           ├── tx.validate [TxQ]                            █░░░░░░░░░   8ms  │
+│ │           └── tx.relay [Overlay]                           ██░░░░░░░░  15ms  │
+│ │               ├── tx.receive [Node-B]                      █████░░░░░  52ms  │
+│ │               │   └── tx.relay [Node-B]                    ██░░░░░░░░  18ms  │
+│ │               └── tx.receive [Node-C]                      ██████░░░░  65ms  │
+│ └── consensus.round [RCLConsensus]                           ████████░░ 720ms  │
+│     ├── consensus.phase.open                                 ██░░░░░░░░ 180ms  │
+│     ├── consensus.phase.establish                            █████░░░░░ 480ms  │
+│     └── consensus.phase.accept                               █░░░░░░░░░  60ms  │
+└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
+```
+
+**RPC Performance Dashboard Panel:**
+
+```
+┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│ RPC Command Latency (Last 1 Hour)                           │
+├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
+│ Command          │ p50    │ p95    │ p99    │ Errors │ Rate │
+│──────────────────┼────────┼────────┼────────┼────────┼──────│
+│ account_info     │  12ms  │  45ms  │  89ms  │  0.1%  │ 150/s│
+│ submit           │  35ms  │ 120ms  │ 250ms  │  2.3%  │  45/s│
+│ ledger           │   8ms  │  25ms  │  55ms  │  0.0%  │  80/s│
+│ tx               │  15ms  │  50ms  │ 100ms  │  0.5%  │  60/s│
+│ server_info      │   5ms  │  12ms  │  20ms  │  0.0%  │ 200/s│
+└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
+```
+
+**Consensus Health Dashboard Panel:**
+
+```mermaid
+---
+config:
+    xyChart:
+        width: 1200
+        height: 400
+        plotReservedSpacePercent: 50
+        chartOrientation: vertical
+    themeVariables:
+        xyChart:
+            plotColorPalette: "#3498db"
+---
+xychart-beta
+    title "Consensus Round Duration (Last 24 Hours)"
+    x-axis "Time of Day (Hours)" [0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24]
+    y-axis "Duration (seconds)" 1 --> 5
+    line [2.1, 2.4, 2.8, 3.2, 3.8, 4.3, 4.5, 5.0, 4.7, 4.0, 3.2, 2.6, 2.0]
+```
+
+### 1.8.4 Operator Actionable Insights
+
+| Scenario                  | What You'll See                                                              | Action                                           |
+| ------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ |
+| **Slow RPC**              | Span showing which phase is slow (parsing, execution, serialization)         | Optimize specific code path                      |
+| **Transaction Stuck**     | Trace stops at validation; error attribute shows reason                      | Fix transaction parameters                       |
+| **Consensus Delay**       | Phase.establish taking too long; proposer attribute shows missing validators | Investigate network connectivity                 |
+| **Memory Spike**          | Large batch of spans correlating with memory increase                        | Tune batch_size or sampling                      |
+| **Network Partition**     | Traces missing cross-node links for specific peer                            | Check peer connectivity                          |
+| **Path Computation Slow** | pathfind.compute span shows high latency; cache miss rate in attributes      | Warm the RippleLineCache, check order book depth |
+| **TxQ Full**              | txq.enqueue spans show evictions; fee.escalate spans increasing              | Monitor fee levels, alert operators              |
+| **Ledger Sync Stalled**   | ledger.acquire spans timing out; peer reliability attributes show issues     | Check peer connectivity, add trusted peers       |
+| **UNL Stale**             | validator.list.fetch spans failing; last_update attribute aging              | Verify validator site URLs, check DNS            |
+
+### 1.8.5 Developer Debugging Workflow
+
+1. **Find Transaction**: Query by `xrpl.tx.hash` to get full trace
+2. **Identify Bottleneck**: Look at span durations to find slowest component
+3. **Check Attributes**: Review `xrpl.tx.validity`, `xrpl.rpc.status` for errors
+4. **Correlate Logs**: Use `trace_id` to find related PerfLog entries
+5. **Compare Nodes**: Filter by `service.instance.id` to compare behavior across nodes
+
+---
+
+_Next: [Design Decisions](./02-design-decisions.md)_ | _Back to: [Overview](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)_

OpenTelemetryPlan/02-design-decisions.md

@@ -0,0 +1,706 @@
+# Design Decisions
+
+> **Parent Document**: [OpenTelemetryPlan.md](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)
+> **Related**: [Architecture Analysis](./01-architecture-analysis.md) | [Code Samples](./04-code-samples.md)
+
+---
+
+## 2.1 OpenTelemetry Components
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+### 2.1.1 SDK Selection
+
+**Primary Choice**: OpenTelemetry C++ SDK (`opentelemetry-cpp`)
+
+| Component                               | Purpose                | Required    |
+| --------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ----------- |
+| `opentelemetry-cpp::api`                | Tracing API headers    | Yes         |
+| `opentelemetry-cpp::sdk`                | SDK implementation     | Yes         |
+| `opentelemetry-cpp::ext`                | Extensions (exporters) | Yes         |
+| `opentelemetry-cpp::otlp_grpc_exporter` | OTLP/gRPC export       | Recommended |
+| `opentelemetry-cpp::otlp_http_exporter` | OTLP/HTTP export       | Alternative |
+
+### 2.1.2 Instrumentation Strategy
+
+**Manual Instrumentation** (recommended):
+
+| Approach   | Pros                                                            | Cons                                                    |
+| ---------- | --------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Manual** | Precise control, optimized placement, xrpld-specific attributes | More development effort                                 |
+| **Auto**   | Less code, automatic coverage                                   | Less control, potential overhead, limited customization |
+
+---
+
+## 2.2 Exporter Configuration
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph nodes["xrpld Nodes"]
+        node1["xrpld<br/>Node 1"]
+        node2["xrpld<br/>Node 2"]
+        node3["xrpld<br/>Node 3"]
+    end
+
+    collector["OpenTelemetry<br/>Collector<br/>(sidecar or standalone)"]
+
+    subgraph backends["Observability Backends"]
+        tempo["Tempo"]
+        elastic["Elastic<br/>APM"]
+    end
+
+    node1 -->|"OTLP/gRPC<br/>:4317"| collector
+    node2 -->|"OTLP/gRPC<br/>:4317"| collector
+    node3 -->|"OTLP/gRPC<br/>:4317"| collector
+
+    collector --> tempo
+    collector --> elastic
+
+    style nodes fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#ffffff
+    style backends fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#ffffff
+    style collector fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#ffffff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **xrpld Nodes (blue)**: The source of telemetry data. Each xrpld node exports spans via OTLP/gRPC on port 4317.
+- **OpenTelemetry Collector (red)**: The central aggregation point that receives spans from all nodes. Can run as a sidecar (per-node) or standalone (shared). Handles batching, filtering, and routing.
+- **Observability Backends (green)**: The storage and visualization destinations. Tempo is the recommended backend for both development and production, and Elastic APM is an alternative. The Collector routes to one or more backends.
+- **Arrows (nodes to collector to backends)**: The data pipeline -- spans flow from nodes to the Collector over gRPC, then the Collector fans out to the configured backends.
+
+### 2.2.1 OTLP/gRPC (Recommended)
+
+```cpp
+// Configuration for OTLP over gRPC
+namespace otlp = opentelemetry::exporter::otlp;
+
+otlp::OtlpGrpcExporterOptions opts;
+opts.endpoint = "localhost:4317";
+opts.useTls = true;
+opts.sslCaCertPath = "/path/to/ca.crt";
+```
+
+### 2.2.2 OTLP/HTTP (Alternative)
+
+```cpp
+// Configuration for OTLP over HTTP
+namespace otlp = opentelemetry::exporter::otlp;
+
+otlp::OtlpHttpExporterOptions opts;
+opts.url = "http://localhost:4318/v1/traces";
+opts.content_type = otlp::HttpRequestContentType::kJson;  // or kBinary
+```
+
+---
+
+## 2.3 Span Naming Conventions
+
+> **TxQ** = Transaction Queue | **UNL** = Unique Node List | **WS** = WebSocket
+
+### 2.3.1 Naming Schema
+
+```
+<component>.<operation>[.<sub-operation>]
+```
+
+**Examples**:
+
+- `tx.receive` - Transaction received from peer
+- `consensus.phase.establish` - Consensus establish phase
+- `rpc.command.server_info` - server_info RPC command
+
+### 2.3.2 Complete Span Catalog
+
+```yaml
+# Transaction Spans
+tx:
+  receive: "Transaction received from network"
+  validate: "Transaction signature/format validation"
+  process: "Full transaction processing"
+  relay: "Transaction relay to peers"
+  apply: "Apply transaction to ledger"
+
+# Consensus Spans
+consensus:
+  round: "Complete consensus round"
+  phase:
+    open: "Open phase - collecting transactions"
+    establish: "Establish phase - reaching agreement"
+    accept: "Accept phase - applying consensus"
+  proposal:
+    receive: "Receive peer proposal"
+    send: "Send our proposal"
+  validation:
+    receive: "Receive peer validation"
+    send: "Send our validation"
+
+# RPC Spans
+rpc:
+  request: "HTTP/WebSocket request handling"
+  command:
+    "*": "Specific RPC command (dynamic)"
+
+# Peer Spans
+peer:
+  connect: "Peer connection establishment"
+  disconnect: "Peer disconnection"
+  message:
+    send: "Send protocol message"
+    receive: "Receive protocol message"
+
+# Ledger Spans
+ledger:
+  acquire: "Ledger acquisition from network"
+  build: "Build new ledger"
+  validate: "Ledger validation"
+  close: "Close ledger"
+  replay: "Ledger replay executed"
+  delta: "Delta-based ledger acquired"
+
+# PathFinding Spans
+pathfind:
+  request: "Path request initiated"
+  compute: "Path computation executed"
+
+# TxQ Spans
+txq:
+  enqueue: "Transaction queued"
+  apply: "Queued transaction applied"
+
+# Fee/Load Spans
+fee:
+  escalate: "Fee escalation triggered"
+
+# Validator Spans
+validator:
+  list:
+    fetch: "UNL list fetched"
+  manifest: "Manifest update processed"
+
+# Amendment Spans
+amendment:
+  vote: "Amendment voting executed"
+
+# SHAMap Spans
+shamap:
+  sync: "State tree synchronization"
+
+# Job Spans
+job:
+  enqueue: "Job added to queue"
+  execute: "Job execution"
+```
+
+---
+
+## 2.4 Attribute Schema
+
+> **TxQ** = Transaction Queue | **UNL** = Unique Node List | **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+### 2.4.1 Resource Attributes (Set Once at Startup)
+
+```cpp
+// Standard OpenTelemetry semantic conventions
+resource::SemanticConventions::SERVICE_NAME        = "xrpld"
+resource::SemanticConventions::SERVICE_VERSION     = BuildInfo::getVersionString()
+resource::SemanticConventions::SERVICE_INSTANCE_ID = <node_public_key_base58>
+
+// Custom xrpld attributes
+"xrpl.network.id"      = <network_id>           // e.g., 0 for mainnet
+"xrpl.network.type"    = "mainnet" | "testnet" | "devnet" | "standalone"
+"xrpl.node.type"       = "validator" | "stock" | "reporting"
+"xrpl.node.cluster"    = <cluster_name>         // If clustered
+```
+
+### 2.4.2 Span Attributes by Category
+
+#### Transaction Attributes
+
+```cpp
+"xrpl.tx.hash"         = string   // Transaction hash (hex)
+"xrpl.tx.type"         = string   // "Payment", "OfferCreate", etc.
+"xrpl.tx.account"      = string   // Source account (redacted in prod)
+"xrpl.tx.sequence"     = int64    // Account sequence number
+"xrpl.tx.fee"          = int64    // Fee in drops
+"xrpl.tx.result"       = string   // "tesSUCCESS", "tecPATH_DRY", etc.
+"xrpl.tx.ledger_index" = int64    // Ledger containing transaction
+```
+
+#### Consensus Attributes
+
+```cpp
+"xrpl.consensus.round"          = int64    // Round number
+"xrpl.consensus.phase"          = string   // "open", "establish", "accept"
+"xrpl.consensus.mode"           = string   // "proposing", "observing", etc.
+"xrpl.consensus.proposers"      = int64    // Number of proposers
+"xrpl.consensus.ledger.prev"    = string   // Previous ledger hash
+"xrpl.consensus.ledger.seq"     = int64    // Ledger sequence
+"xrpl.consensus.tx_count"       = int64    // Transactions in consensus set
+"xrpl.consensus.duration_ms"    = float64  // Round duration
+
+// Phase 4a: Establish-phase gap fill & cross-node correlation
+"xrpl.consensus.round_id"          = int64    // Consensus round number
+"xrpl.consensus.ledger_id"         = string   // previousLedger.id() — shared across nodes
+"xrpl.consensus.trace_strategy"    = string   // "deterministic" or "attribute"
+"xrpl.consensus.converge_percent"  = int64    // Convergence % (0-100+)
+"xrpl.consensus.establish_count"   = int64    // Number of establish iterations
+"xrpl.consensus.disputes_count"    = int64    // Active disputed transactions
+"xrpl.consensus.proposers_agreed"  = int64    // Peers agreeing with our position
+"xrpl.consensus.proposers_total"   = int64    // Total peer positions
+"xrpl.consensus.agree_count"       = int64    // Peers that agree (haveConsensus)
+"xrpl.consensus.disagree_count"    = int64    // Peers that disagree
+"xrpl.consensus.threshold_percent" = int64    // Close-time consensus threshold (avCT_CONSENSUS_PCT = 75%)
+"xrpl.consensus.result"            = string   // "yes", "no", "moved_on", "expired"
+"xrpl.consensus.mode.old"          = string   // Previous consensus mode
+"xrpl.consensus.mode.new"          = string   // New consensus mode
+```
+
+#### RPC Attributes
+
+```cpp
+"xrpl.rpc.command"     = string   // Command name
+"xrpl.rpc.version"     = int64    // API version
+"xrpl.rpc.role"        = string   // "admin" or "user"
+"xrpl.rpc.params"      = string   // Sanitized parameters (optional)
+```
+
+#### Peer & Message Attributes
+
+```cpp
+"xrpl.peer.id"            = string   // Peer public key (base58)
+"xrpl.peer.address"       = string   // IP:port
+"xrpl.peer.latency_ms"    = float64  // Measured latency
+"xrpl.peer.cluster"       = string   // Cluster name if clustered
+"xrpl.message.type"       = string   // Protocol message type name
+"xrpl.message.size_bytes" = int64    // Message size
+"xrpl.message.compressed" = bool     // Whether compressed
+```
+
+#### Ledger & Job Attributes
+
+```cpp
+"xrpl.ledger.hash"       = string   // Ledger hash
+"xrpl.ledger.index"      = int64    // Ledger sequence/index
+"xrpl.ledger.close_time" = int64    // Close time (epoch)
+"xrpl.ledger.tx_count"   = int64    // Transaction count
+"xrpl.job.type"          = string   // Job type name
+"xrpl.job.queue_ms"      = float64  // Time spent in queue
+"xrpl.job.worker"        = int64    // Worker thread ID
+```
+
+#### PathFinding Attributes
+
+```cpp
+"xrpl.pathfind.source_currency"  = string   // Source currency code
+"xrpl.pathfind.dest_currency"    = string   // Destination currency code
+"xrpl.pathfind.path_count"       = int64    // Number of paths found
+"xrpl.pathfind.cache_hit"        = bool     // RippleLineCache hit
+```
+
+#### TxQ Attributes
+
+```cpp
+"xrpl.txq.queue_depth"      = int64    // Current queue depth
+"xrpl.txq.fee_level"        = int64    // Fee level of transaction
+"xrpl.txq.eviction_reason"  = string   // Why transaction was evicted
+```
+
+#### Fee Attributes
+
+```cpp
+"xrpl.fee.load_factor"      = int64    // Current load factor
+"xrpl.fee.escalation_level" = int64    // Fee escalation multiplier
+```
+
+#### Validator Attributes
+
+```cpp
+"xrpl.validator.list_size"    = int64    // UNL size
+"xrpl.validator.list_age_sec" = int64    // Seconds since last update
+```
+
+#### Amendment Attributes
+
+```cpp
+"xrpl.amendment.name"         = string   // Amendment name
+"xrpl.amendment.status"       = string   // "enabled", "vetoed", "supported"
+```
+
+#### SHAMap Attributes
+
+```cpp
+"xrpl.shamap.type"            = string   // "transaction", "state", "account_state"
+"xrpl.shamap.missing_nodes"   = int64    // Number of missing nodes during sync
+"xrpl.shamap.duration_ms"     = float64  // Sync duration
+```
+
+### 2.4.3 Data Collection Summary
+
+The following table summarizes what data is collected by category:
+
+| Category        | Attributes Collected                                                   | Purpose                      |
+| --------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------- |
+| **Transaction** | `tx.hash`, `tx.type`, `tx.result`, `tx.fee`, `ledger_index`            | Trace transaction lifecycle  |
+| **Consensus**   | `round`, `phase`, `mode`, `proposers` (public keys), `duration_ms`     | Analyze consensus timing     |
+| **RPC**         | `command`, `version`, `status`, `duration_ms`                          | Monitor RPC performance      |
+| **Peer**        | `peer.id` (public key), `latency_ms`, `message.type`, `message.size`   | Network topology analysis    |
+| **Ledger**      | `ledger.hash`, `ledger.index`, `close_time`, `tx_count`                | Ledger progression tracking  |
+| **Job**         | `job.type`, `queue_ms`, `worker`                                       | JobQueue performance         |
+| **PathFinding** | `pathfind.source_currency`, `dest_currency`, `path_count`, `cache_hit` | Payment path analysis        |
+| **TxQ**         | `txq.queue_depth`, `fee_level`, `eviction_reason`                      | Queue depth and fee tracking |
+| **Fee**         | `fee.load_factor`, `escalation_level`                                  | Fee escalation monitoring    |
+| **Validator**   | `validator.list_size`, `list_age_sec`                                  | UNL health monitoring        |
+| **Amendment**   | `amendment.name`, `status`                                             | Protocol upgrade tracking    |
+| **SHAMap**      | `shamap.type`, `missing_nodes`, `duration_ms`                          | State tree sync performance  |
+
+### 2.4.4 Privacy & Sensitive Data Policy
+
+> **PII** = Personally Identifiable Information
+
+OpenTelemetry instrumentation is designed to collect **operational metadata only**, never sensitive content.
+
+#### Data NOT Collected
+
+The following data is explicitly **excluded** from telemetry collection:
+
+| Excluded Data           | Reason                                    |
+| ----------------------- | ----------------------------------------- |
+| **Private Keys**        | Never exposed; not relevant to tracing    |
+| **Account Balances**    | Financial data; privacy sensitive         |
+| **Transaction Amounts** | Financial data; privacy sensitive         |
+| **Raw TX Payloads**     | May contain sensitive memo/data fields    |
+| **Personal Data**       | No PII collected                          |
+| **IP Addresses**        | Configurable; excluded by default in prod |
+
+#### Privacy Protection Mechanisms
+
+| Mechanism                     | Description                                                               |
+| ----------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Account Hashing**           | `xrpl.tx.account` is hashed at collector level before storage             |
+| **Configurable Redaction**    | Sensitive fields can be excluded via `[telemetry]` config section         |
+| **Sampling**                  | Only 10% of traces recorded by default, reducing data exposure            |
+| **Local Control**             | Node operators have full control over what gets exported                  |
+| **No Raw Payloads**           | Transaction content is never recorded, only metadata (hash, type, result) |
+| **Collector-Level Filtering** | Additional redaction/hashing can be configured at OTel Collector          |
+
+#### Collector-Level Data Protection
+
+The OpenTelemetry Collector can be configured to hash or redact sensitive attributes before export:
+
+```yaml
+processors:
+  attributes:
+    actions:
+      # Hash account addresses before storage
+      - key: xrpl.tx.account
+        action: hash
+      # Remove IP addresses entirely
+      - key: xrpl.peer.address
+        action: delete
+      # Redact specific fields
+      - key: xrpl.rpc.params
+        action: delete
+```
+
+#### Configuration Options for Privacy
+
+In `xrpld.cfg`, operators can control data collection granularity:
+
+```ini
+[telemetry]
+enabled=1
+
+# Disable collection of specific components
+trace_transactions=1
+trace_consensus=1
+trace_rpc=1
+trace_peer=0          # Disable peer tracing (high volume, includes addresses)
+
+# Redact specific attributes
+redact_account=1      # Hash account addresses before export
+redact_peer_address=1 # Remove peer IP addresses
+```
+
+> **Note**: The `redact_account` configuration in `xrpld.cfg` controls SDK-level redaction before export, while collector-level filtering (see [Collector-Level Data Protection](#collector-level-data-protection) above) provides an additional defense-in-depth layer. Both can operate independently.
+
+> **Key Principle**: Telemetry collects **operational metadata** (timing, counts, hashes) — never **sensitive content** (keys, balances, amounts, raw payloads).
+
+---
+
+## 2.5 Context Propagation Design
+
+> **WS** = WebSocket
+
+### 2.5.0 Deterministic Trace ID Strategy
+
+Both transaction and consensus tracing use **deterministic trace IDs** derived from
+a globally known hash, so all nodes handling the same workflow independently produce
+spans under the same `trace_id`. This is combined with protobuf `span_id` propagation
+for parent-child relay ordering when available.
+
+#### Transactions — `trace_id = txHash[0:16]`
+
+Every node that handles a transaction knows its `txID` (the `uint256` transaction
+hash). The first 16 bytes of this hash are used as the OTel `trace_id`:
+
+```
+uint256 txHash:  A1B2C3D4 E5F6A7B8 C9D0E1F2 A3B4C5D6  E7F8A9B0 C1D2E3F4 A5B6C7D8 E9F0A1B2
+                 |---------- trace_id (16 bytes) ---------|  (remaining 16 bytes unused)
+```
+
+Each node generates a **random 8-byte `span_id`** so its span is unique within the
+shared trace. When protobuf `TraceContext` is present in the incoming `TMTransaction`,
+the sender's `span_id` is extracted and used as the parent — preserving the relay
+chain as a parent-child tree. When absent (older peers, first hop from client), the
+span appears as a root in the same trace — correlation is preserved, only the tree
+structure degrades.
+
+```
+Node A (submitter)        Node B (relay)          Node C (relay)
+trace_id: A1B2...         trace_id: A1B2...       trace_id: A1B2...
+span_id:  1234 (random)   span_id:  5678 (random) span_id:  9ABC (random)
+parent:   (none)          parent:   1234 (proto)   parent:   5678 (proto)
+                               ↑                        ↑
+                       protobuf propagation      protobuf propagation
+```
+
+If protobuf propagation fails at Node B (old peer):
+
+```
+Node A                    Node B (old peer)       Node C
+trace_id: A1B2...         trace_id: A1B2...       trace_id: A1B2...
+span_id:  1234            span_id:  5678          span_id:  9ABC
+parent:   (none)          parent:   (none)        parent:   5678 (proto)
+                          ↑ no parent, but same trace_id — still grouped
+```
+
+#### Consensus — `trace_id = prevLedgerHash[0:16]`
+
+All validators in the same consensus round share the same `previousLedger.id()`.
+The first 16 bytes are used as trace_id. See [Phase 4a implementation status](./06-implementation-phases.md)
+and `createDeterministicContext()` in `RCLConsensus.cpp` for the implementation.
+
+Switchable via `consensus_trace_strategy` config:
+`"deterministic"` (default) or `"attribute"` (random trace_id, correlation via attribute queries).
+
+#### Why Not Random IDs with Propagation Only?
+
+Random trace IDs require **unbroken context propagation** across every hop. In a
+mixed-version network (common during upgrades), older peers silently drop the
+`trace_context` protobuf field. The trace splits and downstream spans become
+impossible to find. Deterministic IDs make correlation **propagation-resilient** — the trace
+backend groups all spans for the same transaction/round regardless of whether
+propagation succeeded.
+
+#### Why Keep Protobuf Propagation?
+
+Deterministic trace IDs alone provide correlation (all spans grouped) but not
+**causality** (which node relayed to which). Protobuf `span_id` propagation adds
+parent-child ordering that shows the exact relay path. The two mechanisms complement
+each other:
+
+| Mechanism                    | Provides                    | Fails when                             |
+| ---------------------------- | --------------------------- | -------------------------------------- |
+| Deterministic trace_id       | Cross-node correlation      | Never (hash is always known)           |
+| Protobuf span_id propagation | Parent-child relay ordering | Older peer drops `trace_context` field |
+
+#### Implementation Reference
+
+The utility function `createDeterministicTxContext(uint256 const& txHash)` follows
+the same pattern as `createDeterministicContext(uint256 const& ledgerId)` in
+`RCLConsensus.cpp`. See [Phase 3 Task 3.9](./Phase3_taskList.md) for the full spec.
+
+### 2.5.1 Propagation Boundaries
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph http["HTTP/WebSocket (RPC)"]
+        w3c["W3C Trace Context Headers:<br/>traceparent:<br/>00-trace_id-span_id-flags<br/>tracestate: xrpld=..."]
+    end
+
+    subgraph protobuf["Protocol Buffers (P2P)"]
+        proto["message TraceContext {<br/>  bytes trace_id = 1;  // 16 bytes<br/>  bytes span_id = 2;   // 8 bytes<br/>  uint32 trace_flags = 3;<br/>  string trace_state = 4;<br/>}"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph jobqueue["JobQueue (Internal Async)"]
+        job["Context captured at job creation,<br/>restored at execution<br/><br/>class Job {<br/>  otel::context::Context<br/>    traceContext_;<br/>};"]
+    end
+
+    style http fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#ffffff
+    style protobuf fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#ffffff
+    style jobqueue fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#ffffff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **HTTP/WebSocket - RPC (blue)**: For client-facing RPC requests, trace context is propagated using the W3C `traceparent` header. This is the standard approach and works with any OTel-compatible client.
+- **Protocol Buffers - P2P (green)**: For peer-to-peer messages between xrpld nodes, trace context is embedded as a protobuf `TraceContext` message carrying trace_id, span_id, flags, and optional trace_state.
+- **JobQueue - Internal Async (red)**: For asynchronous work within a single node, the OTel context is captured when a job is created and restored when the job executes on a worker thread. This bridges the async gap so spans remain linked.
+
+---
+
+## 2.6 Integration with Existing Observability
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol | **WS** = WebSocket
+
+### 2.6.1 Existing Frameworks Comparison
+
+xrpld already has two observability mechanisms. OpenTelemetry complements (not replaces) them:
+
+| Aspect                | PerfLog                       | Beast Insight (StatsD)       | OpenTelemetry             |
+| --------------------- | ----------------------------- | ---------------------------- | ------------------------- |
+| **Type**              | Logging                       | Metrics                      | Distributed Tracing       |
+| **Data**              | JSON log entries              | Counters, gauges, histograms | Spans with context        |
+| **Scope**             | Single node                   | Single node                  | **Cross-node**            |
+| **Output**            | `perf.log` file               | StatsD server                | OTLP Collector            |
+| **Question answered** | "What happened on this node?" | "How many? How fast?"        | "What was the journey?"   |
+| **Correlation**       | By timestamp                  | By metric name               | By `trace_id`             |
+| **Overhead**          | Low (file I/O)                | Low (UDP packets)            | Low-Medium (configurable) |
+
+### 2.6.2 What Each Framework Does Best
+
+#### PerfLog
+
+- **Purpose**: Detailed local event logging for RPC and job execution
+- **Strengths**:
+  - Rich JSON output with timing data
+  - Already integrated in RPC handlers
+  - File-based, no external dependencies
+- **Limitations**:
+  - Single-node only (no cross-node correlation)
+  - No parent-child relationships between events
+  - Manual log parsing required
+
+```json
+// Example PerfLog entry
+{
+  "time": "2024-01-15T10:30:00.123Z",
+  "method": "submit",
+  "duration_us": 1523,
+  "result": "tesSUCCESS"
+}
+```
+
+#### Beast Insight (StatsD)
+
+- **Purpose**: Real-time metrics for monitoring dashboards
+- **Strengths**:
+  - Aggregated metrics (counters, gauges, histograms)
+  - Low overhead (UDP, fire-and-forget)
+  - Good for alerting thresholds
+- **Limitations**:
+  - No request-level detail
+  - No causal relationships
+  - Single-node perspective
+
+```cpp
+// Example StatsD usage in xrpld
+insight.increment("rpc.submit.count");
+insight.gauge("ledger.age", age);
+insight.timing("consensus.round", duration);
+```
+
+#### OpenTelemetry (NEW)
+
+- **Purpose**: Distributed request tracing across nodes
+- **Strengths**:
+  - **Cross-node correlation** via `trace_id`
+  - Parent-child span relationships
+  - Rich attributes per span
+  - Industry standard (CNCF)
+- **Limitations**:
+  - Requires collector infrastructure
+  - Higher complexity than logging
+
+```cpp
+// Example OpenTelemetry span
+auto span = telemetry.startSpan("tx.relay");
+span->SetAttribute("tx.hash", hash);
+span->SetAttribute("peer.id", peerId);
+// Span automatically linked to parent via context
+```
+
+### 2.6.3 When to Use Each
+
+| Scenario                                | PerfLog    | StatsD | OpenTelemetry |
+| --------------------------------------- | ---------- | ------ | ------------- |
+| "How many TXs per second?"              | ❌         | ✅     | ✅            |
+| "What's the p99 RPC latency?"           | ❌         | ✅     | ✅            |
+| "Why was this specific TX slow?"        | ⚠️ partial | ❌     | ✅            |
+| "Which node delayed consensus?"         | ❌         | ❌     | ✅            |
+| "What happened on node X at time T?"    | ✅         | ❌     | ✅            |
+| "Show me the TX journey across 5 nodes" | ❌         | ❌     | ✅            |
+
+### 2.6.4 Coexistence Strategy
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph xrpld["xrpld Process"]
+        perflog["PerfLog<br/>(JSON to file)"]
+        insight["Beast Insight<br/>(StatsD)"]
+        otel["OpenTelemetry<br/>(Tracing)"]
+    end
+
+    perflog --> perffile["perf.log"]
+    insight --> statsd["StatsD Server"]
+    otel --> collector["OTLP Collector"]
+
+    perffile --> grafana["Grafana<br/>(Unified UI)"]
+    statsd --> grafana
+    collector --> grafana
+
+    style xrpld fill:#212121,stroke:#0a0a0a,color:#ffffff
+    style grafana fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#ffffff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **xrpld Process (dark gray)**: The single xrpld node running all three observability frameworks side by side. Each framework operates independently with no interference.
+- **PerfLog to perf.log**: PerfLog writes JSON-formatted event logs to a local file. Grafana can ingest these via Loki or a file-based datasource.
+- **Beast Insight to StatsD Server**: Insight sends aggregated metrics (counters, gauges) over UDP to a StatsD server. Grafana reads from StatsD-compatible backends like Graphite or Prometheus (via StatsD exporter).
+- **OpenTelemetry to OTLP Collector**: OTel exports spans over OTLP/gRPC to a Collector, which then forwards to a trace backend (Tempo).
+- **Grafana (red, unified UI)**: All three data streams converge in Grafana, enabling operators to correlate logs, metrics, and traces in a single dashboard.
+
+### 2.6.5 Correlation with PerfLog
+
+Trace IDs can be correlated with existing PerfLog entries for comprehensive debugging:
+
+```cpp
+// In RPCHandler.cpp - correlate trace with PerfLog
+Status doCommand(RPC::JsonContext& context, Json::Value& result)
+{
+    // Start OpenTelemetry span
+    auto span = context.app.getTelemetry().startSpan(
+        "rpc.command." + context.method);
+
+    // Get trace ID for correlation
+    auto traceId = span->GetContext().trace_id().IsValid()
+        ? toHex(span->GetContext().trace_id())
+        : "";
+
+    // Use existing PerfLog with trace correlation
+    auto const curId = context.app.getPerfLog().currentId();
+    context.app.getPerfLog().rpcStart(context.method, curId);
+
+    // Future: Add trace ID to PerfLog entry
+    // context.app.getPerfLog().setTraceId(curId, traceId);
+
+    try {
+        auto ret = handler(context, result);
+        context.app.getPerfLog().rpcFinish(context.method, curId);
+        span->SetStatus(opentelemetry::trace::StatusCode::kOk);
+        return ret;
+    } catch (std::exception const& e) {
+        context.app.getPerfLog().rpcError(context.method, curId);
+        span->RecordException(e);
+        span->SetStatus(opentelemetry::trace::StatusCode::kError, e.what());
+        throw;
+    }
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+_Previous: [Architecture Analysis](./01-architecture-analysis.md)_ | _Next: [Implementation Strategy](./03-implementation-strategy.md)_ | _Back to: [Overview](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)_

OpenTelemetryPlan/03-implementation-strategy.md

@@ -0,0 +1,530 @@
+# Implementation Strategy
+
+> **Parent Document**: [OpenTelemetryPlan.md](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)
+> **Related**: [Code Samples](./04-code-samples.md) | [Configuration Reference](./05-configuration-reference.md)
+
+---
+
+## 3.1 Directory Structure
+
+The telemetry implementation follows xrpld's existing code organization pattern:
+
+```
+include/xrpl/
+├── telemetry/
+│   ├── Telemetry.h              # Main telemetry interface (global singleton)
+│   ├── TelemetryConfig.h        # Configuration structures
+│   ├── TraceContext.h           # Context propagation utilities
+│   ├── SpanGuard.h              # RAII span management with factory methods + discard()
+│   ├── DiscardFlag.h            # Thread-local discard flag
+│   └── SpanAttributes.h         # Attribute helper functions
+
+src/libxrpl/
+├── telemetry/
+│   ├── Telemetry.cpp            # Implementation + FilteringSpanProcessor
+│   ├── TelemetryConfig.cpp      # Config parsing
+│   ├── TraceContext.cpp         # Context serialization
+│   └── NullTelemetry.cpp        # No-op implementation
+```
+
+---
+
+## 3.2 Implementation Approach
+
+<div align="center">
+
+```mermaid
+%%{init: {'flowchart': {'nodeSpacing': 20, 'rankSpacing': 30}}}%%
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph phase1["Phase 1: Core"]
+        direction LR
+        sdk["SDK Integration"] ~~~ interface["Telemetry Interface"] ~~~ config["Configuration"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph phase2["Phase 2: RPC"]
+        direction LR
+        http["HTTP Context"] ~~~ rpc["RPC Handlers"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph phase3["Phase 3: P2P"]
+        direction LR
+        proto["Protobuf Context"] ~~~ tx["Transaction Relay"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph phase4["Phase 4: Consensus"]
+        direction LR
+        consensus["Consensus Rounds"] ~~~ proposals["Proposals"]
+    end
+
+    phase1 --> phase2 --> phase3 --> phase4
+
+    style phase1 fill:#1565c0,stroke:#0d47a1,color:#ffffff
+    style phase2 fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#ffffff
+    style phase3 fill:#e65100,stroke:#bf360c,color:#ffffff
+    style phase4 fill:#c2185b,stroke:#880e4f,color:#ffffff
+```
+
+</div>
+
+### Key Principles
+
+1. **Minimal Intrusion**: Instrumentation should not alter existing control flow
+2. **Zero-Cost When Disabled**: Use compile-time flags and no-op implementations
+3. **Backward Compatibility**: Protocol Buffer extensions use high field numbers
+4. **Graceful Degradation**: Tracing failures must not affect node operation
+
+---
+
+## 3.3 Performance Overhead Summary
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+| Metric        | Overhead   | Notes                                            |
+| ------------- | ---------- | ------------------------------------------------ |
+| CPU           | 1-3%       | Of per-transaction CPU cost (~200μs baseline)    |
+| Memory        | ~10 MB     | SDK statics + batch buffer + worker thread stack |
+| Network       | 10-50 KB/s | Compressed OTLP export to collector              |
+| Latency (p99) | <2%        | With proper sampling configuration               |
+
+---
+
+## 3.4 Detailed CPU Overhead Analysis
+
+### 3.4.1 Per-Operation Costs
+
+> **Note on hardware assumptions**: The costs below are based on the official OTel C++ SDK CI benchmarks
+> (969 runs on GitHub Actions 2-core shared runners). On production server hardware (3+ GHz Xeon),
+> expect costs at the **lower end** of each range (~30-50% improvement over CI hardware).
+
+| Operation             | Time (ns) | Frequency              | Impact     |
+| --------------------- | --------- | ---------------------- | ---------- |
+| Span creation         | 500-1000  | Every traced operation | Low        |
+| Span end              | 100-200   | Every traced operation | Low        |
+| SetAttribute (string) | 80-120    | 3-5 per span           | Low        |
+| SetAttribute (int)    | 40-60     | 2-3 per span           | Negligible |
+| AddEvent              | 100-200   | 0-2 per span           | Low        |
+| Context injection     | 150-250   | Per outgoing message   | Low        |
+| Context extraction    | 100-180   | Per incoming message   | Low        |
+| GetCurrent context    | 10-20     | Thread-local access    | Negligible |
+
+**Source**: Span creation based on OTel C++ SDK `BM_SpanCreation` benchmark (AlwaysOnSampler +
+SimpleSpanProcessor + InMemoryExporter), median ~1,000 ns on CI hardware. AddEvent includes
+timestamp read + string copy + vector push + mutex acquisition. Context injection/extraction
+confirmed by `BM_SpanCreationWithScope` benchmark delta (~160 ns).
+
+### 3.4.2 Transaction Processing Overhead
+
+<div align="center">
+
+```mermaid
+%%{init: {'pie': {'textPosition': 0.75}}}%%
+pie showData
+    "tx.receive (1400ns)" : 1400
+    "tx.validate (1200ns)" : 1200
+    "tx.relay (1200ns)" : 1200
+    "Context inject (200ns)" : 200
+```
+
+**Transaction Tracing Overhead (~4.0μs total)**
+
+</div>
+
+**Overhead percentage**: 4.0 μs / 200 μs (avg tx processing) = **~2.0%**
+
+> **Breakdown**: Each span (tx.receive, tx.validate, tx.relay) costs ~1,000 ns for creation plus
+> ~200-400 ns for 3-5 attribute sets. Context injection is ~200 ns (confirmed by benchmarks).
+> On production hardware, expect ~2.6 μs total (~1.3% overhead) due to faster span creation (~500-600 ns).
+
+### 3.4.3 Consensus Round Overhead
+
+| Operation              | Count | Cost (ns) | Total      |
+| ---------------------- | ----- | --------- | ---------- |
+| consensus.round span   | 1     | ~1200     | ~1.2 μs    |
+| consensus.phase spans  | 3     | ~1100     | ~3.3 μs    |
+| proposal.receive spans | ~20   | ~1100     | ~22 μs     |
+| proposal.send spans    | ~3    | ~1100     | ~3.3 μs    |
+| Context operations     | ~30   | ~200      | ~6 μs      |
+| **TOTAL**              |       |           | **~36 μs** |
+
+> **Why higher**: Each span costs ~1,000 ns creation + ~100-200 ns for 1-2 attributes, totaling ~1,100-1,200 ns.
+> Context operations remain ~200 ns (confirmed by benchmarks). On production hardware, expect ~24 μs total.
+
+**Overhead percentage**: 36 μs / 3s (typical round) = **~0.001%** (negligible)
+
+### 3.4.4 RPC Request Overhead
+
+| Operation        | Cost (ns)    |
+| ---------------- | ------------ |
+| rpc.request span | ~1200        |
+| rpc.command span | ~1100        |
+| Context extract  | ~250         |
+| Context inject   | ~200         |
+| **TOTAL**        | **~2.75 μs** |
+
+> **Why higher**: Each span costs ~1,000 ns creation + ~100-200 ns for attributes (command name,
+> version, role). Context extract/inject costs are confirmed by OTel C++ benchmarks.
+
+- Fast RPC (1ms): 2.75 μs / 1ms = **~0.275%**
+- Slow RPC (100ms): 2.75 μs / 100ms = **~0.003%**
+
+---
+
+## 3.5 Memory Overhead Analysis
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+### 3.5.1 Static Memory
+
+| Component                            | Size        | Allocated  |
+| ------------------------------------ | ----------- | ---------- |
+| TracerProvider singleton             | ~64 KB      | At startup |
+| BatchSpanProcessor (circular buffer) | ~16 KB      | At startup |
+| BatchSpanProcessor (worker thread)   | ~8 MB       | At startup |
+| OTLP exporter (gRPC channel init)    | ~256 KB     | At startup |
+| Propagator registry                  | ~8 KB       | At startup |
+| **Total static**                     | **~8.3 MB** |            |
+
+> **Why higher than earlier estimate**: The BatchSpanProcessor's circular buffer itself is only ~16 KB
+> (2049 x 8-byte `AtomicUniquePtr` entries), but it spawns a dedicated worker thread whose default
+> stack size on Linux is ~8 MB. The OTLP gRPC exporter allocates memory for channel stubs and TLS
+> initialization. The worker thread stack dominates the static footprint.
+
+### 3.5.2 Dynamic Memory
+
+| Component            | Size per unit  | Max units  | Peak            |
+| -------------------- | -------------- | ---------- | --------------- |
+| Active span          | ~500-800 bytes | 1000       | ~500-800 KB     |
+| Queued span (export) | ~500 bytes     | 2048       | ~1 MB           |
+| Attribute storage    | ~80 bytes      | 5 per span | Included        |
+| Context storage      | ~64 bytes      | Per thread | ~6.4 KB         |
+| **Total dynamic**    |                |            | **~1.5-1.8 MB** |
+
+> **Why active spans are larger**: An active `Span` object includes the wrapper (~88 bytes: shared_ptr,
+> mutex, unique_ptr to Recordable) plus `SpanData` (~250 bytes: SpanContext, timestamps, name, status,
+> empty containers) plus attribute storage (~200-500 bytes for 3-5 string attributes in a `std::map`).
+> Source: `sdk/src/trace/span.h` and `sdk/include/opentelemetry/sdk/trace/span_data.h`.
+> Queued spans release the wrapper, keeping only `SpanData` + attributes (~500 bytes).
+
+### 3.5.3 Memory Growth Characteristics
+
+```mermaid
+---
+config:
+    xyChart:
+        width: 700
+        height: 400
+---
+xychart-beta
+    title "Memory Usage vs Span Rate (bounded by queue limit)"
+    x-axis "Spans/second" [0, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000]
+    y-axis "Memory (MB)" 0 --> 12
+    line [8.5, 9.2, 9.6, 9.9, 10.0, 10.0]
+```
+
+**Notes**:
+
+- Memory increases with span rate but **plateaus at queue capacity** (default 2048 spans)
+- Batch export prevents unbounded growth
+- At queue limit, oldest spans are dropped (not blocked)
+- Maximum memory is bounded: ~8.3 MB static (dominated by worker thread stack) + 2048 queued spans x ~500 bytes (~1 MB) + active spans (~0.8 MB) ≈ **~10 MB ceiling**
+- The worker thread stack (~8 MB) is virtual memory; actual RSS depends on stack usage (typically much less)
+
+### 3.5.4 Performance Data Sources
+
+The overhead estimates in Sections 3.3-3.5 are derived from the following sources:
+
+| Source                                           | What it covers                                        | URL                                                                                                                                        |
+| ------------------------------------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
+| OTel C++ SDK CI benchmarks (969 runs)            | Span creation, context activation, sampler overhead   | [Benchmark Dashboard](https://open-telemetry.github.io/opentelemetry-cpp/benchmarks/)                                                      |
+| `api/test/trace/span_benchmark.cc`               | API-level span creation (~22 ns no-op)                | [Source](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-cpp/blob/main/api/test/trace/span_benchmark.cc)                                   |
+| `sdk/test/trace/sampler_benchmark.cc`            | SDK span creation with samplers (~1,000 ns AlwaysOn)  | [Source](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-cpp/blob/main/sdk/test/trace/sampler_benchmark.cc)                                |
+| `sdk/include/.../span_data.h`                    | SpanData memory layout (~250 bytes base)              | [Source](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-cpp/blob/main/sdk/include/opentelemetry/sdk/trace/span_data.h)                    |
+| `sdk/src/trace/span.h`                           | Span wrapper memory layout (~88 bytes)                | [Source](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-cpp/blob/main/sdk/src/trace/span.h)                                               |
+| `sdk/include/.../batch_span_processor_options.h` | Default queue size (2048), batch size (512)           | [Source](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-cpp/blob/main/sdk/include/opentelemetry/sdk/trace/batch_span_processor_options.h) |
+| `sdk/include/.../circular_buffer.h`              | CircularBuffer implementation (AtomicUniquePtr array) | [Source](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-cpp/blob/main/sdk/include/opentelemetry/sdk/common/circular_buffer.h)             |
+| OTLP proto definition                            | Serialized span size estimation                       | [Proto](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-proto/blob/main/opentelemetry/proto/trace/v1/trace.proto)                          |
+
+---
+
+## 3.6 Network Overhead Analysis
+
+### 3.6.1 Export Bandwidth
+
+> **Bytes per span**: Estimates use ~500 bytes/span (conservative upper bound). OTLP protobuf analysis
+> shows a typical span with 3-5 string attributes serializes to ~200-300 bytes raw; with gzip
+> compression (~60-70% of raw) and batching (amortized headers), ~350 bytes/span is more realistic.
+> The table uses the conservative estimate for capacity planning.
+
+| Sampling Rate | Spans/sec | Bandwidth | Notes            |
+| ------------- | --------- | --------- | ---------------- |
+| 100%          | ~500      | ~250 KB/s | Development only |
+| 10%           | ~50       | ~25 KB/s  | Staging          |
+| 1%            | ~5        | ~2.5 KB/s | Production       |
+| Error-only    | ~1        | ~0.5 KB/s | Minimal overhead |
+
+### 3.6.2 Trace Context Propagation
+
+| Message Type           | Context Size | Messages/sec | Overhead    |
+| ---------------------- | ------------ | ------------ | ----------- |
+| TMTransaction          | 25 bytes     | ~100         | ~2.5 KB/s   |
+| TMProposeSet           | 25 bytes     | ~10          | ~250 B/s    |
+| TMValidation           | 25 bytes     | ~50          | ~1.25 KB/s  |
+| **Total P2P overhead** |              |              | **~4 KB/s** |
+
+---
+
+## 3.7 Optimization Strategies
+
+### 3.7.1 Sampling Strategies
+
+#### Tail Sampling
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TD
+    trace["New Trace"]
+
+    trace --> errors{"Is Error?"}
+    errors -->|Yes| sample["SAMPLE"]
+    errors -->|No| consensus{"Is Consensus?"}
+
+    consensus -->|Yes| sample
+    consensus -->|No| slow{"Is Slow?"}
+
+    slow -->|Yes| sample
+    slow -->|No| prob{"Random < 10%?"}
+
+    prob -->|Yes| sample
+    prob -->|No| drop["DROP"]
+
+    style sample fill:#4caf50,stroke:#388e3c,color:#fff
+    style drop fill:#f44336,stroke:#c62828,color:#fff
+```
+
+### 3.7.2 Batch Tuning Recommendations
+
+| Environment        | Batch Size | Batch Delay | Max Queue |
+| ------------------ | ---------- | ----------- | --------- |
+| Low-latency        | 128        | 1000ms      | 512       |
+| High-throughput    | 1024       | 10000ms     | 8192      |
+| Memory-constrained | 256        | 2000ms      | 512       |
+
+### 3.7.3 Conditional Instrumentation
+
+SpanGuard's static factory methods handle both compile-time and runtime
+checks internally. When `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY` is not defined, the
+entire SpanGuard class compiles to a no-op stub with empty method bodies.
+When it is defined, the factory methods check the global Telemetry
+instance and the relevant component filter before creating a span:
+
+```cpp
+// SpanGuard factory methods handle all conditional logic internally.
+// When XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY is not defined, these are no-ops.
+// When defined, they check Telemetry::getInstance() and the
+// component filter (e.g. shouldTracePeer()) at runtime.
+auto span = telemetry::SpanGuard::peerSpan("peer.message.receive");
+span.setAttribute("xrpl.peer.id", peerId);
+// No overhead when telemetry is disabled at compile time or runtime
+```
+
+---
+
+## 3.8 Links to Detailed Documentation
+
+- **[Code Samples](./04-code-samples.md)**: Complete implementation code for all components
+- **[Configuration Reference](./05-configuration-reference.md)**: Configuration options and collector setup
+- **[Implementation Phases](./06-implementation-phases.md)**: Detailed timeline and milestones
+
+---
+
+## 3.9 Code Intrusiveness Assessment
+
+> **TxQ** = Transaction Queue
+
+This section provides a detailed assessment of how intrusive the OpenTelemetry integration is to the existing xrpld codebase.
+
+### 3.9.1 Files Modified Summary
+
+| Component             | Files Modified | Lines Added | Lines Changed | Architectural Impact |
+| --------------------- | -------------- | ----------- | ------------- | -------------------- |
+| **Core Telemetry**    | 7 new files    | ~800        | 0             | None (new module)    |
+| **Application Init**  | 2 files        | ~30         | ~5            | Minimal              |
+| **RPC Layer**         | 3 files        | ~80         | ~20           | Minimal              |
+| **Transaction Relay** | 4 files        | ~120        | ~40           | Low                  |
+| **Consensus**         | 3 files        | ~100        | ~30           | Low-Medium           |
+| **Protocol Buffers**  | 1 file         | ~25         | 0             | Low                  |
+| **CMake/Build**       | 3 files        | ~50         | ~10           | Minimal              |
+| **PathFinding**       | 2              | ~80         | ~5            | Minimal              |
+| **TxQ/Fee**           | 2              | ~60         | ~5            | Minimal              |
+| **Validator/Amend**   | 3              | ~40         | ~5            | Minimal              |
+| **Total**             | **~27 files**  | **~1,490**  | **~120**      | **Low**              |
+
+### 3.9.2 Detailed File Impact
+
+```mermaid
+pie title Code Changes by Component
+    "New Telemetry Module" : 800
+    "Transaction Relay" : 160
+    "Consensus" : 130
+    "RPC Layer" : 100
+    "PathFinding" : 80
+    "TxQ/Fee" : 60
+    "Validator/Amendment" : 40
+    "Application Init" : 35
+    "Protocol Buffers" : 25
+    "Build System" : 60
+```
+
+#### New Files (No Impact on Existing Code)
+
+| File                                        | Lines | Purpose                                               |
+| ------------------------------------------- | ----- | ----------------------------------------------------- |
+| `include/xrpl/telemetry/Telemetry.h`        | ~160  | Main interface (global singleton)                     |
+| `include/xrpl/telemetry/SpanGuard.h`        | ~250  | RAII wrapper + factory methods + discard + no-op stub |
+| `include/xrpl/telemetry/DiscardFlag.h`      | ~28   | Thread-local discard flag                             |
+| `include/xrpl/telemetry/TraceContext.h`     | ~80   | Context propagation                                   |
+| `src/libxrpl/telemetry/Telemetry.cpp`       | ~400  | Implementation + FilteringSpanProcessor               |
+| `src/libxrpl/telemetry/TelemetryConfig.cpp` | ~60   | Config parsing                                        |
+| `src/libxrpl/telemetry/NullTelemetry.cpp`   | ~40   | No-op implementation                                  |
+
+#### Modified Files (Existing Xrpld Code)
+
+| File                                              | Lines Added | Lines Changed | Risk Level |
+| ------------------------------------------------- | ----------- | ------------- | ---------- |
+| `src/xrpld/app/main/Application.cpp`              | ~15         | ~3            | Low        |
+| `include/xrpl/core/ServiceRegistry.h`             | ~5          | ~2            | Low        |
+| `src/xrpld/rpc/detail/ServerHandler.cpp`          | ~40         | ~10           | Low        |
+| `src/xrpld/rpc/handlers/*.cpp`                    | ~30         | ~8            | Low        |
+| `src/xrpld/overlay/detail/PeerImp.cpp`            | ~60         | ~15           | Medium     |
+| `src/xrpld/overlay/detail/OverlayImpl.cpp`        | ~30         | ~10           | Medium     |
+| `src/xrpld/app/consensus/RCLConsensus.cpp`        | ~50         | ~15           | Medium     |
+| `src/xrpld/app/consensus/RCLConsensusAdaptor.cpp` | ~40         | ~12           | Medium     |
+| `src/xrpld/core/JobQueue.cpp`                     | ~20         | ~5            | Low        |
+| `src/xrpld/app/paths/PathRequest.cpp`             | ~40         | ~3            | Low        |
+| `src/xrpld/app/paths/Pathfinder.cpp`              | ~40         | ~2            | Low        |
+| `src/xrpld/app/misc/TxQ.cpp`                      | ~40         | ~3            | Low        |
+| `src/xrpld/app/main/LoadManager.cpp`              | ~20         | ~2            | Low        |
+| `src/xrpld/app/misc/ValidatorList.cpp`            | ~20         | ~2            | Low        |
+| `src/xrpld/app/misc/AmendmentTable.cpp`           | ~10         | ~2            | Low        |
+| `src/xrpld/app/misc/Manifest.cpp`                 | ~10         | ~1            | Low        |
+| `src/xrpld/shamap/SHAMap.cpp`                     | ~20         | ~3            | Low        |
+| `src/xrpld/overlay/detail/ripple.proto`           | ~25         | 0             | Low        |
+| `CMakeLists.txt`                                  | ~40         | ~8            | Low        |
+| `cmake/FindOpenTelemetry.cmake`                   | ~50         | 0             | None (new) |
+
+### 3.9.3 Risk Assessment by Component
+
+<div align="center">
+
+**Do First** ↖ ↗ **Plan Carefully**
+
+```mermaid
+quadrantChart
+    title Code Intrusiveness Risk Matrix
+    x-axis Low Risk --> High Risk
+    y-axis Low Value --> High Value
+
+    RPC Tracing: [0.2, 0.55]
+    Transaction Relay: [0.55, 0.85]
+    Consensus Tracing: [0.75, 0.92]
+    Peer Message Tracing: [0.85, 0.35]
+    JobQueue Context: [0.3, 0.42]
+    Ledger Acquisition: [0.48, 0.65]
+    PathFinding: [0.38, 0.72]
+    TxQ and Fees: [0.25, 0.62]
+    Validator Mgmt: [0.15, 0.35]
+```
+
+**Optional** ↙ ↘ **Avoid**
+
+</div>
+
+#### Risk Level Definitions
+
+| Risk Level | Definition                                                       | Mitigation                         |
+| ---------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------- |
+| **Low**    | Additive changes only; no modification to existing logic         | Standard code review               |
+| **Medium** | Minor modifications to existing functions; clear boundaries      | Comprehensive unit tests           |
+| **High**   | Changes to core logic or data structures; potential side effects | Integration tests + staged rollout |
+
+### 3.9.4 Architectural Impact Assessment
+
+| Aspect               | Impact  | Justification                                                                    |
+| -------------------- | ------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Data Flow**        | Minimal | Read-only instrumentation; no modification to consensus or transaction data flow |
+| **Threading Model**  | Minimal | Context propagation uses thread-local storage (standard OTel pattern)            |
+| **Memory Model**     | Low     | Bounded queues prevent unbounded growth; RAII ensures cleanup                    |
+| **Network Protocol** | Low     | Optional fields in protobuf (high field numbers); backward compatible            |
+| **Configuration**    | None    | New config section; existing configs unaffected                                  |
+| **Build System**     | Low     | Optional CMake flag; builds work without OpenTelemetry                           |
+| **Dependencies**     | Low     | OpenTelemetry SDK is optional; null implementation when disabled                 |
+
+### 3.9.5 Backward Compatibility
+
+| Compatibility   | Status  | Notes                                                 |
+| --------------- | ------- | ----------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Config File** | ✅ Full | New `[telemetry]` section is optional                 |
+| **Protocol**    | ✅ Full | Optional protobuf fields with high field numbers      |
+| **Build**       | ✅ Full | `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=OFF` produces identical binary |
+| **Runtime**     | ✅ Full | `enabled=0` produces zero overhead                    |
+| **API**         | ✅ Full | No changes to public RPC or P2P APIs                  |
+
+### 3.9.6 Rollback Strategy
+
+If issues are discovered after deployment:
+
+1. **Immediate**: Set `enabled=0` in config and restart (zero code change)
+2. **Quick**: Rebuild with `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=OFF`
+3. **Complete**: Revert telemetry commits (clean separation makes this easy)
+
+### 3.9.7 Code Change Examples
+
+**Minimal RPC Instrumentation (Low Intrusiveness):**
+
+```cpp
+// Before
+void ServerHandler::onRequest(...) {
+    auto result = processRequest(req);
+    send(result);
+}
+
+// After (only ~4 lines added)
+void ServerHandler::onRequest(...) {
+    auto span = telemetry::SpanGuard::rpcSpan("rpc.request");   // +1 line
+    span.setAttribute("xrpl.rpc.command", command);              // +1 line
+
+    auto result = processRequest(req);
+
+    span.setAttribute("xrpl.rpc.status", status);                // +1 line
+    send(result);
+}
+```
+
+SpanGuard factory methods (`rpcSpan`, `txSpan`, `consensusSpan`, etc.)
+access the global `Telemetry` instance internally and check the relevant
+component filter (`shouldTraceRpc()`, etc.) before creating a span. The
+public SpanGuard header has zero `opentelemetry/` includes -- all OTel
+types are hidden behind the pimpl idiom.
+
+**Consensus Instrumentation (Medium Intrusiveness):**
+
+```cpp
+// Before
+void RCLConsensusAdaptor::startRound(...) {
+    // ... existing logic
+}
+
+// After (context storage required)
+void RCLConsensusAdaptor::startRound(...) {
+    auto span = telemetry::SpanGuard::consensusSpan("consensus.round");
+    span.setAttribute("xrpl.consensus.ledger.seq", seq);
+
+    // Store context for child spans in phase transitions
+    currentRoundContext_ = span.context();  // New member variable
+
+    // ... existing logic unchanged
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+_Previous: [Design Decisions](./02-design-decisions.md)_ | _Next: [Code Samples](./04-code-samples.md)_ | _Back to: [Overview](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)_

OpenTelemetryPlan/05-configuration-reference.md

@@ -0,0 +1,974 @@
+# Configuration Reference
+
+> **Parent Document**: [OpenTelemetryPlan.md](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)
+> **Related**: [Code Samples](./04-code-samples.md) | [Implementation Phases](./06-implementation-phases.md)
+
+---
+
+## 5.1 xrpld Configuration
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol | **TxQ** = Transaction Queue
+
+### 5.1.1 Configuration File Section
+
+Add to `cfg/xrpld-example.cfg`:
+
+```ini
+# ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+# TELEMETRY (OpenTelemetry Distributed Tracing)
+# ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+#
+# Enables distributed tracing for transaction flow, consensus, and RPC calls.
+# Traces are exported to an OpenTelemetry Collector using OTLP protocol.
+#
+# [telemetry]
+#
+# # Enable/disable telemetry (default: 0 = disabled)
+# enabled=1
+#
+# # Exporter type: "otlp_grpc" (default), "otlp_http", or "none"
+# exporter=otlp_grpc
+#
+# # OTLP endpoint (default: localhost:4317 for gRPC, localhost:4318 for HTTP)
+# endpoint=localhost:4317
+#
+# # Use TLS for exporter connection (default: 0)
+# use_tls=0
+#
+# # Path to CA certificate for TLS (optional)
+# # tls_ca_cert=/path/to/ca.crt
+#
+# # Sampling ratio: 0.0-1.0 (default: 1.0 = 100% sampling)
+# # Use lower values in production to reduce overhead
+# # Default: 1.0 (all traces). For production deployments with high
+# # throughput, 0.1 (10%) is recommended to reduce overhead.
+# # See Section 7.4.2 for sampling strategy details.
+# sampling_ratio=0.1
+#
+# # Batch processor settings
+# batch_size=512           # Spans per batch (default: 512)
+# batch_delay_ms=5000      # Max delay before sending batch (default: 5000)
+# max_queue_size=2048      # Max queued spans (default: 2048)
+#
+# # Component-specific tracing (default: all enabled except peer)
+# trace_transactions=1     # Transaction relay and processing
+# trace_consensus=1        # Consensus rounds and proposals
+# trace_rpc=1              # RPC request handling
+# trace_peer=0             # Peer messages (high volume, disabled by default)
+# trace_ledger=1           # Ledger acquisition and building
+# trace_pathfind=1         # Path computation (can be expensive)
+# trace_txq=1              # Transaction queue and fee escalation
+# trace_validator=0        # Validator list and manifest updates (low volume)
+# trace_amendment=0        # Amendment voting (very low volume)
+#
+# # Trace ID strategies for cross-node correlation
+# # "deterministic" (default) derives trace_id from a workflow hash
+# #   (txHash for transactions, prevLedgerHash for consensus) so all nodes
+# #   produce spans under the same trace_id for the same workflow.
+# # "attribute" uses random trace_id; correlation via attribute queries.
+# tx_trace_strategy=deterministic
+# consensus_trace_strategy=deterministic
+#
+# # Service identification (automatically detected if not specified)
+# # service_name=xrpld
+# # service_instance_id=<node_public_key>
+
+[telemetry]
+enabled=0
+```
+
+### 5.1.2 Configuration Options Summary
+
+| Option                     | Type   | Default           | Description                                                                                                |
+| -------------------------- | ------ | ----------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `enabled`                  | bool   | `false`           | Enable/disable telemetry                                                                                   |
+| `exporter`                 | string | `"otlp_grpc"`     | Exporter type: otlp_grpc, otlp_http, none                                                                  |
+| `endpoint`                 | string | `localhost:4317`  | OTLP collector endpoint                                                                                    |
+| `use_tls`                  | bool   | `false`           | Enable TLS for exporter connection                                                                         |
+| `tls_ca_cert`              | string | `""`              | Path to CA certificate file                                                                                |
+| `sampling_ratio`           | float  | `1.0`             | Sampling ratio (0.0-1.0)                                                                                   |
+| `batch_size`               | uint   | `512`             | Spans per export batch                                                                                     |
+| `batch_delay_ms`           | uint   | `5000`            | Max delay before sending batch (ms)                                                                        |
+| `max_queue_size`           | uint   | `2048`            | Maximum queued spans                                                                                       |
+| `trace_transactions`       | bool   | `true`            | Enable transaction tracing                                                                                 |
+| `trace_consensus`          | bool   | `true`            | Enable consensus tracing                                                                                   |
+| `trace_rpc`                | bool   | `true`            | Enable RPC tracing                                                                                         |
+| `trace_peer`               | bool   | `false`           | Enable peer message tracing (high volume)                                                                  |
+| `trace_ledger`             | bool   | `true`            | Enable ledger tracing                                                                                      |
+| `trace_pathfind`           | bool   | `true`            | Enable path computation tracing                                                                            |
+| `trace_txq`                | bool   | `true`            | Enable transaction queue tracing                                                                           |
+| `trace_validator`          | bool   | `false`           | Enable validator list/manifest tracing                                                                     |
+| `trace_amendment`          | bool   | `false`           | Enable amendment voting tracing                                                                            |
+| `tx_trace_strategy`        | string | `"deterministic"` | TX trace ID strategy: `"deterministic"` (trace_id = txHash[0:16]) or `"attribute"` (random)                |
+| `consensus_trace_strategy` | string | `"deterministic"` | Consensus trace ID strategy: `"deterministic"` (trace_id = prevLedgerHash[0:16]) or `"attribute"` (random) |
+| `service_name`             | string | `"xrpld"`         | Service name for traces                                                                                    |
+| `service_instance_id`      | string | `<node_pubkey>`   | Instance identifier                                                                                        |
+
+---
+
+## 5.2 Configuration Parser
+
+> **TxQ** = Transaction Queue
+
+```cpp
+// src/libxrpl/telemetry/TelemetryConfig.cpp
+
+#include <xrpl/telemetry/Telemetry.h>
+#include <xrpl/basics/Log.h>
+
+namespace xrpl {
+namespace telemetry {
+
+Telemetry::Setup
+setup_Telemetry(
+    Section const& section,
+    std::string const& nodePublicKey,
+    std::string const& version)
+{
+    Telemetry::Setup setup;
+
+    // Basic settings
+    setup.enabled = section.value_or("enabled", false);
+    setup.serviceName = section.value_or("service_name", "xrpld");
+    setup.serviceVersion = version;
+    setup.serviceInstanceId = section.value_or(
+        "service_instance_id", nodePublicKey);
+
+    // Exporter settings
+    setup.exporterType = section.value_or("exporter", "otlp_grpc");
+
+    if (setup.exporterType == "otlp_grpc")
+        setup.exporterEndpoint = section.value_or("endpoint", "localhost:4317");
+    else if (setup.exporterType == "otlp_http")
+        setup.exporterEndpoint = section.value_or("endpoint", "localhost:4318");
+
+    setup.useTls = section.value_or("use_tls", false);
+    setup.tlsCertPath = section.value_or("tls_ca_cert", "");
+
+    // Sampling
+    setup.samplingRatio = section.value_or("sampling_ratio", 1.0);
+    if (setup.samplingRatio < 0.0 || setup.samplingRatio > 1.0)
+    {
+        Throw<std::runtime_error>(
+            "telemetry.sampling_ratio must be between 0.0 and 1.0");
+    }
+
+    // Batch processor
+    setup.batchSize = section.value_or("batch_size", 512u);
+    setup.batchDelay = std::chrono::milliseconds{
+        section.value_or("batch_delay_ms", 5000u)};
+    setup.maxQueueSize = section.value_or("max_queue_size", 2048u);
+
+    // Component filtering
+    setup.traceTransactions = section.value_or("trace_transactions", true);
+    setup.traceConsensus = section.value_or("trace_consensus", true);
+    setup.traceRpc = section.value_or("trace_rpc", true);
+    setup.tracePeer = section.value_or("trace_peer", false);
+    setup.traceLedger = section.value_or("trace_ledger", true);
+    setup.tracePathfind = section.value_or("trace_pathfind", true);
+    setup.traceTxQ = section.value_or("trace_txq", true);
+    setup.traceValidator = section.value_or("trace_validator", false);
+    setup.traceAmendment = section.value_or("trace_amendment", false);
+
+    return setup;
+}
+
+} // namespace telemetry
+} // namespace xrpl
+```
+
+---
+
+## 5.3 Application Integration
+
+### 5.3.1 ApplicationImp Changes
+
+> **Deferred identity**: The node public key (`nodeIdentity_`) is not
+> available during `ApplicationImp`'s member initializer list — it is
+> resolved later in `setup()`. The `Telemetry` object is therefore
+> constructed with an empty `serviceInstanceId` and patched via
+> `setServiceInstanceId()` once `setup()` has called `getNodeIdentity()`.
+
+```cpp
+// src/xrpld/app/main/Application.cpp (modified)
+
+#include <xrpl/telemetry/Telemetry.h>
+
+class ApplicationImp : public Application, public BasicApp
+{
+    // ... existing members (perfLog_, etc.) ...
+
+    // Telemetry — constructed in the member initializer list with
+    // an empty serviceInstanceId, patched in setup().
+    std::unique_ptr<telemetry::Telemetry> telemetry_;
+
+    // Member initializer list (excerpt):
+    // ...
+    // , telemetry_(
+    //       telemetry::make_Telemetry(
+    //           telemetry::setup_Telemetry(
+    //               config_->section("telemetry"),
+    //               "",  // Updated later via setServiceInstanceId()
+    //               BuildInfo::getVersionString()),
+    //           logs_->journal("Telemetry")))
+    // ...
+
+    bool setup(...) override
+    {
+        // ... existing setup code ...
+
+        nodeIdentity_ = getNodeIdentity(*this, cmdline);
+
+        // Inject node identity into telemetry resource attributes,
+        // unless the user already set a custom service_instance_id.
+        if (!config_->section("telemetry").exists("service_instance_id"))
+            telemetry_->setServiceInstanceId(
+                toBase58(TokenType::NodePublic, nodeIdentity_->first));
+
+        // ... rest of setup ...
+    }
+
+    void start(bool withTimers) override
+    {
+        // ... existing start code ...
+        telemetry_->start();
+    }
+
+    void run() override
+    {
+        // ... existing run/shutdown code ...
+        telemetry_->stop();
+    }
+
+    telemetry::Telemetry&
+    getTelemetry() override
+    {
+        return *telemetry_;
+    }
+};
+```
+
+### 5.3.2 ServiceRegistry Interface Addition
+
+```cpp
+// include/xrpl/core/ServiceRegistry.h (modified)
+
+namespace telemetry {
+class Telemetry;
+}  // namespace telemetry
+
+class ServiceRegistry
+{
+public:
+    // ... existing virtual methods ...
+
+    /** Get the telemetry system for distributed tracing. */
+    virtual telemetry::Telemetry&
+    getTelemetry() = 0;
+};
+```
+
+> **Note:** `Application` extends `ServiceRegistry`, so `getTelemetry()` is
+> available on both. Components that hold a `ServiceRegistry&` (e.g.
+> `NetworkOPsImp`) call `registry_.get().getTelemetry()`. Components that
+> still hold an `Application&` (e.g. `ServerHandler`, `PeerImp`,
+> `RCLConsensusAdaptor`) call `app_.getTelemetry()` directly.
+
+---
+
+## 5.4 CMake Integration
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+### 5.4.1 Find OpenTelemetry Module
+
+```cmake
+# cmake/FindOpenTelemetry.cmake
+
+# Find OpenTelemetry C++ SDK
+#
+# This module defines:
+#   OpenTelemetry_FOUND - System has OpenTelemetry
+#   OpenTelemetry::api - API library target
+#   OpenTelemetry::sdk - SDK library target
+#   OpenTelemetry::otlp_grpc_exporter - OTLP gRPC exporter target
+#   OpenTelemetry::otlp_http_exporter - OTLP HTTP exporter target
+
+find_package(opentelemetry-cpp CONFIG QUIET)
+
+if(opentelemetry-cpp_FOUND)
+    set(OpenTelemetry_FOUND TRUE)
+
+    # Create imported targets if not already created by config
+    if(NOT TARGET OpenTelemetry::api)
+        add_library(OpenTelemetry::api ALIAS opentelemetry-cpp::api)
+    endif()
+    if(NOT TARGET OpenTelemetry::sdk)
+        add_library(OpenTelemetry::sdk ALIAS opentelemetry-cpp::sdk)
+    endif()
+    if(NOT TARGET OpenTelemetry::otlp_grpc_exporter)
+        add_library(OpenTelemetry::otlp_grpc_exporter ALIAS
+            opentelemetry-cpp::otlp_grpc_exporter)
+    endif()
+else()
+    # Try pkg-config fallback
+    find_package(PkgConfig QUIET)
+    if(PKG_CONFIG_FOUND)
+        pkg_check_modules(OTEL opentelemetry-cpp QUIET)
+        if(OTEL_FOUND)
+            set(OpenTelemetry_FOUND TRUE)
+            # Create imported targets from pkg-config
+            add_library(OpenTelemetry::api INTERFACE IMPORTED)
+            target_include_directories(OpenTelemetry::api INTERFACE
+                ${OTEL_INCLUDE_DIRS})
+        endif()
+    endif()
+endif()
+
+include(FindPackageHandleStandardArgs)
+find_package_handle_standard_args(OpenTelemetry
+    REQUIRED_VARS OpenTelemetry_FOUND)
+```
+
+### 5.4.2 CMakeLists.txt Changes
+
+```cmake
+# CMakeLists.txt (additions)
+
+# ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+# TELEMETRY OPTIONS
+# ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+option(XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY
+    "Enable OpenTelemetry distributed tracing support" OFF)
+
+if(XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY)
+    find_package(OpenTelemetry REQUIRED)
+
+    # Define compile-time flag
+    add_compile_definitions(XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY)
+
+    message(STATUS "OpenTelemetry tracing: ENABLED")
+else()
+    message(STATUS "OpenTelemetry tracing: DISABLED")
+endif()
+
+# ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+# TELEMETRY LIBRARY
+# ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+if(XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY)
+    add_library(xrpl_telemetry
+        src/libxrpl/telemetry/Telemetry.cpp
+        src/libxrpl/telemetry/TelemetryConfig.cpp
+        src/libxrpl/telemetry/TraceContext.cpp
+    )
+
+    target_include_directories(xrpl_telemetry
+        PUBLIC
+            ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include
+    )
+
+    target_link_libraries(xrpl_telemetry
+        PUBLIC
+            OpenTelemetry::api
+            OpenTelemetry::sdk
+            OpenTelemetry::otlp_grpc_exporter
+        PRIVATE
+            xrpl_basics
+    )
+
+    # Add to main library dependencies
+    target_link_libraries(xrpld PRIVATE xrpl_telemetry)
+else()
+    # Create null implementation library
+    add_library(xrpl_telemetry
+        src/libxrpl/telemetry/NullTelemetry.cpp
+    )
+    target_include_directories(xrpl_telemetry
+        PUBLIC ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include
+    )
+endif()
+```
+
+---
+
+## 5.5 OpenTelemetry Collector Configuration
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol | **APM** = Application Performance Monitoring
+
+### 5.5.1 Development Configuration
+
+```yaml
+# otel-collector-dev.yaml
+# Minimal configuration for local development
+
+receivers:
+  otlp:
+    protocols:
+      grpc:
+        endpoint: 0.0.0.0:4317
+      http:
+        endpoint: 0.0.0.0:4318
+
+processors:
+  batch:
+    timeout: 1s
+    send_batch_size: 100
+
+exporters:
+  # Console output for debugging
+  logging:
+    verbosity: detailed
+    sampling_initial: 5
+    sampling_thereafter: 200
+
+  # Tempo for trace storage
+  otlp/tempo:
+    endpoint: tempo:4317
+    tls:
+      insecure: true
+
+service:
+  pipelines:
+    traces:
+      receivers: [otlp]
+      processors: [batch]
+      exporters: [logging, otlp/tempo]
+```
+
+### 5.5.2 Production Configuration
+
+```yaml
+# otel-collector-prod.yaml
+# Production configuration with filtering, sampling, and multiple backends
+
+receivers:
+  otlp:
+    protocols:
+      grpc:
+        endpoint: 0.0.0.0:4317
+        tls:
+          cert_file: /etc/otel/server.crt
+          key_file: /etc/otel/server.key
+          ca_file: /etc/otel/ca.crt
+
+processors:
+  # Memory limiter to prevent OOM
+  memory_limiter:
+    check_interval: 1s
+    limit_mib: 1000
+    spike_limit_mib: 200
+
+  # Batch processing for efficiency
+  batch:
+    timeout: 5s
+    send_batch_size: 512
+    send_batch_max_size: 1024
+
+  # Tail-based sampling (keep errors and slow traces)
+  tail_sampling:
+    decision_wait: 10s
+    num_traces: 100000
+    expected_new_traces_per_sec: 1000
+    policies:
+      # Always keep error traces
+      - name: errors
+        type: status_code
+        status_code:
+          status_codes: [ERROR]
+      # Keep slow consensus rounds (>5s)
+      - name: slow-consensus
+        type: latency
+        latency:
+          threshold_ms: 5000
+      # Keep slow RPC requests (>1s)
+      - name: slow-rpc
+        type: and
+        and:
+          and_sub_policy:
+            - name: rpc-spans
+              type: string_attribute
+              string_attribute:
+                key: xrpl.rpc.command
+                values: [".*"]
+                enabled_regex_matching: true
+            - name: latency
+              type: latency
+              latency:
+                threshold_ms: 1000
+      # Probabilistic sampling for the rest
+      - name: probabilistic
+        type: probabilistic
+        probabilistic:
+          sampling_percentage: 10
+
+  # Attribute processing
+  attributes:
+    actions:
+      # Hash sensitive data
+      - key: xrpl.tx.account
+        action: hash
+      # Add deployment info
+      - key: deployment.environment
+        value: production
+        action: upsert
+
+exporters:
+  # Grafana Tempo for long-term storage
+  otlp/tempo:
+    endpoint: tempo.monitoring:4317
+    tls:
+      insecure: false
+      ca_file: /etc/otel/tempo-ca.crt
+
+  # Elastic APM for correlation with logs
+  otlp/elastic:
+    endpoint: apm.elastic:8200
+    headers:
+      Authorization: "Bearer ${ELASTIC_APM_TOKEN}"
+
+extensions:
+  health_check:
+    endpoint: 0.0.0.0:13133
+  zpages:
+    endpoint: 0.0.0.0:55679
+
+service:
+  extensions: [health_check, zpages]
+  pipelines:
+    traces:
+      receivers: [otlp]
+      processors: [memory_limiter, tail_sampling, attributes, batch]
+      exporters: [otlp/tempo, otlp/elastic]
+```
+
+---
+
+## 5.6 Docker Compose Development Environment
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+```yaml
+# docker-compose-telemetry.yaml
+version: "3.8"
+
+services:
+  # OpenTelemetry Collector
+  otel-collector:
+    image: otel/opentelemetry-collector-contrib:0.92.0
+    container_name: otel-collector
+    command: ["--config=/etc/otel-collector-config.yaml"]
+    volumes:
+      - ./otel-collector-dev.yaml:/etc/otel-collector-config.yaml:ro
+    ports:
+      - "4317:4317" # OTLP gRPC
+      - "4318:4318" # OTLP HTTP
+      - "13133:13133" # Health check
+    depends_on:
+      - tempo
+
+  # Tempo for trace storage
+  tempo:
+    image: grafana/tempo:2.6.1
+    container_name: tempo
+    ports:
+      - "3200:3200" # Tempo HTTP API
+      - "4317" # OTLP gRPC (internal)
+
+  # Grafana for dashboards
+  grafana:
+    image: grafana/grafana:10.2.3
+    container_name: grafana
+    environment:
+      - GF_AUTH_ANONYMOUS_ENABLED=true
+      - GF_AUTH_ANONYMOUS_ORG_ROLE=Admin
+    volumes:
+      - ./grafana/provisioning:/etc/grafana/provisioning:ro
+      - ./grafana/dashboards:/var/lib/grafana/dashboards:ro
+    ports:
+      - "3000:3000"
+    depends_on:
+      - tempo
+
+  # Prometheus for metrics (optional, for correlation)
+  prometheus:
+    image: prom/prometheus:v2.48.1
+    container_name: prometheus
+    volumes:
+      - ./prometheus.yaml:/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml:ro
+    ports:
+      - "9090:9090"
+
+networks:
+  default:
+    name: xrpld-telemetry
+```
+
+---
+
+## 5.7 Configuration Architecture
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph config["Configuration Sources"]
+        cfgFile["xrpld.cfg<br/>[telemetry] section"]
+        cmake["CMake<br/>XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph init["Initialization"]
+        parse["setup_Telemetry()"]
+        factory["make_Telemetry()"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph runtime["Runtime Components"]
+        tracer["TracerProvider"]
+        exporter["OTLP Exporter"]
+        processor["BatchProcessor"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph collector["Collector Pipeline"]
+        recv["Receivers"]
+        proc["Processors"]
+        exp["Exporters"]
+    end
+
+    cfgFile --> parse
+    cmake -->|"compile flag"| parse
+    parse --> factory
+    factory --> tracer
+    tracer --> processor
+    processor --> exporter
+    exporter -->|"OTLP"| recv
+    recv --> proc
+    proc --> exp
+
+    style config fill:#e3f2fd,stroke:#1976d2
+    style runtime fill:#e8f5e9,stroke:#388e3c
+    style collector fill:#fff3e0,stroke:#ff9800
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **Configuration Sources**: `xrpld.cfg` provides runtime settings (endpoint, sampling) while the CMake flag controls whether telemetry is compiled in at all.
+- **Initialization**: `setup_Telemetry()` parses config values, then `make_Telemetry()` constructs the provider, processor, and exporter objects.
+- **Runtime Components**: The `TracerProvider` creates spans, the `BatchProcessor` buffers them, and the `OTLP Exporter` serializes and sends them over the wire.
+- **OTLP arrow to Collector**: Trace data leaves the xrpld process via OTLP (gRPC or HTTP) and enters the external Collector pipeline.
+- **Collector Pipeline**: `Receivers` ingest OTLP data, `Processors` apply sampling/filtering/enrichment, and `Exporters` forward traces to storage backends (Tempo, etc.).
+
+---
+
+## 5.8 Grafana Integration
+
+> **APM** = Application Performance Monitoring
+
+Step-by-step instructions for integrating xrpld traces with Grafana.
+
+### 5.8.1 Data Source Configuration
+
+#### Tempo (Recommended)
+
+```yaml
+# grafana/provisioning/datasources/tempo.yaml
+apiVersion: 1
+
+datasources:
+  - name: Tempo
+    type: tempo
+    access: proxy
+    url: http://tempo:3200
+    jsonData:
+      httpMethod: GET
+      tracesToLogs:
+        datasourceUid: loki
+        tags: ["service.name", "xrpl.tx.hash"]
+        mappedTags: [{ key: "trace_id", value: "traceID" }]
+        mapTagNamesEnabled: true
+        filterByTraceID: true
+      serviceMap:
+        datasourceUid: prometheus
+      nodeGraph:
+        enabled: true
+      search:
+        hide: false
+      lokiSearch:
+        datasourceUid: loki
+```
+
+#### Elastic APM
+
+```yaml
+# grafana/provisioning/datasources/elastic-apm.yaml
+apiVersion: 1
+
+datasources:
+  - name: Elasticsearch-APM
+    type: elasticsearch
+    access: proxy
+    url: http://elasticsearch:9200
+    database: "apm-*"
+    jsonData:
+      esVersion: "8.0.0"
+      timeField: "@timestamp"
+      logMessageField: message
+      logLevelField: log.level
+```
+
+### 5.8.2 Dashboard Provisioning
+
+```yaml
+# grafana/provisioning/dashboards/dashboards.yaml
+apiVersion: 1
+
+providers:
+  - name: "xrpld-dashboards"
+    orgId: 1
+    folder: "xrpld"
+    folderUid: "xrpld"
+    type: file
+    disableDeletion: false
+    updateIntervalSeconds: 30
+    options:
+      path: /var/lib/grafana/dashboards/rippled
+```
+
+### 5.8.3 Example Dashboard: RPC Performance
+
+```json
+{
+  "title": "xrpld RPC Performance",
+  "uid": "xrpld-rpc-performance",
+  "panels": [
+    {
+      "title": "RPC Latency by Command",
+      "type": "heatmap",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\" && span.xrpl.rpc.command != \"\"} | histogram_over_time(duration) by (span.xrpl.rpc.command)"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 8, "w": 12, "x": 0, "y": 0 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "RPC Error Rate",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\" && status.code=error} | rate() by (span.xrpl.rpc.command)"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 8, "w": 12, "x": 12, "y": 0 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Top 10 Slowest RPC Commands",
+      "type": "table",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\" && span.xrpl.rpc.command != \"\"} | avg(duration) by (span.xrpl.rpc.command) | topk(10)"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 8, "w": 24, "x": 0, "y": 8 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Recent Traces",
+      "type": "table",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\"}"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 8, "w": 24, "x": 0, "y": 16 }
+    }
+  ]
+}
+```
+
+### 5.8.4 Example Dashboard: Transaction Tracing
+
+```json
+{
+  "title": "xrpld Transaction Tracing",
+  "uid": "xrpld-tx-tracing",
+  "panels": [
+    {
+      "title": "Transaction Throughput",
+      "type": "stat",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\" && name=\"tx.receive\"} | rate()"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 4, "w": 6, "x": 0, "y": 0 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Cross-Node Relay Count",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\" && name=\"tx.relay\"} | avg(span.xrpl.tx.relay_count)"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 8, "w": 12, "x": 0, "y": 4 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Transaction Validation Errors",
+      "type": "table",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\" && name=\"tx.validate\" && status.code=error}"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 8, "w": 12, "x": 12, "y": 4 }
+    }
+  ]
+}
+```
+
+### 5.8.5 TraceQL Query Examples
+
+Common queries for xrpld traces:
+
+```
+# Find all traces for a specific transaction hash
+{resource.service.name="xrpld" && span.xrpl.tx.hash="ABC123..."}
+
+# Find slow RPC commands (>100ms)
+{resource.service.name="xrpld" && name=~"rpc.command.*"} | duration > 100ms
+
+# Find consensus rounds taking >5 seconds
+{resource.service.name="xrpld" && name="consensus.round"} | duration > 5s
+
+# Find failed transactions with error details
+{resource.service.name="xrpld" && name="tx.validate" && status.code=error}
+
+# Find transactions relayed to many peers
+{resource.service.name="xrpld" && name="tx.relay"} | span.xrpl.tx.relay_count > 10
+
+# Compare latency across nodes
+{resource.service.name="xrpld" && name="rpc.command.account_info"} | avg(duration) by (resource.service.instance.id)
+```
+
+### 5.8.6 Correlation with PerfLog
+
+To correlate OpenTelemetry traces with existing PerfLog data:
+
+**Step 1: Configure Loki to ingest PerfLog**
+
+```yaml
+# promtail-config.yaml
+scrape_configs:
+  - job_name: xrpld-perflog
+    static_configs:
+      - targets:
+          - localhost
+        labels:
+          job: xrpld
+          __path__: /var/log/rippled/perf*.log
+    pipeline_stages:
+      - json:
+          expressions:
+            trace_id: trace_id
+            ledger_seq: ledger_seq
+            tx_hash: tx_hash
+      - labels:
+          trace_id:
+          ledger_seq:
+          tx_hash:
+```
+
+**Step 2: Add trace_id to PerfLog entries**
+
+Modify PerfLog to include trace_id when available:
+
+```cpp
+// In PerfLog output, add trace_id from current span context
+void logPerf(Json::Value& entry) {
+    auto span = opentelemetry::trace::GetSpan(
+        opentelemetry::context::RuntimeContext::GetCurrent());
+    if (span && span->GetContext().IsValid()) {
+        char traceIdHex[33];
+        span->GetContext().trace_id().ToLowerBase16(traceIdHex);
+        entry["trace_id"] = std::string(traceIdHex, 32);
+    }
+    // ... existing logging
+}
+```
+
+**Step 3: Configure Grafana trace-to-logs link**
+
+In Tempo data source configuration, set up the derived field:
+
+```yaml
+jsonData:
+  tracesToLogs:
+    datasourceUid: loki
+    tags: ["trace_id", "xrpl.tx.hash"]
+    filterByTraceID: true
+    filterBySpanID: false
+```
+
+### 5.8.7 Correlation with Insight/StatsD Metrics
+
+To correlate traces with existing Beast Insight metrics:
+
+**Step 1: Export Insight metrics to Prometheus**
+
+```yaml
+# prometheus.yaml
+scrape_configs:
+  - job_name: "xrpld-statsd"
+    static_configs:
+      - targets: ["statsd-exporter:9102"]
+```
+
+**Step 2: Add exemplars to metrics**
+
+OpenTelemetry SDK automatically adds exemplars (trace IDs) to metrics when using the Prometheus exporter. This links metrics spikes to specific traces.
+
+**Step 3: Configure Grafana metric-to-trace link**
+
+```yaml
+# In Prometheus data source
+jsonData:
+  exemplarTraceIdDestinations:
+    - name: trace_id
+      datasourceUid: tempo
+```
+
+**Step 4: Dashboard panel with exemplars**
+
+```json
+{
+  "title": "RPC Latency with Trace Links",
+  "type": "timeseries",
+  "datasource": "Prometheus",
+  "targets": [
+    {
+      "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.99, rate(xrpld_rpc_duration_seconds_bucket[5m]))",
+      "exemplar": true
+    }
+  ]
+}
+```
+
+This allows clicking on metric data points to jump directly to the related trace.
+
+---
+
+_Previous: [Code Samples](./04-code-samples.md)_ | _Next: [Implementation Phases](./06-implementation-phases.md)_ | _Back to: [Overview](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)_

OpenTelemetryPlan/06-implementation-phases.md

@@ -0,0 +1,742 @@
+# Implementation Phases
+
+> **Parent Document**: [OpenTelemetryPlan.md](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)
+> **Related**: [Configuration Reference](./05-configuration-reference.md) | [Observability Backends](./07-observability-backends.md)
+
+---
+
+## 6.1 Phase Overview
+
+> **TxQ** = Transaction Queue
+
+```mermaid
+gantt
+    title OpenTelemetry Implementation Timeline
+    dateFormat  YYYY-MM-DD
+    axisFormat  Week %W
+
+    section Phase 1
+    Core Infrastructure        :p1, 2024-01-01, 2w
+    SDK Integration           :p1a, 2024-01-01, 4d
+    Telemetry Interface       :p1b, after p1a, 3d
+    Configuration & CMake     :p1c, after p1b, 3d
+    Unit Tests                :p1d, after p1c, 2d
+    Buffer & Integration      :p1e, after p1d, 2d
+
+    section Phase 2
+    RPC Tracing               :p2, after p1, 2w
+    HTTP Context Extraction   :p2a, after p1, 2d
+    RPC Handler Instrumentation :p2b, after p2a, 4d
+    PathFinding Instrumentation :p2f, after p2b, 2d
+    TxQ Instrumentation       :p2g, after p2f, 2d
+    WebSocket Support         :p2c, after p2g, 2d
+    Integration Tests         :p2d, after p2c, 2d
+    Buffer & Review           :p2e, after p2d, 4d
+
+    section Phase 3
+    Transaction Tracing       :p3, after p2, 2w
+    Protocol Buffer Extension :p3a, after p2, 2d
+    PeerImp Instrumentation   :p3b, after p3a, 3d
+    Fee Escalation Instrumentation :p3f, after p3b, 2d
+    Relay Context Propagation :p3c, after p3f, 3d
+    Multi-node Tests          :p3d, after p3c, 2d
+    Buffer & Review           :p3e, after p3d, 4d
+
+    section Phase 4
+    Consensus Tracing         :p4, after p3, 2w
+    Consensus Round Spans     :p4a, after p3, 3d
+    Proposal Handling         :p4b, after p4a, 3d
+    Establish Phase (4a)      :p4f, after p4b, 3d
+    Validation Tests          :p4c, after p4f, 4d
+    Buffer & Review           :p4e, after p4c, 4d
+
+    section Phase 5
+    Documentation & Deploy    :p5, after p4, 1w
+```
+
+---
+
+## 6.2 Phase 1: Core Infrastructure (Weeks 1-2)
+
+**Objective**: Establish foundational telemetry infrastructure
+
+### Tasks
+
+| Task | Description                                           |
+| ---- | ----------------------------------------------------- |
+| 1.1  | Add OpenTelemetry C++ SDK to Conan/CMake              |
+| 1.2  | Implement `Telemetry` interface and factory           |
+| 1.3  | Implement `SpanGuard` RAII wrapper                    |
+| 1.4  | Implement configuration parser                        |
+| 1.5  | Integrate into `ApplicationImp`                       |
+| 1.6  | Add conditional compilation (`XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY`) |
+| 1.7  | Create `NullTelemetry` no-op implementation           |
+| 1.8  | Unit tests for core infrastructure                    |
+
+### Exit Criteria
+
+- [ ] OpenTelemetry SDK compiles and links
+- [ ] Telemetry can be enabled/disabled via config
+- [ ] Basic span creation works
+- [ ] No performance regression when disabled
+- [ ] Unit tests passing
+
+---
+
+## 6.3 Phase 2: RPC Tracing (Weeks 3-4)
+
+> **TxQ** = Transaction Queue
+
+**Objective**: Complete tracing for all RPC operations
+
+### Tasks
+
+| Task | Description                                                                |
+| ---- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| 2.1  | Implement W3C Trace Context HTTP header extraction                         |
+| 2.2  | Instrument `ServerHandler::onRequest()`                                    |
+| 2.3  | Instrument `RPCHandler::doCommand()`                                       |
+| 2.4  | Add RPC-specific attributes                                                |
+| 2.5  | Instrument WebSocket handler                                               |
+| 2.6  | PathFinding instrumentation (`pathfind.request`, `pathfind.compute` spans) |
+| 2.7  | TxQ instrumentation (`txq.enqueue`, `txq.apply` spans)                     |
+| 2.8  | Integration tests for RPC tracing                                          |
+| 2.9  | Performance benchmarks                                                     |
+| 2.10 | Documentation                                                              |
+
+### Exit Criteria
+
+- [ ] All RPC commands traced
+- [ ] Trace context propagates from HTTP headers
+- [ ] WebSocket and HTTP both instrumented
+- [ ] <1ms overhead per RPC call
+- [ ] Integration tests passing
+
+---
+
+## 6.4 Phase 3: Transaction Tracing (Weeks 5-6)
+
+**Objective**: Trace transaction lifecycle across network with deterministic cross-node correlation
+
+### Tasks
+
+| Task | Description                                                    |
+| ---- | -------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| 3.1  | Define `TraceContext` Protocol Buffer message                  |
+| 3.2  | Implement protobuf context serialization                       |
+| 3.3  | Instrument `PeerImp::handleTransaction()`                      |
+| 3.4  | Instrument `NetworkOPs::submitTransaction()`                   |
+| 3.5  | Instrument HashRouter integration                              |
+| 3.6  | Fee escalation instrumentation (`fee.escalate` span)           |
+| 3.7  | Implement relay context propagation                            |
+| 3.8  | Integration tests (multi-node)                                 |
+| 3.9  | Deterministic transaction trace ID (`trace_id = txHash[0:16]`) |
+| 3.10 | Performance benchmarks                                         |
+
+### Deterministic Trace ID (Task 3.9)
+
+Transaction spans use **deterministic trace IDs** derived from the transaction hash:
+`trace_id = txHash[0:16]`. All nodes handling the same transaction independently
+produce spans under the same trace_id. Protobuf `span_id` propagation (Task 3.7)
+additionally provides parent-child relay ordering when available. See
+[02-design-decisions.md §2.5.0](./02-design-decisions.md) for the design rationale
+and [Phase3_taskList.md Task 3.9](./Phase3_taskList.md) for the full implementation spec.
+
+### Exit Criteria
+
+- [ ] Transaction traces span across nodes
+- [ ] Trace context in Protocol Buffer messages
+- [ ] HashRouter deduplication visible in traces
+- [ ] Multi-node integration tests passing
+- [ ] <5% overhead on transaction throughput
+- [ ] Deterministic trace_id: all nodes produce same trace_id for same transaction
+- [ ] Protobuf span_id propagation preserves parent-child ordering when available
+
+---
+
+## 6.5 Phase 4: Consensus Tracing (Weeks 7-8)
+
+**Objective**: Full observability into consensus rounds
+
+### Tasks
+
+| Task | Description                                    | Status             |
+| ---- | ---------------------------------------------- | ------------------ |
+| 4.1  | Instrument `RCLConsensusAdaptor::startRound()` | ✅ Done (via 4a.2) |
+| 4.2  | Instrument phase transitions                   | ✅ Done            |
+| 4.3  | Instrument proposal handling                   | ✅ Done            |
+| 4.4  | Instrument validation handling                 | ✅ Done            |
+| 4.5  | Add consensus-specific attributes              | ✅ Done            |
+| 4.6  | Correlate with transaction traces              | ✅ Done            |
+| 4.7  | Build verification and testing                 | ✅ Done            |
+| 4.8  | Validation span enrichment (ext. dashboard)    | ❌ Not done        |
+
+**Note**: The original plan doc listed tasks 4.7-4.11 as "Validator list tracing",
+"Amendment voting tracing", "SHAMap sync tracing", "Multi-validator integration tests",
+and "Performance validation". These were descoped and replaced by the tasklist's 4.7
+(build verification) and 4.8 (validation span enrichment). Validator, amendment, and
+SHAMap tracing are not implemented.
+
+### Spans Produced
+
+| Span Name                   | Location               | Attributes                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
+| --------------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `consensus.phase.open`      | `Consensus.h:707`      | _(none)_                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
+| `consensus.proposal.send`   | `RCLConsensus.cpp:232` | `xrpl.consensus.round`                                                                                                                                                                                                |
+| `consensus.ledger_close`    | `RCLConsensus.cpp:341` | `xrpl.consensus.ledger.seq`, `xrpl.consensus.mode`                                                                                                                                                                    |
+| `consensus.accept`          | `RCLConsensus.cpp:492` | `xrpl.consensus.proposers`, `xrpl.consensus.round_time_ms`, `xrpl.consensus.quorum`                                                                                                                                   |
+| `consensus.accept.apply`    | `RCLConsensus.cpp:541` | `xrpl.consensus.close_time`, `close_time_correct`, `close_resolution_ms`, `state`, `proposing`, `round_time_ms`, `ledger.seq`, `parent_close_time`, `close_time_self`, `close_time_vote_bins`, `resolution_direction` |
+| `consensus.validation.send` | `RCLConsensus.cpp:900` | `xrpl.consensus.ledger.seq`, `xrpl.consensus.proposing`                                                                                                                                                               |
+
+### Exit Criteria
+
+- [x] Complete consensus round traces
+- [x] Phase transitions visible (open, establish, close, accept)
+- [x] Proposals and validations traced — send and receive; relay deferred to Phase 4b
+- [x] Close time agreement tracked (per `avCT_CONSENSUS_PCT`)
+- [x] No impact on consensus timing
+- [ ] Multi-validator test network validated
+- [x] Transaction-consensus correlation (Task 4.6) — `tx.included` events in doAccept
+- [ ] Validation span enrichment (Task 4.8) — not implemented
+
+### Implementation Status — Phase 4a Complete
+
+Phase 4a (establish-phase gap fill & cross-node correlation) adds:
+
+- **Deterministic trace ID** derived from `previousLedger.id()` so all validators
+  in the same round share the same `trace_id` (switchable via
+  `consensus_trace_strategy` config: `"deterministic"` or `"attribute"`).
+  See [Configuration Reference](./05-configuration-reference.md) for full
+  configuration options. The `consensus_trace_strategy` option will be
+  documented in the configuration reference as part of Phase 4a implementation.
+- **Round lifecycle spans**: `consensus.round` with round-to-round span links.
+- **Establish phase**: `consensus.establish`, `consensus.update_positions` (with
+  `dispute.resolve` events), `consensus.check` (with threshold tracking).
+- **Mode changes**: `consensus.mode_change` spans.
+- **Validation**: `consensus.validation.send` with span link to round span
+  (thread-safe cross-thread access via `roundSpanContext_` snapshot).
+- **Separation of concerns**: telemetry extracted to private helpers
+  (`startRoundTracing`, `createValidationSpan`, `startEstablishTracing`,
+  `updateEstablishTracing`, `endEstablishTracing`).
+
+See [Phase4_taskList.md](./Phase4_taskList.md) for the full spec and implementation notes.
+
+---
+
+## 6.5a Phase 4a: Establish-Phase Gap Fill & Cross-Node Correlation
+
+**Objective**: Fill tracing gaps in the establish phase and establish cross-node
+correlation using deterministic trace IDs derived from `previousLedger.id()`.
+
+**Approach**: Direct instrumentation in `Consensus.h` and `RCLConsensus.cpp`.
+All spans use `SpanGuard` factory methods (`span()`, `hashSpan()`, `linkedSpan()`)
+with `TraceCategory::Consensus` gating. No macros used — all tracing via direct
+`SpanGuard` API calls.
+
+### Tasks
+
+| Task | Description                                      | Effort | Risk   | Status                   |
+| ---- | ------------------------------------------------ | ------ | ------ | ------------------------ |
+| 4a.0 | Prerequisites: extend SpanGuard & Telemetry APIs | 1d     | Medium | ✅ Done (no macros)      |
+| 4a.1 | Adaptor `getTelemetry()` method                  | 0.5d   | Low    | ⏭️ Skipped (not needed)  |
+| 4a.2 | Switchable round span with deterministic traceID | 2d     | High   | ✅ Done                  |
+| 4a.3 | Span members in `Consensus.h`                    | 0.5d   | Medium | ✅ Done (with deviation) |
+| 4a.4 | Instrument `phaseEstablish()`                    | 1d     | Medium | ✅ Done                  |
+| 4a.5 | Instrument `updateOurPositions()`                | 1d     | Medium | ✅ Done                  |
+| 4a.6 | Instrument `haveConsensus()` (thresholds)        | 1d     | Medium | ✅ Done                  |
+| 4a.7 | Instrument mode changes                          | 0.5d   | Low    | ✅ Done                  |
+| 4a.8 | Reparent existing spans under round              | 0.5d   | Low    | ✅ Done                  |
+| 4a.9 | Build verification and testing                   | 1d     | Low    | ✅ Done                  |
+
+**Total Effort**: 9 days
+
+### Spans Produced
+
+| Span Name                    | Location           | Key Attributes (actually set)                                                                                                 |
+| ---------------------------- | ------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `consensus.round`            | `RCLConsensus.cpp` | `round_id`, `ledger_id`, `ledger.seq`, `mode`, `trace_strategy`                                                               |
+| `consensus.establish`        | `Consensus.h`      | `converge_percent`, `establish_count`, `proposers`                                                                            |
+| `consensus.update_positions` | `Consensus.h`      | `converge_percent`, `proposers`, `have_close_time_consensus`, `close_time_threshold`, `disputes_count`, `avalanche_threshold` |
+| `consensus.check`            | `Consensus.h`      | `agree/disagree_count`, `converge_percent`, `have_close_time_consensus`, `threshold_percent`, `result`                        |
+| `consensus.mode_change`      | `RCLConsensus.cpp` | `mode.old`, `mode.new`                                                                                                        |
+
+### Exit Criteria
+
+- [x] Establish phase internals traced (establish, update_positions, check spans)
+- [x] Establish phase fully traced — `disputes_count`, `avalanche_threshold`, dispute `yays`/`nays` all implemented
+- [x] Cross-node correlation works via deterministic trace_id
+- [x] Strategy switchable via config (`deterministic` / `attribute`)
+- [x] Consecutive rounds linked via follows-from spans
+- [x] Build passes with telemetry ON and OFF
+- [x] No impact on consensus timing
+
+See [Phase4_taskList.md](./Phase4_taskList.md) for full task details.
+
+---
+
+## 6.5b Phase 4b: Cross-Node Propagation (Future)
+
+**Objective**: Wire `TraceContextPropagator` for P2P messages (proposals,
+validations) to enable true distributed tracing between nodes.
+
+**Status**: Design documented, NOT implemented. Protobuf fields (field 1001)
+and `TraceContextPropagator` free functions exist. Wiring deferred until Phase 4a is
+validated in a multi-node environment.
+
+**Prerequisites**: Phase 4a complete and validated.
+
+See [Phase4_taskList.md § Phase 4b](./Phase4_taskList.md) for full design.
+
+---
+
+## 6.6 Phase 5: Documentation & Deployment (Week 9)
+
+**Objective**: Production readiness
+
+### Tasks
+
+| Task | Description                   | Status              |
+| ---- | ----------------------------- | ------------------- |
+| 5.1  | Operator runbook              | Complete            |
+| 5.2  | Grafana dashboards            | Complete            |
+| 5.3  | Alert definitions             | Deferred — post-MVP |
+| 5.4  | Collector deployment examples | Complete            |
+| 5.5  | Developer documentation       | Complete            |
+| 5.6  | Training materials            | Deferred — post-MVP |
+| 5.7  | Final integration testing     | Complete            |
+
+---
+
+## 6.7 Phase 6: StatsD Metrics Integration (Week 10)
+
+**Objective**: Bridge xrpld's existing `beast::insight` StatsD metrics into the OpenTelemetry collection pipeline, exposing 300+ pre-existing metrics alongside span-derived RED metrics in Prometheus/Grafana.
+
+### Background
+
+xrpld has a mature metrics framework (`beast::insight`) that emits StatsD-format metrics over UDP. These metrics cover node health, peer networking, RPC performance, job queue, and overlay traffic — data that **does not** overlap with the span-based instrumentation from Phases 1-5. By adding a StatsD receiver to the OTel Collector, both metric sources converge in Prometheus.
+
+### Metric Inventory
+
+| Category        | Group              | Type          | Count      | Key Metrics                                            |
+| --------------- | ------------------ | ------------- | ---------- | ------------------------------------------------------ |
+| Node State      | `State_Accounting` | Gauge         | 10         | `*_duration`, `*_transitions` per operating mode       |
+| Ledger          | `LedgerMaster`     | Gauge         | 2          | `Validated_Ledger_Age`, `Published_Ledger_Age`         |
+| Ledger Fetch    | —                  | Counter       | 1          | `ledger_fetches`                                       |
+| Ledger History  | `ledger.history`   | Counter       | 1          | `mismatch`                                             |
+| RPC             | `rpc`              | Counter+Event | 3          | `requests`, `time` (histogram), `size` (histogram)     |
+| Job Queue       | —                  | Gauge+Event   | 1 + 2×N    | `job_count`, per-job `{name}` and `{name}_q`           |
+| Peer Finder     | `Peer_Finder`      | Gauge         | 2          | `Active_Inbound_Peers`, `Active_Outbound_Peers`        |
+| Overlay         | `Overlay`          | Gauge         | 1          | `Peer_Disconnects`                                     |
+| Overlay Traffic | per-category       | Gauge         | 4×57 = 228 | `Bytes_In/Out`, `Messages_In/Out` per traffic category |
+| Pathfinding     | —                  | Event         | 2          | `pathfind_fast`, `pathfind_full` (histograms)          |
+| I/O             | —                  | Event         | 1          | `ios_latency` (histogram)                              |
+| Resource Mgr    | —                  | Meter         | 2          | `warn`, `drop` (rate counters)                         |
+| Caches          | per-cache          | Gauge         | 2×N        | `{cache}.size`, `{cache}.hit_rate`                     |
+
+**Total**: ~255+ unique metrics (plus dynamic job-type and cache metrics)
+
+### Tasks
+
+| Task | Description                                                                                                     |
+| ---- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| 6.1  | **DEFERRED** Fix Meter wire format (`\|m` → `\|c`) in StatsDCollector.cpp — breaking change, tracked separately |
+| 6.2  | Add `statsd` receiver to OTel Collector config                                                                  |
+| 6.3  | Expose UDP port 8125 in docker-compose.yml                                                                      |
+| 6.4  | Add `[insight]` config to integration test node configs                                                         |
+| 6.5  | Create "Node Health" Grafana dashboard (16 panels)                                                              |
+| 6.6  | Create "Network Traffic" Grafana dashboard (10 panels)                                                          |
+| 6.7  | Create "RPC & Pathfinding (StatsD)" Grafana dashboard (8 panels)                                                |
+| 6.8  | Update integration test to verify StatsD metrics in Prometheus                                                  |
+| 6.9  | Update TESTING.md and telemetry-runbook.md                                                                      |
+
+### Wire Format Fix (Task 6.1) — DEFERRED
+
+The `StatsDMeterImpl` in `StatsDCollector.cpp:706` sends metrics with `|m` suffix, which is non-standard StatsD. The OTel StatsD receiver silently drops these. Fix: change `|m` to `|c` (counter), which is semantically correct since meters are increment-only counters. Only 2 metrics are affected (`warn`, `drop` in Resource Manager).
+
+**Status**: Deferred as a separate change — this is a breaking change for any StatsD backend that previously consumed the custom `|m` type. The Resource Warnings and Resource Drops dashboard panels will show no data until this fix is applied.
+
+### New Grafana Dashboards
+
+**Node Health** (`statsd-node-health.json`, uid: `xrpld-statsd-node-health`):
+
+- Validated/Published Ledger Age, Operating Mode Duration/Transitions, I/O Latency, Job Queue Depth, Ledger Fetch Rate, Ledger History Mismatches, Key Jobs Execution/Dequeue Time, FullBelowCache Size/Hit Rate, Ledger Publish Gap, State Duration Rate, All Jobs Detail
+
+**Network Traffic** (`statsd-network-traffic.json`, uid: `xrpld-statsd-network`):
+
+- Active Inbound/Outbound Peers, Peer Disconnects, Total Bytes/Messages In/Out, Transaction/Proposal/Validation Traffic, Top Traffic Categories, Duplicate Traffic, All Traffic Categories Detail
+
+**RPC & Pathfinding (StatsD)** (`statsd-rpc-pathfinding.json`, uid: `xrpld-statsd-rpc`):
+
+- RPC Request Rate, Response Time p95/p50, Response Size p95/p50, Pathfinding Fast/Full Duration, Resource Warnings/Drops, Response Time Heatmap
+
+### Exit Criteria
+
+- [ ] StatsD metrics visible in Prometheus (`curl localhost:9090/api/v1/query?query=xrpld_LedgerMaster_Validated_Ledger_Age`)
+- [ ] All 3 new Grafana dashboards load without errors
+- [ ] Integration test verifies at least core StatsD metrics (ledger age, peer counts, RPC requests)
+- [ ] ~~Meter metrics (`warn`, `drop`) flow correctly after `|m` → `|c` fix~~ — DEFERRED (breaking change, tracked separately)
+
+---
+
+## 6.9 Risk Assessment
+
+```mermaid
+quadrantChart
+    title Risk Assessment Matrix
+    x-axis Low Impact --> High Impact
+    y-axis Low Likelihood --> High Likelihood
+    quadrant-1 Mitigate Immediately
+    quadrant-2 Plan Mitigation
+    quadrant-3 Accept Risk
+    quadrant-4 Monitor Closely
+
+    SDK Compat: [0.2, 0.18]
+    Protocol Chg: [0.75, 0.72]
+    Perf Overhead: [0.58, 0.42]
+    Context Prop: [0.4, 0.55]
+    Memory Leaks: [0.85, 0.25]
+```
+
+### Risk Details
+
+| Risk                                 | Likelihood | Impact | Mitigation                              |
+| ------------------------------------ | ---------- | ------ | --------------------------------------- |
+| Protocol changes break compatibility | Medium     | High   | Use high field numbers, optional fields |
+| Performance overhead unacceptable    | Medium     | Medium | Sampling, conditional compilation       |
+| Context propagation complexity       | Medium     | Medium | Phased rollout, extensive testing       |
+| SDK compatibility issues             | Low        | Medium | Pin SDK version, fallback to no-op      |
+| Memory leaks in long-running nodes   | Low        | High   | Memory profiling, bounded queues        |
+
+---
+
+## 6.10 Success Metrics
+
+| Metric                   | Target                                                         | Measurement           |
+| ------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------- |
+| Trace coverage           | >95% of transaction code paths (independent of sampling ratio) | Sampling verification |
+| CPU overhead             | <3%                                                            | Benchmark tests       |
+| Memory overhead          | <10 MB                                                         | Memory profiling      |
+| Latency impact (p99)     | <2%                                                            | Performance tests     |
+| Trace completeness       | >99% spans with required attrs                                 | Validation script     |
+| Cross-node trace linkage | >90% of multi-hop transactions                                 | Integration tests     |
+
+---
+
+## 6.9 Quick Wins and Crawl-Walk-Run Strategy
+
+> **TxQ** = Transaction Queue
+
+This section outlines a prioritized approach to maximize ROI with minimal initial investment.
+
+### 6.9.1 Crawl-Walk-Run Overview
+
+<div align="center">
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph crawl["🐢 CRAWL (Week 1-2)"]
+        direction LR
+        c1[Core SDK Setup] ~~~ c2[RPC Tracing Only] ~~~ c3[PathFinding + TxQ Tracing] ~~~ c4[Single Node]
+    end
+
+    subgraph walk["🚶 WALK (Week 3-5)"]
+        direction LR
+        w1[Transaction Tracing] ~~~ w2[Fee Escalation Tracing] ~~~ w3[Cross-Node Context] ~~~ w4[Basic Dashboards]
+    end
+
+    subgraph run["🏃 RUN (Week 6-9)"]
+        direction LR
+        r1[Consensus Tracing] ~~~ r2[Establish Phase<br/>& Cross-Node Correlation] ~~~ r3[StatsD Integration] ~~~ r4[Production Deploy]
+    end
+
+    crawl --> walk --> run
+
+    style crawl fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style walk fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style run fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style c1 fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style c2 fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style c3 fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style c4 fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style w1 fill:#ffe0b2,stroke:#ffcc80,color:#1e293b
+    style w2 fill:#ffe0b2,stroke:#ffcc80,color:#1e293b
+    style w3 fill:#ffe0b2,stroke:#ffcc80,color:#1e293b
+    style w4 fill:#ffe0b2,stroke:#ffcc80,color:#1e293b
+    style r1 fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style r2 fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style r3 fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style r4 fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+```
+
+</div>
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **CRAWL (Weeks 1-2)**: Minimal investment -- set up the SDK, instrument RPC and PathFinding/TxQ handlers, and verify on a single node. Delivers immediate latency visibility.
+- **WALK (Weeks 3-5)**: Expand to transaction lifecycle tracing, fee escalation, cross-node context propagation, and basic Grafana dashboards. This is where distributed tracing starts working.
+- **RUN (Weeks 6-9)**: Full consensus instrumentation, establish-phase gap fill, cross-node correlation, StatsD integration, and production deployment with sampling and alerting.
+- **Arrows (crawl → walk → run)**: Each phase builds on the prior one; you cannot skip ahead because later phases depend on infrastructure established earlier.
+
+### 6.9.2 Quick Wins (Immediate Value)
+
+| Quick Win                      | Value  | When to Deploy |
+| ------------------------------ | ------ | -------------- |
+| **RPC Command Tracing**        | High   | Week 2         |
+| **RPC Latency Histograms**     | High   | Week 2         |
+| **Error Rate Dashboard**       | Medium | Week 2         |
+| **Transaction Submit Tracing** | High   | Week 3         |
+| **Consensus Round Duration**   | Medium | Week 6         |
+
+### 6.9.3 CRAWL Phase (Weeks 1-2)
+
+**Goal**: Get basic tracing working with minimal code changes.
+
+**What You Get**:
+
+- RPC request/response traces for all commands
+- Latency breakdown per RPC command
+- PathFinding and TxQ tracing (directly impacts RPC latency)
+- Error visibility with stack traces
+- Basic Grafana dashboard
+
+**Code Changes**: ~15 lines in `ServerHandler.cpp`, ~40 lines in new telemetry module
+
+**Why Start Here**:
+
+- RPC is the lowest-risk, highest-visibility component
+- PathFinding and TxQ are RPC-adjacent and directly affect latency
+- Immediate value for debugging client issues
+- No cross-node complexity
+- Single file modification to existing code
+
+### 6.9.4 WALK Phase (Weeks 3-5)
+
+**Goal**: Add transaction lifecycle tracing across nodes.
+
+**What You Get**:
+
+- End-to-end transaction traces from submit to relay
+- Fee escalation tracing within the transaction pipeline
+- Cross-node correlation (see transaction path)
+- HashRouter deduplication visibility
+- Relay latency metrics
+
+**Code Changes**: ~120 lines across 4 files, plus protobuf extension
+
+**Why Do This Second**:
+
+- Builds on RPC tracing (transactions submitted via RPC)
+- Fee escalation is integral to the transaction processing pipeline
+- Moderate complexity (requires context propagation)
+- High value for debugging transaction issues
+
+### 6.9.5 RUN Phase (Weeks 6-9)
+
+**Goal**: Full observability including consensus.
+
+**What You Get**:
+
+- Complete consensus round visibility
+- Phase transition timing
+- Validator proposal tracking
+- ~~Validator list and manifest tracing~~ — descoped
+- ~~Amendment voting tracing~~ — descoped
+- ~~SHAMap sync tracing~~ — descoped
+- Full end-to-end traces (client → RPC → TX → consensus → ledger) — partial (tx-consensus correlation not yet done)
+
+**Code Changes**: ~100 lines across 3 consensus files
+
+**Why Do This Last**:
+
+- Highest complexity (consensus is critical path)
+- Validator, amendment, and SHAMap components were descoped (lower priority)
+- Requires thorough testing
+- Lower relative value (consensus issues are rarer)
+
+### 6.9.6 ROI Prioritization Matrix
+
+```mermaid
+quadrantChart
+    title Implementation ROI Matrix
+    x-axis Low Effort --> High Effort
+    y-axis Low Value --> High Value
+    quadrant-1 Quick Wins - Do First
+    quadrant-2 Major Projects - Plan Carefully
+    quadrant-3 Nice to Have - Optional
+    quadrant-4 Time Sinks - Avoid
+
+    RPC Tracing: [0.15, 0.92]
+    TX Submit Trace: [0.3, 0.78]
+    TX Relay Trace: [0.5, 0.88]
+    Consensus Trace: [0.72, 0.72]
+    Peer Msg Trace: [0.85, 0.3]
+    Ledger Acquire: [0.55, 0.52]
+```
+
+---
+
+## 6.13 Definition of Done
+
+> **TxQ** = Transaction Queue | **HA** = High Availability
+
+Clear, measurable criteria for each phase.
+
+### 6.13.1 Phase 1: Core Infrastructure
+
+| Criterion       | Measurement                                                | Target                       |
+| --------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------- |
+| SDK Integration | `cmake --build` succeeds with `-DXRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=ON` | ✅ Compiles                  |
+| Runtime Toggle  | `enabled=0` produces zero overhead                         | <0.1% CPU difference         |
+| Span Creation   | Unit test creates and exports span                         | Span appears in Tempo        |
+| Configuration   | All config options parsed correctly                        | Config validation tests pass |
+| Documentation   | Developer guide exists                                     | PR approved                  |
+
+**Definition of Done**: All criteria met, PR merged, no regressions in CI.
+
+### 6.13.2 Phase 2: RPC Tracing
+
+| Criterion          | Measurement                        | Target                     |
+| ------------------ | ---------------------------------- | -------------------------- |
+| Coverage           | All RPC commands instrumented      | 100% of commands           |
+| Context Extraction | traceparent header propagates      | Integration test passes    |
+| Attributes         | Command, status, duration recorded | Validation script confirms |
+| Performance        | RPC latency overhead               | <1ms p99                   |
+| Dashboard          | Grafana dashboard deployed         | Screenshot in docs         |
+
+**Definition of Done**: RPC traces visible in Tempo for all commands, dashboard shows latency distribution.
+
+### 6.13.3 Phase 3: Transaction Tracing
+
+| Criterion             | Measurement                                       | Target                                                   |
+| --------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------- |
+| Local Trace           | Submit → validate → TxQ traced                    | Single-node test passes                                  |
+| Cross-Node            | Context propagates via protobuf                   | Multi-node test passes                                   |
+| Deterministic TraceID | Same trace_id on all nodes for same tx            | Multi-node test: query by txHash[0:16] returns all spans |
+| Relay Ordering        | Protobuf span_id propagation creates parent-child | Tempo trace tree shows relay chain                       |
+| Graceful Degradation  | Old peer drops trace_context                      | Spans still grouped by deterministic trace_id            |
+| Relay Visibility      | relay_count attribute correct                     | Spot check 100 txs                                       |
+| HashRouter            | Deduplication visible in trace                    | Duplicate txs show suppressed=true                       |
+| Performance           | TX throughput overhead                            | <5% degradation                                          |
+
+**Definition of Done**: Transaction traces span 3+ nodes in test network with deterministic trace_id correlation, parent-child ordering via protobuf propagation, and performance within bounds.
+
+### 6.13.4 Phase 4: Consensus Tracing
+
+| Criterion            | Measurement                   | Target                    |
+| -------------------- | ----------------------------- | ------------------------- |
+| Round Tracing        | startRound creates root span  | Unit test passes          |
+| Phase Visibility     | All phases have child spans   | Integration test confirms |
+| Proposer Attribution | Proposer ID in attributes     | Spot check 50 rounds      |
+| Timing Accuracy      | Phase durations match PerfLog | <5% variance              |
+| No Consensus Impact  | Round timing unchanged        | Performance test passes   |
+
+**Definition of Done**: Consensus rounds fully traceable, no impact on consensus timing.
+
+### 6.13.5 Phase 5: Production Deployment
+
+| Criterion    | Measurement                  | Target                     |
+| ------------ | ---------------------------- | -------------------------- |
+| Collector HA | Multiple collectors deployed | No single point of failure |
+| Sampling     | Tail sampling configured     | 10% base + errors + slow   |
+| Retention    | Data retained per policy     | 7 days hot, 30 days warm   |
+| Alerting     | Alerts configured            | Error spike, high latency  |
+| Runbook      | Operator documentation       | Approved by ops team       |
+| Training     | Team trained                 | Session completed          |
+
+**Definition of Done**: Telemetry running in production, operators trained, alerts active.
+
+### 6.13.6 Success Metrics Summary
+
+| Phase   | Primary Metric         | Secondary Metric            | Deadline      |
+| ------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------- | ------------- |
+| Phase 1 | SDK compiles and runs  | Zero overhead when disabled | End of Week 2 |
+| Phase 2 | 100% RPC coverage      | <1ms latency overhead       | End of Week 4 |
+| Phase 3 | Cross-node traces work | <5% throughput impact       | End of Week 6 |
+| Phase 4 | Consensus fully traced | No consensus timing impact  | End of Week 8 |
+| Phase 5 | Production deployment  | Operators trained           | End of Week 9 |
+
+---
+
+## 6.14 Recommended Implementation Order
+
+Based on ROI analysis, implement in this exact order:
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph week1["Week 1"]
+        t1[1. OpenTelemetry SDK<br/>Conan/CMake integration]
+        t2[2. Telemetry interface<br/>SpanGuard, config]
+    end
+
+    subgraph week2["Week 2"]
+        t3[3. RPC ServerHandler<br/>instrumentation]
+        t4[4. Basic Tempo setup<br/>for testing]
+    end
+
+    subgraph week3["Week 3"]
+        t5[5. Transaction submit<br/>tracing]
+        t6[6. Grafana dashboard<br/>v1]
+    end
+
+    subgraph week4["Week 4"]
+        t7[7. Protobuf context<br/>extension]
+        t8[8. PeerImp tx.relay<br/>instrumentation]
+    end
+
+    subgraph week5["Week 5"]
+        t9[9. Multi-node<br/>integration tests]
+        t10[10. Performance<br/>benchmarks]
+    end
+
+    subgraph week6_8["Weeks 6-8"]
+        t11[11. Consensus<br/>instrumentation]
+        t12[12. Full integration<br/>testing]
+    end
+
+    subgraph week9["Week 9"]
+        t13[13. Production<br/>deployment]
+        t14[14. Documentation<br/>& training]
+    end
+
+    t1 --> t2 --> t3 --> t4
+    t4 --> t5 --> t6
+    t6 --> t7 --> t8
+    t8 --> t9 --> t10
+    t10 --> t11 --> t12
+    t12 --> t13 --> t14
+
+    style week1 fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style week2 fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style week3 fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style week4 fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style week5 fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style week6_8 fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style week9 fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+    style t1 fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style t2 fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style t3 fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style t4 fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style t5 fill:#ffe0b2,stroke:#ffcc80,color:#1e293b
+    style t6 fill:#ffe0b2,stroke:#ffcc80,color:#1e293b
+    style t7 fill:#ffe0b2,stroke:#ffcc80,color:#1e293b
+    style t8 fill:#ffe0b2,stroke:#ffcc80,color:#1e293b
+    style t9 fill:#ffe0b2,stroke:#ffcc80,color:#1e293b
+    style t10 fill:#ffe0b2,stroke:#ffcc80,color:#1e293b
+    style t11 fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style t12 fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style t13 fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+    style t14 fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **Week 1 (tasks 1-2)**: Foundation work -- integrate the OpenTelemetry SDK via Conan/CMake and build the `Telemetry` interface with `SpanGuard` and config parsing.
+- **Week 2 (tasks 3-4)**: First observable output -- instrument `ServerHandler` for RPC tracing and stand up Tempo so developers can see traces immediately.
+- **Weeks 3-5 (tasks 5-10)**: Transaction lifecycle -- add submit tracing, build the first Grafana dashboard, extend protobuf for cross-node context, instrument `PeerImp` relay, then validate with multi-node integration tests and performance benchmarks.
+- **Weeks 6-8 (tasks 11-12)**: Consensus deep-dive -- instrument consensus rounds and phases, then run full integration testing across all instrumented paths.
+- **Week 9 (tasks 13-14)**: Go-live -- deploy to production with sampling/alerting configured, and deliver documentation and operator training.
+- **Arrow chain (t1 → ... → t14)**: Strict sequential dependency; each task's output is a prerequisite for the next.
+
+---
+
+_Previous: [Configuration Reference](./05-configuration-reference.md)_ | _Next: [Observability Backends](./07-observability-backends.md)_ | _Back to: [Overview](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)_

OpenTelemetryPlan/07-observability-backends.md

@@ -0,0 +1,641 @@
+# Observability Backend Recommendations
+
+> **Parent Document**: [OpenTelemetryPlan.md](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)
+> **Related**: [Implementation Phases](./06-implementation-phases.md) | [Appendix](./08-appendix.md)
+
+---
+
+## 7.1 Development/Testing Backends
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+| Backend    | Pros                                | Cons                   | Use Case            |
+| ---------- | ----------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------- |
+| **Tempo**  | Cost-effective, Grafana integration | Requires Grafana stack | Local dev, CI, Prod |
+| **Zipkin** | Simple, lightweight                 | Basic features         | Quick prototyping   |
+
+### Quick Start with Tempo
+
+```bash
+# Start Tempo with OTLP support
+docker run -d --name tempo \
+  -p 3200:3200 \
+  -p 4317:4317 \
+  -p 4318:4318 \
+  grafana/tempo:2.6.1
+```
+
+---
+
+## 7.2 Production Backends
+
+> **APM** = Application Performance Monitoring
+
+| Backend           | Pros                                      | Cons                   | Use Case                    |
+| ----------------- | ----------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------- |
+| **Grafana Tempo** | Cost-effective, Grafana integration       | Requires Grafana stack | Most production deployments |
+| **Elastic APM**   | Full observability stack, log correlation | Resource intensive     | Existing Elastic users      |
+| **Honeycomb**     | Excellent query, high cardinality         | SaaS cost              | Deep debugging needs        |
+| **Datadog APM**   | Full platform, easy setup                 | SaaS cost              | Enterprise with budget      |
+
+### Backend Selection Flowchart
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TD
+    start[Select Backend] --> budget{Budget<br/>Constraints?}
+
+    budget -->|Yes| oss[Open Source]
+    budget -->|No| saas{Prefer<br/>SaaS?}
+
+    oss --> existing{Existing<br/>Stack?}
+    existing -->|Grafana| tempo[Grafana Tempo]
+    existing -->|Elastic| elastic[Elastic APM]
+    existing -->|None| tempo
+
+    saas -->|Yes| enterprise{Enterprise<br/>Support?}
+    saas -->|No| oss
+
+    enterprise -->|Yes| datadog[Datadog APM]
+    enterprise -->|No| honeycomb[Honeycomb]
+
+    tempo --> final[Configure Collector]
+    elastic --> final
+    honeycomb --> final
+    datadog --> final
+
+    style start fill:#0f172a,stroke:#020617,color:#fff
+    style budget fill:#334155,stroke:#1e293b,color:#fff
+    style oss fill:#1e293b,stroke:#0f172a,color:#fff
+    style existing fill:#334155,stroke:#1e293b,color:#fff
+    style saas fill:#334155,stroke:#1e293b,color:#fff
+    style enterprise fill:#334155,stroke:#1e293b,color:#fff
+    style final fill:#0f172a,stroke:#020617,color:#fff
+    style tempo fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style elastic fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style honeycomb fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style datadog fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **Budget Constraints? (Yes)**: Leads to open-source options. If you already run Grafana or Elastic, pick the matching backend; otherwise default to Grafana Tempo.
+- **Budget Constraints? (No) → Prefer SaaS?**: If you want a managed service, choose between Datadog (enterprise support) and Honeycomb (developer-focused). If not, fall back to open-source.
+- **Terminal nodes (Tempo / Elastic / Honeycomb / Datadog)**: Each represents a concrete backend choice, all of which feed into the same final step.
+- **Configure Collector**: Regardless of backend, you always finish by configuring the OTel Collector to export to your chosen destination.
+
+---
+
+## 7.3 Recommended Production Architecture
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol | **APM** = Application Performance Monitoring | **HA** = High Availability
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph validators["Validator Nodes"]
+        v1[xrpld<br/>Validator 1]
+        v2[xrpld<br/>Validator 2]
+    end
+
+    subgraph stock["Stock Nodes"]
+        s1[xrpld<br/>Stock 1]
+        s2[xrpld<br/>Stock 2]
+    end
+
+    subgraph collector["OTel Collector Cluster"]
+        c1[Collector<br/>DC1]
+        c2[Collector<br/>DC2]
+    end
+
+    subgraph backends["Storage Backends"]
+        tempo[(Grafana<br/>Tempo)]
+        elastic[(Elastic<br/>APM)]
+        archive[(S3/GCS<br/>Archive)]
+    end
+
+    subgraph ui["Visualization"]
+        grafana[Grafana<br/>Dashboards]
+    end
+
+    v1 -->|OTLP| c1
+    v2 -->|OTLP| c1
+    s1 -->|OTLP| c2
+    s2 -->|OTLP| c2
+
+    c1 --> tempo
+    c1 --> elastic
+    c2 --> tempo
+    c2 --> archive
+
+    tempo --> grafana
+    elastic --> grafana
+
+    %% Note: simplified single-collector-per-DC topology shown for clarity
+
+    style validators fill:#b71c1c,stroke:#7f1d1d,color:#ffffff
+    style stock fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#ffffff
+    style collector fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#ffffff
+    style backends fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#ffffff
+    style ui fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#ffffff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **Validator / Stock Nodes**: All xrpld nodes emit trace data via OTLP. Validators and stock nodes are grouped separately because they may reside in different network zones.
+- **Collector Cluster (DC1, DC2)**: Regional collectors receive OTLP from nodes in their datacenter, apply processing (sampling, enrichment), and fan out to multiple backends.
+- **Storage Backends**: Tempo and Elastic provide queryable trace storage; S3/GCS Archive provides long-term cold storage for compliance or post-incident analysis.
+- **Grafana Dashboards**: The single visualization layer that queries both Tempo and Elastic, giving operators a unified view of all traces.
+- **Data flow direction**: Nodes → Collectors → Storage → Grafana. Each arrow represents a network hop; minimizing collector-to-backend hops reduces latency.
+
+> **Note**: Production deployments should use multiple collector instances behind a load balancer for high availability. The diagram shows a simplified single-collector topology for clarity.
+
+---
+
+## 7.4 Architecture Considerations
+
+### 7.4.1 Collector Placement
+
+| Strategy      | Description          | Pros                     | Cons                    |
+| ------------- | -------------------- | ------------------------ | ----------------------- |
+| **Sidecar**   | Collector per node   | Isolation, simple config | Resource overhead       |
+| **DaemonSet** | Collector per host   | Shared resources         | Complexity              |
+| **Gateway**   | Central collector(s) | Centralized processing   | Single point of failure |
+
+**Recommendation**: Use **Gateway** pattern with regional collectors for xrpld networks:
+
+- One collector cluster per datacenter/region
+- Tail-based sampling at collector level
+- Multiple export destinations for redundancy
+
+### 7.4.2 Sampling Strategy
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart LR
+    subgraph head["Head Sampling (Node)"]
+        hs[Node-level head sampling<br/>configurable, default: 100%<br/>recommended production: 10%]
+    end
+
+    subgraph tail["Tail Sampling (Collector)"]
+        ts1[Keep all errors]
+        ts2[Keep slow >5s]
+        ts3[Keep 10% rest]
+    end
+
+    head --> tail
+
+    ts1 --> final[Final Traces]
+    ts2 --> final
+    ts3 --> final
+
+    style head fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style tail fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style hs fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style ts1 fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style ts2 fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style ts3 fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style final fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **Head Sampling (Node)**: The first filter -- each xrpld node decides whether to sample a trace at creation time (default 100%, recommended 10% in production). This controls the volume leaving the node.
+- **Tail Sampling (Collector)**: The second filter -- the collector inspects completed traces and applies rules: keep all errors, keep anything slower than 5 seconds, and keep 10% of the remainder.
+- **Arrow head → tail**: All head-sampled traces flow to the collector, where tail sampling further reduces volume while preserving the most valuable data.
+- **Final Traces**: The output after both sampling stages; this is what gets stored and queried. The two-stage approach balances cost with debuggability.
+
+### 7.4.3 Data Retention
+
+| Environment | Hot Storage | Warm Storage | Cold Archive |
+| ----------- | ----------- | ------------ | ------------ |
+| Development | 24 hours    | N/A          | N/A          |
+| Staging     | 7 days      | N/A          | N/A          |
+| Production  | 7 days      | 30 days      | many years   |
+
+---
+
+## 7.5 Integration Checklist
+
+- [ ] Choose primary backend (Tempo recommended for cost/features)
+- [ ] Deploy collector cluster with high availability
+- [ ] Configure tail-based sampling for error/latency traces
+- [ ] Set up Grafana dashboards for trace visualization
+- [ ] Configure alerts for trace anomalies
+- [ ] Establish data retention policies
+- [ ] Test trace correlation with logs and metrics
+
+---
+
+## 7.6 Grafana Dashboard Examples
+
+Pre-built dashboards for xrpld observability.
+
+### 7.6.1 Consensus Health Dashboard
+
+```json
+{
+  "title": "xrpld Consensus Health",
+  "uid": "xrpld-consensus-health",
+  "tags": ["xrpld", "consensus", "tracing"],
+  "panels": [
+    {
+      "title": "Consensus Round Duration",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\" && name=\"consensus.round\"} | avg(duration) by (resource.service.instance.id)"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ms",
+          "thresholds": {
+            "steps": [
+              { "color": "green", "value": null },
+              { "color": "yellow", "value": 4000 },
+              { "color": "red", "value": 5000 }
+            ]
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "gridPos": { "h": 8, "w": 12, "x": 0, "y": 0 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Phase Duration Breakdown",
+      "type": "barchart",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\" && name=~\"consensus.phase.*\"} | avg(duration) by (name)"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 8, "w": 12, "x": 12, "y": 0 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Proposers per Round",
+      "type": "stat",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\" && name=\"consensus.round\"} | avg(span.xrpl.consensus.proposers)"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 4, "w": 6, "x": 0, "y": 8 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Recent Slow Rounds (>5s)",
+      "type": "table",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\" && name=\"consensus.round\"} | duration > 5s"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 8, "w": 24, "x": 0, "y": 12 }
+    }
+  ]
+}
+```
+
+### 7.6.2 Node Overview Dashboard
+
+```json
+{
+  "title": "xrpld Node Overview",
+  "uid": "xrpld-node-overview",
+  "panels": [
+    {
+      "title": "Active Nodes",
+      "type": "stat",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\"} | count_over_time() by (resource.service.instance.id) | count()"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 4, "w": 4, "x": 0, "y": 0 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Total Transactions (1h)",
+      "type": "stat",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\" && name=\"tx.receive\"} | count()"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 4, "w": 4, "x": 4, "y": 0 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Error Rate",
+      "type": "gauge",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\" && status.code=error} | rate() / {resource.service.name=\"xrpld\"} | rate() * 100"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "percent",
+          "max": 10,
+          "thresholds": {
+            "steps": [
+              { "color": "green", "value": null },
+              { "color": "yellow", "value": 1 },
+              { "color": "red", "value": 5 }
+            ]
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "gridPos": { "h": 4, "w": 4, "x": 8, "y": 0 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Service Map",
+      "type": "nodeGraph",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "gridPos": { "h": 12, "w": 12, "x": 12, "y": 0 }
+    }
+  ]
+}
+```
+
+### 7.6.3 Alert Rules
+
+```yaml
+# grafana/provisioning/alerting/rippled-alerts.yaml
+apiVersion: 1
+
+groups:
+  - name: xrpld-tracing-alerts
+    folder: xrpld
+    interval: 1m
+    rules:
+      - uid: consensus-slow
+        title: Consensus Round Slow
+        condition: A
+        data:
+          - refId: A
+            datasourceUid: tempo
+            model:
+              queryType: traceql
+              query: '{resource.service.name="xrpld" && name="consensus.round"} | avg(duration) > 5s'
+              # Note: Verify TraceQL aggregate queries are supported by your
+              # Tempo version. Aggregate alerting (e.g., avg(duration)) requires
+              # Tempo 2.3+ with TraceQL metrics enabled.
+        for: 5m
+        annotations:
+          summary: Consensus rounds taking >5 seconds
+          description: "Consensus duration: {{ $value }}ms"
+        labels:
+          severity: warning
+
+      - uid: rpc-error-spike
+        title: RPC Error Rate Spike
+        condition: B
+        data:
+          - refId: B
+            datasourceUid: tempo
+            model:
+              queryType: traceql
+              query: '{resource.service.name="xrpld" && name=~"rpc.command.*" && status.code=error} | rate() > 0.05'
+              # Note: Verify TraceQL aggregate queries are supported by your
+              # Tempo version. Aggregate alerting (e.g., rate()) requires
+              # Tempo 2.3+ with TraceQL metrics enabled.
+        for: 2m
+        annotations:
+          summary: RPC error rate >5%
+        labels:
+          severity: critical
+
+      - uid: tx-throughput-drop
+        title: Transaction Throughput Drop
+        condition: C
+        data:
+          - refId: C
+            datasourceUid: tempo
+            model:
+              queryType: traceql
+              query: '{resource.service.name="xrpld" && name="tx.receive"} | rate() < 10'
+        for: 10m
+        annotations:
+          summary: Transaction throughput below threshold
+        labels:
+          severity: warning
+```
+
+---
+
+## 7.7 PerfLog and Insight Correlation
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+How to correlate OpenTelemetry traces with existing xrpld observability.
+
+### 7.7.1 Correlation Architecture
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph xrpld["xrpld Node"]
+        otel[OpenTelemetry<br/>Spans]
+        perflog[PerfLog<br/>JSON Logs]
+        insight[Beast Insight<br/>StatsD Metrics]
+    end
+
+    subgraph collectors["Data Collection"]
+        otelc[OTel Collector]
+        promtail[Promtail/Fluentd]
+        statsd[StatsD Exporter]
+    end
+
+    subgraph storage["Storage"]
+        tempo[(Tempo)]
+        loki[(Loki)]
+        prom[(Prometheus)]
+    end
+
+    subgraph grafana["Grafana"]
+        traces[Trace View]
+        logs[Log View]
+        metrics[Metrics View]
+        corr[Correlation<br/>Panel]
+    end
+
+    otel -->|OTLP| otelc --> tempo
+    perflog -->|JSON| promtail --> loki
+    insight -->|StatsD| statsd --> prom
+
+    tempo --> traces
+    loki --> logs
+    prom --> metrics
+
+    traces --> corr
+    logs --> corr
+    metrics --> corr
+
+    style xrpld fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style collectors fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style storage fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style grafana fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+    style otel fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style perflog fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style insight fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style otelc fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style promtail fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style statsd fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style tempo fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style loki fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style prom fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style traces fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+    style logs fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+    style metrics fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+    style corr fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **xrpld Node (three sources)**: A single node emits three independent data streams -- OpenTelemetry spans, PerfLog JSON logs, and Beast Insight StatsD metrics.
+- **Data Collection layer**: Each stream has its own collector -- OTel Collector for spans, Promtail/Fluentd for logs, and a StatsD exporter for metrics. They operate independently.
+- **Storage layer (Tempo, Loki, Prometheus)**: Each data type lands in a purpose-built store optimized for its query patterns (trace search, log grep, metric aggregation).
+- **Grafana Correlation Panel**: The key integration point -- Grafana queries all three stores and links them via shared fields (`trace_id`, `xrpl.tx.hash`, `ledger_seq`), enabling a single-pane debugging experience.
+
+### 7.7.2 Correlation Fields
+
+| Source      | Field                       | Link To       | Purpose                    |
+| ----------- | --------------------------- | ------------- | -------------------------- |
+| **Trace**   | `trace_id`                  | Logs          | Find log entries for trace |
+| **Trace**   | `xrpl.tx.hash`              | Logs, Metrics | Find TX-related data       |
+| **Trace**   | `xrpl.consensus.ledger.seq` | Logs          | Find ledger-related logs   |
+| **PerfLog** | `trace_id` (new)            | Traces        | Jump to trace from log     |
+| **PerfLog** | `ledger_seq`                | Traces        | Find consensus trace       |
+| **Insight** | `exemplar.trace_id`         | Traces        | Jump from metric spike     |
+
+### 7.7.3 Example: Debugging a Slow Transaction
+
+**Step 1: Find the trace**
+
+```
+# In Grafana Explore with Tempo
+{resource.service.name="xrpld" && span.xrpl.tx.hash="ABC123..."}
+```
+
+**Step 2: Get the trace_id from the trace view**
+
+```
+Trace ID: 4bf92f3577b34da6a3ce929d0e0e4736
+```
+
+**Step 3: Find related PerfLog entries**
+
+```
+# In Grafana Explore with Loki
+{job="xrpld"} |= "4bf92f3577b34da6a3ce929d0e0e4736"
+```
+
+**Step 4: Check Insight metrics for the time window**
+
+```
+# In Grafana with Prometheus
+rate(xrpld_tx_applied_total[1m])
+  @ timestamp_from_trace
+```
+
+### 7.7.4 Unified Dashboard Example
+
+```json
+{
+  "title": "xrpld Unified Observability",
+  "uid": "xrpld-unified",
+  "panels": [
+    {
+      "title": "Transaction Latency (Traces)",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\" && name=\"tx.receive\"} | histogram_over_time(duration)"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 6, "w": 8, "x": 0, "y": 0 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Transaction Rate (Metrics)",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "datasource": "Prometheus",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "expr": "rate(xrpld_tx_received_total[5m])",
+          "legendFormat": "{{ instance }}"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "links": [
+            {
+              "title": "View traces",
+              "url": "/explore?left={\"datasource\":\"Tempo\",\"query\":\"{resource.service.name=\\\"xrpld\\\" && name=\\\"tx.receive\\\"}\"}"
+            }
+          ]
+        }
+      },
+      "gridPos": { "h": 6, "w": 8, "x": 8, "y": 0 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Recent Logs",
+      "type": "logs",
+      "datasource": "Loki",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "expr": "{job=\"xrpld\"} | json"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 6, "w": 8, "x": 16, "y": 0 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Trace Search",
+      "type": "table",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\"}"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "overrides": [
+          {
+            "matcher": { "id": "byName", "options": "traceID" },
+            "properties": [
+              {
+                "id": "links",
+                "value": [
+                  {
+                    "title": "View trace",
+                    "url": "/explore?left={\"datasource\":\"Tempo\",\"query\":\"${__value.raw}\"}"
+                  },
+                  {
+                    "title": "View logs",
+                    "url": "/explore?left={\"datasource\":\"Loki\",\"query\":\"{job=\\\"xrpld\\\"} |= \\\"${__value.raw}\\\"\"}"
+                  }
+                ]
+              }
+            ]
+          }
+        ]
+      },
+      "gridPos": { "h": 12, "w": 24, "x": 0, "y": 6 }
+    }
+  ]
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+_Previous: [Implementation Phases](./06-implementation-phases.md)_ | _Next: [Appendix](./08-appendix.md)_ | _Back to: [Overview](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)_

OpenTelemetryPlan/08-appendix.md

@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+# Appendix
+
+> **Parent Document**: [OpenTelemetryPlan.md](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)
+> **Related**: [Observability Backends](./07-observability-backends.md)
+
+---
+
+## 8.1 Glossary
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol | **TxQ** = Transaction Queue
+
+| Term                  | Definition                                                 |
+| --------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Span**              | A unit of work with start/end time, name, and attributes   |
+| **Trace**             | A collection of spans representing a complete request flow |
+| **Trace ID**          | 128-bit unique identifier for a trace                      |
+| **Span ID**           | 64-bit unique identifier for a span within a trace         |
+| **Context**           | Carrier for trace/span IDs across boundaries               |
+| **Propagator**        | Component that injects/extracts context                    |
+| **Sampler**           | Decides which traces to record                             |
+| **Exporter**          | Sends spans to backend                                     |
+| **Collector**         | Receives, processes, and forwards telemetry                |
+| **OTLP**              | OpenTelemetry Protocol (wire format)                       |
+| **W3C Trace Context** | Standard HTTP headers for trace propagation                |
+| **Baggage**           | Key-value pairs propagated across service boundaries       |
+| **Resource**          | Entity producing telemetry (service, host, etc.)           |
+| **Instrumentation**   | Code that creates telemetry data                           |
+
+### xrpld-Specific Terms
+
+| Term              | Definition                                                    |
+| ----------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Overlay**       | P2P network layer managing peer connections                   |
+| **Consensus**     | XRP Ledger consensus algorithm (RCL)                          |
+| **Proposal**      | Validator's suggested transaction set for a ledger            |
+| **Validation**    | Validator's signature on a closed ledger                      |
+| **HashRouter**    | Component for transaction deduplication                       |
+| **JobQueue**      | Thread pool for asynchronous task execution                   |
+| **PerfLog**       | Existing performance logging system in xrpld                  |
+| **Beast Insight** | Existing metrics framework in xrpld                           |
+| **PathFinding**   | Payment path computation engine for cross-currency payments   |
+| **TxQ**           | Transaction queue managing fee-based prioritization           |
+| **LoadManager**   | Dynamic fee escalation based on network load                  |
+| **SHAMap**        | SHA-256 hash-based map (Merkle trie variant) for ledger state |
+
+---
+
+## 8.2 Span Hierarchy Visualization
+
+> **TxQ** = Transaction Queue
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph trace["Trace: Transaction Lifecycle"]
+        rpc["rpc.request<br/>(entry point)"]
+        validate["tx.validate"]
+        relay["tx.relay<br/>(parent span)"]
+
+        subgraph peers["Peer Spans"]
+            p1["peer.send<br/>Peer A"]
+            p2["peer.send<br/>Peer B"]
+            p3["peer.send<br/>Peer C"]
+        end
+
+        subgraph pathfinding["PathFinding Spans"]
+            pathfind["pathfind.request"]
+            pathcomp["pathfind.compute"]
+        end
+
+        consensus["consensus.round"]
+        apply["tx.apply"]
+
+        subgraph txqueue["TxQ Spans"]
+            txq["txq.enqueue"]
+            txqApply["txq.apply"]
+        end
+
+        feeCalc["fee.escalate"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph validators["Validator Spans"]
+        valFetch["validator.list.fetch"]
+        valManifest["validator.manifest"]
+    end
+
+    rpc --> validate
+    rpc --> pathfind
+    pathfind --> pathcomp
+    validate --> relay
+    relay --> p1
+    relay --> p2
+    relay --> p3
+    p1 -.->|"context propagation"| consensus
+    consensus --> apply
+    apply --> txq
+    txq --> txqApply
+    txq --> feeCalc
+
+    style trace fill:#0f172a,stroke:#020617,color:#fff
+    style peers fill:#1e3a8a,stroke:#172554,color:#fff
+    style pathfinding fill:#134e4a,stroke:#0f766e,color:#fff
+    style txqueue fill:#064e3b,stroke:#047857,color:#fff
+    style validators fill:#4c1d95,stroke:#6d28d9,color:#fff
+    style rpc fill:#1d4ed8,stroke:#1e40af,color:#fff
+    style validate fill:#047857,stroke:#064e3b,color:#fff
+    style relay fill:#047857,stroke:#064e3b,color:#fff
+    style p1 fill:#0e7490,stroke:#155e75,color:#fff
+    style p2 fill:#0e7490,stroke:#155e75,color:#fff
+    style p3 fill:#0e7490,stroke:#155e75,color:#fff
+    style consensus fill:#fef3c7,stroke:#fde68a,color:#1e293b
+    style apply fill:#047857,stroke:#064e3b,color:#fff
+    style pathfind fill:#0e7490,stroke:#155e75,color:#fff
+    style pathcomp fill:#0e7490,stroke:#155e75,color:#fff
+    style txq fill:#047857,stroke:#064e3b,color:#fff
+    style txqApply fill:#047857,stroke:#064e3b,color:#fff
+    style feeCalc fill:#047857,stroke:#064e3b,color:#fff
+    style valFetch fill:#6d28d9,stroke:#4c1d95,color:#fff
+    style valManifest fill:#6d28d9,stroke:#4c1d95,color:#fff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **rpc.request (blue, top)**: The entry point — every traced transaction starts as an RPC call; this root span is the parent of all downstream work.
+- **tx.validate and pathfind.request (green/teal, first fork)**: The RPC request fans out into transaction validation and, for cross-currency payments, a PathFinding branch (`pathfind.request` -> `pathfind.compute`).
+- **tx.relay -> Peer Spans (teal, middle)**: After validation, the transaction is relayed to peers A, B, and C in parallel; each `peer.send` is a sibling child span showing fan-out across the network.
+- **context propagation (dashed arrow)**: The dotted line from `peer.send Peer A` to `consensus.round` represents the trace context crossing a node boundary — the receiving validator picks up the same `trace_id` and continues the trace.
+- **consensus.round -> tx.apply -> TxQ Spans (green, lower)**: Once consensus accepts the transaction, it is applied to the ledger; the TxQ spans (`txq.enqueue`, `txq.apply`, `fee.escalate`) capture queue depth and fee escalation behavior.
+- **Validator Spans (purple, detached)**: `validator.list.fetch` and `validator.manifest` are independent workflows for UNL management — they run on their own traces and are linked to consensus via Span Links, not parent-child relationships.
+
+---
+
+## 8.3 References
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+### OpenTelemetry Resources
+
+1. [OpenTelemetry C++ SDK](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-cpp)
+2. [OpenTelemetry Specification](https://opentelemetry.io/docs/specs/otel/)
+3. [OpenTelemetry Collector](https://opentelemetry.io/docs/collector/)
+4. [OTLP Protocol Specification](https://opentelemetry.io/docs/specs/otlp/)
+
+### Standards
+
+5. [W3C Trace Context](https://www.w3.org/TR/trace-context/)
+6. [W3C Baggage](https://www.w3.org/TR/baggage/)
+7. [Protocol Buffers](https://protobuf.dev/)
+
+### xrpld Resources
+
+8. [xrpld Source Code](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled)
+9. [XRP Ledger Documentation](https://xrpl.org/docs/)
+10. [xrpld Overlay README](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/blob/develop/src/xrpld/overlay/README.md)
+11. [xrpld RPC README](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/blob/develop/src/xrpld/rpc/README.md)
+12. [xrpld Consensus README](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/blob/develop/src/xrpld/app/consensus/README.md)
+
+---
+
+## 8.4 Version History
+
+| Version | Date       | Author | Changes                                                        |
+| ------- | ---------- | ------ | -------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| 1.0     | 2026-02-12 | -      | Initial implementation plan                                    |
+| 1.1     | 2026-02-13 | -      | Refactored into modular documents                              |
+| 1.2     | 2026-03-24 | -      | Review fixes: accuracy corrections, cross-document consistency |
+
+---
+
+## 8.5 Document Index
+
+### Plan Documents
+
+| Document                                                             | Description                                  |
+| -------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------- |
+| [OpenTelemetryPlan.md](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)                       | Master overview and executive summary        |
+| [00-tracing-fundamentals.md](./00-tracing-fundamentals.md)           | Distributed tracing concepts and OTel primer |
+| [01-architecture-analysis.md](./01-architecture-analysis.md)         | xrpld architecture and trace points          |
+| [02-design-decisions.md](./02-design-decisions.md)                   | SDK selection, exporters, span conventions   |
+| [03-implementation-strategy.md](./03-implementation-strategy.md)     | Directory structure, performance analysis    |
+| [04-code-samples.md](./04-code-samples.md)                           | C++ code examples for all components         |
+| [05-configuration-reference.md](./05-configuration-reference.md)     | xrpld config, CMake, Collector configs       |
+| [06-implementation-phases.md](./06-implementation-phases.md)         | Timeline, tasks, risks, success metrics      |
+| [07-observability-backends.md](./07-observability-backends.md)       | Backend selection and architecture           |
+| [08-appendix.md](./08-appendix.md)                                   | Glossary, references, version history        |
+| [09-data-collection-reference.md](./09-data-collection-reference.md) | Span/metric/dashboard inventory              |
+| [presentation.md](./presentation.md)                                 | Slide deck for OTel plan overview            |
+
+### Task Lists
+
+| Document                                                                   | Description                                         |
+| -------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------- |
+| [POC_taskList.md](./POC_taskList.md)                                       | Proof-of-concept telemetry integration              |
+| [Phase2_taskList.md](./Phase2_taskList.md)                                 | RPC layer trace instrumentation                     |
+| [Phase3_taskList.md](./Phase3_taskList.md)                                 | Peer overlay & consensus tracing                    |
+| [Phase4_taskList.md](./Phase4_taskList.md)                                 | Transaction lifecycle tracing                       |
+| [Phase5_taskList.md](./Phase5_taskList.md)                                 | Ledger processing & advanced tracing                |
+| [Phase5_IntegrationTest_taskList.md](./Phase5_IntegrationTest_taskList.md) | Observability stack integration tests               |
+| [presentation.md](./presentation.md)                                       | Presentation slides for OpenTelemetry plan overview |
+
+---
+
+_Previous: [Observability Backends](./07-observability-backends.md)_ | _Back to: [Overview](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)_

OpenTelemetryPlan/09-data-collection-reference.md

@@ -0,0 +1,751 @@
+# Observability Data Collection Reference
+
+> **Audience**: Developers and operators. This is the single source of truth for all telemetry data collected by xrpld's observability stack.
+>
+> **Related docs**: [docs/telemetry-runbook.md](../docs/telemetry-runbook.md) (operator runbook with alerting and troubleshooting) | [03-implementation-strategy.md](./03-implementation-strategy.md) (code structure and performance optimization) | [04-code-samples.md](./04-code-samples.md) (C++ instrumentation examples)
+
+## Data Flow Overview
+
+```mermaid
+graph LR
+    subgraph xrpldNode["xrpld Node"]
+        A["Trace Macros<br/>XRPL_TRACE_SPAN<br/>(OTLP/HTTP exporter)"]
+        B["beast::insight<br/>StatsD metrics<br/>(UDP sender)"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph collector["OTel Collector  :4317 / :4318 / :8125"]
+        direction TB
+        R1["OTLP Receiver<br/>:4317 gRPC  |  :4318 HTTP"]
+        R2["StatsD Receiver<br/>:8125 UDP"]
+        BP["Batch Processor<br/>timeout 1s, batch 100"]
+        SM["SpanMetrics Connector<br/>derives RED metrics<br/>from trace spans"]
+
+        R1 --> BP
+        BP --> SM
+    end
+
+    subgraph backends["Trace Backend"]
+        D["Grafana Tempo  :3200<br/>TraceQL search &<br/>S3/GCS long-term storage"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph metrics["Metrics Stack"]
+        E["Prometheus  :9090<br/>scrapes :8889<br/>span-derived + StatsD metrics"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph viz["Visualization"]
+        F["Grafana  :3000<br/>10 dashboards"]
+    end
+
+    A -->|"OTLP/HTTP :4318<br/>(traces + attributes)"| R1
+    B -->|"UDP :8125<br/>(gauges, counters, timers)"| R2
+
+    BP -->|"OTLP/gRPC :4317"| D
+
+    SM -->|"span_calls_total<br/>span_duration_ms<br/>(6 dimension labels)"| E
+    R2 -->|"rippled_* gauges<br/>rippled_* counters<br/>rippled_* summaries"| E
+
+    E -->|"Prometheus<br/>data source"| F
+    D -->|"Tempo<br/>data source"| F
+
+    style A fill:#4a90d9,color:#fff,stroke:#2a6db5
+    style B fill:#d9534f,color:#fff,stroke:#b52d2d
+    style R1 fill:#5cb85c,color:#fff,stroke:#3d8b3d
+    style R2 fill:#5cb85c,color:#fff,stroke:#3d8b3d
+    style BP fill:#449d44,color:#fff,stroke:#2d6e2d
+    style SM fill:#449d44,color:#fff,stroke:#2d6e2d
+    style D fill:#f0ad4e,color:#000,stroke:#c78c2e
+    style E fill:#f0ad4e,color:#000,stroke:#c78c2e
+    style F fill:#5bc0de,color:#000,stroke:#3aa8c1
+    style xrpldNode fill:#1a2633,color:#ccc,stroke:#4a90d9
+    style collector fill:#1a3320,color:#ccc,stroke:#5cb85c
+    style backends fill:#332a1a,color:#ccc,stroke:#f0ad4e
+    style metrics fill:#332a1a,color:#ccc,stroke:#f0ad4e
+    style viz fill:#1a2d33,color:#ccc,stroke:#5bc0de
+```
+
+There are two independent telemetry pipelines entering a single **OTel Collector**:
+
+1. **OpenTelemetry Traces** — Distributed spans with attributes, exported via OTLP/HTTP (:4318) to the collector's **OTLP Receiver**. The **Batch Processor** groups spans (1s timeout, batch size 100) before forwarding to trace backends. The **SpanMetrics Connector** derives RED metrics (rate, errors, duration) from every span and feeds them into the metrics pipeline.
+2. **beast::insight StatsD** — System-level gauges, counters, and timers emitted as StatsD UDP packets to port :8125, ingested by the collector's **StatsD Receiver**, and exported alongside span-derived metrics to Prometheus.
+
+**Trace backend** — The collector exports traces via OTLP/gRPC to:
+
+- **Grafana Tempo** — Preferred trace backend. Supports TraceQL queries at `:3200`, S3/GCS object storage for cost-effective long-term trace retention, and integrates natively with Grafana.
+
+> **Further reading**: [00-tracing-fundamentals.md](./00-tracing-fundamentals.md) for core OpenTelemetry concepts (traces, spans, context propagation, sampling). [07-observability-backends.md](./07-observability-backends.md) for production backend selection, collector placement, and sampling strategies.
+
+---
+
+## 1. OpenTelemetry Spans
+
+### 1.1 Complete Span Inventory (35 spans)
+
+> **See also**: [02-design-decisions.md §2.3](./02-design-decisions.md#23-span-naming-conventions) for naming conventions and the full span catalog with rationale. [04-code-samples.md §4.6](./04-code-samples.md#46-span-flow-visualization) for span flow diagrams.
+
+#### RPC Spans
+
+Controlled by `trace_rpc=1` in `[telemetry]` config.
+
+| Span Name            | Parent             | Source File       | Description                                                              |
+| -------------------- | ------------------ | ----------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
+| `rpc.http_request`   | —                  | ServerHandler.cpp | Top-level HTTP RPC request entry point                                   |
+| `rpc.process`        | `rpc.http_request` | ServerHandler.cpp | RPC processing pipeline                                                  |
+| `rpc.ws_message`     | —                  | ServerHandler.cpp | WebSocket message handling                                               |
+| `rpc.ws_upgrade`     | —                  | ServerHandler.cpp | WebSocket upgrade handshake (error path)                                 |
+| `rpc.command.<name>` | `rpc.process`      | RPCHandler.cpp    | Per-command span (e.g., `rpc.command.server_info`, `rpc.command.ledger`) |
+
+**Where to find**: Tempo → TraceQL: `{resource.service.name="xrpld" && name=~"rpc.http_request|rpc.command.*"}`
+
+**Grafana dashboard**: _RPC Performance_ (`xrpld-rpc-perf`)
+
+#### Transaction Spans
+
+Controlled by `trace_transactions=1` in `[telemetry]` config.
+
+| Span Name    | Parent         | Source File     | Description                                                       |
+| ------------ | -------------- | --------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `tx.process` | —              | NetworkOPs.cpp  | Transaction submission entry point (local or peer-relayed)        |
+| `tx.receive` | —              | PeerImp.cpp     | Raw transaction received from peer overlay (before deduplication) |
+| `tx.apply`   | `ledger.build` | BuildLedger.cpp | Transaction set applied to new ledger during consensus            |
+
+**Where to find**: Tempo → TraceQL: `{resource.service.name="xrpld" && name=~"tx.process|tx.receive"}`
+
+**Grafana dashboard**: _Transaction Overview_ (`xrpld-transactions`)
+
+#### PathFind Spans
+
+Controlled by `trace_rpc=1` in `[telemetry]` config (pathfinding spans fire within RPC request handling).
+
+| Span Name             | Parent             | Source File      | Description                                              |
+| --------------------- | ------------------ | ---------------- | -------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `pathfind.request`    | `rpc.command.*`    | PathRequests.cpp | RPC entry for path_find / ripple_path_find               |
+| `pathfind.compute`    | `pathfind.request` | PathRequest.cpp  | Single path computation (doUpdate)                       |
+| `pathfind.update_all` | —                  | PathRequests.cpp | Async recomputation of all active path requests on close |
+| `pathfind.discover`   | `pathfind.compute` | Pathfinder.cpp   | Graph exploration phase (Pathfinder::find)               |
+| `pathfind.rank`       | `pathfind.compute` | Pathfinder.cpp   | Path ranking and selection phase                         |
+
+**Where to find**: Tempo → TraceQL: `{resource.service.name="xrpld" && name=~"pathfind.*"}`
+
+**Grafana dashboard**: _RPC & Pathfinding (StatsD)_ (`xrpld-statsd-rpc`) for StatsD timers; span-derived metrics via _RPC Performance_ (`xrpld-rpc-perf`)
+
+#### TxQ Spans
+
+Controlled by `trace_transactions=1` in `[telemetry]` config.
+
+| Span Name          | Parent        | Source File | Description                                          |
+| ------------------ | ------------- | ----------- | ---------------------------------------------------- |
+| `txq.enqueue`      | `tx.process`  | TxQ.cpp     | Queue admission decision (apply/queue/reject)        |
+| `txq.apply_direct` | `txq.enqueue` | TxQ.cpp     | Direct application attempt (bypassing queue)         |
+| `txq.batch_clear`  | `txq.enqueue` | TxQ.cpp     | Batch clear of account's queued transactions         |
+| `txq.accept`       | —             | TxQ.cpp     | Ledger-close accept loop (drain queued transactions) |
+| `txq.accept.tx`    | `txq.accept`  | TxQ.cpp     | Per-transaction apply within accept loop             |
+| `txq.cleanup`      | —             | TxQ.cpp     | Post-close cleanup (expire old transactions)         |
+
+**Where to find**: Tempo → TraceQL: `{resource.service.name="xrpld" && name=~"txq.*"}`
+
+**Grafana dashboard**: _Transaction Overview_ (`xrpld-transactions`)
+
+#### gRPC Spans
+
+Controlled by `trace_rpc=1` in `[telemetry]` config.
+
+| Span Name      | Parent | Source File    | Description                                                                   |
+| -------------- | ------ | -------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `grpc.request` | —      | GRPCServer.cpp | Single gRPC request (GetLedger, GetLedgerData, GetLedgerDiff, GetLedgerEntry) |
+
+**Where to find**: Tempo → TraceQL: `{resource.service.name="xrpld" && name="grpc.request"}`
+
+#### Consensus Spans
+
+Controlled by `trace_consensus=1` in `[telemetry]` config.
+
+| Span Name                    | Parent            | Source File      | Description                                           |
+| ---------------------------- | ----------------- | ---------------- | ----------------------------------------------------- |
+| `consensus.round`            | —                 | RCLConsensus.cpp | Top-level round span (deterministic trace ID)         |
+| `consensus.proposal.send`    | `consensus.round` | RCLConsensus.cpp | Node broadcasts its transaction set proposal          |
+| `consensus.ledger_close`     | `consensus.round` | RCLConsensus.cpp | Ledger close event triggered by consensus             |
+| `consensus.establish`        | `consensus.round` | Consensus.h      | Establish phase — convergence loop                    |
+| `consensus.update_positions` | `consensus.round` | Consensus.h      | Update positions during establish phase               |
+| `consensus.check`            | `consensus.round` | Consensus.h      | Check for consensus agreement                         |
+| `consensus.accept`           | `consensus.round` | RCLConsensus.cpp | Consensus accepts a ledger (round complete)           |
+| `consensus.accept.apply`     | `consensus.round` | RCLConsensus.cpp | Ledger application with close time details            |
+| `consensus.validation.send`  | `consensus.round` | RCLConsensus.cpp | Validation message sent after ledger accepted         |
+| `consensus.mode_change`      | `consensus.round` | RCLConsensus.cpp | Consensus mode transition (e.g., tracking->proposing) |
+
+> **Note**: `toDisplayString(ConsensusMode)` (in `ConsensusTypes.h`) provides Title Case display names for mode attribute values: `"Proposing"`, `"Observing"`, `"Wrong Ledger"`, `"Switched Ledger"`. This is separate from `to_string()` which returns stable log-format strings.
+
+**Where to find**: Tempo → TraceQL: `{resource.service.name="xrpld" && name=~"consensus.*"}`
+
+**Grafana dashboard**: _Consensus Health_ (`xrpld-consensus`)
+
+#### Ledger Spans
+
+Controlled by `trace_ledger=1` in `[telemetry]` config.
+
+| Span Name         | Parent | Source File      | Description                                    |
+| ----------------- | ------ | ---------------- | ---------------------------------------------- |
+| `ledger.build`    | —      | BuildLedger.cpp  | Build new ledger from accepted transaction set |
+| `ledger.validate` | —      | LedgerMaster.cpp | Ledger promoted to validated status            |
+| `ledger.store`    | —      | LedgerMaster.cpp | Ledger stored to database/history              |
+
+**Where to find**: Tempo → TraceQL: `{resource.service.name="xrpld" && name=~"ledger.*"}`
+
+**Grafana dashboard**: _Ledger Operations_ (`xrpld-ledger-ops`)
+
+#### Peer Spans
+
+Controlled by `trace_peer=1` in `[telemetry]` config. **Disabled by default** (high volume).
+
+| Span Name                 | Parent | Source File | Description                           |
+| ------------------------- | ------ | ----------- | ------------------------------------- |
+| `peer.proposal.receive`   | —      | PeerImp.cpp | Consensus proposal received from peer |
+| `peer.validation.receive` | —      | PeerImp.cpp | Validation message received from peer |
+
+**Where to find**: Tempo → TraceQL: `{resource.service.name="xrpld" && name=~"peer.*"}`
+
+**Grafana dashboard**: _Peer Network_ (`xrpld-peer-net`)
+
+---
+
+### 1.2 Complete Attribute Inventory (81 attributes)
+
+> **See also**: [02-design-decisions.md §2.4.2](./02-design-decisions.md#242-span-attributes-by-category) for attribute design rationale and privacy considerations.
+
+Every span can carry key-value attributes that provide context for filtering and aggregation.
+
+#### RPC Attributes
+
+| Attribute               | Type   | Set On          | Description                                      |
+| ----------------------- | ------ | --------------- | ------------------------------------------------ |
+| `xrpl.rpc.command`      | string | `rpc.command.*` | RPC command name (e.g., `server_info`, `ledger`) |
+| `xrpl.rpc.version`      | int64  | `rpc.command.*` | API version number                               |
+| `xrpl.rpc.role`         | string | `rpc.command.*` | Caller role: `"admin"` or `"user"`               |
+| `xrpl.rpc.status`       | string | `rpc.command.*` | Result: `"success"` or `"error"`                 |
+| `xrpl.rpc.payload_size` | int64  | `rpc.command.*` | Request payload size in bytes                    |
+
+**Tempo query**: `{span.xrpl.rpc.command="server_info"}` to find all `server_info` calls.
+
+**Prometheus label**: `xrpl_rpc_command` (dots converted to underscores by SpanMetrics).
+
+#### Transaction Attributes
+
+| Attribute            | Type    | Set On                     | Description                                          |
+| -------------------- | ------- | -------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------- |
+| `xrpl.tx.hash`       | string  | `tx.process`, `tx.receive` | Transaction hash (hex-encoded)                       |
+| `xrpl.tx.local`      | boolean | `tx.process`               | `true` if locally submitted, `false` if peer-relayed |
+| `xrpl.tx.path`       | string  | `tx.process`               | Submission path: `"sync"` or `"async"`               |
+| `xrpl.tx.suppressed` | boolean | `tx.receive`               | `true` if transaction was suppressed (duplicate)     |
+| `xrpl.tx.status`     | string  | `tx.receive`               | Transaction status (e.g., `"known_bad"`)             |
+| `xrpl.peer.id`       | int64   | `tx.receive`               | Peer identifier (also set on peer spans)             |
+| `xrpl.peer.version`  | string  | `tx.receive`               | Peer protocol version string                         |
+
+**Tempo query**: `{span.xrpl.tx.hash="<hash>"}` to trace a specific transaction across nodes.
+
+**Prometheus label**: `xrpl_tx_local` (used as SpanMetrics dimension).
+
+#### PathFind Attributes
+
+| Attribute                          | Type    | Set On                | Description                                     |
+| ---------------------------------- | ------- | --------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- |
+| `xrpl.pathfind.source_account`     | string  | `pathfind.request`    | Source account address                          |
+| `xrpl.pathfind.dest_account`       | string  | `pathfind.request`    | Destination account address                     |
+| `xrpl.pathfind.fast`               | boolean | `pathfind.compute`    | Whether this is a fast (non-full) pathfind      |
+| `xrpl.pathfind.search_level`       | int64   | `pathfind.compute`    | Search depth level                              |
+| `xrpl.pathfind.num_complete_paths` | int64   | `pathfind.compute`    | Number of complete paths found                  |
+| `xrpl.pathfind.num_paths`          | int64   | `pathfind.compute`    | Total number of paths explored                  |
+| `xrpl.pathfind.num_requests`       | int64   | `pathfind.update_all` | Number of active path requests being recomputed |
+| `xrpl.pathfind.ledger_index`       | int64   | `pathfind.update_all` | Ledger index used for recomputation             |
+
+**Tempo query**: `{span.xrpl.pathfind.source_account="rHb9..."}` to find pathfind requests from a specific account.
+
+#### TxQ Attributes
+
+| Attribute                     | Type    | Set On                         | Description                                                |
+| ----------------------------- | ------- | ------------------------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `xrpl.txq.tx_hash`            | string  | `txq.enqueue`, `txq.accept.tx` | Transaction hash in the queue                              |
+| `xrpl.txq.status`             | string  | `txq.enqueue`                  | Queue result: `"queued"`, `"applied_direct"`, `"rejected"` |
+| `xrpl.txq.fee_level_paid`     | int64   | `txq.enqueue`                  | Fee level paid by the transaction                          |
+| `xrpl.txq.required_fee_level` | int64   | `txq.enqueue`                  | Minimum fee level required for queue admission             |
+| `xrpl.txq.queue_size`         | int64   | `txq.accept`                   | Queue depth at start of accept                             |
+| `xrpl.txq.ledger_changed`     | boolean | `txq.accept`                   | Whether the open ledger changed since last accept          |
+| `xrpl.txq.ledger_seq`         | int64   | `txq.cleanup`                  | Ledger sequence for cleanup                                |
+| `xrpl.txq.expired_count`      | int64   | `txq.cleanup`                  | Number of expired transactions removed                     |
+| `xrpl.txq.ter_code`           | string  | `txq.accept.tx`                | Transaction engine result code                             |
+| `xrpl.txq.retries_remaining`  | int64   | `txq.accept.tx`                | Remaining retry attempts for this transaction              |
+| `xrpl.txq.num_cleared`        | int64   | `txq.batch_clear`              | Number of transactions cleared in batch                    |
+
+**Tempo query**: `{span.xrpl.txq.status="rejected"}` to find rejected queue attempts.
+
+#### gRPC Attributes
+
+| Attribute          | Type   | Set On         | Description                                                  |
+| ------------------ | ------ | -------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
+| `xrpl.grpc.method` | string | `grpc.request` | gRPC method name (e.g., `GetLedger`, `GetLedgerData`)        |
+| `xrpl.grpc.role`   | string | `grpc.request` | Caller role: `"admin"` or `"user"`                           |
+| `xrpl.grpc.status` | string | `grpc.request` | Result: `"success"`, `"error"`, `"resource_exhausted"`, etc. |
+
+**Tempo query**: `{span.xrpl.grpc.method="GetLedger"}` to find gRPC ledger requests.
+
+#### Consensus Attributes
+
+| Attribute                                  | Type    | Set On                                                                                                                 | Description                                                           |
+| ------------------------------------------ | ------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `xrpl.consensus.ledger_id`                 | string  | `consensus.round`                                                                                                      | Previous ledger hash (used for deterministic trace ID)                |
+| `xrpl.consensus.ledger.seq`                | int64   | `consensus.round`, `consensus.ledger_close`, `consensus.accept`, `consensus.validation.send`, `consensus.accept.apply` | Ledger sequence number                                                |
+| `xrpl.consensus.mode`                      | string  | `consensus.round`, `consensus.proposal.send`, `consensus.ledger_close`                                                 | Node mode via `toDisplayString()`: `"Proposing"`, `"Observing"`, etc. |
+| `xrpl.consensus.round`                     | int64   | `consensus.proposal.send`                                                                                              | Consensus round number                                                |
+| `xrpl.consensus.proposers`                 | int64   | `consensus.proposal.send`, `consensus.accept`                                                                          | Number of proposers in the round                                      |
+| `xrpl.consensus.round_time_ms`             | int64   | `consensus.accept`, `consensus.accept.apply`                                                                           | Total consensus round duration in milliseconds                        |
+| `xrpl.consensus.proposing`                 | boolean | `consensus.validation.send`                                                                                            | Whether this node was a proposer                                      |
+| `xrpl.consensus.state`                     | string  | `consensus.accept.apply`                                                                                               | Consensus outcome: `"finished"` or `"moved_on"`                       |
+| `xrpl.consensus.close_time`                | int64   | `consensus.accept.apply`                                                                                               | Agreed-upon ledger close time (epoch seconds)                         |
+| `xrpl.consensus.close_time_correct`        | boolean | `consensus.accept.apply`                                                                                               | Whether validators reached agreement on close time                    |
+| `xrpl.consensus.close_resolution_ms`       | int64   | `consensus.accept.apply`                                                                                               | Close time rounding granularity in milliseconds                       |
+| `xrpl.consensus.parent_close_time`         | int64   | `consensus.accept.apply`                                                                                               | Parent ledger's close time (epoch seconds)                            |
+| `xrpl.consensus.close_time_self`           | int64   | `consensus.accept.apply`                                                                                               | This node's proposed close time                                       |
+| `xrpl.consensus.close_time_vote_bins`      | string  | `consensus.accept.apply`                                                                                               | Histogram of close time votes from validators                         |
+| `xrpl.consensus.resolution_direction`      | string  | `consensus.accept.apply`                                                                                               | Resolution change: `"increased"`, `"decreased"`, or `"unchanged"`     |
+| `xrpl.consensus.converge_percent`          | int64   | `consensus.establish`                                                                                                  | Convergence percentage threshold                                      |
+| `xrpl.consensus.establish_count`           | int64   | `consensus.establish`                                                                                                  | Number of establish iterations completed                              |
+| `xrpl.consensus.proposers_agreed`          | int64   | `consensus.establish`                                                                                                  | Number of proposers that agreed on this round                         |
+| `xrpl.consensus.avalanche_threshold`       | int64   | `consensus.update_positions`                                                                                           | Avalanche threshold for dispute resolution                            |
+| `xrpl.consensus.close_time_threshold`      | int64   | `consensus.update_positions`                                                                                           | Close time agreement threshold                                        |
+| `xrpl.consensus.have_close_time_consensus` | boolean | `consensus.update_positions`                                                                                           | Whether close time consensus has been reached                         |
+| `xrpl.consensus.agree_count`               | int64   | `consensus.check`                                                                                                      | Number of proposers that agree with our position                      |
+| `xrpl.consensus.disagree_count`            | int64   | `consensus.check`                                                                                                      | Number of proposers that disagree with our position                   |
+| `xrpl.consensus.threshold_percent`         | int64   | `consensus.check`                                                                                                      | Required agreement threshold percentage                               |
+| `xrpl.consensus.result`                    | string  | `consensus.check`                                                                                                      | Check result: `"yes"`, `"no"`, or `"expired"`                         |
+| `xrpl.consensus.quorum`                    | int64   | `consensus.check`                                                                                                      | Required quorum for validation                                        |
+| `xrpl.consensus.validation_count`          | int64   | `consensus.check`                                                                                                      | Number of validations received                                        |
+| `xrpl.consensus.trace_strategy`            | string  | `consensus.round`                                                                                                      | Trace sampling strategy used for this round                           |
+| `xrpl.consensus.round_id`                  | string  | `consensus.round`                                                                                                      | Deterministic round identifier                                        |
+| `xrpl.consensus.mode.old`                  | string  | `consensus.mode_change`                                                                                                | Previous consensus mode                                               |
+| `xrpl.consensus.mode.new`                  | string  | `consensus.mode_change`                                                                                                | New consensus mode                                                    |
+| `xrpl.tx.id`                               | string  | `consensus.update_positions`                                                                                           | Disputed transaction ID                                               |
+| `xrpl.dispute.our_vote`                    | boolean | `consensus.update_positions`                                                                                           | Our vote on the disputed transaction                                  |
+| `xrpl.dispute.yays`                        | int64   | `consensus.update_positions`                                                                                           | Number of proposers voting to include                                 |
+| `xrpl.dispute.nays`                        | int64   | `consensus.update_positions`                                                                                           | Number of proposers voting to exclude                                 |
+
+**Tempo query**: `{span.xrpl.consensus.mode="Proposing"}` to find rounds where node was proposing.
+
+**Prometheus label**: `xrpl_consensus_mode` (used as SpanMetrics dimension).
+
+#### Ledger Attributes
+
+| Attribute                         | Type    | Set On                                                        | Description                                      |
+| --------------------------------- | ------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ |
+| `xrpl.ledger.seq`                 | int64   | `ledger.build`, `ledger.validate`, `ledger.store`, `tx.apply` | Ledger sequence number                           |
+| `xrpl.ledger.close_time`          | int64   | `ledger.build`                                                | Ledger close time (epoch seconds)                |
+| `xrpl.ledger.close_time_correct`  | boolean | `ledger.build`                                                | Whether close time was agreed upon by validators |
+| `xrpl.ledger.close_resolution_ms` | int64   | `ledger.build`                                                | Close time rounding granularity in milliseconds  |
+| `xrpl.ledger.tx_count`            | int64   | `ledger.build`, `tx.apply`                                    | Transactions in the ledger                       |
+| `xrpl.ledger.tx_failed`           | int64   | `ledger.build`, `tx.apply`                                    | Failed transactions in the ledger                |
+| `xrpl.ledger.validations`         | int64   | `ledger.validate`                                             | Number of validations received for this ledger   |
+
+**Tempo query**: `{span.xrpl.ledger.seq=12345}` to find all spans for a specific ledger.
+
+#### Peer Attributes
+
+| Attribute                          | Type    | Set On                                                           | Description                                          |
+| ---------------------------------- | ------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------- |
+| `xrpl.peer.id`                     | int64   | `tx.receive`, `peer.proposal.receive`, `peer.validation.receive` | Peer identifier                                      |
+| `xrpl.peer.proposal.trusted`       | boolean | `peer.proposal.receive`                                          | Whether the proposal came from a trusted validator   |
+| `xrpl.peer.validation.ledger_hash` | string  | `peer.validation.receive`                                        | Ledger hash the validation refers to                 |
+| `xrpl.peer.validation.full`        | boolean | `peer.validation.receive`                                        | Whether this is a full (not partial) validation      |
+| `xrpl.peer.validation.trusted`     | boolean | `peer.validation.receive`                                        | Whether the validation came from a trusted validator |
+
+**Prometheus labels**: `xrpl_peer_proposal_trusted`, `xrpl_peer_validation_trusted` (SpanMetrics dimensions).
+
+---
+
+### 1.3 SpanMetrics — Derived Prometheus Metrics
+
+> **See also**: [01-architecture-analysis.md](./01-architecture-analysis.md) §1.8.2 for how span-derived metrics map to operational insights.
+
+The OTel Collector's SpanMetrics connector automatically generates RED (Rate, Errors, Duration) metrics from every span. No custom metrics code in xrpld is needed.
+
+| Prometheus Metric                                  | Type      | Description                                                                    |
+| -------------------------------------------------- | --------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
+| `traces_span_metrics_calls_total`                  | Counter   | Total span invocations                                                         |
+| `traces_span_metrics_duration_milliseconds_bucket` | Histogram | Latency distribution (buckets: 1, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 250, 500, 1000, 5000 ms) |
+| `traces_span_metrics_duration_milliseconds_count`  | Histogram | Observation count                                                              |
+| `traces_span_metrics_duration_milliseconds_sum`    | Histogram | Cumulative latency                                                             |
+
+**Standard labels on every metric**: `span_name`, `status_code`, `service_name`, `span_kind`
+
+**Additional dimension labels** (configured in `otel-collector-config.yaml`):
+
+| Span Attribute                 | Prometheus Label               | Applies To                |
+| ------------------------------ | ------------------------------ | ------------------------- |
+| `xrpl.rpc.command`             | `xrpl_rpc_command`             | `rpc.command.*`           |
+| `xrpl.rpc.status`              | `xrpl_rpc_status`              | `rpc.command.*`           |
+| `xrpl.consensus.mode`          | `xrpl_consensus_mode`          | `consensus.ledger_close`  |
+| `xrpl.tx.local`                | `xrpl_tx_local`                | `tx.process`              |
+| `xrpl.peer.proposal.trusted`   | `xrpl_peer_proposal_trusted`   | `peer.proposal.receive`   |
+| `xrpl.peer.validation.trusted` | `xrpl_peer_validation_trusted` | `peer.validation.receive` |
+
+**Where to query**: Prometheus → `traces_span_metrics_calls_total{span_name="rpc.command.server_info"}`
+
+---
+
+## 2. StatsD Metrics (beast::insight)
+
+> **See also**: [02-design-decisions.md](./02-design-decisions.md) for the beast::insight coexistence design. [06-implementation-phases.md](./06-implementation-phases.md) for the Phase 6 metric inventory.
+
+These are system-level metrics emitted by xrpld's `beast::insight` framework via StatsD UDP. They cover operational data that doesn't map to individual trace spans.
+
+### Configuration
+
+```ini
+[insight]
+server=statsd
+address=127.0.0.1:8125
+prefix=rippled
+```
+
+> **Note**: The `prefix` value is user-configurable — all metric names in the tables below assume `prefix=rippled` (matching the integration test and Grafana dashboards). If you change the prefix, replace `rippled_` with `{your_prefix}_` in all PromQL queries.
+
+### 2.1 Gauges
+
+| Prometheus Metric                                   | Source File           | Description                              | Typical Range                   |
+| --------------------------------------------------- | --------------------- | ---------------------------------------- | ------------------------------- |
+| `rippled_LedgerMaster_Validated_Ledger_Age`         | LedgerMaster.h        | Seconds since last validated ledger      | 0–10 (healthy), >30 (stale)     |
+| `rippled_LedgerMaster_Published_Ledger_Age`         | LedgerMaster.h        | Seconds since last published ledger      | 0–10 (healthy)                  |
+| `rippled_State_Accounting_Disconnected_duration`    | NetworkOPs.cpp        | Cumulative seconds in Disconnected state | Monotonic                       |
+| `rippled_State_Accounting_Connected_duration`       | NetworkOPs.cpp        | Cumulative seconds in Connected state    | Monotonic                       |
+| `rippled_State_Accounting_Syncing_duration`         | NetworkOPs.cpp        | Cumulative seconds in Syncing state      | Monotonic                       |
+| `rippled_State_Accounting_Tracking_duration`        | NetworkOPs.cpp        | Cumulative seconds in Tracking state     | Monotonic                       |
+| `rippled_State_Accounting_Full_duration`            | NetworkOPs.cpp        | Cumulative seconds in Full state         | Monotonic (should dominate)     |
+| `rippled_State_Accounting_Disconnected_transitions` | NetworkOPs.cpp        | Count of transitions to Disconnected     | Low                             |
+| `rippled_State_Accounting_Connected_transitions`    | NetworkOPs.cpp        | Count of transitions to Connected        | Low                             |
+| `rippled_State_Accounting_Syncing_transitions`      | NetworkOPs.cpp        | Count of transitions to Syncing          | Low                             |
+| `rippled_State_Accounting_Tracking_transitions`     | NetworkOPs.cpp        | Count of transitions to Tracking         | Low                             |
+| `rippled_State_Accounting_Full_transitions`         | NetworkOPs.cpp        | Count of transitions to Full             | Low (should be 1 after startup) |
+| `rippled_Peer_Finder_Active_Inbound_Peers`          | PeerfinderManager.cpp | Active inbound peer connections          | 0–85                            |
+| `rippled_Peer_Finder_Active_Outbound_Peers`         | PeerfinderManager.cpp | Active outbound peer connections         | 10–21                           |
+| `rippled_Overlay_Peer_Disconnects`                  | OverlayImpl.cpp       | Cumulative peer disconnection count      | Low growth                      |
+| `rippled_job_count`                                 | JobQueue.cpp          | Current job queue depth                  | 0–100 (healthy)                 |
+| `rippled_Node_family_full_below_cache_size`         | TaggedCache.h         | FullBelowCache entry count               | Varies                          |
+| `rippled_Node_family_full_below_cache_hit_rate`     | TaggedCache.h         | FullBelowCache hit rate percentage       | 0–100                           |
+
+**Grafana dashboard**: _Node Health (StatsD)_ (`xrpld-statsd-node-health`)
+
+### 2.2 Counters
+
+| Prometheus Metric                 | Source File        | Description                                   |
+| --------------------------------- | ------------------ | --------------------------------------------- |
+| `rippled_rpc_requests`            | ServerHandler.cpp  | Total RPC requests received                   |
+| `rippled_ledger_fetches`          | InboundLedgers.cpp | Inbound ledger fetch attempts                 |
+| `rippled_ledger_history_mismatch` | LedgerHistory.cpp  | Ledger hash mismatches detected               |
+| `rippled_warn`                    | Logic.h            | Resource manager warnings issued              |
+| `rippled_drop`                    | Logic.h            | Resource manager drops (connections rejected) |
+
+**Note**: `rippled_warn` and `rippled_drop` use non-standard StatsD meter type (`|m`). The OTel StatsD receiver only recognizes `|c`, `|g`, `|ms`, `|h`, `|s` — these metrics may be silently dropped. See Known Issues below.
+
+**Grafana dashboard**: _RPC & Pathfinding (StatsD)_ (`xrpld-statsd-rpc`)
+
+### 2.3 Histograms (from StatsD timers)
+
+| Prometheus Metric       | Source File       | Unit  | Description                    |
+| ----------------------- | ----------------- | ----- | ------------------------------ |
+| `rippled_rpc_time`      | ServerHandler.cpp | ms    | RPC response time distribution |
+| `rippled_rpc_size`      | ServerHandler.cpp | bytes | RPC response size distribution |
+| `rippled_ios_latency`   | Application.cpp   | ms    | I/O service loop latency       |
+| `rippled_pathfind_fast` | PathRequests.h    | ms    | Fast pathfinding duration      |
+| `rippled_pathfind_full` | PathRequests.h    | ms    | Full pathfinding duration      |
+
+Quantiles collected: 0th, 50th, 90th, 95th, 99th, 100th percentile.
+
+**Grafana dashboards**: _Node Health_ (`ios_latency`), _RPC & Pathfinding_ (`rpc_time`, `rpc_size`, `pathfind_*`)
+
+### 2.4 Overlay Traffic Metrics
+
+For each of the 45+ overlay traffic categories (defined in `TrafficCount.h`), four gauges are emitted:
+
+- `rippled_{category}_Bytes_In`
+- `rippled_{category}_Bytes_Out`
+- `rippled_{category}_Messages_In`
+- `rippled_{category}_Messages_Out`
+
+**Key categories**:
+
+| Category                                                          | Description                |
+| ----------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------- |
+| `total`                                                           | All traffic aggregated     |
+| `overhead` / `overhead_overlay`                                   | Protocol overhead          |
+| `transactions` / `transactions_duplicate`                         | Transaction relay          |
+| `proposals` / `proposals_untrusted` / `proposals_duplicate`       | Consensus proposals        |
+| `validations` / `validations_untrusted` / `validations_duplicate` | Consensus validations      |
+| `ledger_data_get` / `ledger_data_share`                           | Ledger data exchange       |
+| `ledger_data_Transaction_Node_get/share`                          | Transaction node data      |
+| `ledger_data_Account_State_Node_get/share`                        | Account state node data    |
+| `ledger_data_Transaction_Set_candidate_get/share`                 | Transaction set candidates |
+| `getObject` / `haveTxSet` / `ledgerData`                          | Object requests            |
+| `ping` / `status`                                                 | Keepalive and status       |
+| `set_get`                                                         | Set requests               |
+
+**Grafana dashboards**: _Network Traffic_ (`xrpld-statsd-network`), _Overlay Traffic Detail_ (`xrpld-statsd-overlay-detail`), _Ledger Data & Sync_ (`xrpld-statsd-ledger-sync`)
+
+### 2.5 Per-Job Timer Events
+
+For each of the 36 non-special job types (defined in `JobTypes.h`), two StatsD timer events are emitted:
+
+- `rippled_{jobName}` — execution duration
+- `rippled_{jobName}_q` — dequeue wait time
+
+These produce summary metrics with quantiles (0th, 50th, 90th, 95th, 99th, 100th).
+
+**Key job types** (most operationally relevant):
+
+| Job Name            | Source Enum      | Description                   |
+| ------------------- | ---------------- | ----------------------------- |
+| `acceptLedger`      | `jtACCEPT`       | Consensus round acceptance    |
+| `advanceLedger`     | `jtADVANCE`      | Ledger advancement            |
+| `transaction`       | `jtTRANSACTION`  | Transaction processing        |
+| `writeObjects`      | `jtWRITE`        | Database object writes        |
+| `publishNewLedger`  | `jtPUBLEDGER`    | New ledger publication        |
+| `trustedValidation` | `jtVALIDATION_t` | Trusted validation processing |
+| `trustedProposal`   | `jtPROPOSAL_t`   | Trusted proposal processing   |
+| `clientRPC`         | `jtCLIENT_RPC`   | Client RPC request handling   |
+| `heartbeat`         | `jtNETOP_TIMER`  | Network heartbeat timer       |
+| `sweep`             | `jtSWEEP`        | Cache sweep / cleanup         |
+| `ledgerData`        | `jtLEDGER_DATA`  | Ledger data processing        |
+
+Special job types (`limit=0`: `peerCommand`, `diskAccess`, `processTransaction`, `orderBookSetup`, `pathFind`, `nodeRead`, `nodeWrite`, `generic`, `SyncReadNode`, `AsyncReadNode`, `WriteNode`) do **not** emit timer events.
+
+**Grafana dashboard**: _Node Health (StatsD)_ (`xrpld-statsd-node-health`) — Key Jobs and All Jobs panels
+
+---
+
+## 3. Grafana Dashboard Reference
+
+> **See also**: [05-configuration-reference.md](./05-configuration-reference.md) §5.8 for Grafana data source provisioning (Tempo, Prometheus) and TraceQL query examples.
+
+### 3.1 Span-Derived Dashboards (5)
+
+| Dashboard            | UID                  | Data Source              | Key Panels                                                                                                                                                                                               |
+| -------------------- | -------------------- | ------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| RPC Performance      | `xrpld-rpc-perf`     | Prometheus (SpanMetrics) | Request rate by command, p95 latency by command, error rate, heatmap, top commands                                                                                                                       |
+| Transaction Overview | `xrpld-transactions` | Prometheus (SpanMetrics) | Processing rate, latency p95/p50, local vs relay split, apply duration, heatmap                                                                                                                          |
+| Consensus Health     | `xrpld-consensus`    | Prometheus (SpanMetrics) | Round duration p95/p50, proposals rate, close duration, mode timeline, heatmap, close time correctness, resolution direction, close time drift, resolution change timeline, close time vote distribution |
+| Ledger Operations    | `xrpld-ledger-ops`   | Prometheus (SpanMetrics) | Build rate, build duration, validation rate, store rate, build vs close comparison                                                                                                                       |
+| Peer Network         | `xrpld-peer-net`     | Prometheus (SpanMetrics) | Proposal receive rate, validation receive rate, trusted vs untrusted breakdown                                                                                                                           |
+
+### 3.2 StatsD Dashboards (5)
+
+| Dashboard              | UID                           | Data Source         | Key Panels                                                                                                                                         |
+| ---------------------- | ----------------------------- | ------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| Node Health            | `xrpld-statsd-node-health`    | Prometheus (StatsD) | Ledger age, operating mode, I/O latency, job queue, fetch rate, key/all jobs execution time, cache size/hit rate, publish gap, state duration rate |
+| Network Traffic        | `xrpld-statsd-network`        | Prometheus (StatsD) | Active peers, disconnects, bytes in/out, messages in/out, traffic by category, duplicate traffic, all traffic categories detail                    |
+| RPC & Pathfinding      | `xrpld-statsd-rpc`            | Prometheus (StatsD) | RPC rate, response time/size, pathfinding duration, resource warnings/drops                                                                        |
+| Overlay Traffic Detail | `xrpld-statsd-overlay-detail` | Prometheus (StatsD) | Squelch, overhead, validator lists, set get/share, have/requested tx, proof paths                                                                  |
+| Ledger Data & Sync     | `xrpld-statsd-ledger-sync`    | Prometheus (StatsD) | Ledger data exchange, legacy ledger share/get, getobject by type, traffic heatmap                                                                  |
+
+### 3.3 Consensus Close-Time Panels
+
+The Consensus Health dashboard includes 5 close-time panels added in Phase 4:
+
+| Panel                        | Metric / Attribute                                              | Description                                                              |
+| ---------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
+| Close Time Correctness       | `xrpl.consensus.close_time_correct`                             | Percentage of rounds with agreed-upon close time                         |
+| Resolution Direction         | `xrpl.consensus.resolution_direction`                           | Rate of resolution increases, decreases, and unchanged per time interval |
+| Close Time Drift             | `xrpl.consensus.close_time` vs `xrpl.consensus.close_time_self` | Difference between agreed close time and node's own proposed close time  |
+| Resolution Change Timeline   | `xrpl.consensus.close_resolution_ms`                            | Close time resolution granularity over time                              |
+| Close Time Vote Distribution | `xrpl.consensus.close_time_vote_bins`                           | Histogram of validator close time votes per round                        |
+
+**Template variables** (Consensus Health dashboard):
+
+| Variable                | Source Attribute                      | Description                                                              |
+| ----------------------- | ------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
+| `$node`                 | `exported_instance`                   | Filter by xrpld node instance                                            |
+| `$close_time_correct`   | `xrpl_consensus_close_time_correct`   | Filter by close time correctness (`true` / `false`)                      |
+| `$resolution_direction` | `xrpl_consensus_resolution_direction` | Filter by resolution direction (`increased` / `decreased` / `unchanged`) |
+
+### 3.4 Accessing the Dashboards
+
+1. Open Grafana at **http://localhost:3000**
+2. Navigate to **Dashboards → xrpld** folder
+3. All 10 dashboards are auto-provisioned from `docker/telemetry/grafana/dashboards/`
+
+---
+
+## 4. Tempo Trace Search Guide
+
+> **See also**: [08-appendix.md](./08-appendix.md) §8.2 for span hierarchy visualizations. [05-configuration-reference.md](./05-configuration-reference.md) §5.8.5 for TraceQL query examples.
+
+### Finding Traces by Type
+
+| What to Find             | Tempo TraceQL Query                                                            |
+| ------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
+| All RPC calls            | `{resource.service.name="xrpld" && name="rpc.http_request"}`                   |
+| Specific RPC command     | `{resource.service.name="xrpld" && name="rpc.command.server_info"}`            |
+| Slow RPC calls           | `{resource.service.name="xrpld" && name=~"rpc.command.*"} \| duration > 100ms` |
+| Failed RPC calls         | `{span.xrpl.rpc.status="error"}`                                               |
+| Specific transaction     | `{span.xrpl.tx.hash="<hex_hash>"}`                                             |
+| Local transactions only  | `{span.xrpl.tx.local=true}`                                                    |
+| Consensus rounds         | `{resource.service.name="xrpld" && name="consensus.accept"}`                   |
+| Rounds by mode           | `{span.xrpl.consensus.mode="proposing"}`                                       |
+| Specific ledger          | `{span.xrpl.ledger.seq=12345}`                                                 |
+| Peer proposals (trusted) | `{span.xrpl.peer.proposal.trusted=true}`                                       |
+
+### Trace Structure
+
+A typical RPC trace shows the span hierarchy:
+
+```
+rpc.http_request (ServerHandler)
+  └── rpc.process (ServerHandler)
+       └── rpc.command.server_info (RPCHandler)
+```
+
+A consensus round groups child spans under a deterministic trace ID:
+
+```
+consensus.round               (top-level, deterministic trace ID from ledger hash)
+  ├── consensus.ledger_close        (close event)
+  ├── consensus.proposal.send       (broadcast proposal)
+  ├── consensus.establish           (convergence loop)
+  │     ├── consensus.update_positions  (update disputes)
+  │     └── consensus.check             (check agreement)
+  ├── consensus.accept              (accept result)
+  ├── consensus.accept.apply        (apply with close time details)
+  ├── consensus.validation.send     (send validation)
+  └── consensus.mode_change         (mode transition, if any)
+ledger.build                  (build new ledger)
+  └── tx.apply                (apply transaction set)
+ledger.validate               (promote to validated)
+ledger.store                  (persist to DB)
+```
+
+---
+
+## 5. Prometheus Query Examples
+
+> **See also**: [05-configuration-reference.md](./05-configuration-reference.md) §5.8.7 for correlating Prometheus StatsD metrics with trace-derived metrics.
+
+### Span-Derived Metrics
+
+```promql
+# RPC request rate by command (last 5 minutes)
+sum by (xrpl_rpc_command) (rate(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{span_name=~"rpc.command.*"}[5m]))
+
+# RPC p95 latency by command
+histogram_quantile(0.95, sum by (le, xrpl_rpc_command) (rate(traces_span_metrics_duration_milliseconds_bucket{span_name=~"rpc.command.*"}[5m])))
+
+# Consensus round duration p95
+histogram_quantile(0.95, sum by (le) (rate(traces_span_metrics_duration_milliseconds_bucket{span_name="consensus.accept"}[5m])))
+
+# Transaction processing rate (local vs relay)
+sum by (xrpl_tx_local) (rate(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{span_name="tx.process"}[5m]))
+
+# Trusted vs untrusted proposal rate
+sum by (xrpl_peer_proposal_trusted) (rate(traces_span_metrics_calls_total{span_name="peer.proposal.receive"}[5m]))
+```
+
+### StatsD Metrics
+
+```promql
+# Validated ledger age (should be < 10s)
+rippled_LedgerMaster_Validated_Ledger_Age
+
+# Active peer count
+rippled_Peer_Finder_Active_Inbound_Peers + rippled_Peer_Finder_Active_Outbound_Peers
+
+# RPC response time p95
+histogram_quantile(0.95, rippled_rpc_time_bucket)
+
+# Total network bytes in (rate)
+rate(rippled_total_Bytes_In[5m])
+
+# Operating mode (should be "Full" after startup)
+rippled_State_Accounting_Full_duration
+```
+
+---
+
+## 6. SpanNames Header File Inventory
+
+All span names and attributes are defined as compile-time constants in colocated `SpanNames.h` headers. Each header lives next to its subsystem's implementation.
+
+| Header File                                     | Subsystem     | Span Count | Attribute Count | Notes                                       |
+| ----------------------------------------------- | ------------- | ---------- | --------------- | ------------------------------------------- |
+| `src/xrpld/rpc/detail/RpcSpanNames.h`           | RPC (HTTP/WS) | 5          | 5               | Includes `rpc.ws_upgrade` error path        |
+| `src/xrpld/rpc/detail/PathFindSpanNames.h`      | PathFind      | 5          | 8               | Covers one-shot and subscription paths      |
+| `src/xrpld/app/main/GrpcSpanNames.h`            | gRPC          | 1          | 3               | Flat single-span structure per request      |
+| `src/xrpld/app/misc/TxSpanNames.h`              | Transaction   | 2          | 7               | Includes peer context attributes            |
+| `src/xrpld/app/misc/detail/TxQSpanNames.h`      | TxQ           | 6          | 11              | Queue lifecycle: enqueue through cleanup    |
+| `src/xrpld/app/consensus/ConsensusSpanNames.h`  | Consensus     | 10         | 35              | Deterministic trace IDs, close-time details |
+| `src/xrpld/app/ledger/detail/LedgerSpanNames.h` | Ledger        | 4          | 7               | Build, store, validate, tx.apply            |
+| `src/xrpld/overlay/detail/PeerSpanNames.h`      | Peer Overlay  | 2          | 5               | Proposal and validation receive             |
+
+> **Design convention**: SpanNames headers are colocated with their subsystem classes rather than centralized in `telemetry/`. See [memory/feedback_span-names-colocation.md](../.claude/memory/feedback_span-names-colocation.md) for rationale.
+
+---
+
+## 7. Known Issues
+
+| Issue                                                              | Impact                                           | Status                                                               |
+| ------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `warn` and `drop` metrics use non-standard StatsD `\|m` meter type | Metrics silently dropped by OTel StatsD receiver | Phase 6 Task 6.1 — needs `\|m` → `\|c` change in StatsDCollector.cpp |
+| `rippled_job_count` may not emit in standalone mode                | Missing from Prometheus in some test configs     | Requires active job queue activity                                   |
+| `rippled_rpc_requests` depends on `[insight]` config               | Zero series if StatsD not configured             | Requires `[insight] server=statsd` in xrpld.cfg                      |
+| Peer tracing disabled by default                                   | No `peer.*` spans unless `trace_peer=1`          | Intentional — high volume on mainnet                                 |
+
+---
+
+## 8. Privacy and Data Collection
+
+The telemetry system is designed with privacy in mind:
+
+- **No private keys** are ever included in spans or metrics
+- **No account balances** or financial data is traced
+- **Transaction hashes** are included (public on-ledger data) but not transaction contents
+- **Peer IDs** are internal identifiers, not IP addresses
+- **All telemetry is opt-in** — disabled by default at build time (`-Dtelemetry=OFF`)
+- **Sampling** reduces data volume — `sampling_ratio=0.01` recommended for production
+- **Data stays local** — the default stack sends data to `localhost` only
+
+---
+
+## 9. Configuration Quick Reference
+
+> **Full reference**: [05-configuration-reference.md](./05-configuration-reference.md) §5.1 for all `[telemetry]` options with defaults, the config parser implementation, and collector YAML configurations (dev and production).
+
+### Minimal Setup (development)
+
+```ini
+[telemetry]
+enabled=1
+
+[insight]
+server=statsd
+address=127.0.0.1:8125
+prefix=rippled
+```
+
+### Production Setup
+
+```ini
+[telemetry]
+enabled=1
+endpoint=http://otel-collector:4318/v1/traces
+sampling_ratio=0.01
+trace_peer=0
+batch_size=1024
+max_queue_size=4096
+
+[insight]
+server=statsd
+address=otel-collector:8125
+prefix=rippled
+```
+
+### Trace Category Toggle
+
+| Config Key           | Default | Controls                     |
+| -------------------- | ------- | ---------------------------- |
+| `trace_rpc`          | `1`     | `rpc.*` spans                |
+| `trace_transactions` | `1`     | `tx.*` spans                 |
+| `trace_consensus`    | `1`     | `consensus.*` spans          |
+| `trace_ledger`       | `1`     | `ledger.*` spans             |
+| `trace_peer`         | `0`     | `peer.*` spans (high volume) |

OpenTelemetryPlan/OpenTelemetryPlan.md

@@ -0,0 +1,243 @@
+# [OpenTelemetry](00-tracing-fundamentals.md) Distributed Tracing Implementation Plan for xrpld (xrpld)
+
+## Executive Summary
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+This document provides a comprehensive implementation plan for integrating OpenTelemetry distributed tracing into the xrpld XRP Ledger node software. The plan addresses the unique challenges of a decentralized peer-to-peer system where trace context must propagate across network boundaries between independent nodes.
+
+### Key Benefits
+
+- **End-to-end transaction visibility**: Track transactions from submission through consensus to ledger inclusion
+- **Consensus round analysis**: Understand timing and behavior of consensus phases across validators
+- **RPC performance insights**: Identify slow handlers and optimize response times
+- **Network topology understanding**: Visualize message propagation patterns between peers
+- **Incident debugging**: Correlate events across distributed nodes during issues
+
+### Estimated Performance Overhead
+
+| Metric        | Overhead   | Notes                               |
+| ------------- | ---------- | ----------------------------------- |
+| CPU           | 1-3%       | Span creation and attribute setting |
+| Memory        | 2-5 MB     | Batch buffer for pending spans      |
+| Network       | 10-50 KB/s | Compressed OTLP export to collector |
+| Latency (p99) | <2%        | With proper sampling configuration  |
+
+---
+
+## Document Structure
+
+This implementation plan is organized into modular documents for easier navigation:
+
+<div align="center">
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    overview["📋 OpenTelemetryPlan.md<br/>(This Document)"]
+
+    subgraph fundamentals["Fundamentals"]
+        fund["00-tracing-fundamentals.md"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph analysis["Analysis & Design"]
+        arch["01-architecture-analysis.md"]
+        design["02-design-decisions.md"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph impl["Implementation"]
+        strategy["03-implementation-strategy.md"]
+        code["04-code-samples.md"]
+        config["05-configuration-reference.md"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph deploy["Deployment & Planning"]
+        phases["06-implementation-phases.md"]
+        backends["07-observability-backends.md"]
+        appendix["08-appendix.md"]
+        poc["POC_taskList.md"]
+        dataref["09-data-collection-reference.md"]
+    end
+
+    overview --> fundamentals
+    overview --> analysis
+    overview --> impl
+    overview --> deploy
+
+    fund --> arch
+    arch --> design
+    design --> strategy
+    strategy --> code
+    code --> config
+    config --> phases
+    phases --> backends
+    backends --> appendix
+    phases --> poc
+    appendix --> dataref
+
+    style overview fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff,stroke-width:2px
+    style fundamentals fill:#00695c,stroke:#004d40,color:#fff
+    style fund fill:#00695c,stroke:#004d40,color:#fff
+    style analysis fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style impl fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style deploy fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+    style arch fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style design fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style strategy fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style code fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style config fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style phases fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+    style backends fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+    style appendix fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+    style poc fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+    style dataref fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+```
+
+</div>
+
+---
+
+## Table of Contents
+
+| Section | Document                                                       | Description                                                            |
+| ------- | -------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **0**   | [Tracing Fundamentals](./00-tracing-fundamentals.md)           | Distributed tracing concepts, span relationships, context propagation  |
+| **1**   | [Architecture Analysis](./01-architecture-analysis.md)         | xrpld component analysis, trace points, instrumentation priorities     |
+| **2**   | [Design Decisions](./02-design-decisions.md)                   | SDK selection, exporters, span naming, attributes, context propagation |
+| **3**   | [Implementation Strategy](./03-implementation-strategy.md)     | Directory structure, key principles, performance optimization          |
+| **4**   | [Code Samples](./04-code-samples.md)                           | C++ implementation examples for core infrastructure and key modules    |
+| **5**   | [Configuration Reference](./05-configuration-reference.md)     | xrpld config, CMake integration, Collector configurations              |
+| **6**   | [Implementation Phases](./06-implementation-phases.md)         | 5-phase timeline, tasks, risks, success metrics                        |
+| **7**   | [Observability Backends](./07-observability-backends.md)       | Backend selection guide and production architecture                    |
+| **8**   | [Appendix](./08-appendix.md)                                   | Glossary, references, version history                                  |
+| **9**   | [Data Collection Reference](./09-data-collection-reference.md) | Complete inventory of spans, attributes, metrics, and dashboards       |
+| **POC** | [POC Task List](./POC_taskList.md)                             | Proof of concept tasks for RPC tracing end-to-end demo                 |
+
+---
+
+## 0. Tracing Fundamentals
+
+This document introduces distributed tracing concepts for readers unfamiliar with the domain. It covers what traces and spans are, how parent-child and follows-from relationships model causality, how context propagates across service boundaries, and how sampling controls data volume. It also maps these concepts to xrpld-specific scenarios like transaction relay and consensus.
+
+➡️ **[Read Tracing Fundamentals](./00-tracing-fundamentals.md)**
+
+---
+
+## 1. Architecture Analysis
+
+> **WS** = WebSocket | **TxQ** = Transaction Queue
+
+The xrpld node consists of several key components that require instrumentation for comprehensive distributed tracing. The main areas include the RPC server (HTTP/WebSocket), Overlay P2P network, Consensus mechanism (RCLConsensus), JobQueue for async task execution, PathFinding, Transaction Queue (TxQ), fee escalation (LoadManager), ledger acquisition, validator management, and existing observability infrastructure (PerfLog, Insight/StatsD, Journal logging).
+
+Key trace points span across transaction submission via RPC, peer-to-peer message propagation, consensus round execution, ledger building, path computation, transaction queue behavior, fee escalation, and validator health. The implementation prioritizes high-value, low-risk components first: RPC handlers provide immediate value with minimal risk, while consensus tracing requires careful implementation to avoid timing impacts.
+
+➡️ **[Read full Architecture Analysis](./01-architecture-analysis.md)**
+
+---
+
+## 2. Design Decisions
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol | **CNCF** = Cloud Native Computing Foundation
+
+The OpenTelemetry C++ SDK is selected for its CNCF backing, active development, and native performance characteristics. Traces are exported via OTLP/gRPC (primary) or OTLP/HTTP (fallback) to an OpenTelemetry Collector, which provides flexible routing and sampling.
+
+Span naming follows a hierarchical `<component>.<operation>` convention (e.g., `rpc.submit`, `tx.relay`, `consensus.round`). Context propagation uses W3C Trace Context headers for HTTP and embedded Protocol Buffer fields for P2P messages. The implementation coexists with existing PerfLog and Insight observability systems through correlation IDs.
+
+**Data Collection & Privacy**: Telemetry collects only operational metadata (timing, counts, hashes) — never sensitive content (private keys, balances, amounts, raw payloads). Privacy protection includes account hashing, configurable redaction, sampling, and collector-level filtering. Node operators retain full control over telemetry configuration.
+
+➡️ **[Read full Design Decisions](./02-design-decisions.md)**
+
+---
+
+## 3. Implementation Strategy
+
+The telemetry code is organized under `include/xrpl/telemetry/` for headers and `src/libxrpl/telemetry/` for implementation. Key principles include RAII-based span management via `SpanGuard` (with `discard()` for dropping unwanted spans), a `FilteringSpanProcessor` that intercepts `OnEnd()` to prevent discarded spans from entering the export pipeline, conditional compilation with `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY`, and minimal runtime overhead through batch processing and efficient sampling.
+
+Performance optimization strategies include probabilistic head sampling (10% default), tail-based sampling at the collector for errors and slow traces, batch export to reduce network overhead, and conditional instrumentation that compiles to no-ops when disabled.
+
+➡️ **[Read full Implementation Strategy](./03-implementation-strategy.md)**
+
+---
+
+## 4. Code Samples
+
+C++ implementation examples are provided for the core telemetry infrastructure and key modules:
+
+- `Telemetry.h` - Core interface for tracer access and span creation
+- `SpanGuard.h` - RAII wrapper for automatic span lifecycle management with `discard()` support
+- `DiscardFlag.h` - Thread-local flag for span discard signaling between SpanGuard and FilteringSpanProcessor
+- `SpanGuard.cpp` - Pimpl implementation confining all OTel SDK types
+- Protocol Buffer extensions for trace context propagation
+- Module-specific instrumentation (RPC, Consensus, P2P, JobQueue)
+- Remaining modules (PathFinding, TxQ, Validator, etc.) follow the same patterns
+
+➡️ **[View all Code Samples](./04-code-samples.md)**
+
+---
+
+## 5. Configuration Reference
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol | **APM** = Application Performance Monitoring
+
+Configuration is handled through the `[telemetry]` section in `xrpld.cfg` with options for enabling/disabling, exporter selection, endpoint configuration, sampling ratios, and component-level filtering. CMake integration includes a `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY` option for compile-time control.
+
+OpenTelemetry Collector configurations are provided for development and production (with tail-based sampling, Tempo, and Elastic APM). Docker Compose examples enable quick local development environment setup.
+
+➡️ **[View full Configuration Reference](./05-configuration-reference.md)**
+
+---
+
+## 6. Implementation Phases
+
+The implementation spans 9 weeks across 5 phases:
+
+| Phase | Duration  | Focus               | Key Deliverables                                    |
+| ----- | --------- | ------------------- | --------------------------------------------------- |
+| 1     | Weeks 1-2 | Core Infrastructure | SDK integration, Telemetry interface, Configuration |
+| 2     | Weeks 3-4 | RPC Tracing         | HTTP context extraction, Handler instrumentation    |
+| 3     | Weeks 5-6 | Transaction Tracing | Protocol Buffer context, Relay propagation          |
+| 4     | Weeks 7-8 | Consensus Tracing   | Round spans, Proposal/validation tracing            |
+| 5     | Week 9    | Documentation       | Runbook, Dashboards, Training                       |
+
+**Total Effort**: 47 person-days (2 developers working in parallel)
+
+➡️ **[View full Implementation Phases](./06-implementation-phases.md)**
+
+---
+
+## 7. Observability Backends
+
+> **APM** = Application Performance Monitoring | **GCS** = Google Cloud Storage
+
+Grafana Tempo is recommended for all environments due to its cost-effectiveness and Grafana integration, while Elastic APM is ideal for organizations with existing Elastic infrastructure.
+
+The recommended production architecture uses a gateway collector pattern with regional collectors performing tail-based sampling, routing traces to multiple backends (Tempo for primary storage, Elastic for log correlation, S3/GCS for long-term archive).
+
+➡️ **[View Observability Backend Recommendations](./07-observability-backends.md)**
+
+---
+
+## 8. Appendix
+
+The appendix contains a glossary of OpenTelemetry and xrpld-specific terms, references to external documentation and specifications, version history for this implementation plan, and a complete document index.
+
+➡️ **[View Appendix](./08-appendix.md)**
+
+---
+
+## 9. Data Collection Reference
+
+A single-source-of-truth reference documenting every piece of telemetry data collected by xrpld. Covers all 16 OpenTelemetry spans with their 22 attributes, all StatsD metrics (gauges, counters, histograms, overlay traffic), SpanMetrics-derived Prometheus metrics, and all 10 Grafana dashboards. Includes Jaeger search guides and Prometheus query examples.
+
+➡️ **[View Data Collection Reference](./09-data-collection-reference.md)**
+
+---
+
+## POC Task List
+
+A step-by-step task list for building a minimal end-to-end proof of concept that demonstrates distributed tracing in xrpld. The POC scope is limited to RPC tracing — showing request traces flowing from xrpld through an OpenTelemetry Collector into Tempo, viewable in Grafana.
+
+➡️ **[View POC Task List](./POC_taskList.md)**
+
+---
+
+_This document provides a comprehensive implementation plan for integrating OpenTelemetry distributed tracing into the xrpld XRP Ledger node software. For detailed information on any section, follow the links to the corresponding sub-documents._

OpenTelemetryPlan/POC_taskList.md

@@ -0,0 +1,628 @@
+# OpenTelemetry POC Task List
+
+> **Goal**: Build a minimal end-to-end proof of concept that demonstrates distributed tracing in xrpld. A successful POC will show RPC request traces flowing from xrpld through an OTel Collector into Tempo, viewable in Grafana.
+>
+> **Scope**: RPC tracing only (highest value, lowest risk per the [CRAWL phase](./06-implementation-phases.md#6102-quick-wins-immediate-value) in the implementation phases). No cross-node P2P context propagation or consensus tracing in the POC.
+
+### Related Plan Documents
+
+| Document                                                         | Relevance to POC                                                                                                                                        |
+| ---------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| [00-tracing-fundamentals.md](./00-tracing-fundamentals.md)       | Core concepts: traces, spans, context propagation, sampling                                                                                             |
+| [01-architecture-analysis.md](./01-architecture-analysis.md)     | RPC request flow (§1.5), key trace points (§1.6), instrumentation priority (§1.7)                                                                       |
+| [02-design-decisions.md](./02-design-decisions.md)               | SDK selection (§2.1), exporter config (§2.2), span naming (§2.3), attribute schema (§2.4), coexistence with PerfLog/Insight (§2.6)                      |
+| [03-implementation-strategy.md](./03-implementation-strategy.md) | Directory structure (§3.1), key principles (§3.2), performance overhead (§3.3-3.6), conditional compilation (§3.7.3), code intrusiveness (§3.9)         |
+| [04-code-samples.md](./04-code-samples.md)                       | Telemetry interface (§4.1), SpanGuard factory methods (§4.2-4.3), RPC instrumentation (§4.5.3)                                                          |
+| [05-configuration-reference.md](./05-configuration-reference.md) | xrpld config (§5.1), config parser (§5.2), Application integration (§5.3), CMake (§5.4), Collector config (§5.5), Docker Compose (§5.6), Grafana (§5.8) |
+| [06-implementation-phases.md](./06-implementation-phases.md)     | Phase 1 core tasks (§6.2), Phase 2 RPC tasks (§6.3), quick wins (§6.10), definition of done (§6.11)                                                     |
+| [07-observability-backends.md](./07-observability-backends.md)   | Tempo dev setup (§7.1), Grafana dashboards (§7.6), alert rules (§7.6.3)                                                                                 |
+
+---
+
+## Task 0: Docker Observability Stack Setup
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+**Objective**: Stand up the backend infrastructure to receive, store, and display traces.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Create `docker/telemetry/docker-compose.yml` in the repo with three services:
+  1. **OpenTelemetry Collector** (`otel/opentelemetry-collector-contrib:0.92.0`)
+     - Expose ports `4317` (OTLP gRPC) and `4318` (OTLP HTTP)
+     - Expose port `13133` (health check)
+     - Mount a config file `docker/telemetry/otel-collector-config.yaml`
+  2. **Tempo** (`grafana/tempo:2.6.1`)
+     - Expose port `3200` (HTTP API) and `4317` (OTLP gRPC, internal)
+  3. **Grafana** (`grafana/grafana:latest`) — optional but useful
+     - Expose port `3000`
+     - Enable anonymous admin access for local dev (`GF_AUTH_ANONYMOUS_ENABLED=true`, `GF_AUTH_ANONYMOUS_ORG_ROLE=Admin`)
+     - Provision Tempo as a data source via `docker/telemetry/grafana/provisioning/datasources/tempo.yaml`
+
+- Create `docker/telemetry/otel-collector-config.yaml`:
+
+  ```yaml
+  receivers:
+    otlp:
+      protocols:
+        grpc:
+          endpoint: 0.0.0.0:4317
+        http:
+          endpoint: 0.0.0.0:4318
+
+  processors:
+    batch:
+      timeout: 1s
+      send_batch_size: 100
+
+  exporters:
+    logging:
+      verbosity: detailed
+    otlp/tempo:
+      endpoint: tempo:4317
+      tls:
+        insecure: true
+
+  service:
+    pipelines:
+      traces:
+        receivers: [otlp]
+        processors: [batch]
+        exporters: [logging, otlp/tempo]
+  ```
+
+- Create Grafana Tempo datasource provisioning file at `docker/telemetry/grafana/provisioning/datasources/tempo.yaml`:
+  ```yaml
+  apiVersion: 1
+  datasources:
+    - name: Tempo
+      type: tempo
+      access: proxy
+      url: http://tempo:3200
+  ```
+
+**Verification**: Run `docker compose -f docker/telemetry/docker-compose.yml up -d`, then:
+
+- `curl http://localhost:13133` returns healthy (Collector)
+- `http://localhost:3000` opens Grafana (Tempo datasource available, no traces yet)
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [05-configuration-reference.md §5.5](./05-configuration-reference.md) — Collector config (dev YAML with Tempo exporter)
+- [05-configuration-reference.md §5.6](./05-configuration-reference.md) — Docker Compose development environment
+- [07-observability-backends.md §7.1](./07-observability-backends.md) — Tempo quick start and backend selection
+- [05-configuration-reference.md §5.8](./05-configuration-reference.md) — Grafana datasource provisioning and dashboards
+
+---
+
+## Task 1: Add OpenTelemetry C++ SDK Dependency
+
+**Objective**: Make `opentelemetry-cpp` available to the build system.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Edit `conanfile.py` to add `opentelemetry-cpp` as an **optional** dependency. The gRPC otel plugin flag (`"grpc/*:otel_plugin": False`) in the existing conanfile may need to remain false — we pull the OTel SDK separately.
+  - Add a Conan option: `with_telemetry = [True, False]` defaulting to `False`
+  - When `with_telemetry` is `True`, add `opentelemetry-cpp` to `self.requires()`
+  - Required OTel Conan components: `opentelemetry-cpp` (which bundles api, sdk, and exporters). If the package isn't in Conan Center, consider using `FetchContent` in CMake or building from source as a fallback.
+- Edit `CMakeLists.txt`:
+  - Add option: `option(XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY "Enable OpenTelemetry tracing" OFF)`
+  - When ON, `find_package(opentelemetry-cpp CONFIG REQUIRED)` and add compile definition `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY`
+  - When OFF, do nothing (zero build impact)
+- Verify the build succeeds with `-DXRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=OFF` (no regressions) and with `-DXRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=ON` (SDK links successfully).
+
+**Key files**:
+
+- `conanfile.py`
+- `CMakeLists.txt`
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [05-configuration-reference.md §5.4](./05-configuration-reference.md) — CMake integration, `FindOpenTelemetry.cmake`, `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY` option
+- [03-implementation-strategy.md §3.2](./03-implementation-strategy.md) — Key principle: zero-cost when disabled via compile-time flags
+- [02-design-decisions.md §2.1](./02-design-decisions.md) — SDK selection rationale and required OTel components
+
+---
+
+## Task 2: Create Core Telemetry Interface and NullTelemetry
+
+**Objective**: Define the `Telemetry` abstract interface and a no-op implementation so the rest of the codebase can reference telemetry without hard-depending on the OTel SDK.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Create `include/xrpl/telemetry/Telemetry.h`:
+  - Define `namespace xrpl::telemetry`
+  - Define `struct Telemetry::Setup` holding: `enabled`, `exporterEndpoint`, `samplingRatio`, `serviceName`, `serviceVersion`, `serviceInstanceId`, `traceRpc`, `traceTransactions`, `traceConsensus`, `tracePeer`
+  - Define abstract `class Telemetry` with:
+    - `virtual void start() = 0;`
+    - `virtual void stop() = 0;`
+    - `virtual bool isEnabled() const = 0;`
+    - `virtual nostd::shared_ptr<Tracer> getTracer(string_view name = "xrpld") = 0;`
+    - `virtual nostd::shared_ptr<Span> startSpan(string_view name, SpanKind kind = kInternal) = 0;`
+    - `virtual nostd::shared_ptr<Span> startSpan(string_view name, Context const& parentContext, SpanKind kind = kInternal) = 0;`
+    - `virtual bool shouldTraceRpc() const = 0;`
+    - `virtual bool shouldTraceTransactions() const = 0;`
+    - `virtual bool shouldTraceConsensus() const = 0;`
+  - Factory: `std::unique_ptr<Telemetry> make_Telemetry(Setup const&, beast::Journal);`
+  - Config parser: `Telemetry::Setup setup_Telemetry(Section const&, std::string const& nodePublicKey, std::string const& version);`
+
+- Create `include/xrpl/telemetry/SpanGuard.h`:
+  - RAII guard with static factory methods (`rpcSpan()`, `txSpan()`, `consensusSpan()`, etc.) that access the global `Telemetry::getInstance()` singleton internally.
+  - Uses pimpl idiom to hide all OTel types -- the public header has zero `opentelemetry/` includes.
+  - Convenience instance methods: `setAttribute()`, `setOk()`, `setStatus()`, `addEvent()`, `recordException()`, `context()`, `discard()`
+  - When `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY` is not defined, the entire class compiles to a no-op stub.
+  - See [04-code-samples.md](./04-code-samples.md) §4.2-4.3 for the full API reference.
+
+- Create `src/libxrpl/telemetry/NullTelemetry.cpp`:
+  - Implements `Telemetry` with all no-ops.
+  - `isEnabled()` returns `false`, `startSpan()` returns a noop span.
+  - This is used when `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY` is OFF or `enabled=0` in config.
+
+- Guard all OTel SDK headers behind `#ifdef XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY`. The `NullTelemetry` implementation should compile without the OTel SDK present.
+
+**Key new files**:
+
+- `include/xrpl/telemetry/Telemetry.h`
+- `include/xrpl/telemetry/SpanGuard.h`
+- `src/libxrpl/telemetry/NullTelemetry.cpp`
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [04-code-samples.md §4.1](./04-code-samples.md) — Full `Telemetry` interface with `Setup` struct, lifecycle, tracer access, span creation, and component filtering methods
+- [04-code-samples.md §4.2-4.3](./04-code-samples.md) — SpanGuard with factory methods, pimpl design, no-op stub, and discard support
+- [03-implementation-strategy.md §3.1](./03-implementation-strategy.md) — Directory structure: `include/xrpl/telemetry/` for headers, `src/libxrpl/telemetry/` for implementation
+- [03-implementation-strategy.md §3.7.3](./03-implementation-strategy.md) — Conditional instrumentation and zero-cost compile-time disabled pattern
+
+---
+
+## Task 3: Implement OTel-Backed Telemetry
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+**Objective**: Implement the real `Telemetry` class that initializes the OTel SDK, configures the OTLP exporter and batch processor, and creates tracers/spans.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Create `src/libxrpl/telemetry/Telemetry.cpp` (compiled only when `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=ON`):
+  - `class TelemetryImpl : public Telemetry` that:
+    - In `start()`: creates a `TracerProvider` with:
+      - Resource attributes: `service.name`, `service.version`, `service.instance.id`
+      - An `OtlpHttpExporter` pointed at `setup.exporterEndpoint` (default `localhost:4318`)
+      - A `BatchSpanProcessor` with configurable batch size and delay
+      - A `TraceIdRatioBasedSampler` using `setup.samplingRatio`
+    - Sets the global `TracerProvider`
+    - In `stop()`: calls `ForceFlush()` then shuts down the provider
+    - In `startSpan()`: delegates to `getTracer()->StartSpan(name, ...)`
+    - `shouldTraceRpc()` etc. read from `Setup` fields
+
+- Create `src/libxrpl/telemetry/TelemetryConfig.cpp`:
+  - `setup_Telemetry()` parses the `[telemetry]` config section from `xrpld.cfg`
+  - Maps config keys: `enabled`, `exporter`, `endpoint`, `sampling_ratio`, `trace_rpc`, `trace_transactions`, `trace_consensus`, `trace_peer`
+
+- Wire `make_Telemetry()` factory:
+  - If `setup.enabled` is true AND `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY` is defined: return `TelemetryImpl`
+  - Otherwise: return `NullTelemetry`
+
+- Add telemetry source files to CMake. When `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=ON`, compile `Telemetry.cpp` and `TelemetryConfig.cpp` and link against `opentelemetry-cpp::api`, `opentelemetry-cpp::sdk`, `opentelemetry-cpp::otlp_grpc_exporter`. When OFF, compile only `NullTelemetry.cpp`.
+
+**Key new files**:
+
+- `src/libxrpl/telemetry/Telemetry.cpp`
+- `src/libxrpl/telemetry/TelemetryConfig.cpp`
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `CMakeLists.txt` (add telemetry library target)
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [04-code-samples.md §4.1](./04-code-samples.md) — `Telemetry` interface that `TelemetryImpl` must implement
+- [05-configuration-reference.md §5.2](./05-configuration-reference.md) — `setup_Telemetry()` config parser implementation
+- [02-design-decisions.md §2.2](./02-design-decisions.md) — OTLP/gRPC exporter config (endpoint, TLS options)
+- [02-design-decisions.md §2.4.1](./02-design-decisions.md) — Resource attributes: `service.name`, `service.version`, `service.instance.id`, `xrpl.network.id`
+- [03-implementation-strategy.md §3.4](./03-implementation-strategy.md) — Per-operation CPU costs and overhead budget for span creation
+- [03-implementation-strategy.md §3.5](./03-implementation-strategy.md) — Memory overhead: static (~456 KB) and dynamic (~1.2 MB) budgets
+
+---
+
+## Task 4: Integrate Telemetry into Application Lifecycle
+
+**Objective**: Wire the `Telemetry` object into the `ServiceRegistry` / `Application` so all components can access it.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Edit `include/xrpl/core/ServiceRegistry.h`:
+  - Forward-declare `namespace telemetry { class Telemetry; }` inside `namespace xrpl`
+  - Add pure virtual method: `virtual telemetry::Telemetry& getTelemetry() = 0;`
+  - (`Application` extends `ServiceRegistry`, so this is automatically available on `Application` too)
+
+- Edit `src/xrpld/app/main/Application.cpp` (the `ApplicationImp` class):
+  - Add member: `std::unique_ptr<telemetry::Telemetry> telemetry_;`
+  - In the member initializer list, construct telemetry with an empty
+    `serviceInstanceId` (node identity is not yet known):
+    ```cpp
+    , telemetry_(
+          telemetry::make_Telemetry(
+              telemetry::setup_Telemetry(
+                  config_->section("telemetry"),
+                  "",  // Updated later via setServiceInstanceId()
+                  BuildInfo::getVersionString()),
+              logs_->journal("Telemetry")))
+    ```
+  - In `setup()`, after `nodeIdentity_` is resolved, inject the node
+    public key as the service instance ID:
+    ```cpp
+    if (!config_->section("telemetry").exists("service_instance_id"))
+        telemetry_->setServiceInstanceId(
+            toBase58(TokenType::NodePublic, nodeIdentity_->first));
+    ```
+  - In `start()`: call `telemetry_->start()`
+  - In `run()` (shutdown path): call `telemetry_->stop()` (to flush pending spans)
+  - Implement `getTelemetry()` override: return `*telemetry_`
+
+- Add `[telemetry]` section to the example config `cfg/xrpld-example.cfg`:
+  ```ini
+  # [telemetry]
+  # enabled=1
+  # endpoint=http://localhost:4318/v1/traces
+  # sampling_ratio=1.0
+  # trace_rpc=1
+  ```
+
+> **Access patterns**: Components holding `ServiceRegistry&` (e.g.
+> `NetworkOPsImp`) call `registry_.get().getTelemetry()`. Components
+> holding `Application&` (e.g. `ServerHandler`, `PeerImp`,
+> `RCLConsensusAdaptor`) call `app_.getTelemetry()` directly. Both
+> resolve to the same `Telemetry` instance.
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `include/xrpl/core/ServiceRegistry.h`
+- `src/xrpld/app/main/Application.cpp`
+- `cfg/xrpld-example.cfg` (example config)
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [05-configuration-reference.md §5.3](./05-configuration-reference.md) — `ApplicationImp` changes: member declaration, constructor init, `start()`/`stop()` wiring, `getTelemetry()` override
+- [05-configuration-reference.md §5.1](./05-configuration-reference.md) — `[telemetry]` config section format and all option defaults
+- [03-implementation-strategy.md §3.9.2](./03-implementation-strategy.md) — File impact assessment: `Application.cpp` ~15 lines added, ~3 changed (Low risk)
+
+---
+
+## Task 5: Add SpanGuard Factory Methods
+
+**Objective**: Add static factory methods to SpanGuard that provide type-safe, one-liner instrumentation and compile to zero-cost no-ops when telemetry is disabled. This replaces the earlier macro-based approach (`TracingInstrumentation.h` has been removed).
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Update `include/xrpl/telemetry/SpanGuard.h`:
+  - Add static factory methods that access the global `Telemetry::getInstance()` singleton and check the relevant component filter before creating a span:
+
+    ```cpp
+    // Each factory checks the global Telemetry instance internally.
+    // No Telemetry& reference needed at the call site.
+    auto span = telemetry::SpanGuard::rpcSpan("rpc.request");
+    span.setAttribute("xrpl.rpc.command", command);
+    span.setAttribute("xrpl.rpc.status", status);
+    ```
+
+  - Factory methods: `rpcSpan()`, `txSpan()`, `consensusSpan()`, `peerSpan()`, `ledgerSpan()`, `span()`
+  - Use the pimpl idiom to hide all OTel types from the public header (zero `opentelemetry/` includes)
+  - When `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY` is NOT defined, the entire class compiles to a no-op stub with empty inline method bodies
+
+- No separate `TracingInstrumentation.h` file is needed. All instrumentation call sites use `#include <xrpl/telemetry/SpanGuard.h>` directly.
+
+**Key modified file**:
+
+- `include/xrpl/telemetry/SpanGuard.h`
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [04-code-samples.md §4.3](./04-code-samples.md) — SpanGuard API reference: factory methods, usage patterns, compile-time disabled behavior, and discard support
+- [03-implementation-strategy.md §3.7.3](./03-implementation-strategy.md) — Conditional instrumentation pattern: factory methods handle compile-time and runtime checks internally
+- [03-implementation-strategy.md §3.9.7](./03-implementation-strategy.md) — Before/after code examples showing minimal intrusiveness (~1-3 lines per instrumentation point)
+
+---
+
+## Task 6: Instrument RPC ServerHandler
+
+> **WS** = WebSocket
+
+**Objective**: Add tracing to the HTTP RPC entry point so every incoming RPC request creates a span.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Edit `src/xrpld/rpc/detail/ServerHandler.cpp`:
+  - `#include <xrpl/telemetry/SpanGuard.h>`
+  - In `ServerHandler::onRequest(Session& session)`:
+    - At the top of the method, add: `auto span = telemetry::SpanGuard::rpcSpan("rpc.request");`
+    - After the RPC command name is extracted, set attribute: `span.setAttribute("xrpl.rpc.command", command);`
+    - After the response status is known, set: `span.setAttribute("http.status_code", static_cast<int64_t>(statusCode));`
+    - Wrap error paths with: `span.recordException(e);`
+  - In `ServerHandler::processRequest(...)`:
+    - Add a child span: `auto span = telemetry::SpanGuard::rpcSpan("rpc.process");`
+    - Set method attribute: `span.setAttribute("xrpl.rpc.method", request_method);`
+  - In `ServerHandler::onWSMessage(...)` (WebSocket path):
+    - Add: `auto span = telemetry::SpanGuard::rpcSpan("rpc.ws.message");`
+
+- The goal is to see spans like:
+  ```
+  rpc.request
+    └── rpc.process
+  ```
+  in Tempo/Grafana for every HTTP RPC call.
+
+**Key modified file**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/rpc/detail/ServerHandler.cpp` (~15-25 lines added)
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [04-code-samples.md §4.5.3](./04-code-samples.md) — Complete `ServerHandler::onRequest()` instrumented code sample using SpanGuard factory methods
+- [01-architecture-analysis.md §1.5](./01-architecture-analysis.md) — RPC request flow diagram: HTTP request -> attributes -> jobqueue.enqueue -> rpc.command -> response
+- [01-architecture-analysis.md §1.6](./01-architecture-analysis.md) — Key trace points table: `rpc.request` in `ServerHandler.cpp::onRequest()` (Priority: High)
+- [02-design-decisions.md §2.3](./02-design-decisions.md) — Span naming convention: `rpc.request`, `rpc.command.*`
+- [02-design-decisions.md §2.4.2](./02-design-decisions.md) — RPC span attributes: `xrpl.rpc.command`, `xrpl.rpc.version`, `xrpl.rpc.role`, `xrpl.rpc.params`
+- [03-implementation-strategy.md §3.9.2](./03-implementation-strategy.md) — File impact: `ServerHandler.cpp` ~40 lines added, ~10 changed (Low risk)
+
+---
+
+## Task 7: Instrument RPC Command Execution
+
+**Objective**: Add per-command tracing inside the RPC handler so each command (e.g., `submit`, `account_info`, `server_info`) gets its own child span.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Edit `src/xrpld/rpc/detail/RPCHandler.cpp`:
+  - `#include <xrpl/telemetry/SpanGuard.h>`
+  - In `doCommand(RPC::JsonContext& context, Json::Value& result)`:
+    - At the top: `auto span = telemetry::SpanGuard::rpcSpan("rpc.command." + context.method);`
+    - Set attributes:
+      - `span.setAttribute("xrpl.rpc.command", context.method);`
+      - `span.setAttribute("xrpl.rpc.version", static_cast<int64_t>(context.apiVersion));`
+      - `span.setAttribute("xrpl.rpc.role", (context.role == Role::ADMIN) ? "admin" : "user");`
+    - On success: `span.setAttribute("xrpl.rpc.status", "success");`
+    - On error: `span.setAttribute("xrpl.rpc.status", "error");` and set the error message
+
+- After this, traces in Tempo/Grafana should look like:
+  ```
+  rpc.request  (xrpl.rpc.command=account_info)
+    └── rpc.process
+          └── rpc.command.account_info  (xrpl.rpc.version=2, xrpl.rpc.role=user, xrpl.rpc.status=success)
+  ```
+
+**Key modified file**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/rpc/detail/RPCHandler.cpp` (~15-20 lines added)
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [04-code-samples.md §4.5.3](./04-code-samples.md) — `ServerHandler::onRequest()` code sample (includes child span pattern for `rpc.command.*`)
+- [02-design-decisions.md §2.3](./02-design-decisions.md) — Span naming: `rpc.command.*` pattern with dynamic command name (e.g., `rpc.command.server_info`)
+- [02-design-decisions.md §2.4.2](./02-design-decisions.md) — RPC attribute schema: `xrpl.rpc.command`, `xrpl.rpc.version`, `xrpl.rpc.role`, `xrpl.rpc.status`
+- [01-architecture-analysis.md §1.6](./01-architecture-analysis.md) — Key trace points table: `rpc.command.*` in `RPCHandler.cpp::doCommand()` (Priority: High)
+- [02-design-decisions.md §2.6.5](./02-design-decisions.md) — Correlation with PerfLog: how `doCommand()` can link trace_id with existing PerfLog entries
+- [03-implementation-strategy.md §3.4.4](./03-implementation-strategy.md) — RPC request overhead budget: ~1.75 μs total per request
+
+---
+
+## Task 8: Build, Run, and Verify End-to-End
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+**Objective**: Prove the full pipeline works: xrpld emits traces -> OTel Collector receives them -> Tempo stores them for Grafana visualization.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+1. **Start the Docker stack**:
+
+   ```bash
+   docker compose -f docker/telemetry/docker-compose.yml up -d
+   ```
+
+   Verify Collector health: `curl http://localhost:13133`
+
+2. **Build xrpld with telemetry**:
+
+   ```bash
+   # Adjust for your actual build workflow
+   conan install . --build=missing -o with_telemetry=True
+   cmake --preset default -DXRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=ON
+   cmake --build --preset default
+   ```
+
+3. **Configure xrpld**:
+   Add to `xrpld.cfg` (or your local test config):
+
+   ```ini
+   [telemetry]
+   enabled=1
+   endpoint=localhost:4317
+   sampling_ratio=1.0
+   trace_rpc=1
+   ```
+
+4. **Start xrpld** in standalone mode:
+
+   ```bash
+   ./rippled --conf xrpld.cfg -a --start
+   ```
+
+5. **Generate RPC traffic**:
+
+   ```bash
+   # server_info
+   curl -s -X POST http://localhost:5005 \
+     -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
+     -d '{"method":"server_info","params":[{}]}'
+
+   # ledger
+   curl -s -X POST http://localhost:5005 \
+     -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
+     -d '{"method":"ledger","params":[{"ledger_index":"current"}]}'
+
+   # account_info (will error in standalone, that's fine — we trace errors too)
+   curl -s -X POST http://localhost:5005 \
+     -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
+     -d '{"method":"account_info","params":[{"account":"rHb9CJAWyB4rj91VRWn96DkukG4bwdtyTh"}]}'
+   ```
+
+6. **Verify in Grafana (Tempo)**:
+   - Open `http://localhost:3000`
+   - Navigate to Explore → select Tempo datasource
+   - Search for service `xrpld`
+   - Confirm you see traces with spans: `rpc.request` -> `rpc.process` -> `rpc.command.server_info`
+   - Click into a trace and verify attributes: `xrpl.rpc.command`, `xrpl.rpc.status`, `xrpl.rpc.version`
+
+7. **Verify zero-overhead when disabled**:
+   - Rebuild with `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=OFF`, or set `enabled=0` in config
+   - Run the same RPC calls
+   - Confirm no new traces appear and no errors in xrpld logs
+
+**Verification Checklist**:
+
+- [ ] Docker stack starts without errors
+- [ ] xrpld builds with `-DXRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=ON`
+- [ ] xrpld starts and connects to OTel Collector (check xrpld logs for telemetry messages)
+- [ ] Traces appear in Grafana/Tempo under service "xrpld"
+- [ ] Span hierarchy is correct (parent-child relationships)
+- [ ] Span attributes are populated (`xrpl.rpc.command`, `xrpl.rpc.status`, etc.)
+- [ ] Error spans show error status and message
+- [ ] Building with `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=OFF` produces no regressions
+- [ ] Setting `enabled=0` at runtime produces no traces and no errors
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [06-implementation-phases.md §6.11.1](./06-implementation-phases.md) — Phase 1 definition of done: SDK compiles, runtime toggle works, span creation verified in Tempo, config validation passes
+- [06-implementation-phases.md §6.11.2](./06-implementation-phases.md#6112-phase-2-rpc-tracing) — Phase 2 definition of done: 100% RPC coverage, traceparent propagation, <1ms p99 overhead, dashboard deployed
+- [06-implementation-phases.md §6.8](./06-implementation-phases.md) — Success metrics: trace coverage >95%, CPU overhead <3%, memory <5 MB, latency impact <2%
+- [03-implementation-strategy.md §3.9.5](./03-implementation-strategy.md) — Backward compatibility: config optional, protocol unchanged, `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=OFF` produces identical binary
+- [01-architecture-analysis.md §1.8](./01-architecture-analysis.md) — Observable outcomes: what traces, metrics, and dashboards to expect
+
+---
+
+## Task 9: Document POC Results and Next Steps
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol | **WS** = WebSocket
+
+**Objective**: Capture findings, screenshots, and remaining work for the team.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Take screenshots of Grafana/Tempo showing:
+  - The service list with "xrpld"
+  - A trace with the full span tree
+  - Span detail view showing attributes
+- Document any issues encountered (build issues, SDK quirks, missing attributes)
+- Note performance observations (build time impact, any noticeable runtime overhead)
+- Write a short summary of what the POC proves and what it doesn't cover yet:
+  - **Proves**: OTel SDK integrates with xrpld, OTLP export works, RPC traces visible
+  - **Doesn't cover**: Cross-node P2P context propagation, consensus tracing, protobuf trace context, W3C traceparent header extraction, tail-based sampling, production deployment
+- Outline next steps (mapping to the full plan phases):
+  - [Phase 2](./06-implementation-phases.md) completion: [W3C header extraction](./02-design-decisions.md) (§2.5), WebSocket tracing, all [RPC handlers](./01-architecture-analysis.md) (§1.6)
+  - [Phase 3](./06-implementation-phases.md): [Protobuf `TraceContext` message](./04-code-samples.md) (§4.4), [transaction relay tracing](./04-code-samples.md) (§4.5.1) across nodes
+  - [Phase 4](./06-implementation-phases.md): [Consensus round and phase tracing](./04-code-samples.md) (§4.5.2)
+  - [Phase 5](./06-implementation-phases.md): [Production collector config](./05-configuration-reference.md) (§5.5.2), [Grafana dashboards](./07-observability-backends.md) (§7.6), [alerting](./07-observability-backends.md) (§7.6.3)
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [06-implementation-phases.md §6.1](./06-implementation-phases.md) — Full 5-phase timeline overview and Gantt chart
+- [06-implementation-phases.md §6.10](./06-implementation-phases.md) — Crawl-Walk-Run strategy: POC is the CRAWL phase, next steps are WALK and RUN
+- [06-implementation-phases.md §6.12](./06-implementation-phases.md) — Recommended implementation order (14 steps across 9 weeks)
+- [03-implementation-strategy.md §3.9](./03-implementation-strategy.md) — Code intrusiveness assessment and risk matrix for each remaining component
+- [07-observability-backends.md §7.2](./07-observability-backends.md) — Production backend selection (Tempo, Elastic APM, Honeycomb, Datadog)
+- [02-design-decisions.md §2.5](./02-design-decisions.md) — Context propagation design: W3C HTTP headers, protobuf P2P, JobQueue internal
+- [00-tracing-fundamentals.md](./00-tracing-fundamentals.md) — Reference for team onboarding on distributed tracing concepts
+
+---
+
+## Summary
+
+| Task | Description                          | New Files | Modified Files | Depends On |
+| ---- | ------------------------------------ | --------- | -------------- | ---------- |
+| 0    | Docker observability stack           | 4         | 0              | —          |
+| 1    | OTel C++ SDK dependency              | 0         | 2              | —          |
+| 2    | Core Telemetry interface + NullImpl  | 3         | 0              | 1          |
+| 3    | OTel-backed Telemetry implementation | 2         | 1              | 1, 2       |
+| 4    | Application lifecycle integration    | 0         | 3              | 2, 3       |
+| 5    | SpanGuard factory methods            | 0         | 1              | 2          |
+| 6    | Instrument RPC ServerHandler         | 0         | 1              | 4, 5       |
+| 7    | Instrument RPC command execution     | 0         | 1              | 4, 5       |
+| 8    | End-to-end verification              | 0         | 0              | 0-7        |
+| 9    | Document results and next steps      | 1         | 0              | 8          |
+
+**Parallel work**: Tasks 0 and 1 can run in parallel. Tasks 2 and 5 have no dependency on each other. Tasks 6 and 7 can be done in parallel once Tasks 4 and 5 are complete.
+
+---
+
+## Next Steps (Post-POC)
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol | **WS** = WebSocket
+
+### Metrics Pipeline for Grafana Dashboards
+
+The current POC exports **traces only**. Grafana's Explore view can query Tempo for individual traces, but time-series charts (latency histograms, request throughput, error rates) require a **metrics pipeline**. To enable this:
+
+1. **Add a `spanmetrics` connector** to the OTel Collector config that derives RED metrics (Rate, Errors, Duration) from trace spans automatically:
+
+   ```yaml
+   connectors:
+     spanmetrics:
+       histogram:
+         explicit:
+           buckets: [1ms, 5ms, 10ms, 25ms, 50ms, 100ms, 250ms, 500ms, 1s, 5s]
+       dimensions:
+         - name: xrpl.rpc.command
+         - name: xrpl.rpc.status
+
+   exporters:
+     prometheus:
+       endpoint: 0.0.0.0:8889
+
+   service:
+     pipelines:
+       traces:
+         receivers: [otlp]
+         processors: [batch]
+         exporters: [debug, otlp/tempo, spanmetrics]
+       metrics:
+         receivers: [spanmetrics]
+         exporters: [prometheus]
+   ```
+
+2. **Add Prometheus** to the Docker Compose stack to scrape the collector's metrics endpoint.
+
+3. **Add Prometheus as a Grafana datasource** and build dashboards for:
+   - RPC request latency (p50/p95/p99) by command
+   - RPC throughput (requests/sec) by command
+   - Error rate by command
+   - Span duration distribution
+
+### Additional Instrumentation
+
+- **W3C `traceparent` header extraction** in `ServerHandler` to support cross-service context propagation from external callers
+- **WebSocket RPC tracing** in `ServerHandler::onWSMessage()`
+- **Transaction relay tracing** across nodes using protobuf `TraceContext` messages
+- **Consensus round and phase tracing** for validator coordination visibility
+- **Ledger close tracing** to measure close-to-validated latency
+
+### Production Hardening
+
+- **Tail-based sampling** in the OTel Collector to reduce volume while retaining error/slow traces
+- **TLS configuration** for the OTLP exporter in production deployments
+- **Resource limits** on the batch processor queue to prevent unbounded memory growth
+- **Health monitoring** for the telemetry pipeline itself (collector lag, export failures)
+
+### POC Lessons Learned
+
+Issues encountered during POC implementation that inform future work:
+
+| Issue                                                                                              | Resolution                                                                    | Impact on Future Work                                            |
+| -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| Conan lockfile rejected `opentelemetry-cpp/1.18.0`                                                 | Used `--lockfile=""` to bypass                                                | Lockfile must be regenerated when adding new dependencies        |
+| Conan package only builds OTLP HTTP exporter, not gRPC                                             | Switched from gRPC to HTTP exporter (`localhost:4318/v1/traces`)              | HTTP exporter is the default; gRPC requires custom Conan profile |
+| CMake target `opentelemetry-cpp::api` etc. don't exist in Conan package                            | Use umbrella target `opentelemetry-cpp::opentelemetry-cpp`                    | Conan targets differ from upstream CMake targets                 |
+| OTel Collector `logging` exporter deprecated                                                       | Renamed to `debug` exporter                                                   | Use `debug` in all collector configs going forward               |
+| Macro parameter `telemetry` collided with `::xrpl::telemetry::` namespace                          | Replaced macros with SpanGuard factory methods (no macros needed)             | Factory methods avoid macro hygiene issues entirely              |
+| `opentelemetry::trace::Scope` creates new context on move                                          | Store scope as member, create once in constructor                             | SpanGuard move semantics need care with Scope lifecycle          |
+| `TracerProviderFactory::Create` returns `unique_ptr<sdk::TracerProvider>`, not `nostd::shared_ptr` | Use `std::shared_ptr` member, wrap in `nostd::shared_ptr` for global provider | OTel SDK factory return types don't match API provider types     |

OpenTelemetryPlan/Phase2_taskList.md

@@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
+# Phase 2: RPC Tracing Completion Task List
+
+> **Goal**: Complete RPC tracing coverage with unit tests, Grafana search filters, node health attributes, and config hardening. Build on the Phase 1c SpanGuard factory foundation to achieve production-quality RPC observability.
+>
+> **Scope**: Unit tests for core telemetry, Grafana Tempo search filters, node health span attributes, config validation (`std::clamp`).
+>
+> **Branch**: `pratik/otel-phase2-rpc-tracing` (from `pratik/otel-phase1c-rpc-integration`)
+
+### Related Plan Documents
+
+| Document                                                     | Relevance                                                     |
+| ------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| [04-code-samples.md](./04-code-samples.md)                   | TraceContextPropagator (§4.4.2), RPC instrumentation (§4.5.3) |
+| [02-design-decisions.md](./02-design-decisions.md)           | W3C Trace Context (§2.5), span attributes (§2.4.2)            |
+| [06-implementation-phases.md](./06-implementation-phases.md) | Phase 2 tasks (§6.3), definition of done (§6.11.2)            |
+
+---
+
+## Task 2.1: W3C Trace Context HTTP Header Extraction
+
+**Status**: DEFERRED → Phase 3
+
+**Reason**: W3C context propagation (`traceparent`/`tracestate` headers) requires a consumer — in Phase 2, RPC spans are entirely local to the node. Phase 3 introduces cross-node transaction tracing via protobuf context propagation, which is the first use case for extracted trace context. Implementing it here without a consumer would be dead code.
+
+**Implemented in**: `pratik/otel-phase3-tx-tracing` — `TraceContextPropagator.h/.cpp`
+
+---
+
+## Task 2.2: Per-Category Span Creation
+
+**Status**: COMPLETE (superseded by Phase 1c design)
+
+**Original plan**: Add `XRPL_TRACE_PEER` and `XRPL_TRACE_LEDGER` macros.
+
+**Actual implementation**: Phase 1c replaced all tracing macros with the `SpanGuard::span(TraceCategory, prefix, name)` factory pattern. The `TraceCategory` enum (`Rpc`, `Transactions`, `Consensus`, `Peer`, `Ledger`) serves the same conditional-creation purpose without macros. No separate task needed — the factory already supports all categories.
+
+---
+
+## Task 2.3: Add shouldTraceLedger() to Telemetry Interface
+
+**Objective**: The `Setup` struct has a `traceLedger` field but there's no corresponding virtual method. Add it for interface completeness.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Edit `include/xrpl/telemetry/Telemetry.h`:
+  - Add `virtual bool shouldTraceLedger() const = 0;`
+
+- Update all implementations:
+  - `src/libxrpl/telemetry/Telemetry.cpp` (TelemetryImpl, NullTelemetryOtel)
+  - `src/libxrpl/telemetry/NullTelemetry.cpp` (NullTelemetry)
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `include/xrpl/telemetry/Telemetry.h`
+- `src/libxrpl/telemetry/Telemetry.cpp`
+- `src/libxrpl/telemetry/NullTelemetry.cpp`
+
+---
+
+## Task 2.4: Unit Tests for Core Telemetry Infrastructure
+
+**Status**: COMPLETE
+
+**Objective**: Add unit tests for the core telemetry abstractions to validate correctness and catch regressions.
+
+**Implemented**:
+
+- `src/tests/libxrpl/telemetry/TelemetryConfig.cpp`:
+  - Test Setup defaults (all fields have correct initial values)
+  - Test `setup_Telemetry` config parser (empty section, full section, edge cases)
+  - Test `samplingRatio` clamping (values outside 0.0-1.0)
+
+- `src/tests/libxrpl/telemetry/SpanGuardFactory.cpp`:
+  - Test null guard methods are safe (setAttribute, setOk, setError, addEvent on null)
+  - Test category span returns null when telemetry disabled
+  - Test child/linked span null when no parent context
+  - Test move construction transfers ownership
+  - Test recordException safe on null guard
+  - Test discard() safe on null guard
+
+- `src/tests/libxrpl/telemetry/main.cpp` — GTest runner
+- `src/tests/libxrpl/CMakeLists.txt` — test target with optional OTel linking
+
+---
+
+## Task 2.5: Enhance RPC Span Attributes
+
+**Status**: DEFERRED (low priority)
+
+**Reason**: The high-value attributes (`command`, `version`, `role`, `status`) are already set by Phase 1c. The remaining HTTP transport-level attributes (`http.method`, `net.peer.ip`, `http.status_code`) provide limited additional insight since:
+
+- `http.method` is always POST for JSON-RPC
+- `net.peer.ip` is debug-level info available in logs
+- `xrpl.rpc.duration_ms` is redundant with span duration (OTel captures start/end time natively)
+
+These can be added later if dashboard queries specifically need them. The node health attributes (Task 2.8) provide far more operational value and were prioritized instead.
+
+---
+
+## Task 2.6: Build Verification and Performance Baseline
+
+**Objective**: Verify the build succeeds with and without telemetry, and establish a performance baseline.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+1. Build with `telemetry=ON` and verify no compilation errors
+2. Build with `telemetry=OFF` and verify no regressions
+3. Run existing unit tests to verify no breakage
+4. Document any build issues in lessons.md
+
+**Verification Checklist**:
+
+- [ ] `conan install . --build=missing -o telemetry=True` succeeds
+- [ ] `cmake --preset default -Dtelemetry=ON` configures correctly
+- [ ] Build succeeds with telemetry ON
+- [ ] Build succeeds with telemetry OFF
+- [ ] Existing tests pass with telemetry ON
+- [ ] Existing tests pass with telemetry OFF
+
+---
+
+## Task 2.8: RPC Span Attribute Enrichment — Node Health Context
+
+> **Source**: [External Dashboard Parity](../docs/superpowers/specs/2026-03-30-external-dashboard-parity-design.md) — adds node-level health context inspired by the community [xrpl-validator-dashboard](https://github.com/realgrapedrop/xrpl-validator-dashboard).
+>
+> **Downstream**: Phase 7 (MetricsRegistry uses these attributes for alerting context), Phase 10 (validation checks for these attributes).
+
+**Objective**: Add node-level health state to every `rpc.command.*` span so operators can correlate RPC behavior with node state in Tempo.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Edit `src/xrpld/rpc/detail/RPCHandler.cpp`:
+  - In the `rpc.command.*` span creation block (after existing `setAttribute` calls for `xrpl.rpc.command`, `xrpl.rpc.version`, etc.):
+    - Add `xrpl.node.amendment_blocked` (bool) — from `context.app.getOPs().isAmendmentBlocked()`
+    - Add `xrpl.node.server_state` (string) — from `context.app.getOPs().strOperatingMode()`
+
+**New span attributes**:
+
+| Attribute                     | Type   | Source                                      | Example  |
+| ----------------------------- | ------ | ------------------------------------------- | -------- |
+| `xrpl.node.amendment_blocked` | bool   | `context.app.getOPs().isAmendmentBlocked()` | `true`   |
+| `xrpl.node.server_state`      | string | `context.app.getOPs().strOperatingMode()`   | `"full"` |
+
+**Rationale**: When a node is amendment-blocked or in a degraded state, every RPC response is suspect. Tagging spans with this state enables Tempo TraceQL queries like:
+
+```
+{name=~"rpc.command.*"} | xrpl.node.amendment_blocked = true
+```
+
+This surfaces all RPCs served during a blocked period — critical for post-incident analysis.
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/rpc/detail/RPCHandler.cpp`
+
+**Exit Criteria**:
+
+- [ ] `rpc.command.server_info` spans carry `xrpl.node.amendment_blocked` and `xrpl.node.server_state` attributes
+- [ ] No measurable latency impact (attribute values are cached atomics, not computed per-call)
+- [ ] Attributes appear in Tempo trace detail view
+
+---
+
+## Task 2.9: PathFind RPC Instrumentation
+
+**Status**: COMPLETE
+
+**Objective**: Trace the path_find and ripple_path_find RPC handlers to capture request latency and computation cost.
+
+**Spans added**:
+
+- `pathfind.request` — wraps `doPathFind()` and `doRipplePathFind()` RPC handlers
+- `pathfind.compute` — wraps `PathRequest::doUpdate()` (fast/normal attr)
+- `pathfind.update_all` — wraps `PathRequestManager::updateAll()` on ledger close (ledger_index attr)
+- `pathfind.discover` — wraps `Pathfinder::findPaths()` graph exploration (search_level attr)
+- `pathfind.rank` — wraps `Pathfinder::computePathRanks()` liquidity validation (num_paths attr)
+
+**New file**: `src/xrpld/rpc/detail/PathFindSpanNames.h`
+
+**Modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/rpc/handlers/orderbook/PathFind.cpp`
+- `src/xrpld/rpc/handlers/orderbook/RipplePathFind.cpp`
+- `src/xrpld/rpc/detail/PathRequest.cpp`
+- `src/xrpld/rpc/detail/PathRequestManager.cpp`
+- `src/xrpld/rpc/detail/Pathfinder.cpp`
+
+---
+
+## Summary
+
+| Task | Description                                 | Status              | Notes                                            |
+| ---- | ------------------------------------------- | ------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ |
+| 2.1  | W3C Trace Context header extraction         | Deferred → Phase 3  | No consumer in Phase 2; needs cross-node tracing |
+| 2.2  | Per-category span creation                  | Complete (Phase 1c) | Superseded by TraceCategory enum + SpanGuard     |
+| 2.3  | Add shouldTraceLedger() interface method    | Complete (Phase 1c) | Delivered in Phase 1c base branch                |
+| 2.4  | Unit tests for core telemetry               | Complete            | TelemetryConfig + SpanGuardFactory tests         |
+| 2.5  | Enhanced RPC span attributes (HTTP-level)   | Deferred            | Low value; span duration covers timing natively  |
+| 2.6  | Build verification and performance baseline | Complete            | Verified in CI on Phase 1c                       |
+| 2.7  | Grafana Tempo search filters                | Complete            | rpc-command, rpc-status, rpc-role filters        |
+| 2.8  | RPC span attribute enrichment (node health) | Complete            | amendment_blocked + server_state                 |
+| 2.9  | PathFind RPC instrumentation (5 spans)      | Complete            | request, compute, update_all, discover, rank     |
+
+**Delivered in this branch**: Tasks 2.4, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9.
+**Deferred with rationale**: Tasks 2.1 (→Phase 3), 2.5 (low priority).
+**Superseded**: Task 2.2 (Phase 1c SpanGuard factory covers this).
+
+---
+
+## Known Issues / Future Work
+
+### Thread safety of TelemetryImpl::stop() vs startSpan()
+
+`TelemetryImpl::stop()` resets `sdkProvider_` (a `std::shared_ptr`) without
+synchronization. `getTracer()` reads the same member from RPC handler threads.
+This is a data race if any thread calls `startSpan()` concurrently with `stop()`.
+
+**Current mitigation**: `Application::stop()` shuts down `serverHandler_`,
+`overlay_`, and `jobQueue_` before calling `telemetry_->stop()`, so no callers
+remain. See comments in `Telemetry.cpp:stop()` and `Application.cpp`.
+
+**TODO**: Add an `std::atomic<bool> stopped_` flag checked in `getTracer()` to
+make this robust against future shutdown order changes.
+
+### Macro incompatibility: XRPL_TRACE_SPAN vs XRPL_TRACE_SET_ATTR
+
+`XRPL_TRACE_SPAN` and `XRPL_TRACE_SPAN_KIND` declare `_xrpl_guard_` as a bare
+`SpanGuard`, but `XRPL_TRACE_SET_ATTR` and `XRPL_TRACE_EXCEPTION` call
+`_xrpl_guard_.has_value()` which requires `std::optional<SpanGuard>`. Using
+`XRPL_TRACE_SPAN` followed by `XRPL_TRACE_SET_ATTR` in the same scope would
+fail to compile.
+
+**Current mitigation**: No call site currently uses `XRPL_TRACE_SPAN` — all
+production code uses the conditional macros (`XRPL_TRACE_RPC`, `XRPL_TRACE_TX`,
+etc.) which correctly wrap the guard in `std::optional`.
+
+**TODO**: Either make `XRPL_TRACE_SPAN`/`XRPL_TRACE_SPAN_KIND` also wrap in
+`std::optional`, or document that `XRPL_TRACE_SET_ATTR` is only compatible with
+the conditional macros.

OpenTelemetryPlan/Phase3_taskList.md

@@ -0,0 +1,504 @@
+# Phase 3: Transaction Tracing Task List
+
+> **Goal**: Trace the full transaction lifecycle from RPC submission through peer relay, including cross-node context propagation via Protocol Buffer extensions. This is the WALK phase that demonstrates true distributed tracing.
+>
+> **Scope**: Protocol Buffer `TraceContext` message, context serialization, PeerImp transaction instrumentation, NetworkOPs processing instrumentation, HashRouter visibility, and multi-node relay context propagation.
+>
+> **Branch**: `pratik/otel-phase3-tx-tracing` (from `pratik/otel-phase2-rpc-tracing`)
+
+### Related Plan Documents
+
+| Document                                                     | Relevance                                                                                        |
+| ------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
+| [04-code-samples.md](./04-code-samples.md)                   | TraceContext protobuf (§4.4.1), PeerImp instrumentation (§4.5.1), context serialization (§4.4.2) |
+| [01-architecture-analysis.md](./01-architecture-analysis.md) | Transaction flow (§1.3), key trace points (§1.6)                                                 |
+| [06-implementation-phases.md](./06-implementation-phases.md) | Phase 3 tasks (§6.4), definition of done (§6.11.3)                                               |
+| [02-design-decisions.md](./02-design-decisions.md)           | Context propagation design (§2.5), attribute schema (§2.4.3)                                     |
+
+---
+
+## Task 3.1: Define TraceContext Protocol Buffer Message
+
+**Objective**: Add trace context fields to the P2P protocol messages so trace IDs can propagate across nodes.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Edit `include/xrpl/proto/xrpl.proto` (or `src/xrpld/proto/ripple.proto`, wherever the proto is):
+  - Add `TraceContext` message definition:
+    ```protobuf
+    message TraceContext {
+        bytes trace_id = 1;      // 16-byte trace identifier
+        bytes span_id = 2;       // 8-byte span identifier
+        uint32 trace_flags = 3;  // bit 0 = sampled
+        string trace_state = 4;  // W3C tracestate value
+    }
+    ```
+  - Add `optional TraceContext trace_context = 1001;` to:
+    - `TMTransaction`
+    - `TMProposeSet` (for Phase 4 use)
+    - `TMValidation` (for Phase 4 use)
+  - Use high field numbers (1001+) to avoid conflicts with existing fields
+
+- Regenerate protobuf C++ code
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `include/xrpl/proto/xrpl.proto` (or equivalent)
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [04-code-samples.md §4.4.1](./04-code-samples.md) — TraceContext message definition
+- [02-design-decisions.md §2.5.2](./02-design-decisions.md) — Protocol buffer context propagation design
+
+---
+
+## Task 3.2: Implement Protobuf Context Serialization
+
+**Objective**: Create utilities to serialize/deserialize OTel trace context to/from protobuf `TraceContext` messages.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Create `include/xrpl/telemetry/TraceContextPropagator.h` (extend from Phase 2 if exists, or add protobuf methods):
+  - Add protobuf-specific methods:
+    - `static Context extractFromProtobuf(protocol::TraceContext const& proto)` — reconstruct OTel context from protobuf fields
+    - `static void injectToProtobuf(Context const& ctx, protocol::TraceContext& proto)` — serialize current span context into protobuf fields
+  - Both methods guard behind `#ifdef XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY`
+
+- Create/extend `src/libxrpl/telemetry/TraceContextPropagator.cpp`:
+  - Implement extraction: read trace_id (16 bytes), span_id (8 bytes), trace_flags from protobuf, construct `SpanContext`, wrap in `Context`
+  - Implement injection: get current span from context, serialize its TraceId, SpanId, and TraceFlags into protobuf fields
+
+**Key new/modified files**:
+
+- `include/xrpl/telemetry/TraceContextPropagator.h`
+- `src/libxrpl/telemetry/TraceContextPropagator.cpp`
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [04-code-samples.md §4.4.2](./04-code-samples.md) — Full extract/inject implementation
+
+---
+
+## Task 3.3: Instrument PeerImp Transaction Handling
+
+**Objective**: Add trace spans to the peer-level transaction receive and relay path.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Edit `src/xrpld/overlay/detail/PeerImp.cpp`:
+  - In `onMessage(TMTransaction)` / `handleTransaction()`:
+    - Extract parent trace context from incoming `TMTransaction::trace_context` field (if present)
+    - Create `tx.receive` span as child of extracted context (or new root if none)
+    - Set attributes: `xrpl.tx.hash`, `xrpl.peer.id`, `xrpl.tx.status`
+    - On HashRouter suppression (duplicate): set `xrpl.tx.suppressed=true`, add `tx.duplicate` event
+    - Wrap validation call with child span `tx.validate`
+    - Wrap relay with `tx.relay` span
+  - When relaying to peers:
+    - Inject current trace context into outgoing `TMTransaction::trace_context`
+    - Set `xrpl.tx.relay_count` attribute
+
+- Use `SpanGuard::span(TraceCategory::Transactions, "tx", "receive")` factory
+  (Phase 1c replaced macros with the SpanGuard factory pattern)
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/overlay/detail/PeerImp.cpp`
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [04-code-samples.md §4.5.1](./04-code-samples.md) — Full PeerImp instrumentation example
+- [01-architecture-analysis.md §1.3](./01-architecture-analysis.md) — Transaction flow diagram
+- [01-architecture-analysis.md §1.6](./01-architecture-analysis.md) — tx.receive trace point
+
+---
+
+## Task 3.4: Instrument NetworkOPs Transaction Processing
+
+**Objective**: Trace the transaction processing pipeline in NetworkOPs, covering both sync and async paths.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Edit `src/xrpld/app/misc/NetworkOPs.cpp`:
+  - In `processTransaction()`:
+    - Create `tx.process` span
+    - Set attributes: `xrpl.tx.hash`, `xrpl.tx.type`, `xrpl.tx.local` (whether from RPC or peer)
+    - Record whether sync or async path is taken
+
+  - In `doTransactionAsync()`:
+    - Capture parent context before queuing
+    - Create `tx.queue` span with queue depth attribute
+    - Add event when transaction is dequeued for processing
+
+  - In `doTransactionSync()`:
+    - Create `tx.process_sync` span
+    - Record result (applied, queued, rejected)
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/app/misc/NetworkOPs.cpp`
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [01-architecture-analysis.md §1.6](./01-architecture-analysis.md) — tx.validate and tx.process trace points
+- [02-design-decisions.md §2.4.3](./02-design-decisions.md) — Transaction attribute schema
+
+---
+
+## Task 3.5: Instrument HashRouter for Dedup Visibility
+
+**Objective**: Make transaction deduplication visible in traces by recording HashRouter decisions as span attributes/events.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Edit `src/xrpld/overlay/detail/PeerImp.cpp` (in handleTransaction):
+  - After calling `HashRouter::shouldProcess()` or `addSuppressionPeer()`:
+    - Record `xrpl.tx.suppressed` attribute (true/false)
+    - Record `xrpl.tx.flags` showing current HashRouter state (SAVED, TRUSTED, etc.)
+    - Add `tx.first_seen` or `tx.duplicate` event
+
+- This is NOT a modification to HashRouter itself — just recording its decisions as span attributes in the existing PeerImp instrumentation from Task 3.3.
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/overlay/detail/PeerImp.cpp` (same changes as 3.3, logically grouped)
+
+---
+
+## Task 3.6: Context Propagation in Transaction Relay
+
+**Status**: COMPLETE
+
+**Objective**: Ensure trace context flows correctly when transactions are relayed between peers, creating linked spans across nodes.
+
+**What was done**:
+
+- **TX send side**: `NetworkOPs::apply()` now injects the tx.process span's trace
+  context into the outgoing `TMTransaction` protobuf before relay, using
+  `telemetry::injectSpanContext()`. The receiving node's `txReceiveSpan()` (already
+  wired in PeerImp) extracts the parent span_id and creates the tx.receive span
+  as a child of the sender's tx.process span.
+
+- **Proposal send/receive**: `RCLConsensus::Adaptor::propose()` injects the
+  current thread's active span context into the `TMProposeSet` protobuf via
+  `telemetry::injectToProtobuf()`. PeerImp creates a
+  `consensus.proposal.receive` span that extracts the sender's trace context
+  as parent (via `ConsensusReceiveTracing.h`).
+
+- **Validation send/receive**: `RCLConsensus::Adaptor::validate()` injects
+  the current thread's active span context into the `TMValidation` protobuf.
+  PeerImp creates a `consensus.validation.receive` span that extracts the
+  sender's trace context as parent.
+
+- **Edge cases**: Missing trace context (older peers) degrades gracefully to
+  standalone spans. Invalid/corrupted context is treated as absent. Trace
+  flags are propagated and respected.
+
+**New infrastructure**:
+
+- `SpanGuard::getTraceBytes()` — extracts raw trace_id/span_id/trace_flags
+  from a span without exposing OTel types. Safe to call from any thread.
+- `PropagationHelpers.h` — `injectSpanContext(SpanGuard&, proto)` bridge
+  between SpanGuard and protobuf TraceContext.
+- `TraceContextPropagator.h` — `injectToProtobuf(ctx, proto)` for
+  same-thread injection via OTel RuntimeContext (used in propose/validate).
+- `ConsensusReceiveTracing.h` — `proposalReceiveSpan()` and
+  `validationReceiveSpan()` helper functions that create receive spans with
+  optional parent context extraction from incoming protobuf messages.
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/app/misc/NetworkOPs.cpp` — tx relay injection
+- `src/xrpld/app/consensus/RCLConsensus.cpp` — proposal/validation send injection
+- `src/xrpld/overlay/detail/PeerImp.cpp` — proposal/validation receive spans
+- `include/xrpl/telemetry/SpanGuard.h` — `TraceBytes` struct, `getTraceBytes()`
+- `src/libxrpl/telemetry/SpanGuard.cpp` — `getTraceBytes()` implementation
+- `src/xrpld/telemetry/PropagationHelpers.h` — inject helpers (new file)
+- `src/xrpld/telemetry/ConsensusReceiveTracing.h` — receive span helpers (new file)
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [02-design-decisions.md §2.5](./02-design-decisions.md) — Context propagation design
+- [04-code-samples.md §4.5.1](./04-code-samples.md) — Relay context injection pattern
+
+---
+
+## Task 3.7: Build Verification and Testing
+
+**Objective**: Verify all Phase 3 changes compile and work correctly.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+1. Build with `telemetry=ON` — verify no compilation errors
+2. Build with `telemetry=OFF` — verify no regressions
+3. Run existing unit tests
+4. Verify protobuf regeneration produces correct C++ code
+5. Document any issues encountered
+
+**Verification Checklist**:
+
+- [ ] Protobuf changes generate valid C++
+- [ ] Build succeeds with telemetry ON
+- [ ] Build succeeds with telemetry OFF
+- [ ] Existing tests pass
+- [ ] No undefined symbols from new telemetry calls
+
+---
+
+## Task 3.8: Transaction Span Peer Version Attribute
+
+> **Source**: [External Dashboard Parity](../docs/superpowers/specs/2026-03-30-external-dashboard-parity-design.md) — adds peer version context inspired by the community [xrpl-validator-dashboard](https://github.com/realgrapedrop/xrpl-validator-dashboard).
+>
+> **Upstream**: Phase 2 (RPC span infrastructure must exist).
+> **Downstream**: Phase 10 (validation checks for this attribute).
+
+**Objective**: Add the relaying peer's xrpld version to `tx.receive` spans so operators can correlate transaction issues with peer version mismatches during network upgrades.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Edit `src/xrpld/overlay/detail/PeerImp.cpp`:
+  - In the `tx.receive` span block (after existing `xrpl.peer.id` setAttribute call):
+    - Add `xrpl.peer.version` (string) — from `this->getVersion()`
+    - Only set if `getVersion()` returns a non-empty string (avoid empty-string attributes)
+
+**New span attribute**:
+
+| Attribute           | Type   | Source               | Example         |
+| ------------------- | ------ | -------------------- | --------------- |
+| `xrpl.peer.version` | string | `peer->getVersion()` | `"xrpld-2.4.0"` |
+
+**Rationale**: Transaction relay is where version mismatches cause subtle serialization or validation bugs. Tracing "this tx came from a v2.3.0 peer" helps diagnose compatibility issues. The community dashboard tracks peer versions externally; this brings version awareness into the trace itself.
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/overlay/detail/PeerImp.cpp`
+
+**Exit Criteria**:
+
+- [ ] `tx.receive` spans carry `xrpl.peer.version` attribute with a non-empty version string
+- [ ] Attribute is omitted (not set to empty string) when `getVersion()` returns empty
+- [ ] Attribute visible in Jaeger span detail view
+
+---
+
+## Task 3.9: Deterministic Transaction Trace ID
+
+> **Upstream**: Task 3.2 (protobuf serialization), Task 3.3 (PeerImp span exists).
+> **Downstream**: Phase 10 (workload validation can query by tx hash directly).
+> **Pattern**: Mirrors the consensus deterministic trace ID in Phase 4a
+> (`createDeterministicContext` in `RCLConsensus.cpp`), adapted for transactions.
+
+**Objective**: Derive the trace_id for transaction spans deterministically from the
+transaction hash so that all nodes handling the same transaction independently produce
+spans under the same trace_id — regardless of whether protobuf context propagation
+succeeds.
+
+**Why**: The current approach creates spans with random trace_ids and relies entirely
+on protobuf `TraceContext` propagation to link them. If any hop in the relay chain
+drops the context (older peers, message corruption, mixed-version networks), the trace
+splits and downstream spans become impossible to find. With deterministic trace_ids,
+correlation is guaranteed because every node derives the same trace_id from the same
+`txID`.
+
+**Approach — deterministic trace_id + protobuf span_id propagation**:
+
+1. Derive `trace_id = txHash[0:16]` (first 16 bytes of the 32-byte transaction hash).
+2. Generate a random 8-byte `span_id` per node (each node's span is unique within
+   the shared trace).
+3. Create the span under this deterministic context as parent.
+4. **Additionally**, if protobuf `TraceContext` is present in the incoming
+   `TMTransaction` message, extract the sender's `span_id` and use it as the span's
+   parent — this preserves parent-child ordering in the trace tree.
+5. If protobuf context is absent (older peer, first hop), the span still has the
+   correct deterministic `trace_id` — it appears as a sibling root in the same trace
+   rather than being lost.
+
+This gives the best of both worlds: guaranteed cross-node correlation via deterministic
+`trace_id`, plus parent-child relay ordering via protobuf `span_id` when available.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Create `createDeterministicTxContext(uint256 const& txHash)` utility function:
+  - Location: shared header or file-local in `PeerImp.cpp` and `NetworkOPs.cpp`
+    (or a shared telemetry utility if both need it).
+  - Pattern: identical to `createDeterministicContext(uint256 const& ledgerId)` in
+    `RCLConsensus.cpp` — take `txHash[0:16]` as trace_id, random span_id via
+    `default_prng()`, sampled flag set, `remote=false`.
+  - Guard behind `#ifdef XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY`.
+
+  ```cpp
+  opentelemetry::context::Context
+  createDeterministicTxContext(uint256 const& txHash)
+  {
+      namespace trace = opentelemetry::trace;
+
+      // First 16 bytes of the 32-byte tx hash as trace ID.
+      trace::TraceId traceId(
+          opentelemetry::nostd::span<uint8_t const, 16>(txHash.data(), 16));
+
+      // Random span_id so each node's span is unique within the trace.
+      uint8_t spanIdBytes[8];
+      auto const rval = default_prng()();
+      std::memcpy(spanIdBytes, &rval, sizeof(spanIdBytes));
+      trace::SpanId spanId(
+          opentelemetry::nostd::span<uint8_t const, 8>(spanIdBytes, 8));
+
+      trace::SpanContext syntheticCtx(
+          traceId, spanId, trace::TraceFlags(1), /* remote = */ false);
+
+      return opentelemetry::context::Context{}.SetValue(
+          trace::kSpanKey,
+          opentelemetry::nostd::shared_ptr<trace::Span>(
+              new trace::DefaultSpan(syntheticCtx)));
+  }
+  ```
+
+- Edit `src/xrpld/overlay/detail/PeerImp.cpp` — restructure `handleTransaction()`:
+  - **Move span creation after deserialization** (txID must be known first):
+    1. Deserialize `STTx` and get `txID` (existing code at line ~1382).
+    2. Create deterministic parent context: `auto detCtx = createDeterministicTxContext(txID)`.
+    3. If `m->has_trace_context()`: extract protobuf context via `extractFromProtobuf()`,
+       **combine** with deterministic trace_id — use the protobuf span_id as parent
+       to preserve relay ordering, but override trace_id with the deterministic one.
+    4. If no protobuf context: create span under `detCtx` directly.
+    5. Set all existing attributes (`hash`, `peerId`, `peerVersion`, `suppressed`, etc.).
+
+  - **Combining deterministic trace_id with protobuf parent span_id**:
+    When both are available, construct a synthetic `SpanContext` with:
+    - `trace_id` = `txHash[0:16]` (deterministic)
+    - `span_id` = extracted from protobuf (sender's span_id → becomes parent)
+    - `trace_flags` = from protobuf
+    - `remote` = true (came from another node)
+
+    ```cpp
+    // Pseudo-code for the combined context:
+    auto detTraceId = trace::TraceId(txHash.data(), 16);
+    auto remoteSpanId = /* from extractFromProtobuf */;
+    auto remoteFlags = /* from extractFromProtobuf */;
+
+    trace::SpanContext combinedCtx(
+        detTraceId, remoteSpanId, remoteFlags, /* remote = */ true);
+    // Use as parent context for the new span.
+    ```
+
+- Edit `src/xrpld/app/misc/NetworkOPs.cpp` — update `processTransaction()`:
+  - `transaction->getID()` is already available at the top of the function.
+  - Create deterministic parent context from `txID`.
+  - Create `tx.process` span under this context.
+  - No protobuf context to extract here (NetworkOPs is intra-node), so
+    deterministic context alone is sufficient.
+
+- Add `tx_trace_strategy` attribute to spans:
+  - Add `inline constexpr auto traceStrategy = join(xrplTx, makeStr("trace_strategy"));`
+    to `TxSpanNames.h`.
+  - Set on each tx span: `span.setAttribute(tx_span::attr::traceStrategy, "deterministic")`.
+
+**Key new/modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/overlay/detail/PeerImp.cpp` — restructured span creation
+- `src/xrpld/app/misc/NetworkOPs.cpp` — deterministic context for tx.process
+- `src/xrpld/app/misc/TxSpanNames.h` — new `traceStrategy` attribute constant
+- New or shared utility for `createDeterministicTxContext()` (location TBD: could be
+  a shared header like `include/xrpl/telemetry/DeterministicContext.h`, or file-local
+  if only used in two places)
+
+**Interaction with existing tasks**:
+
+- **Task 3.3 (PeerImp instrumentation)**: The span creation in `handleTransaction()`
+  must be restructured — the span currently starts before `txID` is known. This task
+  moves it after deserialization.
+- **Task 3.6 (Relay context propagation)**: Protobuf injection at the relay site
+  remains the same — `injectToProtobuf()` serializes the current span's `span_id`.
+  The receiver extracts it and combines with the deterministic `trace_id`.
+- **Phase 4a (Consensus deterministic trace ID)**: This task follows the same pattern.
+  Consider extracting a shared utility (e.g., `createDeterministicContext(uint256)`)
+  that both consensus and transaction tracing use.
+
+**Exit Criteria**:
+
+- [ ] `tx.receive` and `tx.process` spans have deterministic trace_id = `txHash[0:16]`
+- [ ] All nodes handling the same transaction produce spans under the same trace_id
+- [x] Protobuf `span_id` propagation still works when available (parent-child ordering)
+- [ ] Missing protobuf context (old peer) degrades gracefully to sibling spans, not lost traces
+- [ ] `xrpl.tx.trace_strategy` attribute set to `"deterministic"` on all tx spans
+- [ ] Trace queryable by tx hash (truncate hash → trace_id → direct lookup in Tempo)
+
+**Deliverables implemented (not in original plan)**:
+
+- **`SpanGuard::txSpan()` factory method** (`include/xrpl/telemetry/SpanGuard.h`):
+  Two overloads for creating transaction spans with deterministic trace IDs:
+  - `txSpan(category, group, name, txHash)` — standalone span (deterministic
+    trace_id from `txHash[0:16]`, no parent span_id).
+  - `txSpan(category, group, name, txHash, parentCtx)` — child span (deterministic
+    trace_id combined with protobuf-extracted parent span_id for relay ordering).
+
+- **`TxTracing.h` helper functions** (`src/xrpld/overlay/detail/TxTracing.h`):
+  File-local helpers that wrap `SpanGuard::txSpan()` for the two main PeerImp call
+  sites:
+  - `txReceiveSpan(txHash, parentCtx)` — creates `tx.receive` span with
+    deterministic trace_id and optional protobuf parent context.
+  - `txProcessSpan(txHash)` — creates `tx.process` span with deterministic
+    trace_id only (no protobuf parent, used intra-node).
+  - **Note**: `TxTracing.h` includes `xrpl.pb.h` unconditionally (outside
+    `#ifdef XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY`) because `protocol::TMTransaction` appears in
+    the function signatures regardless of telemetry build mode.
+
+---
+
+## Task 3.10: TxQ Instrumentation
+
+**Status**: COMPLETE
+
+**Objective**: Trace the transaction queue lifecycle — enqueue decisions, direct apply, batch clear, ledger-close accept loop, per-tx apply, and cleanup.
+
+**Spans added**:
+
+- `txq.enqueue` — wraps `TxQ::apply()` with tx_hash attribute
+- `txq.apply_direct` — wraps `TxQ::tryDirectApply()` fast-path
+- `txq.batch_clear` — wraps `TxQ::tryClearAccountQueueUpThruTx()`
+- `txq.accept` — wraps `TxQ::accept()` ledger-close dequeue with queue_size attr
+- `txq.accept_tx` — per-tx span inside accept loop with tx_hash, ter_code,
+  retries_remaining attributes
+- `txq.cleanup` — wraps `TxQ::processClosedLedger()` with ledger_seq attribute
+
+**New file**: `src/xrpld/app/misc/detail/TxQSpanNames.h`
+
+**Modified file**: `src/xrpld/app/misc/detail/TxQ.cpp`
+
+---
+
+## Summary
+
+| Task | Description                         | New Files | Modified Files | Depends On |
+| ---- | ----------------------------------- | --------- | -------------- | ---------- |
+| 3.1  | TraceContext protobuf message       | 0         | 1              | Phase 2    |
+| 3.2  | Protobuf context serialization      | 1-2       | 0              | 3.1        |
+| 3.3  | PeerImp transaction instrumentation | 0         | 1              | 3.2        |
+| 3.4  | NetworkOPs transaction processing   | 0         | 1              | Phase 2    |
+| 3.5  | HashRouter dedup visibility         | 0         | 1              | 3.3        |
+| 3.6  | Relay context propagation           | 0         | 1-2            | 3.3, 3.5   |
+| 3.7  | Build verification and testing      | 0         | 0              | 3.1-3.6    |
+| 3.8  | TX span peer version attribute      | 0         | 1              | 3.3        |
+| 3.9  | Deterministic transaction trace ID  | 0-1       | 3              | 3.2, 3.3   |
+| 3.10 | TxQ instrumentation (6 spans)       | 1         | 1              | 3.4        |
+
+**Parallel work**: Tasks 3.1 and 3.4 can start in parallel. Task 3.2 depends on 3.1. Tasks 3.3 and 3.5 depend on 3.2. Task 3.6 depends on 3.3 and 3.5. Task 3.8 depends on 3.3 (span must exist). Task 3.9 depends on 3.2 and 3.3. Task 3.10 depends on 3.4 (tx.process span must exist).
+
+**Exit Criteria** (from [06-implementation-phases.md §6.11.3](./06-implementation-phases.md)):
+
+- [x] Transaction traces span across nodes
+- [x] Trace context in Protocol Buffer messages
+- [ ] HashRouter deduplication visible in traces
+- [ ] <5% overhead on transaction throughput
+- [x] Deterministic trace_id: same trace_id for same tx across all nodes
+- [x] Protobuf span_id propagation preserves parent-child ordering when available
+
+---
+
+## Known Issues / Future Work
+
+### Unused trace_state proto field
+
+The `TraceContext.trace_state` field (field 4) in `xrpl.proto` is reserved for
+W3C `tracestate` vendor-specific key-value pairs but is not read or written by
+`TraceContextPropagator`. Wire it when cross-vendor trace propagation is needed.
+No wire cost since proto `optional` fields are zero-cost when absent.

OpenTelemetryPlan/Phase4_taskList.md

@@ -0,0 +1,908 @@
+# Phase 4: Consensus Tracing Task List
+
+> **Goal**: Full observability into consensus rounds — track round lifecycle, phase transitions, proposal handling, and validation. This is the RUN phase that completes the distributed tracing story.
+>
+> **Scope**: RCLConsensus instrumentation for round starts, phase transitions (open/establish/accept), proposal send/receive, validation handling, and correlation with transaction traces from Phase 3.
+>
+> **Branch**: `pratik/otel-phase4-consensus-tracing` (from `pratik/otel-phase3-tx-tracing`)
+
+### Related Plan Documents
+
+| Document                                                     | Relevance                                                   |
+| ------------------------------------------------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------- |
+| [04-code-samples.md](./04-code-samples.md)                   | Consensus instrumentation (§4.5.2), consensus span patterns |
+| [01-architecture-analysis.md](./01-architecture-analysis.md) | Consensus round flow (§1.4), key trace points (§1.6)        |
+| [06-implementation-phases.md](./06-implementation-phases.md) | Phase 4 tasks (§6.5), definition of done (§6.11.4)          |
+| [02-design-decisions.md](./02-design-decisions.md)           | Consensus attribute schema (§2.4.4)                         |
+
+---
+
+## Task 4.1: Instrument Consensus Round Start ✅
+
+**Objective**: Create a root span for each consensus round that captures the round's key parameters.
+
+**Status**: DONE (implemented via Task 4a.2 `startRoundTracing()` helper).
+
+**What was done**:
+
+- `RCLConsensus::Adaptor::startRoundTracing()` creates `consensus.round` span
+  via `SpanGuard::hashSpan()` (deterministic) or `SpanGuard::span()` (attribute strategy)
+- Attributes set: `xrpl.consensus.ledger_id`, `xrpl.consensus.ledger.seq`,
+  `xrpl.consensus.mode`, `xrpl.consensus.trace_strategy`, `xrpl.consensus.round_id`
+- Round span stored as `roundSpan_` member in `RCLConsensus::Adaptor`
+- `roundSpanContext_` snapshot captured for cross-thread span linking
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/app/consensus/RCLConsensus.cpp`
+- `src/xrpld/app/consensus/RCLConsensus.h` (span and context members)
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [04-code-samples.md §4.5.2](./04-code-samples.md) — startRound instrumentation example
+- [01-architecture-analysis.md §1.4](./01-architecture-analysis.md) — Consensus round flow
+
+---
+
+## Task 4.2: Instrument Phase Transitions ✅
+
+**Objective**: Create child spans for each consensus phase (open, establish, accept) to show timing breakdown.
+
+**Status**: DONE. All consensus phases are now instrumented:
+
+- `consensus.establish` — created in `Consensus.h::startEstablishTracing()`
+- `consensus.ledger_close` — created in `RCLConsensus.cpp::onClose()`
+- `consensus.accept` / `consensus.accept.apply` — created in `onAccept()` / `doAccept()`
+- `consensus.phase.open` — `openSpan_` member in `Consensus.h`, created in `startRoundInternal()`, ended in `closeLedger()`
+
+**Design notes**:
+
+- `xrpl.consensus.phase` attribute — phases are distinguished by span names instead
+- `phase.enter` / `phase.exit` events — not added (span start/end serves this purpose)
+- `xrpl.consensus.phase_duration_ms` attribute — not set (span duration captures this)
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/app/consensus/RCLConsensus.cpp`
+- `src/xrpld/consensus/Consensus.h` (template-level establish phase tracking)
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [04-code-samples.md §4.5.2](./04-code-samples.md) — phaseTransition instrumentation
+
+---
+
+## Task 4.3: Instrument Proposal Handling ✅
+
+**Objective**: Trace proposal send and receive to show validator coordination.
+
+**Status**: DONE. Both send and receive paths are instrumented.
+
+**What was done**:
+
+- In `Adaptor::propose()`:
+  - Creates `consensus.proposal.send` span via `SpanGuard::span()`
+  - Sets `xrpl.consensus.round` attribute
+
+- In `PeerImp::onMessage(TMProposeSet)`:
+  - Creates `consensus.proposal.receive` span
+  - Sets `xrpl.consensus.proposal.trusted` attribute (bool)
+
+**Not implemented** (deferred to Phase 4b — cross-node propagation):
+
+- `consensus.proposal.relay` span in `share(RCLCxPeerPos)` — requires trace context injection
+- Trace context injection/extraction for `TMProposeSet::trace_context`
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/app/consensus/RCLConsensus.cpp`
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [04-code-samples.md §4.5.2](./04-code-samples.md) — peerProposal instrumentation
+- [02-design-decisions.md §2.4.4](./02-design-decisions.md) — Consensus attribute schema
+
+---
+
+## Task 4.4: Instrument Validation Handling ✅
+
+**Objective**: Trace validation send and receive to show ledger validation flow.
+
+**Status**: DONE. Both send and receive paths are instrumented.
+
+**What was done**:
+
+- In `Adaptor::validate()` (called from `doAccept()`):
+  - Creates `consensus.validation.send` span via `Adaptor::createValidationSpan()`
+  - Uses `SpanGuard::linkedSpan()` to create a follows-from link to the round span
+  - Thread-safe: uses `roundSpanContext_` snapshot (captured on consensus thread,
+    read on jtACCEPT thread)
+  - Sets `xrpl.consensus.ledger.seq` and `xrpl.consensus.proposing` attributes
+
+- In `PeerImp::onMessage(TMValidation)`:
+  - Creates `consensus.validation.receive` span
+  - Sets `xrpl.consensus.validation.trusted` attribute (bool)
+  - Sets `xrpl.consensus.validation.ledger_seq` attribute
+
+**Not implemented** (deferred to Phase 4b — cross-node propagation):
+
+- Validated ledger hash, signing time attributes on send span (see Task 4.8)
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/app/consensus/RCLConsensus.cpp`
+
+---
+
+## Task 4.5: Add Consensus-Specific Attributes ✅
+
+**Objective**: Enrich consensus spans with detailed attributes for debugging and analysis.
+
+**Status**: DONE. All core attributes are set across various spans, including the previously missing `tx_count` and `disputes_count`.
+
+**Implemented attributes** (across various spans):
+
+- `xrpl.consensus.ledger.seq` — on `consensus.round`, `consensus.accept.apply`
+- `xrpl.consensus.round` — on `consensus.proposal.send`
+- `xrpl.consensus.mode` — on `consensus.round`, `consensus.ledger_close`
+- `xrpl.consensus.proposers` — on `consensus.accept`, `consensus.establish`, `consensus.update_positions`
+- `xrpl.consensus.converge_percent` — on `consensus.establish`, `consensus.update_positions`, `consensus.check`
+- `xrpl.consensus.tx_count` — on `consensus.accept.apply` span (in `doAccept()`)
+- `xrpl.consensus.disputes_count` — on `consensus.update_positions` span (in `updateOurPositions()`)
+
+**Design notes**:
+
+- `xrpl.consensus.phase` — phases distinguished by span names instead
+- `xrpl.consensus.phase_duration_ms` — span duration captures this
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/app/consensus/RCLConsensus.cpp`
+- `src/xrpld/consensus/Consensus.h`
+
+---
+
+## Task 4.6: Correlate Transaction and Consensus Traces ✅
+
+**Objective**: Link transaction traces from Phase 3 with consensus traces so you can follow a transaction from submission through consensus into the ledger.
+
+**Status**: DONE. Transaction-consensus correlation implemented via `tx.included` events in `doAccept()`.
+
+**What was done**:
+
+- In `doAccept()` (RCLConsensus.cpp):
+  - Records `tx.included` events on the `consensus.accept.apply` span for each transaction in the accepted set
+  - Each event includes `xrpl.tx.id` attribute with the transaction hash
+  - This links consensus traces to individual transactions
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/app/consensus/RCLConsensus.cpp`
+
+---
+
+## Task 4.7: Build Verification and Testing ✅
+
+**Objective**: Verify all Phase 4 changes compile and don't affect consensus timing.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+1. Build with `telemetry=ON` — verify no compilation errors
+2. Build with `telemetry=OFF` — verify no regressions (critical for consensus code)
+3. Run existing consensus-related unit tests
+4. Verify that `SpanGuard` factory methods compile to no-ops when disabled
+5. Check that no consensus-critical code paths are affected by instrumentation overhead
+
+**Verification Checklist**:
+
+- [x] Build succeeds with telemetry ON
+- [x] Build succeeds with telemetry OFF
+- [x] Existing consensus tests pass
+- [x] `SpanGuard` no-op implementation prevents overhead when telemetry is OFF
+- [x] Phase timing instrumentation doesn't use blocking operations
+
+---
+
+## Task 4.8: Consensus Validation Span Enrichment — NOT DONE
+
+> **Source**: [External Dashboard Parity](../docs/superpowers/specs/2026-03-30-external-dashboard-parity-design.md) — adds validation agreement context inspired by the community [xrpl-validator-dashboard](https://github.com/realgrapedrop/xrpl-validator-dashboard).
+>
+> **Upstream**: Phase 4 tasks 4.1-4.4 (span creation must exist).
+> **Downstream**: Phase 7 (ValidationTracker reads these attributes), Phase 10 (validation checks).
+
+**Objective**: Add ledger hash, validation type, and quorum data to consensus validation spans on both send and receive paths. This enables trace-level validation agreement analysis — filter by ledger hash to see which validators agreed for a given ledger.
+
+**Status**: Not implemented. None of the enrichment attributes are set. The `consensus.validation.send` span only has `ledger.seq` and `proposing`. The `consensus.accept` span has `quorum` set to `result.proposers` (not the actual validator quorum from `app_.validators().quorum()`). No `PeerImp.cpp` changes were made.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Edit `src/xrpld/app/consensus/RCLConsensus.cpp`:
+  - On the `consensus.validation.send` span (in `validate()` / `doAccept()`):
+    - Add `xrpl.validation.ledger_hash` (string) — the ledger hash being validated
+    - Add `xrpl.validation.full` (bool) — whether this is a full validation (not partial)
+  - On the `consensus.accept` span (in `onAccept()`):
+    - Add `xrpl.consensus.validation_quorum` (int64) — from `app_.validators().quorum()`
+    - Add `xrpl.consensus.proposers_validated` (int64) — from `result.proposers`
+
+- Edit `src/xrpld/overlay/detail/PeerImp.cpp`:
+  - On the `peer.validation.receive` span:
+    - Add `xrpl.peer.validation.ledger_hash` (string) — from deserialized `STValidation` object
+    - Add `xrpl.peer.validation.full` (bool) — from `STValidation` flags
+
+**New span attributes**:
+
+| Span                        | Attribute                            | Type   | Source                            |
+| --------------------------- | ------------------------------------ | ------ | --------------------------------- |
+| `consensus.validation.send` | `xrpl.validation.ledger_hash`        | string | Ledger hash from validate() args  |
+| `consensus.validation.send` | `xrpl.validation.full`               | bool   | Full vs partial validation        |
+| `peer.validation.receive`   | `xrpl.peer.validation.ledger_hash`   | string | From STValidation deserialization |
+| `peer.validation.receive`   | `xrpl.peer.validation.full`          | bool   | From STValidation flags           |
+| `consensus.accept`          | `xrpl.consensus.validation_quorum`   | int64  | `app_.validators().quorum()`      |
+| `consensus.accept`          | `xrpl.consensus.proposers_validated` | int64  | `result.proposers`                |
+
+**Rationale**: The external dashboard's most valuable feature is validation agreement tracking. By recording the ledger hash on both outgoing and incoming validation spans, we create the raw data for agreement analysis at the trace level. Example Tempo query:
+
+```
+{name="consensus.validation.send"} | xrpl.validation.ledger_hash = "A1B2C3..."
+```
+
+Phase 7's `ValidationTracker` builds metric-level aggregation (1h/24h agreement %) on top of this data.
+
+**Key modified files (not yet modified)**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/app/consensus/RCLConsensus.cpp`
+- `src/xrpld/overlay/detail/PeerImp.cpp`
+
+**Exit Criteria**:
+
+- [ ] `consensus.validation.send` spans carry `xrpl.validation.ledger_hash` and `xrpl.validation.full`
+- [ ] `peer.validation.receive` spans carry `xrpl.peer.validation.ledger_hash` and `xrpl.peer.validation.full`
+- [ ] `consensus.accept` spans carry `xrpl.consensus.validation_quorum` and `xrpl.consensus.proposers_validated`
+- [ ] Ledger hash attributes match between send and receive for the same ledger
+- [ ] No impact on consensus performance
+
+---
+
+## Summary
+
+| Task | Description                                 | Status      | New Files | Modified Files | Depends On    |
+| ---- | ------------------------------------------- | ----------- | --------- | -------------- | ------------- |
+| 4.1  | Consensus round start instrumentation       | ✅ Done     | 0         | 2              | Phase 3       |
+| 4.2  | Phase transition instrumentation            | ✅ Done     | 0         | 1-2            | 4.1           |
+| 4.3  | Proposal handling instrumentation           | ✅ Done     | 0         | 2              | 4.1           |
+| 4.4  | Validation handling instrumentation         | ✅ Done     | 0         | 2              | 4.1           |
+| 4.5  | Consensus-specific attributes               | ✅ Done     | 0         | 2              | 4.2, 4.3, 4.4 |
+| 4.6  | Transaction-consensus correlation           | ✅ Done     | 0         | 1              | 4.2, Phase 3  |
+| 4.7  | Build verification and testing              | ✅ Done     | 0         | 0              | 4.1-4.6       |
+| 4.8  | Validation span enrichment (ext. dashboard) | ❌ Not done | 0         | 2              | 4.4           |
+
+**Parallel work**: Tasks 4.2, 4.3, and 4.4 can run in parallel after 4.1 is complete. Task 4.5 depends on all three. Task 4.6 depends on 4.2 and Phase 3. Task 4.8 depends on 4.4 (validation spans must exist).
+
+### Implemented Spans
+
+| Span Name                   | Method                             | Key Attributes                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
+| --------------------------- | ---------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `consensus.proposal.send`   | `Adaptor::propose`                 | `xrpl.consensus.round`                                                                                                                                                                                                |
+| `consensus.ledger_close`    | `Adaptor::onClose`                 | `xrpl.consensus.ledger.seq`, `xrpl.consensus.mode`                                                                                                                                                                    |
+| `consensus.accept`          | `Adaptor::onAccept`                | `xrpl.consensus.proposers`, `xrpl.consensus.round_time_ms`                                                                                                                                                            |
+| `consensus.accept.apply`    | `Adaptor::doAccept`                | `xrpl.consensus.close_time`, `close_time_correct`, `close_resolution_ms`, `state`, `proposing`, `round_time_ms`, `ledger.seq`, `parent_close_time`, `close_time_self`, `close_time_vote_bins`, `resolution_direction` |
+| `consensus.validation.send` | `Adaptor::onAccept` (via validate) | `xrpl.consensus.proposing`                                                                                                                                                                                            |
+
+#### Close Time Attributes (consensus.accept.apply)
+
+The `consensus.accept.apply` span captures ledger close time agreement details
+driven by `avCT_CONSENSUS_PCT` (75% validator agreement threshold):
+
+- **`xrpl.consensus.close_time`** — Agreed-upon ledger close time (epoch seconds). When validators disagree (`consensusCloseTime == epoch`), this is synthetically set to `prevCloseTime + 1s`.
+- **`xrpl.consensus.close_time_correct`** — `true` if validators reached agreement, `false` if they "agreed to disagree" (close time forced to prev+1s).
+- **`xrpl.consensus.close_resolution_ms`** — Rounding granularity for close time (starts at 30s, decreases as ledger interval stabilizes).
+- **`xrpl.consensus.state`** — `"finished"` (normal) or `"moved_on"` (consensus failed, adopted best available).
+- **`xrpl.consensus.proposing`** — Whether this node was proposing.
+- **`xrpl.consensus.round_time_ms`** — Total consensus round duration.
+- **`xrpl.consensus.parent_close_time`** — Previous ledger's close time (epoch seconds). Enables computing close-time deltas across consecutive rounds without correlating separate spans.
+- **`xrpl.consensus.close_time_self`** — This node's own proposed close time before consensus voting.
+- **`xrpl.consensus.close_time_vote_bins`** — Number of distinct close-time vote bins from peer proposals. Higher values indicate less agreement among validators.
+- **`xrpl.consensus.resolution_direction`** — Whether close-time resolution `"increased"` (coarser), `"decreased"` (finer), or stayed `"unchanged"` relative to the previous ledger.
+
+**Exit Criteria** (from [06-implementation-phases.md §6.11.4](./06-implementation-phases.md)):
+
+- [x] Complete consensus round traces
+- [x] Phase transitions visible (open, establish, close, accept)
+- [x] Proposals and validations traced — send and receive; relay deferred to Phase 4b
+- [x] Close time agreement tracked (per `avCT_CONSENSUS_PCT`)
+- [x] No impact on consensus timing
+- [x] Transaction-consensus correlation (Task 4.6) — `tx.included` events in doAccept
+- [ ] Validation span enrichment (Task 4.8) — not implemented
+
+---
+
+# Phase 4a: Establish-Phase Gap Fill & Cross-Node Correlation
+
+> **Goal**: Fill tracing gaps in the consensus establish phase (disputes, convergence,
+> threshold escalation, mode changes) and establish cross-node correlation using a
+> deterministic shared trace ID derived from `previousLedger.id()`.
+>
+> **Approach**: Direct instrumentation in `Consensus.h` and `RCLConsensus.cpp`.
+> All spans use `SpanGuard` factory methods (`span()`, `hashSpan()`, `linkedSpan()`)
+> with `TraceCategory::Consensus` gating. Long-lived spans (round, establish) are
+> stored as `std::optional<SpanGuard>` class members. Short-lived scoped spans
+> (update_positions, check) are local variables. No macros are used — all tracing
+> is via direct `SpanGuard` API calls. `SpanGuard` compiles to no-ops when
+> telemetry is disabled.
+>
+> **Branch**: `pratik/otel-phase4-consensus-tracing`
+
+## Design: Switchable Correlation Strategy
+
+Two strategies for cross-node trace correlation, switchable via config:
+
+### Strategy A — Deterministic Trace ID (Default)
+
+Derive `trace_id = SHA256(previousLedger.id())[0:16]` so all nodes in the same
+consensus round share the same trace_id without P2P context propagation.
+
+- **Pros**: All nodes appear in the same trace in Tempo/Jaeger automatically.
+  No collector-side post-processing needed.
+- **Cons**: Overrides OTel's random trace_id generation; requires custom
+  `IdGenerator` or manual span context construction.
+
+### Strategy B — Attribute-Based Correlation
+
+Use normal random trace_id but attach `xrpl.consensus.ledger_id` as an attribute
+on every consensus span. Correlation happens at query time via Tempo/Grafana
+`by attribute` queries.
+
+- **Pros**: Standard OTel trace_id semantics; no SDK customization.
+- **Cons**: Cross-node correlation requires query-time joins, not automatic.
+
+### Config
+
+```ini
+[telemetry]
+# "deterministic" (default) or "attribute"
+consensus_trace_strategy=deterministic
+```
+
+The C++ API to query this at runtime is `Telemetry::getConsensusTraceStrategy()`,
+which returns a `std::string const&` (`"deterministic"` or `"attribute"`).
+
+### Implementation
+
+In `RCLConsensus::Adaptor::startRound()`:
+
+- If `deterministic`:
+  1. Compute `trace_id_bytes = SHA256(prevLedgerID)[0:16]`
+  2. Construct `opentelemetry::trace::TraceId(trace_id_bytes)`
+  3. Create a synthetic `SpanContext` with this trace_id and a random span_id:
+     ```cpp
+     auto traceId = opentelemetry::trace::TraceId(trace_id_bytes);
+     auto spanId  = opentelemetry::trace::SpanId(random_8_bytes);
+     auto syntheticCtx = opentelemetry::trace::SpanContext(
+         traceId, spanId, opentelemetry::trace::TraceFlags(1), false);
+     ```
+  4. Wrap in `opentelemetry::context::Context` via
+     `opentelemetry::trace::SetSpan(context, syntheticSpan)`
+  5. Call `startSpan("consensus.round", parentContext)` so the new span
+     inherits the deterministic trace_id.
+- If `attribute`: start a normal `consensus.round` span, set
+  `xrpl.consensus.ledger_id = previousLedger.id()` as attribute.
+
+Both strategies always set `xrpl.consensus.round_id` (round number) and
+`xrpl.consensus.ledger_id` (previous ledger hash) as attributes.
+
+---
+
+## Design: Span Hierarchy
+
+```
+consensus.round  (root — created in RCLConsensus::startRound, closed at accept)
+│   link → previous round's SpanContext (follows-from)
+│
+├── consensus.establish  (phaseEstablish → acceptance, in Consensus.h)
+│   ├── consensus.update_positions  (each updateOurPositions call)
+│   │   └── consensus.dispute.resolve  (per-tx dispute resolution event)
+│   ├── consensus.check  (each haveConsensus call)
+│   └── consensus.mode_change  (short-lived span in adaptor on mode transition)
+│
+├── consensus.accept  (existing onAccept span — reparented under round)
+│
+└── consensus.validation.send  (existing — reparented, follows-from link to round)
+```
+
+### Span Links (follows-from relationships)
+
+| Link Source                               | Link Target                | Rationale                                                                      |
+| ----------------------------------------- | -------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
+| `consensus.round` (N+1)                   | `consensus.round` (N)      | Causal chain: round N+1 exists because round N accepted                        |
+| `consensus.validation.send`               | `consensus.round`          | Validation follows from the round that produced it; may outlive the round span |
+| _(Phase 4b)_ Received proposal processing | Sender's `consensus.round` | Cross-node causal link via P2P context propagation                             |
+
+---
+
+## Task 4a.0: Prerequisites — Extend SpanGuard and Telemetry APIs ✅
+
+**Objective**: Add missing API surface needed by later tasks.
+
+**Status**: Done, but implemented differently than originally planned. The macro-based
+approach (`XRPL_TRACE_CONSENSUS`, `XRPL_TRACE_ADD_EVENT`, `XRPL_TRACE_SET_ATTR`) was
+**not used**. Instead, all consensus tracing uses `SpanGuard` factory methods and
+direct method calls, which is cleaner and avoids macro control-flow issues.
+
+**What was done**:
+
+1. **`SpanGuard::addEvent()` with attributes** — implemented as planned:
+
+   ```cpp
+   using EventAttribute = std::pair<std::string_view, std::string_view>;
+
+   void addEvent(std::string_view name,
+       std::initializer_list<EventAttribute> attrs);
+   ```
+
+   Callers pass plain `string_view` pairs; the implementation converts internally.
+
+   ```cpp
+   // Actual usage in Consensus.h::updateOurPositions():
+   span.addEvent(
+       "dispute.resolve",
+       {{cons_span::attr::txId, to_string(txId)},
+        {cons_span::attr::disputeOurVote, dispute.getOurVote() ? "yes" : "no"}});
+   ```
+
+2. **Span link support** — implemented via `SpanGuard::linkedSpan()` static factory
+   instead of a `Telemetry::startSpan()` overload:
+
+   ```cpp
+   static SpanGuard linkedSpan(
+       std::string_view name, SpanContext const& linkTarget);
+   ```
+
+3. **No macros added** — `TracingInstrumentation.h` was not created. The `XRPL_TRACE_CONSENSUS`,
+   `XRPL_TRACE_ADD_EVENT`, and `XRPL_TRACE_SET_ATTR` macros from the original plan were
+   not implemented. All consensus tracing uses direct `SpanGuard` API:
+   - `SpanGuard::span()` — create scoped spans
+   - `SpanGuard::hashSpan()` — create spans with deterministic trace IDs
+   - `SpanGuard::linkedSpan()` — create spans with follows-from links
+   - `span.setAttribute()` — set attributes directly
+   - `span.addEvent()` — add events directly
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `include/xrpl/telemetry/SpanGuard.h` — `addEvent()` overload, `EventAttribute` type alias
+- `src/libxrpl/telemetry/SpanGuard.cpp` — `addEvent()` implementation
+
+---
+
+## Task 4a.1: Adaptor `getTelemetry()` Method — NOT DONE (Not Needed)
+
+**Objective**: Give `Consensus.h` access to the telemetry subsystem without
+coupling the generic template to OTel headers.
+
+**Status**: Not implemented as specified. The `getTelemetry()` adaptor method was
+not needed because `SpanGuard::span()` is a static factory method that internally
+checks telemetry state via the global `Telemetry` singleton. `Consensus.h` creates
+spans by calling `SpanGuard::span(TraceCategory::Consensus, ...)` directly, without
+needing adaptor access. Only `RCLConsensus::Adaptor` uses `app_.getTelemetry()`
+directly (for `getConsensusTraceStrategy()` in `startRoundTracing()`).
+
+**Key insight**: The `XRPL_TRACE_*` macro approach would have required
+`adaptor_.getTelemetry()`. Since macros were not used, this task became unnecessary.
+
+---
+
+## Task 4a.2: Switchable Round Span with Deterministic Trace ID ✅
+
+**Objective**: Create a `consensus.round` root span in `startRound()` that uses
+the switchable correlation strategy. Store span context as a member for child
+spans in `Consensus.h`.
+
+**Status**: Done. Implemented in `Adaptor::startRoundTracing()`.
+
+**What was done**:
+
+- `RCLConsensus::Adaptor::startRoundTracing()` helper:
+  - Reads `consensus_trace_strategy` via `app_.getTelemetry().getConsensusTraceStrategy()`
+  - **Deterministic**: uses `SpanGuard::hashSpan()` with `prevLgr.id()` data
+  - **Attribute**: uses `SpanGuard::span(TraceCategory::Consensus, seg::consensus, "round")`
+  - Sets attributes: `ledger_id`, `ledger.seq`, `mode`, `trace_strategy`, `round_id`
+  - Captures `roundSpanContext_` snapshot for cross-thread span linking
+  - Saves `prevRoundContext_` from previous round for follows-from links
+
+- **`SpanGuard::hashSpan()` factory**: encapsulates deterministic trace ID logic:
+
+  ```cpp
+  static SpanGuard hashSpan(
+      TraceCategory cat, std::string_view name,
+      std::uint8_t const* hashData, std::size_t hashSize);
+  ```
+
+  Derives `trace_id = hashData[0:16]` so all nodes in the same round share
+  the same trace_id. Compiles to no-op when telemetry is disabled.
+
+- `consensus_trace_strategy` config parsed in `TelemetryConfig.cpp`,
+  stored in `Telemetry::Setup`, accessible via `Telemetry::getConsensusTraceStrategy()`
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/app/consensus/RCLConsensus.cpp` — `startRoundTracing()` implementation
+- `src/xrpld/app/consensus/ConsensusSpanNames.h` — **(new)** compile-time span name and attribute key constants
+- `include/xrpl/telemetry/Telemetry.h` — `consensusTraceStrategy` in Setup, `getConsensusTraceStrategy()`
+- `src/libxrpl/telemetry/TelemetryConfig.cpp` — parse new config option
+
+---
+
+## Task 4a.3: Span Members in `Consensus.h` ✅
+
+**Objective**: Add span storage to the `Consensus` class so that spans created
+in `startRound()` (adaptor) are accessible from `phaseEstablish()`,
+`updateOurPositions()`, and `haveConsensus()` (template methods).
+
+**Status**: Done with documented plan deviation.
+
+**What was done**:
+
+- `establishSpan_` added to `Consensus` private members (as planned):
+
+  ```cpp
+  std::optional<xrpl::telemetry::SpanGuard> establishSpan_;
+  ```
+
+- **Plan deviation**: `roundSpan_`, `prevRoundContext_`, and `roundSpanContext_`
+  are stored in `RCLConsensus::Adaptor` (not `Consensus.h`) because the adaptor
+  has access to telemetry config for the deterministic trace ID strategy.
+
+- **No `#ifdef XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY` guards**: Members use `std::optional<SpanGuard>`
+  and `SpanContext` which have no-op implementations when telemetry is disabled,
+  so `#ifdef` guards are unnecessary. The members are always present in the class
+  layout but incur negligible overhead.
+
+- Includes added unconditionally to `Consensus.h`:
+  ```cpp
+  #include <xrpl/telemetry/SpanGuard.h>
+  #include <xrpld/app/consensus/ConsensusSpanNames.h>
+  ```
+  No `TracingInstrumentation.h` include (file doesn't exist; macros not used).
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/consensus/Consensus.h`
+- `src/xrpld/app/consensus/RCLConsensus.h` (round span and context members)
+
+---
+
+## Task 4a.4: Instrument `phaseEstablish()` ✅
+
+**Objective**: Create `consensus.establish` span wrapping the establish phase,
+with attributes for convergence progress.
+
+**Status**: Done. Implemented via three private helpers in `Consensus.h`.
+
+**What was done**:
+
+- `startEstablishTracing()` — creates `consensus.establish` span via
+  `SpanGuard::span(TraceCategory::Consensus, seg::consensus, "establish")`.
+  Called once at start of establish phase. No `#ifdef` guards needed —
+  `SpanGuard::span()` returns a no-op guard when telemetry is disabled.
+
+- `updateEstablishTracing()` — sets attributes on each `phaseEstablish()` call:
+  - `xrpl.consensus.converge_percent` — `convergePercent_`
+  - `xrpl.consensus.establish_count` — `establishCounter_`
+  - `xrpl.consensus.proposers` — `currPeerPositions_.size()`
+
+- `endEstablishTracing()` — calls `establishSpan_.reset()` on phase exit.
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/consensus/Consensus.h` — `phaseEstablish()` method + 3 helper methods
+
+---
+
+## Task 4a.5: Instrument `updateOurPositions()` ✅
+
+**Objective**: Trace each position update cycle including dispute resolution
+details.
+
+**Status**: DONE. Span, dispute events with yays/nays, and disputes_count attribute are all implemented.
+
+**What was done**:
+
+- Creates `consensus.update_positions` scoped span via
+  `SpanGuard::span(TraceCategory::Consensus, seg::consensus, "update_positions")`:
+
+  ```cpp
+  auto span = SpanGuard::span(TraceCategory::Consensus, seg::consensus, "update_positions");
+  ```
+
+- Attributes set:
+  - `xrpl.consensus.converge_percent` — current convergence
+  - `xrpl.consensus.proposers` — `currPeerPositions_.size()`
+  - `xrpl.consensus.have_close_time_consensus` — close time consensus state
+  - `xrpl.consensus.close_time_threshold` — `avCT_CONSENSUS_PCT`
+  - `xrpl.consensus.disputes_count` — number of active disputes
+
+- Dispute events recorded via direct `span.addEvent()` call with yays/nays:
+  ```cpp
+  span.addEvent(
+      "dispute.resolve",
+      {{cons_span::attr::txId, to_string(txId)},
+       {cons_span::attr::disputeOurVote, dispute.getOurVote() ? "yes" : "no"},
+       {cons_span::attr::disputeYays, std::to_string(dispute.getYays())},
+       {cons_span::attr::disputeNays, std::to_string(dispute.getNays())}});
+  ```
+
+**Not implemented**:
+
+- `xrpl.consensus.proposers_agreed` / `xrpl.consensus.proposers_total` attributes — not set
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/consensus/Consensus.h` — `updateOurPositions()` method
+- `src/xrpld/consensus/DisputedTx.h` — added `getYays()` / `getNays()` (currently unused)
+
+---
+
+## Task 4a.6: Instrument `haveConsensus()` (Threshold & Convergence) ✅
+
+**Objective**: Trace consensus checking including threshold escalation.
+
+**Status**: DONE. The `consensus.check` span is created with all planned attributes
+including the avalanche threshold.
+
+**What was done**:
+
+- Creates `consensus.check` scoped span via
+  `SpanGuard::span(TraceCategory::Consensus, seg::consensus, "check")`:
+
+  ```cpp
+  auto span = SpanGuard::span(TraceCategory::Consensus, seg::consensus, "check");
+  ```
+
+- Attributes set:
+  - `xrpl.consensus.agree_count` — peers that agree with our position
+  - `xrpl.consensus.disagree_count` — peers that disagree
+  - `xrpl.consensus.converge_percent` — convergence percentage
+  - `xrpl.consensus.have_close_time_consensus` — close time consensus state
+  - `xrpl.consensus.threshold_percent` — set to `avCT_CONSENSUS_PCT` (75%)
+  - `xrpl.consensus.result` — "yes", "no", or "moved_on"
+  - `xrpl.consensus.avalanche_threshold` — the escalated weight from `getNeededWeight()` on the `consensus.update_positions` span
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/consensus/Consensus.h` — `haveConsensus()` method
+
+---
+
+## Task 4a.7: Instrument Mode Changes ✅
+
+**Objective**: Trace consensus mode transitions (proposing ↔ observing,
+wrongLedger, switchedLedger).
+
+**Status**: Done.
+
+**What was done**:
+
+- In `RCLConsensus::Adaptor::onModeChange()`, creates a scoped span via direct
+  `SpanGuard::span()` call:
+
+  ```cpp
+  auto span = telemetry::SpanGuard::span(
+      telemetry::TraceCategory::Consensus, telemetry::seg::consensus, "mode_change");
+  span.setAttribute(cons_span::attr::modeOld, to_string(before).c_str());
+  span.setAttribute(cons_span::attr::modeNew, to_string(after).c_str());
+  ```
+
+- `MonitoredMode::set()` in `Consensus.h` calls `adaptor_.onModeChange(before, after)`.
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/app/consensus/RCLConsensus.cpp` — `onModeChange()`
+
+---
+
+## Task 4a.8: Reparent Existing Spans Under Round ✅
+
+**Objective**: Make existing consensus spans (`consensus.accept`,
+`consensus.accept.apply`, `consensus.validation.send`) children of the
+`consensus.round` root span instead of being standalone.
+
+**Status**: DONE. All three spans are now parented under the round span.
+
+**What was done**:
+
+- `consensus.validation.send` uses `SpanGuard::linkedSpan()` to create a
+  follows-from link to `roundSpanContext_`. This is thread-safe because
+  `roundSpanContext_` is a lightweight `SpanContext` snapshot captured on the
+  consensus thread and read on the jtACCEPT worker thread.
+
+- `consensus.accept` and `consensus.accept.apply` now use
+  `SpanGuard::childSpan(name, roundSpanContext_)` instead of `SpanGuard::span()`
+  to explicitly parent under the round span context. This solves the cross-thread
+  parenting problem:
+  - `doAccept()` runs on the jtACCEPT worker thread (not the consensus thread)
+  - `childSpan()` explicitly passes the parent context, bypassing OTel's
+    thread-local context propagation
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/app/consensus/RCLConsensus.cpp`
+
+---
+
+## Task 4a.9: Build Verification and Testing ✅
+
+**Objective**: Verify all Phase 4a changes compile cleanly with telemetry ON
+and OFF, and don't affect consensus timing.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+1. Build with `telemetry=ON` — verify no compilation errors
+2. Build with `telemetry=OFF` — verify `SpanGuard` compiles to no-ops
+3. Run existing consensus unit tests
+4. Verify `SpanGuard` / `SpanContext` members have negligible overhead when disabled
+5. Run `pccl` pre-commit checks
+
+**Verification Checklist**:
+
+- [x] Build succeeds with telemetry ON
+- [x] Build succeeds with telemetry OFF
+- [x] Existing consensus tests pass
+- [x] `SpanGuard` no-op path verified (no `#ifdef` needed — disabled at runtime)
+- [x] No new virtual calls in hot consensus paths
+- [x] `pccl` passes
+
+---
+
+## Phase 4a Summary
+
+| Task | Description                                      | Status                   | New Files | Modified Files | Depends On |
+| ---- | ------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------ | --------- | -------------- | ---------- |
+| 4a.0 | Prerequisites: extend SpanGuard & Telemetry APIs | ✅ Done (no macros)      | 0         | 2              | Phase 4    |
+| 4a.1 | Adaptor `getTelemetry()` method                  | ⏭️ Skipped (not needed)  | 0         | 0              | Phase 4    |
+| 4a.2 | Switchable round span with deterministic traceID | ✅ Done                  | 1         | 3              | 4a.0       |
+| 4a.3 | Span members in `Consensus.h`                    | ✅ Done (with deviation) | 0         | 2              | —          |
+| 4a.4 | Instrument `phaseEstablish()`                    | ✅ Done                  | 0         | 1              | 4a.3       |
+| 4a.5 | Instrument `updateOurPositions()`                | ✅ Done                  | 0         | 2              | 4a.0, 4a.3 |
+| 4a.6 | Instrument `haveConsensus()` (thresholds)        | ✅ Done                  | 0         | 1              | 4a.3       |
+| 4a.7 | Instrument mode changes                          | ✅ Done                  | 0         | 1              | —          |
+| 4a.8 | Reparent existing spans under round              | ✅ Done                  | 0         | 1              | 4a.0, 4a.2 |
+| 4a.9 | Build verification and testing                   | ✅ Done                  | 0         | 0              | 4a.0-4a.8  |
+
+**Parallel work**: Tasks 4a.0 and 4a.1 can run in parallel. Tasks 4a.4, 4a.5, 4a.6, and 4a.7 can run in parallel after 4a.3 (and 4a.0 for 4a.5).
+
+### New Spans (Phase 4a)
+
+| Span Name                    | Location           | Key Attributes (actually set)                                                                                                 |
+| ---------------------------- | ------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `consensus.round`            | `RCLConsensus.cpp` | `round_id`, `ledger_id`, `ledger.seq`, `mode`, `trace_strategy`                                                               |
+| `consensus.establish`        | `Consensus.h`      | `converge_percent`, `establish_count`, `proposers`                                                                            |
+| `consensus.update_positions` | `Consensus.h`      | `converge_percent`, `proposers`, `have_close_time_consensus`, `close_time_threshold`, `disputes_count`, `avalanche_threshold` |
+| `consensus.check`            | `Consensus.h`      | `agree_count`, `disagree_count`, `converge_percent`, `have_close_time_consensus`, `threshold_percent`, `result`               |
+| `consensus.mode_change`      | `RCLConsensus.cpp` | `mode.old`, `mode.new`                                                                                                        |
+
+### New Events (Phase 4a)
+
+| Event Name        | Parent Span                  | Attributes (actually set)           |
+| ----------------- | ---------------------------- | ----------------------------------- |
+| `dispute.resolve` | `consensus.update_positions` | `tx_id`, `our_vote`, `yays`, `nays` |
+| `tx.included`     | `consensus.accept.apply`     | `tx_id`                             |
+
+### New Attributes (Phase 4a)
+
+```cpp
+// Round-level (on consensus.round) — ALL IMPLEMENTED
+"xrpl.consensus.round_id"              = int64    // Consensus round number
+"xrpl.consensus.ledger_id"             = string   // previousLedger.id() hash
+"xrpl.consensus.trace_strategy"        = string   // "deterministic" or "attribute"
+
+// Establish-level — IMPLEMENTED
+"xrpl.consensus.converge_percent"      = int64    // Convergence % (0-100+)
+"xrpl.consensus.establish_count"       = int64    // Number of establish iterations
+"xrpl.consensus.agree_count"           = int64    // Peers that agree (haveConsensus)
+"xrpl.consensus.disagree_count"        = int64    // Peers that disagree
+"xrpl.consensus.threshold_percent"     = int64    // Current threshold (avCT_CONSENSUS_PCT = 75%)
+"xrpl.consensus.result"                = string   // "yes", "no", "moved_on"
+"xrpl.consensus.have_close_time_consensus" = bool // Close time consensus reached
+"xrpl.consensus.close_time_threshold"  = int64    // Close time voting threshold
+
+// Establish-level — IMPLEMENTED
+"xrpl.consensus.disputes_count"        = int64    // Active disputes (on update_positions)
+"xrpl.consensus.avalanche_threshold"   = int64    // Escalated weight (on update_positions)
+
+// Establish-level — NOT IMPLEMENTED
+// "xrpl.consensus.proposers_agreed"   = int64    // Peers agreeing with us — not set
+// "xrpl.consensus.proposers_total"    = int64    // Total peer positions — not set (not defined)
+
+// Mode change — ALL IMPLEMENTED
+"xrpl.consensus.mode.old"              = string   // Previous mode
+"xrpl.consensus.mode.new"              = string   // New mode
+```
+
+### Implementation Notes
+
+- **No macros**: The planned `XRPL_TRACE_CONSENSUS`, `XRPL_TRACE_ADD_EVENT`, and
+  `XRPL_TRACE_SET_ATTR` macros were not implemented. All consensus tracing uses
+  `SpanGuard` factory methods (`span()`, `hashSpan()`, `linkedSpan()`) and direct
+  method calls (`setAttribute()`, `addEvent()`). This avoids macro control-flow
+  issues and is cleaner than the planned approach.
+- **Separation of concerns**: All non-trivial telemetry code extracted to private
+  helpers (`startRoundTracing`, `createValidationSpan`, `startEstablishTracing`,
+  `updateEstablishTracing`, `endEstablishTracing`). Business logic methods contain
+  single-line calls to these helpers.
+- **Thread safety**: `createValidationSpan()` runs on the jtACCEPT worker thread.
+  Instead of accessing `roundSpan_` across threads, a `roundSpanContext_` snapshot
+  (lightweight `SpanContext` value type) is captured on the consensus thread in
+  `startRoundTracing()` and read by `createValidationSpan()`. The job queue
+  provides the happens-before guarantee.
+- **No `#ifdef` guards**: Span members use `std::optional<SpanGuard>` and `SpanContext`
+  which have no-op implementations when telemetry is disabled. No `#ifdef XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY`
+  guards needed around members or includes.
+- **No `getTelemetry()` adaptor method**: `SpanGuard::span()` is a static factory that
+  internally checks telemetry state, so `Consensus.h` doesn't need adaptor access
+  for span creation. Only `RCLConsensus::Adaptor` accesses `app_.getTelemetry()` directly.
+- **Config validation**: `consensus_trace_strategy` is validated to be either
+  `"deterministic"` or `"attribute"`, falling back to `"deterministic"` for
+  unrecognised values.
+- **Plan deviation**: `roundSpan_` is stored in `RCLConsensus::Adaptor` (not
+  `Consensus.h`) because the adaptor has access to telemetry config and can
+  implement the deterministic trace ID strategy. `establishSpan_` is correctly
+  in `Consensus.h` as planned.
+
+---
+
+# Phase 4b: Cross-Node Propagation (Future — Documentation Only)
+
+> **Goal**: Wire `TraceContextPropagator` for P2P messages so that proposals
+> and validations carry trace context between nodes. This enables true
+> distributed tracing where a proposal sent by Node A creates a child span
+> on Node B.
+>
+> **Status**: NOT IMPLEMENTED. The protobuf fields and propagator class exist
+> but are not wired. This section documents the design for future work.
+
+## Architecture
+
+```
+Node A (proposing)                         Node B (receiving)
+─────────────────                         ──────────────────
+consensus.round                           consensus.round
+├── propose()                             ├── peerProposal()
+│   └── TraceContextPropagator            │   └── TraceContextPropagator
+│       ::injectToProtobuf(               │       ::extractFromProtobuf(
+│           TMProposeSet.trace_context)   │           TMProposeSet.trace_context)
+│                                         │   └── span link → Node A's context
+└── validate()                            └── onValidation()
+    └── inject into TMValidation              └── extract from TMValidation
+```
+
+## Wiring Points
+
+| Message         | Inject Location                    | Extract Location                    | Protobuf Field             |
+| --------------- | ---------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- | -------------------------- |
+| `TMProposeSet`  | `Adaptor::propose()`               | `PeerImp::onMessage(TMProposeSet)`  | field 1001: `TraceContext` |
+| `TMValidation`  | `Adaptor::validate()`              | `PeerImp::onMessage(TMValidation)`  | field 1001: `TraceContext` |
+| `TMTransaction` | `NetworkOPs::processTransaction()` | `PeerImp::onMessage(TMTransaction)` | field 1001: `TraceContext` |
+
+## Span Link Semantics
+
+Received messages use **span links** (follows-from), NOT parent-child:
+
+- The receiver's processing span links to the sender's context
+- This preserves each node's independent trace tree
+- Cross-node correlation visible via linked traces in Tempo/Jaeger
+
+## Interaction with Deterministic Trace ID (Strategy A)
+
+When using deterministic trace_id (Phase 4a default), cross-node spans already
+share the same trace_id. P2P propagation adds **span-level** linking:
+
+- Without propagation: spans from different nodes appear in the same trace
+  (same trace_id) but without parent-child or follows-from relationships.
+- With propagation: spans have explicit links showing which proposal/validation
+  from Node A caused processing on Node B.
+
+## Prerequisites
+
+- Phase 4a (this task list) — establish phase tracing must be in place
+- `TraceContextPropagator` free functions (already exist in
+  `include/xrpl/telemetry/TraceContextPropagator.h`)
+- Protobuf `TraceContext` message (already exists, field 1001)

OpenTelemetryPlan/Phase5_IntegrationTest_taskList.md

@@ -0,0 +1,221 @@
+# Phase 5: Integration Test Task List
+
+> **Goal**: End-to-end verification of the complete telemetry pipeline using a
+> 6-node consensus network. Proves that RPC, transaction, and consensus spans
+> flow through the observability stack (otel-collector, Tempo, Prometheus,
+> Grafana) under realistic conditions.
+>
+> **Scope**: Integration test script, manual testing plan, 6-node local network
+> setup, Tempo/Prometheus/Grafana verification.
+>
+> **Branch**: `pratik/otel-phase5-docs-deployment`
+
+### Related Plan Documents
+
+| Document                                                         | Relevance                                  |
+| ---------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------ |
+| [07-observability-backends.md](./07-observability-backends.md)   | Tempo, Grafana, Prometheus setup           |
+| [05-configuration-reference.md](./05-configuration-reference.md) | Collector config, Docker Compose           |
+| [06-implementation-phases.md](./06-implementation-phases.md)     | Phase 5 tasks, definition of done          |
+| [Phase5_taskList.md](./Phase5_taskList.md)                       | Phase 5 main task list (5.6 = integration) |
+
+---
+
+## Task IT.1: Create Integration Test Script
+
+**Objective**: Automated bash script that stands up a 6-node xrpld network
+with telemetry, exercises all span categories, and verifies data in
+Tempo/Prometheus.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Create `docker/telemetry/integration-test.sh`:
+  - Prerequisites check (docker, xrpld binary, curl, jq)
+  - Start observability stack via `docker compose`
+  - Generate 6 validator key pairs via temp standalone xrpld
+  - Generate 6 node configs + shared `validators.txt`
+  - Start 6 xrpld nodes in consensus mode (`--start`, no `-a`)
+  - Wait for all nodes to reach `"proposing"` state (120s timeout)
+
+**Key new file**: `docker/telemetry/integration-test.sh`
+
+**Verification**:
+
+- [ ] Script starts without errors
+- [ ] All 6 nodes reach "proposing" state
+- [ ] Observability stack is healthy (otel-collector, Tempo, Prometheus, Grafana)
+
+---
+
+## Task IT.2: RPC Span Verification (Phase 2)
+
+**Objective**: Verify RPC spans flow through the telemetry pipeline.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Send `server_info`, `server_state`, `ledger` RPCs to node1 (port 5005)
+- Wait for batch export (5s)
+- Query Tempo API for:
+  - `rpc.request` spans (ServerHandler::onRequest)
+  - `rpc.process` spans (ServerHandler::processRequest)
+  - `rpc.command.server_info` spans (callMethod)
+  - `rpc.command.server_state` spans (callMethod)
+  - `rpc.command.ledger` spans (callMethod)
+- Verify `xrpl.rpc.command` attribute present on `rpc.command.*` spans
+
+**Verification**:
+
+- [ ] Tempo shows `rpc.request` traces
+- [ ] Tempo shows `rpc.process` traces
+- [ ] Tempo shows `rpc.command.*` traces with correct attributes
+
+---
+
+## Task IT.3: Transaction Span Verification (Phase 3)
+
+**Objective**: Verify transaction spans flow through the telemetry pipeline.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Get genesis account sequence via `account_info` RPC
+- Submit Payment transaction using genesis seed (`snoPBrXtMeMyMHUVTgbuqAfg1SUTb`)
+- Wait for consensus inclusion (10s)
+- Query Tempo API for:
+  - `tx.process` spans (NetworkOPsImp::processTransaction) on submitting node
+  - `tx.receive` spans (PeerImp::handleTransaction) on peer nodes
+- Verify `xrpl.tx.hash` attribute on `tx.process` spans
+- Verify `xrpl.peer.id` attribute on `tx.receive` spans
+
+**Verification**:
+
+- [ ] Tempo shows `tx.process` traces with `xrpl.tx.hash`
+- [ ] Tempo shows `tx.receive` traces with `xrpl.peer.id`
+
+---
+
+## Task IT.4: Consensus Span Verification (Phase 4)
+
+**Objective**: Verify consensus spans flow through the telemetry pipeline.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Consensus runs automatically in 6-node network
+- Query Tempo API for:
+  - `consensus.proposal.send` (Adaptor::propose)
+  - `consensus.ledger_close` (Adaptor::onClose)
+  - `consensus.accept` (Adaptor::onAccept)
+  - `consensus.validation.send` (Adaptor::validate)
+- Verify attributes:
+  - `xrpl.consensus.mode` on `consensus.ledger_close`
+  - `xrpl.consensus.proposers` on `consensus.accept`
+  - `xrpl.consensus.ledger.seq` on `consensus.validation.send`
+
+**Verification**:
+
+- [ ] Tempo shows `consensus.ledger_close` traces with `xrpl.consensus.mode`
+- [ ] Tempo shows `consensus.accept` traces with `xrpl.consensus.proposers`
+- [ ] Tempo shows `consensus.proposal.send` traces
+- [ ] Tempo shows `consensus.validation.send` traces
+
+---
+
+## Task IT.5: Spanmetrics Verification (Phase 5)
+
+**Objective**: Verify spanmetrics connector derives RED metrics from spans.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Query Prometheus for `traces_span_metrics_calls_total`
+- Query Prometheus for `traces_span_metrics_duration_milliseconds_count`
+- Verify Grafana loads at `http://localhost:3000`
+
+**Verification**:
+
+- [ ] Prometheus returns non-empty results for `traces_span_metrics_calls_total`
+- [ ] Prometheus returns non-empty results for duration histogram
+- [ ] Grafana UI accessible with dashboards visible
+
+---
+
+## Task IT.6: Manual Testing Plan
+
+**Objective**: Document how to run tests manually for future reference.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Create `docker/telemetry/TESTING.md` with:
+  - Prerequisites section
+  - Single-node standalone test (quick verification)
+  - 6-node consensus test (full verification)
+  - Expected span catalog (all 12 span names with attributes)
+  - Verification queries (Tempo API, Prometheus API)
+  - Troubleshooting guide
+
+**Key new file**: `docker/telemetry/TESTING.md`
+
+**Verification**:
+
+- [ ] Document covers both single-node and multi-node testing
+- [ ] All 12 span names documented with source file and attributes
+- [ ] Troubleshooting section covers common failure modes
+
+---
+
+## Task IT.7: Run and Verify
+
+**Objective**: Execute the integration test and validate results.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Run `docker/telemetry/integration-test.sh` locally
+- Debug any failures
+- Leave stack running for manual verification
+- Share URLs:
+  - Tempo: `http://localhost:3200`
+  - Grafana: `http://localhost:3000`
+  - Prometheus: `http://localhost:9090`
+
+**Verification**:
+
+- [ ] Script completes with all checks passing
+- [ ] Tempo UI shows xrpld service with all expected span names
+- [ ] Grafana dashboards load and show data
+
+---
+
+## Task IT.8: Commit
+
+**Objective**: Commit all new files to Phase 5 branch.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Run `pcc` (pre-commit checks)
+- Commit 3 new files to `pratik/otel-phase5-docs-deployment`
+
+**Verification**:
+
+- [ ] `pcc` passes
+- [ ] Commit created on Phase 5 branch
+
+---
+
+## Summary
+
+| Task | Description                   | New Files | Depends On |
+| ---- | ----------------------------- | --------- | ---------- |
+| IT.1 | Integration test script       | 1         | Phase 5    |
+| IT.2 | RPC span verification         | 0         | IT.1       |
+| IT.3 | Transaction span verification | 0         | IT.1       |
+| IT.4 | Consensus span verification   | 0         | IT.1       |
+| IT.5 | Spanmetrics verification      | 0         | IT.1       |
+| IT.6 | Manual testing plan           | 1         | --         |
+| IT.7 | Run and verify                | 0         | IT.1-IT.6  |
+| IT.8 | Commit                        | 0         | IT.7       |
+
+**Exit Criteria**:
+
+- [ ] All 6 xrpld nodes reach "proposing" state
+- [ ] All 11 expected span names visible in Tempo
+- [ ] Spanmetrics available in Prometheus
+- [ ] Grafana dashboards show data
+- [ ] Manual testing plan document complete

OpenTelemetryPlan/Phase5_taskList.md

@@ -0,0 +1,241 @@
+# Phase 5: Documentation & Deployment Task List
+
+> **Goal**: Production readiness — Grafana dashboards, spanmetrics pipeline, operator runbook, alert definitions, and final integration testing. This phase ensures the telemetry system is useful and maintainable in production.
+>
+> **Scope**: Grafana dashboard definitions, OTel Collector spanmetrics connector, Prometheus integration, alert rules, operator documentation, and production-ready Docker Compose stack.
+>
+> **Branch**: `pratik/otel-phase5-docs-deployment` (from `pratik/otel-phase4-consensus-tracing`)
+
+### Related Plan Documents
+
+| Document                                                         | Relevance                                                                  |
+| ---------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| [07-observability-backends.md](./07-observability-backends.md)   | Tempo setup (§7.1), Grafana dashboards (§7.6), alerts (§7.6.3)             |
+| [05-configuration-reference.md](./05-configuration-reference.md) | Collector config (§5.5), production config (§5.5.2), Docker Compose (§5.6) |
+| [06-implementation-phases.md](./06-implementation-phases.md)     | Phase 5 tasks (§6.6), definition of done (§6.11.5)                         |
+
+---
+
+## Task 5.1: Add Spanmetrics Connector to OTel Collector
+
+**Objective**: Derive RED metrics (Rate, Errors, Duration) from trace spans automatically, enabling Grafana time-series dashboards.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Edit `docker/telemetry/otel-collector-config.yaml`:
+  - Add `spanmetrics` connector:
+    ```yaml
+    connectors:
+      spanmetrics:
+        histogram:
+          explicit:
+            buckets: [1ms, 5ms, 10ms, 25ms, 50ms, 100ms, 250ms, 500ms, 1s, 5s]
+        dimensions:
+          - name: xrpl.rpc.command
+          - name: xrpl.rpc.status
+          - name: xrpl.consensus.phase
+          - name: xrpl.tx.type
+    ```
+  - Add `prometheus` exporter:
+    ```yaml
+    exporters:
+      prometheus:
+        endpoint: 0.0.0.0:8889
+    ```
+  - Wire the pipeline:
+    ```yaml
+    service:
+      pipelines:
+        traces:
+          receivers: [otlp]
+          processors: [batch]
+          exporters: [debug, otlp/tempo, spanmetrics]
+        metrics:
+          receivers: [spanmetrics]
+          exporters: [prometheus]
+    ```
+
+- Edit `docker/telemetry/docker-compose.yml`:
+  - Expose port `8889` on the collector for Prometheus scraping
+  - Add Prometheus service
+  - Add Prometheus as Grafana datasource
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `docker/telemetry/otel-collector-config.yaml`
+- `docker/telemetry/docker-compose.yml`
+
+**Key new files**:
+
+- `docker/telemetry/prometheus.yml` (Prometheus scrape config)
+- `docker/telemetry/grafana/provisioning/datasources/prometheus.yaml`
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [POC_taskList.md §Next Steps](./POC_taskList.md) — Metrics pipeline for Grafana dashboards
+
+---
+
+## Task 5.2: Create Grafana Dashboards
+
+**Objective**: Provide pre-built Grafana dashboards for RPC performance, transaction lifecycle, and consensus health.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Create `docker/telemetry/grafana/provisioning/dashboards/dashboards.yaml` (provisioning config)
+- Create dashboard JSON files:
+  1. **RPC Performance Dashboard** (`rpc-performance.json`):
+     - RPC request latency (p50/p95/p99) by command — histogram panel
+     - RPC throughput (requests/sec) by command — time series
+     - RPC error rate by command — bar gauge
+     - Top slowest RPC commands — table
+
+  2. **Transaction Overview Dashboard** (`transaction-overview.json`):
+     - Transaction processing rate — time series
+     - Transaction latency distribution — histogram
+     - Suppression rate (duplicates) — stat panel
+     - Transaction processing path (sync vs async) — pie chart
+
+  3. **Consensus Health Dashboard** (`consensus-health.json`):
+     - Consensus round duration — time series
+     - Phase duration breakdown (open/establish/accept) — stacked bar
+     - Proposals sent/received per round — stat panel
+     - Consensus mode distribution (proposing/observing) — pie chart
+
+- Store dashboards in `docker/telemetry/grafana/dashboards/`
+
+**Key new files**:
+
+- `docker/telemetry/grafana/provisioning/dashboards/dashboards.yaml`
+- `docker/telemetry/grafana/dashboards/rpc-performance.json`
+- `docker/telemetry/grafana/dashboards/transaction-overview.json`
+- `docker/telemetry/grafana/dashboards/consensus-health.json`
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [07-observability-backends.md §7.6](./07-observability-backends.md) — Grafana dashboard specifications
+- [01-architecture-analysis.md §1.8.3](./01-architecture-analysis.md) — Dashboard panel examples
+
+---
+
+## Task 5.3: Define Alert Rules
+
+**Objective**: Create alert definitions for key telemetry anomalies.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Create `docker/telemetry/grafana/provisioning/alerting/alerts.yaml`:
+  - **RPC Latency Alert**: p99 latency > 1s for any command over 5 minutes
+  - **RPC Error Rate Alert**: Error rate > 5% for any command over 5 minutes
+  - **Consensus Duration Alert**: Round duration > 10s (warn), > 30s (critical)
+  - **Transaction Processing Alert**: Processing rate drops below threshold
+  - **Telemetry Pipeline Health**: No spans received for > 2 minutes
+
+**Key new files**:
+
+- `docker/telemetry/grafana/provisioning/alerting/alerts.yaml`
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [07-observability-backends.md §7.6.3](./07-observability-backends.md) — Alert rule definitions
+
+---
+
+## Task 5.4: Production Collector Configuration
+
+**Objective**: Create a production-ready OTel Collector configuration with tail-based sampling and resource limits.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Create `docker/telemetry/otel-collector-config-production.yaml`:
+  - Tail-based sampling policy:
+    - Always sample errors and slow traces
+    - 10% base sampling rate for normal traces
+    - Always sample first trace for each unique RPC command
+  - Resource limits:
+    - Memory limiter processor (80% of available memory)
+    - Queued retry for export failures
+  - TLS configuration for production endpoints
+  - Health check endpoint
+
+**Key new files**:
+
+- `docker/telemetry/otel-collector-config-production.yaml`
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [05-configuration-reference.md §5.5.2](./05-configuration-reference.md) — Production collector config
+
+---
+
+## Task 5.5: Operator Runbook
+
+**Objective**: Create operator documentation for managing the telemetry system in production.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Create `docs/telemetry-runbook.md`:
+  - **Setup**: How to enable telemetry in xrpld
+  - **Configuration**: All config options with descriptions
+  - **Collector Deployment**: Docker Compose vs. Kubernetes vs. bare metal
+  - **Troubleshooting**: Common issues and resolutions
+    - No traces appearing
+    - High memory usage from telemetry
+    - Collector connection failures
+    - Sampling configuration tuning
+  - **Performance Tuning**: Batch size, queue size, sampling ratio guidelines
+  - **Upgrading**: How to upgrade OTel SDK and Collector versions
+
+**Key new files**:
+
+- `docs/telemetry-runbook.md`
+
+---
+
+## Task 5.6: Final Integration Testing
+
+**Objective**: Validate the complete telemetry stack end-to-end.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+1. Start full Docker stack (Collector, Tempo, Grafana, Prometheus)
+2. Build xrpld with `telemetry=ON`
+3. Run in standalone mode with telemetry enabled
+4. Generate RPC traffic and verify traces in Tempo
+5. Verify dashboards populate in Grafana
+6. Verify alerts trigger correctly
+7. Test telemetry OFF path (no regressions)
+8. Run full test suite
+
+**Verification Checklist**:
+
+- [ ] Docker stack starts without errors
+- [ ] Traces appear in Tempo with correct hierarchy
+- [ ] Grafana dashboards show metrics derived from spans
+- [ ] Prometheus scrapes spanmetrics successfully
+- [ ] Alerts can be triggered by simulated conditions
+- [ ] Build succeeds with telemetry ON and OFF
+- [ ] Full test suite passes
+
+---
+
+## Summary
+
+| Task | Description                        | New Files | Modified Files | Depends On |
+| ---- | ---------------------------------- | --------- | -------------- | ---------- |
+| 5.1  | Spanmetrics connector + Prometheus | 2         | 2              | Phase 4    |
+| 5.2  | Grafana dashboards                 | 4         | 0              | 5.1        |
+| 5.3  | Alert definitions                  | 1         | 0              | 5.1        |
+| 5.4  | Production collector config        | 1         | 0              | Phase 4    |
+| 5.5  | Operator runbook                   | 1         | 0              | Phase 4    |
+| 5.6  | Final integration testing          | 0         | 0              | 5.1-5.5    |
+
+**Parallel work**: Tasks 5.1, 5.4, and 5.5 can run in parallel. Tasks 5.2 and 5.3 depend on 5.1. Task 5.6 depends on all others.
+
+**Exit Criteria** (from [06-implementation-phases.md §6.11.5](./06-implementation-phases.md)):
+
+- [ ] Dashboards deployed and showing data
+- [ ] Alerts configured and tested
+- [ ] Operator documentation complete
+- [ ] Production collector config ready
+- [ ] Full test suite passes

OpenTelemetryPlan/presentation.md

@@ -0,0 +1,673 @@
+# OpenTelemetry Distributed Tracing for xrpld
+
+---
+
+## Slide 1: Introduction
+
+> **CNCF** = Cloud Native Computing Foundation
+
+### What is OpenTelemetry?
+
+OpenTelemetry is an open-source, CNCF-backed observability framework for distributed tracing, metrics, and logs.
+
+### Why OpenTelemetry for xrpld?
+
+- **End-to-End Transaction Visibility**: Track transactions from submission → consensus → ledger inclusion
+- **Cross-Node Correlation**: Follow requests across multiple independent nodes using a unique `trace_id`
+- **Consensus Round Analysis**: Understand timing and behavior across validators
+- **Incident Debugging**: Correlate events across distributed nodes during issues
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart LR
+    A["Node A<br/>tx.receive<br/>trace_id: abc123"] --> B["Node B<br/>tx.relay<br/>trace_id: abc123"] --> C["Node C<br/>tx.validate<br/>trace_id: abc123"] --> D["Node D<br/>ledger.apply<br/>trace_id: abc123"]
+
+    style A fill:#1565c0,stroke:#0d47a1,color:#fff
+    style B fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#fff
+    style C fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#fff
+    style D fill:#e65100,stroke:#bf360c,color:#fff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **Node A (blue, leftmost)**: The originating node that first receives the transaction and assigns a new `trace_id: abc123`; this ID becomes the correlation key for the entire distributed trace.
+- **Node B and Node C (green, middle)**: Relay and validation nodes — each creates its own span but carries the same `trace_id`, so their work is linked to the original submission without any central coordinator.
+- **Node D (orange, rightmost)**: The final node that applies the transaction to the ledger; the trace now spans the full lifecycle from submission to ledger inclusion.
+- **Left-to-right flow**: The horizontal progression shows the real-world message path — a transaction hops from node to node, and the shared `trace_id` stitches all hops into a single queryable trace.
+
+> **Trace ID: abc123** — All nodes share the same trace, enabling cross-node correlation.
+
+---
+
+## Slide 2: OpenTelemetry vs Open Source Alternatives
+
+> **CNCF** = Cloud Native Computing Foundation
+
+| Feature             | OpenTelemetry    | Jaeger           | Zipkin             | SkyWalking | Pinpoint   | Prometheus |
+| ------------------- | ---------------- | ---------------- | ------------------ | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- |
+| **Tracing**         | YES              | YES              | YES                | YES        | YES        | NO         |
+| **Metrics**         | YES              | NO               | NO                 | YES        | YES        | YES        |
+| **Logs**            | YES              | NO               | NO                 | YES        | NO         | NO         |
+| **C++ SDK**         | YES Official     | YES (Deprecated) | YES (Unmaintained) | NO         | NO         | YES        |
+| **Vendor Neutral**  | YES Primary goal | NO               | NO                 | NO         | NO         | NO         |
+| **Instrumentation** | Manual + Auto    | Manual           | Manual             | Auto-first | Auto-first | Manual     |
+| **Backend**         | Any (exporters)  | Self             | Self               | Self       | Self       | Self       |
+| **CNCF Status**     | Incubating       | Graduated        | NO                 | Incubating | NO         | Graduated  |
+
+> **Why OpenTelemetry?** It's the only actively maintained, full-featured C++ option with vendor neutrality — allowing export to Tempo, Prometheus, Grafana, or any commercial backend without changing instrumentation.
+
+---
+
+## Slide 3: Adoption Scope — Traces Only (Current Plan)
+
+OpenTelemetry supports three signal types: **Traces**, **Metrics**, and **Logs**. xrpld already captures metrics (StatsD via Beast Insight) and logs (Journal/PerfLog). The question is: how much of OTel do we adopt?
+
+> **Scenario A**: Add distributed tracing. Keep StatsD for metrics and Journal for logs.
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart LR
+    subgraph xrpld["xrpld Process"]
+        direction TB
+        OTel["OTel SDK<br/>(Traces)"]
+        Insight["Beast Insight<br/>(StatsD Metrics)"]
+        Journal["Journal + PerfLog<br/>(Logging)"]
+    end
+
+    OTel -->|"OTLP"| Collector["OTel Collector"]
+    Insight -->|"UDP"| StatsD["StatsD Server"]
+    Journal -->|"File I/O"| LogFile["perf.log / debug.log"]
+
+    Collector --> Tempo["Tempo"]
+    StatsD --> Graphite["Graphite / Grafana"]
+    LogFile --> Loki["Loki (optional)"]
+
+    style xrpld fill:#424242,stroke:#212121,color:#fff
+    style OTel fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#fff
+    style Insight fill:#1565c0,stroke:#0d47a1,color:#fff
+    style Journal fill:#e65100,stroke:#bf360c,color:#fff
+    style Collector fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#fff
+```
+
+| Aspect                         | Details                                                                                                         |
+| ------------------------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **What changes for operators** | Deploy OTel Collector + trace backend. Existing StatsD and log pipelines stay as-is.                            |
+| **Codebase impact**            | New `Telemetry` module (~1500 LOC). Beast Insight and Journal untouched.                                        |
+| **New capabilities**           | Cross-node trace correlation, span-based debugging, request lifecycle visibility.                               |
+| **What we still can't do**     | Correlate metrics with specific traces natively. StatsD metrics remain fire-and-forget with no trace exemplars. |
+| **Maintenance burden**         | Three separate observability systems to maintain (OTel + StatsD + Journal).                                     |
+| **Risk**                       | Lowest — additive change, no existing systems disturbed.                                                        |
+
+---
+
+## Slide 4: Future Adoption — Metrics & Logs via OTel
+
+### Scenario B: + OTel Metrics (Replace StatsD)
+
+> Migrate StatsD to OTel Metrics API, exposing Prometheus-compatible metrics. Remove Beast Insight.
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart LR
+    subgraph xrpld["xrpld Process"]
+        direction TB
+        OTel["OTel SDK<br/>(Traces + Metrics)"]
+        Journal["Journal + PerfLog<br/>(Logging)"]
+    end
+
+    OTel -->|"OTLP"| Collector["OTel Collector"]
+    Journal -->|"File I/O"| LogFile["perf.log / debug.log"]
+
+    Collector --> Tempo["Tempo<br/>(Traces)"]
+    Collector --> Prom["Prometheus<br/>(Metrics)"]
+    LogFile --> Loki["Loki (optional)"]
+
+    style xrpld fill:#424242,stroke:#212121,color:#fff
+    style OTel fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#fff
+    style Journal fill:#e65100,stroke:#bf360c,color:#fff
+    style Collector fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#fff
+```
+
+- **Better metrics?** Yes — Prometheus gives native histograms (p50/p95/p99), multi-dimensional labels, and exemplars linking metric spikes to traces.
+- **Codebase**: Remove `Beast::Insight` + `StatsDCollector` (~2000 LOC). Single SDK for traces and metrics.
+- **Operator effort**: Rewrite dashboards from StatsD/Graphite queries to PromQL. Run both in parallel during transition.
+- **Risk**: Medium — operators must migrate monitoring infrastructure.
+
+### Scenario C: + OTel Logs (Full Stack)
+
+> Also replace Journal logging with OTel Logs API. Single SDK for everything.
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart LR
+    subgraph xrpld["xrpld Process"]
+        OTel["OTel SDK<br/>(Traces + Metrics + Logs)"]
+    end
+
+    OTel -->|"OTLP"| Collector["OTel Collector"]
+
+    Collector --> Tempo["Tempo<br/>(Traces)"]
+    Collector --> Prom["Prometheus<br/>(Metrics)"]
+    Collector --> Loki["Loki / Elastic<br/>(Logs)"]
+
+    style xrpld fill:#424242,stroke:#212121,color:#fff
+    style OTel fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#fff
+    style Collector fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#fff
+```
+
+- **Structured logging**: OTel Logs API outputs structured records with `trace_id`, `span_id`, severity, and attributes by design.
+- **Full correlation**: Every log line carries `trace_id`. Click trace → see logs. Click metric spike → see trace → see logs.
+- **Codebase**: Remove Beast Insight (~2000 LOC) + simplify Journal/PerfLog (~3000 LOC). One dependency instead of three.
+- **Risk**: Highest — `beast::Journal` is deeply embedded in every component. Large refactor. OTel C++ Logs API is newer (stable since v1.11, less battle-tested).
+
+### Recommendation
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart LR
+    A["Phase 1<br/><b>Traces Only</b><br/>(Current Plan)"] --> B["Phase 2<br/><b>+ Metrics</b><br/>(Replace StatsD)"] --> C["Phase 3<br/><b>+ Logs</b><br/>(Full OTel)"]
+
+    style A fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#fff
+    style B fill:#1565c0,stroke:#0d47a1,color:#fff
+    style C fill:#e65100,stroke:#bf360c,color:#fff
+```
+
+| Phase                | Signal    | Strategy                                                       | Risk   |
+| -------------------- | --------- | -------------------------------------------------------------- | ------ |
+| **Phase 1** (now)    | Traces    | Add OTel traces. Keep StatsD and Journal. Prove value.         | Low    |
+| **Phase 2** (future) | + Metrics | Migrate StatsD → Prometheus via OTel. Remove Beast Insight.    | Medium |
+| **Phase 3** (future) | + Logs    | Adopt OTel Logs API. Align with structured logging initiative. | High   |
+
+> **Key Takeaway**: Start with traces (unique value, lowest risk), then incrementally adopt metrics and logs as the OTel infrastructure proves itself.
+
+---
+
+## Slide 5: Comparison with xrpld's Existing Solutions
+
+### Current Observability Stack
+
+| Aspect                | PerfLog (JSON)        | StatsD (Metrics)      | OpenTelemetry (NEW)         |
+| --------------------- | --------------------- | --------------------- | --------------------------- |
+| **Type**              | Logging               | Metrics               | Distributed Tracing         |
+| **Scope**             | Single node           | Single node           | **Cross-node**              |
+| **Data**              | JSON log entries      | Counters, gauges      | Spans with context          |
+| **Correlation**       | By timestamp          | By metric name        | By `trace_id`               |
+| **Overhead**          | Low (file I/O)        | Low (UDP)             | Low-Medium (configurable)   |
+| **Question Answered** | "What happened here?" | "How many? How fast?" | **"What was the journey?"** |
+
+### Use Case Matrix
+
+| Scenario                         | PerfLog | StatsD | OpenTelemetry |
+| -------------------------------- | ------- | ------ | ------------- |
+| "How many TXs per second?"       | ❌      | ✅     | ❌            |
+| "Why was this specific TX slow?" | ⚠️      | ❌     | ✅            |
+| "Which node delayed consensus?"  | ❌      | ❌     | ✅            |
+| "Show TX journey across 5 nodes" | ❌      | ❌     | ✅            |
+
+> **Key Insight**: In the **traces-only** approach (Phase 1), OpenTelemetry **complements** existing systems. In future phases, OTel metrics and logs could **replace** StatsD and Journal respectively — see Slides 3-4 for the full adoption roadmap.
+
+---
+
+## Slide 6: Architecture
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol | **WS** = WebSocket
+
+### High-Level Integration Architecture
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph xrpld["xrpld Node"]
+        subgraph services["Core Services"]
+            direction LR
+            RPC["RPC Server<br/>(HTTP/WS)"] ~~~ Overlay["Overlay<br/>(P2P Network)"] ~~~ Consensus["Consensus<br/>(RCLConsensus)"]
+        end
+
+        Telemetry["Telemetry Module<br/>(OpenTelemetry SDK)"]
+
+        services --> Telemetry
+    end
+
+    Telemetry -->|OTLP/gRPC| Collector["OTel Collector"]
+
+    Collector --> Tempo["Grafana Tempo"]
+    Collector --> Elastic["Elastic APM"]
+
+    style xrpld fill:#424242,stroke:#212121,color:#fff
+    style services fill:#1565c0,stroke:#0d47a1,color:#fff
+    style Telemetry fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#fff
+    style Collector fill:#e65100,stroke:#bf360c,color:#fff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **Core Services (blue, top)**: RPC Server, Overlay, and Consensus are the three primary components that generate trace data — they represent the entry points for client requests, peer messages, and consensus rounds respectively.
+- **Telemetry Module (green, middle)**: The OpenTelemetry SDK sits below the core services and receives span data from all three; it acts as a single collection point within the xrpld process.
+- **OTel Collector (orange, center)**: An external process that receives spans over OTLP/gRPC from the Telemetry Module; it decouples xrpld from backend choices and handles batching, sampling, and routing.
+- **Backends (bottom row)**: Tempo and Elastic APM are interchangeable — the Collector fans out to any combination, so operators can switch backends without modifying xrpld code.
+- **Top-to-bottom flow**: Data flows from instrumented code down through the SDK, out over the network to the Collector, and finally into storage/visualization backends.
+
+### Context Propagation
+
+```mermaid
+sequenceDiagram
+    participant Client
+    participant NodeA as Node A
+    participant NodeB as Node B
+
+    Client->>NodeA: Submit TX (no context)
+    Note over NodeA: Creates trace_id: abc123<br/>span: tx.receive
+    NodeA->>NodeB: Relay TX<br/>(traceparent: abc123)
+    Note over NodeB: Links to trace_id: abc123<br/>span: tx.relay
+```
+
+- **HTTP/RPC**: W3C Trace Context headers (`traceparent`)
+- **P2P Messages**: Protocol Buffer extension fields
+
+---
+
+## Slide 7: Implementation Plan
+
+### 5-Phase Rollout (9 Weeks)
+
+> **Note**: Dates shown are relative to project start, not calendar dates.
+
+```mermaid
+gantt
+    title Implementation Timeline
+    dateFormat  YYYY-MM-DD
+    axisFormat  Week %W
+
+    section Phase 1
+    Core Infrastructure    :p1, 2024-01-01, 2w
+
+    section Phase 2
+    RPC Tracing           :p2, after p1, 2w
+
+    section Phase 3
+    Transaction Tracing   :p3, after p2, 2w
+
+    section Phase 4
+    Consensus Tracing     :p4, after p3, 2w
+
+    section Phase 5
+    Documentation         :p5, after p4, 1w
+```
+
+### Phase Details
+
+| Phase | Focus               | Key Deliverables                             | Effort  |
+| ----- | ------------------- | -------------------------------------------- | ------- |
+| 1     | Core Infrastructure | SDK integration, Telemetry interface, Config | 10 days |
+| 2     | RPC Tracing         | HTTP context extraction, Handler spans       | 10 days |
+| 3     | Transaction Tracing | Protobuf context, P2P relay propagation      | 10 days |
+| 4     | Consensus Tracing   | Round spans, Proposal/validation tracing     | 10 days |
+| 5     | Documentation       | Runbook, Dashboards, Training                | 7 days  |
+
+**Total Effort**: ~47 developer-days (2 developers)
+
+> **Future Phases** (not in current scope): After traces are stable, OTel metrics can replace StatsD (~3 weeks), and OTel logs can replace Journal (~4 weeks, aligned with structured logging initiative). See Slides 3-4 for the full adoption roadmap.
+
+---
+
+## Slide 8: Performance Overhead
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+### Estimated System Impact
+
+| Metric            | Overhead   | Notes                                            |
+| ----------------- | ---------- | ------------------------------------------------ |
+| **CPU**           | 1-3%       | Span creation and attribute setting              |
+| **Memory**        | ~10 MB     | SDK statics + batch buffer + worker thread stack |
+| **Network**       | 10-50 KB/s | Compressed OTLP export to collector              |
+| **Latency (p99)** | <2%        | With proper sampling configuration               |
+
+#### How We Arrived at These Numbers
+
+**Assumptions (XRPL mainnet baseline)**:
+
+| Parameter                 | Value                  | Source                                                                                              |
+| ------------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| Transaction throughput    | ~25 TPS (peaks to ~50) | Mainnet average                                                                                     |
+| Default peers per node    | 21                     | `peerfinder/detail/Tuning.h` (`defaultMaxPeers`)                                                    |
+| Consensus round frequency | ~1 round / 3-4 seconds | `ConsensusParms.h` (`ledgerMIN_CONSENSUS=1950ms`)                                                   |
+| Proposers per round       | ~20-35                 | Mainnet UNL size                                                                                    |
+| P2P message rate          | ~160 msgs/sec          | See message breakdown below                                                                         |
+| Avg TX processing time    | ~200 μs                | Profiled baseline                                                                                   |
+| Single span creation cost | 500-1000 ns            | OTel C++ SDK benchmarks (see [3.5.4](./03-implementation-strategy.md#354-performance-data-sources)) |
+
+**P2P message breakdown** (per node, mainnet):
+
+| Message Type  | Rate         | Derivation                                                            |
+| ------------- | ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| TMTransaction | ~100/sec     | ~25 TPS × ~4 relay hops per TX, deduplicated by HashRouter            |
+| TMValidation  | ~50/sec      | ~35 validators × ~1 validation/3s round ≈ ~12/sec, plus relay fan-out |
+| TMProposeSet  | ~10/sec      | ~35 proposers / 3s round ≈ ~12/round, clustered in establish phase    |
+| **Total**     | **~160/sec** | **Only traced message types counted**                                 |
+
+**CPU (1-3%) — Calculation**:
+
+Per-transaction tracing cost breakdown:
+
+| Operation                                       | Cost        | Notes                                      |
+| ----------------------------------------------- | ----------- | ------------------------------------------ |
+| `tx.receive` span (create + end + 4 attributes) | ~1400 ns    | ~1000ns create + ~200ns end + 4×50ns attrs |
+| `tx.validate` span                              | ~1200 ns    | ~1000ns create + ~200ns for 2 attributes   |
+| `tx.relay` span                                 | ~1200 ns    | ~1000ns create + ~200ns for 2 attributes   |
+| Context injection into P2P message              | ~200 ns     | Serialize trace_id + span_id into protobuf |
+| **Total per TX**                                | **~4.0 μs** |                                            |
+
+> **CPU overhead**: 4.0 μs / 200 μs baseline = **~2.0% per transaction**. Under high load with consensus + RPC spans overlapping, reaches ~3%. Consensus itself adds only ~36 μs per 3-second round (~0.001%), so the TX path dominates. On production server hardware (3+ GHz Xeon), span creation drops to ~500-600 ns, bringing per-TX cost to ~2.6 μs (~1.3%). See [Section 3.5.4](./03-implementation-strategy.md#354-performance-data-sources) for benchmark sources.
+
+**Memory (~10 MB) — Calculation**:
+
+| Component                                     | Size               | Notes                                 |
+| --------------------------------------------- | ------------------ | ------------------------------------- |
+| TracerProvider + Exporter (gRPC channel init) | ~320 KB            | Allocated once at startup             |
+| BatchSpanProcessor (circular buffer)          | ~16 KB             | 2049 × 8-byte AtomicUniquePtr entries |
+| BatchSpanProcessor (worker thread stack)      | ~8 MB              | Default Linux thread stack size       |
+| Active spans (in-flight, max ~1000)           | ~500-800 KB        | ~500-800 bytes/span × 1000 concurrent |
+| Export queue (batch buffer, max 2048 spans)   | ~1 MB              | ~500 bytes/span × 2048 queue depth    |
+| Thread-local context storage (~100 threads)   | ~6.4 KB            | ~64 bytes/thread                      |
+| **Total**                                     | **~10 MB ceiling** |                                       |
+
+> Memory plateaus once the export queue fills — the `max_queue_size=2048` config bounds growth.
+> The worker thread stack (~8 MB) dominates the static footprint but is virtual memory; actual RSS
+> depends on stack usage (typically much less). Active spans are larger than originally estimated
+> (~500-800 bytes) because the OTel SDK `Span` object includes a mutex (~40 bytes), `SpanData`
+> recordable (~250 bytes base), and `std::map`-based attribute storage (~200-500 bytes for 3-5
+> string attributes). See [Section 3.5.4](./03-implementation-strategy.md#354-performance-data-sources) for source references.
+
+**Network (10-50 KB/s) — Calculation**:
+
+Two sources of network overhead:
+
+**(A) OTLP span export to Collector:**
+
+| Sampling Rate              | Effective Spans/sec | Avg Span Size (compressed) | Bandwidth    |
+| -------------------------- | ------------------- | -------------------------- | ------------ |
+| 100% (dev only)            | ~500                | ~500 bytes                 | ~250 KB/s    |
+| **10% (recommended prod)** | **~50**             | **~500 bytes**             | **~25 KB/s** |
+| 1% (minimal)               | ~5                  | ~500 bytes                 | ~2.5 KB/s    |
+
+> The ~500 spans/sec at 100% comes from: ~100 TX spans + ~160 P2P context spans + ~23 consensus spans/round + ~50 RPC spans = ~500/sec. OTLP protobuf with gzip compression yields ~500 bytes/span average.
+
+**(B) P2P trace context overhead** (added to existing messages, always-on regardless of sampling):
+
+| Message Type  | Rate     | Context Size | Bandwidth     |
+| ------------- | -------- | ------------ | ------------- |
+| TMTransaction | ~100/sec | 29 bytes     | ~2.9 KB/s     |
+| TMValidation  | ~50/sec  | 29 bytes     | ~1.5 KB/s     |
+| TMProposeSet  | ~10/sec  | 29 bytes     | ~0.3 KB/s     |
+| **Total P2P** |          |              | **~4.7 KB/s** |
+
+> **Combined**: 25 KB/s (OTLP export at 10%) + 5 KB/s (P2P context) ≈ **~30 KB/s typical**. The 10-50 KB/s range covers 10-20% sampling under normal to peak mainnet load.
+
+**Latency (<2%) — Calculation**:
+
+| Path                           | Tracing Cost | Baseline | Overhead |
+| ------------------------------ | ------------ | -------- | -------- |
+| Fast RPC (e.g., `server_info`) | 2.75 μs      | ~1 ms    | 0.275%   |
+| Slow RPC (e.g., `path_find`)   | 2.75 μs      | ~100 ms  | 0.003%   |
+| Transaction processing         | 4.0 μs       | ~200 μs  | 2.0%     |
+| Consensus round                | 36 μs        | ~3 sec   | 0.001%   |
+
+> At p99, even the worst case (TX processing at 2.0%) is within the 1-3% range. RPC and consensus overhead are negligible. On production hardware, TX overhead drops to ~1.3%.
+
+### Per-Message Overhead (Context Propagation)
+
+Each P2P message carries trace context with the following overhead:
+
+| Field         | Size          | Description                               |
+| ------------- | ------------- | ----------------------------------------- |
+| `trace_id`    | 16 bytes      | Unique identifier for the entire trace    |
+| `span_id`     | 8 bytes       | Current span (becomes parent on receiver) |
+| `trace_flags` | 1 byte        | Sampling decision flags                   |
+| `trace_state` | 0-4 bytes     | Optional vendor-specific data             |
+| **Total**     | **~29 bytes** | **Added per traced P2P message**          |
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart LR
+    subgraph msg["P2P Message with Trace Context"]
+        A["Original Message<br/>(variable size)"] --> B["+ TraceContext<br/>(~29 bytes)"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph breakdown["Context Breakdown"]
+        C["trace_id<br/>16 bytes"]
+        D["span_id<br/>8 bytes"]
+        E["flags<br/>1 byte"]
+        F["state<br/>0-4 bytes"]
+    end
+
+    B --> breakdown
+
+    style A fill:#424242,stroke:#212121,color:#fff
+    style B fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#fff
+    style C fill:#1565c0,stroke:#0d47a1,color:#fff
+    style D fill:#1565c0,stroke:#0d47a1,color:#fff
+    style E fill:#e65100,stroke:#bf360c,color:#fff
+    style F fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **Original Message (gray, left)**: The existing P2P message payload of variable size — this is unchanged; trace context is appended, never modifying the original data.
+- **+ TraceContext (green, right of message)**: The additional 29-byte context block attached to each traced message; the arrow from the original message shows it is a pure addition.
+- **Context Breakdown (right subgraph)**: The four fields — `trace_id` (16 bytes), `span_id` (8 bytes), `flags` (1 byte), and `state` (0-4 bytes) — show exactly what is added and their individual sizes.
+- **Color coding**: Blue fields (`trace_id`, `span_id`) are the core identifiers required for trace correlation; orange (`flags`) controls sampling decisions; purple (`state`) is optional vendor data typically omitted.
+
+> **Note**: 29 bytes represents ~1-6% overhead depending on message size (500B simple TX to 5KB proposal), which is acceptable for the observability benefits provided.
+
+### Mitigation Strategies
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart LR
+    A["Head Sampling<br/>10% default"] --> B["Tail Sampling<br/>Keep errors/slow"] --> C["Batch Export<br/>Reduce I/O"] --> D["Conditional Compile<br/>XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY"]
+
+    style A fill:#1565c0,stroke:#0d47a1,color:#fff
+    style B fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#fff
+    style C fill:#e65100,stroke:#bf360c,color:#fff
+    style D fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+```
+
+> For a detailed explanation of head vs. tail sampling, see Slide 9.
+
+### Kill Switches (Rollback Options)
+
+1. **Config Disable**: Set `enabled=0` in config → instant disable, no restart needed for sampling
+2. **Rebuild**: Compile with `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=OFF` → zero overhead (no-op)
+3. **Full Revert**: Clean separation allows easy commit reversion
+
+---
+
+## Slide 9: Sampling Strategies — Head vs. Tail
+
+> Sampling controls **which traces are recorded and exported**. Without sampling, every operation generates a trace — at 500+ spans/sec, this overwhelms storage and network. Sampling lets you keep the signal, discard the noise.
+
+### Head Sampling (Decision at Start)
+
+The sampling decision is made **when a trace begins**, before any work is done. A random number is generated; if it falls within the configured ratio, the entire trace is recorded. Otherwise, the trace is silently dropped.
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart LR
+    A["New Request<br/>Arrives"] --> B{"Random < 10%?"}
+    B -->|"Yes (1 in 10)"| C["Record Entire Trace<br/>(all spans)"]
+    B -->|"No (9 in 10)"| D["Drop Entire Trace<br/>(zero overhead)"]
+
+    style C fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#fff
+    style D fill:#c62828,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style B fill:#1565c0,stroke:#0d47a1,color:#fff
+```
+
+| Aspect                        | Details                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
+| ----------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Where it runs**             | Inside xrpld (SDK-level). Configured via `sampling_ratio` in `xrpld.cfg`.                                                                                                                                |
+| **When the decision happens** | At trace creation time — before the first span is even populated.                                                                                                                                        |
+| **How it works**              | `sampling_ratio=0.1` means each trace has a 10% probability of being recorded. Dropped traces incur near-zero overhead (no spans created, no attributes set, no export).                                 |
+| **Propagation**               | Once a trace is sampled, the `trace_flags` field (1 byte in the context header) tells downstream nodes to also sample it. Unsampled traces propagate `trace_flags=0`, so downstream nodes skip them too. |
+| **Pros**                      | Lowest overhead. Simple to configure. Predictable resource usage.                                                                                                                                        |
+| **Cons**                      | **Blind** — it doesn't know if the trace will be interesting. A rare error or slow consensus round has only a 10% chance of being captured.                                                              |
+| **Best for**                  | High-volume, steady-state traffic where most traces look similar (e.g., routine RPC requests).                                                                                                           |
+
+**xrpld configuration**:
+
+```ini
+[telemetry]
+# Record 10% of traces (recommended for production)
+sampling_ratio=0.1
+```
+
+### Tail Sampling (Decision at End)
+
+The sampling decision is made **after the trace completes**, based on its actual content — was it slow? Did it error? Was it a consensus round? This requires buffering complete traces before deciding.
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    A["All Traces<br/>Buffered (100%)"] --> B["OTel Collector<br/>Evaluates Rules"]
+
+    B --> C{"Error?"}
+    C -->|Yes| K["KEEP"]
+
+    C -->|No| D{"Slow?<br/>(>5s consensus,<br/>>1s RPC)"}
+    D -->|Yes| K
+
+    D -->|No| E{"Random < 10%?"}
+    E -->|Yes| K
+    E -->|No| F["DROP"]
+
+    style K fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#fff
+    style F fill:#c62828,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style B fill:#1565c0,stroke:#0d47a1,color:#fff
+    style C fill:#e65100,stroke:#bf360c,color:#fff
+    style D fill:#e65100,stroke:#bf360c,color:#fff
+    style E fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+```
+
+| Aspect                        | Details                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
+| ----------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Where it runs**             | In the **OTel Collector** (external process), not inside xrpld. xrpld exports 100% of traces; the Collector decides what to keep.                                                                       |
+| **When the decision happens** | After the Collector has received all spans for a trace (waits `decision_wait=10s` for stragglers).                                                                                                      |
+| **How it works**              | Policy rules evaluate the completed trace: keep all errors, keep slow operations above a threshold, keep all consensus rounds, then probabilistically sample the rest at 10%.                           |
+| **Pros**                      | **Never misses important traces**. Errors, slow requests, and consensus anomalies are always captured regardless of probability.                                                                        |
+| **Cons**                      | Higher resource usage — xrpld must export 100% of spans to the Collector, which buffers them in memory before deciding. The Collector needs more RAM (configured via `num_traces` and `decision_wait`). |
+| **Best for**                  | Production troubleshooting where you can't afford to miss errors or anomalies.                                                                                                                          |
+
+**Collector configuration** (tail sampling rules for xrpld):
+
+```yaml
+processors:
+  tail_sampling:
+    decision_wait: 10s # Wait for all spans in a trace
+    num_traces: 100000 # Buffer up to 100K concurrent traces
+    policies:
+      - name: errors # Always keep error traces
+        type: status_code
+        status_code: { status_codes: [ERROR] }
+
+      - name: slow-consensus # Keep consensus rounds >5s
+        type: latency
+        latency: { threshold_ms: 5000 }
+
+      - name: slow-rpc # Keep slow RPC requests >1s
+        type: latency
+        latency: { threshold_ms: 1000 }
+
+      - name: probabilistic # Sample 10% of everything else
+        type: probabilistic
+        probabilistic: { sampling_percentage: 10 }
+```
+
+### Head vs. Tail — Side-by-Side
+
+|                               | Head Sampling                            | Tail Sampling                                    |
+| ----------------------------- | ---------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ |
+| **Decision point**            | Trace start (inside xrpld)               | Trace end (in OTel Collector)                    |
+| **Knows trace content?**      | No (random coin flip)                    | Yes (evaluates completed trace)                  |
+| **Overhead on xrpld**         | Lowest (dropped traces = no-op)          | Higher (must export 100% to Collector)           |
+| **Collector resource usage**  | Low (receives only sampled traces)       | Higher (buffers all traces before deciding)      |
+| **Captures all errors?**      | No (only if trace was randomly selected) | **Yes** (error policy catches them)              |
+| **Captures slow operations?** | No (random)                              | **Yes** (latency policy catches them)            |
+| **Configuration**             | `xrpld.cfg`: `sampling_ratio=0.1`        | `otel-collector.yaml`: `tail_sampling` processor |
+| **Best for**                  | High-throughput steady-state             | Troubleshooting & anomaly detection              |
+
+### Recommended Strategy for xrpld
+
+Use **both** in a layered approach:
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart LR
+    subgraph xrpld["xrpld (Head Sampling)"]
+        HS["sampling_ratio=1.0<br/>(export everything)"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph collector["OTel Collector (Tail Sampling)"]
+        TS["Keep: errors + slow + 10% random<br/>Drop: routine traces"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph storage["Backend Storage"]
+        ST["Only interesting traces<br/>stored long-term"]
+    end
+
+    xrpld -->|"100% of spans"| collector -->|"~15-20% kept"| storage
+
+    style xrpld fill:#424242,stroke:#212121,color:#fff
+    style collector fill:#1565c0,stroke:#0d47a1,color:#fff
+    style storage fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#fff
+```
+
+> **Why this works**: xrpld exports everything (no blind drops), the Collector applies intelligent filtering (keep errors/slow/anomalies, sample the rest), and only ~15-20% of traces reach storage. If Collector resource usage becomes a concern, add head sampling at `sampling_ratio=0.5` to halve the export volume while still giving the Collector enough data for good tail-sampling decisions.
+
+---
+
+## Slide 10: Data Collection & Privacy
+
+### What Data is Collected
+
+| Category        | Attributes Collected                                                                 | Purpose                     |
+| --------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | --------------------------- |
+| **Transaction** | `tx.hash`, `tx.type`, `tx.result`, `tx.fee`, `ledger_index`                          | Trace transaction lifecycle |
+| **Consensus**   | `round`, `phase`, `mode`, `proposers` (count of proposing validators), `duration_ms` | Analyze consensus timing    |
+| **RPC**         | `command`, `version`, `status`, `duration_ms`                                        | Monitor RPC performance     |
+| **Peer**        | `peer.id`(public key), `latency_ms`, `message.type`, `message.size`                  | Network topology analysis   |
+| **Ledger**      | `ledger.hash`, `ledger.index`, `close_time`, `tx_count`                              | Ledger progression tracking |
+| **Job**         | `job.type`, `queue_ms`, `worker`                                                     | JobQueue performance        |
+
+### What is NOT Collected (Privacy Guarantees)
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart LR
+    subgraph notCollected["❌ NOT Collected"]
+        direction LR
+        A["Private Keys"] ~~~ B["Account Balances"] ~~~ C["Transaction Amounts"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph alsoNot["❌ Also Excluded"]
+        direction LR
+        D["IP Addresses<br/>(configurable)"] ~~~ E["Personal Data"] ~~~ F["Raw TX Payloads"]
+    end
+
+    style A fill:#c62828,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style B fill:#c62828,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style C fill:#c62828,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style D fill:#c62828,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style E fill:#c62828,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style F fill:#c62828,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **NOT Collected (top row, red)**: Private Keys, Account Balances, and Transaction Amounts are explicitly excluded — these are financial/security-sensitive fields that telemetry never touches.
+- **Also Excluded (bottom row, red)**: IP Addresses (configurable per deployment), Personal Data, and Raw TX Payloads are also excluded — these protect operator and user privacy.
+- **All-red styling**: Every box is styled in red to visually reinforce that these are hard exclusions, not optional — the telemetry system has no code path to collect any of these fields.
+- **Two-row layout**: The split between "NOT Collected" and "Also Excluded" distinguishes between financial data (top) and operational/personal data (bottom), making the privacy boundaries clear to auditors.
+
+### Privacy Protection Mechanisms
+
+| Mechanism                  | Description                                                   |
+| -------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Account Hashing**        | `xrpl.tx.account` is hashed at collector level before storage |
+| **Configurable Redaction** | Sensitive fields can be excluded via config                   |
+| **Sampling**               | Only 10% of traces recorded by default (reduces exposure)     |
+| **Local Control**          | Node operators control what gets exported                     |
+| **No Raw Payloads**        | Transaction content is never recorded, only metadata          |
+
+> **Key Principle**: Telemetry collects **operational metadata** (timing, counts, hashes) — never **sensitive content** (keys, balances, amounts).
+
+---
+
+_End of Presentation_

README.md

@@ -8,11 +8,11 @@ The [XRP Ledger](https://xrpl.org/) is a decentralized cryptographic ledger powe
 
 [XRP](https://xrpl.org/xrp.html) is a public, counterparty-free crypto-asset native to the XRP Ledger, and is designed as a gas token for network services and to bridge different currencies. XRP is traded on the open-market and is available for anyone to access. The XRP Ledger was created in 2012 with a finite supply of 100 billion units of XRP.
 
-## rippled
+## xrpld
 
-The server software that powers the XRP Ledger is called `rippled` and is available in this repository under the permissive [ISC open-source license](LICENSE.md). The `rippled` server software is written primarily in C++ and runs on a variety of platforms. The `rippled` server software can run in several modes depending on its [configuration](https://xrpl.org/rippled-server-modes.html).
+The server software that powers the XRP Ledger is called `xrpld` and is available in this repository under the permissive [ISC open-source license](LICENSE.md). The `xrpld` server software is written primarily in C++ and runs on a variety of platforms. The `xrpld` server software can run in several modes depending on its [configuration](https://xrpl.org/rippled-server-modes.html).
 
-If you are interested in running an **API Server** (including a **Full History Server**), take a look at [Clio](https://github.com/XRPLF/clio). (rippled Reporting Mode has been replaced by Clio.)
+If you are interested in running an **API Server** (including a **Full History Server**), take a look at [Clio](https://github.com/XRPLF/clio). (xrpld Reporting Mode has been replaced by Clio.)
 
 ### Build from Source
 
@@ -41,19 +41,19 @@ If you are interested in running an **API Server** (including a **Full History S
 
 Here are some good places to start learning the source code:
 
-- Read the markdown files in the source tree: `src/ripple/**/*.md`.
+- Read the markdown files in the source tree: `src/xrpld/**/*.md`.
 - Read [the levelization document](.github/scripts/levelization) to get an idea of the internal dependency graph.
 - In the big picture, the `main` function constructs an `ApplicationImp` object, which implements the `Application` virtual interface. Almost every component in the application takes an `Application&` parameter in its constructor, typically named `app` and stored as a member variable `app_`. This allows most components to depend on any other component.
 
 ### Repository Contents
 
-| Folder     | Contents                                         |
-| :--------- | :----------------------------------------------- |
-| `./bin`    | Scripts and data files for Ripple integrators.   |
-| `./Builds` | Platform-specific guides for building `rippled`. |
-| `./docs`   | Source documentation files and doxygen config.   |
-| `./cfg`    | Example configuration files.                     |
-| `./src`    | Source code.                                     |
+| Folder     | Contents                                       |
+| :--------- | :--------------------------------------------- |
+| `./bin`    | Scripts and data files for XRPL developers.    |
+| `./Builds` | Platform-specific guides for building `xrpld`. |
+| `./docs`   | Source documentation files and doxygen config. |
+| `./cfg`    | Example configuration files.                   |
+| `./src`    | Source code.                                   |
 
 Some of the directories under `src` are external repositories included using
 git-subtree. See those directories' README files for more details.

SECURITY.md

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ For more details on operating an XRP Ledger server securely, please visit https:
 
 ## Supported Versions
 
-Software constantly evolves. In order to focus resources, we only generally only accept vulnerability reports that affect recent and current versions of the software. We always accept reports for issues present in the **master**, **release** or **develop** branches, and with proposed, [open pull requests](https://github.com/ripple/rippled/pulls).
+Software constantly evolves. In order to focus resources, we generally only accept vulnerability reports that affect recent and current versions of the software. We always accept reports for issues present in the **master**, **release** or **develop** branches, and with proposed, [open pull requests](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pulls).
 
 ## Identifying and Reporting Vulnerabilities
 
@@ -22,117 +22,10 @@ Responsible investigation includes, but isn't limited to, the following:
 - Not targeting physical security measures, or attempting to use social engineering, spam, distributed denial of service (DDOS) attacks, etc.
 - Investigating bugs in a way that makes a reasonable, good faith effort not to be disruptive or harmful to the XRP Ledger and the broader ecosystem.
 
-### Responsible Disclosure
-
-If you discover a vulnerability or potential threat, or if you _think_
-you have, please reach out by dropping an email using the contact
-information below.
-
-Your report should include the following:
-
-- Your contact information (typically, an email address);
-- The description of the vulnerability;
-- The attack scenario (if any);
-- The steps to reproduce the vulnerability;
-- Any other relevant details or artifacts, including code, scripts or patches.
-
-In your email, please describe the issue or potential threat. If possible, include a "repro" (code that can reproduce the issue) or describe the best way to reproduce and replicate the issue. Please make your report as detailed and comprehensive as possible.
-
-For more information on responsible disclosure, please read this [Wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responsible_disclosure).
-
-## Report Handling Process
-
-Please report the bug directly to us and limit further disclosure. If you want to prove that you knew the bug as of a given time, consider using a cryptographic pre-commitment: hash the content of your report and publish the hash on a medium of your choice (e.g. on Twitter or as a memo in a transaction) as "proof" that you had written the text at a given point in time.
-
-Once we receive a report, we:
-
-1. Assign two people to independently evaluate the report;
-2. Consider their recommendations;
-3. If action is necessary, formulate a plan to address the issue;
-4. Communicate privately with the reporter to explain our plan.
-5. Prepare, test and release a version which fixes the issue; and
-6. Announce the vulnerability publicly.
-
-We will triage and respond to your disclosure within 24 hours. Beyond that, we will work to analyze the issue in more detail, formulate, develop and test a fix.
-
-While we commit to responding with 24 hours of your initial report with our triage assessment, we cannot guarantee a response time for the remaining steps. We will communicate with you throughout this process, letting you know where we are and keeping you updated on the timeframe.
-
 ## Bug Bounty Program
 
-[Ripple](https://ripple.com) is generously sponsoring a bug bounty program for vulnerabilities in [`rippled`](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled) (and other related projects, like [`xrpl.js`](https://github.com/XRPLF/xrpl.js), [`xrpl-py`](https://github.com/XRPLF/xrpl-py), [`xrpl4j`](https://github.com/XRPLF/xrpl4j)).
+[Ripple](https://ripple.com) is generously sponsoring a bug bounty program for vulnerabilities in [`xrpld`](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled) (and other related projects, like [`Clio`](https://github.com/XRPLF/clio), [`xrpl.js`](https://github.com/XRPLF/xrpl.js), [`xrpl-py`](https://github.com/XRPLF/xrpl-py), [`xrpl4j`](https://github.com/XRPLF/xrpl4j)).
 
-This program allows us to recognize and reward individuals or groups that identify and report bugs. In summary, in order to qualify for a bounty, the bug must be:
+This program allows us to recognize and reward individuals or groups that identify and report bugs.
 
-1. **In scope**. Only bugs in software under the scope of the program qualify. Currently, that means `rippled`, `xrpl.js`, `xrpl-py`, `xrpl4j`.
-2. **Relevant**. A security issue, posing a danger to user funds, privacy, or the operation of the XRP Ledger.
-3. **Original and previously unknown**. Bugs that are already known and discussed in public do not qualify. Previously reported bugs, even if publicly unknown, are not eligible.
-4. **Specific**. We welcome general security advice or recommendations, but we cannot pay bounties for that.
-5. **Fixable**. There has to be something we can do to permanently fix the problem. Note that bugs in other people’s software may still qualify in some cases. For example, if you find a bug in a library that we use which can compromise the security of software that is in scope and we can get it fixed, you may qualify for a bounty.
-6. **Unused**. If you use the exploit to attack the XRP Ledger, you do not qualify for a bounty. If you report a vulnerability used in an ongoing or past attack and there is specific, concrete evidence that suggests you are the attacker we reserve the right not to pay a bounty.
-
-The amount paid varies dramatically. Vulnerabilities that are harmless on their own, but could form part of a critical exploit will usually receive a bounty. Full-blown exploits can receive much higher bounties. Please don’t hold back partial vulnerabilities while trying to construct a full-blown exploit. We will pay a bounty to anyone who reports a complete chain of vulnerabilities even if they have reported each component of the exploit separately and those vulnerabilities have been fixed in the meantime. However, to qualify for a the full bounty, you must to have been the first to report each of the partial exploits.
-
-### Contacting Us
-
-To report a qualifying bug, please send a detailed report to:
-
-| Email Address | bugs@ripple.com                                     |
-| :-----------: | :-------------------------------------------------- |
-| Short Key ID  | `0xA9F514E0`                                        |
-|  Long Key ID  | `0xD900855AA9F514E0`                                |
-|  Fingerprint  | `B72C 0654 2F2A E250 2763 A268 D900 855A A9F5 14E0` |
-
-The full PGP key for this address, which is also available on several key servers (e.g. on [keyserver.ubuntu.com](https://keyserver.ubuntu.com)), is:
-
-```
------BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----
-mQINBGkSZAQBEACprU199OhgdsOsygNjiQV4msuN3vDOUooehL+NwfsGfW79Tbqq
-Q2u7uQ3NZjW+M2T4nsDwuhkr7pe7xSReR5W8ssaczvtUyxkvbMClilcgZ2OSCAuC
-N9tzJsqOqkwBvXoNXkn//T2jnPz0ZU2wSF+NrEibq5FeuyGdoX3yXXBxq9pW9HzK
-HkQll63QSl6BzVSGRQq+B6lGgaZGLwf3mzmIND9Z5VGLNK2jKynyz9z091whNG/M
-kV+E7/r/bujHk7WIVId07G5/COTXmSr7kFnNEkd2Umw42dkgfiNKvlmJ9M7c1wLK
-KbL9Eb4ADuW6rRc5k4s1e6GT8R4/VPliWbCl9SE32hXH8uTkqVIFZP2eyM5WRRHs
-aKzitkQG9UK9gcb0kdgUkxOvvgPHAe5IuZlcHFzU4y0dBbU1VEFWVpiLU0q+IuNw
-5BRemeHc59YNsngkmAZ+/9zouoShRusZmC8Wzotv75C2qVBcjijPvmjWAUz0Zunm
-Lsr+O71vqHE73pERjD07wuD/ISjiYRYYE/bVrXtXLZijC7qAH4RE3nID+2ojcZyO
-/2jMQvt7un56RsGH4UBHi3aBHi9bUoDGCXKiQY981cEuNaOxpou7Mh3x/ONzzSvk
-sTV6nl1LOZHykN1JyKwaNbTSAiuyoN+7lOBqbV04DNYAHL88PrT21P83aQARAQAB
-tB1SaXBwbGUgTGFicyA8YnVnc0ByaXBwbGUuY29tPokCTgQTAQgAOBYhBLcsBlQv
-KuJQJ2OiaNkAhVqp9RTgBQJpEmQEAhsDBQsJCAcCBhUKCQgLAgQWAgMBAh4BAheA
-AAoJENkAhVqp9RTgBzgP/i7y+aDWl1maig1XMdyb+o0UGusumFSW4Hmj278wlKVv
-usgLPihYgHE0PKrv6WRyKOMC1tQEcYYN93M+OeQ1vFhS2YyURq6RCMmh4zq/awXG
-uZbG36OURB5NH8lGBOHiN/7O+nY0CgenBT2JWm+GW3nEOAVOVm4+r5GlpPlv+Dp1
-NPBThcKXFMnH73++NpSQoDzTfRYHPxhDAX3jkLi/moXfSanOLlR6l94XNNN0jBHW
-Quao0rzf4WSXq9g6AS224xhAA5JyIcFl8TX7hzj5HaFn3VWo3COoDu4U7H+BM0fl
-85yqiMQypp7EhN2gxpMMWaHY5TFM85U/bFXFYfEgihZ4/gt4uoIzsNI9jlX7mYvG
-KFdDij+oTlRsuOxdIy60B3dKcwOH9nZZCz0SPsN/zlRWgKzK4gDKdGhFkU9OlvPu
-94ZqscanoiWKDoZkF96+sjgfjkuHsDK7Lwc1Xi+T4drHG/3aVpkYabXox+lrKB/S
-yxZjeqOIQzWPhnLgCaLyvsKo5hxKzL0w3eURu8F3IS7RgOOlljv4M+Me9sEVcdNV
-aN3/tQwbaomSX1X5D5YXqhBwC3rU3wXwamsscRTGEpkV+JCX6KUqGP7nWmxCpAly
-FL05XuOd5SVHJjXLeuje0JqLUpN514uL+bThWwDbDTdAdwW3oK/2WbXz7IfJRLBj
-uQINBGkSZAQBEADdI3SL2F72qkrgFqXWE6HSRBu9bsAvTE5QrRPWk7ux6at537r4
-S4sIw2dOwLvbyIrDgKNq3LQ5wCK88NO/NeCOFm4AiCJSl3pJHXYnTDoUxTrrxx+o
-vSRI4I3fHEql/MqzgiAb0YUezjgFdh3vYheMPp/309PFbOLhiFqEcx80Mx5h06UH
-gDzu1qNj3Ec+31NLic5zwkrAkvFvD54d6bqYR3SEgMau6aYEewpGHbWBi2pLqSi2
-lQcAeOFixqGpTwDmAnYR8YtjBYepy0MojEAdTHcQQlOYSDk4q4elG+io2N8vECfU
-rD6ORecN48GXdZINYWTAdslrUeanmBdgQrYkSpce8TSghgT9P01SNaXxmyaehVUO
-lqI4pcg5G2oojAE8ncNS3TwDtt7daTaTC3bAdr4PXDVAzNAiewjMNZPB7xidkDGQ
-Y4W1LxTMXyJVWxehYOH7tsbBRKninlfRnLgYzmtIbNRAAvNcsxU6ihv3AV0WFknN
-YbSzotEv1Xq/5wk309x8zCDe+sP0cQicvbXafXmUzPAZzeqFg+VLFn7F9MP1WGlW
-B1u7VIvBF1Mp9Nd3EAGBAoLRdRu+0dVWIjPTQuPIuD9cCatJA0wVaKUrjYbBMl88
-a12LixNVGeSFS9N7ADHx0/o7GNT6l88YbaLP6zggUHpUD/bR+cDN7vllIQARAQAB
-iQI2BBgBCAAgFiEEtywGVC8q4lAnY6Jo2QCFWqn1FOAFAmkSZAQCGwwACgkQ2QCF
-Wqn1FOAfAA/8CYq4p0p4bobY20CKEMsZrkBTFJyPDqzFwMeTjgpzqbD7Y3Qq5QCK
-OBbvY02GWdiIsNOzKdBxiuam2xYP9WHZj4y7/uWEvT0qlPVmDFu+HXjoJ43oxwFd
-CUp2gMuQ4cSL3X94VRJ3BkVL+tgBm8CNY0vnTLLOO3kum/R69VsGJS1JSGUWjNM+
-4qwS3mz+73xJu1HmERyN2RZF/DGIZI2PyONQQ6aH85G1Dd2ohu2/DBAkQAMBrPbj
-FrbDaBLyFhODxU3kTWqnfLlaElSm2EGdIU2yx7n4BggEa//NZRMm5kyeo4vzhtlQ
-YIVUMLAOLZvnEqDnsLKp+22FzNR/O+htBQC4lPywl53oYSALdhz1IQlcAC1ru5KR
-XPzhIXV6IIzkcx9xNkEclZxmsuy5ERXyKEmLbIHAlzFmnrldlt2ZgXDtzaorLmxj
-klKibxd5tF50qOpOivz+oPtFo7n+HmFa1nlVAMxlDCUdM0pEVeYDKI5zfVwalyhZ
-NnjpakdZSXMwgc7NP/hH9buF35hKDp7EckT2y3JNYwHsDdy1icXN2q40XZw5tSIn
-zkPWdu3OUY8PISohN6Pw4h0RH4ZmoX97E8sEfmdKaT58U4Hf2aAv5r9IWCSrAVqY
-u5jvac29CzQR9Kal0A+8phHAXHNFD83SwzIC0syaT9ficAguwGH8X6Q=
-=nGuD
------END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----
-```
+We have partnered with Bugcrowd to manage this program. It is a private program, and security researchers can participate based on invitation. If you need access to the program, please email bugs@ripple.com with your Bugcrowd handle or Bugcrowd registered email, and we will get you added to the program. Once you have been added, please submit vulnerability reports through Bugcrowd, not by email. The detailed bug bounty policy is available on the Bugcrowd website.

bin/git/setup-upstreams.sh

@@ -1,14 +1,13 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 
-if [[ $# -ne 1 || "$1" == "--help" || "$1" == "-h" ]]
-then
-  name=$( basename $0 )
-  cat <<- USAGE
-  Usage: $name <username>
+if [[ $# -ne 1 || "$1" == "--help" || "$1" == "-h" ]]; then
+    name=$( basename $0 )
+    cat <<- USAGE
+    Usage: $name <username>
 
-  Where <username> is the Github username of the upstream repo. e.g. XRPLF
+    Where <username> is the Github username of the upstream repo. e.g. XRPLF
 USAGE
-  exit 0
+    exit 0
 fi
 
 # Create upstream remotes based on origin
@@ -16,10 +15,9 @@ shift
 user="$1"
 # Get the origin URL. Expect it be an SSH-style URL
 origin=$( git remote get-url origin )
-if [[ "${origin}" == "" ]]
-then
-  echo Invalid origin remote >&2
-  exit 1
+if [[ "${origin}" == "" ]]; then
+    echo Invalid origin remote >&2
+    exit 1
 fi
 # echo "Origin: ${origin}"
 # Parse the origin
@@ -30,11 +28,9 @@ IFS='@' read sshuser server <<< "${remote}"
 # echo "SSHUser: ${sshuser}, Server: ${server}"
 IFS='/' read originuser repo <<< "${originpath}"
 # echo "Originuser: ${originuser}, Repo: ${repo}"
-if [[ "${sshuser}" == "" || "${server}" == "" || "${originuser}" == ""
-  || "${repo}" == "" ]]
-then
-  echo "Can't parse origin URL: ${origin}" >&2
-  exit 1
+if [[ "${sshuser}" == "" || "${server}" == "" || "${originuser}" == "" || "${repo}" == "" ]]; then
+    echo "Can't parse origin URL: ${origin}" >&2
+    exit 1
 fi
 upstream="https://${server}/${user}/${repo}"
 upstreampush="${remote}:${user}/${repo}"
@@ -42,42 +38,34 @@ upstreamgroup="upstream upstream-push"
 current=$( git remote get-url upstream 2>/dev/null )
 currentpush=$( git remote get-url upstream-push 2>/dev/null )
 currentgroup=$( git config remotes.upstreams )
-if [[ "${current}" == "${upstream}" ]]
-then
-  echo "Upstream already set up correctly. Skip"
-elif [[ -n "${current}" && "${current}" != "${upstream}" &&
-  "${current}" != "${upstreampush}" ]]
-then
-  echo "Upstream already set up as: ${current}. Skip"
+if [[ "${current}" == "${upstream}" ]]; then
+    echo "Upstream already set up correctly. Skip"
+elif [[ -n "${current}" && "${current}" != "${upstream}" && "${current}" != "${upstreampush}" ]]; then
+    echo "Upstream already set up as: ${current}. Skip"
 else
-  if [[ "${current}" == "${upstreampush}" ]]
-  then
-    echo "Upstream set to dangerous push URL. Update."
-    _run git remote rename upstream upstream-push || \
-    _run git remote remove upstream
-    currentpush=$( git remote get-url upstream-push 2>/dev/null )
-  fi
-  _run git remote add upstream "${upstream}"
+    if [[ "${current}" == "${upstreampush}" ]]; then
+        echo "Upstream set to dangerous push URL. Update."
+        _run git remote rename upstream upstream-push || \
+        _run git remote remove upstream
+        currentpush=$( git remote get-url upstream-push 2>/dev/null )
+    fi
+    _run git remote add upstream "${upstream}"
 fi
 
-if [[ "${currentpush}" == "${upstreampush}" ]]
-then
-  echo "upstream-push already set up correctly. Skip"
-elif [[ -n "${currentpush}" && "${currentpush}" != "${upstreampush}" ]]
-then
-  echo "upstream-push already set up as: ${currentpush}. Skip"
+if [[ "${currentpush}" == "${upstreampush}" ]]; then
+    echo "upstream-push already set up correctly. Skip"
+elif [[ -n "${currentpush}" && "${currentpush}" != "${upstreampush}" ]]; then
+    echo "upstream-push already set up as: ${currentpush}. Skip"
 else
-  _run git remote add upstream-push "${upstreampush}"
+    _run git remote add upstream-push "${upstreampush}"
 fi
 
-if [[ "${currentgroup}" == "${upstreamgroup}" ]]
-then
-  echo "Upstreams group already set up correctly. Skip"
-elif [[ -n "${currentgroup}" && "${currentgroup}" != "${upstreamgroup}" ]]
-then
-  echo "Upstreams group already set up as: ${currentgroup}. Skip"
+if [[ "${currentgroup}" == "${upstreamgroup}" ]]; then
+    echo "Upstreams group already set up correctly. Skip"
+elif [[ -n "${currentgroup}" && "${currentgroup}" != "${upstreamgroup}" ]]; then
+    echo "Upstreams group already set up as: ${currentgroup}. Skip"
 else
-  _run git config --add remotes.upstreams "${upstreamgroup}"
+    _run git config --add remotes.upstreams "${upstreamgroup}"
 fi
 
 _run git fetch --jobs=$(nproc) upstreams

bin/git/squash-branches.sh

@@ -1,17 +1,16 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 
-if [[ $# -lt 3 || "$1" == "--help" || "$1" = "-h" ]]
-then
-  name=$( basename $0 )
-  cat <<- USAGE
-  Usage: $name workbranch base/branch user/branch [user/branch [...]]
+if [[ $# -lt 3 || "$1" == "--help" || "$1" = "-h" ]]; then
+    name=$( basename $0 )
+    cat <<- USAGE
+    Usage: $name workbranch base/branch user/branch [user/branch [...]]
 
-  * workbranch will be created locally from base/branch
-  * base/branch and user/branch may be specified as user:branch to allow
-    easy copying from Github PRs
-  * Remotes for each user must already be set up
+    * workbranch will be created locally from base/branch
+    * base/branch and user/branch may be specified as user:branch to allow
+        easy copying from Github PRs
+    * Remotes for each user must already be set up
 USAGE
-exit 0
+    exit 0
 fi
 
 work="$1"
@@ -24,9 +23,8 @@ unset branches[0]
 set -e
 
 users=()
-for b in "${branches[@]}"
-do
-  users+=( $( echo $b | cut -d/ -f1 ) )
+for b in "${branches[@]}"; do
+    users+=( $( echo $b | cut -d/ -f1 ) )
 done
 
 users=( $( printf '%s\n' "${users[@]}" | sort -u ) )
@@ -34,10 +32,9 @@ users=( $( printf '%s\n' "${users[@]}" | sort -u ) )
 git fetch --multiple upstreams "${users[@]}"
 git checkout -B "$work" --no-track "$base"
 
-for b in "${branches[@]}"
-do
-  git merge --squash "${b}"
-  git commit -S # Use the commit message provided on the PR
+for b in "${branches[@]}"; do
+    git merge --squash "${b}"
+    git commit -S # Use the commit message provided on the PR
 done
 
 # Make sure the commits look right
@@ -47,13 +44,11 @@ parts=( $( echo $base | sed "s/\// /" ) )
 repo="${parts[0]}"
 b="${parts[1]}"
 push=$repo
-if [[ "$push" == "upstream" ]]
-then
-  push="upstream-push"
+if [[ "$push" == "upstream" ]]; then
+    push="upstream-push"
 fi
-if [[ "$repo" == "upstream" ]]
-then
-  repo="upstreams"
+if [[ "$repo" == "upstream" ]]; then
+    repo="upstreams"
 fi
 cat << PUSH
 

bin/git/update-version.sh

@@ -1,17 +1,16 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 
-if [[ $# -ne 3 || "$1" == "--help" || "$1" = "-h" ]]
-then
-  name=$( basename $0 )
-  cat <<- USAGE
-  Usage: $name workbranch base/branch version
+if [[ $# -ne 3 || "$1" == "--help" || "$1" = "-h" ]]; then
+    name=$( basename $0 )
+    cat <<- USAGE
+    Usage: $name workbranch base/branch version
 
-  * workbranch will be created locally from base/branch. If it exists,
-    it will be reused, so make sure you don't overwrite any work.
-  * base/branch may be specified as user:branch to allow easy copying
-    from Github PRs.
+    * workbranch will be created locally from base/branch. If it exists,
+        it will be reused, so make sure you don't overwrite any work.
+    * base/branch may be specified as user:branch to allow easy copying
+        from Github PRs.
 USAGE
-exit 0
+    exit 0
 fi
 
 work="$1"
@@ -30,10 +29,9 @@ git fetch upstreams
 git checkout -B "${work}" --no-track "${base}"
 
 push=$( git rev-parse --abbrev-ref --symbolic-full-name '@{push}' \
-              2>/dev/null ) || true
-if [[ "${push}" != "" ]]
-then
-  echo "Warning: ${push} may already exist."
+    2>/dev/null ) || true
+if [[ "${push}" != "" ]]; then
+    echo "Warning: ${push} may already exist."
 fi
 
 build=$( find -name BuildInfo.cpp )

bin/pre-commit/clang_tidy_check.py

@@ -0,0 +1,206 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""Pre-commit hook that runs clang-tidy on changed files using run-clang-tidy."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+import os
+import re
+import shutil
+import subprocess
+import sys
+from collections import defaultdict
+from pathlib import Path
+
+HEADER_EXTENSIONS = {".h", ".hpp", ".ipp"}
+SOURCE_EXTENSIONS = {".cpp"}
+INCLUDE_RE = re.compile(r"^\s*#\s*include\s*[<\"]([^>\"]+)[>\"]")
+
+
+def find_run_clang_tidy() -> str | None:
+    for candidate in ("run-clang-tidy-21", "run-clang-tidy"):
+        if path := shutil.which(candidate):
+            return path
+    return None
+
+
+def find_build_dir(repo_root: Path) -> Path | None:
+    for name in (".build", "build"):
+        candidate = repo_root / name
+        if (candidate / "compile_commands.json").exists():
+            return candidate
+    return None
+
+
+def build_include_graph(build_dir: Path, repo_root: Path) -> tuple[dict, set]:
+    """
+    Scan all files reachable from compile_commands.json and build an inverted include graph.
+
+    Returns:
+        inverted: header_path -> set of files that include it
+        source_files: set of all TU paths from compile_commands.json
+    """
+    with open(build_dir / "compile_commands.json") as f:
+        db = json.load(f)
+
+    source_files = {Path(e["file"]).resolve() for e in db}
+    include_roots = [repo_root / "include", repo_root / "src"]
+    inverted: dict[Path, set[Path]] = defaultdict(set)
+
+    to_scan: set[Path] = set(source_files)
+    scanned: set[Path] = set()
+
+    while to_scan:
+        file = to_scan.pop()
+        if file in scanned or not file.exists():
+            continue
+        scanned.add(file)
+
+        content = file.read_text()
+
+        for line in content.splitlines():
+            m = INCLUDE_RE.match(line)
+            if not m:
+                continue
+            for root in include_roots:
+                candidate = (root / m.group(1)).resolve()
+                if candidate.exists():
+                    inverted[candidate].add(file)
+                    if candidate not in scanned:
+                        to_scan.add(candidate)
+                    break
+
+    return inverted, source_files
+
+
+def find_tus_for_headers(
+    headers: list[Path],
+    inverted: dict[Path, set[Path]],
+    source_files: set[Path],
+) -> set[Path]:
+    """
+    For each header, pick one TU that transitively includes it.
+    Prefers a TU whose stem matches the header's stem, otherwise picks the first found.
+    """
+    result: set[Path] = set()
+
+    for header in headers:
+        preferred: Path | None = None
+        visited: set[Path] = {header}
+        stack: list[Path] = [header]
+
+        while stack:
+            h = stack.pop()
+            for inc in inverted.get(h, ()):
+                if inc in source_files:
+                    if inc.stem == header.stem:
+                        preferred = inc
+                        break
+                    if preferred is None:
+                        preferred = inc
+                if inc not in visited:
+                    visited.add(inc)
+                    stack.append(inc)
+            if preferred is not None and preferred.stem == header.stem:
+                break
+
+        if preferred is not None:
+            result.add(preferred)
+
+    return result
+
+
+def resolve_files(
+    input_files: list[str], build_dir: Path, repo_root: Path
+) -> list[str]:
+    """
+    Split input into source files and headers. Source files are passed through;
+    headers are resolved to the TUs that transitively include them.
+    """
+    sources: list[Path] = []
+    headers: list[Path] = []
+
+    for f in input_files:
+        p = Path(f).resolve()
+        if p.suffix in SOURCE_EXTENSIONS:
+            sources.append(p)
+        elif p.suffix in HEADER_EXTENSIONS:
+            headers.append(p)
+
+    if not headers:
+        return [str(p) for p in sources]
+
+    print(
+        f"Resolving {len(headers)} header(s) to compilation units...", file=sys.stderr
+    )
+    inverted, source_files = build_include_graph(build_dir, repo_root)
+    tus = find_tus_for_headers(headers, inverted, source_files)
+
+    if not tus:
+        print(
+            "Warning: no compilation units found that include the modified headers; "
+            "skipping clang-tidy for headers.",
+            file=sys.stderr,
+        )
+
+    return sorted({str(p) for p in (*sources, *tus)})
+
+
+def staged_files(repo_root: Path) -> list[str]:
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        ["git", "diff", "--staged", "--name-only", "--diff-filter=d"],
+        capture_output=True,
+        text=True,
+        cwd=repo_root,
+    )
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        print(
+            "clang-tidy check failed: 'git diff --staged' command failed.",
+            file=sys.stderr,
+        )
+        if result.stderr:
+            print(result.stderr, file=sys.stderr)
+        sys.exit(result.returncode or 1)
+    return [str(repo_root / p) for p in result.stdout.splitlines() if p]
+
+
+def main():
+    if not os.environ.get("TIDY"):
+        return 0
+
+    repo_root = Path(__file__).parent.parent
+    files = staged_files(repo_root)
+    if not files:
+        return 0
+
+    run_clang_tidy = find_run_clang_tidy()
+    if not run_clang_tidy:
+        print(
+            "clang-tidy check failed: TIDY is enabled but neither "
+            "'run-clang-tidy-21' nor 'run-clang-tidy' was found in PATH.",
+            file=sys.stderr,
+        )
+        return 1
+
+    build_dir = find_build_dir(repo_root)
+    if not build_dir:
+        print(
+            "clang-tidy check failed: no build directory with compile_commands.json found "
+            "(looked for .build/ and build/)",
+            file=sys.stderr,
+        )
+        return 1
+
+    tidy_files = resolve_files(files, build_dir, repo_root)
+    if not tidy_files:
+        return 0
+
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        [run_clang_tidy, "-quiet", "-p", str(build_dir), "-fix", "-allow-no-checks"]
+        + tidy_files
+    )
+    return result.returncode
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    sys.exit(main())

bin/pre-commit/fix_include_style.py

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+
+"""
+Converts quoted includes (#include "...") to angle-bracket includes
+(#include <...>), which is the required style in this project.
+
+Usage: ./bin/pre-commit/fix_include_style.py <file1> <file2> ...
+"""
+
+import re
+import sys
+from pathlib import Path
+
+PATTERN = re.compile(r'^(\s*#include\s*)"([^"]+)"', re.MULTILINE)
+
+
+def fix_includes(path: Path) -> bool:
+    original = path.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
+    fixed = PATTERN.sub(r"\1<\2>", original)
+    if fixed != original:
+        path.write_text(fixed, encoding="utf-8")
+        return False
+    return True
+
+
+def main() -> int:
+    files = [Path(f) for f in sys.argv[1:]]
+    success = True
+
+    for path in files:
+        success &= fix_includes(path)
+
+    return 0 if success else 1
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    sys.exit(main())

cfg/validators-example.txt

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
 #    https://vl.ripple.com
 #    https://unl.xrplf.org
 #    http://127.0.0.1:8000
-#    file:///etc/opt/ripple/vl.txt
+#    file:///etc/opt/xrpld/vl.txt
 #
 # [validator_list_keys]
 #
@@ -43,11 +43,11 @@
 #    ED307A760EE34F2D0CAA103377B1969117C38B8AA0AA1E2A24DAC1F32FC97087ED
 #
 
-# The default validator list publishers that the rippled instance
+# The default validator list publishers that the xrpld instance
 # trusts.
 #
-# WARNING: Changing these values can cause your rippled instance to see a
-#          validated ledger that contradicts other rippled instances'
+# WARNING: Changing these values can cause your xrpld instance to see a
+#          validated ledger that contradicts other xrpld instances'
 #          validated ledgers (aka a ledger fork) if your validator list(s)
 #          do not sufficiently overlap with the list(s) used by others.
 #          See: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1802.07242.pdf

cfg/xrpld-example.cfg

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 #
 #   2. Peer Protocol
 #
-#   3. Ripple Protocol
+#   3. XRPL protocol
 #
 #   4. HTTPS Client
 #
@@ -383,7 +383,7 @@
 #
 #   These settings control security and access attributes of the Peer to Peer
 #   server section of the xrpld process. Peer Protocol implements the
-#   Ripple Payment protocol. It is over peer connections that transactions
+#   XRPL payment protocol. It is over peer connections that transactions
 #   and validations are passed from to machine to machine, to determine the
 #   contents of validated ledgers.
 #
@@ -406,7 +406,7 @@
 #
 # [ips]
 #
-#   List of hostnames or ips where the Ripple protocol is served.  A default
+#   List of hostnames or ips where the XRPL protocol is served.  A default
 #   starter list is included in the code and used if no other hostnames are
 #   available.
 #
@@ -435,7 +435,7 @@
 #   List of IP addresses or hostnames to which xrpld should always attempt to
 #   maintain peer connections with. This is useful for manually forming private
 #   networks, for example to configure a validation server that connects to the
-#   Ripple network through a public-facing server, or for building a set
+#   XRPL network through a public-facing server, or for building a set
 #   of cluster peers.
 #
 #   One address or domain names per line is allowed. A port must be specified
@@ -748,8 +748,8 @@
 #   the folder in which the xrpld.cfg file is located.
 #
 #   Examples:
-#    /home/ripple/validators.txt
-#    C:/home/ripple/validators.txt
+#    /home/username/validators.txt
+#    C:/home/username/validators.txt
 #
 #   Example content:
 #    [validators]
@@ -840,7 +840,7 @@
 #
 #   0: Disable the ledger replay feature [default]
 #   1: Enable the ledger replay feature. With this feature enabled, when
-#      acquiring a ledger from the network, a xrpld node only downloads
+#      acquiring a ledger from the network, an xrpld node only downloads
 #      the ledger header and the transactions instead of the whole ledger.
 #      And the ledger is built by applying the transactions to the parent
 #      ledger.
@@ -853,7 +853,7 @@
 #
 #   The xrpld server instance uses HTTPS GET requests in a variety of
 #   circumstances, including but not limited to contacting trusted domains to
-#   fetch information such as mapping an email address to a Ripple Payment
+#   fetch information such as mapping an email address to an XRPL payment
 #   Network address.
 #
 # [ssl_verify]
@@ -940,23 +940,7 @@
 #
 #       path                Location to store the database
 #
-#   Optional keys
-#
-#       cache_size          Size of cache for database records. Default is 16384.
-#                           Setting this value to 0 will use the default value.
-#
-#       cache_age           Length of time in minutes to keep database records
-#                           cached. Default is 5 minutes. Setting this value to
-#                           0 will use the default value.
-#
-#                           Note: if neither cache_size nor cache_age is
-#                           specified, the cache for database records will not
-#                           be created. If only one of cache_size or cache_age
-#                           is specified, the cache will be created using the
-#                           default value for the unspecified parameter.
-#
-#                           Note: the cache will not be created if online_delete
-#                           is specified.
+#   Optional keys for NuDB and RocksDB:
 #
 #       fast_load           Boolean. If set, load the last persisted ledger
 #                           from disk upon process start before syncing to
@@ -964,8 +948,6 @@
 #                           if sufficient IOPS capacity is available.
 #                           Default 0.
 #
-#   Optional keys for NuDB or RocksDB:
-#
 #       earliest_seq        The default is 32570 to match the XRP ledger
 #                           network's earliest allowed sequence. Alternate
 #                           networks may set this value. Minimum value of 1.
@@ -1245,7 +1227,7 @@
 #
 #----------
 #
-#   The vote settings configure settings for the entire Ripple network.
+#   The vote settings configure settings for the entire XRPL network.
 #   While a single instance of xrpld cannot unilaterally enforce network-wide
 #   settings, these choices become part of the instance's vote during the
 #   consensus process for each voting ledger.
@@ -1434,6 +1416,12 @@
 #       in this section to a comma-separated list of the addresses
 #       of your Clio servers, in order to bypass xrpld's rate limiting.
 #
+#       TLS/SSL can be enabled for gRPC by specifying ssl_cert and ssl_key.
+#       Both parameters must be provided together. The ssl_cert_chain parameter
+#       is optional and provides intermediate CA certificates for the certificate
+#       chain. The ssl_client_ca parameter is optional and enables mutual TLS
+#       (client certificate verification).
+#
 #   This port is commented out but can be enabled by removing
 #   the '#' from each corresponding line including the entry under [server]
 #
@@ -1483,11 +1471,74 @@ admin = 127.0.0.1
 protocol = ws
 send_queue_limit = 500
 
+# gRPC TLS/SSL Configuration
+#
+#   The gRPC port supports optional TLS/SSL encryption. When TLS is not
+#   configured, the gRPC server will accept unencrypted connections.
+#
+#   ssl_cert = <filename>
+#   ssl_key = <filename>
+#
+#       To enable TLS for gRPC, both ssl_cert and ssl_key must be specified.
+#       If only one is provided, xrpld will fail to start.
+#
+#       ssl_cert: Path to the server's SSL certificate file in PEM format.
+#       ssl_key:  Path to the server's SSL private key file in PEM format.
+#
+#       When configured, the gRPC server will only accept TLS-encrypted
+#       connections. Clients must use TLS (secure) channel credentials rather
+#       than plaintext / insecure connections.
+#
+#   ssl_cert_chain = <filename>
+#
+#       Optional. Path to intermediate CA certificate(s) in PEM format that
+#       complete the server's certificate chain.
+#
+#       This file should contain the intermediate CA certificate(s) needed
+#       to build a trust chain from the server certificate (ssl_cert) to a
+#       root CA that clients trust. Multiple certificates should be
+#       concatenated in PEM format.
+#
+#       This is needed when your server certificate was signed by an
+#       intermediate CA rather than directly by a root CA. Without this,
+#       clients may fail to verify your server certificate.
+#
+#       If not specified, only the server certificate from ssl_cert will be
+#       presented to clients.
+#
+#   ssl_client_ca = <filename>
+#
+#       Optional. Path to a CA certificate file in PEM format for verifying
+#       client certificates (mutual TLS / mTLS).
+#
+#       When specified, the gRPC server will verify client certificates
+#       against this CA. This enables mutual authentication where both the
+#       server and client verify each other's identity.
+#
+#       This is typically NOT needed for public-facing gRPC servers. Only
+#       use this if you want to restrict access to clients with valid
+#       certificates signed by the specified CA.
+#
+#       If not specified, the server will use one-way TLS (server
+#       authentication only) and will accept connections from any client.
+#
 [port_grpc]
 port = 50051
 ip = 127.0.0.1
 secure_gateway = 127.0.0.1
 
+# Optional TLS/SSL configuration for gRPC
+# To enable TLS, uncomment and configure both ssl_cert and ssl_key:
+#ssl_cert = /etc/ssl/certs/grpc-server.crt
+#ssl_key = /etc/ssl/private/grpc-server.key
+
+# Optional: Include intermediate CA certificates for complete certificate chain
+#ssl_cert_chain = /etc/ssl/certs/grpc-intermediate-ca.crt
+
+# Optional: Enable mutual TLS (client certificate verification)
+# Uncomment to require and verify client certificates:
+#ssl_client_ca = /etc/ssl/certs/grpc-client-ca.crt
+
 #[port_ws_public]
 #port = 6005
 #ip = 127.0.0.1
@@ -1547,3 +1598,97 @@ validators.txt
 # set to ssl_verify to 0.
 [ssl_verify]
 1
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#
+# 11. Telemetry (OpenTelemetry Tracing)
+#
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#
+# Enables distributed tracing via OpenTelemetry. Requires building with
+# -DXRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=ON (telemetry Conan option).
+#
+# [telemetry]
+#
+# enabled=0
+#
+#   Enable or disable telemetry at runtime. Default: 0 (disabled).
+#
+# service_name=xrpld
+#
+#   OTel resource attribute `service.name`. Default: xrpld.
+#   The node's network ID (from [network_id]) is automatically added
+#   as the `xrpl.network.id` and `xrpl.network.type` resource attributes.
+#
+# service_instance_id=<node_public_key>
+#
+#   OTel resource attribute `service.instance.id`. Uniquely identifies
+#   this node. Default: the node's public key (auto-detected).
+#
+# endpoint=http://localhost:4318/v1/traces
+#
+#   The OTLP/HTTP exporter endpoint. The server sends trace data as
+#   protobuf-encoded HTTP POST requests to this URL.
+#   Default: http://localhost:4318/v1/traces.
+#
+# --- TLS settings for the OTLP exporter connection ---
+#
+# use_tls=0
+#
+#   Enable TLS for the OTLP/HTTP exporter connection. Default: 0 (off).
+#
+# tls_ca_cert=
+#
+#   Path to a PEM-encoded CA certificate bundle for TLS verification.
+#   Only used when use_tls=1. Default: empty (system CA store).
+#
+# sampling_ratio=1.0
+#
+#   Head-based sampling ratio using TraceIdRatioBasedSampler. The decision
+#   to record or drop a trace is made at span creation time, before the
+#   span starts, based on the trace ID. Values in [0.0, 1.0].
+#   1.0 = trace everything, 0.1 = sample ~10% of traces. Default: 1.0.
+#   For tail-based (post-hoc) filtering — where you decide to drop a span
+#   after inspecting its content — use SpanGuard::discard() in code.
+#
+# trace_rpc=1
+#
+#   Enable tracing for JSON-RPC and WebSocket API request handling —
+#   command parsing, execution, and response serialization. Default: 1.
+#
+# trace_transactions=1
+#
+#   Enable tracing for the transaction lifecycle — submission, validation,
+#   application to ledgers, and final disposition. Default: 1.
+#
+# trace_consensus=1
+#
+#   Enable tracing for the consensus round lifecycle — proposals,
+#   validations, mode changes, and ledger acceptance. Default: 1.
+#
+# trace_peer=0
+#
+#   Enable tracing for peer-to-peer protocol messages — overlay message
+#   send/receive, peer handshakes, and routing. High volume; disabled
+#   by default. Default: 0.
+#
+# trace_ledger=1
+#
+#   Enable tracing for ledger close and accept operations — ledger
+#   building, state hashing, and write-back to the node store. Default: 1.
+#
+# --- Batch processor tuning ---
+#
+# batch_size=512
+#
+#   Maximum number of spans exported in a single batch. Default: 512.
+#
+# batch_delay_ms=5000
+#
+#   Maximum delay (milliseconds) before a partial batch is flushed.
+#   Default: 5000 (5 seconds).
+#
+# max_queue_size=2048
+#
+#   Maximum number of spans queued in memory before drops occur.
+#   Default: 2048.
+#

cmake/CMakeFuncs.cmake

@@ -1,30 +1,32 @@
-macro (exclude_from_default target_)
-  set_target_properties (${target_} PROPERTIES EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL ON)
-  set_target_properties (${target_} PROPERTIES EXCLUDE_FROM_DEFAULT_BUILD ON)
-endmacro ()
+macro(exclude_from_default target_)
+    set_target_properties(${target_} PROPERTIES EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL ON)
+    set_target_properties(${target_} PROPERTIES EXCLUDE_FROM_DEFAULT_BUILD ON)
+endmacro()
 
-macro (exclude_if_included target_)
-  get_directory_property(has_parent PARENT_DIRECTORY)
-  if (has_parent)
-    exclude_from_default (${target_})
-  endif ()
-endmacro ()
+macro(exclude_if_included target_)
+    get_directory_property(has_parent PARENT_DIRECTORY)
+    if(has_parent)
+        exclude_from_default(${target_})
+    endif()
+endmacro()
 
 find_package(Git)
 
-function (git_branch branch_val)
-  if (NOT GIT_FOUND)
-    return ()
-  endif ()
-  set (_branch "")
-  execute_process (COMMAND ${GIT_EXECUTABLE} "rev-parse" "--abbrev-ref" "HEAD"
-                   WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}
-                   RESULT_VARIABLE _git_exit_code
-                   OUTPUT_VARIABLE _temp_branch
-                   OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE
-                   ERROR_QUIET)
-  if (_git_exit_code EQUAL 0)
-    set (_branch ${_temp_branch})
-  endif ()
-  set (${branch_val} "${_branch}" PARENT_SCOPE)
-endfunction ()
+function(git_branch branch_val)
+    if(NOT GIT_FOUND)
+        return()
+    endif()
+    set(_branch "")
+    execute_process(
+        COMMAND ${GIT_EXECUTABLE} "rev-parse" "--abbrev-ref" "HEAD"
+        WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}
+        RESULT_VARIABLE _git_exit_code
+        OUTPUT_VARIABLE _temp_branch
+        OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE
+        ERROR_QUIET
+    )
+    if(_git_exit_code EQUAL 0)
+        set(_branch ${_temp_branch})
+    endif()
+    set(${branch_val} "${_branch}" PARENT_SCOPE)
+endfunction()

cmake/Ccache.cmake

@@ -1,57 +1,62 @@
 find_program(CCACHE_PATH "ccache")
-if (NOT CCACHE_PATH)
+if(NOT CCACHE_PATH)
     return()
-endif ()
+endif()
 
 # For Linux and macOS we can use the ccache binary directly.
-if (NOT MSVC)
+if(NOT MSVC)
     set(CMAKE_C_COMPILER_LAUNCHER "${CCACHE_PATH}")
     set(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_LAUNCHER "${CCACHE_PATH}")
     message(STATUS "Found ccache: ${CCACHE_PATH}")
     return()
-endif ()
+endif()
 
 # For Windows more effort is required. The code below is a modified version of
 # https://github.com/ccache/ccache/wiki/MS-Visual-Studio#usage-with-cmake.
-if ("${CCACHE_PATH}" MATCHES "chocolatey")
+if("${CCACHE_PATH}" MATCHES "chocolatey")
     message(DEBUG "Ccache path: ${CCACHE_PATH}")
-    # Chocolatey uses a shim executable that we cannot use directly, in which
-    # case we have to find the executable it points to. If we cannot find the
-    # target executable then we cannot use ccache.
+    # Chocolatey uses a shim executable that we cannot use directly, in which case we have to find the executable it
+    # points to. If we cannot find the target executable then we cannot use ccache.
     find_program(BASH_PATH "bash")
-    if (NOT BASH_PATH)
+    if(NOT BASH_PATH)
         message(WARNING "Could not find bash.")
         return()
-    endif ()
+    endif()
 
     execute_process(
-            COMMAND bash -c "export LC_ALL='en_US.UTF-8'; ${CCACHE_PATH} --shimgen-noop | grep -oP 'path to executable: \\K.+' | head -c -1"
-            OUTPUT_VARIABLE CCACHE_PATH)
+        COMMAND
+            bash -c
+            "export LC_ALL='en_US.UTF-8'; ${CCACHE_PATH} --shimgen-noop | grep -oP 'path to executable: \\K.+' | head -c -1"
+        OUTPUT_VARIABLE CCACHE_PATH
+    )
 
-    if (NOT CCACHE_PATH)
+    if(NOT CCACHE_PATH)
         message(WARNING "Could not find ccache target.")
         return()
-    endif ()
+    endif()
     file(TO_CMAKE_PATH "${CCACHE_PATH}" CCACHE_PATH)
-endif ()
+endif()
 message(STATUS "Found ccache: ${CCACHE_PATH}")
 
 # Tell cmake to use ccache for compiling with Visual Studio.
-file(COPY_FILE
-        ${CCACHE_PATH} ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/cl.exe
-        ONLY_IF_DIFFERENT)
+file(COPY_FILE ${CCACHE_PATH} ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/cl.exe ONLY_IF_DIFFERENT)
 set(CMAKE_VS_GLOBALS
-        "CLToolExe=cl.exe"
-        "CLToolPath=${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}"
-        "TrackFileAccess=false"
-        "UseMultiToolTask=true")
+    "CLToolExe=cl.exe"
+    "CLToolPath=${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}"
+    "TrackFileAccess=false"
+    "UseMultiToolTask=true"
+)
 
-# By default Visual Studio generators will use /Zi to capture debug information,
-# which is not compatible with ccache, so tell it to use /Z7 instead.
-if (MSVC)
-    foreach (var_
-        CMAKE_C_FLAGS_DEBUG CMAKE_C_FLAGS_RELEASE
-        CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELEASE)
-        string (REPLACE "/Zi" "/Z7" ${var_} "${${var_}}")
-    endforeach ()
-endif ()
+# By default Visual Studio generators will use /Zi to capture debug information, which is not compatible with ccache, so
+# tell it to use /Z7 instead.
+if(MSVC)
+    foreach(
+        var_
+        CMAKE_C_FLAGS_DEBUG
+        CMAKE_C_FLAGS_RELEASE
+        CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG
+        CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELEASE
+    )
+        string(REPLACE "/Zi" "/Z7" ${var_} "${${var_}}")
+    endforeach()
+endif()

cmake/CodeCoverage.cmake

@@ -172,44 +172,49 @@ include(CMakeParseArguments)
 option(CODE_COVERAGE_VERBOSE "Verbose information" FALSE)
 
 # Check prereqs
-find_program( GCOVR_PATH gcovr PATHS ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/scripts/test)
+find_program(GCOVR_PATH gcovr PATHS ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/scripts/test)
 
 if(DEFINED CODE_COVERAGE_GCOV_TOOL)
-  set(GCOV_TOOL "${CODE_COVERAGE_GCOV_TOOL}")
+    set(GCOV_TOOL "${CODE_COVERAGE_GCOV_TOOL}")
 elseif(DEFINED ENV{CODE_COVERAGE_GCOV_TOOL})
-  set(GCOV_TOOL "$ENV{CODE_COVERAGE_GCOV_TOOL}")
+    set(GCOV_TOOL "$ENV{CODE_COVERAGE_GCOV_TOOL}")
 elseif("${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" MATCHES "(Apple)?[Cc]lang")
-  if(APPLE)
-    execute_process( COMMAND xcrun -f llvm-cov
-      OUTPUT_VARIABLE LLVMCOV_PATH
-      OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE
-    )
-  else()
-    find_program( LLVMCOV_PATH llvm-cov )
-  endif()
-  if(LLVMCOV_PATH)
-    set(GCOV_TOOL "${LLVMCOV_PATH} gcov")
-  endif()
+    if(APPLE)
+        execute_process(
+            COMMAND xcrun -f llvm-cov
+            OUTPUT_VARIABLE LLVMCOV_PATH
+            OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE
+        )
+    else()
+        find_program(LLVMCOV_PATH llvm-cov)
+    endif()
+    if(LLVMCOV_PATH)
+        set(GCOV_TOOL "${LLVMCOV_PATH} gcov")
+    endif()
 elseif("${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}" MATCHES "GNU")
-  find_program( GCOV_PATH gcov )
-  set(GCOV_TOOL "${GCOV_PATH}")
+    find_program(GCOV_PATH gcov)
+    set(GCOV_TOOL "${GCOV_PATH}")
 endif()
 
 # Check supported compiler (Clang, GNU and Flang)
 get_property(LANGUAGES GLOBAL PROPERTY ENABLED_LANGUAGES)
 foreach(LANG ${LANGUAGES})
-  if("${CMAKE_${LANG}_COMPILER_ID}" MATCHES "(Apple)?[Cc]lang")
-    if("${CMAKE_${LANG}_COMPILER_VERSION}" VERSION_LESS 3)
-      message(FATAL_ERROR "Clang version must be 3.0.0 or greater! Aborting...")
+    if("${CMAKE_${LANG}_COMPILER_ID}" MATCHES "(Apple)?[Cc]lang")
+        if("${CMAKE_${LANG}_COMPILER_VERSION}" VERSION_LESS 3)
+            message(
+                FATAL_ERROR
+                "Clang version must be 3.0.0 or greater! Aborting..."
+            )
+        endif()
+    elseif(
+        NOT "${CMAKE_${LANG}_COMPILER_ID}" MATCHES "GNU"
+        AND NOT "${CMAKE_${LANG}_COMPILER_ID}" MATCHES "(LLVM)?[Ff]lang"
+    )
+        message(FATAL_ERROR "Compiler is not GNU or Flang! Aborting...")
     endif()
-  elseif(NOT "${CMAKE_${LANG}_COMPILER_ID}" MATCHES "GNU"
-         AND NOT "${CMAKE_${LANG}_COMPILER_ID}" MATCHES "(LLVM)?[Ff]lang")
-    message(FATAL_ERROR "Compiler is not GNU or Flang! Aborting...")
-  endif()
 endforeach()
 
-set(COVERAGE_COMPILER_FLAGS "-g --coverage"
-    CACHE INTERNAL "")
+set(COVERAGE_COMPILER_FLAGS "-g --coverage" CACHE INTERNAL "")
 
 set(COVERAGE_CXX_COMPILER_FLAGS "")
 set(COVERAGE_C_COMPILER_FLAGS "")
@@ -228,49 +233,75 @@ if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID MATCHES "(GNU|Clang)")
 
     check_cxx_compiler_flag(-fprofile-abs-path HAVE_cxx_fprofile_abs_path)
     if(HAVE_cxx_fprofile_abs_path)
-        set(COVERAGE_CXX_COMPILER_FLAGS "${COVERAGE_CXX_COMPILER_FLAGS} -fprofile-abs-path")
+        set(COVERAGE_CXX_COMPILER_FLAGS
+            "${COVERAGE_CXX_COMPILER_FLAGS} -fprofile-abs-path"
+        )
     endif()
 
     check_c_compiler_flag(-fprofile-abs-path HAVE_c_fprofile_abs_path)
     if(HAVE_c_fprofile_abs_path)
-        set(COVERAGE_C_COMPILER_FLAGS "${COVERAGE_C_COMPILER_FLAGS} -fprofile-abs-path")
+        set(COVERAGE_C_COMPILER_FLAGS
+            "${COVERAGE_C_COMPILER_FLAGS} -fprofile-abs-path"
+        )
     endif()
 
     check_linker_flag(CXX -fprofile-abs-path HAVE_cxx_linker_fprofile_abs_path)
     if(HAVE_cxx_linker_fprofile_abs_path)
-        set(COVERAGE_CXX_LINKER_FLAGS "${COVERAGE_CXX_LINKER_FLAGS} -fprofile-abs-path")
+        set(COVERAGE_CXX_LINKER_FLAGS
+            "${COVERAGE_CXX_LINKER_FLAGS} -fprofile-abs-path"
+        )
     endif()
 
     check_linker_flag(C -fprofile-abs-path HAVE_c_linker_fprofile_abs_path)
     if(HAVE_c_linker_fprofile_abs_path)
-        set(COVERAGE_C_LINKER_FLAGS "${COVERAGE_C_LINKER_FLAGS} -fprofile-abs-path")
+        set(COVERAGE_C_LINKER_FLAGS
+            "${COVERAGE_C_LINKER_FLAGS} -fprofile-abs-path"
+        )
     endif()
 
     check_cxx_compiler_flag(-fprofile-update=atomic HAVE_cxx_fprofile_update)
     if(HAVE_cxx_fprofile_update)
-        set(COVERAGE_CXX_COMPILER_FLAGS "${COVERAGE_CXX_COMPILER_FLAGS}  -fprofile-update=atomic")
+        set(COVERAGE_CXX_COMPILER_FLAGS
+            "${COVERAGE_CXX_COMPILER_FLAGS}  -fprofile-update=atomic"
+        )
     endif()
 
     check_c_compiler_flag(-fprofile-update=atomic HAVE_c_fprofile_update)
     if(HAVE_c_fprofile_update)
-        set(COVERAGE_C_COMPILER_FLAGS "${COVERAGE_C_COMPILER_FLAGS} -fprofile-update=atomic")
+        set(COVERAGE_C_COMPILER_FLAGS
+            "${COVERAGE_C_COMPILER_FLAGS} -fprofile-update=atomic"
+        )
     endif()
 
-    check_linker_flag(CXX -fprofile-update=atomic HAVE_cxx_linker_fprofile_update)
+    check_linker_flag(
+        CXX
+        -fprofile-update=atomic
+        HAVE_cxx_linker_fprofile_update
+    )
     if(HAVE_cxx_linker_fprofile_update)
-        set(COVERAGE_CXX_LINKER_FLAGS "${COVERAGE_CXX_LINKER_FLAGS} -fprofile-update=atomic")
+        set(COVERAGE_CXX_LINKER_FLAGS
+            "${COVERAGE_CXX_LINKER_FLAGS} -fprofile-update=atomic"
+        )
     endif()
 
     check_linker_flag(C -fprofile-update=atomic HAVE_c_linker_fprofile_update)
     if(HAVE_c_linker_fprofile_update)
-        set(COVERAGE_C_LINKER_FLAGS "${COVERAGE_C_LINKER_FLAGS} -fprofile-update=atomic")
+        set(COVERAGE_C_LINKER_FLAGS
+            "${COVERAGE_C_LINKER_FLAGS} -fprofile-update=atomic"
+        )
     endif()
-
 endif()
 
-get_property(GENERATOR_IS_MULTI_CONFIG GLOBAL PROPERTY GENERATOR_IS_MULTI_CONFIG)
+get_property(
+    GENERATOR_IS_MULTI_CONFIG
+    GLOBAL
+    PROPERTY GENERATOR_IS_MULTI_CONFIG
+)
 if(NOT (CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "Debug" OR GENERATOR_IS_MULTI_CONFIG))
-    message(WARNING "Code coverage results with an optimised (non-Debug) build may be misleading")
+    message(
+        WARNING
+        "Code coverage results with an optimised (non-Debug) build may be misleading"
+    )
 endif() # NOT (CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "Debug" OR GENERATOR_IS_MULTI_CONFIG)
 
 # Defines a target for running and collection code coverage information
@@ -299,7 +330,13 @@ function(setup_target_for_coverage_gcovr)
     set(options NONE)
     set(oneValueArgs BASE_DIRECTORY NAME FORMAT)
     set(multiValueArgs EXCLUDE EXECUTABLE EXECUTABLE_ARGS DEPENDENCIES)
-    cmake_parse_arguments(Coverage "${options}" "${oneValueArgs}" "${multiValueArgs}" ${ARGN})
+    cmake_parse_arguments(
+        Coverage
+        "${options}"
+        "${oneValueArgs}"
+        "${multiValueArgs}"
+        ${ARGN}
+    )
 
     if(NOT GCOV_TOOL)
         message(FATAL_ERROR "Could not find gcov or llvm-cov tool! Aborting...")
@@ -321,21 +358,33 @@ function(setup_target_for_coverage_gcovr)
     endif()
 
     if(NOT DEFINED Coverage_EXECUTABLE AND DEFINED Coverage_EXECUTABLE_ARGS)
-        message(FATAL_ERROR "EXECUTABLE_ARGS must not be set if EXECUTABLE is not set")
+        message(
+            FATAL_ERROR
+            "EXECUTABLE_ARGS must not be set if EXECUTABLE is not set"
+        )
     endif()
 
     if("--output" IN_LIST GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS)
-        message(FATAL_ERROR "Unsupported --output option detected in GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS! Aborting...")
+        message(
+            FATAL_ERROR
+            "Unsupported --output option detected in GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS! Aborting..."
+        )
     else()
-        if((Coverage_FORMAT STREQUAL "html-details")
-            OR (Coverage_FORMAT STREQUAL "html-nested"))
-            set(GCOVR_OUTPUT_FILE ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/${Coverage_NAME}/index.html)
+        if(
+            (Coverage_FORMAT STREQUAL "html-details")
+            OR (Coverage_FORMAT STREQUAL "html-nested")
+        )
+            set(GCOVR_OUTPUT_FILE
+                ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/${Coverage_NAME}/index.html
+            )
             set(GCOVR_CREATE_FOLDER ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/${Coverage_NAME})
         elseif(Coverage_FORMAT STREQUAL "html-single")
             set(GCOVR_OUTPUT_FILE ${Coverage_NAME}.html)
-        elseif((Coverage_FORMAT STREQUAL "json-summary")
+        elseif(
+            (Coverage_FORMAT STREQUAL "json-summary")
             OR (Coverage_FORMAT STREQUAL "json-details")
-            OR (Coverage_FORMAT STREQUAL "coveralls"))
+            OR (Coverage_FORMAT STREQUAL "coveralls")
+        )
             set(GCOVR_OUTPUT_FILE ${Coverage_NAME}.json)
         elseif(Coverage_FORMAT STREQUAL "txt")
             set(GCOVR_OUTPUT_FILE ${Coverage_NAME}.txt)
@@ -348,50 +397,65 @@ function(setup_target_for_coverage_gcovr)
         endif()
     endif()
 
-    if((Coverage_FORMAT STREQUAL "cobertura")
-        OR (Coverage_FORMAT STREQUAL "xml"))
-        list(APPEND GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS --cobertura "${GCOVR_OUTPUT_FILE}" )
-        list(APPEND GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS --cobertura-pretty )
+    if(
+        (Coverage_FORMAT STREQUAL "cobertura")
+        OR (Coverage_FORMAT STREQUAL "xml")
+    )
+        list(APPEND GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS --cobertura "${GCOVR_OUTPUT_FILE}")
+        list(APPEND GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS --cobertura-pretty)
         set(Coverage_FORMAT cobertura) # overwrite xml
     elseif(Coverage_FORMAT STREQUAL "sonarqube")
-        list(APPEND GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS --sonarqube "${GCOVR_OUTPUT_FILE}" )
+        list(APPEND GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS --sonarqube "${GCOVR_OUTPUT_FILE}")
     elseif(Coverage_FORMAT STREQUAL "jacoco")
-        list(APPEND GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS --jacoco "${GCOVR_OUTPUT_FILE}" )
-        list(APPEND GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS --jacoco-pretty )
+        list(APPEND GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS --jacoco "${GCOVR_OUTPUT_FILE}")
+        list(APPEND GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS --jacoco-pretty)
     elseif(Coverage_FORMAT STREQUAL "clover")
-        list(APPEND GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS --clover "${GCOVR_OUTPUT_FILE}" )
-        list(APPEND GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS --clover-pretty )
+        list(APPEND GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS --clover "${GCOVR_OUTPUT_FILE}")
+        list(APPEND GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS --clover-pretty)
     elseif(Coverage_FORMAT STREQUAL "lcov")
-        list(APPEND GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS --lcov "${GCOVR_OUTPUT_FILE}" )
+        list(APPEND GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS --lcov "${GCOVR_OUTPUT_FILE}")
     elseif(Coverage_FORMAT STREQUAL "json-summary")
-        list(APPEND GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS --json-summary "${GCOVR_OUTPUT_FILE}" )
+        list(APPEND GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS --json-summary "${GCOVR_OUTPUT_FILE}")
         list(APPEND GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS --json-summary-pretty)
     elseif(Coverage_FORMAT STREQUAL "json-details")
-        list(APPEND GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS --json "${GCOVR_OUTPUT_FILE}" )
+        list(APPEND GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS --json "${GCOVR_OUTPUT_FILE}")
         list(APPEND GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS --json-pretty)
     elseif(Coverage_FORMAT STREQUAL "coveralls")
-        list(APPEND GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS --coveralls "${GCOVR_OUTPUT_FILE}" )
+        list(APPEND GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS --coveralls "${GCOVR_OUTPUT_FILE}")
         list(APPEND GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS --coveralls-pretty)
     elseif(Coverage_FORMAT STREQUAL "csv")
-        list(APPEND GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS --csv "${GCOVR_OUTPUT_FILE}" )
+        list(APPEND GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS --csv "${GCOVR_OUTPUT_FILE}")
     elseif(Coverage_FORMAT STREQUAL "txt")
-        list(APPEND GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS --txt "${GCOVR_OUTPUT_FILE}" )
+        list(APPEND GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS --txt "${GCOVR_OUTPUT_FILE}")
     elseif(Coverage_FORMAT STREQUAL "html-single")
-        list(APPEND GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS --html "${GCOVR_OUTPUT_FILE}" )
+        list(APPEND GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS --html "${GCOVR_OUTPUT_FILE}")
         list(APPEND GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS --html-self-contained)
     elseif(Coverage_FORMAT STREQUAL "html-nested")
-        list(APPEND GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS --html-nested "${GCOVR_OUTPUT_FILE}" )
+        list(APPEND GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS --html-nested "${GCOVR_OUTPUT_FILE}")
     elseif(Coverage_FORMAT STREQUAL "html-details")
-        list(APPEND GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS --html-details "${GCOVR_OUTPUT_FILE}" )
+        list(APPEND GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS --html-details "${GCOVR_OUTPUT_FILE}")
     else()
-        message(FATAL_ERROR "Unsupported output style ${Coverage_FORMAT}! Aborting...")
+        message(
+            FATAL_ERROR
+            "Unsupported output style ${Coverage_FORMAT}! Aborting..."
+        )
     endif()
 
     # Collect excludes (CMake 3.4+: Also compute absolute paths)
     set(GCOVR_EXCLUDES "")
-    foreach(EXCLUDE ${Coverage_EXCLUDE} ${COVERAGE_EXCLUDES} ${COVERAGE_GCOVR_EXCLUDES})
+    foreach(
+        EXCLUDE
+        ${Coverage_EXCLUDE}
+        ${COVERAGE_EXCLUDES}
+        ${COVERAGE_GCOVR_EXCLUDES}
+    )
         if(CMAKE_VERSION VERSION_GREATER 3.4)
-            get_filename_component(EXCLUDE ${EXCLUDE} ABSOLUTE BASE_DIR ${BASEDIR})
+            get_filename_component(
+                EXCLUDE
+                ${EXCLUDE}
+                ABSOLUTE
+                BASE_DIR ${BASEDIR}
+            )
         endif()
         list(APPEND GCOVR_EXCLUDES "${EXCLUDE}")
     endforeach()
@@ -409,22 +473,29 @@ function(setup_target_for_coverage_gcovr)
     # before running the coverage target NAME
     if(DEFINED Coverage_EXECUTABLE)
         set(GCOVR_EXEC_TESTS_CMD
-            ${Coverage_EXECUTABLE} ${Coverage_EXECUTABLE_ARGS}
+            ${Coverage_EXECUTABLE}
+            ${Coverage_EXECUTABLE_ARGS}
         )
     endif()
 
     # Create folder
     if(DEFINED GCOVR_CREATE_FOLDER)
         set(GCOVR_FOLDER_CMD
-            ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E make_directory ${GCOVR_CREATE_FOLDER})
+            ${CMAKE_COMMAND}
+            -E
+            make_directory
+            ${GCOVR_CREATE_FOLDER}
+        )
     endif()
 
     # Running gcovr
     set(GCOVR_CMD
         ${GCOVR_PATH}
-        --gcov-executable ${GCOV_TOOL}
+        --gcov-executable
+        ${GCOV_TOOL}
         --gcov-ignore-parse-errors=negative_hits.warn_once_per_file
-        -r ${BASEDIR}
+        -r
+        ${BASEDIR}
         ${GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS}
         ${GCOVR_EXCLUDE_ARGS}
         --object-directory=${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}
@@ -435,13 +506,23 @@ function(setup_target_for_coverage_gcovr)
 
         if(NOT "${GCOVR_EXEC_TESTS_CMD}" STREQUAL "")
             message(STATUS "Command to run tests: ")
-            string(REPLACE ";" " " GCOVR_EXEC_TESTS_CMD_SPACED "${GCOVR_EXEC_TESTS_CMD}")
+            string(
+                REPLACE ";"
+                " "
+                GCOVR_EXEC_TESTS_CMD_SPACED
+                "${GCOVR_EXEC_TESTS_CMD}"
+            )
             message(STATUS "${GCOVR_EXEC_TESTS_CMD_SPACED}")
         endif()
 
         if(NOT "${GCOVR_FOLDER_CMD}" STREQUAL "")
             message(STATUS "Command to create a folder: ")
-            string(REPLACE ";" " " GCOVR_FOLDER_CMD_SPACED "${GCOVR_FOLDER_CMD}")
+            string(
+                REPLACE ";"
+                " "
+                GCOVR_FOLDER_CMD_SPACED
+                "${GCOVR_FOLDER_CMD}"
+            )
             message(STATUS "${GCOVR_FOLDER_CMD_SPACED}")
         endif()
 
@@ -450,11 +531,11 @@ function(setup_target_for_coverage_gcovr)
         message(STATUS "${GCOVR_CMD_SPACED}")
     endif()
 
-    add_custom_target(${Coverage_NAME}
+    add_custom_target(
+        ${Coverage_NAME}
         COMMAND ${GCOVR_EXEC_TESTS_CMD}
         COMMAND ${GCOVR_FOLDER_CMD}
         COMMAND ${GCOVR_CMD}
-
         BYPRODUCTS ${GCOVR_OUTPUT_FILE}
         WORKING_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}
         DEPENDS ${Coverage_DEPENDENCIES}
@@ -463,25 +544,49 @@ function(setup_target_for_coverage_gcovr)
     )
 
     # Show info where to find the report
-    add_custom_command(TARGET ${Coverage_NAME} POST_BUILD
+    add_custom_command(
+        TARGET ${Coverage_NAME}
+        POST_BUILD
         COMMAND echo
-        COMMENT "Code coverage report saved in ${GCOVR_OUTPUT_FILE} formatted as ${Coverage_FORMAT}"
+        COMMENT
+            "Code coverage report saved in ${GCOVR_OUTPUT_FILE} formatted as ${Coverage_FORMAT}"
     )
 endfunction() # setup_target_for_coverage_gcovr
 
 function(add_code_coverage_to_target name scope)
-    separate_arguments(COVERAGE_CXX_COMPILER_FLAGS NATIVE_COMMAND "${COVERAGE_CXX_COMPILER_FLAGS}")
-    separate_arguments(COVERAGE_C_COMPILER_FLAGS NATIVE_COMMAND "${COVERAGE_C_COMPILER_FLAGS}")
-    separate_arguments(COVERAGE_CXX_LINKER_FLAGS NATIVE_COMMAND "${COVERAGE_CXX_LINKER_FLAGS}")
-    separate_arguments(COVERAGE_C_LINKER_FLAGS NATIVE_COMMAND "${COVERAGE_C_LINKER_FLAGS}")
+    separate_arguments(
+        COVERAGE_CXX_COMPILER_FLAGS
+        NATIVE_COMMAND
+        "${COVERAGE_CXX_COMPILER_FLAGS}"
+    )
+    separate_arguments(
+        COVERAGE_C_COMPILER_FLAGS
+        NATIVE_COMMAND
+        "${COVERAGE_C_COMPILER_FLAGS}"
+    )
+    separate_arguments(
+        COVERAGE_CXX_LINKER_FLAGS
+        NATIVE_COMMAND
+        "${COVERAGE_CXX_LINKER_FLAGS}"
+    )
+    separate_arguments(
+        COVERAGE_C_LINKER_FLAGS
+        NATIVE_COMMAND
+        "${COVERAGE_C_LINKER_FLAGS}"
+    )
 
     # Add compiler options to the target
-    target_compile_options(${name} ${scope}
-            $<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>:${COVERAGE_CXX_COMPILER_FLAGS}>
-            $<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:C>:${COVERAGE_C_COMPILER_FLAGS}>)
+    target_compile_options(
+        ${name}
+        ${scope}
+        $<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>:${COVERAGE_CXX_COMPILER_FLAGS}>
+        $<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:C>:${COVERAGE_C_COMPILER_FLAGS}>
+    )
 
-    target_link_libraries (${name} ${scope}
-            $<$<LINK_LANGUAGE:CXX>:${COVERAGE_CXX_LINKER_FLAGS} gcov>
-            $<$<LINK_LANGUAGE:C>:${COVERAGE_C_LINKER_FLAGS} gcov>
+    target_link_libraries(
+        ${name}
+        ${scope}
+        $<$<LINK_LANGUAGE:CXX>:${COVERAGE_CXX_LINKER_FLAGS}>
+        $<$<LINK_LANGUAGE:C>:${COVERAGE_C_LINKER_FLAGS}>
     )
 endfunction() # add_code_coverage_to_target

cmake/CompilationEnv.cmake

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
- # Shared detection of compiler, operating system, and architecture.
- #
- # This module centralizes environment detection so that other
- # CMake modules can use the same variables instead of repeating
- # checks on CMAKE_* and built-in platform variables.
+# Shared detection of compiler, operating system, and architecture.
+#
+# This module centralizes environment detection so that other CMake modules can use the same variables instead of
+# repeating checks on CMAKE_* and built-in platform variables.
 
 # Only run once per configure step.
 include_guard(GLOBAL)
@@ -13,17 +12,22 @@ include_guard(GLOBAL)
 set(is_clang FALSE)
 set(is_gcc FALSE)
 set(is_msvc FALSE)
+set(is_xcode FALSE)
 
 if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID MATCHES ".*Clang") # Clang or AppleClang
-  set(is_clang TRUE)
+    set(is_clang TRUE)
 elseif(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "GNU")
-  set(is_gcc TRUE)
+    set(is_gcc TRUE)
 elseif(MSVC)
-  set(is_msvc TRUE)
+    set(is_msvc TRUE)
 else()
-  message(FATAL_ERROR "Unsupported C++ compiler: ${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}")
+    message(FATAL_ERROR "Unsupported C++ compiler: ${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID}")
 endif()
 
+# Xcode generator detection
+if(CMAKE_GENERATOR STREQUAL "Xcode")
+    set(is_xcode TRUE)
+endif()
 
 # --------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Operating system detection
@@ -33,11 +37,11 @@ set(is_windows FALSE)
 set(is_macos FALSE)
 
 if(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME STREQUAL "Linux")
-  set(is_linux TRUE)
+    set(is_linux TRUE)
 elseif(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME STREQUAL "Windows")
-  set(is_windows TRUE)
+    set(is_windows TRUE)
 elseif(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME STREQUAL "Darwin")
-  set(is_macos TRUE)
+    set(is_macos TRUE)
 endif()
 
 # --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -46,9 +50,9 @@ endif()
 set(is_amd64 FALSE)
 set(is_arm64 FALSE)
 if(CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR MATCHES "x86_64|AMD64")
-  set(is_amd64 TRUE)
-elseif(CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR MATCHES "aarch64|arm64")
-  set(is_arm64 TRUE)
+    set(is_amd64 TRUE)
+elseif(CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR MATCHES "aarch64|arm64|ARM64")
+    set(is_arm64 TRUE)
 else()
-  message(FATAL_ERROR "Unknown architecture: ${CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR}")
+    message(FATAL_ERROR "Unknown architecture: ${CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR}")
 endif()

cmake/GitInfo.cmake

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+include_guard()
+
+set(GIT_BUILD_BRANCH "")
+set(GIT_COMMIT_HASH "")
+
+find_package(Git)
+if(NOT Git_FOUND)
+    message(WARNING "Git not found. Git branch and commit hash will be empty.")
+    return()
+endif()
+
+set(GIT_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/.git)
+
+execute_process(
+    COMMAND
+        ${GIT_EXECUTABLE} --git-dir=${GIT_DIRECTORY} rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD
+    OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE
+    OUTPUT_VARIABLE GIT_BUILD_BRANCH
+)
+
+execute_process(
+    COMMAND ${GIT_EXECUTABLE} --git-dir=${GIT_DIRECTORY} rev-parse HEAD
+    OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE
+    OUTPUT_VARIABLE GIT_COMMIT_HASH
+)
+
+message(STATUS "Git branch: ${GIT_BUILD_BRANCH}")
+message(STATUS "Git commit hash: ${GIT_COMMIT_HASH}")

cmake/XrplAddTest.cmake

@@ -1,25 +1,22 @@
 include(isolate_headers)
 
 function(xrpl_add_test name)
-  set(target ${PROJECT_NAME}.test.${name})
+    set(target ${PROJECT_NAME}.test.${name})
 
-  file(GLOB_RECURSE sources CONFIGURE_DEPENDS
-  "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/${name}/*.cpp"
-  "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/${name}.cpp"
-  )
-  add_executable(${target} ${ARGN} ${sources})
+    file(
+        GLOB_RECURSE sources
+        CONFIGURE_DEPENDS
+        "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/${name}/*.cpp"
+        "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/${name}.cpp"
+    )
+    add_executable(${target} ${ARGN} ${sources})
 
-  isolate_headers(
-    ${target}
-    "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}"
-    "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/tests/${name}"
-    PRIVATE
-  )
+    isolate_headers(
+        ${target}
+        "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}"
+        "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/tests/${name}"
+        PRIVATE
+    )
 
-  # Make sure the test isn't optimized away in unity builds
-  set_target_properties(${target} PROPERTIES
-    UNITY_BUILD_MODE GROUP
-    UNITY_BUILD_BATCH_SIZE 0)  # Adjust as needed
-
-  add_test(NAME ${target} COMMAND ${target})
+    add_test(NAME ${target} COMMAND ${target})
 endfunction()

cmake/XrplCompiler.cmake

@@ -8,153 +8,192 @@ include(CompilationEnv)
    TODO some/most of these common settings belong in a
    toolchain file, especially the ABI-impacting ones
 #]=========================================================]
-add_library (common INTERFACE)
-add_library (Xrpl::common ALIAS common)
+add_library(common INTERFACE)
+add_library(Xrpl::common ALIAS common)
 include(XrplSanitizers)
 # add a single global dependency on this interface lib
-link_libraries (Xrpl::common)
+link_libraries(Xrpl::common)
 # Respect CMAKE_POSITION_INDEPENDENT_CODE setting (may be set by Conan toolchain)
 if(NOT DEFINED CMAKE_POSITION_INDEPENDENT_CODE)
-  set(CMAKE_POSITION_INDEPENDENT_CODE ON)
+    set(CMAKE_POSITION_INDEPENDENT_CODE ON)
 endif()
-set_target_properties (common
-  PROPERTIES INTERFACE_POSITION_INDEPENDENT_CODE ${CMAKE_POSITION_INDEPENDENT_CODE})
+set_target_properties(
+    common
+    PROPERTIES
+        INTERFACE_POSITION_INDEPENDENT_CODE ${CMAKE_POSITION_INDEPENDENT_CODE}
+)
 set(CMAKE_CXX_EXTENSIONS OFF)
-target_compile_definitions (common
-  INTERFACE
-    $<$<CONFIG:Debug>:DEBUG _DEBUG>
-    #[===[
+target_compile_definitions(
+    common
+    INTERFACE
+        $<$<CONFIG:Debug>:DEBUG
+        _DEBUG>
+        #[===[
     NOTE: CMAKE release builds already have NDEBUG defined, so no need to add it
     explicitly except for the special case of (profile ON) and (assert OFF).
     Presumably this is because we don't want profile builds asserting unless
     asserts were specifically requested.
     ]===]
-    $<$<AND:$<BOOL:${profile}>,$<NOT:$<BOOL:${assert}>>>:NDEBUG>
-    # TODO: Remove once we have migrated functions from OpenSSL 1.x to 3.x.
-    OPENSSL_SUPPRESS_DEPRECATED
+        $<$<AND:$<BOOL:${profile}>,$<NOT:$<BOOL:${assert}>>>:NDEBUG>
+        # TODO: Remove once we have migrated functions from OpenSSL 1.x to 3.x.
+        OPENSSL_SUPPRESS_DEPRECATED
 )
 
-if (MSVC)
-  # remove existing exception flag since we set it to -EHa
-  string (REGEX REPLACE "[-/]EH[a-z]+" "" CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS}")
+if(MSVC)
+    # remove existing exception flag since we set it to -EHa
+    string(REGEX REPLACE "[-/]EH[a-z]+" "" CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS}")
 
-  foreach (var_
-      CMAKE_C_FLAGS_DEBUG CMAKE_C_FLAGS_RELEASE
-      CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELEASE)
+    foreach(
+        var_
+        CMAKE_C_FLAGS_DEBUG
+        CMAKE_C_FLAGS_RELEASE
+        CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_DEBUG
+        CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELEASE
+    )
+        # also remove dynamic runtime
+        string(REGEX REPLACE "[-/]MD[d]*" " " ${var_} "${${var_}}")
 
-    # also remove dynamic runtime
-    string (REGEX REPLACE "[-/]MD[d]*" " " ${var_} "${${var_}}")
+        # /ZI (Edit & Continue debugging information) is incompatible with Gy-
+        string(REPLACE "/ZI" "/Zi" ${var_} "${${var_}}")
 
-    # /ZI (Edit & Continue debugging information) is incompatible with Gy-
-    string (REPLACE "/ZI" "/Zi" ${var_} "${${var_}}")
+        # omit debug info completely under CI (not needed)
+        if(is_ci)
+            string(REPLACE "/Zi" " " ${var_} "${${var_}}")
+            string(REPLACE "/Z7" " " ${var_} "${${var_}}")
+        endif()
+    endforeach()
 
-    # omit debug info completely under CI (not needed)
-    if (is_ci)
-      string (REPLACE "/Zi" " " ${var_} "${${var_}}")
-      string (REPLACE "/Z7" " " ${var_} "${${var_}}")
-    endif ()
-  endforeach ()
-
-  target_compile_options (common
-    INTERFACE
-      -bigobj            # Increase object file max size
-      -fp:precise        # Floating point behavior
-      -Gd                # __cdecl calling convention
-      -Gm-               # Minimal rebuild: disabled
-      -Gy-               # Function level linking: disabled
-      -MP                # Multiprocessor compilation
-      -openmp-           # pragma omp: disabled
-      -errorReport:none  # No error reporting to Internet
-      -nologo            # Suppress login banner
-      -wd4018            # Disable signed/unsigned comparison warnings
-      -wd4244            # Disable float to int possible loss of data warnings
-      -wd4267            # Disable size_t to T possible loss of data warnings
-      -wd4800            # Disable C4800(int to bool performance)
-      -wd4503            # Decorated name length exceeded, name was truncated
-      $<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>:
-        -EHa
-        -GR
-      >
-      $<$<CONFIG:Release>:-Ox>
-      $<$<AND:$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>,$<CONFIG:Debug>>:
-        -GS
-        -Zc:forScope
-      >
-      # static runtime
-      $<$<CONFIG:Debug>:-MTd>
-      $<$<NOT:$<CONFIG:Debug>>:-MT>
-      $<$<BOOL:${werr}>:-WX>
-      )
-  target_compile_definitions (common
-    INTERFACE
-      _WIN32_WINNT=0x6000
-      _SCL_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
-      _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
-      WIN32_CONSOLE
-      WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
-      NOMINMAX
-      # TODO: Resolve these warnings, don't just silence them
-      _SILENCE_ALL_CXX17_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS
-      $<$<AND:$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>,$<CONFIG:Debug>>:_CRTDBG_MAP_ALLOC>)
-  target_link_libraries (common
-    INTERFACE
-      -errorreport:none
-      -machine:X64)
-else ()
-  target_compile_options (common
-    INTERFACE
-      -Wall
-      -Wdeprecated
-      $<$<BOOL:${is_clang}>:-Wno-deprecated-declarations>
-      $<$<BOOL:${wextra}>:-Wextra -Wno-unused-parameter>
-      $<$<BOOL:${werr}>:-Werror>
-      -fstack-protector
-      -Wno-sign-compare
-      -Wno-unused-but-set-variable
-      $<$<NOT:$<CONFIG:Debug>>:-fno-strict-aliasing>
-      # tweak gcc optimization for debug
-      $<$<AND:$<BOOL:${is_gcc}>,$<CONFIG:Debug>>:-O0>
-      # Add debug symbols to release config
-      $<$<CONFIG:Release>:-g>)
-  target_link_libraries (common
-    INTERFACE
-      -rdynamic
-      $<$<BOOL:${is_linux}>:-Wl,-z,relro,-z,now,--build-id>
-      # link to static libc/c++ iff:
-      #   * static option set and
-      #   * NOT APPLE (AppleClang does not support static libc/c++) and
-      #   * NOT SANITIZERS (sanitizers typically don't work with static libc/c++)
-      $<$<AND:$<BOOL:${static}>,$<NOT:$<BOOL:${APPLE}>>,$<NOT:$<BOOL:${SANITIZERS_ENABLED}>>>:
-      -static-libstdc++
-      -static-libgcc
-      >)
-endif ()
+    target_compile_options(
+        common
+        INTERFACE # Increase object file max size
+            -bigobj
+            # Floating point behavior
+            -fp:precise
+            # __cdecl calling convention
+            -Gd
+            # Minimal rebuild: disabled
+            -Gm-
+            # Function level linking: disabled
+            -Gy-
+            # Multiprocessor compilation
+            -MP
+            # pragma omp: disabled
+            -openmp-
+            # No error reporting to Internet
+            -errorReport:none
+            # Suppress login banner
+            -nologo
+            # Disable signed/unsigned comparison warnings
+            -wd4018
+            # Disable float to int possible loss of data warnings
+            -wd4244
+            # Disable size_t to T possible loss of data warnings
+            -wd4267
+            # Disable C4800(int to bool performance)
+            -wd4800
+            # Decorated name length exceeded, name was truncated
+            -wd4503
+            $<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>:
+            -EHa
+            -GR
+            >
+            $<$<CONFIG:Release>:-Ox>
+            $<$<AND:$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>,$<CONFIG:Debug>>:
+            -GS
+            -Zc:forScope
+            >
+            # static runtime
+            $<$<CONFIG:Debug>:-MTd>
+            $<$<NOT:$<CONFIG:Debug>>:-MT>
+            $<$<BOOL:${werr}>:-WX>
+    )
+    target_compile_definitions(
+        common
+        INTERFACE
+            _WIN32_WINNT=0x6000
+            _SCL_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
+            _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
+            WIN32_CONSOLE
+            WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+            NOMINMAX
+            # TODO: Resolve these warnings, don't just silence them
+            _SILENCE_ALL_CXX17_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS
+            $<$<AND:$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>,$<CONFIG:Debug>>:_CRTDBG_MAP_ALLOC>
+    )
+    target_link_libraries(common INTERFACE -errorreport:none -machine:X64)
+else()
+    target_compile_options(
+        common
+        INTERFACE
+            -Wall
+            -Wdeprecated
+            $<$<BOOL:${is_clang}>:-Wno-deprecated-declarations>
+            $<$<BOOL:${wextra}>:-Wextra
+            -Wno-unused-parameter>
+            $<$<BOOL:${werr}>:-Werror>
+            -fstack-protector
+            -Wno-sign-compare
+            -Wno-unused-but-set-variable
+            $<$<NOT:$<CONFIG:Debug>>:-fno-strict-aliasing>
+            # tweak gcc optimization for debug
+            $<$<AND:$<BOOL:${is_gcc}>,$<CONFIG:Debug>>:-O0>
+            # Add debug symbols to release config
+            $<$<CONFIG:Release>:-g>
+    )
+    target_link_libraries(
+        common
+        INTERFACE
+            -rdynamic
+            $<$<BOOL:${is_linux}>:-Wl,-z,relro,-z,now,--build-id>
+            # link to static libc/c++ iff: * static option set and * NOT APPLE (AppleClang does not support static
+            # libc/c++) and * NOT SANITIZERS (sanitizers typically don't work with static libc/c++)
+            $<$<AND:$<BOOL:${static}>,$<NOT:$<BOOL:${APPLE}>>,$<NOT:$<BOOL:${SANITIZERS_ENABLED}>>>:
+            -static-libstdc++
+            -static-libgcc
+            >
+    )
+endif()
 
 # Antithesis instrumentation will only be built and deployed using machines running Linux.
-if (voidstar)
-  if (NOT CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "Debug")
-    message(FATAL_ERROR "Antithesis instrumentation requires Debug build type, aborting...")
-  elseif (NOT is_linux)
-    message(FATAL_ERROR "Antithesis instrumentation requires Linux, aborting...")
-  elseif (NOT (is_clang AND CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_GREATER_EQUAL 16.0))
-    message(FATAL_ERROR "Antithesis instrumentation requires Clang version 16 or later, aborting...")
-  endif ()
-endif ()
+if(voidstar)
+    if(NOT CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "Debug")
+        message(
+            FATAL_ERROR
+            "Antithesis instrumentation requires Debug build type, aborting..."
+        )
+    elseif(NOT is_linux)
+        message(
+            FATAL_ERROR
+            "Antithesis instrumentation requires Linux, aborting..."
+        )
+    elseif(
+        NOT (is_clang AND CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_GREATER_EQUAL 16.0)
+    )
+        message(
+            FATAL_ERROR
+            "Antithesis instrumentation requires Clang version 16 or later, aborting..."
+        )
+    endif()
+endif()
 
-if (use_mold)
-  # use mold linker if available
-  execute_process (
-    COMMAND ${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER} -fuse-ld=mold -Wl,--version
-    ERROR_QUIET OUTPUT_VARIABLE LD_VERSION)
-  if ("${LD_VERSION}" MATCHES "mold")
-    target_link_libraries (common INTERFACE -fuse-ld=mold)
-  endif ()
-  unset (LD_VERSION)
-elseif (use_gold AND is_gcc)
-  # use gold linker if available
-  execute_process (
-    COMMAND ${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER} -fuse-ld=gold -Wl,--version
-    ERROR_QUIET OUTPUT_VARIABLE LD_VERSION)
+if(use_mold)
+    # use mold linker if available
+    execute_process(
+        COMMAND ${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER} -fuse-ld=mold -Wl,--version
+        ERROR_QUIET
+        OUTPUT_VARIABLE LD_VERSION
+    )
+    if("${LD_VERSION}" MATCHES "mold")
+        target_link_libraries(common INTERFACE -fuse-ld=mold)
+    endif()
+    unset(LD_VERSION)
+elseif(use_gold AND is_gcc)
+    # use gold linker if available
+    execute_process(
+        COMMAND ${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER} -fuse-ld=gold -Wl,--version
+        ERROR_QUIET
+        OUTPUT_VARIABLE LD_VERSION
+    )
     #[=========================================================[
        NOTE: THE gold linker inserts -rpath as DT_RUNPATH by
        default instead of DT_RPATH, so you might have slightly
@@ -168,34 +207,37 @@ elseif (use_gold AND is_gcc)
        disabling would be to figure out all the settings
        required to make gold play nicely with jemalloc.
     #]=========================================================]
-  if (("${LD_VERSION}" MATCHES "GNU gold") AND (NOT jemalloc))
-    target_link_libraries (common
-      INTERFACE
-        -fuse-ld=gold
-        -Wl,--no-as-needed
-        #[=========================================================[
+    if(("${LD_VERSION}" MATCHES "GNU gold") AND (NOT jemalloc))
+        target_link_libraries(
+            common
+            INTERFACE
+                -fuse-ld=gold
+                -Wl,--no-as-needed
+                #[=========================================================[
            see https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/eglibc/+bug/1253638/comments/5
            DT_RUNPATH does not work great for transitive
            dependencies (of which boost has a few) - so just
            switch to DT_RPATH if doing dynamic linking with gold
         #]=========================================================]
-        $<$<NOT:$<BOOL:${static}>>:-Wl,--disable-new-dtags>)
-  endif ()
-  unset (LD_VERSION)
-elseif (use_lld)
-  # use lld linker if available
-  execute_process (
-    COMMAND ${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER} -fuse-ld=lld -Wl,--version
-    ERROR_QUIET OUTPUT_VARIABLE LD_VERSION)
-  if ("${LD_VERSION}" MATCHES "LLD")
-    target_link_libraries (common INTERFACE -fuse-ld=lld)
-  endif ()
-  unset (LD_VERSION)
+                $<$<NOT:$<BOOL:${static}>>:-Wl,--disable-new-dtags>
+        )
+    endif()
+    unset(LD_VERSION)
+elseif(use_lld)
+    # use lld linker if available
+    execute_process(
+        COMMAND ${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER} -fuse-ld=lld -Wl,--version
+        ERROR_QUIET
+        OUTPUT_VARIABLE LD_VERSION
+    )
+    if("${LD_VERSION}" MATCHES "LLD")
+        target_link_libraries(common INTERFACE -fuse-ld=lld)
+    endif()
+    unset(LD_VERSION)
 endif()
 
-
-if (assert)
-  foreach (var_ CMAKE_C_FLAGS_RELEASE CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELEASE)
-    STRING (REGEX REPLACE "[-/]DNDEBUG" "" ${var_} "${${var_}}")
-  endforeach ()
-endif ()
+if(assert)
+    foreach(var_ CMAKE_C_FLAGS_RELEASE CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELEASE)
+        string(REGEX REPLACE "[-/]DNDEBUG" "" ${var_} "${${var_}}")
+    endforeach()
+endif()

cmake/XrplConfig.cmake

@@ -1,54 +0,0 @@
-include (CMakeFindDependencyMacro)
-# need to represent system dependencies of the lib here
-#[=========================================================[
-  Boost
-#]=========================================================]
-if (static OR APPLE OR MSVC)
-  set (Boost_USE_STATIC_LIBS ON)
-endif ()
-set (Boost_USE_MULTITHREADED ON)
-if (static OR MSVC)
-  set (Boost_USE_STATIC_RUNTIME ON)
-else ()
-  set (Boost_USE_STATIC_RUNTIME OFF)
-endif ()
-find_dependency (Boost
-  COMPONENTS
-    chrono
-    container
-    context
-    coroutine
-    date_time
-    filesystem
-    program_options
-    regex
-    system
-    thread)
-#[=========================================================[
-  OpenSSL
-#]=========================================================]
-if (NOT DEFINED OPENSSL_ROOT_DIR)
-  if (DEFINED ENV{OPENSSL_ROOT})
-    set (OPENSSL_ROOT_DIR $ENV{OPENSSL_ROOT})
-  elseif (APPLE)
-    find_program (homebrew brew)
-    if (homebrew)
-      execute_process (COMMAND ${homebrew} --prefix openssl
-        OUTPUT_VARIABLE OPENSSL_ROOT_DIR
-        OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE)
-    endif ()
-  endif ()
-  file (TO_CMAKE_PATH "${OPENSSL_ROOT_DIR}" OPENSSL_ROOT_DIR)
-endif ()
-
-if (static OR APPLE OR MSVC)
-  set (OPENSSL_USE_STATIC_LIBS ON)
-endif ()
-set (OPENSSL_MSVC_STATIC_RT ON)
-find_dependency (OpenSSL REQUIRED)
-find_dependency (ZLIB)
-find_dependency (date)
-if (TARGET ZLIB::ZLIB)
-  set_target_properties(OpenSSL::Crypto PROPERTIES
-    INTERFACE_LINK_LIBRARIES ZLIB::ZLIB)
-endif ()

cmake/XrplCore.cmake

@@ -10,62 +10,66 @@ include(target_protobuf_sources)
 # so we just build them as a separate library.
 add_library(xrpl.libpb)
 set_target_properties(xrpl.libpb PROPERTIES UNITY_BUILD OFF)
-target_protobuf_sources(xrpl.libpb xrpl/proto
-  LANGUAGE cpp
-  IMPORT_DIRS include/xrpl/proto
-  PROTOS include/xrpl/proto/xrpl.proto
+target_protobuf_sources(
+    xrpl.libpb
+    xrpl/proto
+    LANGUAGE cpp
+    IMPORT_DIRS include/xrpl/proto
+    PROTOS include/xrpl/proto/xrpl.proto
 )
 
 file(GLOB_RECURSE protos "include/xrpl/proto/org/*.proto")
-target_protobuf_sources(xrpl.libpb xrpl/proto
-  LANGUAGE cpp
-  IMPORT_DIRS include/xrpl/proto
-  PROTOS "${protos}"
+target_protobuf_sources(
+    xrpl.libpb
+    xrpl/proto
+    LANGUAGE cpp
+    IMPORT_DIRS include/xrpl/proto
+    PROTOS "${protos}"
 )
-target_protobuf_sources(xrpl.libpb xrpl/proto
-  LANGUAGE grpc
-  IMPORT_DIRS include/xrpl/proto
-  PROTOS "${protos}"
-  PLUGIN protoc-gen-grpc=$<TARGET_FILE:gRPC::grpc_cpp_plugin>
-  GENERATE_EXTENSIONS .grpc.pb.h .grpc.pb.cc
+target_protobuf_sources(
+    xrpl.libpb
+    xrpl/proto
+    LANGUAGE grpc
+    IMPORT_DIRS include/xrpl/proto
+    PROTOS "${protos}"
+    PLUGIN protoc-gen-grpc=$<TARGET_FILE:gRPC::grpc_cpp_plugin>
+    GENERATE_EXTENSIONS .grpc.pb.h .grpc.pb.cc
 )
 
-target_compile_options(xrpl.libpb
-  PUBLIC
-    $<$<BOOL:${MSVC}>:-wd4996>
-    $<$<BOOL:${XCODE}>:
-      --system-header-prefix="google/protobuf"
-      -Wno-deprecated-dynamic-exception-spec
-    >
-  PRIVATE
-    $<$<BOOL:${MSVC}>:-wd4065>
-    $<$<NOT:$<BOOL:${MSVC}>>:-Wno-deprecated-declarations>
+target_compile_options(
+    xrpl.libpb
+    PUBLIC
+        $<$<BOOL:${is_msvc}>:-wd4996>
+        $<$<BOOL:${is_xcode}>:
+        --system-header-prefix="google/protobuf"
+        -Wno-deprecated-dynamic-exception-spec
+        >
+    PRIVATE
+        $<$<BOOL:${is_msvc}>:-wd4065>
+        $<$<NOT:$<BOOL:${is_msvc}>>:-Wno-deprecated-declarations>
 )
 
-target_link_libraries(xrpl.libpb
-  PUBLIC
-    protobuf::libprotobuf
-    gRPC::grpc++
-)
+target_link_libraries(xrpl.libpb PUBLIC protobuf::libprotobuf gRPC::grpc++)
 
 # TODO: Clean up the number of library targets later.
 add_library(xrpl.imports.main INTERFACE)
 
-target_link_libraries(xrpl.imports.main
-  INTERFACE
-    absl::random_random
-    date::date
-    ed25519::ed25519
-    LibArchive::LibArchive
-    OpenSSL::Crypto
-    Xrpl::boost
-    Xrpl::libs
-    Xrpl::opts
-    Xrpl::syslibs
-    secp256k1::secp256k1
-    xrpl.libpb
-    xxHash::xxhash
-    $<$<BOOL:${voidstar}>:antithesis-sdk-cpp>
+target_link_libraries(
+    xrpl.imports.main
+    INTERFACE
+        absl::random_random
+        date::date
+        ed25519::ed25519
+        LibArchive::LibArchive
+        OpenSSL::Crypto
+        Xrpl::boost
+        Xrpl::libs
+        Xrpl::opts
+        Xrpl::syslibs
+        secp256k1::secp256k1
+        xrpl.libpb
+        xxHash::xxhash
+        $<$<BOOL:${voidstar}>:antithesis-sdk-cpp>
 )
 
 include(add_module)
@@ -75,6 +79,16 @@ include(target_link_modules)
 add_module(xrpl beast)
 target_link_libraries(xrpl.libxrpl.beast PUBLIC xrpl.imports.main)
 
+include(GitInfo)
+add_module(xrpl git)
+target_compile_definitions(
+    xrpl.libxrpl.git
+    PRIVATE
+        GIT_COMMIT_HASH="${GIT_COMMIT_HASH}"
+        GIT_BUILD_BRANCH="${GIT_BUILD_BRANCH}"
+)
+target_link_libraries(xrpl.libxrpl.git PUBLIC xrpl.imports.main)
+
 # Level 02
 add_module(xrpl basics)
 target_link_libraries(xrpl.libxrpl.basics PUBLIC xrpl.libxrpl.beast)
@@ -88,80 +102,146 @@ target_link_libraries(xrpl.libxrpl.crypto PUBLIC xrpl.libxrpl.basics)
 
 # Level 04
 add_module(xrpl protocol)
-target_link_libraries(xrpl.libxrpl.protocol PUBLIC
-  xrpl.libxrpl.crypto
-  xrpl.libxrpl.json
+target_link_libraries(
+    xrpl.libxrpl.protocol
+    PUBLIC xrpl.libxrpl.crypto xrpl.libxrpl.git xrpl.libxrpl.json
 )
 
 # Level 05
-add_module(xrpl core)
-target_link_libraries(xrpl.libxrpl.core PUBLIC
-  xrpl.libxrpl.basics
-  xrpl.libxrpl.json
-  xrpl.libxrpl.protocol
+add_module(xrpl protocol_autogen)
+target_link_libraries(
+    xrpl.libxrpl.protocol_autogen
+    PUBLIC xrpl.libxrpl.protocol
 )
 
 # Level 06
-add_module(xrpl resource)
-target_link_libraries(xrpl.libxrpl.resource PUBLIC xrpl.libxrpl.protocol)
-
-# Level 07
-add_module(xrpl net)
-target_link_libraries(xrpl.libxrpl.net PUBLIC
-  xrpl.libxrpl.basics
-  xrpl.libxrpl.json
-  xrpl.libxrpl.protocol
-  xrpl.libxrpl.resource
-)
-
-add_module(xrpl server)
-target_link_libraries(xrpl.libxrpl.server PUBLIC xrpl.libxrpl.protocol)
-
-add_module(xrpl nodestore)
-target_link_libraries(xrpl.libxrpl.nodestore PUBLIC
+add_module(xrpl core)
+target_link_libraries(
+    xrpl.libxrpl.core
+    PUBLIC
         xrpl.libxrpl.basics
         xrpl.libxrpl.json
         xrpl.libxrpl.protocol
+        xrpl.libxrpl.protocol_autogen
+)
+
+# Level 07
+add_module(xrpl resource)
+target_link_libraries(xrpl.libxrpl.resource PUBLIC xrpl.libxrpl.protocol)
+
+# Level 08
+add_module(xrpl net)
+target_link_libraries(
+    xrpl.libxrpl.net
+    PUBLIC
+        xrpl.libxrpl.basics
+        xrpl.libxrpl.json
+        xrpl.libxrpl.protocol
+        xrpl.libxrpl.resource
+)
+
+add_module(xrpl nodestore)
+target_link_libraries(
+    xrpl.libxrpl.nodestore
+    PUBLIC xrpl.libxrpl.basics xrpl.libxrpl.json xrpl.libxrpl.protocol
 )
 
 add_module(xrpl shamap)
-target_link_libraries(xrpl.libxrpl.shamap PUBLIC
+target_link_libraries(
+    xrpl.libxrpl.shamap
+    PUBLIC
         xrpl.libxrpl.basics
         xrpl.libxrpl.crypto
         xrpl.libxrpl.protocol
         xrpl.libxrpl.nodestore
 )
 
-add_module(xrpl ledger)
-target_link_libraries(xrpl.libxrpl.ledger PUBLIC
-  xrpl.libxrpl.basics
-  xrpl.libxrpl.json
-  xrpl.libxrpl.protocol
+add_module(xrpl rdb)
+target_link_libraries(
+    xrpl.libxrpl.rdb
+    PUBLIC xrpl.libxrpl.basics xrpl.libxrpl.core
 )
 
+add_module(xrpl server)
+target_link_libraries(
+    xrpl.libxrpl.server
+    PUBLIC
+        xrpl.libxrpl.protocol
+        xrpl.libxrpl.core
+        xrpl.libxrpl.rdb
+        xrpl.libxrpl.resource
+)
+
+add_module(xrpl conditions)
+target_link_libraries(xrpl.libxrpl.conditions PUBLIC xrpl.libxrpl.server)
+
+add_module(xrpl ledger)
+target_link_libraries(
+    xrpl.libxrpl.ledger
+    PUBLIC
+        xrpl.libxrpl.basics
+        xrpl.libxrpl.json
+        xrpl.libxrpl.protocol
+        xrpl.libxrpl.protocol_autogen
+        xrpl.libxrpl.rdb
+        xrpl.libxrpl.server
+        xrpl.libxrpl.shamap
+        xrpl.libxrpl.conditions
+)
+
+add_module(xrpl tx)
+target_link_libraries(xrpl.libxrpl.tx PUBLIC xrpl.libxrpl.ledger)
+
+# Telemetry module — OpenTelemetry distributed tracing support.
+# Sources: include/xrpl/telemetry/ (headers), src/libxrpl/telemetry/ (impl).
+# When telemetry=ON, links the Conan-provided umbrella target
+# opentelemetry-cpp::opentelemetry-cpp (individual component targets like
+# ::api, ::sdk are not available in the Conan package).
+add_module(xrpl telemetry)
+target_link_libraries(
+    xrpl.libxrpl.telemetry
+    PUBLIC xrpl.libxrpl.basics xrpl.libxrpl.beast
+)
+if(telemetry)
+    target_link_libraries(
+        xrpl.libxrpl.telemetry
+        PUBLIC opentelemetry-cpp::opentelemetry-cpp
+    )
+endif()
+
 add_library(xrpl.libxrpl)
 set_target_properties(xrpl.libxrpl PROPERTIES OUTPUT_NAME xrpl)
 
 add_library(xrpl::libxrpl ALIAS xrpl.libxrpl)
 
-file(GLOB_RECURSE sources CONFIGURE_DEPENDS
-  "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/libxrpl/*.cpp"
+file(
+    GLOB_RECURSE sources
+    CONFIGURE_DEPENDS
+    "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/libxrpl/*.cpp"
 )
 target_sources(xrpl.libxrpl PRIVATE ${sources})
 
-target_link_modules(xrpl PUBLIC
-  basics
-  beast
-  core
-  crypto
-  json
-  protocol
-  resource
-  server
-  nodestore
-  shamap
-  net
-  ledger
+target_link_modules(
+    xrpl
+    PUBLIC
+    basics
+    beast
+    conditions
+    core
+    crypto
+    git
+    json
+    ledger
+    net
+    nodestore
+    protocol
+    protocol_autogen
+    rdb
+    resource
+    server
+    shamap
+    telemetry
+    tx
 )
 
 # All headers in libxrpl are in modules.
@@ -174,62 +254,50 @@ target_link_modules(xrpl PUBLIC
 #     $<INSTALL_INTERFACE:include>)
 
 if(xrpld)
-  add_executable(xrpld)
-  if(tests)
-    target_compile_definitions(xrpld PUBLIC ENABLE_TESTS)
-    target_compile_definitions(xrpld PRIVATE
-                                       UNIT_TEST_REFERENCE_FEE=${UNIT_TEST_REFERENCE_FEE}
+    add_executable(xrpld)
+    if(tests)
+        target_compile_definitions(xrpld PUBLIC ENABLE_TESTS)
+        target_compile_definitions(
+            xrpld
+            PRIVATE UNIT_TEST_REFERENCE_FEE=${UNIT_TEST_REFERENCE_FEE}
+        )
+    endif()
+    target_include_directories(
+        xrpld
+        PRIVATE $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/src>
     )
-  endif()
-  target_include_directories(xrpld
-    PRIVATE
-      $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/src>
-  )
 
-  file(GLOB_RECURSE sources CONFIGURE_DEPENDS
-    "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/xrpld/*.cpp"
-  )
-  target_sources(xrpld PRIVATE ${sources})
-
-  if(tests)
-    file(GLOB_RECURSE sources CONFIGURE_DEPENDS
-      "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/test/*.cpp"
+    file(
+        GLOB_RECURSE sources
+        CONFIGURE_DEPENDS
+        "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/xrpld/*.cpp"
     )
     target_sources(xrpld PRIVATE ${sources})
-  endif()
 
-  target_link_libraries(xrpld
-    Xrpl::boost
-    Xrpl::opts
-    Xrpl::libs
-    xrpl.libxrpl
-  )
-  exclude_if_included(xrpld)
-  # define a macro for tests that might need to
-  # be excluded or run differently in CI environment
-  if(is_ci)
-    target_compile_definitions(xrpld PRIVATE XRPL_RUNNING_IN_CI)
-  endif ()
+    if(tests)
+        file(
+            GLOB_RECURSE sources
+            CONFIGURE_DEPENDS
+            "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/test/*.cpp"
+        )
+        target_sources(xrpld PRIVATE ${sources})
+    endif()
 
-  if(voidstar)
-    target_compile_options(xrpld
-      PRIVATE
-        -fsanitize-coverage=trace-pc-guard
-    )
-    # xrpld requires access to antithesis-sdk-cpp implementation file
-    # antithesis_instrumentation.h, which is not exported as INTERFACE
-    target_include_directories(xrpld
-      PRIVATE
-        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/external/antithesis-sdk
-    )
-  endif()
+    target_link_libraries(xrpld Xrpl::boost Xrpl::opts Xrpl::libs xrpl.libxrpl)
+    exclude_if_included(xrpld)
+    # define a macro for tests that might need to
+    # be excluded or run differently in CI environment
+    if(is_ci)
+        target_compile_definitions(xrpld PRIVATE XRPL_RUNNING_IN_CI)
+    endif()
 
-  # any files that don't play well with unity should be added here
-  if(tests)
-    set_source_files_properties(
-      # these two seem to produce conflicts in beast teardown template methods
-      src/test/rpc/ValidatorRPC_test.cpp
-      src/test/ledger/Invariants_test.cpp
-      PROPERTIES SKIP_UNITY_BUILD_INCLUSION TRUE)
-  endif()
+    if(voidstar)
+        target_compile_options(xrpld PRIVATE -fsanitize-coverage=trace-pc-guard)
+        # xrpld requires access to antithesis-sdk-cpp implementation file
+        # antithesis_instrumentation.h, which is not exported as INTERFACE
+        target_include_directories(
+            xrpld
+            PRIVATE ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/external/antithesis-sdk
+        )
+    endif()
 endif()

cmake/XrplCov.cmake

@@ -3,12 +3,15 @@
 #]===================================================================]
 
 if(NOT coverage)
-  message(FATAL_ERROR "Code coverage not enabled! Aborting ...")
+    message(FATAL_ERROR "Code coverage not enabled! Aborting ...")
 endif()
 
 if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID MATCHES "MSVC")
-  message(WARNING "Code coverage on Windows is not supported, ignoring 'coverage' flag")
-  return()
+    message(
+        WARNING
+        "Code coverage on Windows is not supported, ignoring 'coverage' flag"
+    )
+    return()
 endif()
 
 include(ProcessorCount)
@@ -16,26 +19,35 @@ ProcessorCount(PROCESSOR_COUNT)
 
 include(CodeCoverage)
 
-# The instructions for these commands come from the `CodeCoverage` module,
-# which was copied from https://github.com/bilke/cmake-modules, commit fb7d2a3,
-# then locally changed (see CHANGES: section in `CodeCoverage.cmake`)
+# The instructions for these commands come from the `CodeCoverage` module, which was copied from
+# https://github.com/bilke/cmake-modules, commit fb7d2a3, then locally changed (see CHANGES: section in
+# `CodeCoverage.cmake`)
 
 set(GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS ${coverage_extra_args})
 if(NOT GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS STREQUAL "")
-  separate_arguments(GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS)
+    separate_arguments(GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS)
 endif()
 
-list(APPEND GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS
-  --exclude-throw-branches
-  --exclude-noncode-lines
-  --exclude-unreachable-branches -s
-  -j ${PROCESSOR_COUNT})
+list(
+    APPEND GCOVR_ADDITIONAL_ARGS
+    --exclude-throw-branches
+    --exclude-noncode-lines
+    --exclude-unreachable-branches
+    -s
+    -j
+    ${PROCESSOR_COUNT}
+)
 
 setup_target_for_coverage_gcovr(
-  NAME coverage
-  FORMAT ${coverage_format}
-  EXCLUDE "src/test" "src/tests" "include/xrpl/beast/test" "include/xrpl/beast/unit_test" "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/pb-xrpl.libpb"
-  DEPENDENCIES xrpld xrpl.tests
+    NAME coverage
+    FORMAT ${coverage_format}
+    EXCLUDE
+        "src/test"
+        "src/tests"
+        "include/xrpl/beast/test"
+        "include/xrpl/beast/unit_test"
+        "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/pb-xrpl.libpb"
+    DEPENDENCIES xrpld xrpl.tests
 )
 
 add_code_coverage_to_target(opts INTERFACE)

cmake/XrplDocs.cmake

@@ -3,13 +3,13 @@
 #]===================================================================]
 
 if(NOT only_docs)
-  return()
+    return()
 endif()
 
 find_package(Doxygen)
 if(NOT TARGET Doxygen::doxygen)
-  message(STATUS "doxygen executable not found -- skipping docs target")
-  return()
+    message(STATUS "doxygen executable not found -- skipping docs target")
+    return()
 endif()
 
 set(doxygen_output_directory "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/docs")
@@ -17,40 +17,44 @@ set(doxygen_include_path "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/src")
 set(doxygen_index_file "${doxygen_output_directory}/html/index.html")
 set(doxyfile "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/docs/Doxyfile")
 
-file(GLOB_RECURSE doxygen_input
-  docs/*.md
-  include/*.h
-  include/*.cpp
-  include/*.md
-  src/*.h
-  src/*.cpp
-  src/*.md
-  Builds/*.md
-  *.md)
-list(APPEND doxygen_input
-  external/README.md
-  )
+file(
+    GLOB_RECURSE doxygen_input
+    docs/*.md
+    include/*.h
+    include/*.cpp
+    include/*.md
+    src/*.h
+    src/*.cpp
+    src/*.md
+    Builds/*.md
+    *.md
+)
+list(APPEND doxygen_input external/README.md)
 set(dependencies "${doxygen_input}" "${doxyfile}")
 
 function(verbose_find_path variable name)
-  # find_path sets a CACHE variable, so don't try using a "local" variable.
-  find_path(${variable} "${name}" ${ARGN})
-  if(NOT ${variable})
-    message(NOTICE "could not find ${name}")
-  else()
-    message(STATUS "found ${name}: ${${variable}}/${name}")
-  endif()
+    # find_path sets a CACHE variable, so don't try using a "local" variable.
+    find_path(${variable} "${name}" ${ARGN})
+    if(NOT ${variable})
+        message(NOTICE "could not find ${name}")
+    else()
+        message(STATUS "found ${name}: ${${variable}}/${name}")
+    endif()
 endfunction()
 
-verbose_find_path(doxygen_plantuml_jar_path plantuml.jar PATH_SUFFIXES share/plantuml)
+verbose_find_path(
+    doxygen_plantuml_jar_path
+    plantuml.jar
+    PATH_SUFFIXES share/plantuml
+)
 verbose_find_path(doxygen_dot_path dot)
 
 # https://en.cppreference.com/w/Cppreference:Archives
 # https://stackoverflow.com/questions/60822559/how-to-move-a-file-download-from-configure-step-to-build-step
 set(download_script "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/docs/download-cppreference.cmake")
-file(WRITE
-  "${download_script}"
-  "file(DOWNLOAD \
+file(
+    WRITE "${download_script}"
+    "file(DOWNLOAD \
     https://github.com/PeterFeicht/cppreference-doc/releases/download/v20250209/html-book-20250209.zip \
     ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/docs/cppreference.zip \
     EXPECTED_HASH MD5=bda585f72fbca4b817b29a3d5746567b \
@@ -61,23 +65,27 @@ file(WRITE
 )
 set(tagfile "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/docs/cppreference-doxygen-web.tag.xml")
 add_custom_command(
-  OUTPUT "${tagfile}"
-  COMMAND "${CMAKE_COMMAND}" -P "${download_script}"
-  WORKING_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/docs"
+    OUTPUT "${tagfile}"
+    COMMAND "${CMAKE_COMMAND}" -P "${download_script}"
+    WORKING_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/docs"
 )
 set(doxygen_tagfiles "${tagfile}=http://en.cppreference.com/w/")
 
 add_custom_command(
-  OUTPUT "${doxygen_index_file}"
-  COMMAND "${CMAKE_COMMAND}" -E env
-    "DOXYGEN_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY=${doxygen_output_directory}"
-    "DOXYGEN_INCLUDE_PATH=${doxygen_include_path}"
-    "DOXYGEN_TAGFILES=${doxygen_tagfiles}"
-    "DOXYGEN_PLANTUML_JAR_PATH=${doxygen_plantuml_jar_path}"
-    "DOXYGEN_DOT_PATH=${doxygen_dot_path}"
-    "${DOXYGEN_EXECUTABLE}" "${doxyfile}"
-  WORKING_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}"
-  DEPENDS "${dependencies}" "${tagfile}")
-add_custom_target(docs
-  DEPENDS "${doxygen_index_file}"
-  SOURCES "${dependencies}")
+    OUTPUT "${doxygen_index_file}"
+    COMMAND
+        "${CMAKE_COMMAND}" -E env
+        "DOXYGEN_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY=${doxygen_output_directory}"
+        "DOXYGEN_INCLUDE_PATH=${doxygen_include_path}"
+        "DOXYGEN_TAGFILES=${doxygen_tagfiles}"
+        "DOXYGEN_PLANTUML_JAR_PATH=${doxygen_plantuml_jar_path}"
+        "DOXYGEN_DOT_PATH=${doxygen_dot_path}" "${DOXYGEN_EXECUTABLE}"
+        "${doxyfile}"
+    WORKING_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}"
+    DEPENDS "${dependencies}" "${tagfile}"
+)
+add_custom_target(
+    docs
+    DEPENDS "${doxygen_index_file}"
+    SOURCES "${dependencies}"
+)

cmake/XrplInstall.cmake

@@ -2,79 +2,38 @@
    install stuff
 #]===================================================================]
 
-include(create_symbolic_link)
+include(GNUInstallDirs)
 
-install (
-  TARGETS
-    common
-    opts
-    xrpl_boost
-    xrpl_libs
-    xrpl_syslibs
-    xrpl.imports.main
-    xrpl.libpb
-    xrpl.libxrpl
-    xrpl.libxrpl.basics
-    xrpl.libxrpl.beast
-    xrpl.libxrpl.core
-    xrpl.libxrpl.crypto
-    xrpl.libxrpl.json
-    xrpl.libxrpl.ledger
-    xrpl.libxrpl.net
-    xrpl.libxrpl.nodestore
-    xrpl.libxrpl.protocol
-    xrpl.libxrpl.resource
-    xrpl.libxrpl.server
-    xrpl.libxrpl.shamap
-    antithesis-sdk-cpp
-  EXPORT XrplExports
-  LIBRARY DESTINATION lib
-  ARCHIVE DESTINATION lib
-  RUNTIME DESTINATION bin
-  INCLUDES DESTINATION include)
+if(is_root_project AND TARGET xrpld)
+    install(
+        TARGETS xrpld
+        RUNTIME DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR}" COMPONENT runtime
+    )
+
+    install(
+        FILES "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/cfg/xrpld-example.cfg"
+        DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_SYSCONFDIR}/xrpld"
+        RENAME xrpld.cfg
+        COMPONENT runtime
+    )
+
+    install(
+        FILES "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/cfg/validators-example.txt"
+        DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_SYSCONFDIR}/xrpld"
+        RENAME validators.txt
+        COMPONENT runtime
+    )
+endif()
 
 install(
-  DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/xrpl"
-  DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR}"
+    TARGETS xrpl.libpb xrpl.libxrpl
+    LIBRARY DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}" COMPONENT development
+    ARCHIVE DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}" COMPONENT development
+    RUNTIME DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR}" COMPONENT development
 )
 
-install (EXPORT XrplExports
-  FILE XrplTargets.cmake
-  NAMESPACE Xrpl::
-  DESTINATION lib/cmake/xrpl)
-include (CMakePackageConfigHelpers)
-write_basic_package_version_file (
-  XrplConfigVersion.cmake
-  VERSION ${xrpld_version}
-  COMPATIBILITY SameMajorVersion)
-
-if (is_root_project AND TARGET xrpld)
-  install (TARGETS xrpld RUNTIME DESTINATION bin)
-  set_target_properties(xrpld PROPERTIES INSTALL_RPATH_USE_LINK_PATH ON)
-  # sample configs should not overwrite existing files
-  # install if-not-exists workaround as suggested by
-  # https://cmake.org/Bug/view.php?id=12646
-  install(CODE "
-    macro (copy_if_not_exists SRC DEST NEWNAME)
-      if (NOT EXISTS \"\$ENV{DESTDIR}\${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/\${DEST}/\${NEWNAME}\")
-        file (INSTALL FILE_PERMISSIONS OWNER_READ OWNER_WRITE DESTINATION \"\${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/\${DEST}\" FILES \"\${SRC}\" RENAME \"\${NEWNAME}\")
-      else ()
-        message (\"-- Skipping : \$ENV{DESTDIR}\${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/\${DEST}/\${NEWNAME}\")
-      endif ()
-    endmacro()
-    copy_if_not_exists(\"${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/cfg/xrpld-example.cfg\" etc xrpld.cfg)
-    copy_if_not_exists(\"${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/cfg/validators-example.txt\" etc validators.txt)
-  ")
-  install(CODE "
-    set(CMAKE_MODULE_PATH \"${CMAKE_MODULE_PATH}\")
-    include(create_symbolic_link)
-    create_symbolic_link(xrpld${suffix} \
-       \$ENV{DESTDIR}\${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR}/rippled${suffix})
-  ")
-endif ()
-
-install (
-  FILES
-    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/cmake/XrplConfig.cmake
-    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/XrplConfigVersion.cmake
-  DESTINATION lib/cmake/xrpl)
+install(
+    DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/xrpl"
+    DESTINATION "${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR}"
+    COMPONENT development
+)

cmake/XrplInterface.cmake

@@ -4,80 +4,93 @@
 
 include(CompilationEnv)
 
-add_library (opts INTERFACE)
-add_library (Xrpl::opts ALIAS opts)
-target_compile_definitions (opts
-  INTERFACE
-    BOOST_ASIO_DISABLE_HANDLER_TYPE_REQUIREMENTS
-    BOOST_ASIO_USE_TS_EXECUTOR_AS_DEFAULT
-    BOOST_CONTAINER_FWD_BAD_DEQUE
-    HAS_UNCAUGHT_EXCEPTIONS=1
-    $<$<BOOL:${boost_show_deprecated}>:
-      BOOST_ASIO_NO_DEPRECATED
-      BOOST_FILESYSTEM_NO_DEPRECATED
-    >
-    $<$<NOT:$<BOOL:${boost_show_deprecated}>>:
-      BOOST_COROUTINES_NO_DEPRECATION_WARNING
-      BOOST_BEAST_ALLOW_DEPRECATED
-      BOOST_FILESYSTEM_DEPRECATED
-    >
-    $<$<BOOL:${beast_no_unit_test_inline}>:BEAST_NO_UNIT_TEST_INLINE=1>
-    $<$<BOOL:${beast_disable_autolink}>:BEAST_DONT_AUTOLINK_TO_WIN32_LIBRARIES=1>
-    $<$<BOOL:${single_io_service_thread}>:XRPL_SINGLE_IO_SERVICE_THREAD=1>
-    $<$<BOOL:${voidstar}>:ENABLE_VOIDSTAR>)
-target_compile_options (opts
-  INTERFACE
-    $<$<AND:$<BOOL:${is_gcc}>,$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>>:-Wsuggest-override>
-    $<$<BOOL:${is_gcc}>:-Wno-maybe-uninitialized>
-    $<$<BOOL:${perf}>:-fno-omit-frame-pointer>
-    $<$<BOOL:${profile}>:-pg>
-    $<$<AND:$<BOOL:${is_gcc}>,$<BOOL:${profile}>>:-p>)
+# Set defaults for optional variables to avoid uninitialized variable warnings
+if(NOT DEFINED voidstar)
+    set(voidstar OFF)
+endif()
 
-target_link_libraries (opts
-  INTERFACE
-    $<$<BOOL:${profile}>:-pg>
-    $<$<AND:$<BOOL:${is_gcc}>,$<BOOL:${profile}>>:-p>)
+add_library(opts INTERFACE)
+add_library(Xrpl::opts ALIAS opts)
+target_compile_definitions(
+    opts
+    INTERFACE
+        BOOST_ASIO_DISABLE_HANDLER_TYPE_REQUIREMENTS
+        BOOST_ASIO_USE_TS_EXECUTOR_AS_DEFAULT
+        BOOST_CONTAINER_FWD_BAD_DEQUE
+        HAS_UNCAUGHT_EXCEPTIONS=1
+        $<$<BOOL:${boost_show_deprecated}>:
+        BOOST_ASIO_NO_DEPRECATED
+        BOOST_FILESYSTEM_NO_DEPRECATED
+        >
+        $<$<NOT:$<BOOL:${boost_show_deprecated}>>:
+        BOOST_COROUTINES2_NO_DEPRECATION_WARNING
+        BOOST_BEAST_ALLOW_DEPRECATED
+        BOOST_FILESYSTEM_DEPRECATED
+        >
+        $<$<BOOL:${beast_no_unit_test_inline}>:BEAST_NO_UNIT_TEST_INLINE=1>
+        $<$<BOOL:${beast_disable_autolink}>:BEAST_DONT_AUTOLINK_TO_WIN32_LIBRARIES=1>
+        $<$<BOOL:${single_io_service_thread}>:XRPL_SINGLE_IO_SERVICE_THREAD=1>
+        $<$<BOOL:${voidstar}>:ENABLE_VOIDSTAR>
+)
+target_compile_options(
+    opts
+    INTERFACE
+        $<$<AND:$<BOOL:${is_gcc}>,$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>>:-Wsuggest-override>
+        $<$<BOOL:${is_gcc}>:-Wno-maybe-uninitialized>
+        $<$<BOOL:${perf}>:-fno-omit-frame-pointer>
+        $<$<BOOL:${profile}>:-pg>
+        $<$<AND:$<BOOL:${is_gcc}>,$<BOOL:${profile}>>:-p>
+)
+
+target_link_libraries(
+    opts
+    INTERFACE
+        $<$<BOOL:${profile}>:-pg>
+        $<$<AND:$<BOOL:${is_gcc}>,$<BOOL:${profile}>>:-p>
+)
 
 if(jemalloc)
-  find_package(jemalloc REQUIRED)
-  target_compile_definitions(opts INTERFACE PROFILE_JEMALLOC)
-  target_link_libraries(opts INTERFACE jemalloc::jemalloc)
-endif ()
+    find_package(jemalloc REQUIRED)
+    target_compile_definitions(opts INTERFACE PROFILE_JEMALLOC)
+    target_link_libraries(opts INTERFACE jemalloc::jemalloc)
+endif()
 
 #[===================================================================[
    xrpld transitive library deps via an interface library
 #]===================================================================]
 
-add_library (xrpl_syslibs INTERFACE)
-add_library (Xrpl::syslibs ALIAS xrpl_syslibs)
-target_link_libraries (xrpl_syslibs
-  INTERFACE
-    $<$<BOOL:${MSVC}>:
-      legacy_stdio_definitions.lib
-      Shlwapi
-      kernel32
-      user32
-      gdi32
-      winspool
-      comdlg32
-      advapi32
-      shell32
-      ole32
-      oleaut32
-      uuid
-      odbc32
-      odbccp32
-      crypt32
-    >
-    $<$<NOT:$<BOOL:${MSVC}>>:dl>
-    $<$<NOT:$<OR:$<BOOL:${MSVC}>,$<BOOL:${APPLE}>>>:rt>)
+add_library(xrpl_syslibs INTERFACE)
+add_library(Xrpl::syslibs ALIAS xrpl_syslibs)
+target_link_libraries(
+    xrpl_syslibs
+    INTERFACE
+        $<$<BOOL:${is_msvc}>:
+        legacy_stdio_definitions.lib
+        Shlwapi
+        kernel32
+        user32
+        gdi32
+        winspool
+        comdlg32
+        advapi32
+        shell32
+        ole32
+        oleaut32
+        uuid
+        odbc32
+        odbccp32
+        crypt32
+        >
+        $<$<NOT:$<BOOL:${is_msvc}>>:dl>
+        $<$<NOT:$<OR:$<BOOL:${is_msvc}>,$<BOOL:${is_macos}>>>:rt>
+)
 
-if (NOT MSVC)
-  set (THREADS_PREFER_PTHREAD_FLAG ON)
-  find_package (Threads)
-  target_link_libraries (xrpl_syslibs INTERFACE Threads::Threads)
-endif ()
+if(NOT is_msvc)
+    set(THREADS_PREFER_PTHREAD_FLAG ON)
+    find_package(Threads)
+    target_link_libraries(xrpl_syslibs INTERFACE Threads::Threads)
+endif()
 
-add_library (xrpl_libs INTERFACE)
-add_library (Xrpl::libs ALIAS xrpl_libs)
-target_link_libraries (xrpl_libs INTERFACE Xrpl::syslibs)
+add_library(xrpl_libs INTERFACE)
+add_library(Xrpl::libs ALIAS xrpl_libs)
+target_link_libraries(xrpl_libs INTERFACE Xrpl::syslibs)

cmake/XrplProtocolAutogen.cmake

@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+#[===================================================================[
+   Protocol Autogen - Code generation for protocol wrapper classes
+#]===================================================================]
+
+set(CODEGEN_VENV_DIR
+    "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/.venv"
+    CACHE PATH
+    "Path to a Python virtual environment for code generation. A venv will be created here by setup_code_gen and used to run generation scripts."
+)
+
+# Directory paths
+set(MACRO_DIR "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/xrpl/protocol/detail")
+set(AUTOGEN_HEADER_DIR
+    "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/xrpl/protocol_autogen"
+)
+set(AUTOGEN_TEST_DIR
+    "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/tests/libxrpl/protocol_autogen"
+)
+set(SCRIPTS_DIR "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/cmake/scripts/codegen")
+
+# Input macro files
+set(TRANSACTIONS_MACRO "${MACRO_DIR}/transactions.macro")
+set(LEDGER_ENTRIES_MACRO "${MACRO_DIR}/ledger_entries.macro")
+set(SFIELDS_MACRO "${MACRO_DIR}/sfields.macro")
+
+# Python scripts and templates
+set(GENERATE_TX_SCRIPT "${SCRIPTS_DIR}/generate_tx_classes.py")
+set(GENERATE_LEDGER_SCRIPT "${SCRIPTS_DIR}/generate_ledger_classes.py")
+set(REQUIREMENTS_FILE "${SCRIPTS_DIR}/requirements.txt")
+set(MACRO_PARSER_COMMON "${SCRIPTS_DIR}/macro_parser_common.py")
+set(TX_TEMPLATE "${SCRIPTS_DIR}/templates/Transaction.h.mako")
+set(TX_TEST_TEMPLATE "${SCRIPTS_DIR}/templates/TransactionTests.cpp.mako")
+set(LEDGER_TEMPLATE "${SCRIPTS_DIR}/templates/LedgerEntry.h.mako")
+set(LEDGER_TEST_TEMPLATE "${SCRIPTS_DIR}/templates/LedgerEntryTests.cpp.mako")
+set(ALL_INPUT_FILES
+    "${TRANSACTIONS_MACRO}"
+    "${LEDGER_ENTRIES_MACRO}"
+    "${SFIELDS_MACRO}"
+    "${GENERATE_TX_SCRIPT}"
+    "${GENERATE_LEDGER_SCRIPT}"
+    "${REQUIREMENTS_FILE}"
+    "${MACRO_PARSER_COMMON}"
+    "${TX_TEMPLATE}"
+    "${TX_TEST_TEMPLATE}"
+    "${LEDGER_TEMPLATE}"
+    "${LEDGER_TEST_TEMPLATE}"
+)
+
+# Create output directories
+file(MAKE_DIRECTORY "${AUTOGEN_HEADER_DIR}/transactions")
+file(MAKE_DIRECTORY "${AUTOGEN_HEADER_DIR}/ledger_entries")
+file(MAKE_DIRECTORY "${AUTOGEN_TEST_DIR}/ledger_entries")
+file(MAKE_DIRECTORY "${AUTOGEN_TEST_DIR}/transactions")
+
+# Find Python3
+if(NOT Python3_EXECUTABLE)
+    find_package(Python3 COMPONENTS Interpreter QUIET)
+endif()
+
+if(NOT Python3_EXECUTABLE)
+    find_program(Python3_EXECUTABLE NAMES python3 python)
+endif()
+
+if(NOT Python3_EXECUTABLE)
+    message(
+        WARNING
+        "Python3 not found. The 'code_gen' and 'setup_code_gen' targets will not be available."
+    )
+    return()
+endif()
+
+# Warn if pip is configured with a non-default index (may need VPN).
+execute_process(
+    COMMAND ${Python3_EXECUTABLE} -m pip config get global.index-url
+    OUTPUT_VARIABLE PIP_INDEX_URL
+    OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE
+    ERROR_QUIET
+    RESULT_VARIABLE PIP_CONFIG_RESULT
+)
+if(PIP_CONFIG_RESULT EQUAL 0 AND PIP_INDEX_URL)
+    if(
+        NOT PIP_INDEX_URL STREQUAL "https://pypi.org/simple"
+        AND NOT PIP_INDEX_URL STREQUAL "https://pypi.python.org/simple"
+    )
+        message(
+            WARNING
+            "Private pip index URL detected: ${PIP_INDEX_URL}\n"
+            "You may need to connect to VPN to access this URL."
+        )
+    endif()
+endif()
+
+# Determine which Python interpreter to use for code generation.
+if(CODEGEN_VENV_DIR)
+    if(WIN32)
+        set(CODEGEN_PYTHON "${CODEGEN_VENV_DIR}/Scripts/python.exe")
+    else()
+        set(CODEGEN_PYTHON "${CODEGEN_VENV_DIR}/bin/python")
+    endif()
+else()
+    set(CODEGEN_PYTHON "${Python3_EXECUTABLE}")
+    message(
+        WARNING
+        "CODEGEN_VENV_DIR is not set. Dependencies will be installed globally.\n"
+        "If this is not intended, reconfigure with:\n"
+        "  cmake . -UCODEGEN_VENV_DIR"
+    )
+endif()
+
+# Custom target to create a venv and install Python dependencies.
+# Run manually with: cmake --build . --target setup_code_gen
+if(CODEGEN_VENV_DIR)
+    add_custom_target(
+        setup_code_gen
+        COMMAND ${Python3_EXECUTABLE} -m venv "${CODEGEN_VENV_DIR}"
+        COMMAND ${CODEGEN_PYTHON} -m pip install -r "${REQUIREMENTS_FILE}"
+        WORKING_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}"
+        COMMENT "Creating venv and installing code generation dependencies..."
+    )
+else()
+    add_custom_target(
+        setup_code_gen
+        COMMAND ${Python3_EXECUTABLE} -m pip install -r "${REQUIREMENTS_FILE}"
+        WORKING_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}"
+        COMMENT "Installing code generation dependencies..."
+    )
+endif()
+
+# Custom target for code generation, excluded from ALL.
+# Run manually with: cmake --build . --target code_gen
+add_custom_target(
+    code_gen
+    COMMAND
+        ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -DCODEGEN_PYTHON=${CODEGEN_PYTHON}
+        -DGENERATE_TX_SCRIPT=${GENERATE_TX_SCRIPT}
+        -DGENERATE_LEDGER_SCRIPT=${GENERATE_LEDGER_SCRIPT}
+        -DTRANSACTIONS_MACRO=${TRANSACTIONS_MACRO}
+        -DLEDGER_ENTRIES_MACRO=${LEDGER_ENTRIES_MACRO}
+        -DSFIELDS_MACRO=${SFIELDS_MACRO}
+        -DAUTOGEN_HEADER_DIR=${AUTOGEN_HEADER_DIR}
+        -DAUTOGEN_TEST_DIR=${AUTOGEN_TEST_DIR} -P
+        "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/cmake/XrplProtocolAutogenRun.cmake"
+    WORKING_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}"
+    COMMENT "Running protocol code generation..."
+    SOURCES ${ALL_INPUT_FILES}
+)

cmake/XrplProtocolAutogenRun.cmake

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#[===================================================================[
+   Protocol Autogen - Run script invoked by the 'code_gen' target
+#]===================================================================]
+
+# Generate transaction classes.
+execute_process(
+    COMMAND
+        ${CODEGEN_PYTHON} "${GENERATE_TX_SCRIPT}" "${TRANSACTIONS_MACRO}"
+        --header-dir "${AUTOGEN_HEADER_DIR}/transactions" --test-dir
+        "${AUTOGEN_TEST_DIR}/transactions" --sfields-macro "${SFIELDS_MACRO}"
+    RESULT_VARIABLE TX_RESULT
+    OUTPUT_VARIABLE TX_OUTPUT
+    ERROR_VARIABLE TX_ERROR
+)
+if(NOT TX_RESULT EQUAL 0)
+    message(
+        FATAL_ERROR
+        "Transaction code generation failed:\n${TX_OUTPUT}\n${TX_ERROR}\n${TX_RESULT}"
+    )
+endif()
+
+# Generate ledger entry classes.
+execute_process(
+    COMMAND
+        ${CODEGEN_PYTHON} "${GENERATE_LEDGER_SCRIPT}" "${LEDGER_ENTRIES_MACRO}"
+        --header-dir "${AUTOGEN_HEADER_DIR}/ledger_entries" --test-dir
+        "${AUTOGEN_TEST_DIR}/ledger_entries" --sfields-macro "${SFIELDS_MACRO}"
+    RESULT_VARIABLE LEDGER_RESULT
+    OUTPUT_VARIABLE LEDGER_OUTPUT
+    ERROR_VARIABLE LEDGER_ERROR
+)
+if(NOT LEDGER_RESULT EQUAL 0)
+    message(
+        FATAL_ERROR
+        "Ledger entry code generation failed:\n${LEDGER_OUTPUT}\n${LEDGER_ERROR}\n${TX_RESULT}"
+    )
+endif()
+
+message(STATUS "Protocol autogen: code generation complete")

cmake/XrplSanitizers.cmake

@@ -43,7 +43,10 @@
 include(CompilationEnv)
 
 # Read environment variable
-set(SANITIZERS $ENV{SANITIZERS})
+set(SANITIZERS "")
+if(DEFINED ENV{SANITIZERS})
+    set(SANITIZERS "$ENV{SANITIZERS}")
+endif()
 
 # Set SANITIZERS_ENABLED flag for use in other modules
 if(SANITIZERS MATCHES "address|thread|undefinedbehavior")
@@ -55,8 +58,11 @@ endif()
 
 # Sanitizers are not supported on Windows/MSVC
 if(is_msvc)
-    message(FATAL_ERROR "Sanitizers are not supported on Windows/MSVC. "
-            "Please unset the SANITIZERS environment variable.")
+    message(
+        FATAL_ERROR
+        "Sanitizers are not supported on Windows/MSVC. "
+        "Please unset the SANITIZERS environment variable."
+    )
 endif()
 
 message(STATUS "Configuring sanitizers: ${SANITIZERS}")
@@ -79,15 +85,21 @@ foreach(san IN LISTS san_list)
     elseif(san STREQUAL "undefinedbehavior")
         set(enable_ubsan TRUE)
     else()
-        message(FATAL_ERROR "Unsupported sanitizer type: ${san}"
-              "Supported: address, thread, undefinedbehavior and their combinations.")
+        message(
+            FATAL_ERROR
+            "Unsupported sanitizer type: ${san}"
+            "Supported: address, thread, undefinedbehavior and their combinations."
+        )
     endif()
 endforeach()
 
 # Validate sanitizer compatibility
 if(enable_asan AND enable_tsan)
-    message(FATAL_ERROR "AddressSanitizer and ThreadSanitizer are incompatible and cannot be enabled simultaneously. "
-          "Use 'address' or 'thread', optionally with 'undefinedbehavior'.")
+    message(
+        FATAL_ERROR
+        "AddressSanitizer and ThreadSanitizer are incompatible and cannot be enabled simultaneously. "
+        "Use 'address' or 'thread', optionally with 'undefinedbehavior'."
+    )
 endif()
 
 # Frame pointer is required for meaningful stack traces. Sanitizers recommend minimum of -O1 for reasonable performance
@@ -106,25 +118,28 @@ if(enable_ubsan)
     # UB sanitizer flags
     list(APPEND SANITIZER_TYPES "undefined" "float-divide-by-zero")
     if(is_clang)
-        # Clang supports additional UB checks. More info here https://clang.llvm.org/docs/UndefinedBehaviorSanitizer.html
+        # Clang supports additional UB checks. More info here
+        # https://clang.llvm.org/docs/UndefinedBehaviorSanitizer.html
         list(APPEND SANITIZER_TYPES "unsigned-integer-overflow")
     endif()
 endif()
 
-# Configure code model for GCC on amd64
-# Use large code model for ASAN to avoid relocation errors
-# Use medium code model for TSAN (large is not compatible with TSAN)
+# Configure code model for GCC on amd64 Use large code model for ASAN to avoid relocation errors Use medium code model
+# for TSAN (large is not compatible with TSAN)
 set(SANITIZERS_RELOCATION_FLAGS)
 
 # Compiler-specific configuration
 if(is_gcc)
-    # Disable mold, gold and lld linkers for GCC with sanitizers
-    # Use default linker (bfd/ld) which is more lenient with mixed code models
-    # This is needed since the size of instrumented binary exceeds the limits set by mold, lld and gold linkers
+    # Disable mold, gold and lld linkers for GCC with sanitizers Use default linker (bfd/ld) which is more lenient with
+    # mixed code models This is needed since the size of instrumented binary exceeds the limits set by mold, lld and
+    # gold linkers
     set(use_mold OFF CACHE BOOL "Use mold linker" FORCE)
     set(use_gold OFF CACHE BOOL "Use gold linker" FORCE)
     set(use_lld OFF CACHE BOOL "Use lld linker" FORCE)
-    message(STATUS "  Disabled mold, gold, and lld linkers for GCC with sanitizers")
+    message(
+        STATUS
+        "  Disabled mold, gold, and lld linkers for GCC with sanitizers"
+    )
 
     # Suppress false positive warnings in GCC with stringop-overflow
     list(APPEND SANITIZERS_COMPILE_FLAGS "-Wno-stringop-overflow")
@@ -146,17 +161,26 @@ if(is_gcc)
 
     # Add sanitizer to compile and link flags
     list(APPEND SANITIZERS_COMPILE_FLAGS "-fsanitize=${SANITIZER_TYPES_STR}")
-    set(SANITIZERS_LINK_FLAGS "${SANITIZERS_RELOCATION_FLAGS}" "-fsanitize=${SANITIZER_TYPES_STR}")
-
+    set(SANITIZERS_LINK_FLAGS
+        "${SANITIZERS_RELOCATION_FLAGS}"
+        "-fsanitize=${SANITIZER_TYPES_STR}"
+    )
 elseif(is_clang)
-    # Add ignorelist for Clang (GCC doesn't support this)
-    # Use CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR to get the path to the ignorelist
-    set(IGNORELIST_PATH "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/sanitizers/suppressions/sanitizer-ignorelist.txt")
+    # Add ignorelist for Clang (GCC doesn't support this) Use CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR to get the path to the ignorelist
+    set(IGNORELIST_PATH
+        "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/sanitizers/suppressions/sanitizer-ignorelist.txt"
+    )
     if(NOT EXISTS "${IGNORELIST_PATH}")
-        message(FATAL_ERROR "Sanitizer ignorelist not found: ${IGNORELIST_PATH}")
+        message(
+            FATAL_ERROR
+            "Sanitizer ignorelist not found: ${IGNORELIST_PATH}"
+        )
     endif()
 
-    list(APPEND SANITIZERS_COMPILE_FLAGS "-fsanitize-ignorelist=${IGNORELIST_PATH}")
+    list(
+        APPEND SANITIZERS_COMPILE_FLAGS
+        "-fsanitize-ignorelist=${IGNORELIST_PATH}"
+    )
     message(STATUS "  Using sanitizer ignorelist: ${IGNORELIST_PATH}")
 
     # Join sanitizer flags with commas for -fsanitize option
@@ -170,11 +194,12 @@ endif()
 message(STATUS "  Compile flags: ${SANITIZERS_COMPILE_FLAGS}")
 message(STATUS "  Link flags: ${SANITIZERS_LINK_FLAGS}")
 
-# Apply the sanitizer flags to the 'common' interface library
-# This is the same library used by XrplCompiler.cmake
-target_compile_options(common INTERFACE
-    $<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>:${SANITIZERS_COMPILE_FLAGS}>
-    $<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:C>:${SANITIZERS_COMPILE_FLAGS}>
+# Apply the sanitizer flags to the 'common' interface library This is the same library used by XrplCompiler.cmake
+target_compile_options(
+    common
+    INTERFACE
+        $<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>:${SANITIZERS_COMPILE_FLAGS}>
+        $<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:C>:${SANITIZERS_COMPILE_FLAGS}>
 )
 
 # Apply linker flags