Merge branch 'ripple/smart-escrow' into ripple/se/supported

Conflict resolution:

- features.macro: kept fixCleanup3_4_0 from develop and kept SmartEscrow at
  Supported::Yes, which is the only thing this branch changes.

.cspell.config.yaml

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ ignorePaths:
   - cmake/**
   - LICENSE.md
   - .clang-tidy
+  - src/test/app/wasm_fixtures/**/*.wat
+  - src/test/app/wasm_fixtures/*.c
 language: en
 allowCompoundWords: true # TODO (#6334)
 ignoreRandomStrings: true
@@ -67,6 +69,7 @@ words:
   - Btrfs
   - Buildx
   - canonicality
+  - cdylib
   - canonicalised
   - changespq
   - checkme
@@ -132,6 +135,7 @@ words:
   - godexsoft
   - gpgcheck
   - gpgkey
+  - Hinnant
   - hotwallet
   - hwaddress
   - hwrap
@@ -165,6 +169,7 @@ words:
   - llection
   - LOCALGOOD
   - logwstream
+  - Lombrozo
   - lseq
   - lsmf
   - ltype
@@ -201,6 +206,7 @@ words:
   - nftokens
   - nftpage
   - nikb
+  - Nikolaos
   - nixfmt
   - nixos
   - nixpkgs
@@ -294,6 +300,7 @@ words:
   - STATSDCOLLECTOR
   - stissue
   - stnum
+  - stnumber
   - stobj
   - stobject
   - stpath
@@ -360,6 +367,7 @@ words:
   - wthread
   - xbridge
   - xchain
+  - xfloat
   - ximinez
   - XMACRO
   - xrpkuwait

.github/scripts/strategy-matrix/generate.py

@@ -33,6 +33,10 @@ def get_cmake_args(build_type: str, extra_args: str) -> str:
 # Every config must declare 'minimal'. Minimal configs form the reduced matrix
 # built for pull requests by default; the full matrix adds the rest. Packaging
 # configs declare it too, but packaging is gated in the workflow, not by it.
+#
+# Configs may also opt into 'benchmark' to smoke-run the benchmarks. Note that
+# the flag applies to every entry a config expands into, so only set it on
+# configs that expand to a single combination.
 
 
 @dataclasses.dataclass
@@ -43,6 +47,7 @@ class LinuxConfig:
     build_type: list[str]
     arch: list[str]
     minimal: bool
+    benchmark: bool = False  # if true, smoke-run the benchmarks after testing
     sanitizers: list[str] = dataclasses.field(default_factory=list)
     suffix: str = ""
     extra_cmake_args: str = ""
@@ -81,6 +86,7 @@ class PlatformConfig:
     build_type: list[str]
     minimal: bool
     build_only: bool = False  # if true, skip tests (e.g. macos/Windows Debug)
+    benchmark: bool = False  # if true, smoke-run the benchmarks after testing
     extra_cmake_args: str = ""
 
     def __post_init__(self) -> None:
@@ -125,6 +131,7 @@ class MatrixEntry:
     cmake_args: str
     cmake_target: str
     build_only: bool
+    benchmark: bool
     build_type: str
     architecture: Architecture
     sanitizers: str
@@ -136,7 +143,8 @@ class MatrixEntry:
 class PackagingEntry:
     """One entry in the generated packaging strategy matrix."""
 
-    artifact_name: str
+    xrpld_artifact_name: str
+    validator_keys_artifact_name: str
     image: str
     distro: str  # e.g. "debian" or "rhel"; drives package-format-specific steps
 
@@ -193,6 +201,7 @@ def expand_linux_matrix(linux: LinuxFile, minimal: bool) -> list[MatrixEntry]:
                         cmake_args=get_cmake_args(build_type, cfg.extra_cmake_args),
                         cmake_target="all",
                         build_only=False,
+                        benchmark=cfg.benchmark,
                         build_type=build_type,
                         architecture=arch_info,
                         sanitizers=sanitizer,
@@ -210,14 +219,19 @@ def expand_linux_packaging(linux: LinuxFile) -> list[PackagingEntry]:
     the nix-based build images, because deb/rpm tooling (debhelper, rpm-build)
     is taken from the distro's archive rather than from nixpkgs. Each config
     entry carries its own 'image'.
+
+    The artifact names must match what the build job uploads: one artifact per
+    binary, each named after the build config.
     """
     entries = []
     for distro, configs in linux.package_configs.items():
         for cfg in configs:
             for compiler, build_type in itertools.product(cfg.compiler, cfg.build_type):
+                config_name = f"{distro}-{compiler}-{build_type.lower()}-amd64"
                 entries.append(
                     PackagingEntry(
-                        artifact_name=f"xrpld-{distro}-{compiler}-{build_type.lower()}-amd64",
+                        xrpld_artifact_name=f"xrpld-{config_name}",
+                        validator_keys_artifact_name=f"validator-keys-{config_name}",
                         image=cfg.image,
                         distro=distro,
                     )
@@ -245,6 +259,7 @@ def expand_platform_matrix(pf: PlatformFile, minimal: bool) -> list[MatrixEntry]
                     cmake_args=get_cmake_args(build_type, cfg.extra_cmake_args),
                     cmake_target="install" if is_windows else "all",
                     build_only=cfg.build_only,
+                    benchmark=cfg.benchmark,
                     build_type=build_type,
                     architecture=Architecture(platform=pf.platform, runner=pf.runner),
                     sanitizers="",

.github/scripts/strategy-matrix/linux.json

@@ -14,7 +14,8 @@
         "compiler": ["clang"],
         "build_type": ["Release"],
         "arch": ["amd64"],
-        "minimal": true
+        "minimal": true,
+        "benchmark": true
       },
 
       {
@@ -69,7 +70,8 @@
         "compiler": ["gcc"],
         "build_type": ["Release"],
         "arch": ["amd64"],
-        "minimal": false
+        "minimal": false,
+        "extra_cmake_args": "-Dvalidator_keys=ON"
       }
     ],
 
@@ -78,7 +80,8 @@
         "compiler": ["gcc"],
         "build_type": ["Release"],
         "arch": ["amd64"],
-        "minimal": false
+        "minimal": false,
+        "extra_cmake_args": "-Dvalidator_keys=ON"
       }
     ]
   },

.github/workflows/on-pr.yml

@@ -82,6 +82,7 @@ jobs:
             .github/scripts/strategy-matrix/**
             .github/workflows/reusable-build-test-config.yml
             .github/workflows/reusable-build-test.yml
+            .github/workflows/reusable-check-autogen.yml
             .github/workflows/reusable-clang-tidy.yml
             .github/workflows/reusable-package.yml
             .github/workflows/reusable-strategy-matrix.yml
@@ -126,6 +127,11 @@ jobs:
     outputs:
       go: ${{ steps.go.outputs.go == 'true' }}
 
+  check-autogen:
+    needs: should-run
+    if: ${{ needs.should-run.outputs.go == 'true' }}
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/reusable-check-autogen.yml
+
   check-levelization:
     needs: should-run
     if: ${{ needs.should-run.outputs.go == 'true' }}
@@ -200,6 +206,7 @@ jobs:
   passed:
     if: failure() || cancelled()
     needs:
+      - check-autogen
       - check-levelization
       - check-rename
       - clang-tidy

.github/workflows/on-trigger.yml

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ on:
       - ".github/scripts/strategy-matrix/**"
       - ".github/workflows/reusable-build-test-config.yml"
       - ".github/workflows/reusable-build-test.yml"
+      - ".github/workflows/reusable-check-autogen.yml"
       - ".github/workflows/reusable-clang-tidy.yml"
       - ".github/workflows/reusable-package.yml"
       - ".github/workflows/reusable-strategy-matrix.yml"
@@ -67,6 +68,9 @@ defaults:
     shell: bash
 
 jobs:
+  check-autogen:
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/reusable-check-autogen.yml
+
   clang-tidy:
     uses: ./.github/workflows/reusable-clang-tidy.yml
     permissions:

.github/workflows/reusable-build-test-config.yml

@@ -3,6 +3,12 @@ name: Build and test configuration
 on:
   workflow_call:
     inputs:
+      benchmark:
+        description: "Whether to smoke-run the benchmarks after testing."
+        required: false
+        type: boolean
+        default: false
+
       build_only:
         description: 'Whether to only build or to build and test the code ("true", "false").'
         required: true
@@ -100,9 +106,10 @@ jobs:
       # header files are copied into separate directories by CMake, which will
       # otherwise result in cache misses.
       CCACHE_SLOPPINESS: include_file_ctime,include_file_mtime
-      # Determine if coverage and voidstar should be enabled.
+      # Determine if coverage, voidstar and validator-keys should be enabled.
       COVERAGE_ENABLED: ${{ contains(inputs.cmake_args, '-Dcoverage=ON') }}
       VOIDSTAR_ENABLED: ${{ contains(inputs.cmake_args, '-Dvoidstar=ON') }}
+      VALIDATOR_KEYS_ENABLED: ${{ contains(inputs.cmake_args, '-Dvalidator_keys=ON') }}
       SANITIZERS_ENABLED: ${{ inputs.sanitizers != '' }}
     steps:
       - name: Cleanup workspace (macOS and Windows)
@@ -170,9 +177,9 @@ jobs:
               ..
 
       # Export the sanitizer options before any instrumented binary runs. The
-      # protocol code-gen and build steps below invoke instrumented dependency
-      # tools (protoc, grpc), so setting UBSAN_OPTIONS here lets the UBSan
-      # suppression list silence their diagnostics too, not just at test time.
+      # build step below invokes instrumented dependency tools (protoc, grpc),
+      # so setting UBSAN_OPTIONS here lets the UBSan suppression list silence
+      # their diagnostics too, not just at test time.
       # GITHUB_WORKSPACE (not the github.workspace context) is used so the path
       # resolves correctly inside the container job.
       - name: Set sanitizer options
@@ -190,32 +197,6 @@ jobs:
           echo "UBSAN_OPTIONS=include=${SUPP}/runtime-ubsan-options.txt:suppressions=${SUPP}/ubsan.supp" >>${GITHUB_ENV}
           echo "LSAN_OPTIONS=include=${SUPP}/runtime-lsan-options.txt:suppressions=${SUPP}/lsan.supp" >>${GITHUB_ENV}
 
-      - name: Check protocol autogen files are up-to-date
-        working-directory: ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}
-        env:
-          MESSAGE: |
-
-            The generated protocol wrapper classes are out of date.
-
-            This typically happens when the macro files or generator scripts
-            have changed but the generated files were not regenerated.
-
-            To fix this:
-              1. Run: cmake --build . --target setup_code_gen
-              2. Run: cmake --build . --target code_gen
-              3. Commit and push the regenerated files
-        run: |
-          set -e
-          cmake --build . --target setup_code_gen
-          cmake --build . --target code_gen
-          DIFF=$(git -C .. status --porcelain -- include/xrpl/protocol_autogen src/tests/libxrpl/protocol_autogen)
-          if [ -n "${DIFF}" ]; then
-              echo "::error::Generated protocol files are out of date"
-              git -C .. diff -- include/xrpl/protocol_autogen src/tests/libxrpl/protocol_autogen
-              echo "${MESSAGE}"
-              exit 1
-          fi
-
       - name: Build the binary
         working-directory: ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}
         env:
@@ -249,6 +230,22 @@ jobs:
           retention-days: 3
           if-no-files-found: error
 
+      - name: Run the validator-keys tests
+        if: ${{ env.VALIDATOR_KEYS_ENABLED == 'true' }}
+        working-directory: ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}
+        run: ./validator-keys --unittest
+
+      - name: Upload the validator-keys binary
+        if: ${{ github.event.repository.visibility == 'public' && env.VALIDATOR_KEYS_ENABLED == 'true' }}
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
+        with:
+          name: validator-keys-${{ inputs.config_name }}
+          path: |
+            ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}/validator-keys
+            ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}/validator-keys-LICENSE
+          retention-days: 3
+          if-no-files-found: error
+
       - name: Upload the test binary (Linux)
         if: ${{ github.event.repository.visibility == 'public' && runner.os == 'Linux' }}
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
@@ -328,11 +325,14 @@ jobs:
 
       # Smoke-run every benchmark module with a single repetition to confirm the
       # benchmarks still build and execute. This is a correctness check, not a
-      # performance measurement, so it is skipped for instrumented builds
-      # (sanitizers/coverage/voidstar), where it would be slow and meaningless,
-      # and on Windows, where the `install` target does not build them.
+      # performance measurement, so there is nothing to gain from repeating it
+      # across configurations: it is opted into by a single config in the
+      # strategy matrix (see the 'benchmark' flag in the JSON files), which
+      # keeps it off instrumented builds (sanitizers/coverage/voidstar), where
+      # it would be slow and meaningless, off Debug builds, where it is much
+      # slower, and off Windows, where the `install` target does not build them.
       - name: Run the benchmarks
-        if: ${{ !inputs.build_only && runner.os != 'Windows' && env.SANITIZERS_ENABLED == 'false' && env.COVERAGE_ENABLED != 'true' && env.VOIDSTAR_ENABLED != 'true' }}
+        if: ${{ inputs.benchmark }}
         working-directory: ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}
         run: |
           rc=0
@@ -387,7 +387,7 @@ jobs:
               --target coverage
 
       - name: Upload coverage report
-        if: ${{ github.repository == 'XRPLF/rippled' && !inputs.build_only && env.COVERAGE_ENABLED == 'true' }}
+        if: ${{ github.repository_owner == 'XRPLF' && !inputs.build_only && env.COVERAGE_ENABLED == 'true' }}
         uses: codecov/codecov-action@fb8b3582c8e4def4969c97caa2f19720cb33a72f # v7.0.0
         with:
           disable_search: true

.github/workflows/reusable-build-test.yml

@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ jobs:
       fail-fast: ${{ github.event_name == 'merge_group' }}
       matrix: ${{ fromJson(needs.generate-matrix.outputs.matrix) }}
     with:
+      benchmark: ${{ matrix.benchmark }}
       build_only: ${{ matrix.build_only }}
       build_type: ${{ matrix.build_type }}
       ccache_enabled: ${{ inputs.ccache_enabled }}

.github/workflows/reusable-check-autogen.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+# This workflow checks that the generated protocol wrapper classes are
+# up-to-date with the macro files and generator scripts they are produced from,
+# see more info in include/xrpl/protocol_autogen/README.md.
+name: Check autogen
+
+# This workflow can only be triggered by other workflows.
+on: workflow_call
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}-autogen
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+defaults:
+  run:
+    shell: bash
+
+env:
+  BUILD_DIR: build/codegen
+
+jobs:
+  autogen:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
+
+      - name: Set up Python
+        uses: actions/setup-python@5fda3b95a4ea91299a34e894583c3862153e4b97 # v7.0.0
+        with:
+          python-version: "3.13"
+
+      # Code generation is pure Python, so the standalone project below offers
+      # the same targets as the main build without needing its dependencies or
+      # a compiler, which keeps this job down to a few seconds.
+      - name: Configure CMake
+        run: cmake -S cmake/codegen -B "${BUILD_DIR}"
+
+      - name: Install code generation dependencies
+        run: cmake --build "${BUILD_DIR}" --target setup_code_gen
+
+      - name: Generate code
+        run: cmake --build "${BUILD_DIR}" --target code_gen
+
+      - name: Check for differences
+        env:
+          MESSAGE: |
+
+            The generated protocol wrapper classes are out of date.
+
+            This typically happens when the macro files or generator scripts
+            have changed but the generated files were not regenerated.
+
+            Run the following from the repository root, then commit and push
+            the regenerated files. This needs neither the dependencies nor a
+            compiler. See include/xrpl/protocol_autogen/README.md for more info.
+
+              cmake -S cmake/codegen -B build/codegen
+              cmake --build build/codegen --target setup_code_gen
+              cmake --build build/codegen --target code_gen
+
+            In an already configured build directory, the 'setup_code_gen' and
+            'code_gen' targets do the same thing.
+        run: |
+          # Record untracked files in the index without staging their contents,
+          # so that classes generated for a newly added transaction or ledger
+          # entry type show up in the diff below rather than silently as an
+          # empty one.
+          git add --intent-to-add .
+          DIFF=$(git status --porcelain)
+          if [ -n "${DIFF}" ]; then
+              # Print the differences to give the contributor a hint about what to
+              # expect when running code generation on their own machine.
+              git diff
+              echo "${MESSAGE}"
+              exit 1
+          fi

.github/workflows/reusable-package.yml

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-# Build Linux packages (DEB and RPM) from pre-built binary artifacts.
-# Discovers which configurations to package from linux.json (configs in
-# "package_configs") and fans out one job per distro. Only linux/amd64 is
-# supported; the runner is hardcoded in the job below.
+# Build Linux packages (DEB and RPM) from pre-built binary artifacts (xrpld and
+# validator-keys). Discovers which configurations to package from linux.json
+# (configs in "package_configs") and fans out one job per distro. Only
+# linux/amd64 is supported; the runner is hardcoded in the job below.
 name: Package
 
 on:
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix: ${{ fromJson(needs.generate-matrix.outputs.matrix) }}
-    name: "${{ matrix.artifact_name }}"
+    name: "${{ matrix.xrpld_artifact_name }}"
     permissions:
       contents: read
     runs-on: ["self-hosted", "Linux", "X64", "heavy"]
@@ -56,14 +56,20 @@ jobs:
       - name: Checkout repository
         uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
 
-      - name: Download pre-built binary
+      - name: Download pre-built xrpld binary
         uses: actions/download-artifact@3e5f45b2cfb9172054b4087a40e8e0b5a5461e7c # v8.0.1
         with:
-          name: ${{ matrix.artifact_name }}
+          name: ${{ matrix.xrpld_artifact_name }}
           path: ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}
 
-      - name: Make binary executable
-        run: chmod +x "${BUILD_DIR}/xrpld"
+      - name: Download pre-built validator-keys binary
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@3e5f45b2cfb9172054b4087a40e8e0b5a5461e7c # v8.0.1
+        with:
+          name: ${{ matrix.validator_keys_artifact_name }}
+          path: ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}
+
+      - name: Make binaries executable
+        run: chmod +x "${BUILD_DIR}/xrpld" "${BUILD_DIR}/validator-keys"
 
       - name: Build package
         env:
@@ -73,7 +79,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Upload package artifact
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
         with:
-          name: ${{ matrix.artifact_name }}-pkg
+          name: ${{ matrix.xrpld_artifact_name }}-pkg
           path: |
             ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}/debbuild/*.deb
             ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}/debbuild/*.ddeb

API-CHANGELOG.md

@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ This section contains changes targeting a future version.
 
 ### Bugfixes
 
+- `get_aggregate_price`: Duplicate entries in the `oracles` request array are now ignored. [#6586](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/6586)
 - Peer Crawler: The `port` field in `overlay.active[]` now consistently returns an integer instead of a string for outbound peers. [#6318](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/6318)
 - `ping`: The `ip` field is no longer returned as an empty string for proxied connections without a forwarded-for header. It is now omitted, consistent with the behavior for identified connections. [#6730](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/6730)
 - gRPC `GetLedgerDiff`: Fixed error message that incorrectly said "base ledger not validated" when the desired ledger was not validated. [#6730](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/6730)

BUILD.md

@@ -247,7 +247,17 @@ cmake --build . --target setup_code_gen  # create venv and install dependencies
 cmake --build . --target code_gen        # regenerate code
 ```
 
-The regenerated files should be committed alongside your changes.
+The same targets are also available as a standalone project, which does not
+need the dependencies to be configured first:
+
+```
+cmake -S cmake/codegen -B build/codegen
+cmake --build build/codegen --target setup_code_gen
+cmake --build build/codegen --target code_gen
+```
+
+The regenerated files should be committed alongside your changes. CI verifies
+that they are up-to-date.
 
 ## Coverage report
 

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ find_package(OpenSSL REQUIRED)
 find_package(secp256k1 REQUIRED)
 find_package(SOCI REQUIRED)
 find_package(SQLite3 REQUIRED)
+find_package(wasmi REQUIRED)
 find_package(xxHash REQUIRED)
 
 target_link_libraries(
@@ -161,8 +162,10 @@ endif()
 include(XrplCore)
 include(XrplProtocolAutogen)
 include(XrplInstall)
-include(XrplPackaging)
 include(XrplValidatorKeys)
+# Must come after XrplValidatorKeys: the 'package' target depends on the
+# validator-keys target existing.
+include(XrplPackaging)
 
 if(tests)
     include(CTest)

cfg/xrpld-example.cfg

@@ -488,6 +488,17 @@
 #   Must be a number between 100 and 1000, defaults to 250
 #
 #
+# [max_subscriptions_per_connection]
+#
+#   Maximum number of account, real-time account, and account-history
+#   subscriptions a single client connection may hold at once. Bounds the
+#   per-connection state torn down when the connection disconnects. Book
+#   subscriptions are tracked separately and are not counted here.
+#
+#   Defaults to 100000 if not set; large enough for legitimate power users
+#   such as block explorers.
+#
+#
 # [overlay]
 #
 #   Controls settings related to the peer to peer overlay.
@@ -538,6 +549,45 @@
 #       only be used for local testing and debugging. Do not disable
 #       on mainnet.
 #
+#   max_untrusted_count = <number>
+#
+#       The number of manifests the server keeps for validators it does not
+#       list, and the number it sends and processes in a single peer protocol
+#       message. Once the server holds this many, a manifest for a new
+#       unlisted validator is rejected, so peer gossip cannot grow the cache
+#       without end.
+#
+#       This option can take any value between 50 and 1000, inclusive. If
+#       the option is not present the server uses its built-in value.
+#
+#       The current default (which is subject to change) is 300.
+#
+#   max_trusted_count = <number>
+#
+#       The number of manifests for listed validators to allow for when
+#       sizing peer protocol messages. Manifests for listed validators are
+#       never dropped, whether sending or receiving, because doing so would
+#       delay a validator key change reaching this server. Set this above the
+#       number of validators the server lists.
+#
+#       Together the two counts above set the largest manifest message the
+#       server accepts: bigger messages are discarded without reading them,
+#       and without penalising the sender. Raising either means the server
+#       accepts and sends bigger messages than a peer using the defaults, and
+#       those peers will discard what this server sends. Lowering either below
+#       what peers send makes this server discard their manifest messages,
+#       which it does without recording anything.
+#
+#       This option can take any value between 50 and 1000, inclusive. If
+#       the option is not present the server uses its built-in value.
+#
+#       The current default (which is subject to change) is 300.
+#
+#       NOTE: These two options (max_untrusted_count and max_trusted_count)
+#       are transitional. They exist to bound manifest-message size and cache
+#       growth during the network upgrade. They may be removed in a future
+#       release once the fleet has upgraded, and should not be relied upon as
+#       stable configuration.
 #
 # [transaction_queue] EXPERIMENTAL
 #
@@ -1298,6 +1348,39 @@
 #       Example:
 #           owner_reserve = 200000      # 0.2 XRP
 #
+#   gas_limit = <gas>
+#
+#       The gas limit is the maximum amount of gas that can be
+#       consumed by a single transaction. The gas limit is used to prevent
+#       transactions from consuming too many resources.
+#
+#       If this parameter is unspecified, xrpld will use an internal
+#       default. Don't change this without understanding the consequences.
+#
+#       Example:
+#           gas_limit = 1000000      # 1 million gas
+#
+#   bytecode_size_limit = <bytes>
+#
+#       The bytecode size limit is the maximum size of a WASM extension in
+#       bytes. The size limit is used to prevent extensions from consuming
+#       too many resources.
+#
+#       If this parameter is unspecified, xrpld will use an internal
+#       default. Don't change this without understanding the consequences.
+#
+#       Example:
+#           bytecode_size_limit = 100000      # 100 kb
+#
+#   gas_price = <micro-drops>
+#
+#       The gas price is the conversion between WASM gas and its price in drops.
+#
+#       If this parameter is unspecified, xrpld will use an internal
+#       default. Don't change this without understanding the consequences.
+#
+#       Example:
+#           gas_price = 1000000      # 1 drop per gas
 #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 #
 # 9. Misc Settings

cmake/PatchNixBinary.cmake

@@ -2,9 +2,10 @@
    Patch executables to run in non-Nix environments.
 
    The Nix toolchain links binaries against an ELF interpreter (loader)
-   that lives in the Nix store, so the resulting binaries don't run elsewhere.
-   `patch_nix_binary` adds a POST_BUILD step that resets the interpreter
-   to the system default loader and drops the rpath.
+   that lives in the Nix store, so the resulting binaries don't run elsewhere
+   (including once installed from the .deb package). `patch_nix_binary` resets
+   the interpreter to the system default loader and drops the rpath, once the
+   binary has been linked.
 
    This runs by default for Nix-toolchain builds (determined by whether the compiler resolves under /nix/store/).
    Those builds are where binaries get a Nix-store loader.
@@ -52,13 +53,38 @@ function(patch_nix_binary target)
     if(NOT PATCH_NIX_BINARIES)
         return()
     endif()
-    add_custom_command(
-        TARGET ${target}
-        POST_BUILD
-        COMMAND
-            "${PATCHELF_COMMAND}" --set-interpreter "${DEFAULT_LOADER_PATH}"
-            --remove-rpath "$<TARGET_FILE:${target}>"
-        COMMENT "Patching ${target}: set default loader, remove rpath"
-        VERBATIM
+
+    set(patch_command
+        "${PATCHELF_COMMAND}"
+        --set-interpreter
+        "${DEFAULT_LOADER_PATH}"
+        --remove-rpath
+        "$<TARGET_FILE:${target}>"
     )
+    set(comment "Patching ${target}: set default loader, remove rpath")
+
+    # POST_BUILD is the cheap way to do this: it runs only when the binary is
+    # relinked. It is also only available in the directory that defined the
+    # target, so for a target from elsewhere (e.g. a FetchContent subproject)
+    # fall back to a custom target that runs after the binary is linked. That
+    # one runs on every build, which is harmless because patchelf is idempotent.
+    get_target_property(target_source_dir ${target} SOURCE_DIR)
+    if("${target_source_dir}" STREQUAL "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}")
+        add_custom_command(
+            TARGET ${target}
+            POST_BUILD
+            COMMAND ${patch_command}
+            COMMENT "${comment}"
+            VERBATIM
+        )
+    else()
+        add_custom_target(
+            ${target}-patch-nix
+            ALL
+            COMMAND ${patch_command}
+            COMMENT "${comment}"
+            VERBATIM
+        )
+        add_dependencies(${target}-patch-nix ${target})
+    endif()
 endfunction()

cmake/XrplCore.cmake

@@ -67,6 +67,7 @@ target_link_libraries(
         Xrpl::opts
         Xrpl::syslibs
         secp256k1::secp256k1
+        wasmi::wasmi
         xrpl.libpb
         xxHash::xxhash
         $<$<BOOL:${voidstar}>:antithesis-sdk-cpp>

cmake/XrplPackaging.cmake

@@ -25,6 +25,19 @@ if(NOT (RPMBUILD_EXECUTABLE OR DPKG_BUILDPACKAGE_EXECUTABLE))
     return()
 endif()
 
+if(NOT TARGET xrpld)
+    message(STATUS "xrpld=ON is required; 'package' target not available")
+    return()
+endif()
+
+if(NOT TARGET validator-keys)
+    message(
+        STATUS
+        "validator_keys=ON is required; 'package' target not available"
+    )
+    return()
+endif()
+
 set(package_env
     SRC_DIR=${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}
     BUILD_DIR=${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}
@@ -37,7 +50,7 @@ add_custom_target(
         ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E env ${package_env}
         ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/package/build_pkg.sh
     WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}
-    DEPENDS xrpld
+    DEPENDS xrpld validator-keys
     COMMENT "Building Linux package (deb/rpm inferred from host tooling)"
     VERBATIM
 )

cmake/XrplProtocolAutogen.cmake

@@ -2,21 +2,22 @@
    Protocol Autogen - Code generation for protocol wrapper classes
 #]===================================================================]
 
+# The repository root, derived from the location of this file rather than from
+# the including project, so that the targets below can also be offered on their
+# own by cmake/codegen/CMakeLists.txt.
+get_filename_component(XRPL_ROOT "${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/.." ABSOLUTE)
+
 set(CODEGEN_VENV_DIR
-    "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/.venv"
+    "${XRPL_ROOT}/.venv"
     CACHE PATH
     "Path to a Python virtual environment for code generation. A venv will be created here by setup_code_gen and used to run generation scripts."
 )
 
 # Directory paths
-set(MACRO_DIR "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/xrpl/protocol/detail")
-set(AUTOGEN_HEADER_DIR
-    "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/xrpl/protocol_autogen"
-)
-set(AUTOGEN_TEST_DIR
-    "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/tests/libxrpl/protocol_autogen"
-)
-set(SCRIPTS_DIR "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/cmake/scripts/codegen")
+set(MACRO_DIR "${XRPL_ROOT}/include/xrpl/protocol/detail")
+set(AUTOGEN_HEADER_DIR "${XRPL_ROOT}/include/xrpl/protocol_autogen")
+set(AUTOGEN_TEST_DIR "${XRPL_ROOT}/src/tests/libxrpl/protocol_autogen")
+set(SCRIPTS_DIR "${XRPL_ROOT}/cmake/scripts/codegen")
 
 # Input macro files
 set(TRANSACTIONS_MACRO "${MACRO_DIR}/transactions.macro")
@@ -114,14 +115,14 @@ if(CODEGEN_VENV_DIR)
         setup_code_gen
         COMMAND ${Python3_EXECUTABLE} -m venv "${CODEGEN_VENV_DIR}"
         COMMAND ${CODEGEN_PYTHON} -m pip install -r "${REQUIREMENTS_FILE}"
-        WORKING_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}"
+        WORKING_DIRECTORY "${XRPL_ROOT}"
         COMMENT "Creating venv and installing code generation dependencies..."
     )
 else()
     add_custom_target(
         setup_code_gen
         COMMAND ${Python3_EXECUTABLE} -m pip install -r "${REQUIREMENTS_FILE}"
-        WORKING_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}"
+        WORKING_DIRECTORY "${XRPL_ROOT}"
         COMMENT "Installing code generation dependencies..."
     )
 endif()
@@ -139,8 +140,8 @@ add_custom_target(
         -DSFIELDS_MACRO=${SFIELDS_MACRO}
         -DAUTOGEN_HEADER_DIR=${AUTOGEN_HEADER_DIR}
         -DAUTOGEN_TEST_DIR=${AUTOGEN_TEST_DIR} -P
-        "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/cmake/XrplProtocolAutogenRun.cmake"
-    WORKING_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}"
+        "${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/XrplProtocolAutogenRun.cmake"
+    WORKING_DIRECTORY "${XRPL_ROOT}"
     COMMENT "Running protocol code generation..."
     SOURCES ${ALL_INPUT_FILES}
 )

cmake/XrplValidatorKeys.cmake

@@ -5,22 +5,39 @@ option(
 )
 
 if(validator_keys)
-    git_branch(current_branch)
-    # default to tracking VK master branch unless we are on release
-    if(NOT (current_branch STREQUAL "release"))
-        set(current_branch "master")
-    endif()
-    message(STATUS "Tracking ValidatorKeys branch: ${current_branch}")
+    # Own the install destination below rather than relying on another module
+    # having pulled this in first.
+    include(GNUInstallDirs)
+
+    # Pinned to an exact commit, not a branch: the tool ships inside our
+    # packages, so the same xrpld version must always package the same
+    # validator-keys. Bump this deliberately.
+    set(validator_keys_commit "4c0fb75eec9601c711645998c904507e87e910ae")
+    message(STATUS "Using ValidatorKeys commit: ${validator_keys_commit}")
 
     FetchContent_Declare(
         validator_keys
         GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/ripple/validator-keys-tool.git
-        GIT_TAG "${current_branch}"
+        GIT_TAG "${validator_keys_commit}"
     )
     FetchContent_MakeAvailable(validator_keys)
+    # The tool's own CMakeLists excludes the target from 'all' when it is built
+    # as a subproject. Undo that, so validator_keys=ON really does build it.
     set_target_properties(
         validator-keys
-        PROPERTIES RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}"
+        PROPERTIES
+            RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}"
+            EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL OFF
+            EXCLUDE_FROM_DEFAULT_BUILD OFF
+    )
+    # We ship this binary, so like xrpld it must not keep the Nix store's ELF
+    # loader, or it cannot run on the target distro at all.
+    patch_nix_binary(validator-keys)
+
+    configure_file(
+        "${validator_keys_SOURCE_DIR}/LICENSE"
+        "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/validator-keys-LICENSE"
+        COPYONLY
     )
     install(TARGETS validator-keys RUNTIME DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR})
 endif()

cmake/codegen/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+#[===================================================================[
+   Protocol Autogen - Standalone project
+
+   Exposes the 'setup_code_gen' and 'code_gen' targets on their own, without
+   configuring the rest of xrpl. Code generation is pure Python, so this needs
+   neither the dependencies nor a compiler, which makes it usable in CI and by
+   contributors who only want to regenerate the protocol wrapper classes:
+
+     cmake -S cmake/codegen -B build/codegen
+     cmake --build build/codegen --target setup_code_gen
+     cmake --build build/codegen --target code_gen
+
+   The targets are identical to the ones offered by the top-level build, since
+   both come from cmake/XrplProtocolAutogen.cmake.
+#]===================================================================]
+
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.16)
+
+project(xrpl_codegen LANGUAGES NONE)
+
+include("${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/../XrplProtocolAutogen.cmake")

conan.lock

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
     "requires": [
         "zlib/1.3.2#1cb806da49011867778ffb6ac7190fcb%1782392402.122708",
         "xxhash/0.8.3#681d36a0a6111fc56e5e45ea182c19cc%1782392402.420688",
+        "wasmi/1.0.9#1fecdab9b90c96698eb35ea99ca4f5cb%1782307153.343419",
         "sqlite3/3.53.0#324ada52333108388a9a6108bfa96734%1782392403.185447",
         "soci/4.0.3#e726491a03468795453f7c83fc924a96%1782392402.679521",
         "snappy/1.1.10#968fef506ff261592ec30c574d4a7809%1782307151.633168",
@@ -12,7 +13,7 @@
         "protobuf/6.33.5#ff253ead763bd8d9904a52979cd21e81%1782392410.233933",
         "openssl/3.6.3#f806de8933e3bf6f01016c6a888cee2e%1783945160.863288",
         "nudb/2.0.9#11149c73f8f2baff9a0198fe25971fc7%1782392402.297166",
-        "mpt-crypto/0.4.0-rc4#ffdba12f2332357f0d8b0ae944cfff52%1784138702.932355",
+        "mpt-crypto/1.0.2#b313cef0c1a493eb970ad185b2e9bab7%1784285108.866483",
         "lz4/1.10.0#982d9b673900f665a1da109e09c17cab%1782392402.164188",
         "libiconv/1.17#9923bc6dc6f106646d6967e0039a5ada%1782392792.775744",
         "libbacktrace/cci.20210118#a7691bfccd8caaf66309df196790a5a1%1782392402.420732",

conanfile.py

@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ class Xrpl(ConanFile):
         "nudb/2.0.9",
         "openssl/3.6.3",
         "soci/4.0.3",
+        "wasmi/1.0.9",
         "zlib/1.3.2",
     ]
 
@@ -139,7 +140,7 @@ class Xrpl(ConanFile):
         if self.options.jemalloc:
             self.requires("jemalloc/5.3.1")
         self.requires("lz4/1.10.0", force=True)
-        self.requires("mpt-crypto/0.4.0-rc4", transitive_headers=True)
+        self.requires("mpt-crypto/1.0.2", transitive_headers=True)
         self.requires("protobuf/6.33.5", force=True)
         if self.options.rocksdb:
             self.requires("rocksdb/10.5.1")
@@ -223,6 +224,7 @@ class Xrpl(ConanFile):
             "soci::soci",
             "secp256k1::secp256k1",
             "sqlite3::sqlite",
+            "wasmi::wasmi",
             "xxhash::xxhash",
             "zlib::zlib",
         ]

include/xrpl/basics/Number.h

@@ -549,8 +549,21 @@ public:
     setround(RoundingMode inMode);
 
     /**
-     * Returns which mantissa scale is currently in use for normalization.
+     * Convert an integer to a RoundingMode, validating that it is in range.
      *
+     * Returns std::nullopt if the value does not correspond to a valid
+     * RoundingMode.
+     */
+    static std::optional<RoundingMode>
+    checkedRoundingMode(int mode) noexcept
+    {
+        if (mode < static_cast<int>(RoundingMode::ToNearest) ||
+            mode > static_cast<int>(RoundingMode::Upward))
+            return std::nullopt;
+        return static_cast<RoundingMode>(mode);
+    }
+
+    /**
      * If you think you need to call this outside of unit tests, no you don't.
      */
     static MantissaRange::MantissaScale

include/xrpl/basics/base64.h

@@ -41,6 +41,35 @@
 
 namespace xrpl {
 
+namespace base64 {
+
+/**
+ * Returns the maximum number of characters needed to base64-encode @p nBytes bytes.
+ *
+ * @param nBytes Number of input bytes.
+ * @return Size of the encoded string, including padding.
+ */
+constexpr std::size_t
+encodedSize(std::size_t const nBytes)
+{
+    return 4 * ((nBytes + 2) / 3);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Returns the maximum number of bytes a base64 string of @p numChars characters
+ * decodes to.
+ *
+ * @param numChars Number of base64 characters.
+ * @return Upper bound on the number of decoded bytes.
+ */
+constexpr std::size_t
+decodedSize(std::size_t const numChars)
+{
+    return ((numChars / 4) * 3) + 2;
+}
+
+}  // namespace base64
+
 std::string
 base64Encode(std::uint8_t const* data, std::size_t len);
 

include/xrpl/config/Constants.h

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ struct Sections
     static constexpr auto kLedgerHistory = "ledger_history";
     static constexpr auto kLedgerReplay = "ledger_replay";
     static constexpr auto kLedgerTxTables = "ledger_tx_tables";
+    static constexpr auto kMaxSubscriptionsPerConnection = "max_subscriptions_per_connection";
     static constexpr auto kMaxTransactions = "max_transactions";
     static constexpr auto kNetworkId = "network_id";
     static constexpr auto kNetworkQuorum = "network_quorum";
@@ -93,6 +94,7 @@ struct Keys
     static constexpr auto kBbtOptions = "bbt_options";
     static constexpr auto kBgThreads = "bg_threads";
     static constexpr auto kBlockSize = "block_size";
+    static constexpr auto kBytecodeSizeLimit = "bytecode_size_limit";
     static constexpr auto kCacheAge = "cache_age";
     static constexpr auto kCacheMb = "cache_mb";
     static constexpr auto kCacheSize = "cache_size";
@@ -107,6 +109,8 @@ struct Keys
     static constexpr auto kFileSizeMult = "file_size_mult";
     static constexpr auto kFilterBits = "filter_bits";
     static constexpr auto kFilterFull = "filter_full";
+    static constexpr auto kGasLimit = "gas_limit";
+    static constexpr auto kGasPrice = "gas_price";
     static constexpr auto kHardSet = "hard_set";
     static constexpr auto kHighThreads = "high_threads";
     static constexpr auto kHoldTime = "hold_time";
@@ -118,7 +122,9 @@ struct Keys
     static constexpr auto kLogInterval = "log_interval";
     static constexpr auto kMaxDivergedTime = "max_diverged_time";
     static constexpr auto kMaxLedgerCountsToStore = "max_ledger_counts_to_store";
+    static constexpr auto kMaxTrustedCount = "max_trusted_count";
     static constexpr auto kMaxUnknownTime = "max_unknown_time";
+    static constexpr auto kMaxUntrustedCount = "max_untrusted_count";
     static constexpr auto kMaximumTxnInLedger = "maximum_txn_in_ledger";
     static constexpr auto kMaximumTxnPerAccount = "maximum_txn_per_account";
     static constexpr auto kMemoryLevel = "memory_level";
@@ -131,7 +137,6 @@ struct Keys
     static constexpr auto kNormalConsensusIncreasePercent = "normal_consensus_increase_percent";
     static constexpr auto kNudbBlockSize = "nudb_block_size";
     static constexpr auto kOnlineDelete = "online_delete";
-    static constexpr auto kOnlineDeleteGenerations = "online_delete_generations";
     static constexpr auto kOpenFiles = "open_files";
     static constexpr auto kOptions = "options";
     static constexpr auto kOverlay = "overlay";

include/xrpl/consensus/Consensus.h

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 #include <map>
 #include <memory>
 #include <optional>
+#include <ranges>
 #include <sstream>
 #include <string>
 #include <utility>
@@ -1579,7 +1580,13 @@ Consensus<Adaptor>::updateOurPositions(std::unique_ptr<std::stringstream> const&
         JLOG(j_.info()) << ss.str();
         CLOG(clog) << ss.str();
 
-        for (auto const& [t, v] : closeTimeVotes)
+        // Walk the votes highest-time first so that, among close times tied
+        // for the most votes, the earliest wins. The smaller value is the
+        // safer choice: without close-time consensus this round, the winner
+        // only updates our position for the next proposal, and a too-early
+        // time is bounded below by the prior ledger's close time. Only the
+        // tie-break changes; the bin with the most votes still wins.
+        for (auto const& [t, v] : std::views::reverse(closeTimeVotes))
         {
             JLOG(j_.debug()) << "CCTime: seq "
                              << static_cast<std::uint32_t>(previousLedger_.seq()) + 1 << ": "

include/xrpl/consensus/ConsensusTypes.h

@@ -8,7 +8,9 @@
 
 #include <chrono>
 #include <cstddef>
+#include <cstdint>
 #include <map>
+#include <optional>
 #include <string>
 
 namespace xrpl {
@@ -189,6 +191,75 @@ struct ConsensusCloseTimes
     NetClock::time_point self;
 };
 
+/**
+ * Offset of the network's close time relative to ours, using a weighted median.
+ *
+ * Treats the sample set as `{self x 1}` merged with `{t x w}` for each
+ * `(t, w)` in `times.peers`, in time order, and returns `(median - self)`
+ * in whole seconds. Uses the lower weighted median: the median is the
+ * earliest time at which the running weight reaches half the total, so an
+ * even total whose halfway point falls between two bins resolves to the
+ * earlier bin.
+ *
+ * @param times Our own close time and the weighted close times of peers.
+ * @return Weighted median of all close times minus our own, in whole seconds.
+ */
+inline std::chrono::seconds
+medianCloseOffset(ConsensusCloseTimes const& times)
+{
+    using namespace std::chrono;
+    using time_point = NetClock::time_point;
+
+    std::int64_t totalWeight = 1;
+    for (auto const& [_, w] : times.peers)
+        totalWeight += w;
+
+    std::int64_t const halfWeight = (totalWeight + 1) / 2;
+
+    std::optional<time_point> median{};
+    std::int64_t tally = 0;
+    bool selfPlaced = false;
+
+    // Accumulate weight in time order; the first bin to reach halfWeight is
+    // the (lower) weighted median. Returns true once that bin is found.
+    auto step = [&](time_point t, std::int64_t w) {
+        XRPL_ASSERT(tally < halfWeight, "xrpl::medianCloseOffset::step : median not yet found");
+        tally += w;
+        if (tally >= halfWeight)
+        {
+            median = t;
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    };
+
+    for (auto const& [t, w] : times.peers)
+    {
+        if (!selfPlaced && times.self <= t)
+        {
+            selfPlaced = true;
+            if (step(times.self, 1))
+                break;
+        }
+        if (step(t, w))
+            break;
+    }
+    if (!selfPlaced && !median)
+        step(times.self, 1);
+
+    if (!median)
+    {
+        // LCOV_EXCL_START
+        UNREACHABLE("xrpl::medianCloseOffset : median not found");
+        median = times.self;
+        // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
+    }
+
+    return duration_cast<seconds>(
+        duration<std::int64_t>{median->time_since_epoch().count()} -
+        duration<std::int64_t>{times.self.time_since_epoch().count()});
+}
+
 /**
  * Whether we have or don't have a consensus
  */

include/xrpl/core/ServiceRegistry.h

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include <xrpl/basics/TaggedCache.h>
 #include <xrpl/basics/base_uint.h>
 #include <xrpl/beast/utility/Journal.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/Fees.h>
 
 #include <boost/asio.hpp>
 
@@ -246,6 +247,9 @@ public:
     virtual DatabaseCon&
     getWalletDB() = 0;
 
+    [[nodiscard]] virtual Fees
+    getFees() const = 0;
+
     // Temporary: Get the underlying Application for functions that haven't
     // been migrated yet. This should be removed once all code is migrated.
     virtual Application&

include/xrpl/ledger/ApplyViewImpl.h

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 #include <xrpl/protocol/TxMeta.h>
 
 #include <cstddef>
+#include <cstdint>
 #include <functional>
 #include <optional>
 
@@ -68,6 +69,18 @@ public:
         deliver_ = amount;
     }
 
+    void
+    setGasUsed(std::optional<std::uint32_t> const gasUsed)
+    {
+        gasUsed_ = gasUsed;
+    }
+
+    void
+    setVMReturnCode(std::int32_t const vmReturnCode)
+    {
+        vmReturnCode_ = vmReturnCode;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Get the number of modified entries
      */
@@ -88,6 +101,8 @@ public:
 
 private:
     std::optional<STAmount> deliver_;
+    std::optional<std::uint32_t> gasUsed_;
+    std::optional<std::int32_t> vmReturnCode_;
 };
 
 }  // namespace xrpl

include/xrpl/ledger/detail/ApplyStateTable.h

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 #include <xrpl/protocol/XRPAmount.h>
 
 #include <cstddef>
+#include <cstdint>
 #include <functional>
 #include <map>
 #include <optional>
@@ -62,6 +63,8 @@ public:
         TER ter,
         std::optional<STAmount> const& deliver,
         std::optional<uint256 const> const& parentBatchId,
+        std::optional<std::uint32_t> const& gasUsed,
+        std::optional<std::int32_t> const& vmReturnCode,
         bool isDryRun,
         beast::Journal j);
 

include/xrpl/ledger/helpers/EscrowHelpers.h

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 #include <xrpl/basics/Log.h>
 #include <xrpl/beast/utility/Journal.h>
+#include <xrpl/beast/utility/instrumentation.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/ApplyView.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/helpers/AccountRootHelpers.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/helpers/MPTokenHelpers.h>
@@ -15,6 +16,7 @@
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Issue.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Keylet.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/LedgerFormats.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/MPTAmount.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/MPTIssue.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Rate.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/SField.h>
@@ -23,6 +25,8 @@
 #include <xrpl/protocol/TER.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/UintTypes.h>
 
+#include <cstdint>
+
 namespace xrpl {
 
 template <ValidIssueType T>
@@ -241,10 +245,25 @@ escrowUnlockApplyHelper<MPTIssue>(
     auto finalAmt = amount;
     if ((!senderIssuer && !receiverIssuer) && lockedRate != kParityRate)
     {
-        // compute transfer fee, if any
-        auto const xferFee = amount.value() - divideRound(amount, lockedRate, amount.asset(), true);
-        // compute balance to transfer
-        finalAmt = amount.value() - xferFee;
+        if (ctx.view.rules().enabled(fixCleanup3_4_0))
+        {
+            XRPL_ASSERT(
+                lockedRate >= kParityRate,
+                "xrpl::escrowUnlockApplyHelper<MPTIssue> : lockedRate is at least parity");
+            // MPTs are integral, so round the delivered amount down and
+            // charge any fractional transfer fee to the escrowed amount.
+            auto const delivered =
+                mulRatio(amount.mpt(), kParityRate.value, lockedRate.value, false);
+            finalAmt = STAmount(amount.asset(), delivered.value());
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            // compute transfer fee, if any
+            auto const xferFee =
+                amount.value() - divideRound(amount, lockedRate, amount.asset(), true);
+            // compute balance to transfer
+            finalAmt = amount.value() - xferFee;
+        }
     }
     return unlockEscrowMPT(
         ctx.view,
@@ -255,4 +274,15 @@ escrowUnlockApplyHelper<MPTIssue>(
         journal);
 }
 
+template <class T>
+static int32_t
+calculateAdditionalReserve(T const& finishFunction)
+{
+    if (!finishFunction)
+        return 1;
+    // First 500 bytes included in the normal reserve
+    // Each additional 500 bytes requires an additional reserve
+    return 1 + (finishFunction->size() / 500);
+}
+
 }  // namespace xrpl

include/xrpl/nodestore/DatabaseRotating.h

@@ -5,30 +5,20 @@
 #include <xrpl/nodestore/Database.h>
 #include <xrpl/nodestore/Scheduler.h>
 
-#include <cstddef>
-#include <cstdint>
 #include <functional>
 #include <memory>
 #include <string>
-#include <vector>
 
 namespace xrpl::node_store {
 
-/* This class keeps a ring of append-only key-value Backend objects (generations)
- * for persisting SHAMap records, to facilitate online deletion of data. New nodes
- * are written to the newest (writable) generation; reads probe newest -> oldest.
- * Rather than copying the entire live state into a fresh backend every rotation
- * (O(total state)), a generation is dropped only once its still-live nodes have been
- * evacuated forward, so a cold node is re-stored ~once per ring cycle instead of every
- * rotation (O(churn)).
+/* This class has two key-value store Backend objects for persisting SHAMap
+ * records. This facilitates online deletion of data. New backends are
+ * rotated in. Old ones are rotated out and deleted.
  */
 
 class DatabaseRotating : public Database
 {
 public:
-    // Receives the full generation ring, ordered oldest -> newest, to persist durably.
-    using RingPersist = std::function<void(std::vector<std::string> const& generations)>;
-
     DatabaseRotating(
         Scheduler& scheduler,
         int readThreads,
@@ -39,51 +29,31 @@ public:
     }
 
     /**
-     * Append a fresh writable generation. The prior writable becomes a sealed,
-     * read-only generation that remains in the ring (still served by reads).
+     * Rotates the backends.
      *
-     * @param newWritable The new (empty) writable backend.
-     * @param persist Executed after the push, outside the lock, with the full ring
-     *        (oldest -> newest) so the caller can durably record it.
+     * @param newBackend New writable backend
+     * @param f A function executed after the rotation outside of lock. The
+     * values passed to f will be the new backend database names _after_
+     * rotation.
      */
     virtual void
-    advance(std::unique_ptr<Backend>&& newWritable, RingPersist const& persist) = 0;
+    rotate(
+        std::unique_ptr<node_store::Backend>&& newBackend,
+        std::function<void(std::string const& writableName, std::string const& archiveName)> const&
+            f) = 0;
 
     /**
-     * Number of live generations currently in the ring.
-     */
-    virtual std::size_t
-    generationCount() const = 0;
-
-    /**
-     * Number of live nodes copied forward out of the retiring generation during the
-     * current retire window (reset by beginRetire). This is the evacuation volume — the
-     * churn the ring pays in place of copying the whole live state every rotation — so it
-     * quantifies that reclamation is O(churn) rather than O(total state).
-     */
-    virtual std::uint64_t
-    copyForwardCount() const = 0;
-
-    /**
-     * Begin/end retiring the oldest generation. While a retire is in progress, any
-     * read served by the retiring generation is copied forward into the writable
-     * backend (even ordinary reads): that generation is about to be dropped, so its
-     * still-live nodes must be preserved. Copy-forward is scoped to the retiring
-     * generation only — reads served by other sealed generations are NOT copied, which
-     * is what keeps evacuation O(churn) rather than O(total state).
+     * Marks an online-delete rotation as in progress (or completed).
+     *
+     * While in flight, a read served by the archive backend is copied
+     * forward into the writable backend even for ordinary
+     * (duplicate == false) fetches: the archive is about to be deleted,
+     * and a node body canonicalized into caches during the rotation
+     * window would otherwise survive only in RAM once the archive is
+     * dropped.
      */
     virtual void
-    beginRetire() = 0;
-    virtual void
-    endRetire() = 0;
-
-    /**
-     * Drop the oldest generation (its survivors already evacuated during the retire
-     * window). The generation's directory is deleted only after @p persist records the
-     * shortened ring, so a crash never leaves a persisted name without its backend.
-     */
-    virtual void
-    retireOldest(RingPersist const& persist) = 0;
+    setRotationInFlight(bool inFlight) = 0;
 };
 
 }  // namespace xrpl::node_store

include/xrpl/nodestore/detail/DatabaseRotatingImp.h

@@ -10,13 +10,11 @@
 #include <xrpl/nodestore/Scheduler.h>
 
 #include <atomic>
-#include <cstddef>
 #include <cstdint>
 #include <functional>
 #include <memory>
 #include <mutex>
 #include <string>
-#include <vector>
 
 namespace xrpl::node_store {
 
@@ -28,11 +26,11 @@ public:
     DatabaseRotatingImp&
     operator=(DatabaseRotatingImp const&) = delete;
 
-    // Generations are ordered oldest -> newest; the last is the writable backend.
     DatabaseRotatingImp(
         Scheduler& scheduler,
         int readThreads,
-        std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Backend>> generations,
+        std::shared_ptr<Backend> writableBackend,
+        std::shared_ptr<Backend> archiveBackend,
         Section const& config,
         beast::Journal j);
 
@@ -42,22 +40,10 @@ public:
     }
 
     void
-    advance(std::unique_ptr<Backend>&& newWritable, RingPersist const& persist) override;
-
-    std::size_t
-    generationCount() const override;
-
-    std::uint64_t
-    copyForwardCount() const override;
-
-    void
-    beginRetire() override;
-
-    void
-    endRetire() override;
-
-    void
-    retireOldest(RingPersist const& persist) override;
+    rotate(
+        std::unique_ptr<node_store::Backend>&& newBackend,
+        std::function<void(std::string const& writableName, std::string const& archiveName)> const&
+            f) override;
 
     std::string
     getName() const override;
@@ -84,22 +70,20 @@ public:
     void
     sweep() override;
 
+    void
+    setRotationInFlight(bool inFlight) override;
+
 private:
-    // Immutable snapshot of the generation ring, ordered oldest (front) -> newest (back);
-    // back() is the writable backend. Replaced copy-on-write under mutex_ by advance() /
-    // retireOldest(); fetchNodeObject takes a shared_ptr copy and iterates it lock-free,
-    // so the hot read path never allocates and never blocks writers.
-    std::shared_ptr<std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Backend>>> ring_;
-    // The oldest generation while it is being retired (evacuated then dropped), else
-    // null. A read served by this generation is copied forward into the writable
-    // backend so its survivors are preserved before it is dropped; copy-forward is
-    // scoped to this generation only (reads from other sealed generations are not
-    // copied), which keeps evacuation O(churn) instead of O(total state).
-    std::shared_ptr<Backend> retiring_;
+    std::shared_ptr<Backend> writableBackend_;
+    std::shared_ptr<Backend> archiveBackend_;
     mutable std::mutex mutex_;
 
-    // Tally of nodes copied forward out of the retiring generation, for the summary
-    // line logged when the generation is dropped.
+    // True between SHAMapStore starting the cache-freshen phase and the
+    // completion of rotate(). While true, archive hits on ordinary
+    // (duplicate == false) fetches are copied forward into the writable
+    // backend; copyForwardCount_ tallies them per rotation for the
+    // summary line logged at swap.
+    std::atomic<bool> rotationInFlight_{false};
     std::atomic<std::uint64_t> copyForwardCount_{0};
 
     std::shared_ptr<NodeObject>

include/xrpl/proto/xrpl.proto

@@ -301,14 +301,15 @@ message TMLedgerData {
 }
 
 message TMPing {
+  // Previously used - don't reuse.
+  reserved 3, 4;
+
   enum pingType {
     ptPING = 0;  // we want a reply
     ptPONG = 1;  // this is a reply
   }
   required pingType type = 1;
-  optional uint32 seq = 2;       // detect stale replies, ensure other side is reading
-  optional uint64 pingTime = 3;  // know when we think we sent the ping
-  optional uint64 netTime = 4;
+  optional uint32 seq = 2;  // detect stale replies, ensure other side is reading
 }
 
 message TMSquelch {

include/xrpl/protocol/Fees.h

@@ -10,6 +10,15 @@ namespace xrpl {
 // This was the reference fee units used in the old fee calculation.
 inline constexpr std::uint32_t kFeeUnitsDeprecated = 10;
 
+// Number of micro-drops in one drop.
+constexpr std::uint32_t microDropsPerDrop{1'000'000};
+
+/**
+ * Maximum Feature Extension fee settings.
+ */
+inline constexpr std::uint32_t kMaxGasLimit{2'000'000};
+inline constexpr std::uint32_t kMaxBytecodeSizeLimit{200'000};
+
 /**
  * Reflects the fee settings for a particular ledger.
  *
@@ -33,6 +42,21 @@ struct Fees
      */
     XRPAmount increment{0};
 
+    /**
+     * @brief Gas limit for Feature Extensions (instructions).
+     */
+    std::uint32_t gasLimit{0};
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Bytecode size limit for Feature Extensions (bytes).
+     */
+    std::uint32_t bytecodeSizeLimit{0};
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Price of WASM gas (micro-drops).
+     */
+    std::uint32_t gasPrice{0};
+
     explicit Fees() = default;
     Fees(Fees const&) = default;
     Fees&

include/xrpl/protocol/Indexes.h

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 #include <xrpl/protocol/LedgerFormats.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Protocol.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/STXChainBridge.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/SeqProxy.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/UintTypes.h>
 
 #include <array>
@@ -21,8 +22,6 @@
 #include <utility>
 
 namespace xrpl {
-
-class SeqProxy;
 /**
  * Keylet computation functions.
  *
@@ -123,7 +122,7 @@ trustLine(AccountID const& id, Issue const& issue) noexcept
  */
 /** @{ */
 Keylet
-offer(AccountID const& id, std::uint32_t seq) noexcept;
+offer(AccountID const& id, SeqProxy const& seq) noexcept;
 
 inline Keylet
 offer(uint256 const& key) noexcept
@@ -136,7 +135,7 @@ offer(uint256 const& key) noexcept
  * The initial directory page for a specific quality
  */
 Keylet
-quality(Keylet const& k, std::uint64_t q) noexcept;
+quality(Keylet const& k, std::uint64_t const q) noexcept;
 
 /**
  * The directory for the next lower quality
@@ -149,10 +148,7 @@ next(Keylet const& k);
  */
 /** @{ */
 Keylet
-ticket(AccountID const& id, std::uint32_t ticketSeq);
-
-Keylet
-ticket(AccountID const& id, SeqProxy ticketSeq);
+ticket(AccountID const& id, SeqProxy const& ticketSeq);
 
 inline Keylet
 ticket(uint256 const& key)
@@ -178,7 +174,7 @@ sponsorship(AccountID const& sponsor, AccountID const& sponsee) noexcept;
  */
 /** @{ */
 Keylet
-check(AccountID const& id, std::uint32_t seq) noexcept;
+check(AccountID const& id, SeqProxy const& seq) noexcept;
 
 inline Keylet
 check(uint256 const& key) noexcept
@@ -225,10 +221,10 @@ ownerDir(AccountID const& id) noexcept;
  */
 /** @{ */
 Keylet
-page(uint256 const& root, std::uint64_t index = 0) noexcept;
+page(uint256 const& root, std::uint64_t const index = 0) noexcept;
 
 inline Keylet
-page(Keylet const& root, std::uint64_t index = 0) noexcept
+page(Keylet const& root, std::uint64_t const index = 0) noexcept
 {
     XRPL_ASSERT(root.type == ltDIR_NODE, "xrpl::keylet::page : valid root type");
     return page(root.key, index);
@@ -239,13 +235,19 @@ page(Keylet const& root, std::uint64_t index = 0) noexcept
  * An escrow entry
  */
 Keylet
-escrow(AccountID const& src, std::uint32_t seq) noexcept;
+escrow(AccountID const& src, SeqProxy const& seq) noexcept;
+
+inline Keylet
+escrow(uint256 const& key) noexcept
+{
+    return {ltESCROW, key};
+}
 
 /**
  * A PaymentChannel
  */
 Keylet
-payChannel(AccountID const& src, AccountID const& dst, std::uint32_t seq) noexcept;
+payChannel(AccountID const& src, AccountID const& dst, SeqProxy const& seq) noexcept;
 
 /**
  * NFT page keylets
@@ -276,7 +278,7 @@ nftokenPage(Keylet const& k, uint256 const& token);
  * An offer from an account to buy or sell an NFT
  */
 Keylet
-nftokenOffer(AccountID const& owner, std::uint32_t seq);
+nftokenOffer(AccountID const& owner, SeqProxy const& seq);
 
 inline Keylet
 nftokenOffer(uint256 const& offer)
@@ -316,17 +318,17 @@ bridge(STXChainBridge const& bridge, STXChainBridge::ChainType chainType);
 
 // `seq` is stored as `sfXChainClaimID` in the object
 Keylet
-xChainClaimID(STXChainBridge const& bridge, std::uint64_t seq);
+xChainClaimID(STXChainBridge const& bridge, std::uint64_t const seq);
 
 // `seq` is stored as `sfXChainAccountCreateCount` in the object
 Keylet
-xChainCreateAccountClaimID(STXChainBridge const& bridge, std::uint64_t seq);
+xChainCreateAccountClaimID(STXChainBridge const& bridge, std::uint64_t const seq);
 
 Keylet
 did(AccountID const& account) noexcept;
 
 Keylet
-oracle(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t const& documentID) noexcept;
+oracle(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t const documentID) noexcept;
 
 Keylet
 credential(AccountID const& subject, AccountID const& issuer, Slice const& credType) noexcept;
@@ -337,9 +339,6 @@ credential(uint256 const& key) noexcept
     return {ltCREDENTIAL, key};
 }
 
-Keylet
-mptokenIssuance(std::uint32_t seq, AccountID const& issuer) noexcept;
-
 Keylet
 mptokenIssuance(MPTID const& issuanceID) noexcept;
 
@@ -362,7 +361,7 @@ Keylet
 mptoken(uint256 const& issuanceKey, AccountID const& holder) noexcept;
 
 Keylet
-vault(AccountID const& owner, std::uint32_t seq) noexcept;
+vault(AccountID const& owner, SeqProxy const& seq) noexcept;
 
 inline Keylet
 vault(uint256 const& vaultKey)
@@ -371,7 +370,7 @@ vault(uint256 const& vaultKey)
 }
 
 Keylet
-loanBroker(AccountID const& owner, std::uint32_t seq) noexcept;
+loanBroker(AccountID const& owner, SeqProxy const& seq) noexcept;
 
 inline Keylet
 loanBroker(uint256 const& key)
@@ -380,7 +379,7 @@ loanBroker(uint256 const& key)
 }
 
 Keylet
-loan(uint256 const& loanBrokerID, std::uint32_t loanSeq) noexcept;
+loan(uint256 const& loanBrokerID, SeqProxy const& loanSeq) noexcept;
 
 inline Keylet
 loan(uint256 const& key)
@@ -389,7 +388,7 @@ loan(uint256 const& key)
 }
 
 Keylet
-permissionedDomain(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t seq) noexcept;
+permissionedDomain(AccountID const& account, SeqProxy const& seq) noexcept;
 
 Keylet
 permissionedDomain(uint256 const& domainID) noexcept;
@@ -407,12 +406,6 @@ getQualityNext(uint256 const& uBase);
 std::uint64_t
 getQuality(uint256 const& uBase);
 
-uint256
-getTicketIndex(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t uSequence);
-
-uint256
-getTicketIndex(AccountID const& account, SeqProxy ticketSeq);
-
 template <class... KeyletParams>
 // NOLINTNEXTLINE(cppcoreguidelines-pro-type-member-init)
 struct KeyletDesc
@@ -426,6 +419,6 @@ struct KeyletDesc
 extern std::array<KeyletDesc<AccountID const&>, 6> const kDirectAccountKeylets;
 
 MPTID
-makeMptID(std::uint32_t sequence, AccountID const& account);
+makeMptID(std::uint32_t const sequence, AccountID const& account);
 
 }  // namespace xrpl

include/xrpl/protocol/LedgerFormats.h

@@ -190,17 +190,6 @@ enum LedgerEntryType : std::uint16_t {
         LSF_FLAG(lsfMPTCanClawback, 0x00000040)                                                                                    \
         LSF_FLAG(lsfMPTCanHoldConfidentialBalance, 0x00000080))                                                                         \
                                                                                                                                    \
-    LEDGER_OBJECT(MPTokenIssuanceMutable,                                                                                          \
-        LSF_FLAG(lsmfMPTCanEnableCanLock, 0x00000002)                                                                              \
-        LSF_FLAG(lsmfMPTCanEnableRequireAuth, 0x00000004)                                                                          \
-        LSF_FLAG(lsmfMPTCanEnableCanEscrow, 0x00000008)                                                                            \
-        LSF_FLAG(lsmfMPTCanEnableCanTrade, 0x00000010)                                                                             \
-        LSF_FLAG(lsmfMPTCanEnableCanTransfer, 0x00000020)                                                                          \
-        LSF_FLAG(lsmfMPTCanEnableCanClawback, 0x00000040)                                                                          \
-        LSF_FLAG(lsmfMPTCannotEnableCanHoldConfidentialBalance, 0x00000080)                                                                          \
-        LSF_FLAG(lsmfMPTCanMutateMetadata, 0x00010000)                                                                             \
-        LSF_FLAG(lsmfMPTCanMutateTransferFee, 0x00020000))                                                            \
-                                                                                                                                   \
     LEDGER_OBJECT(MPToken,                                                                                                         \
         LSF_FLAG2(lsfMPTLocked, 0x00000001)                                                                                        \
         LSF_FLAG(lsfMPTAuthorized, 0x00000002)                                                                                     \
@@ -294,6 +283,17 @@ getAllLedgerFlags()
 #pragma pop_macro("TO_MAP")
 #pragma pop_macro("ALL_LEDGER_FLAGS")
 
+// MPTokenIssuance ImmutableFlags (sfImmutableFlags)
+inline constexpr std::uint32_t lsifMPTCanLock = 0x00000002;
+inline constexpr std::uint32_t lsifMPTRequireAuth = 0x00000004;
+inline constexpr std::uint32_t lsifMPTCanEscrow = 0x00000008;
+inline constexpr std::uint32_t lsifMPTCanTrade = 0x00000010;
+inline constexpr std::uint32_t lsifMPTCanTransfer = 0x00000020;
+inline constexpr std::uint32_t lsifMPTCanClawback = 0x00000040;
+inline constexpr std::uint32_t lsifMPTCanHoldConfidentialBalance = 0x00000080;
+inline constexpr std::uint32_t lsifMPTMetadata = 0x00010000;
+inline constexpr std::uint32_t lsifMPTTransferFee = 0x00020000;
+
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 /**

include/xrpl/protocol/Protocol.h

@@ -333,6 +333,16 @@ enum class VaultVersion : uint8_t {
  */
 constexpr std::uint8_t kMaxAssetCheckDepth = 5;
 
+/**
+ * Maximum length of a Data field in Escrow object that can be updated by WASM code.
+ */
+constexpr std::size_t kMaxWasmDataLength = 1 * 1024;  // 1KB
+
+/**
+ * Maximum amount of data transfer across hostfunction<->wasm border.
+ */
+constexpr std::size_t kWasmTransferLimit = 1 << 20;  // 1MB
+
 /**
  * A ledger index.
  */

include/xrpl/protocol/STObject.h

@@ -90,7 +90,11 @@ public:
     operator=(STObject&& other);
 
     STObject(SOTemplate const& type, SField const& name);
-    STObject(SOTemplate const& type, SerialIter& sit, SField const& name);
+    STObject(
+        SOTemplate const& type,
+        SerialIter& sit,
+        SField const& name,
+        bool requireCanonicalOrder = false);
     STObject(SerialIter& sit, SField const& name, int depth = 0);
     STObject(SerialIter&& sit, SField const& name);
     explicit STObject(SField const& name);
@@ -123,7 +127,7 @@ public:
     set(SOTemplate const&);
 
     bool
-    set(SerialIter& u, int depth = 0);
+    set(SerialIter& u, int depth = 0, bool requireCanonicalOrder = false);
 
     [[nodiscard]] SerializedTypeID
     getSType() const override;

include/xrpl/protocol/STPathSet.h

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <xrpl/basics/CountedObject.h>
+#include <xrpl/basics/UnorderedContainers.h>
 #include <xrpl/beast/utility/instrumentation.h>
 #include <xrpl/json/json_value.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/AccountID.h>
@@ -108,6 +109,9 @@ public:
     [[nodiscard]] bool
     isType(Type const& pe) const;
 
+    [[nodiscard]] size_t
+    getHash() const;
+
     bool
     operator==(STPathElement const& t) const;
 
@@ -171,12 +175,23 @@ public:
     reserve(size_t s);
 };
 
+template <class Hasher>
+void
+hash_append(Hasher& h, STPath const& p) noexcept
+{
+    for (auto const& e : p)
+    {
+        beast::hash_append(h, e.getHash());
+    }
+}
+
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 // A set of zero or more payment paths
 class STPathSet final : public STBase, public CountedObject<STPathSet>
 {
     std::vector<STPath> value_;
+    xrpl::hardened_hash_set<STPath> seenHashes_;
 
 public:
     STPathSet() = default;
@@ -205,9 +220,6 @@ public:
     std::vector<STPath>::const_reference
     operator[](std::vector<STPath>::size_type n) const;
 
-    std::vector<STPath>::reference
-    operator[](std::vector<STPath>::size_type n);
-
     [[nodiscard]] std::vector<STPath>::const_iterator
     begin() const;
 
@@ -227,6 +239,9 @@ public:
     void
     emplaceBack(Args&&... args);
 
+    [[nodiscard]] bool
+    contains(STPath const& path) const;
+
 private:
     STBase*
     copy(std::size_t n, void* buf) const override;
@@ -515,12 +530,6 @@ STPathSet::operator[](std::vector<STPath>::size_type n) const
     return value_[n];
 }
 
-inline std::vector<STPath>::reference
-STPathSet::operator[](std::vector<STPath>::size_type n)
-{
-    return value_[n];
-}
-
 inline std::vector<STPath>::const_iterator
 STPathSet::begin() const
 {
@@ -549,6 +558,7 @@ inline void
 STPathSet::pushBack(STPath const& e)
 {
     value_.push_back(e);
+    seenHashes_.emplace(value_.back());
 }
 
 template <typename... Args>
@@ -556,6 +566,13 @@ inline void
 STPathSet::emplaceBack(Args&&... args)
 {
     value_.emplace_back(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+    seenHashes_.emplace(value_.back());
+}
+
+inline bool
+STPathSet::contains(STPath const& path) const
+{
+    return seenHashes_.contains(path);
 }
 
 }  // namespace xrpl

include/xrpl/protocol/STTx.h

@@ -93,12 +93,6 @@ public:
     [[nodiscard]] SeqProxy
     getSeqProxy() const;
 
-    /**
-     * Returns the first non-zero value of (Sequence, TicketSequence).
-     */
-    [[nodiscard]] std::uint32_t
-    getSeqValue() const;
-
     [[nodiscard]] boost::container::flat_set<AccountID>
     getMentionedAccounts() const;
 

include/xrpl/protocol/STValidation.h

@@ -54,6 +54,22 @@ class STValidation final : public STObject, public CountedObject<STValidation>
     NetClock::time_point seenTime_;
 
 public:
+    /**
+     * @struct DeserializeOptions
+     * @brief Options controlling deserialization of a STValidation.
+
+     * @var DeserializeOptions::checkSignature
+     * Whether to verify the data was signed properly
+     *
+     * @var DeserializeOptions::requireCanonicalOrder
+     * Whether to require the fields to be in canonical order
+     */
+    struct DeserializeOptions
+    {
+        bool checkSignature;
+        bool requireCanonicalOrder;
+    };
+
     /**
      * Construct a STValidation from a peer from serialized data.
      *
@@ -64,12 +80,12 @@ public:
      *                     that signed the validation. For manifest based
      *                     validators, this should be the NodeID of the master
      *                     public key.
-     * @param checkSignature Whether to verify the data was signed properly
+     * @param options Options controlling deserialization
      *
      * @note Throws if the object is not valid
      */
     template <class LookupNodeID>
-    STValidation(SerialIter& sit, LookupNodeID&& lookupNodeID, bool checkSignature);
+    STValidation(SerialIter& sit, LookupNodeID&& lookupNodeID, DeserializeOptions options);
 
     /**
      * Construct, sign and trust a new STValidation issued by this node.
@@ -163,8 +179,8 @@ private:
 };
 
 template <class LookupNodeID>
-STValidation::STValidation(SerialIter& sit, LookupNodeID&& lookupNodeID, bool checkSignature)
-    : STObject(validationFormat(), sit, sfValidation)
+STValidation::STValidation(SerialIter& sit, LookupNodeID&& lookupNodeID, DeserializeOptions options)
+    : STObject(validationFormat(), sit, sfValidation, options.requireCanonicalOrder)
     , signingPubKey_([this]() {
         auto const spk = getFieldVL(sfSigningPubKey);
 
@@ -175,7 +191,7 @@ STValidation::STValidation(SerialIter& sit, LookupNodeID&& lookupNodeID, bool ch
     }())
     , nodeID_(lookupNodeID(signingPubKey_))
 {
-    if (checkSignature && !isValid())
+    if (options.checkSignature && !isValid())
     {
         JLOG(debugLog().error()) << "Invalid signature in validation: "
                                  << getJson(JsonOptions::Values::None);

include/xrpl/protocol/SeqProxy.h

@@ -53,14 +53,29 @@ public:
     operator=(SeqProxy const& other) = default;
 
     /**
-     * Factory function to return a sequence-based SeqProxy
+     * Factory function to return a sequence-based SeqProxy.
+     * Outside of tests, this function should only be used for "secondary" transaction sequences,
+     * e.g. `sfOfferSequence`, or sequence fields in an existing ledger object. DO NOT use this for
+     * the "primary" sequence of a transaction, `sfSequence`.
      */
     static constexpr SeqProxy
-    sequence(std::uint32_t v)
+    rawSequence(std::uint32_t v)
     {
         return SeqProxy{Type::Seq, v};
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Factory function to return a ticket-based SeqProxy.
+     * Outside of tests, this function should only be used for "secondary" transaction sequences,
+     * e.g. `sfOfferSequence`, or sequence fields in an existing ledger object. DO NOT use this for
+     * the "primary" ticket sequence of a transaction, `sfTicketSequence`.
+     */
+    static constexpr SeqProxy
+    rawTicket(std::uint32_t v)
+    {
+        return SeqProxy{Type::Ticket, v};
+    }
+
     [[nodiscard]] constexpr std::uint32_t
     value() const
     {

include/xrpl/protocol/TER.h

@@ -129,8 +129,12 @@ enum TEMcodes : TERUnderlyingType {
     temARRAY_TOO_LARGE,
     temBAD_TRANSFER_FEE,
     temINVALID_INNER_BATCH,
+
     temBAD_MPT,
     temBAD_CIPHERTEXT,
+    temBAD_WASM,
+    temINVALID_BYTECODE,
+    temTEMP_DISABLED,
 };
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -179,6 +183,8 @@ enum TEFcodes : TERUnderlyingType {
     tefINVALID_LEDGER_FIX_TYPE,
     tefNO_DST_PARTIAL,
     tefBAD_PATH_COUNT,
+    tefNO_BYTECODE,
+    tefBYTECODE_NOT_INCLUDED,
 };
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -370,6 +376,8 @@ enum TECcodes : TERUnderlyingType {
     tecNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION = 198,
     tecBAD_PROOF = 199,
     tecNO_SPONSOR_PERMISSION = 200,
+    tecOUT_OF_GAS = 201,
+    tecBYTECODE_REJECTED = 202,
 };
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------

include/xrpl/protocol/TxFlags.h

@@ -152,7 +152,14 @@ inline constexpr FlagValue tfUniversalMask = ~tfUniversal;
                                                                                                                                                                \
     TRANSACTION(MPTokenIssuanceSet,                                                                                                                            \
         TF_FLAG(tfMPTLock, 0x00000001)                                                                                                                         \
-        TF_FLAG(tfMPTUnlock, 0x00000002),                                                                                                                      \
+        TF_FLAG(tfMPTUnlock, 0x00000002)                                                                                                                       \
+        TF_FLAG(tfMPTSetCanLock, 0x00000004)                                                                                                                   \
+        TF_FLAG(tfMPTSetRequireAuth, 0x00000008)                                                                                                               \
+        TF_FLAG(tfMPTSetCanEscrow, 0x00000010)                                                                                                                 \
+        TF_FLAG(tfMPTSetCanTrade, 0x00000020)                                                                                                                  \
+        TF_FLAG(tfMPTSetCanTransfer, 0x00000040)                                                                                                               \
+        TF_FLAG(tfMPTSetCanClawback, 0x00000080)                                                                                                               \
+        TF_FLAG(tfMPTSetCanHoldConfidentialBalance, 0x00000100),                                                                                               \
         MASK_ADJ(0))                                                                                                                                           \
                                                                                                                                                                \
     TRANSACTION(NFTokenCreateOffer,                                                                                                                            \
@@ -356,38 +363,26 @@ inline constexpr FlagValue tfMPTPaymentMask = ~(tfUniversal | tfPartialPayment);
 inline constexpr FlagValue tfTrustSetPermissionMask =
     ~(tfUniversal | tfSetfAuth | tfSetFreeze | tfClearFreeze);
 
-// MPTokenIssuanceCreate MutableFlags:
-// Indicating specific fields or flags may be changed after issuance.
-inline constexpr FlagValue tmfMPTCanEnableCanLock = lsmfMPTCanEnableCanLock;
-inline constexpr FlagValue tmfMPTCanEnableRequireAuth = lsmfMPTCanEnableRequireAuth;
-inline constexpr FlagValue tmfMPTCanEnableCanEscrow = lsmfMPTCanEnableCanEscrow;
-inline constexpr FlagValue tmfMPTCanEnableCanTrade = lsmfMPTCanEnableCanTrade;
-inline constexpr FlagValue tmfMPTCanEnableCanTransfer = lsmfMPTCanEnableCanTransfer;
-inline constexpr FlagValue tmfMPTCanEnableCanClawback = lsmfMPTCanEnableCanClawback;
-inline constexpr FlagValue tmfMPTCanMutateMetadata = lsmfMPTCanMutateMetadata;
-inline constexpr FlagValue tmfMPTCanMutateTransferFee = lsmfMPTCanMutateTransferFee;
-inline constexpr FlagValue tmfMPTCannotEnableCanHoldConfidentialBalance =
-    lsmfMPTCannotEnableCanHoldConfidentialBalance;
-inline constexpr FlagValue tmfMPTokenIssuanceCreateMutableMask =
-    ~(tmfMPTCanEnableCanLock | tmfMPTCanEnableRequireAuth | tmfMPTCanEnableCanEscrow |
-      tmfMPTCanEnableCanTrade | tmfMPTCanEnableCanTransfer | tmfMPTCanEnableCanClawback |
-      tmfMPTCanMutateMetadata | tmfMPTCanMutateTransferFee |
-      tmfMPTCannotEnableCanHoldConfidentialBalance);
+// MPTokenIssuanceCreate / MPTokenIssuanceSet ImmutableFlags:
+// Defines the immutable fields and flags specific to MPTokenIssuance.
+inline constexpr FlagValue tifMPTCanLock = lsifMPTCanLock;
+inline constexpr FlagValue tifMPTRequireAuth = lsifMPTRequireAuth;
+inline constexpr FlagValue tifMPTCanEscrow = lsifMPTCanEscrow;
+inline constexpr FlagValue tifMPTCanTrade = lsifMPTCanTrade;
+inline constexpr FlagValue tifMPTCanTransfer = lsifMPTCanTransfer;
+inline constexpr FlagValue tifMPTCanClawback = lsifMPTCanClawback;
+inline constexpr FlagValue tifMPTMetadata = lsifMPTMetadata;
+inline constexpr FlagValue tifMPTTransferFee = lsifMPTTransferFee;
+inline constexpr FlagValue tifMPTCanHoldConfidentialBalance = lsifMPTCanHoldConfidentialBalance;
+inline constexpr FlagValue tifMPTokenIssuanceImmutableMask =
+    ~(tifMPTCanLock | tifMPTRequireAuth | tifMPTCanEscrow | tifMPTCanTrade | tifMPTCanTransfer |
+      tifMPTCanClawback | tifMPTMetadata | tifMPTTransferFee | tifMPTCanHoldConfidentialBalance);
 
-// MPTokenIssuanceSet MutableFlags:
-// Enable mutable capability flags. These flags are one-way: once enabled,
-// the corresponding capability cannot be disabled by MPTokenIssuanceSet.
-
-inline constexpr FlagValue tmfMPTSetCanLock = 0x00000001;
-inline constexpr FlagValue tmfMPTSetRequireAuth = 0x00000002;
-inline constexpr FlagValue tmfMPTSetCanEscrow = 0x00000004;
-inline constexpr FlagValue tmfMPTSetCanTrade = 0x00000008;
-inline constexpr FlagValue tmfMPTSetCanTransfer = 0x00000010;
-inline constexpr FlagValue tmfMPTSetCanClawback = 0x00000020;
-inline constexpr FlagValue tmfMPTSetCanHoldConfidentialBalance = 0x00000040;
-inline constexpr FlagValue tmfMPTokenIssuanceSetMutableMask =
-    ~(tmfMPTSetCanLock | tmfMPTSetRequireAuth | tmfMPTSetCanEscrow | tmfMPTSetCanTrade |
-      tmfMPTSetCanTransfer | tmfMPTSetCanClawback | tmfMPTSetCanHoldConfidentialBalance);
+// MPTokenIssuanceSet set of flags that is used to enable capabilities on an MPTokenIssuance.
+// Used as `txFlags & tfMPTokenIssuanceSetEnableFlagMask` to extract the capability-enabling bits.
+inline constexpr FlagValue tfMPTokenIssuanceSetEnableFlagMask = tfMPTSetCanLock |
+    tfMPTSetRequireAuth | tfMPTSetCanEscrow | tfMPTSetCanTrade | tfMPTSetCanTransfer |
+    tfMPTSetCanClawback | tfMPTSetCanHoldConfidentialBalance;
 
 // Prior to fixRemoveNFTokenAutoTrustLine, transfer of an NFToken between accounts allowed a
 // TrustLine to be added to the issuer of that token without explicit permission from that issuer.

include/xrpl/protocol/TxMeta.h

@@ -95,6 +95,12 @@ public:
 
         if (obj.isFieldPresent(sfParentBatchID))
             parentBatchID_ = obj.getFieldH256(sfParentBatchID);
+
+        if (obj.isFieldPresent(sfGasUsed))
+            gasUsed_ = obj.getFieldU32(sfGasUsed);
+
+        if (obj.isFieldPresent(sfVMReturnCode))
+            vmReturnCode_ = obj.getFieldI32(sfVMReturnCode);
     }
 
     [[nodiscard]] std::optional<STAmount> const&
@@ -115,6 +121,30 @@ public:
         parentBatchID_ = id;
     }
 
+    void
+    setGasUsed(std::optional<std::uint32_t> const gasUsed)
+    {
+        gasUsed_ = gasUsed;
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] std::optional<std::uint32_t> const&
+    getGasUsed() const
+    {
+        return gasUsed_;
+    }
+
+    void
+    setVMReturnCode(std::optional<std::int32_t> const vmReturnCode)
+    {
+        vmReturnCode_ = vmReturnCode;
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] std::optional<std::int32_t> const&
+    getVMReturnCode() const
+    {
+        return vmReturnCode_;
+    }
+
 private:
     uint256 transactionID_;
     std::uint32_t ledgerSeq_;
@@ -123,6 +153,8 @@ private:
 
     std::optional<STAmount> deliveredAmount_;
     std::optional<uint256> parentBatchID_;
+    std::optional<std::uint32_t> gasUsed_;
+    std::optional<std::int32_t> vmReturnCode_;
 
     STArray nodes_;
 };

include/xrpl/protocol/detail/features.macro

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 // Keep it sorted in reverse chronological order.
 
 XRPL_FIX    (Cleanup3_4_0,                Supported::Yes, VoteBehavior::DefaultNo)
+XRPL_FEATURE(SmartEscrow,                 Supported::Yes, VoteBehavior::DefaultNo)
 XRPL_FEATURE(Sponsor,                     Supported::Yes, VoteBehavior::DefaultNo)
 XRPL_FEATURE(BatchV1_1,                   Supported::Yes, VoteBehavior::DefaultNo)
 XRPL_FEATURE(LendingProtocolV1_1,         Supported::No,  VoteBehavior::DefaultNo)
@@ -59,7 +60,6 @@ XRPL_FIX    (PreviousTxnID,              Supported::Yes, VoteBehavior::DefaultNo
 XRPL_FIX    (XChainRewardRounding,       Supported::Yes, VoteBehavior::DefaultNo)
 XRPL_FIX    (EmptyDID,                   Supported::Yes, VoteBehavior::DefaultNo)
 XRPL_FEATURE(PriceOracle,                Supported::Yes, VoteBehavior::DefaultNo)
-XRPL_FIX    (AMMOverflowOffer,           Supported::Yes, VoteBehavior::DefaultYes)
 XRPL_FIX    (FillOrKill,                 Supported::Yes, VoteBehavior::DefaultNo)
 XRPL_FEATURE(DID,                        Supported::Yes, VoteBehavior::DefaultNo)
 XRPL_FEATURE(XChainBridge,               Supported::Yes, VoteBehavior::DefaultNo)
@@ -100,6 +100,7 @@ XRPL_RETIRE_FIX(1578)
 XRPL_RETIRE_FIX(1623)
 XRPL_RETIRE_FIX(1781)
 XRPL_RETIRE_FIX(AmendmentMajorityCalc)
+XRPL_RETIRE_FIX(AMMOverflowOffer)
 XRPL_RETIRE_FIX(CheckThreading)
 XRPL_RETIRE_FIX(DisallowIncomingV1)
 XRPL_RETIRE_FIX(InnerObjTemplate)

include/xrpl/protocol/detail/ledger_entries.macro

@@ -309,6 +309,11 @@ LEDGER_ENTRY(ltFEE_SETTINGS, 0x0073, FeeSettings, fee, ({
     {sfBaseFeeDrops,           SoeOptional},
     {sfReserveBaseDrops,       SoeOptional},
     {sfReserveIncrementDrops,  SoeOptional},
+    // Smart Escrow fields
+    {sfGasLimit,               SoeOptional},
+    {sfBytecodeSizeLimit,      SoeOptional},
+    {sfGasPrice,               SoeOptional},
+
     {sfPreviousTxnID,          SoeOptional},
     {sfPreviousTxnLgrSeq,      SoeOptional},
 }))
@@ -339,6 +344,8 @@ LEDGER_ENTRY(ltESCROW, 0x0075, Escrow, escrow, ({
     {sfCondition,            SoeOptional},
     {sfCancelAfter,          SoeOptional},
     {sfFinishAfter,          SoeOptional},
+    {sfBytecode,             SoeOptional},
+    {sfData,                 SoeOptional},
     {sfSourceTag,            SoeOptional},
     {sfDestinationTag,       SoeOptional},
     {sfOwnerNode,            SoeRequired},
@@ -404,7 +411,7 @@ LEDGER_ENTRY(ltMPTOKEN_ISSUANCE, 0x007e, MPTokenIssuance, mpt_issuance, ({
     {sfPreviousTxnID,            SoeRequired},
     {sfPreviousTxnLgrSeq,        SoeRequired},
     {sfDomainID,                 SoeOptional},
-    {sfMutableFlags,             SoeDefault},
+    {sfImmutableFlags,           SoeDefault},
     {sfReferenceHolding,         SoeOptional},
     {sfIssuerEncryptionKey,      SoeOptional},
     {sfAuditorEncryptionKey,     SoeOptional},

include/xrpl/protocol/detail/sfields.macro

@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ TYPED_SFIELD(sfVoteWeight,               UINT32,    48)
 TYPED_SFIELD(sfFirstNFTokenSequence,     UINT32,    50)
 TYPED_SFIELD(sfOracleDocumentID,         UINT32,    51)
 TYPED_SFIELD(sfPermissionValue,          UINT32,    52)
-TYPED_SFIELD(sfMutableFlags,             UINT32,    53)
+TYPED_SFIELD(sfImmutableFlags,           UINT32,    53)
 TYPED_SFIELD(sfStartDate,                UINT32,    54)
 TYPED_SFIELD(sfPaymentInterval,          UINT32,    55)
 TYPED_SFIELD(sfGracePeriod,              UINT32,    56)
@@ -120,6 +120,11 @@ TYPED_SFIELD(sfSponsoringOwnerCount,     UINT32,    71)
 TYPED_SFIELD(sfSponsoringAccountCount,   UINT32,    72)
 TYPED_SFIELD(sfRemainingOwnerCount,      UINT32,    73)
 TYPED_SFIELD(sfSponsorFlags,             UINT32,    74)
+TYPED_SFIELD(sfGasLimit,                 UINT32,    75)
+TYPED_SFIELD(sfBytecodeSizeLimit,        UINT32,    76)
+TYPED_SFIELD(sfGasPrice,                 UINT32,    77)
+TYPED_SFIELD(sfGas,                      UINT32,    78)
+TYPED_SFIELD(sfGasUsed,                  UINT32,    79)
 
 // 64-bit integers (common)
 TYPED_SFIELD(sfIndexNext,                UINT64,     1)
@@ -237,8 +242,10 @@ TYPED_SFIELD(sfTotalValueOutstanding,    NUMBER,     15, SField::kSmdNeedsAsset
 TYPED_SFIELD(sfPeriodicPayment,          NUMBER,     16)
 TYPED_SFIELD(sfManagementFeeOutstanding, NUMBER,     17, SField::kSmdNeedsAsset | SField::kSmdDefault)
 
-// int32
+// 32-bit signed (common)
 TYPED_SFIELD(sfLoanScale,                INT32,      1)
+TYPED_SFIELD(sfRemainingOwnerCountDelta, INT32,      2)
+TYPED_SFIELD(sfVMReturnCode,             INT32,      3)
 
 // currency amount (common)
 TYPED_SFIELD(sfAmount,                   AMOUNT,     1)
@@ -268,7 +275,7 @@ TYPED_SFIELD(sfBaseFeeDrops,             AMOUNT,    22)
 TYPED_SFIELD(sfReserveBaseDrops,         AMOUNT,    23)
 TYPED_SFIELD(sfReserveIncrementDrops,    AMOUNT,    24)
 
-// currency amount (AMM)
+// currency amount (more)
 TYPED_SFIELD(sfLPTokenOut,               AMOUNT,    25)
 TYPED_SFIELD(sfLPTokenIn,                AMOUNT,    26)
 TYPED_SFIELD(sfEPrice,                   AMOUNT,    27)
@@ -278,6 +285,7 @@ TYPED_SFIELD(sfMinAccountCreateAmount,   AMOUNT,    30)
 TYPED_SFIELD(sfLPTokenBalance,           AMOUNT,    31)
 TYPED_SFIELD(sfFeeAmount,                AMOUNT,    32)
 TYPED_SFIELD(sfMaxFee,                   AMOUNT,    33)
+TYPED_SFIELD(sfFeeAmountDelta,           AMOUNT,    34)
 
 // variable length (common)
 TYPED_SFIELD(sfPublicKey,                VL,         1)
@@ -327,6 +335,7 @@ TYPED_SFIELD(sfAuditorEncryptedAmount,      VL,     43)
 TYPED_SFIELD(sfAuditorEncryptionKey,        VL,     44)
 TYPED_SFIELD(sfAmountCommitment,            VL,     45)
 TYPED_SFIELD(sfBalanceCommitment,           VL,     46)
+TYPED_SFIELD(sfBytecode,                    VL,     47)
 
 // account (common)
 TYPED_SFIELD(sfAccount,                  ACCOUNT,    1)

include/xrpl/protocol/detail/transactions.macro

@@ -50,11 +50,13 @@ TRANSACTION(ttESCROW_CREATE, 1, EscrowCreate,
     NoPriv,
     ({
     {sfDestination, SoeRequired},
+    {sfDestinationTag, SoeOptional},
     {sfAmount, SoeRequired, SoeMptSupported},
     {sfCondition, SoeOptional},
     {sfCancelAfter, SoeOptional},
     {sfFinishAfter, SoeOptional},
-    {sfDestinationTag, SoeOptional},
+    {sfBytecode, SoeOptional},
+    {sfData,           SoeOptional},
 }))
 
 /** This transaction type completes an existing escrow. */
@@ -71,6 +73,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttESCROW_FINISH, 2, EscrowFinish,
     {sfFulfillment, SoeOptional},
     {sfCondition, SoeOptional},
     {sfCredentialIDs, SoeOptional},
+    {sfGas, SoeOptional},
 }))
 
 
@@ -705,7 +708,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttMPTOKEN_ISSUANCE_CREATE, 54, MPTokenIssuanceCreate,
     {sfMaximumAmount, SoeOptional},
     {sfMPTokenMetadata, SoeOptional},
     {sfDomainID, SoeOptional},
-    {sfMutableFlags, SoeOptional},
+    {sfImmutableFlags, SoeOptional},
 }))
 
 /** This transaction type destroys a MPTokensIssuance instance */
@@ -734,7 +737,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttMPTOKEN_ISSUANCE_SET, 56, MPTokenIssuanceSet,
     {sfDomainID, SoeOptional},
     {sfMPTokenMetadata, SoeOptional},
     {sfTransferFee, SoeOptional},
-    {sfMutableFlags, SoeOptional},
+    {sfImmutableFlags, SoeOptional},
     {sfIssuerEncryptionKey, SoeOptional},
     {sfAuditorEncryptionKey, SoeOptional},
 }))
@@ -1085,7 +1088,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttLOAN_PAY, 84, LoanPay,
 #   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/token/ConfidentialMPTConvert.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttCONFIDENTIAL_MPT_CONVERT, 85, ConfidentialMPTConvert,
-    Delegation::Delegable,
+    Delegation::NotDelegable,
     featureConfidentialTransfer,
     NoPriv,
     ({
@@ -1189,9 +1192,9 @@ TRANSACTION(ttSPONSORSHIP_SET, 91, SponsorshipSet,
     ({
     {sfCounterpartySponsor, SoeOptional},
     {sfSponsee, SoeOptional},
-    {sfFeeAmount, SoeOptional},
+    {sfFeeAmountDelta, SoeOptional},
     {sfMaxFee, SoeOptional},
-    {sfRemainingOwnerCount, SoeOptional},
+    {sfRemainingOwnerCountDelta, SoeOptional},
 }))
 
 /** This system-generated transaction type is used to update the status of the various amendments.
@@ -1228,6 +1231,10 @@ TRANSACTION(ttFEE, 101, SetFee,
     {sfBaseFeeDrops, SoeOptional},
     {sfReserveBaseDrops, SoeOptional},
     {sfReserveIncrementDrops, SoeOptional},
+    // Smart Escrow fields
+    {sfGasLimit, SoeOptional},
+    {sfBytecodeSizeLimit, SoeOptional},
+    {sfGasPrice, SoeOptional},
 }))
 
 /** This system-generated transaction type is used to update the network's negative UNL

include/xrpl/protocol/jss.h

@@ -252,6 +252,9 @@ JSS(expected_date);                  // out: any (warnings)
 JSS(expected_date_UTC);              // out: any (warnings)
 JSS(expected_ledger_size);           // out: TxQ
 JSS(expiration);                     // out: AccountOffers, AccountChannels, ValidatorList, amm_info
+JSS(gas_limit);                      // out: NetworkOPs
+JSS(bytecode_size_limit);            // out: NetworkOPs
+JSS(gas_price);                      // out: NetworkOPs
 JSS(fail_hard);                      // in: Sign, Submit
 JSS(failed);                         // out: InboundLedger
 JSS(feature);                        // in: Feature

include/xrpl/protocol_autogen/README.md

@@ -23,6 +23,16 @@ By default, `CODEGEN_VENV_DIR` points to `.venv` in the project root. The
 `setup_code_gen` target creates a venv there and installs the required packages.
 The `code_gen` target then uses the venv's Python interpreter to run generation.
 
+Generation is pure Python, so the same targets are also available as a
+standalone project that needs neither the dependencies nor a compiler. This is
+what CI uses, and it is handy if you only want to regenerate these files:
+
+```bash
+cmake -S cmake/codegen -B build/codegen
+cmake --build build/codegen --target setup_code_gen
+cmake --build build/codegen --target code_gen
+```
+
 ### Python Dependencies
 
 The code generation requires the following Python packages (installed by `setup_code_gen`):

include/xrpl/protocol_autogen/ledger_entries/Escrow.h

@@ -174,6 +174,54 @@ public:
         return this->sle_->isFieldPresent(sfFinishAfter);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @brief Get sfBytecode (SoeOptional)
+     * @return The field value, or std::nullopt if not present.
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]]
+    protocol_autogen::Optional<SF_VL::type::value_type>
+    getBytecode() const
+    {
+        if (hasBytecode())
+            return this->sle_->at(sfBytecode);
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Check if sfBytecode is present.
+     * @return True if the field is present, false otherwise.
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]]
+    bool
+    hasBytecode() const
+    {
+        return this->sle_->isFieldPresent(sfBytecode);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Get sfData (SoeOptional)
+     * @return The field value, or std::nullopt if not present.
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]]
+    protocol_autogen::Optional<SF_VL::type::value_type>
+    getData() const
+    {
+        if (hasData())
+            return this->sle_->at(sfData);
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Check if sfData is present.
+     * @return True if the field is present, false otherwise.
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]]
+    bool
+    hasData() const
+    {
+        return this->sle_->isFieldPresent(sfData);
+    }
+
     /**
      * @brief Get sfSourceTag (SoeOptional)
      * @return The field value, or std::nullopt if not present.
@@ -453,6 +501,28 @@ public:
         return *this;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @brief Set sfBytecode (SoeOptional)
+     * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
+     */
+    EscrowBuilder&
+    setBytecode(std::decay_t<typename SF_VL::type::value_type> const& value)
+    {
+        object_[sfBytecode] = value;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Set sfData (SoeOptional)
+     * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
+     */
+    EscrowBuilder&
+    setData(std::decay_t<typename SF_VL::type::value_type> const& value)
+    {
+        object_[sfData] = value;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
     /**
      * @brief Set sfSourceTag (SoeOptional)
      * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.

include/xrpl/protocol_autogen/ledger_entries/FeeSettings.h

@@ -213,6 +213,78 @@ public:
         return this->sle_->isFieldPresent(sfReserveIncrementDrops);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @brief Get sfGasLimit (SoeOptional)
+     * @return The field value, or std::nullopt if not present.
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]]
+    protocol_autogen::Optional<SF_UINT32::type::value_type>
+    getGasLimit() const
+    {
+        if (hasGasLimit())
+            return this->sle_->at(sfGasLimit);
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Check if sfGasLimit is present.
+     * @return True if the field is present, false otherwise.
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]]
+    bool
+    hasGasLimit() const
+    {
+        return this->sle_->isFieldPresent(sfGasLimit);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Get sfBytecodeSizeLimit (SoeOptional)
+     * @return The field value, or std::nullopt if not present.
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]]
+    protocol_autogen::Optional<SF_UINT32::type::value_type>
+    getBytecodeSizeLimit() const
+    {
+        if (hasBytecodeSizeLimit())
+            return this->sle_->at(sfBytecodeSizeLimit);
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Check if sfBytecodeSizeLimit is present.
+     * @return True if the field is present, false otherwise.
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]]
+    bool
+    hasBytecodeSizeLimit() const
+    {
+        return this->sle_->isFieldPresent(sfBytecodeSizeLimit);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Get sfGasPrice (SoeOptional)
+     * @return The field value, or std::nullopt if not present.
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]]
+    protocol_autogen::Optional<SF_UINT32::type::value_type>
+    getGasPrice() const
+    {
+        if (hasGasPrice())
+            return this->sle_->at(sfGasPrice);
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Check if sfGasPrice is present.
+     * @return True if the field is present, false otherwise.
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]]
+    bool
+    hasGasPrice() const
+    {
+        return this->sle_->isFieldPresent(sfGasPrice);
+    }
+
     /**
      * @brief Get sfPreviousTxnID (SoeOptional)
      * @return The field value, or std::nullopt if not present.
@@ -375,6 +447,39 @@ public:
         return *this;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @brief Set sfGasLimit (SoeOptional)
+     * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
+     */
+    FeeSettingsBuilder&
+    setGasLimit(std::decay_t<typename SF_UINT32::type::value_type> const& value)
+    {
+        object_[sfGasLimit] = value;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Set sfBytecodeSizeLimit (SoeOptional)
+     * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
+     */
+    FeeSettingsBuilder&
+    setBytecodeSizeLimit(std::decay_t<typename SF_UINT32::type::value_type> const& value)
+    {
+        object_[sfBytecodeSizeLimit] = value;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Set sfGasPrice (SoeOptional)
+     * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
+     */
+    FeeSettingsBuilder&
+    setGasPrice(std::decay_t<typename SF_UINT32::type::value_type> const& value)
+    {
+        object_[sfGasPrice] = value;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
     /**
      * @brief Set sfPreviousTxnID (SoeOptional)
      * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.

include/xrpl/protocol_autogen/ledger_entries/MPTokenIssuance.h

@@ -256,27 +256,27 @@ public:
     }
 
     /**
-     * @brief Get sfMutableFlags (SoeDefault)
+     * @brief Get sfImmutableFlags (SoeDefault)
      * @return The field value, or std::nullopt if not present.
      */
     [[nodiscard]]
     protocol_autogen::Optional<SF_UINT32::type::value_type>
-    getMutableFlags() const
+    getImmutableFlags() const
     {
-        if (hasMutableFlags())
-            return this->sle_->at(sfMutableFlags);
+        if (hasImmutableFlags())
+            return this->sle_->at(sfImmutableFlags);
         return std::nullopt;
     }
 
     /**
-     * @brief Check if sfMutableFlags is present.
+     * @brief Check if sfImmutableFlags is present.
      * @return True if the field is present, false otherwise.
      */
     [[nodiscard]]
     bool
-    hasMutableFlags() const
+    hasImmutableFlags() const
     {
-        return this->sle_->isFieldPresent(sfMutableFlags);
+        return this->sle_->isFieldPresent(sfImmutableFlags);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -557,13 +557,13 @@ public:
     }
 
     /**
-     * @brief Set sfMutableFlags (SoeDefault)
+     * @brief Set sfImmutableFlags (SoeDefault)
      * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
      */
     MPTokenIssuanceBuilder&
-    setMutableFlags(std::decay_t<typename SF_UINT32::type::value_type> const& value)
+    setImmutableFlags(std::decay_t<typename SF_UINT32::type::value_type> const& value)
     {
-        object_[sfMutableFlags] = value;
+        object_[sfImmutableFlags] = value;
         return *this;
     }
 

include/xrpl/protocol_autogen/transactions/ConfidentialMPTConvert.h

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ class ConfidentialMPTConvertBuilder;
  * @brief Transaction: ConfidentialMPTConvert
  *
  * Type: ttCONFIDENTIAL_MPT_CONVERT (85)
- * Delegable: Delegation::Delegable
+ * Delegable: Delegation::NotDelegable
  * Amendment: featureConfidentialTransfer
  * Privileges: NoPriv
  *

include/xrpl/protocol_autogen/transactions/EscrowCreate.h

@@ -58,6 +58,32 @@ public:
         return this->tx_->at(sfDestination);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @brief Get sfDestinationTag (SoeOptional)
+     * @return The field value, or std::nullopt if not present.
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]]
+    protocol_autogen::Optional<SF_UINT32::type::value_type>
+    getDestinationTag() const
+    {
+        if (hasDestinationTag())
+        {
+            return this->tx_->at(sfDestinationTag);
+        }
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Check if sfDestinationTag is present.
+     * @return True if the field is present, false otherwise.
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]]
+    bool
+    hasDestinationTag() const
+    {
+        return this->tx_->isFieldPresent(sfDestinationTag);
+    }
+
     /**
      * @brief Get sfAmount (SoeRequired)
      * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
@@ -149,29 +175,55 @@ public:
     }
 
     /**
-     * @brief Get sfDestinationTag (SoeOptional)
+     * @brief Get sfBytecode (SoeOptional)
      * @return The field value, or std::nullopt if not present.
      */
     [[nodiscard]]
-    protocol_autogen::Optional<SF_UINT32::type::value_type>
-    getDestinationTag() const
+    protocol_autogen::Optional<SF_VL::type::value_type>
+    getBytecode() const
     {
-        if (hasDestinationTag())
+        if (hasBytecode())
         {
-            return this->tx_->at(sfDestinationTag);
+            return this->tx_->at(sfBytecode);
         }
         return std::nullopt;
     }
 
     /**
-     * @brief Check if sfDestinationTag is present.
+     * @brief Check if sfBytecode is present.
      * @return True if the field is present, false otherwise.
      */
     [[nodiscard]]
     bool
-    hasDestinationTag() const
+    hasBytecode() const
     {
-        return this->tx_->isFieldPresent(sfDestinationTag);
+        return this->tx_->isFieldPresent(sfBytecode);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Get sfData (SoeOptional)
+     * @return The field value, or std::nullopt if not present.
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]]
+    protocol_autogen::Optional<SF_VL::type::value_type>
+    getData() const
+    {
+        if (hasData())
+        {
+            return this->tx_->at(sfData);
+        }
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Check if sfData is present.
+     * @return True if the field is present, false otherwise.
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]]
+    bool
+    hasData() const
+    {
+        return this->tx_->isFieldPresent(sfData);
     }
 };
 
@@ -232,6 +284,17 @@ public:
         return *this;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @brief Set sfDestinationTag (SoeOptional)
+     * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
+     */
+    EscrowCreateBuilder&
+    setDestinationTag(std::decay_t<typename SF_UINT32::type::value_type> const& value)
+    {
+        object_[sfDestinationTag] = value;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
     /**
      * @brief Set sfAmount (SoeRequired)
      * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
@@ -278,13 +341,24 @@ public:
     }
 
     /**
-     * @brief Set sfDestinationTag (SoeOptional)
+     * @brief Set sfBytecode (SoeOptional)
      * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
      */
     EscrowCreateBuilder&
-    setDestinationTag(std::decay_t<typename SF_UINT32::type::value_type> const& value)
+    setBytecode(std::decay_t<typename SF_VL::type::value_type> const& value)
     {
-        object_[sfDestinationTag] = value;
+        object_[sfBytecode] = value;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Set sfData (SoeOptional)
+     * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
+     */
+    EscrowCreateBuilder&
+    setData(std::decay_t<typename SF_VL::type::value_type> const& value)
+    {
+        object_[sfData] = value;
         return *this;
     }
 

include/xrpl/protocol_autogen/transactions/EscrowFinish.h

@@ -146,6 +146,32 @@ public:
     {
         return this->tx_->isFieldPresent(sfCredentialIDs);
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Get sfGas (SoeOptional)
+     * @return The field value, or std::nullopt if not present.
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]]
+    protocol_autogen::Optional<SF_UINT32::type::value_type>
+    getGas() const
+    {
+        if (hasGas())
+        {
+            return this->tx_->at(sfGas);
+        }
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Check if sfGas is present.
+     * @return True if the field is present, false otherwise.
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]]
+    bool
+    hasGas() const
+    {
+        return this->tx_->isFieldPresent(sfGas);
+    }
 };
 
 /**
@@ -249,6 +275,17 @@ public:
         return *this;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @brief Set sfGas (SoeOptional)
+     * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
+     */
+    EscrowFinishBuilder&
+    setGas(std::decay_t<typename SF_UINT32::type::value_type> const& value)
+    {
+        object_[sfGas] = value;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
     /**
      * @brief Build and return the EscrowFinish wrapper.
      * @param publicKey The public key for signing.

include/xrpl/protocol_autogen/transactions/MPTokenIssuanceCreate.h

@@ -178,29 +178,29 @@ public:
     }
 
     /**
-     * @brief Get sfMutableFlags (SoeOptional)
+     * @brief Get sfImmutableFlags (SoeOptional)
      * @return The field value, or std::nullopt if not present.
      */
     [[nodiscard]]
     protocol_autogen::Optional<SF_UINT32::type::value_type>
-    getMutableFlags() const
+    getImmutableFlags() const
     {
-        if (hasMutableFlags())
+        if (hasImmutableFlags())
         {
-            return this->tx_->at(sfMutableFlags);
+            return this->tx_->at(sfImmutableFlags);
         }
         return std::nullopt;
     }
 
     /**
-     * @brief Check if sfMutableFlags is present.
+     * @brief Check if sfImmutableFlags is present.
      * @return True if the field is present, false otherwise.
      */
     [[nodiscard]]
     bool
-    hasMutableFlags() const
+    hasImmutableFlags() const
     {
-        return this->tx_->isFieldPresent(sfMutableFlags);
+        return this->tx_->isFieldPresent(sfImmutableFlags);
     }
 };
 
@@ -302,13 +302,13 @@ public:
     }
 
     /**
-     * @brief Set sfMutableFlags (SoeOptional)
+     * @brief Set sfImmutableFlags (SoeOptional)
      * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
      */
     MPTokenIssuanceCreateBuilder&
-    setMutableFlags(std::decay_t<typename SF_UINT32::type::value_type> const& value)
+    setImmutableFlags(std::decay_t<typename SF_UINT32::type::value_type> const& value)
     {
-        object_[sfMutableFlags] = value;
+        object_[sfImmutableFlags] = value;
         return *this;
     }
 

include/xrpl/protocol_autogen/transactions/MPTokenIssuanceSet.h

@@ -163,29 +163,29 @@ public:
     }
 
     /**
-     * @brief Get sfMutableFlags (SoeOptional)
+     * @brief Get sfImmutableFlags (SoeOptional)
      * @return The field value, or std::nullopt if not present.
      */
     [[nodiscard]]
     protocol_autogen::Optional<SF_UINT32::type::value_type>
-    getMutableFlags() const
+    getImmutableFlags() const
     {
-        if (hasMutableFlags())
+        if (hasImmutableFlags())
         {
-            return this->tx_->at(sfMutableFlags);
+            return this->tx_->at(sfImmutableFlags);
         }
         return std::nullopt;
     }
 
     /**
-     * @brief Check if sfMutableFlags is present.
+     * @brief Check if sfImmutableFlags is present.
      * @return True if the field is present, false otherwise.
      */
     [[nodiscard]]
     bool
-    hasMutableFlags() const
+    hasImmutableFlags() const
     {
-        return this->tx_->isFieldPresent(sfMutableFlags);
+        return this->tx_->isFieldPresent(sfImmutableFlags);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -341,13 +341,13 @@ public:
     }
 
     /**
-     * @brief Set sfMutableFlags (SoeOptional)
+     * @brief Set sfImmutableFlags (SoeOptional)
      * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
      */
     MPTokenIssuanceSetBuilder&
-    setMutableFlags(std::decay_t<typename SF_UINT32::type::value_type> const& value)
+    setImmutableFlags(std::decay_t<typename SF_UINT32::type::value_type> const& value)
     {
-        object_[sfMutableFlags] = value;
+        object_[sfImmutableFlags] = value;
         return *this;
     }
 

include/xrpl/protocol_autogen/transactions/SetFee.h

@@ -254,6 +254,84 @@ public:
     {
         return this->tx_->isFieldPresent(sfReserveIncrementDrops);
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Get sfGasLimit (SoeOptional)
+     * @return The field value, or std::nullopt if not present.
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]]
+    protocol_autogen::Optional<SF_UINT32::type::value_type>
+    getGasLimit() const
+    {
+        if (hasGasLimit())
+        {
+            return this->tx_->at(sfGasLimit);
+        }
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Check if sfGasLimit is present.
+     * @return True if the field is present, false otherwise.
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]]
+    bool
+    hasGasLimit() const
+    {
+        return this->tx_->isFieldPresent(sfGasLimit);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Get sfBytecodeSizeLimit (SoeOptional)
+     * @return The field value, or std::nullopt if not present.
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]]
+    protocol_autogen::Optional<SF_UINT32::type::value_type>
+    getBytecodeSizeLimit() const
+    {
+        if (hasBytecodeSizeLimit())
+        {
+            return this->tx_->at(sfBytecodeSizeLimit);
+        }
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Check if sfBytecodeSizeLimit is present.
+     * @return True if the field is present, false otherwise.
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]]
+    bool
+    hasBytecodeSizeLimit() const
+    {
+        return this->tx_->isFieldPresent(sfBytecodeSizeLimit);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Get sfGasPrice (SoeOptional)
+     * @return The field value, or std::nullopt if not present.
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]]
+    protocol_autogen::Optional<SF_UINT32::type::value_type>
+    getGasPrice() const
+    {
+        if (hasGasPrice())
+        {
+            return this->tx_->at(sfGasPrice);
+        }
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Check if sfGasPrice is present.
+     * @return True if the field is present, false otherwise.
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]]
+    bool
+    hasGasPrice() const
+    {
+        return this->tx_->isFieldPresent(sfGasPrice);
+    }
 };
 
 /**
@@ -386,6 +464,39 @@ public:
         return *this;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @brief Set sfGasLimit (SoeOptional)
+     * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
+     */
+    SetFeeBuilder&
+    setGasLimit(std::decay_t<typename SF_UINT32::type::value_type> const& value)
+    {
+        object_[sfGasLimit] = value;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Set sfBytecodeSizeLimit (SoeOptional)
+     * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
+     */
+    SetFeeBuilder&
+    setBytecodeSizeLimit(std::decay_t<typename SF_UINT32::type::value_type> const& value)
+    {
+        object_[sfBytecodeSizeLimit] = value;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Set sfGasPrice (SoeOptional)
+     * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
+     */
+    SetFeeBuilder&
+    setGasPrice(std::decay_t<typename SF_UINT32::type::value_type> const& value)
+    {
+        object_[sfGasPrice] = value;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
     /**
      * @brief Build and return the SetFee wrapper.
      * @param publicKey The public key for signing.

include/xrpl/protocol_autogen/transactions/SponsorshipSet.h

@@ -100,29 +100,29 @@ public:
     }
 
     /**
-     * @brief Get sfFeeAmount (SoeOptional)
+     * @brief Get sfFeeAmountDelta (SoeOptional)
      * @return The field value, or std::nullopt if not present.
      */
     [[nodiscard]]
     protocol_autogen::Optional<SF_AMOUNT::type::value_type>
-    getFeeAmount() const
+    getFeeAmountDelta() const
     {
-        if (hasFeeAmount())
+        if (hasFeeAmountDelta())
         {
-            return this->tx_->at(sfFeeAmount);
+            return this->tx_->at(sfFeeAmountDelta);
         }
         return std::nullopt;
     }
 
     /**
-     * @brief Check if sfFeeAmount is present.
+     * @brief Check if sfFeeAmountDelta is present.
      * @return True if the field is present, false otherwise.
      */
     [[nodiscard]]
     bool
-    hasFeeAmount() const
+    hasFeeAmountDelta() const
     {
-        return this->tx_->isFieldPresent(sfFeeAmount);
+        return this->tx_->isFieldPresent(sfFeeAmountDelta);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -152,29 +152,29 @@ public:
     }
 
     /**
-     * @brief Get sfRemainingOwnerCount (SoeOptional)
+     * @brief Get sfRemainingOwnerCountDelta (SoeOptional)
      * @return The field value, or std::nullopt if not present.
      */
     [[nodiscard]]
-    protocol_autogen::Optional<SF_UINT32::type::value_type>
-    getRemainingOwnerCount() const
+    protocol_autogen::Optional<SF_INT32::type::value_type>
+    getRemainingOwnerCountDelta() const
     {
-        if (hasRemainingOwnerCount())
+        if (hasRemainingOwnerCountDelta())
         {
-            return this->tx_->at(sfRemainingOwnerCount);
+            return this->tx_->at(sfRemainingOwnerCountDelta);
         }
         return std::nullopt;
     }
 
     /**
-     * @brief Check if sfRemainingOwnerCount is present.
+     * @brief Check if sfRemainingOwnerCountDelta is present.
      * @return True if the field is present, false otherwise.
      */
     [[nodiscard]]
     bool
-    hasRemainingOwnerCount() const
+    hasRemainingOwnerCountDelta() const
     {
-        return this->tx_->isFieldPresent(sfRemainingOwnerCount);
+        return this->tx_->isFieldPresent(sfRemainingOwnerCountDelta);
     }
 };
 
@@ -243,13 +243,13 @@ public:
     }
 
     /**
-     * @brief Set sfFeeAmount (SoeOptional)
+     * @brief Set sfFeeAmountDelta (SoeOptional)
      * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
      */
     SponsorshipSetBuilder&
-    setFeeAmount(std::decay_t<typename SF_AMOUNT::type::value_type> const& value)
+    setFeeAmountDelta(std::decay_t<typename SF_AMOUNT::type::value_type> const& value)
     {
-        object_[sfFeeAmount] = value;
+        object_[sfFeeAmountDelta] = value;
         return *this;
     }
 
@@ -265,13 +265,13 @@ public:
     }
 
     /**
-     * @brief Set sfRemainingOwnerCount (SoeOptional)
+     * @brief Set sfRemainingOwnerCountDelta (SoeOptional)
      * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
      */
     SponsorshipSetBuilder&
-    setRemainingOwnerCount(std::decay_t<typename SF_UINT32::type::value_type> const& value)
+    setRemainingOwnerCountDelta(std::decay_t<typename SF_INT32::type::value_type> const& value)
     {
-        object_[sfRemainingOwnerCount] = value;
+        object_[sfRemainingOwnerCountDelta] = value;
         return *this;
     }
 

include/xrpl/resource/Fees.h

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ extern Charge const kFeeRequestNoReply;    // A request that we cannot satisfy.
 extern Charge const kFeeInvalidSignature;  // An object whose signature we had to check that failed.
 extern Charge const kFeeUselessData;       // Data we have no use for.
 extern Charge const kFeeInvalidData;       // Data we have to verify before rejecting.
+extern Charge const kFeeMalformedData;     // Data that no honest peer would send.
 
 // RPC loads
 extern Charge const kFeeMalformedRpc;     // An RPC request that we can immediately tell is invalid.

include/xrpl/server/InfoSub.h

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 #include <xrpl/server/Manifest.h>
 
 #include <atomic>
+#include <cstddef>
 #include <cstdint>
 #include <functional>
 #include <memory>
@@ -22,6 +23,39 @@ namespace xrpl {
 // Operations that clients may wish to perform against the network
 // Master operational handler, server sequencer, network tracker
 
+/**
+ * Maximum number of subscriptions a single client connection may hold at once.
+ *
+ * Applies to the account, real-time account, and account-history subscriptions
+ * tracked on one InfoSub (the sets counted by totalSubscriptionCount), bounding
+ * the disconnect-time cleanup of those sets. Book subscriptions are tracked
+ * separately (OrderBookDB) and are not counted here. Generous enough for
+ * legitimate power users such as block explorers.
+ */
+constexpr std::size_t kMaxSubscriptionsPerConnection = 100'000;
+
+/**
+ * Whether adding @p additional subscriptions to a connection already holding
+ * @p current would exceed the cap.
+ *
+ * Pure arithmetic split out so it can be unit-tested without a live
+ * connection. The first term avoids underflow in the subtraction.
+ *
+ * @param current    Subscriptions already tracked on the connection.
+ * @param additional Subscriptions a request would add.
+ * @param cap        The effective per-connection cap. Defaults to the
+ * built-in limit; callers may pass a configured override.
+ * @return true if the request must be rejected to stay within the cap.
+ */
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr bool
+exceedsSubscriptionCap(
+    std::size_t current,
+    std::size_t additional,
+    std::size_t cap = kMaxSubscriptionsPerConnection)
+{
+    return additional > cap || current > cap - additional;
+}
+
 class InfoSubRequest : public CountedObject<InfoSubRequest>
 {
 public:
@@ -44,12 +78,12 @@ public:
  * map.
  *
  * @note Lifetime contract: every `InfoSub` instance MUST be destroyed
- *       before the backing `Source`. NetworkOPsImp shutdown drops all
- *       subscriber strong refs before its own teardown to satisfy this.
+ * before the backing `Source`. NetworkOPsImp shutdown drops all
+ * subscriber strong refs before its own teardown to satisfy this.
  * @note Thread-safety: per-instance state is guarded by `lock_`. The
- *       destructor reads tracking sets without taking `lock_` because
- *       the strong-pointer ref-count is zero at destruction time, so
- *       no other thread can be calling the public mutators.
+ * destructor reads tracking sets without taking `lock_` because
+ * the strong-pointer ref-count is zero at destruction time, so
+ * no other thread can be calling the public mutators.
  */
 class InfoSub : public CountedObject<InfoSub>
 {
@@ -117,6 +151,34 @@ public:
             AccountID const& account,
             bool historyOnly) = 0;
 
+        /**
+         * Schedule the server-side teardown of a disconnecting connection's
+         * account subscriptions off the destructor thread.
+         *
+         * The implementation posts a low-priority JobQueue task that erases the
+         * entries in bounded chunks, so `~InfoSub` returns immediately instead
+         * of running the erase loop inline. The sets are taken by value so the
+         * job owns its copies and never references the destroyed `InfoSub`.
+         * Cleanup is keyed on `seq` (unique per connection), so deferring it
+         * cannot disturb a reconnected client reusing the same accounts.
+         *
+         * @param seq The disconnecting connection's unique subscription id.
+         * @param rtAccounts Real-time account subscriptions to remove.
+         * @param normalAccounts Normal account subscriptions to remove.
+         * @param historyAccounts Account-history subscriptions to remove.
+         *
+         * @note The implementing `Source` must outlive any job it posts. If the
+         * JobQueue is already stopping (process shutdown), the job is not
+         * enqueued; the cleanup is skipped because the server-side maps
+         * are about to be destroyed and no publishing can run.
+         */
+        virtual void
+        scheduleAccountCleanup(
+            std::uint64_t seq,
+            hash_set<AccountID> rtAccounts,
+            hash_set<AccountID> normalAccounts,
+            hash_set<AccountID> historyAccounts) = 0;
+
         // VFALCO TODO Document the bool return value
         virtual bool
         subLedger(ref ispListener, json::Value& jvResult) = 0;
@@ -153,12 +215,12 @@ public:
          * @param ispListener The subscriber requesting removal.
          * @param book        The order book to unsubscribe from.
          * @return true if the entry was present and removed, false if the
-         *         subscriber was not subscribed to @p book.
+         * subscriber was not subscribed to @p book.
          *
-         * @note Thread-safety: acquires subLock_ internally.
+         * @note Thread-safety: acquires bookLock_ internally.
          * @note Do NOT call from ~InfoSub(). Use unsubBookInternal instead
-         *       to avoid a redundant write-back to bookSubscriptions_ on a
-         *       partially-destroyed object.
+         * to avoid a redundant write-back to bookSubscriptions_ on a
+         * partially-destroyed object.
          */
         virtual bool
         unsubBook(ref ispListener, Book const&) = 0;
@@ -173,9 +235,9 @@ public:
          * @param uListener The sequence number of the subscriber being torn down.
          * @param book      The order book entry to remove.
          * @return true if the entry was present and removed, false otherwise
-         *         (e.g., already removed by a concurrent RPC unsubscribe).
+         * (e.g., already removed by a concurrent RPC unsubscribe).
          *
-         * @note Thread-safety: acquires subLock_ internally.
+         * @note Thread-safety: acquires bookLock_ internally.
          */
         virtual bool
         unsubBookInternal(std::uint64_t uListener, Book const&) = 0;
@@ -221,8 +283,8 @@ public:
 
         /**
          * Journal used by InfoSub for diagnostics that occur after the
-         *  owning subsystem (e.g. application-level Logs) is the only
-         *  surviving sink — primarily destructor-time cleanup failures.
+         * owning subsystem (e.g. application-level Logs) is the only
+         * surviving sink — primarily destructor-time cleanup failures.
          */
         [[nodiscard]] virtual beast::Journal const&
         journal() const = 0;
@@ -243,6 +305,56 @@ public:
     [[nodiscard]] std::uint64_t
     getSeq() const;
 
+    /**
+     * Return the number of subscriptions currently tracked on this
+     * connection.
+     *
+     * The combined size of the per-connection account, real-time account, and
+     * account-history subscription sets. `doSubscribe` reads this to enforce
+     * the per-connection subscription cap before admitting more.
+     *
+     * @return The total tracked subscription count for this connection.
+     *
+     * @note Thread-safe: takes `lock_` for the read; read-only.
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]] std::size_t
+    totalSubscriptionCount() const;
+
+    /**
+     * Enforce the cap and reserve a request's net-new accounts, atomically.
+     *
+     * Under one hold of `lock_`: count the net-new entries in the two sets,
+     * check the total against @p cap, and insert them only if it fits.
+     * All-or-nothing. Doing check and insert together stops two concurrent
+     * requests sharing an InfoSub (the admin subscribe-by-url path) from both
+     * passing the check before either records its accounts. The server-side
+     * maps are populated afterwards by subAccount, whose re-insert is a no-op.
+     *
+     * @param proposedAccounts Real-time (accounts_proposed) ids to reserve.
+     * @param normalAccounts   Normal (accounts) ids to reserve.
+     * @param cap              The effective per-connection cap.
+     * @return true if reserved; false if the request must be rejected.
+     * @note Thread-safe: takes `lock_`.
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]] bool
+    tryReserveAccountSubscriptions(
+        hash_set<AccountID> const& proposedAccounts,
+        hash_set<AccountID> const& normalAccounts,
+        std::size_t cap);
+
+    /**
+     * Whether this connection already tracks an account-history for @p account.
+     *
+     * `doSubscribe` reads this to charge the cap for an account_history_tx_stream
+     * only when it is net-new, matching the account branches.
+     *
+     * @param account The account an account_history_tx_stream would add.
+     * @return true if @p account is already in the account-history set.
+     * @note Thread-safe: takes `lock_`; read-only.
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]] bool
+    hasAccountHistorySubscription(AccountID const& account) const;
+
     void
     onSendEmpty();
 
@@ -302,7 +414,9 @@ public:
     getApiVersion() const noexcept;
 
 protected:
-    std::mutex lock_;
+    // Mutable so the read-only totalSubscriptionCount() accessor can lock it
+    // from a const method; locking semantics are otherwise unchanged.
+    mutable std::mutex lock_;
 
 private:
     Consumer consumer_;

include/xrpl/server/Manifest.h

@@ -3,12 +3,14 @@
 #include <xrpl/basics/Blob.h>
 #include <xrpl/basics/Slice.h>
 #include <xrpl/basics/UnorderedContainers.h>
+#include <xrpl/basics/base64.h>
 #include <xrpl/basics/base_uint.h>
 #include <xrpl/beast/utility/Journal.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/PublicKey.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/SecretKey.h>
 
 #include <atomic>
+#include <cstddef>
 #include <cstdint>
 #include <functional>
 #include <optional>
@@ -43,12 +45,15 @@ namespace xrpl {
     dynamically generates the signatureless form when it needs to verify
     the signature.
 
-    An instance of ManifestCache stores, for each trusted validator, (a) its
+    An instance of ManifestCache stores, for each known validator, (a) its
     master public key, and (b) the most senior of all valid manifests it has
     seen for that validator, if any.  On startup, the [validator_token] config
     entry (which contains the manifest for this validator) is decoded and
     added to the manifest cache.  Other manifests are added as "gossip"
-    received from xrpld peers.
+    received from xrpld peers, including ones for validators this node does not
+    trust. Manifests for untrusted validators are capped (kMaxUntrustedCount)
+    so peer gossip cannot grow the cache without bound; trusted validators are
+    not capped. Entries are never evicted, so a stored revocation is permanent.
 
     When an ephemeral key is compromised, a new signing key pair is created,
     along with a new manifest vouching for it (with a higher sequence number),
@@ -164,6 +169,100 @@ struct Manifest
 std::string
 to_string(Manifest const& m);
 
+/**
+ * Largest a valid manifest can be, in decoded bytes.
+ *
+ *   A manifest has a fixed set of fields. Each is serialized as a field header
+ *   (1-2 bytes), an optional length prefix (1 byte for these sizes), and the
+ *   field body. Taking every field at its largest gives the maximum below, so
+ *   anything larger cannot be a valid manifest.
+ *
+ *       Field                 header + length + body = bytes
+ *       sfVersion   (U16)        2          0     2     4
+ *       sfSequence  (U32)        1          0     4     5
+ *       sfPublicKey (33)         1          1    33    35
+ *       sfSigningPubKey (33)     1          1    33    35
+ *       sfSignature (72)         1          1    72    74
+ *       sfMasterSignature (72)   2          1    72    75
+ *       sfDomain    (128)        1          1   128   130
+ *                                                    -----
+ *                                                      358
+ */
+constexpr std::size_t kMaxManifestBytes = 358;
+
+/**
+ * Largest a valid manifest can be, in base64 characters.
+ *
+ *   base64 encodes 3 bytes as 4 characters, so this is the encoded form of
+ *   @ref kMaxManifestBytes. Callers that receive a base64 manifest should
+ *   reject anything longer than this before decoding, to avoid allocating
+ *   memory for an oversized input.
+ */
+constexpr std::size_t kMaxManifestBase64 = base64::encodedSize(kMaxManifestBytes);
+
+/**
+ * Default number of untrusted manifests to store in cache and allowed
+ * in one Manifest message.
+ *
+ * Bounds unlisted validators two ways. In the cache, a manifest for a
+ * brand-new unlisted key is rejected once this many are held, so peer gossip
+ * cannot grow the cache without end. In a TMManifests message, this many are
+ * sent and processed, so a peer sending its whole cache cannot force unbounded
+ * work.
+ *
+ * Operators can override this with `[overlay] max_untrusted_count`. Both users
+ * read the configured value and fall back to this default.
+ */
+constexpr std::size_t kMaxUntrustedCount = 300;
+
+/**
+ * Default number of trusted manifests allowed in a Manifest message.
+ * Not used atm while creating the message, but used to calculate the higher limit on
+ * received message size. Introduced to maintain consistency. Future implementation
+ * will use this limit.
+ *
+ * Trusted manifests are never dropped: every one this node holds is sent, and
+ * every one received is processed, since dropping one would delay a validator
+ * key rotation. This count only sizes the largest message accepted, so it must
+ * stay above any realistic validator list. Cap can be increased in the config
+ * file if messages get rejected with actual trusted manifest count crossing
+ * configured(or else default) value.
+ * Operators can override this with `[overlay] max_trusted_count`.
+ */
+constexpr std::size_t kMaxTrustedCount = 300;
+
+/**
+ * Number of untrusted manifests to store in cache and allowed
+ * in one Manifest message..
+ *
+ * Returns the operator's override when one is configured, otherwise
+ * @ref kMaxUntrustedCount. Config stores an override rather than the default
+ * itself because the core module cannot depend on this module.
+ *
+ * @param configured The value from `[overlay] max_untrusted_count`, or
+ *     `std::nullopt` when the operator did not set it.
+ */
+constexpr std::size_t
+untrustedManifestCount(std::optional<std::size_t> const& configured)
+{
+    return configured.value_or(kMaxUntrustedCount);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Number of trusted manifests allowed in a Manifest message.
+ *
+ * Not a cap on how many are sent or processed; see @ref kMaxTrustedCount.
+ * but used to calculate the higher limit on received message size.
+ *
+ * @param configured The value from `[overlay] max_trusted_count`, or
+ *     `std::nullopt` when the operator did not set it.
+ */
+constexpr std::size_t
+trustedManifestCount(std::optional<std::size_t> const& configured)
+{
+    return configured.value_or(kMaxTrustedCount);
+}
+
 /**
  * Constructs Manifest from serialized string
  *
@@ -172,7 +271,7 @@ to_string(Manifest const& m);
  * @return `std::nullopt` if string is invalid
  *
  * @note This does not verify manifest signatures.
- *       `Manifest::verify` should be called after constructing manifest.
+ * `Manifest::verify` should be called after constructing manifest.
  */
 /** @{ */
 std::optional<Manifest>
@@ -225,30 +324,17 @@ loadValidatorToken(
     beast::Journal journal = beast::Journal(beast::Journal::getNullSink()));
 
 enum class ManifestDisposition {
-    /**
-     * Manifest is valid
-     */
-    Accepted = 0,
+    Accepted = 0,  ///< Manifest is valid
 
-    /**
-     * Sequence is too old
-     */
-    Stale,
+    Stale,  ///< Sequence is too old
 
-    /**
-     * The master key is not acceptable to us
-     */
-    BadMasterKey,
+    BadMasterKey,  ///< The master key is not acceptable to us
 
-    /**
-     * The ephemeral key is not acceptable to us
-     */
-    BadEphemeralKey,
+    BadEphemeralKey,  ///< The ephemeral key is not acceptable to us
 
-    /**
-     * Timely, but invalid signature
-     */
-    Invalid
+    Invalid,  ///< Timely, but invalid signature
+
+    UntrustedCapacity  ///< Unlisted and limit reached
 };
 
 inline std::string
@@ -266,11 +352,25 @@ to_string(ManifestDisposition m)
             return "badEphemeralKey";
         case ManifestDisposition::Invalid:
             return "invalid";
+        case ManifestDisposition::UntrustedCapacity:
+            return "untrustedCapacity";
         default:
             return "unknown";
     }
 }
 
+/**
+ * Whether a manifest counts against the 'untrusted' cache cap.
+ *
+ * Passed to `ManifestCache::applyManifest` with no default, so every caller
+ * must choose. `Capped` is the safe, flood-resistant value; only listed or
+ * configured keys should use `Uncapped`.
+ */
+enum class ManifestRateLimitCapPolicy : std::uint8_t {
+    Capped,   ///< Subject to the untrusted cap (unlisted peer gossip)
+    Uncapped  ///< Bypasses the cap (listed/trusted or config manifests)
+};
+
 class DatabaseCon;
 
 /**
@@ -294,8 +394,51 @@ private:
 
     std::atomic<std::uint32_t> seq_{0};
 
+    /**
+     * Master keys of cached manifests for validators this node does not list.
+     *
+     * One entry per capped key in `map_`; its size enforces the cap below.
+     * A key is added when first cached under `Capped` and removed when it
+     * becomes listed (see `promoteToTrusted`) or an `Uncapped` update arrives,
+     * never re-added on de-listing. Uncapped keys are not tracked here.
+     */
+    hash_set<PublicKey> untrustedKeys_;
+
+    /**
+     * Maximum number of untrusted master keys kept in the cache.
+     *
+     * Once reached, a manifest for a brand-new unlisted key is rejected. Set
+     * from the config, defaulting to @ref kMaxUntrustedCount.
+     */
+    std::size_t const maxUntrustedCount_;
+
+    /**
+     * Running count of manifests rejected because the untrusted cap was full.
+     *
+     * Drives throttled logging (see `kUntrustedRejectCount`). Atomic because
+     * `applyManifest` may run concurrently.
+     */
+    std::atomic<std::uint64_t> untrustedRejectCount_{0};
+
+    /**
+     * Number of cap rejections between summary warnings.
+     *
+     * @see untrustedRejectCount_
+     */
+    static constexpr std::uint64_t kUntrustedRejectCount = 10000;
+
 public:
-    explicit ManifestCache(beast::Journal j = beast::Journal(beast::Journal::getNullSink())) : j_(j)
+    /**
+     * @param j Journal for logging.
+     *
+     * @param maxUntrustedCount Untrusted master keys to keep. Pass the
+     *     configured value; defaults to @ref kMaxUntrustedCount. Taken as a
+     *     parameter because this module cannot depend on the config.
+     */
+    explicit ManifestCache(
+        beast::Journal j = beast::Journal(beast::Journal::getNullSink()),
+        std::size_t maxUntrustedCount = kMaxUntrustedCount)
+        : j_(j), maxUntrustedCount_(maxUntrustedCount)
     {
     }
 
@@ -378,17 +521,44 @@ public:
     /**
      * Add manifest to cache.
      *
+     * A brand-new unlisted key is rejected once the untrusted cap is full;
+     * updates to a cached key and `Uncapped` manifests bypass the cap. The
+     * caller decides `cap` before calling so the cache lock is not held while
+     * consulting the validator list, which would risk a lock-ordering deadlock.
+     *
      * @param m Manifest to add
      *
-     * @return `ManifestDisposition::accepted` if successful, or
-     *         `stale` or `invalid` otherwise
+     * @param cap `Uncapped` skips the untrusted cap; use it for keys that are
+     *     listed, configured, or loaded from the DB. Note `Uncapped` does not
+     *     assert the key is currently trusted (a DB entry may predate a
+     *     de-listing). Callers must state this explicitly so a manifest is
+     *     never left uncapped by omission.
+     *
+     * @return `Accepted` if stored, `Stale` if superseded, `Invalid`/
+     *         `BadEphemeralKey` if malformed, or `UntrustedCapacity` if the
+     *         untrusted cap is full.
      *
      * @par Thread Safety
      *
      * May be called concurrently
      */
     ManifestDisposition
-    applyManifest(Manifest m);
+    applyManifest(Manifest m, ManifestRateLimitCapPolicy cap);
+
+    /**
+     * Stop counting a master key against the untrusted cap.
+     *
+     * Called when a cached untrusted key becomes listed, freeing its slot.
+     * Idempotent and a no-op for keys that were never counted.
+     *
+     * @param pk Master public key that is now listed/trusted
+     *
+     * @par Thread Safety
+     *
+     * May be called concurrently
+     */
+    void
+    promoteToTrusted(PublicKey const& pk);
 
     /**
      * Populate manifest cache with manifests in database and config.

include/xrpl/server/State.h

@@ -7,30 +7,14 @@
 #include <boost/filesystem.hpp>
 
 #include <string>
-#include <vector>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 
 struct SavedState
 {
-    // Legacy two-backend fields. Retained for on-disk back-compat: a state written
-    // by an older (two-backend) build has only these. On read, an empty `generations`
-    // is reconstructed as {archiveDb, writableDb} (oldest -> newest). On write, these
-    // are kept in sync with the ring ends (archiveDb = generations.front(),
-    // writableDb = generations.back()). CAUTION: a downgraded build boots from the
-    // pair alone — it deletes middle-generation directories as orphans (losing any
-    // node whose only copy lives there) and its rotations leave DbGenerations rows
-    // stale; getSavedState detects that staleness (ring ends disagreeing with the
-    // pair) and falls back to the pair.
     std::string writableDb;
     std::string archiveDb;
     LedgerIndex lastRotated{};
-
-    // The online_delete generation ring, ordered oldest -> newest. New nodes are
-    // written to generations.back() (the writable generation); reads probe
-    // newest -> oldest. Persisted as a newline-delimited list so a variable number
-    // of generations round-trips through the single-row state table.
-    std::vector<std::string> generations;
 };
 
 /**

include/xrpl/tx/ApplyContext.h

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 #include <xrpl/protocol/XRPAmount.h>
 
 #include <cstddef>
+#include <cstdint>
 #include <functional>
 #include <optional>
 #include <utility>
@@ -95,6 +96,24 @@ public:
         view_->deliver(amount);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Sets the gas used in the metadata
+     */
+    void
+    setGasUsed(std::uint32_t const gasUsed)
+    {
+        gasUsed_ = gasUsed;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the gas used in the metadata
+     */
+    void
+    setVMReturnCode(std::int32_t const vmReturnCode)
+    {
+        vmReturnCode_ = vmReturnCode;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Discard changes and start fresh.
      */
@@ -163,6 +182,8 @@ private:
 
     // The ID of the batch transaction we are executing under, if set.
     std::optional<uint256 const> parentBatchId_;
+    std::optional<std::uint32_t> gasUsed_;
+    std::optional<std::int32_t> vmReturnCode_;
 };
 
 }  // namespace xrpl

include/xrpl/tx/paths/AMMLiquidity.h

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@
 #include <xrpl/protocol/AccountID.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Concepts.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Quality.h>
-#include <xrpl/protocol/Rules.h>
 #include <xrpl/tx/transactors/dex/AMMContext.h>
 
 #include <cstdint>
@@ -124,17 +123,12 @@ private:
     generateFibSeqOffer(TAmounts<TIn, TOut> const& balances) const;
 
     /**
-     * Generate max offer.
-     * If `fixAMMOverflowOffer` is active, the offer is generated as:
+     * Generate max offer. The offer is generated as:
      * takerGets = 99% * balances.out takerPays = swapOut(takerGets).
      * Return nullopt if takerGets is 0 or takerGets == balances.out.
-     *
-     * If `fixAMMOverflowOffer` is not active, the offer is generated as:
-     * takerPays = max input amount;
-     * takerGets = swapIn(takerPays).
      */
     [[nodiscard]] std::optional<AMMOffer<TIn, TOut>>
-    maxOffer(TAmounts<TIn, TOut> const& balances, Rules const& rules) const;
+    maxOffer(TAmounts<TIn, TOut> const& balances) const;
 };
 
 }  // namespace xrpl

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/escrow/EscrowCreate.h

@@ -20,15 +20,21 @@ public:
     {
     }
 
-    static TxConsequences
-    makeTxConsequences(PreflightContext const& ctx);
-
     static bool
     checkExtraFeatures(PreflightContext const& ctx);
 
+    static TxConsequences
+    makeTxConsequences(PreflightContext const& ctx);
+
+    static XRPAmount
+    calculateBaseFee(ReadView const& view, STTx const& tx);
+
     static NotTEC
     preflight(PreflightContext const& ctx);
 
+    static NotTEC
+    preflightSigValidated(PreflightContext const& ctx);
+
     static TER
     preclaim(PreclaimContext const& ctx);
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/sponsor/SponsorshipSet.h

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 
 #include <xrpl/beast/utility/Journal.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/ReadView.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/AccountID.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/Keylet.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/STLedgerEntry.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/STTx.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/TER.h>
@@ -16,7 +18,7 @@ namespace xrpl {
 class SponsorshipSet : public Transactor
 {
 public:
-    static constexpr auto kConsequencesFactory = ConsequencesFactoryType::Normal;
+    static constexpr auto kConsequencesFactory = ConsequencesFactoryType::Custom;
 
     explicit SponsorshipSet(ApplyContext& ctx) : Transactor(ctx)
     {
@@ -47,6 +49,15 @@ public:
         XRPAmount fee,
         ReadView const& view,
         beast::Journal const& j) override;
+
+private:
+    TER
+    createSponsorship(
+        Keylet const& sponsorshipKeylet,
+        AccountID const& sponsorID,
+        AccountID const& sponseeID,
+        SLE::ref sponsorAccSle,
+        SLE::ref reserveSponsorAccSle);
 };
 
 }  // namespace xrpl

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/token/MPTokenIssuanceCreate.h

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ struct MPTCreateArgs
     std::optional<std::uint16_t> transferFee = std::nullopt;
     std::optional<Slice> const& metadata{};
     std::optional<uint256> domainId = std::nullopt;
-    std::optional<std::uint32_t> mutableFlags = std::nullopt;
+    std::optional<std::uint32_t> immutableFlags = std::nullopt;
     // Set only by callers that issue an MPT representing a wrapped asset
     // (e.g. VaultCreate's share token). The keylet must point to an
     // existing MPToken or RippleState owned by `account`. Surfaces on

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/token/MPTokenIssuanceSet.h

@@ -3,12 +3,15 @@
 #include <xrpl/beast/utility/Journal.h>
 #include <xrpl/core/ServiceRegistry.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/ReadView.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/LedgerFormats.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/STTx.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/TER.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/TxFlags.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/XRPAmount.h>
 #include <xrpl/tx/ApplyContext.h>
 #include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
+#include <array>
 #include <cstdint>
 
 namespace xrpl {
@@ -22,6 +25,37 @@ public:
     {
     }
 
+    // Maps each MPTokenIssuanceSet set flag(e.g., tfMPTSetCanLock), to the issuance's
+    // corresponding immutable flag (e.g., lsifMPTCanLock) and the target ledger flag (e.g.,
+    // lsfMPTCanLock).
+    struct FlagMapping
+    {
+        std::uint32_t setFlag;
+        std::uint32_t immutableFlag;
+        std::uint32_t ledgerFlag;
+    };
+
+    static constexpr std::array<FlagMapping, 7> flagMapping = {
+        {{.setFlag = tfMPTSetCanLock, .immutableFlag = lsifMPTCanLock, .ledgerFlag = lsfMPTCanLock},
+         {.setFlag = tfMPTSetRequireAuth,
+          .immutableFlag = lsifMPTRequireAuth,
+          .ledgerFlag = lsfMPTRequireAuth},
+         {.setFlag = tfMPTSetCanEscrow,
+          .immutableFlag = lsifMPTCanEscrow,
+          .ledgerFlag = lsfMPTCanEscrow},
+         {.setFlag = tfMPTSetCanTrade,
+          .immutableFlag = lsifMPTCanTrade,
+          .ledgerFlag = lsfMPTCanTrade},
+         {.setFlag = tfMPTSetCanTransfer,
+          .immutableFlag = lsifMPTCanTransfer,
+          .ledgerFlag = lsfMPTCanTransfer},
+         {.setFlag = tfMPTSetCanClawback,
+          .immutableFlag = lsifMPTCanClawback,
+          .ledgerFlag = lsfMPTCanClawback},
+         {.setFlag = tfMPTSetCanHoldConfidentialBalance,
+          .immutableFlag = lsifMPTCanHoldConfidentialBalance,
+          .ledgerFlag = lsfMPTCanHoldConfidentialBalance}}};
+
     static bool
     checkExtraFeatures(PreflightContext const& ctx);
 

include/xrpl/tx/wasm/HostFunc.h

@@ -0,0 +1,500 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <xrpl/basics/Slice.h>
+#include <xrpl/basics/base_uint.h>
+#include <xrpl/basics/contract.h>
+#include <xrpl/beast/utility/Journal.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/AccountID.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/Asset.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/SField.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/UintTypes.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/wasm/WasmCommon.h>
+
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <expected>
+#include <functional>
+#include <optional>
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <string>
+#include <string_view>
+
+namespace xrpl {
+
+namespace wasm_float {
+
+std::string
+floatToString(Slice const& data);
+
+std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+floatFromIntImpl(int64_t x, int32_t mode);
+
+std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+floatFromUintImpl(uint64_t x, int32_t mode);
+
+std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+floatFromSTAmountImpl(STAmount const& x, int32_t mode);
+
+std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+floatFromSTNumberImpl(STNumber const& x, int32_t mode);
+
+std::expected<int64_t, HostFunctionError>
+floatToIntImpl(Slice const& x, int32_t mode);
+
+std::expected<FloatPair, HostFunctionError>
+floatToMantExpImpl(Slice const& x);
+
+std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+floatFromMantExpImpl(int64_t mantissa, int32_t exponent, int32_t mode);
+
+std::expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+floatCompareImpl(Slice const& x, Slice const& y);
+
+std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+floatAddImpl(Slice const& x, Slice const& y, int32_t mode);
+
+std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+floatSubtractImpl(Slice const& x, Slice const& y, int32_t mode);
+
+std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+floatMultiplyImpl(Slice const& x, Slice const& y, int32_t mode);
+
+std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+floatDivideImpl(Slice const& x, Slice const& y, int32_t mode);
+
+std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+floatRootImpl(Slice const& x, int32_t n, int32_t mode);
+
+std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+floatPowerImpl(Slice const& x, int32_t n, int32_t mode);
+
+}  // namespace wasm_float
+
+// Intended to work only through wasm runtime. Don't call them directly, except with unit tests
+class HostFunctions
+{
+protected:
+    RTOptRef rt_;
+    beast::Journal j_;
+
+public:
+    HostFunctions(beast::Journal j = beast::Journal{beast::Journal::getNullSink()}) : j_(j)
+    {
+    }
+
+    void
+    setRT(WasmRuntimeWrapper& rt)
+    {
+        rt_ = rt;
+    }
+
+    void
+    resetRT()
+    {
+        rt_ = std::nullopt;
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] WasmRuntimeWrapper&
+    getRT() const
+    {
+        if (!rt_)
+            Throw<std::logic_error>("Wasm runtime not set");
+        return rt_->get();
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] beast::Journal
+    getJournal() const
+    {
+        return j_;
+    }
+
+    // LCOV_EXCL_START
+
+    [[nodiscard]] virtual bool
+    checkSelf() const
+    {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<std::uint32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getLedgerSqn() const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<std::uint32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getParentLedgerTime() const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<Hash, HostFunctionError>
+    getParentLedgerHash() const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<uint32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getBaseFee() const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    isAmendmentEnabled(uint256 const& amendmentId) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    isAmendmentEnabled(std::string_view const& amendmentName) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    virtual std::expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    cacheLedgerObj(uint256 const& objId, int32_t cacheIdx)
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    getTxField(SField const& fname) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    getCurrentLedgerObjField(SField const& fname) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    getLedgerObjField(int32_t cacheIdx, SField const& fname) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    getTxNestedField(FieldLocator const& locator) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    getCurrentLedgerObjNestedField(FieldLocator const& locator) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    getLedgerObjNestedField(int32_t cacheIdx, FieldLocator const& locator) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getTxArrayLen(SField const& fname) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getCurrentLedgerObjArrayLen(SField const& fname) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getLedgerObjArrayLen(int32_t cacheIdx, SField const& fname) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getTxNestedArrayLen(FieldLocator const& locator) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getCurrentLedgerObjNestedArrayLen(FieldLocator const& locator) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getLedgerObjNestedArrayLen(int32_t cacheIdx, FieldLocator const& locator) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    virtual std::expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    updateData(Slice const& data)
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    checkSignature(Slice const& message, Slice const& signature, Slice const& pubkey) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<Hash, HostFunctionError>
+    computeSha512HalfHash(Slice const& data) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    accountKeylet(AccountID const& account) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    ammKeylet(Asset const& issue1, Asset const& issue2) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    checkKeylet(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t seq) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    credentialKeylet(AccountID const& subject, AccountID const& issuer, Slice const& credentialType)
+        const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    didKeylet(AccountID const& account) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    delegateKeylet(AccountID const& account, AccountID const& authorize) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    depositPreauthKeylet(AccountID const& account, AccountID const& authorize) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    escrowKeylet(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t seq) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    trustLineKeylet(AccountID const& account1, AccountID const& account2, Currency const& currency)
+        const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    mptokenIssuanceKeylet(AccountID const& issuer, std::uint32_t seq) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    mptokenKeylet(MPTID const& mptid, AccountID const& holder) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    nftokenOfferKeylet(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t seq) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    offerKeylet(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t seq) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    oracleKeylet(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t docId) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    paychannelKeylet(AccountID const& account, AccountID const& destination, std::uint32_t seq)
+        const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    permissionedDomainKeylet(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t seq) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    signerListKeylet(AccountID const& account) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    ticketKeylet(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t seq) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    vaultKeylet(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t seq) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    getNFT(AccountID const& account, uint256 const& nftId) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    getNFTIssuer(uint256 const& nftId) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<std::uint32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getNFTTaxon(uint256 const& nftId) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getNFTFlags(uint256 const& nftId) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getNFTTransferFee(uint256 const& nftId) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<std::uint32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getNFTSequence(uint256 const& nftId) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    // A no-op rather than Unimplemented: trace only writes to the local log.
+    // trace_wrap has already rendered the guest's buffer into `data`.
+    virtual void
+    trace(std::string_view const& msg, std::string_view const& data) const
+    {
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatFromInt(int64_t x, int32_t mode) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatFromUint(uint64_t x, int32_t mode) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatFromSTAmount(STAmount const& x, int32_t mode) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatFromSTNumber(STNumber const& x, int32_t mode) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<int64_t, HostFunctionError>
+    floatToInt(Slice const& x, int32_t mode) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<FloatPair, HostFunctionError>
+    floatToMantExp(Slice const& x) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatFromMantExp(int64_t mantissa, int32_t exponent, int32_t mode) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    floatCompare(Slice const& x, Slice const& y) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatAdd(Slice const& x, Slice const& y, int32_t mode) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatSubtract(Slice const& x, Slice const& y, int32_t mode) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatMultiply(Slice const& x, Slice const& y, int32_t mode) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatDivide(Slice const& x, Slice const& y, int32_t mode) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatRoot(Slice const& x, int32_t n, int32_t mode) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] [[nodiscard]] virtual std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatPower(Slice const& x, int32_t n, int32_t mode) const
+    {
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::Unimplemented);
+    }
+
+    virtual ~HostFunctions() = default;
+    // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
+};
+
+using HFRef = std::reference_wrapper<HostFunctions>;
+
+}  // namespace xrpl

include/xrpl/tx/wasm/HostFuncImpl.h

@@ -0,0 +1,290 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <xrpl/basics/Slice.h>
+#include <xrpl/basics/base_uint.h>
+#include <xrpl/beast/utility/Journal.h>
+#include <xrpl/core/ServiceRegistry.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/AccountID.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/Asset.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/Keylet.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/SField.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/STAmount.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/UintTypes.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/ApplyContext.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/wasm/HostFunc.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/wasm/WasmCommon.h>
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <array>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <expected>
+#include <memory>
+#include <optional>
+#include <string_view>
+
+namespace xrpl {
+
+// Intended to work only through wasm runtime. Don't call them directly, except with unit tests
+class WasmHostFunctionsImpl : public HostFunctions
+{
+    ApplyContext& ctx_;
+
+    Keylet leKey_;
+    mutable std::optional<std::shared_ptr<SLE const>> currentLedgerObj_;
+
+    static int constexpr maxCache = 256;
+    std::array<std::shared_ptr<SLE const>, maxCache> cache_;
+
+    std::optional<Bytes> data_;
+
+public:
+    std::expected<std::shared_ptr<SLE const>, HostFunctionError>
+    getCurrentLedgerObj() const
+    {
+        if (!currentLedgerObj_)
+            currentLedgerObj_ = ctx_.view().read(leKey_);
+        if (*currentLedgerObj_)
+            return *currentLedgerObj_;
+        return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::LedgerObjNotFound);
+    }
+
+    std::expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    normalizeCacheIndex(int32_t cacheIdx) const
+    {
+        --cacheIdx;
+        if (cacheIdx < 0 || cacheIdx >= maxCache)
+            return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::SlotOutRange);
+        if (!cache_[cacheIdx])
+            return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::EmptySlot);
+        return cacheIdx;
+    }
+
+    template <typename F>
+    void
+    log(std::string_view const& msg, F&& dataFn) const
+    {
+#ifdef DEBUG_OUTPUT
+        auto& j = std::cerr;
+#else
+        if (!getJournal().active(beast::Severity::Trace))
+            return;
+        auto j = getJournal().trace();
+#endif
+        j << "WasmTrace[" << toShortString(leKey_.key) << "]: " << msg << " " << dataFn();
+
+#ifdef DEBUG_OUTPUT
+        j << std::endl;
+#endif
+    }
+
+public:
+    WasmHostFunctionsImpl(ApplyContext& ct, Keylet const& leKey)
+        : HostFunctions(ct.journal), ctx_(ct), leKey_(leKey)
+    {
+    }
+
+    bool
+    checkSelf() const override
+    {
+        return !currentLedgerObj_ && !data_ &&
+            std::ranges::none_of(cache_, [](auto const& p) { return !!p; });
+    }
+
+    std::optional<Bytes> const&
+    getData() const
+    {
+        return data_;
+    }
+
+    std::expected<std::uint32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getLedgerSqn() const override;
+
+    std::expected<std::uint32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getParentLedgerTime() const override;
+
+    std::expected<Hash, HostFunctionError>
+    getParentLedgerHash() const override;
+
+    std::expected<std::uint32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getBaseFee() const override;
+
+    std::expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    isAmendmentEnabled(uint256 const& amendmentId) const override;
+
+    std::expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    isAmendmentEnabled(std::string_view const& amendmentName) const override;
+
+    std::expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    cacheLedgerObj(uint256 const& objId, int32_t cacheIdx) override;
+
+    std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    getTxField(SField const& fname) const override;
+
+    std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    getCurrentLedgerObjField(SField const& fname) const override;
+
+    std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    getLedgerObjField(int32_t cacheIdx, SField const& fname) const override;
+
+    std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    getTxNestedField(FieldLocator const& locator) const override;
+
+    std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    getCurrentLedgerObjNestedField(FieldLocator const& locator) const override;
+
+    std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    getLedgerObjNestedField(int32_t cacheIdx, FieldLocator const& locator) const override;
+
+    std::expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getTxArrayLen(SField const& fname) const override;
+
+    std::expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getCurrentLedgerObjArrayLen(SField const& fname) const override;
+
+    std::expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getLedgerObjArrayLen(int32_t cacheIdx, SField const& fname) const override;
+
+    std::expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getTxNestedArrayLen(FieldLocator const& locator) const override;
+
+    std::expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getCurrentLedgerObjNestedArrayLen(FieldLocator const& locator) const override;
+
+    std::expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getLedgerObjNestedArrayLen(int32_t cacheIdx, FieldLocator const& locator) const override;
+
+    std::expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    updateData(Slice const& data) override;
+
+    std::expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    checkSignature(Slice const& message, Slice const& signature, Slice const& pubkey)
+        const override;
+
+    std::expected<Hash, HostFunctionError>
+    computeSha512HalfHash(Slice const& data) const override;
+
+    std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    accountKeylet(AccountID const& account) const override;
+
+    std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    ammKeylet(Asset const& issue1, Asset const& issue2) const override;
+
+    std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    checkKeylet(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t seq) const override;
+
+    std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    credentialKeylet(AccountID const& subject, AccountID const& issuer, Slice const& credentialType)
+        const override;
+
+    std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    didKeylet(AccountID const& account) const override;
+
+    std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    delegateKeylet(AccountID const& account, AccountID const& authorize) const override;
+
+    std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    depositPreauthKeylet(AccountID const& account, AccountID const& authorize) const override;
+
+    std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    escrowKeylet(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t seq) const override;
+
+    std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    trustLineKeylet(AccountID const& account1, AccountID const& account2, Currency const& currency)
+        const override;
+
+    std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    mptokenIssuanceKeylet(AccountID const& issuer, std::uint32_t seq) const override;
+
+    std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    mptokenKeylet(MPTID const& mptid, AccountID const& holder) const override;
+
+    std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    nftokenOfferKeylet(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t seq) const override;
+
+    std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    offerKeylet(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t seq) const override;
+
+    std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    oracleKeylet(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t docId) const override;
+
+    std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    paychannelKeylet(AccountID const& account, AccountID const& destination, std::uint32_t seq)
+        const override;
+
+    std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    permissionedDomainKeylet(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t seq) const override;
+
+    std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    signerListKeylet(AccountID const& account) const override;
+
+    std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    ticketKeylet(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t seq) const override;
+
+    std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    vaultKeylet(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t seq) const override;
+
+    std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    getNFT(AccountID const& account, uint256 const& nftId) const override;
+
+    std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    getNFTIssuer(uint256 const& nftId) const override;
+
+    std::expected<std::uint32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getNFTTaxon(uint256 const& nftId) const override;
+
+    std::expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getNFTFlags(uint256 const& nftId) const override;
+
+    std::expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getNFTTransferFee(uint256 const& nftId) const override;
+
+    std::expected<std::uint32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getNFTSequence(uint256 const& nftId) const override;
+
+    void
+    trace(std::string_view const& msg, std::string_view const& data) const override;
+
+    std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatFromInt(int64_t x, int32_t mode) const override;
+
+    std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatFromUint(uint64_t x, int32_t mode) const override;
+
+    std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatFromSTAmount(STAmount const& x, int32_t mode) const override;
+
+    std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatFromSTNumber(STNumber const& x, int32_t mode) const override;
+
+    std::expected<int64_t, HostFunctionError>
+    floatToInt(Slice const& x, int32_t mode) const override;
+
+    std::expected<FloatPair, HostFunctionError>
+    floatToMantExp(Slice const& x) const override;
+
+    std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatFromMantExp(int64_t mantissa, int32_t exponent, int32_t mode) const override;
+
+    std::expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    floatCompare(Slice const& x, Slice const& y) const override;
+
+    std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatAdd(Slice const& x, Slice const& y, int32_t mode) const override;
+
+    std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatSubtract(Slice const& x, Slice const& y, int32_t mode) const override;
+
+    std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatMultiply(Slice const& x, Slice const& y, int32_t mode) const override;
+
+    std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatDivide(Slice const& x, Slice const& y, int32_t mode) const override;
+
+    std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatRoot(Slice const& x, int32_t n, int32_t mode) const override;
+
+    std::expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatPower(Slice const& x, int32_t n, int32_t mode) const override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace xrpl

include/xrpl/tx/wasm/HostFuncWrapper.h

@@ -0,0 +1,244 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <xrpl/tx/wasm/HostFunc.h>
+
+#include <wasm.h>
+
+#include <cstdint>
+
+namespace xrpl {
+
+#define WASM_CB_PARAMS_LIST void *env, wasm_val_vec_t const *params, wasm_val_vec_t *results
+#define WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST \
+    HostFunctions &hf, wasm_val_vec_t const *params, wasm_val_vec_t *results
+
+wasm_trap_t* HostFuncMain_wrap(WASM_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using getLedgerSqn_proto = int32_t(uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* getLedgerSqn_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using getParentLedgerTime_proto = int32_t(uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* getParentLedgerTime_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using getParentLedgerHash_proto = int32_t(uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* getParentLedgerHash_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using getBaseFee_proto = int32_t(uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* getBaseFee_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using isAmendmentEnabled_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* isAmendmentEnabled_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using cacheLedgerObj_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* cacheLedgerObj_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using getTxField_proto = int32_t(int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* getTxField_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using getCurrentLedgerObjField_proto = int32_t(int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* getCurrentLedgerObjField_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using getLedgerObjField_proto = int32_t(int32_t, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* getLedgerObjField_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using getTxNestedField_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* getTxNestedField_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using getCurrentLedgerObjNestedField_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* getCurrentLedgerObjNestedField_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using getLedgerObjNestedField_proto = int32_t(int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* getLedgerObjNestedField_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using getTxArrayLen_proto = int32_t(int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* getTxArrayLen_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using getCurrentLedgerObjArrayLen_proto = int32_t(int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* getCurrentLedgerObjArrayLen_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using getLedgerObjArrayLen_proto = int32_t(int32_t, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* getLedgerObjArrayLen_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using getTxNestedArrayLen_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* getTxNestedArrayLen_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using getCurrentLedgerObjNestedArrayLen_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* getCurrentLedgerObjNestedArrayLen_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using getLedgerObjNestedArrayLen_proto = int32_t(int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* getLedgerObjNestedArrayLen_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using updateData_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* updateData_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using checkSignature_proto =
+    int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* checkSignature_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using computeSha512HalfHash_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* computeSha512HalfHash_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using accountKeylet_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* accountKeylet_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using ammKeylet_proto =
+    int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* ammKeylet_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using checkKeylet_proto =
+    int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* checkKeylet_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using credentialKeylet_proto = int32_t(
+    uint8_t const*,
+    int32_t,
+    uint8_t const*,
+    int32_t,
+    uint8_t const*,
+    int32_t,
+    uint8_t*,
+    int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* credentialKeylet_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using delegateKeylet_proto =
+    int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* delegateKeylet_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using depositPreauthKeylet_proto =
+    int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* depositPreauthKeylet_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using didKeylet_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* didKeylet_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using escrowKeylet_proto =
+    int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* escrowKeylet_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using trustLineKeylet_proto = int32_t(
+    uint8_t const*,
+    int32_t,
+    uint8_t const*,
+    int32_t,
+    uint8_t const*,
+    int32_t,
+    uint8_t*,
+    int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* trustLineKeylet_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using mptokenIssuanceKeylet_proto =
+    int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* mptokenIssuanceKeylet_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using mptokenKeylet_proto =
+    int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* mptokenKeylet_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using nftokenOfferKeylet_proto =
+    int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* nftokenOfferKeylet_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using offerKeylet_proto =
+    int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* offerKeylet_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using oracleKeylet_proto =
+    int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* oracleKeylet_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using paychannelKeylet_proto = int32_t(
+    uint8_t const*,
+    int32_t,
+    uint8_t const*,
+    int32_t,
+    uint8_t const*,
+    int32_t,
+    uint8_t*,
+    int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* paychannelKeylet_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using permissionedDomainKeylet_proto =
+    int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* permissionedDomainKeylet_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using signerListKeylet_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* signerListKeylet_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using ticketKeylet_proto =
+    int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* ticketKeylet_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using vaultKeylet_proto =
+    int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* vaultKeylet_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using getNFT_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* getNFT_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using getNFTIssuer_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* getNFTIssuer_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using getNFTTaxon_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* getNFTTaxon_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using getNFTFlags_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* getNFTFlags_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using getNFTTransferFee_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* getNFTTransferFee_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using getNFTSequence_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* getNFTSequence_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+// trace(msg_ptr, msg_len, data_type, data_ptr, data_len); data_type is a
+// TraceDataType.
+using trace_proto = void(uint8_t const*, int32_t, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* trace_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using floatFromInt_proto = int32_t(int64_t, uint8_t*, int32_t, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* floatFromInt_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using floatFromUint_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* floatFromUint_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using floatFromSTAmount_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* floatFromSTAmount_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using floatFromSTNumber_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* floatFromSTNumber_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using floatToInt_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* floatToInt_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using floatToMantExp_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* floatToMantExp_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using floatFromMantExp_proto = int32_t(int64_t, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* floatFromMantExp_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using floatCompare_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* floatCompare_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using floatAdd_proto =
+    int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* floatAdd_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using floatSubtract_proto =
+    int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* floatSubtract_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using floatMultiply_proto =
+    int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* floatMultiply_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using floatDivide_proto =
+    int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* floatDivide_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using floatRoot_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* floatRoot_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+using floatPower_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t* floatPower_wrap(WASM_SECONDARY_CB_PARAMS_LIST);
+
+}  // namespace xrpl

include/xrpl/tx/wasm/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+# WASM Module for Programmable Escrows
+
+This module provides WebAssembly (WASM) execution capabilities for programmable
+escrows on the XRP Ledger. When an escrow is finished, the WASM code runs to
+determine whether the escrow conditions are met, enabling custom programmable
+logic for escrow release conditions.
+
+For the full specification, see
+[XLS-0102: WASM VM](https://xls.xrpl.org/xls/XLS-0102-wasm-vm.html).
+
+## Architecture
+
+The module follows a layered architecture:
+
+```
+┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│                 WasmEngine (WasmVM.h)                       │
+│         runEscrowWasm(), preflightEscrowWasm()              │
+│              Host function registration                     │
+├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
+│                 WasmiEngine (WasmiVM.h)                     │
+│            Low-level wasmi interpreter integration          │
+├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
+│    HostFuncWrapper          │       HostFuncImpl            │
+│   C-style WASM bridges      │   C++ implementations         │
+├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
+│                   HostFunc (Interface)                      │
+│            Abstract base class for host functions           │
+└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
+```
+
+### Key Components
+
+- **`WasmVM.h` / `detail/WasmVM.cpp`** - High-level facade providing:
+  - `WasmEngine` singleton that wraps the underlying WASM interpreter
+  - `runEscrowWasm()` - Execute WASM code for escrow finish
+  - `preflightEscrowWasm()` - Validate WASM code during preflight
+  - `createWasmImport()` - Register all host functions
+
+- **`WasmiVM.h` / `detail/WasmiVM.cpp`** - Low-level integration with the
+  [wasmi](https://github.com/wasmi-labs/wasmi) WebAssembly interpreter:
+  - `WasmiEngine` - Manages WASM modules, instances, and execution
+  - Memory management and gas metering
+  - Function invocation and result handling
+
+- **`HostFunc.h`** - Abstract `HostFunctions` base class defining the interface
+  for all callable host functions. Each method returns
+  `std::expected<T, HostFunctionError>`.
+
+- **`HostFuncImpl.h` / `detail/HostFuncImpl*.cpp`** - Concrete
+  `WasmHostFunctionsImpl` class that implements host functions with access to
+  `ApplyContext` for ledger state queries. Implementation split across files:
+  - `HostFuncImpl.cpp` - Core utilities (updateData, checkSignature, etc.)
+  - `HostFuncImplFloat.cpp` - Float/number arithmetic operations
+  - `HostFuncImplGetter.cpp` - Field access (transaction, ledger objects)
+  - `HostFuncImplKeylet.cpp` - Keylet construction functions
+  - `HostFuncImplLedgerHeader.cpp` - Ledger header info access
+  - `HostFuncImplNFT.cpp` - NFT-related queries
+  - `HostFuncImplTrace.cpp` - Debugging/tracing functions
+
+- **`HostFuncWrapper.h` / `detail/HostFuncWrapper.cpp`** - C-style wrapper
+  functions that bridge WASM calls to C++ `HostFunctions` methods. Each host
+  function has:
+  - A `_proto` type alias defining the function signature
+  - A `_wrap` function that extracts parameters and calls the implementation
+
+- **`ParamsHelper.h`** - Utilities for WASM parameter handling:
+  - `WASM_IMPORT_FUNC` / `WASM_IMPORT_FUNC2` macros for registration
+  - `wasmParams()` helper for building parameter vectors
+  - Type conversion between WASM and C++ types
+
+## Host Functions
+
+Host functions allow WASM code to interact with the XRP Ledger. They are
+organized into categories:
+
+- **Ledger Information** - Access ledger sequence, timestamps, hashes, fees
+- **Transaction & Ledger Object Access** - Read fields from the transaction
+  and ledger objects (including the current escrow object)
+- **Keylet Construction** - Build keylets to look up various ledger object types
+- **Cryptography** - Signature verification and hashing
+- **Float Arithmetic** - Mathematical operations for amount calculations
+- **NFT Operations** - Query NFT properties
+- **Tracing/Debugging** - Log messages for debugging
+
+For the complete list of available host functions, their WASM names, and gas
+costs, see the [XLS-0102 specification](https://xls.xrpl.org/xls/XLS-0102-wasm-vm.html)
+or `detail/WasmVM.cpp` where they are registered via `WASM_IMPORT_FUNC2` macros.
+For method signatures, see `HostFunc.h`.
+
+## Gas Model
+
+Each host function has an associated gas cost. The gas cost is specified when
+registering the function in `detail/WasmVM.cpp`:
+
+```cpp
+WASM_IMPORT_FUNC2(i, getLedgerSqn, "get_ledger_sqn", hfs, 60);
+//                                                        ^^ gas cost
+```
+
+WASM execution is metered, and if the gas limit is exceeded, execution fails.
+
+## Entry Point
+
+The WASM module must export a function with the name defined by
+`escrowFunctionName` (currently `"escrow_finish"`). This function:
+
+- Takes no parameters (or parameters passed via host function calls)
+- Returns an `int32_t`:
+  - `1` (or positive): Escrow conditions are met, allow finish
+  - `0` (or negative): Escrow conditions are not met, reject finish
+
+## Adding a New Host Function
+
+To add a new host function, follow these steps:
+
+### 1. Add to HostFunc.h (Base Class)
+
+Add a virtual method declaration with a default implementation that returns an
+error:
+
+```cpp
+virtual std::expected<ReturnType, HostFunctionError>
+myNewFunction(ParamType1 param1, ParamType2 param2)
+{
+    return std::unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+}
+```
+
+### 2. Add to HostFuncImpl.h (Declaration)
+
+Add the method override declaration in `WasmHostFunctionsImpl`:
+
+```cpp
+std::expected<ReturnType, HostFunctionError>
+myNewFunction(ParamType1 param1, ParamType2 param2) override;
+```
+
+### 3. Implement in detail/HostFuncImpl\*.cpp
+
+Add the implementation in the appropriate file:
+
+```cpp
+std::expected<ReturnType, HostFunctionError>
+WasmHostFunctionsImpl::myNewFunction(ParamType1 param1, ParamType2 param2)
+{
+    // Implementation using ctx (ApplyContext) for ledger access
+    return result;
+}
+```
+
+### 4. Add Wrapper to HostFuncWrapper.h
+
+Add the prototype and wrapper declaration:
+
+```cpp
+using myNewFunction_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, ...);
+wasm_trap_t*
+myNewFunction_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+```
+
+### 5. Implement Wrapper in detail/HostFuncWrapper.cpp
+
+Implement the C-style wrapper that bridges WASM to C++:
+
+```cpp
+wasm_trap_t*
+myNewFunction_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results)
+{
+    // Extract parameters from params
+    // Call hfs->myNewFunction(...)
+    // Set results and return
+}
+```
+
+### 6. Register in WasmVM.cpp
+
+Add the function registration in `setCommonHostFunctions()` or
+`createWasmImport()`:
+
+```cpp
+WASM_IMPORT_FUNC2(i, myNewFunction, "my_new_function", hfs, 100);
+//                                   ^^ WASM name       ^^ gas cost
+```
+
+> [!IMPORTANT]
+> New host functions MUST be amendment-gated in `WasmVM.cpp`.
+> Wrap the registration in an amendment check to ensure the function is only
+> available after the corresponding amendment is enabled on the network.

include/xrpl/tx/wasm/WasmCommon.h

@@ -0,0 +1,253 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <xrpl/basics/base_uint.h>
+#include <xrpl/basics/contract.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/TER.h>
+
+#include <bit>
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <functional>
+#include <optional>
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <string_view>
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace xrpl {
+
+using Bytes = std::vector<std::uint8_t>;
+using Hash = xrpl::uint256;
+using FloatPair = std::pair<int64_t, int32_t>;
+
+// Error signals that cross the wasm boundary as trap messages (the C API has no
+// trap code). WasmiEngine::call maps them to TER: hfErrInternal -> tecINTERNAL,
+// hfErrOutOfGas / wasmi's OutOfFuel -> tecOUT_OF_GAS, anything else ->
+// tecFAILED_PROCESSING.
+//
+// Matched as substrings, not by equality: the C API returns the Rust Debug form
+// of the error, e.g. `Error { kind: Message("HfInternal") }` or
+// `Error { kind: TrapCode(OutOfFuel) }`.
+std::string_view inline constexpr hfErrInternal = "HfInternal";
+std::string_view inline constexpr hfErrOutOfGas = "HfOutOfGas";
+std::string_view inline constexpr wasmiTrapOutOfFuel = "OutOfFuel";
+
+// Guest ABI, mirrored in the wasm stdlib: append only, never renumber. Starts at
+// 1 so a zeroed data_type is rejected rather than treated as Int64.
+enum class TraceDataType : std::int32_t {
+    Int64 = 1,
+    Uint64,
+    Xfloat,
+    Account,
+    Amount,
+    AsHex,   // raw bytes, hex-encoded by the host before printing
+    AsText,  // bytes printed verbatim as text
+};
+
+enum class HostFunctionError : int32_t {
+    Unimplemented = -1,
+    FieldNotFound = -2,
+    BufferTooSmall = -3,
+    NoArray = -4,
+    NotLeafField = -5,
+    LocatorMalformed = -6,
+    SlotOutRange = -7,
+    SlotsFull = -8,
+    EmptySlot = -9,
+    LedgerObjNotFound = -10,
+    OutOfTransferLimit = -11,
+    DataFieldTooLarge = -12,
+    PointerOutOfBounds = -13,
+    NoMemExported = -14,
+    InvalidParams = -15,
+    InvalidAccount = -16,
+    InvalidField = -17,
+    IndexOutOfBounds = -18,
+    FloatInputMalformed = -19,
+    FloatComputationError = -20,
+};
+
+enum class WasmTypes { WtI32, WtI64 };
+
+struct Wmem
+{
+    std::uint8_t* p = nullptr;
+    std::size_t s = 0;
+
+    Wmem() = default;
+    Wmem(void* ptr, std::size_t size) : p(reinterpret_cast<std::uint8_t*>(ptr)), s(size)
+    {
+    }
+};
+
+template <typename T>
+struct WasmResult
+{
+    T result;
+    int64_t cost;
+};
+using EscrowResult = WasmResult<int32_t>;
+
+// Engine error when wasm does not run to completion. `cost` is the gas consumed
+// when meaningful (tecOUT_OF_GAS / tecFAILED_PROCESSING; caller writes it to tx
+// metadata); std::nullopt for tecINTERNAL and malformed input (no gas reported).
+struct WasmTER
+{
+    TER ter;
+    std::optional<int64_t> cost;
+};
+
+class FieldLocator
+{
+    int32_t const* ptr_ = nullptr;
+    uint32_t size_ = 0;
+    std::vector<int32_t> buf_;
+
+public:
+    FieldLocator(std::vector<int32_t>&& buf)
+        : ptr_(&buf[0]), size_(buf.size()), buf_(std::move(buf))
+    {
+    }
+
+    FieldLocator(int32_t const* ptr, uint32_t const size) : ptr_(ptr), size_(size)
+    {
+    }
+
+    FieldLocator(FieldLocator const&) = delete;
+    FieldLocator&
+    operator=(FieldLocator const&) = delete;
+    FieldLocator(FieldLocator&&) = default;
+    FieldLocator&
+    operator=(FieldLocator&&) = default;
+
+    int32_t
+    operator[](unsigned i) const
+    {
+        if (i >= size_)
+            Throw<std::runtime_error>("index out of bounds");
+        return ptr_[i];
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] uint32_t
+    size() const
+    {
+        return size_;
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] int32_t const*
+    data() const
+    {
+        return ptr_;
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] bool
+    empty() const
+    {
+        return size_ == 0;
+    }
+};
+
+class WasmRuntimeWrapper
+{
+public:
+    virtual ~WasmRuntimeWrapper() = default;
+
+    virtual Wmem
+    getMem() = 0;
+
+    virtual std::int64_t
+    getGas() = 0;
+
+    virtual std::int64_t
+    setGas(std::int64_t gas) = 0;
+
+    virtual std::int64_t
+    getTransferLimit() = 0;
+
+    virtual std::int64_t
+    setTransferLimit(std::int64_t transferLimit) = 0;
+};
+using RTOptRef = std::optional<std::reference_wrapper<WasmRuntimeWrapper>>;
+
+struct WasmParam
+{
+    // We are not supporting float/double
+
+    WasmTypes type = WasmTypes::WtI32;
+    union
+    {
+        std::int32_t i32;
+        std::int64_t i64 = 0;
+    } of;
+};
+
+template <class... Types>
+inline void
+wasmParamsHlp(std::vector<WasmParam>& v, std::int32_t p, Types&&... args)
+{
+    v.push_back({.type = WasmTypes::WtI32, .of = {.i32 = p}});
+    wasmParamsHlp(v, std::forward<Types>(args)...);
+}
+
+template <class... Types>
+inline void
+wasmParamsHlp(std::vector<WasmParam>& v, std::int64_t p, Types&&... args)
+{
+    v.push_back({.type = WasmTypes::WtI64, .of = {.i64 = p}});
+    wasmParamsHlp(v, std::forward<Types>(args)...);
+}
+
+inline void
+wasmParamsHlp(std::vector<WasmParam>& v)
+{
+}
+
+template <class... Types>
+inline std::vector<WasmParam>
+wasmParams(Types&&... args)
+{
+    std::vector<WasmParam> v;
+    v.reserve(sizeof...(args));
+    wasmParamsHlp(v, std::forward<Types>(args)...);
+    return v;
+}
+
+template <typename T, size_t Size = sizeof(T)>
+constexpr T
+adjustWasmEndianessHlp(T x)
+{
+    static_assert(std::is_integral_v<T>, "Only integral types");
+    if constexpr (Size > 1)
+    {
+        using U = std::make_unsigned_t<T>;
+        U u = static_cast<U>(x);
+        U const low = (u & 0xFF) << ((Size - 1) << 3);
+        u = adjustWasmEndianessHlp<U, Size - 1>(u >> 8);
+        return static_cast<T>(low | u);
+    }
+
+    return x;
+}
+
+template <typename T, size_t Size = sizeof(T)>
+constexpr T
+adjustWasmEndianess(T x)
+{
+    // LCOV_EXCL_START
+    static_assert(std::is_integral_v<T>, "Only integral types");
+    if constexpr (std::endian::native == std::endian::big)
+    {
+        return adjustWasmEndianessHlp(x);
+    }
+    return x;
+    // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
+}
+
+constexpr int32_t
+hfErrorToInt(HostFunctionError e)
+{
+    return static_cast<int32_t>(e);
+}
+
+}  // namespace xrpl

include/xrpl/tx/wasm/WasmImportsHelper.h

@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <xrpl/tx/wasm/HostFunc.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/wasm/WasmCommon.h>
+
+#include <boost/function_types/function_arity.hpp>
+#include <boost/function_types/parameter_types.hpp>
+#include <boost/function_types/result_type.hpp>
+#include <boost/mpl/vector.hpp>
+
+#include <wasm.h>
+
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <optional>
+#include <string_view>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace bft = boost::function_types;
+
+namespace xrpl {
+
+using wasmSecondaryCbFuncType =
+    wasm_trap_t*(HostFunctions&, wasm_val_vec_t const*, wasm_val_vec_t*);
+
+struct WasmImportFunc
+{
+    std::string_view name;
+    std::optional<WasmTypes> result;
+    std::vector<WasmTypes> params;
+
+    wasmSecondaryCbFuncType* wrap = nullptr;
+    uint32_t gas = 0;
+};
+
+using WasmUserData = std::pair<HFRef, WasmImportFunc>;
+// string - import function name
+using ImportVec = std::unordered_map<std::string_view, WasmUserData>;
+
+template <int N, int C, typename Mpl>
+void
+WasmImpArgs(WasmImportFunc& e)
+{
+    if constexpr (N < C)
+    {
+        using at = boost::mpl::at_c<Mpl, N>::type;
+        if constexpr (std::is_pointer_v<at> || std::is_same_v<at, std::int32_t>)
+        {
+            e.params.push_back(WasmTypes::WtI32);
+        }
+        else if constexpr (std::is_same_v<at, std::int64_t>)
+        {
+            e.params.push_back(WasmTypes::WtI64);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            static_assert(std::is_pointer_v<at>, "Unsupported argument type");
+        }
+
+        return WasmImpArgs<N + 1, C, Mpl>(e);
+    }
+}
+
+template <typename>
+inline constexpr bool wasmDependentFalse = false;
+
+template <typename Rt>
+void
+WasmImpRet(WasmImportFunc& e)
+{
+    if constexpr (std::is_pointer_v<Rt> || std::is_same_v<Rt, std::int32_t>)
+    {
+        e.result = WasmTypes::WtI32;
+    }
+    else if constexpr (std::is_same_v<Rt, std::int64_t>)
+    {
+        e.result = WasmTypes::WtI64;
+    }
+    else if constexpr (std::is_void_v<Rt>)
+    {
+        e.result.reset();
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        static_assert(wasmDependentFalse<Rt>, "Unsupported return type");
+    }
+}
+
+template <typename F>
+void
+WasmImpFuncHelper(WasmImportFunc& e)
+{
+    using rt = bft::result_type<F>::type;
+    using pt = bft::parameter_types<F>::type;
+    // typename boost::mpl::at_c<mpl, N>::type
+
+    WasmImpRet<rt>(e);
+    WasmImpArgs<0, bft::function_arity<F>::value, pt>(e);
+    // WasmImpWrap(e, std::forward<F>(f));
+}
+
+// imp_name - string literal, must have static lifetime
+template <typename F>
+void
+WasmImpFunc(
+    ImportVec& v,
+    std::string_view impName,
+    wasmSecondaryCbFuncType* fWrap,
+    HostFunctions& hf,
+    uint32_t gas = 0)
+{
+    WasmImportFunc e;
+    e.name = impName;
+    e.wrap = fWrap;
+    e.gas = gas;
+    WasmImpFuncHelper<F>(e);
+    v.emplace(impName, std::make_pair(HFRef(hf), std::move(e)));
+}
+
+#define WASM_IMPORT_FUNC(v, f, ...) WasmImpFunc<f##_proto>(v, #f, &f##_wrap, ##__VA_ARGS__)
+
+// n - string literal name, must have static lifetime
+#define WASM_IMPORT_FUNC2(v, f, n, ...) WasmImpFunc<f##_proto>(v, n, &f##_wrap, ##__VA_ARGS__)
+
+}  // namespace xrpl

include/xrpl/tx/wasm/WasmVM.h

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <xrpl/beast/utility/Journal.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/TER.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/wasm/HostFunc.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/wasm/WasmCommon.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/wasm/WasmImportsHelper.h>
+
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <expected>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <string_view>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace xrpl {
+
+std::string_view inline constexpr wEnv = "env";
+std::string_view inline constexpr wHostLib = "host_lib";
+std::string_view inline constexpr wMem = "memory";
+std::string_view inline constexpr wStore = "store";
+std::string_view inline constexpr wLoad = "load";
+std::string_view inline constexpr wSize = "size";
+std::string_view inline constexpr wAlloc = "allocate";
+std::string_view inline constexpr wDealloc = "deallocate";
+std::string_view inline constexpr wProcExit = "proc_exit";
+
+std::string_view inline constexpr escrowFunctionName = "escrow_finish";
+
+uint32_t inline constexpr maxPages = 128;  // 8MB = 64KB*128
+
+class WasmiEngine;
+
+class WasmEngine
+{
+    std::unique_ptr<WasmiEngine> const impl_;
+
+    WasmEngine();
+
+public:
+    WasmEngine(WasmEngine const&) = delete;
+    WasmEngine(WasmEngine&&) = delete;
+    WasmEngine&
+    operator=(WasmEngine const&) = delete;
+    WasmEngine&
+    operator=(WasmEngine&&) = delete;
+
+    static WasmEngine&
+    instance();
+
+    std::expected<WasmResult<int32_t>, WasmTER>
+    run(Bytes const& wasmCode,
+        HostFunctions& hfs,
+        int64_t gasLimit,
+        std::string_view funcName = {},
+        std::vector<WasmParam> const& params = {},
+        ImportVec const& imports = {},
+        beast::Journal j = beast::Journal{beast::Journal::getNullSink()});
+
+    NotTEC
+    check(
+        Bytes const& wasmCode,
+        HostFunctions& hfs,
+        std::string_view funcName,
+        std::vector<WasmParam> const& params = {},
+        ImportVec const& imports = {},
+        beast::Journal j = beast::Journal{beast::Journal::getNullSink()});
+
+    // Host functions helper functionality
+    void*
+    newTrap(std::string const& txt = std::string());
+
+    [[nodiscard]] beast::Journal
+    getJournal() const;
+};
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+ImportVec
+createWasmImport(HostFunctions& hfs);
+
+std::expected<EscrowResult, WasmTER>
+runEscrowWasm(
+    Bytes const& wasmCode,
+    HostFunctions& hfs,
+    int64_t gasLimit,
+    std::string_view funcName = escrowFunctionName,
+    std::vector<WasmParam> const& params = {});
+
+NotTEC
+preflightEscrowWasm(
+    Bytes const& wasmCode,
+    HostFunctions& hfs,
+    std::string_view funcName = escrowFunctionName,
+    std::vector<WasmParam> const& params = {});
+
+}  // namespace xrpl

include/xrpl/tx/wasm/WasmiVM.h

@@ -0,0 +1,462 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <xrpl/basics/contract.h>
+#include <xrpl/beast/utility/Journal.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/Protocol.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/TER.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/wasm/HostFunc.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/wasm/WasmCommon.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/wasm/WasmImportsHelper.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/wasm/WasmVM.h>
+
+#include <wasm.h>
+
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <expected>
+#include <memory>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <optional>
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <string>
+#include <string_view>
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace xrpl {
+
+template <class T, void (*Create)(T*, size_t), void (*Destroy)(T*)>
+class WasmVec
+{
+    using TD = std::remove_pointer_t<decltype(T::data)>;
+    T vec_;
+
+public:
+    WasmVec(size_t s = 0) : vec_ WASM_EMPTY_VEC
+    {
+        if (s > 0)
+            Create(&vec_, s);  // zeroes memory
+    }
+
+    ~WasmVec()
+    {
+        clear();
+    }
+
+    WasmVec(WasmVec const&) = delete;
+    WasmVec&
+    operator=(WasmVec const&) = delete;
+
+    WasmVec(WasmVec&& other) noexcept : vec_ WASM_EMPTY_VEC
+    {
+        *this = std::move(other);
+    }
+
+    WasmVec&
+    operator=(WasmVec&& other) noexcept
+    {
+        if (this != &other)
+        {
+            clear();
+            vec_ = other.vec_;
+            other.vec_ = WASM_EMPTY_VEC;
+        }
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    void
+    clear()
+    {
+        Destroy(&vec_);  // call destructor for every elements too
+        vec_ = WASM_EMPTY_VEC;
+    }
+
+    T
+    release()
+    {
+        T result = vec_;
+        vec_ = WASM_EMPTY_VEC;
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    T*
+    get()
+    {
+        return &vec_;
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] T const*
+    get() const
+    {
+        return &vec_;
+    }
+
+    TD&
+    operator[](size_t i)
+    {
+        if (i >= vec_.size)
+            Throw<std::runtime_error>("Out of bound");
+        return vec_.data[i];
+    }
+
+    TD const&
+    operator[](size_t i) const
+    {
+        if (i >= vec_.size)
+            Throw<std::runtime_error>("Out of bound");
+        return vec_.data[i];
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] size_t
+    size() const
+    {
+        return vec_.size;
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] bool
+    empty() const
+    {
+        return vec_.size == 0u;
+    }
+};
+
+using WasmValtypeVec =
+    WasmVec<wasm_valtype_vec_t, &wasm_valtype_vec_new_uninitialized, &wasm_valtype_vec_delete>;
+using WasmValVec = WasmVec<wasm_val_vec_t, &wasm_val_vec_new_uninitialized, &wasm_val_vec_delete>;
+using WasmExternVec =
+    WasmVec<wasm_extern_vec_t, &wasm_extern_vec_new_uninitialized, &wasm_extern_vec_delete>;
+using WasmExporttypeVec = WasmVec<
+    wasm_exporttype_vec_t,
+    &wasm_exporttype_vec_new_uninitialized,
+    &wasm_exporttype_vec_delete>;
+using WasmImporttypeVec = WasmVec<
+    wasm_importtype_vec_t,
+    &wasm_importtype_vec_new_uninitialized,
+    &wasm_importtype_vec_delete>;
+
+struct WasmiResult
+{
+    WasmValVec r;
+    // Set iff the call trapped. Holds the TER the trap was classified into
+    // (tecINTERNAL / tecOUT_OF_GAS / tecFAILED_PROCESSING); see
+    // WasmiEngine::call. std::nullopt means the call returned normally.
+    std::optional<TER> ter;
+
+    WasmiResult(unsigned n = 0) : r(n)
+    {
+    }
+
+    WasmiResult() = delete;
+    ~WasmiResult() = default;
+    WasmiResult(WasmiResult&& o) = default;
+    WasmiResult&
+    operator=(WasmiResult&& o) = default;
+};
+
+using ModulePtr = std::unique_ptr<wasm_module_t, decltype(&wasm_module_delete)>;
+using InstancePtr = std::unique_ptr<wasm_instance_t, decltype(&wasm_instance_delete)>;
+using EnginePtr = std::unique_ptr<wasm_engine_t, decltype(&wasm_engine_delete)>;
+using StorePtr = std::unique_ptr<wasm_store_t, decltype(&wasm_store_delete)>;
+
+using FuncInfo = std::pair<wasm_func_t const*, wasm_functype_t const*>;
+
+class InstanceWrapper
+{
+    wasm_store_t* store_ = nullptr;
+    WasmExternVec exports_;
+    mutable int memIdx_ = -1;
+    InstancePtr instance_;
+    beast::Journal j_ = beast::Journal(beast::Journal::getNullSink());
+    std::int64_t transferLimit_ = kWasmTransferLimit;
+
+private:
+    static InstancePtr
+    init(
+        StorePtr& s,
+        ModulePtr& m,
+        WasmExternVec& expt,
+        WasmExternVec const& imports,
+        beast::Journal j);
+
+public:
+    InstanceWrapper() : instance_(nullptr, &wasm_instance_delete) {};
+
+    InstanceWrapper(InstanceWrapper const&) = delete;
+
+    InstanceWrapper(InstanceWrapper&& o) : instance_(nullptr, &wasm_instance_delete)
+    {
+        *this = std::move(o);  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+    }
+
+    InstanceWrapper(StorePtr& s, ModulePtr& m, WasmExternVec const& imports, beast::Journal j)
+        : store_(s.get()), instance_(init(s, m, exports_, imports, j)), j_(j)
+    {
+    }
+
+    InstanceWrapper&
+    operator=(InstanceWrapper&& o);
+
+    InstanceWrapper&
+    operator=(InstanceWrapper const&) = delete;
+
+    operator bool() const
+    {
+        return static_cast<bool>(instance_);
+    }
+
+    FuncInfo
+    getFunc(std::string_view funcName, WasmExporttypeVec const& exportTypes) const;
+
+    Wmem
+    getMem() const;
+
+    std::int64_t
+    getGas() const;
+
+    std::int64_t
+    setGas(std::int64_t) const;
+
+    std::int64_t
+    getTransferLimit() const;
+
+    std::int64_t
+    setTransferLimit(std::int64_t);
+};
+
+class ModuleWrapper
+{
+    ModulePtr module_;
+    InstanceWrapper instanceWrap_;
+    WasmExporttypeVec exportTypes_;
+    beast::Journal j_ = beast::Journal(beast::Journal::getNullSink());
+
+public:
+    // LCOV_EXCL_START
+    ModuleWrapper() : module_(nullptr, &wasm_module_delete)
+    {
+    }
+
+    ModuleWrapper(ModuleWrapper&& o) : module_(nullptr, &wasm_module_delete)
+    {
+        *this = std::move(o);
+    }
+    // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
+
+    ModuleWrapper&
+    operator=(ModuleWrapper&& o);
+    ModuleWrapper(
+        StorePtr& s,
+        Bytes const& wasmBin,
+        bool instantiate,
+        ImportVec const& imports,
+        beast::Journal j);
+    ~ModuleWrapper() = default;
+
+    operator bool() const
+    {
+        return instanceWrap_;
+    }
+
+    FuncInfo
+    getFunc(std::string_view funcName) const
+    {
+        return instanceWrap_.getFunc(funcName, exportTypes_);
+    }
+
+    wasm_functype_t const*
+    getFuncType(std::string_view funcName) const;
+
+    Wmem
+    getMem() const
+    {
+        return instanceWrap_.getMem();
+    }
+
+    InstanceWrapper&
+    getInstance(int i = 0)
+    {
+        return instanceWrap_;
+    }
+
+    InstanceWrapper const&
+    getInstance(int i = 0) const
+    {
+        return instanceWrap_;
+    }
+
+    int
+    addInstance(StorePtr& s, WasmExternVec const& imports)
+    {
+        instanceWrap_ = {s, module_, imports, j_};
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    std::int64_t
+    getGas() const
+    {
+        return instanceWrap_ ? instanceWrap_.getGas() : -1;
+    }
+
+private:
+    static ModulePtr
+    init(StorePtr& s, Bytes const& wasmBin, beast::Journal j);
+
+    WasmExternVec
+    buildImports(StorePtr& s, ImportVec const& imports) const;
+};
+
+class WasmiEngine
+{
+    EnginePtr engine_;
+    StorePtr store_;
+    std::unique_ptr<ModuleWrapper> moduleWrap_;
+    beast::Journal j_ = beast::Journal(beast::Journal::getNullSink());
+
+    std::mutex m_;  // 1 instance mutex
+
+public:
+    WasmiEngine() : engine_(init()), store_(nullptr, &wasm_store_delete)
+    {
+    }
+
+    ~WasmiEngine() = default;
+
+    static EnginePtr
+    init();
+
+    std::expected<WasmResult<int32_t>, WasmTER>
+    run(Bytes const& wasmCode,
+        HostFunctions& hfs,
+        int64_t gas,
+        std::string_view funcName,
+        std::vector<WasmParam> const& params,
+        ImportVec const& imports,
+        beast::Journal j);
+
+    NotTEC
+    check(
+        Bytes const& wasmCode,
+        HostFunctions& hfs,
+        std::string_view funcName,
+        std::vector<WasmParam> const& params,
+        ImportVec const& imports,
+        beast::Journal j);
+
+    [[nodiscard]] std::int64_t
+    getGas() const
+    {
+        return moduleWrap_ ? moduleWrap_->getGas() : -1;  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+    }
+
+    // Host functions helper functionality
+    wasm_trap_t*
+    newTrap(std::string const& msg);
+
+    // LCOV_EXCL_START
+    [[nodiscard]] beast::Journal
+    getJournal() const
+    {
+        return j_;
+    }
+    // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
+
+private:
+    [[nodiscard]] InstanceWrapper&
+    getRT(int m = 0, int i = 0) const
+    {
+        if (!moduleWrap_)
+            Throw<std::runtime_error>("no module");
+        return moduleWrap_->getInstance(i);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] Wmem
+    getMem() const
+    {
+        return moduleWrap_ ? moduleWrap_->getMem() : Wmem();
+    }
+
+    std::expected<WasmResult<int32_t>, WasmTER>
+    runHlp(
+        Bytes const& wasmCode,
+        HostFunctions& hfs,
+        int64_t gas,
+        std::string_view funcName,
+        std::vector<WasmParam> const& params,
+        ImportVec const& imports,
+        beast::Journal j);
+
+    NotTEC
+    checkHlp(
+        Bytes const& wasmCode,
+        HostFunctions& hfs,
+        std::string_view funcName,
+        std::vector<WasmParam> const& params,
+        ImportVec const& imports,
+        beast::Journal j);
+
+    int
+    addModule(Bytes const& wasmCode, bool instantiate, ImportVec const& imports, int64_t gas);
+    void
+    clearModules();
+
+    // int  addInstance();
+
+    int32_t
+    runFunc(std::string_view const funcName, int32_t p);
+
+    int32_t
+    makeModule(Bytes const& wasmCode, WasmExternVec const& imports = {});
+
+    [[nodiscard]] FuncInfo
+    getFunc(std::string_view funcName) const
+    {
+        return moduleWrap_->getFunc(funcName);
+    }
+
+    static std::vector<wasm_val_t>
+    convertParams(std::vector<WasmParam> const& params);
+
+    static int
+    compareParamTypes(wasm_valtype_vec_t const* ftp, std::vector<wasm_val_t> const& p);
+
+    static void
+    addParam(std::vector<wasm_val_t>& in, int32_t p);
+    static void
+    addParam(std::vector<wasm_val_t>& in, int64_t p);
+
+    template <int NR, class... Types>
+    inline WasmiResult
+    call(std::string_view func, Types&&... args);
+
+    template <int NR, class... Types>
+    inline WasmiResult
+    call(FuncInfo const& f, Types&&... args);
+
+    template <int NR, class... Types>
+    inline WasmiResult
+    call(FuncInfo const& f, std::vector<wasm_val_t>& in);
+
+    template <int NR, class... Types>
+    inline WasmiResult
+    call(FuncInfo const& f, std::vector<wasm_val_t>& in, std::int32_t p, Types&&... args);
+
+    template <int NR, class... Types>
+    inline WasmiResult
+    call(FuncInfo const& f, std::vector<wasm_val_t>& in, std::int64_t p, Types&&... args);
+
+    template <int NR, class... Types>
+    inline WasmiResult
+    call(
+        FuncInfo const& f,
+        std::vector<wasm_val_t>& in,
+        uint8_t const* d,
+        int32_t sz,
+        Types&&... args);
+
+    template <int NR, class... Types>
+    inline WasmiResult
+    call(FuncInfo const& f, std::vector<wasm_val_t>& in, Bytes const& p, Types&&... args);
+};
+
+}  // namespace xrpl

package/README.md

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 # Linux Packaging
 
-This directory contains all files needed to build RPM and Debian packages for `xrpld`.
+This directory contains all files needed to build RPM and Debian packages for
+`xrpld`. The packages also ship the `validator-keys` tool, so packaging requires
+a build configured with `-Dvalidator_keys=ON`.
 
 ## Directory layout
 
@@ -46,17 +48,28 @@ To print the full packaging matrix (artifact names and images) for the current
 Caller workflows (`on-pr.yml`, `on-tag.yml`, `on-trigger.yml`) call
 `reusable-package.yml`. That workflow generates its own packaging matrix from
 `package_configs` in `linux.json` (via `generate.py --packaging`) and fans out
-one job per distro. Each job downloads the pre-built `xrpld` binary artifact and
-runs in that distro's container, so the package format follows from the
-container's package manager. The packaging script derives the package version
-from the downloaded binary's `xrpld --version` output; no CMake configure or
-build step is needed inside the packaging job.
+one job per distro. Each job downloads the pre-built `xrpld` and `validator-keys`
+binary artifacts and runs in that distro's container, so the package format
+follows from the container's package manager. The packaging script derives the
+package version from the downloaded binary's `xrpld --version` output; no CMake
+configure or build step is needed inside the packaging job.
+
+The binaries come from the `debian` and `rhel` build configurations in
+`linux.json`'s `configs` section, which pass `-Dvalidator_keys=ON` so that the
+build job produces `validator-keys` next to `xrpld` and uploads it as the
+`validator-keys-<config name>` artifact. The packaging entry for a distro names
+both artifacts (`xrpld_artifact_name` and `validator_keys_artifact_name`), so a
+packaged configuration must keep `-Dvalidator_keys=ON`.
+
+`validator-keys` is fetched from an exact commit pinned in
+[`cmake/XrplValidatorKeys.cmake`](../cmake/XrplValidatorKeys.cmake), so a given
+`xrpld` version always packages the same tool; bump that commit deliberately.
 
 ### Locally (mirrors CI)
 
-With an `xrpld` binary already built at `build/xrpld`, run the packaging step
-inside the same container CI uses. The image tag is derived from `linux.json`
-so you don't need to hardcode a SHA.
+With `xrpld` and `validator-keys` binaries already built at `build/xrpld` and
+`build/validator-keys`, run the packaging step inside the same container CI uses.
+The image tag is derived from `linux.json` so you don't need to hardcode a SHA.
 
 ```bash
 # From the repo root. Each distro's container image is the `image` field of its
@@ -87,6 +100,7 @@ needed, but the host toolchain replaces the pinned CI image:
 ```bash
 cmake \
     -Dxrpld=ON \
+    -Dvalidator_keys=ON \
     -Dpkg_release=1 \
     -Dtests=OFF \
     ..
@@ -95,9 +109,11 @@ cmake --build . --target package # deb on Debian/Ubuntu, rpm on RHEL
 ```
 
 The `cmake/XrplPackaging.cmake` module defines the `package` target only if at
-least one of `rpmbuild` / `dpkg-buildpackage` is present; `build_pkg.sh` then
-infers the package format from the host's package manager. The packaging script
-installs to FHS-standard paths (`/usr/bin`, `/etc/xrpld`, etc.) regardless of
+least one of `rpmbuild` / `dpkg-buildpackage` is present and both the `xrpld` and
+`validator-keys` targets exist (`-Dxrpld=ON -Dvalidator_keys=ON`); the target
+builds both binaries before packaging. `build_pkg.sh` then infers the package
+format from the host's package manager. The packaging script installs to
+FHS-standard paths (`/usr/bin`, `/etc/xrpld`, etc.) regardless of
 `CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX`.
 
 The package version is not a CMake input on this path: `build_pkg.sh` derives it
@@ -156,13 +172,17 @@ CMake/CI integration. The CI workflow and the CMake `package` target both invoke
 and lets the script use defaults for the rest.
 
 It resolves `SRC_DIR` and `BUILD_DIR` to absolute paths, then calls
-`stage_common()` to copy the binary, config files, and shared support files
-into the staging area, and invokes the platform build tool.
+`stage_common()` to copy the `xrpld` and `validator-keys` binaries, config files,
+and shared support files into the staging area, and invokes the platform build
+tool. Both binaries must be present in `BUILD_DIR` and must run in the packaging
+environment; a missing or non-runnable one fails early. That runtime check is
+what catches a binary still linked against the Nix store's ELF loader (see
+`patch_nix_binary` in `cmake/PatchNixBinary.cmake`).
 
 ### RPM
 
 1. Creates the standard `rpmbuild/{BUILD,BUILDROOT,RPMS,SOURCES,SPECS,SRPMS}` tree inside the build directory.
-2. Copies `xrpld.spec` and all shared source files (binary, configs, service files) into `SOURCES/`.
+2. Copies `xrpld.spec` and all shared source files (binaries, configs, service files) into `SOURCES/`.
 3. Runs `rpmbuild -bb`, passing the normalized package metadata version as the
    `pkg_version` RPM macro and `PKG_RELEASE` as the `pkg_release` RPM macro.
    The spec uses manual `install` commands to place files, disables `dwz`, and
@@ -182,7 +202,8 @@ service restart.
 ### DEB
 
 1. Creates a staging source tree at `debbuild/source/` inside the build directory.
-2. Stages the binary, configs, `README.md`, and `LICENSE.md`.
+2. Stages the binaries, configs, `README.md`, `LICENSE.md`, and
+   `validator-keys-LICENSE`.
 3. Copies `package/debian/` control files into `debbuild/source/debian/`.
 4. Copies shared service/sysusers/tmpfiles into `debian/` where `dh_installsystemd`, `dh_installsysusers`, and `dh_installtmpfiles` pick them up automatically.
 5. Generates a minimal `debian/changelog` using `${pkg_version}-${PKG_RELEASE}`,

package/build_pkg.sh

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env bash
 set -euo pipefail
 
-# Build an RPM or Debian package from a pre-built xrpld binary.
+# Build an RPM or Debian package from the pre-built xrpld and validator-keys
+# binaries.
 #
 # Flags override env vars; env vars override defaults.
 
@@ -11,7 +12,9 @@ Usage: build_pkg.sh [options]
 
 Options (each can also be set via the env var shown):
   --src-dir DIR            repo root                 [SRC_DIR;           default: ${PWD}]
-  --build-dir DIR          directory holding xrpld   [BUILD_DIR;         default: ${PWD}/build]
+  --build-dir DIR          directory holding the
+                           xrpld and validator-keys
+                           binaries                  [BUILD_DIR;         default: ${PWD}/build]
   --pkg-release N          package release iteration [PKG_RELEASE;       default: 1]
   --source-date-epoch SECS reproducibility timestamp [SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH; latest git ctime; fallback: current time]
   -h, --help               show this help and exit
@@ -69,15 +72,44 @@ SRC_DIR="$(cd "${SRC_DIR:-${PWD}}" && pwd)"
 BUILD_DIR="${BUILD_DIR:-${PWD}/build}"
 if [[ ! -d "${BUILD_DIR}" ]]; then
     echo "build_pkg.sh: build directory not found: ${BUILD_DIR}" >&2
-    echo "Build xrpld before packaging, or set BUILD_DIR to the directory containing xrpld." >&2
+    echo "Build the binaries before packaging, or set BUILD_DIR to the directory containing them." >&2
     exit 1
 fi
 BUILD_DIR="$(cd "${BUILD_DIR}" && pwd)"
 
 xrpld_binary="${BUILD_DIR}/xrpld"
-if [[ ! -x "${xrpld_binary}" ]]; then
-    echo "build_pkg.sh: expected executable xrpld binary at ${xrpld_binary}." >&2
-    echo "Build xrpld before packaging, or set BUILD_DIR to the directory containing xrpld." >&2
+validator_keys_binary="${BUILD_DIR}/validator-keys"
+
+# Report both binaries at once: they share a single BUILD_DIR, so telling the
+# reader to point it at one of them in isolation is advice they cannot follow.
+missing=()
+[[ -x "${xrpld_binary}" ]] || missing+=(xrpld)
+[[ -x "${validator_keys_binary}" ]] || missing+=(validator-keys)
+
+if [[ ${#missing[@]} -gt 0 ]]; then
+    echo "build_pkg.sh: missing or not executable in ${BUILD_DIR}: ${missing[*]}" >&2
+    echo "Both binaries come from a single CMake build directory configured with" >&2
+    echo "-Dxrpld=ON -Dvalidator_keys=ON. Build them, then point BUILD_DIR at that" >&2
+    echo "directory." >&2
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+# Shipping validator-keys means shipping its notice, so treat it as required
+# rather than letting a package go out without the attribution.
+validator_keys_license="${BUILD_DIR}/validator-keys-LICENSE"
+if [[ ! -f "${validator_keys_license}" ]]; then
+    echo "build_pkg.sh: missing ${validator_keys_license}." >&2
+    echo "cmake/XrplValidatorKeys.cmake copies it out of the fetched" >&2
+    echo "validator-keys-tool source, so reconfigure with -Dvalidator_keys=ON." >&2
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+# The binary must also *run* here. Packaging happens in a vanilla distro
+# container, so this is what catches a binary still pointing at the Nix store's
+# ELF loader (see patch_nix_binary in cmake/PatchNixBinary.cmake); xrpld is
+# covered implicitly by the version query below.
+if ! "${validator_keys_binary}" --version >/dev/null; then
+    echo "build_pkg.sh: ${validator_keys_binary} exists but does not run here." >&2
     exit 1
 fi
 
@@ -150,7 +182,9 @@ stage_common() {
     local dest="$1"
     mkdir -p "${dest}"
 
-    cp "${BUILD_DIR}/xrpld" "${dest}/xrpld"
+    cp "${xrpld_binary}" "${dest}/xrpld"
+    cp "${validator_keys_binary}" "${dest}/validator-keys"
+    cp "${validator_keys_license}" "${dest}/validator-keys-LICENSE"
     cp "${SRC_DIR}/cfg/xrpld-example.cfg" "${dest}/xrpld.cfg"
     cp "${SRC_DIR}/cfg/validators-example.txt" "${dest}/validators.txt"
     cp "${SRC_DIR}/LICENSE.md" "${dest}/LICENSE.md"

package/debian/control

@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@ Depends:
  ${shlibs:Depends},
  ${misc:Depends}
 Description: XRP Ledger daemon
- Reference implementation of the XRP Ledger protocol.
- Participates in the peer-to-peer network, processes transactions,
- and maintains a local ledger copy.
+ xrpld is the reference implementation of the XRP Ledger protocol. It
+ participates in the peer-to-peer XRP Ledger network, processes
+ transactions, and maintains the ledger database.
+ This package also includes the validator-keys tool for validator key
+ management.

package/debian/copyright

@@ -4,6 +4,25 @@ Source: https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled
 
 Files: *
 Copyright: 2011-present, the XRP Ledger developers
+License: ISC
+
+Files: validator-keys
+Copyright: 2016, Ripple Labs Inc.
+ 2011, Arthur Britto, David Schwartz, Jed McCaleb, Vinnie Falco, Bob Way,
+ Eric Lombrozo, Nikolaos D. Bougalis, Howard Hinnant
+ 2013, Raw Material Software Ltd.
+ 2003-2011, Christopher M. Kohlhoff
+ 2009-2010, Satoshi Nakamoto
+ 2011, The Bitcoin developers
+ 2003-2005, Tom Wu
+License: ISC
+Comment: Built from https://github.com/ripple/validator-keys-tool at the commit
+ pinned in cmake/XrplValidatorKeys.cmake. Besides ISC-licensed code it
+ incorporates work under the Boost Software License 1.0 (ASIO), the MIT/X11
+ license (Bitcoin) and Tom Wu's license, whose terms require its notice to be
+ retained intact. The complete upstream notice is therefore shipped verbatim as
+ /usr/share/doc/xrpld/validator-keys-LICENSE.
+
 License: ISC
  Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
  purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above

package/debian/rules

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ override_dh_installsysusers:
 
 override_dh_install:
 	install -D -m 0755 xrpld            debian/xrpld/usr/bin/xrpld
+	install -D -m 0755 validator-keys   debian/xrpld/usr/bin/validator-keys
 	install -D -m 0644 xrpld.cfg        debian/xrpld/etc/xrpld/xrpld.cfg
 	install -D -m 0644 validators.txt   debian/xrpld/etc/xrpld/validators.txt
 

package/debian/xrpld.docs

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
 README.md
+validator-keys-LICENSE

package/rpm/xrpld.spec

@@ -32,6 +32,8 @@ BuildRequires: systemd-rpm-macros
 xrpld is the reference implementation of the XRP Ledger protocol. It
 participates in the peer-to-peer XRP Ledger network, processes
 transactions, and maintains the ledger database.
+This package also includes the validator-keys tool for validator key
+management.
 
 %prep
 :
@@ -41,6 +43,7 @@ transactions, and maintains the ledger database.
 
 %install
 install -Dm0755 %{_sourcedir}/xrpld                %{buildroot}%{_bindir}/%{name}
+install -Dm0755 %{_sourcedir}/validator-keys       %{buildroot}%{_bindir}/validator-keys
 install -Dm0644 %{_sourcedir}/xrpld.cfg            %{buildroot}%{_sysconfdir}/%{name}/xrpld.cfg
 install -Dm0644 %{_sourcedir}/validators.txt       %{buildroot}%{_sysconfdir}/%{name}/validators.txt
 
@@ -59,6 +62,8 @@ install -Dm0644 %{_sourcedir}/xrpld.logrotate      %{buildroot}%{_sysconfdir}/lo
 # Docs
 install -Dm0644 %{_sourcedir}/LICENSE.md %{buildroot}%{_docdir}/%{name}/LICENSE.md
 install -Dm0644 %{_sourcedir}/README.md  %{buildroot}%{_docdir}/%{name}/README.md
+# Upstream notice for the bundled validator-keys tool.
+install -Dm0644 %{_sourcedir}/validator-keys-LICENSE %{buildroot}%{_docdir}/%{name}/validator-keys-LICENSE
 
 # Legacy compatibility for pre-FHS package layouts.
 # TODO: remove after rippled fully deprecated.
@@ -80,11 +85,13 @@ systemd-tmpfiles --create %{_tmpfilesdir}/xrpld.conf || :
 
 %files
 %license %{_docdir}/%{name}/LICENSE.md
+%license %{_docdir}/%{name}/validator-keys-LICENSE
 %doc %{_docdir}/%{name}/README.md
 
 %dir %{_sysconfdir}/%{name}
 
 %{_bindir}/%{name}
+%{_bindir}/validator-keys
 
 %config(noreplace) %{_sysconfdir}/%{name}/xrpld.cfg
 %config(noreplace) %{_sysconfdir}/%{name}/validators.txt

src/libxrpl/basics/base64.cpp

@@ -76,24 +76,6 @@ getInverse()
     return &kTab[0];
 }
 
-/**
- * Returns max chars needed to encode a base64 string
- */
-constexpr std::size_t
-encodedSize(std::size_t n)
-{
-    return 4 * ((n + 2) / 3);
-}
-
-/**
- * Returns max bytes needed to decode a base64 string
- */
-constexpr std::size_t
-decodedSize(std::size_t n)
-{
-    return ((n / 4) * 3) + 2;
-}
-
 /**
  * Encode a series of octets as a padded, base64 string.
  *

src/libxrpl/ledger/ApplyStateTable.cpp

@@ -113,6 +113,8 @@ ApplyStateTable::apply(
     TER ter,
     std::optional<STAmount> const& deliver,
     std::optional<uint256 const> const& parentBatchId,
+    std::optional<std::uint32_t> const& gasUsed,
+    std::optional<std::int32_t> const& vmReturnCode,
     bool isDryRun,
     beast::Journal j)
 {
@@ -127,6 +129,8 @@ ApplyStateTable::apply(
 
         meta.setDeliveredAmount(deliver);
         meta.setParentBatchID(parentBatchId);
+        meta.setGasUsed(gasUsed);
+        meta.setVMReturnCode(vmReturnCode);
 
         Mods newMod;
         for (auto& item : items_)

src/libxrpl/ledger/ApplyViewImpl.cpp

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ ApplyViewImpl::apply(
     bool isDryRun,
     beast::Journal j)
 {
-    return items_.apply(to, tx, ter, deliver_, parentBatchId, isDryRun, j);
+    return items_.apply(to, tx, ter, deliver_, parentBatchId, gasUsed_, vmReturnCode_, isDryRun, j);
 }
 
 std::size_t

src/libxrpl/ledger/Ledger.cpp

@@ -198,6 +198,12 @@ Ledger::Ledger(
                 sle->at(sfReserveIncrement) = *f;
             sle->at(sfReferenceFeeUnits) = kFeeUnitsDeprecated;
         }
+        if (std::ranges::find(amendments, featureSmartEscrow) != amendments.end())
+        {
+            sle->at(sfGasLimit) = fees.gasLimit;
+            sle->at(sfBytecodeSizeLimit) = fees.bytecodeSizeLimit;
+            sle->at(sfGasPrice) = fees.gasPrice;
+        }
         rawInsert(sle);
     }
 
@@ -564,6 +570,7 @@ Ledger::setup()
         {
             bool oldFees = false;
             bool newFees = false;
+            bool extensionFees = false;
             {
                 auto const baseFee = sle->at(~sfBaseFee);
                 auto const reserveBase = sle->at(~sfReserveBase);
@@ -580,6 +587,7 @@ Ledger::setup()
                 auto const baseFeeXRP = sle->at(~sfBaseFeeDrops);
                 auto const reserveBaseXRP = sle->at(~sfReserveBaseDrops);
                 auto const reserveIncrementXRP = sle->at(~sfReserveIncrementDrops);
+
                 auto assign = [&ret](XRPAmount& dest, std::optional<STAmount> const& src) {
                     if (src)
                     {
@@ -598,6 +606,22 @@ Ledger::setup()
                 assign(fees_.increment, reserveIncrementXRP);
                 newFees = baseFeeXRP || reserveBaseXRP || reserveIncrementXRP;
             }
+            {
+                auto const gasLimit = sle->at(~sfGasLimit);
+                auto const bytecodeSizeLimit = sle->at(~sfBytecodeSizeLimit);
+                auto const gasPrice = sle->at(~sfGasPrice);
+
+                auto assign = [](std::uint32_t& dest, std::optional<std::uint32_t> const& src) {
+                    if (src)
+                    {
+                        dest = src.value();
+                    }
+                };
+                assign(fees_.gasLimit, gasLimit);
+                assign(fees_.bytecodeSizeLimit, bytecodeSizeLimit);
+                assign(fees_.gasPrice, gasPrice);
+                extensionFees = gasLimit || bytecodeSizeLimit || gasPrice;
+            }
             if (oldFees && newFees)
             {
                 // Should be all of one or the other, but not both
@@ -608,6 +632,12 @@ Ledger::setup()
                 // Can't populate the new fees before the amendment is enabled
                 ret = false;
             }
+            if (!rules_.enabled(featureSmartEscrow) && extensionFees)
+            {
+                // Can't populate the extension fees before the amendment is
+                // enabled
+                ret = false;
+            }
         }
     }
     catch (SHAMapMissingNode const&)

src/libxrpl/ledger/helpers/NFTokenHelpers.cpp

@@ -925,7 +925,7 @@ tokenOfferCreateApply(
         priorBalance < accountReserve(view, acct, j, {.ownerCountDelta = 1}))
         return tecINSUFFICIENT_RESERVE;
 
-    auto const offerID = keylet::nftokenOffer(acctID, seqProxy.value());
+    auto const offerID = keylet::nftokenOffer(acctID, seqProxy);
 
     // Create the offer:
     {

src/libxrpl/nodestore/DatabaseRotatingImp.cpp

@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
 #include <xrpl/basics/base_uint.h>
 #include <xrpl/basics/contract.h>
 #include <xrpl/beast/utility/Journal.h>
-#include <xrpl/beast/utility/instrumentation.h>
 #include <xrpl/config/BasicConfig.h>
 #include <xrpl/nodestore/Backend.h>
 #include <xrpl/nodestore/Database.h>
@@ -15,167 +14,90 @@
 #include <xrpl/nodestore/Types.h>
 
 #include <atomic>
-#include <cstddef>
 #include <cstdint>
 #include <exception>
 #include <functional>
 #include <memory>
 #include <mutex>
-#include <ranges>
 #include <string>
 #include <utility>
-#include <vector>
 
 namespace xrpl::node_store {
 
-namespace {
-
-using Ring = std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Backend>>;
-
-// Names of the ring, ordered oldest -> newest.
-std::vector<std::string>
-ringNames(Ring const& ring)
-{
-    std::vector<std::string> names;
-    names.reserve(ring.size());
-    for (auto const& backend : ring)
-        names.push_back(backend->getName());
-    return names;
-}
-
-}  // namespace
-
 DatabaseRotatingImp::DatabaseRotatingImp(
     Scheduler& scheduler,
     int readThreads,
-    std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Backend>> generations,
+    std::shared_ptr<Backend> writableBackend,
+    std::shared_ptr<Backend> archiveBackend,
     Section const& config,
     beast::Journal j)
     : DatabaseRotating(scheduler, readThreads, config, j)
-    , ring_(std::make_shared<Ring>(std::move(generations)))
+    , writableBackend_(std::move(writableBackend))
+    , archiveBackend_(std::move(archiveBackend))
 {
-    XRPL_ASSERT(
-        !ring_->empty(), "xrpl::node_store::DatabaseRotatingImp : non-empty generation ring");
-    for (auto const& backend : *ring_)
-    {
-        if (backend)
-            fdRequired_ += backend->fdRequired();
-    }
+    if (writableBackend_)
+        fdRequired_ += writableBackend_->fdRequired();
+    if (archiveBackend_)
+        fdRequired_ += archiveBackend_->fdRequired();
 }
 
 void
-DatabaseRotatingImp::advance(std::unique_ptr<Backend>&& newWritable, RingPersist const& persist)
+DatabaseRotatingImp::rotate(
+    std::unique_ptr<node_store::Backend>&& newBackend,
+    std::function<void(std::string const& writableName, std::string const& archiveName)> const& f)
 {
-    // Flush the outgoing writable's buffered writes before it is sealed read-only, so
-    // every node written to it is durable in its own generation and can't later surface
-    // as missing when a cold read falls through to it. Best-effort: a store racing this
-    // sync lands after it either way (stores write outside the lock), and such nodes are
-    // flushed by the backend's own cadence. Runs outside the lock so a slow flush never
-    // stalls concurrent fetches.
-    std::shared_ptr<Backend> outgoing;
-    {
-        std::scoped_lock const lock(mutex_);
-        if (!ring_->empty())
-            outgoing = ring_->back();
-    }
-    if (outgoing)
-        outgoing->sync();
-
-    std::vector<std::string> names;
-    {
-        std::scoped_lock const lock(mutex_);
-        // Copy-on-write: the prior writable stays in the ring as a sealed, read-only
-        // generation; the new backend becomes the writable one at the back.
-        auto next = std::make_shared<Ring>(*ring_);
-        next->push_back(std::shared_ptr<Backend>(std::move(newWritable)));
-        ring_ = std::move(next);
-        names = ringNames(*ring_);
-    }
-    persist(names);
-}
-
-std::size_t
-DatabaseRotatingImp::generationCount() const
-{
-    std::scoped_lock const lock(mutex_);
-    return ring_->size();
-}
-
-std::uint64_t
-DatabaseRotatingImp::copyForwardCount() const
-{
-    return copyForwardCount_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
-}
-
-void
-DatabaseRotatingImp::beginRetire()
-{
-    std::scoped_lock const lock(mutex_);
-    retiring_ = ring_->empty() ? nullptr : ring_->front();
-    copyForwardCount_.store(0, std::memory_order_relaxed);
-}
-
-void
-DatabaseRotatingImp::endRetire()
-{
-    std::scoped_lock const lock(mutex_);
-    retiring_.reset();
-}
-
-void
-DatabaseRotatingImp::retireOldest(RingPersist const& persist)
-{
-    // Keep the dropped generation alive until after persist so its directory is deleted
-    // only once the shortened ring is durably recorded (a crash never leaves a persisted
-    // name without its backend, nor a deleted backend still named in the ring).
-    std::shared_ptr<Backend> dropped;
-    std::vector<std::string> names;
+    // Pass these two names to the callback function
+    std::string const newWritableBackendName = newBackend->getName();
+    std::string newArchiveBackendName;
+    // Hold on to current archive backend pointer until after the
+    // callback finishes. Only then will the archive directory be
+    // deleted.
+    std::shared_ptr<node_store::Backend> oldArchiveBackend;
     std::uint64_t copyForwards = 0;
     {
         std::scoped_lock const lock(mutex_);
-        // Never drop the writable generation.
-        if (ring_->size() <= 1)
-        {
-            retiring_.reset();
-            return;
-        }
-        dropped = ring_->front();
-        // Copy-on-write: publish a new ring with the oldest generation removed.
-        auto next = std::make_shared<Ring>(ring_->begin() + 1, ring_->end());
-        ring_ = std::move(next);
-        names = ringNames(*ring_);
+
+        archiveBackend_->setDeletePath();
+        oldArchiveBackend = std::move(archiveBackend_);
+
+        archiveBackend_ = std::move(writableBackend_);
+        newArchiveBackendName = archiveBackend_->getName();
+
+        writableBackend_ = std::move(newBackend);
+
         copyForwards = copyForwardCount_.exchange(0, std::memory_order_relaxed);
-        // Release the retiring reference to the dropped backend so `dropped` holds the
-        // last one and its directory is removed when this function returns.
-        if (retiring_ == dropped)
-            retiring_.reset();
     }
 
     if (copyForwards > 0)
     {
-        JLOG(j_.warn()) << "online_delete: evacuated " << copyForwards
-                        << " live nodes from the retired generation into the writable backend";
+        JLOG(j_.warn()) << "Rotating: copied forward " << copyForwards
+                        << " archive-served reads into the writable backend "
+                           "during the rotation window";
     }
 
-    persist(names);
-    // Arm deletion only after the shortened ring is durably recorded: if persist throws,
-    // the directory survives for the name the state db still holds.
-    dropped->setDeletePath();
-    // `dropped` is destroyed here: its directory (armed by setDeletePath) is removed.
+    f(newWritableBackendName, newArchiveBackendName);
+}
+
+void
+DatabaseRotatingImp::setRotationInFlight(bool inFlight)
+{
+    rotationInFlight_.store(inFlight, std::memory_order_release);
+    JLOG(j_.debug()) << "Rotating: copy-forward on archive reads "
+                     << (inFlight ? "enabled" : "disabled");
 }
 
 std::string
 DatabaseRotatingImp::getName() const
 {
     std::scoped_lock const lock(mutex_);
-    return ring_->empty() ? std::string() : ring_->back()->getName();
+    return writableBackend_->getName();
 }
 
 std::int32_t
 DatabaseRotatingImp::getWriteLoad() const
 {
     std::scoped_lock const lock(mutex_);
-    return ring_->empty() ? 0 : ring_->back()->getWriteLoad();
+    return writableBackend_->getWriteLoad();
 }
 
 void
@@ -183,22 +105,17 @@ DatabaseRotatingImp::importDatabase(Database& source)
 {
     auto const backend = [&] {
         std::scoped_lock const lock(mutex_);
-        return ring_->empty() ? std::shared_ptr<Backend>() : ring_->back();
+        return writableBackend_;
     }();
-    XRPL_ASSERT(backend, "xrpl::node_store::DatabaseRotatingImp::importDatabase : have writable");
-    if (backend)
-        importInternal(*backend, source);
+
+    importInternal(*backend, source);
 }
 
 void
 DatabaseRotatingImp::sync()
 {
-    auto const backend = [&] {
-        std::scoped_lock const lock(mutex_);
-        return ring_->empty() ? std::shared_ptr<Backend>() : ring_->back();
-    }();
-    if (backend)
-        backend->sync();
+    std::scoped_lock const lock(mutex_);
+    writableBackend_->sync();
 }
 
 void
@@ -208,11 +125,8 @@ DatabaseRotatingImp::store(NodeObjectType type, Blob&& data, uint256 const& hash
 
     auto const backend = [&] {
         std::scoped_lock const lock(mutex_);
-        return ring_->empty() ? std::shared_ptr<Backend>() : ring_->back();
+        return writableBackend_;
     }();
-    XRPL_ASSERT(backend, "xrpl::node_store::DatabaseRotatingImp::store : have writable");
-    if (!backend)
-        return;
 
     backend->store(nObj);
     storeStats(1, nObj->getData().size());
@@ -229,7 +143,7 @@ DatabaseRotatingImp::fetchNodeObject(
     uint256 const& hash,
     std::uint32_t,
     FetchReport& fetchReport,
-    bool)
+    bool duplicate)
 {
     auto fetch = [&](std::shared_ptr<Backend> const& backend) {
         Status status = Status::Ok;
@@ -260,37 +174,41 @@ DatabaseRotatingImp::fetchNodeObject(
         return nodeObject;
     };
 
-    // Take a shared_ptr copy of the immutable ring snapshot (plus the retiring
-    // generation and writable backend) under the lock, then probe lock-free with no
-    // allocation.
-    std::shared_ptr<Ring const> ring;
-    std::shared_ptr<Backend> retiring;
-    std::shared_ptr<Backend> writable;
-    {
-        std::scoped_lock const lock(mutex_);
-        ring = ring_;
-        retiring = retiring_;
-        writable = ring_->empty() ? nullptr : ring_->back();
-    }
-
-    // Probe newest -> oldest; first hit wins.
+    // See if the node object exists in the cache
     std::shared_ptr<NodeObject> nodeObject;
-    for (auto const& backend : std::ranges::reverse_view(*ring))
-    {
-        nodeObject = fetch(backend);
-        if (!nodeObject)
-            continue;
 
-        // Copy forward only when the hit is served by the retiring generation: it is
-        // about to be dropped, so its still-live nodes must be preserved in the writable
-        // backend. Reads served by other sealed generations are deliberately NOT copied,
-        // which is what keeps evacuation O(churn) rather than O(total state).
-        if (retiring && backend == retiring && writable && backend != writable)
+    auto [writable, archive] = [&] {
+        std::scoped_lock const lock(mutex_);
+        return std::make_pair(writableBackend_, archiveBackend_);
+    }();
+
+    // Try to fetch from the writable backend
+    nodeObject = fetch(writable);
+    if (!nodeObject)
+    {
+        // Otherwise try to fetch from the archive backend
+        nodeObject = fetch(archive);
+        if (nodeObject)
         {
-            writable->store(nodeObject);
-            copyForwardCount_.fetch_add(1, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+            {
+                // Refresh the writable backend pointer
+                std::scoped_lock const lock(mutex_);
+                writable = writableBackend_;
+            }
+
+            // Update writable backend with data from the archive backend.
+            // While a rotation is in flight, ordinary (duplicate == false)
+            // reads served by the archive are copied forward too: the
+            // archive is about to be deleted, and a body canonicalized
+            // into the cache after the freshen getKeys() snapshot would
+            // otherwise survive only in RAM once the archive is dropped.
+            if (duplicate || rotationInFlight_.load(std::memory_order_acquire))
+            {
+                if (!duplicate)
+                    copyForwardCount_.fetch_add(1, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+                writable->store(nodeObject);
+            }
         }
-        break;
     }
 
     if (nodeObject)
@@ -302,14 +220,16 @@ DatabaseRotatingImp::fetchNodeObject(
 void
 DatabaseRotatingImp::forEach(std::function<void(std::shared_ptr<NodeObject>)> f)
 {
-    std::shared_ptr<Ring const> ring;
-    {
+    auto [writable, archive] = [&] {
         std::scoped_lock const lock(mutex_);
-        ring = ring_;
-    }
+        return std::make_pair(writableBackend_, archiveBackend_);
+    }();
 
-    for (auto const& backend : *ring)
-        backend->forEach(f);
+    // Iterate the writable backend
+    writable->forEach(f);
+
+    // Iterate the archive backend
+    archive->forEach(f);
 }
 
 }  // namespace xrpl::node_store

src/libxrpl/protocol/BuildInfo.cpp

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ namespace {
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // clang-format off
 // NOLINTNEXTLINE(readability-identifier-naming)
-char const* const versionString = "3.3.0-rc1"
+char const* const versionString = "3.4.0-b0"
     // clang-format on
     ;
 

src/libxrpl/protocol/Indexes.cpp

@@ -180,26 +180,13 @@ getQuality(uint256 const& uBase)
     return boost::endian::load_big_u64(uBase.end() - 8);
 }
 
-uint256
-getTicketIndex(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t ticketSeq)
-{
-    return indexHash(LedgerNameSpace::Ticket, account, ticketSeq);
-}
-
-uint256
-getTicketIndex(AccountID const& account, SeqProxy ticketSeq)
-{
-    XRPL_ASSERT(ticketSeq.isTicket(), "xrpl::getTicketIndex : valid input");
-    return getTicketIndex(account, ticketSeq.value());
-}
-
 MPTID
-makeMptID(std::uint32_t sequence, AccountID const& account)
+makeMptID(std::uint32_t const sequence, AccountID const& account)
 {
     MPTID u;
-    sequence = boost::endian::native_to_big(sequence);
-    memcpy(u.data(), &sequence, sizeof(sequence));
-    memcpy(u.data() + sizeof(sequence), account.data(), sizeof(account));
+    auto const bigEndianSequence = boost::endian::native_to_big(sequence);
+    memcpy(u.data(), &bigEndianSequence, sizeof(bigEndianSequence));
+    memcpy(u.data() + sizeof(bigEndianSequence), account.data(), sizeof(account));
     return u;
 }
 
@@ -286,13 +273,13 @@ trustLine(AccountID const& id0, AccountID const& id1, Currency const& currency)
 }
 
 Keylet
-offer(AccountID const& id, std::uint32_t seq) noexcept
+offer(AccountID const& id, SeqProxy const& seq) noexcept
 {
-    return {ltOFFER, indexHash(LedgerNameSpace::Offer, id, seq)};
+    return {ltOFFER, indexHash(LedgerNameSpace::Offer, id, seq.value())};
 }
 
 Keylet
-quality(Keylet const& k, std::uint64_t q) noexcept
+quality(Keylet const& k, std::uint64_t const q) noexcept
 {
     XRPL_ASSERT(k.type == ltDIR_NODE, "xrpl::keylet::quality : valid input type");
 
@@ -320,22 +307,17 @@ next(Keylet const& k)
 }
 
 Keylet
-ticket(AccountID const& id, std::uint32_t ticketSeq)
+ticket(AccountID const& id, SeqProxy const& seq)
 {
-    return {ltTICKET, getTicketIndex(id, ticketSeq)};
-}
-
-Keylet
-ticket(AccountID const& id, SeqProxy ticketSeq)
-{
-    return {ltTICKET, getTicketIndex(id, ticketSeq)};
+    XRPL_ASSERT(seq.isTicket(), "xrpl::keylet::ticket : valid input");
+    return {ltTICKET, indexHash(LedgerNameSpace::Ticket, id, seq.value())};
 }
 
 // This function is presently static, since it's never accessed from anywhere
 // else. If we ever support multiple pages of signer lists, this would be the
 // keylet used to locate them.
 static Keylet
-signerList(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t page) noexcept
+signerList(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t const page) noexcept
 {
     return {ltSIGNER_LIST, indexHash(LedgerNameSpace::SignerList, account, page)};
 }
@@ -353,9 +335,9 @@ sponsorship(AccountID const& sponsor, AccountID const& sponsee) noexcept
 }
 
 Keylet
-check(AccountID const& id, std::uint32_t seq) noexcept
+check(AccountID const& id, SeqProxy const& seq) noexcept
 {
-    return {ltCHECK, indexHash(LedgerNameSpace::Check, id, seq)};
+    return {ltCHECK, indexHash(LedgerNameSpace::Check, id, seq.value())};
 }
 
 Keylet
@@ -394,7 +376,7 @@ ownerDir(AccountID const& id) noexcept
 }
 
 Keylet
-page(uint256 const& key, std::uint64_t index) noexcept
+page(uint256 const& key, std::uint64_t const index) noexcept
 {
     if (index == 0)
         return {ltDIR_NODE, key};
@@ -403,15 +385,15 @@ page(uint256 const& key, std::uint64_t index) noexcept
 }
 
 Keylet
-escrow(AccountID const& src, std::uint32_t seq) noexcept
+escrow(AccountID const& src, SeqProxy const& seq) noexcept
 {
-    return {ltESCROW, indexHash(LedgerNameSpace::Escrow, src, seq)};
+    return {ltESCROW, indexHash(LedgerNameSpace::Escrow, src, seq.value())};
 }
 
 Keylet
-payChannel(AccountID const& src, AccountID const& dst, std::uint32_t seq) noexcept
+payChannel(AccountID const& src, AccountID const& dst, SeqProxy const& seq) noexcept
 {
-    return {ltPAYCHAN, indexHash(LedgerNameSpace::XRPPaymentChannel, src, dst, seq)};
+    return {ltPAYCHAN, indexHash(LedgerNameSpace::XRPPaymentChannel, src, dst, seq.value())};
 }
 
 Keylet
@@ -438,9 +420,9 @@ nftokenPage(Keylet const& k, uint256 const& token)
 }
 
 Keylet
-nftokenOffer(AccountID const& owner, std::uint32_t seq)
+nftokenOffer(AccountID const& owner, SeqProxy const& seq)
 {
-    return {ltNFTOKEN_OFFER, indexHash(LedgerNameSpace::NftokenOffer, owner, seq)};
+    return {ltNFTOKEN_OFFER, indexHash(LedgerNameSpace::NftokenOffer, owner, seq.value())};
 }
 
 Keylet
@@ -512,7 +494,7 @@ bridge(STXChainBridge const& bridge, STXChainBridge::ChainType chainType)
 }
 
 Keylet
-xChainClaimID(STXChainBridge const& bridge, std::uint64_t seq)
+xChainClaimID(STXChainBridge const& bridge, std::uint64_t const seq)
 {
     return {
         ltXCHAIN_OWNED_CLAIM_ID,
@@ -526,7 +508,7 @@ xChainClaimID(STXChainBridge const& bridge, std::uint64_t seq)
 }
 
 Keylet
-xChainCreateAccountClaimID(STXChainBridge const& bridge, std::uint64_t seq)
+xChainCreateAccountClaimID(STXChainBridge const& bridge, std::uint64_t const seq)
 {
     return {
         ltXCHAIN_OWNED_CREATE_ACCOUNT_CLAIM_ID,
@@ -546,17 +528,11 @@ did(AccountID const& account) noexcept
 }
 
 Keylet
-oracle(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t const& documentID) noexcept
+oracle(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t const documentID) noexcept
 {
     return {ltORACLE, indexHash(LedgerNameSpace::Oracle, account, documentID)};
 }
 
-Keylet
-mptokenIssuance(std::uint32_t seq, AccountID const& issuer) noexcept
-{
-    return mptokenIssuance(makeMptID(seq, issuer));
-}
-
 Keylet
 mptokenIssuance(MPTID const& issuanceID) noexcept
 {
@@ -582,27 +558,29 @@ credential(AccountID const& subject, AccountID const& issuer, Slice const& credT
 }
 
 Keylet
-vault(AccountID const& owner, std::uint32_t seq) noexcept
+vault(AccountID const& owner, SeqProxy const& seq) noexcept
 {
-    return vault(indexHash(LedgerNameSpace::Vault, owner, seq));
+    return vault(indexHash(LedgerNameSpace::Vault, owner, seq.value()));
 }
 
 Keylet
-loanBroker(AccountID const& owner, std::uint32_t seq) noexcept
+loanBroker(AccountID const& owner, SeqProxy const& seq) noexcept
 {
-    return loanBroker(indexHash(LedgerNameSpace::LoanBroker, owner, seq));
+    return loanBroker(indexHash(LedgerNameSpace::LoanBroker, owner, seq.value()));
 }
 
 Keylet
-loan(uint256 const& loanBrokerID, std::uint32_t loanSeq) noexcept
+loan(uint256 const& loanBrokerID, SeqProxy const& loanSeq) noexcept
 {
-    return loan(indexHash(LedgerNameSpace::Loan, loanBrokerID, loanSeq));
+    return loan(indexHash(LedgerNameSpace::Loan, loanBrokerID, loanSeq.value()));
 }
 
 Keylet
-permissionedDomain(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t seq) noexcept
+permissionedDomain(AccountID const& account, SeqProxy const& seq) noexcept
 {
-    return {ltPERMISSIONED_DOMAIN, indexHash(LedgerNameSpace::PermissionedDomain, account, seq)};
+    return {
+        ltPERMISSIONED_DOMAIN,
+        indexHash(LedgerNameSpace::PermissionedDomain, account, seq.value())};
 }
 
 Keylet

src/libxrpl/protocol/STObject.cpp

@@ -56,10 +56,15 @@ STObject::STObject(SOTemplate const& type, SField const& name) : STBase(name)
     set(type);
 }
 
-STObject::STObject(SOTemplate const& type, SerialIter& sit, SField const& name) : STBase(name)
+STObject::STObject(
+    SOTemplate const& type,
+    SerialIter& sit,
+    SField const& name,
+    bool requireCanonicalOrder)
+    : STBase(name)
 {
     v_.reserve(type.size());
-    set(sit);
+    set(sit, 0, requireCanonicalOrder);
     applyTemplate(type);  // May throw
 }
 
@@ -208,12 +213,13 @@ STObject::applyTemplateFromSField(SField const& sField)
 
 // return true = terminated with end-of-object
 bool
-STObject::set(SerialIter& sit, int depth)
+STObject::set(SerialIter& sit, int depth, bool requireCanonicalOrder)
 {
     bool reachedEndOfObject = false;
 
     v_.clear();
 
+    std::optional<int> prevFieldCode;
     // Consume data in the pipe until we run out or reach the end
     while (!sit.empty())
     {
@@ -238,7 +244,6 @@ STObject::set(SerialIter& sit, int depth)
         }
 
         auto const& fn = SField::getField(type, field);
-
         if (fn.isInvalid())
         {
             JLOG(debugLog().error())
@@ -246,6 +251,13 @@ STObject::set(SerialIter& sit, int depth)
             Throw<std::runtime_error>("Unknown field");
         }
 
+        if (requireCanonicalOrder && prevFieldCode.has_value() && fn.fieldCodeMem <= *prevFieldCode)
+        {
+            JLOG(debugLog().error()) << "Fields in object are not in canonical order";
+            Throw<std::runtime_error>("Fields in object are not in canonical order");
+        }
+        prevFieldCode = fn.fieldCodeMem;
+
         // Unflatten the field
         v_.emplace_back(sit, fn, depth + 1);
 

src/libxrpl/protocol/STPathSet.cpp

@@ -51,6 +51,12 @@ STPathElement::getHash(STPathElement const& element)
     return (hashAccount ^ hashCurrency ^ hashIssuer);
 }
 
+[[nodiscard]] size_t
+STPathElement::getHash() const
+{
+    return STPathElement::getHash(*this);
+}
+
 STPathSet::STPathSet(SerialIter& sit, SField const& name) : STBase(name)
 {
     std::vector<STPathElement> path;
@@ -126,21 +132,15 @@ STPathSet::move(std::size_t n, void* buf)
 bool
 STPathSet::assembleAdd(STPath const& base, STPathElement const& tail)
 {  // assemble base+tail and add it to the set if it's not a duplicate
-    value_.push_back(base);
+    STPath combined = base;
+    combined.pushBack(tail);
 
-    auto it = value_.rbegin();
-
-    STPath& newPath = *it;
-    newPath.pushBack(tail);
-
-    while (++it != value_.rend())
+    if (!seenHashes_.insert(combined).second)
     {
-        if (*it == newPath)
-        {
-            value_.pop_back();
-            return false;
-        }
+        return false;
     }
+
+    value_.push_back(std::move(combined));
     return true;
 }
 

src/libxrpl/protocol/STTx.cpp

@@ -200,22 +200,16 @@ STTx::getSeqProxy() const
 {
     std::uint32_t const seq{getFieldU32(sfSequence)};
     if (seq != 0)
-        return SeqProxy::sequence(seq);
+        return SeqProxy::rawSequence(seq);
 
-    std::optional<std::uint32_t> const ticketSeq{operator[](~sfTicketSequence)};
+    std::optional<std::uint32_t> const ticketSeq{at(~sfTicketSequence)};
     if (!ticketSeq)
     {
         // No TicketSequence specified.  Return the Sequence, whatever it is.
-        return SeqProxy::sequence(seq);
+        return SeqProxy::rawSequence(seq);
     }
 
-    return SeqProxy{SeqProxy::Type::Ticket, *ticketSeq};
-}
-
-std::uint32_t
-STTx::getSeqValue() const
-{
-    return getSeqProxy().value();
+    return SeqProxy::rawTicket(*ticketSeq);
 }
 
 void
@@ -459,7 +453,7 @@ STTx::checkBatchSingleSign(STObject const& batchSigner, std::vector<uint256> con
 {
     XRPL_ASSERT(getTxnType() == ttBATCH, "STTx::checkBatchSingleSign : batch transaction");
     Serializer msg;
-    serializeBatch(msg, getAccountID(sfAccount), getSeqValue(), getFlags(), txIds);
+    serializeBatch(msg, getAccountID(sfAccount), getSeqProxy().value(), getFlags(), txIds);
     finishMultiSigningData(batchSigner.getAccountID(sfAccount), msg);
     return singleSignHelper(batchSigner, msg.slice());
 }
@@ -553,7 +547,7 @@ STTx::checkBatchMultiSign(
     // with the stuff that stays constant from signature to signature.
     auto const batchSignerAccount = batchSigner.getAccountID(sfAccount);
     Serializer dataStart;
-    serializeBatch(dataStart, getAccountID(sfAccount), getSeqValue(), getFlags(), txIds);
+    serializeBatch(dataStart, getAccountID(sfAccount), getSeqProxy().value(), getFlags(), txIds);
     dataStart.addBitString(batchSignerAccount);
     return multiSignHelper(
         batchSigner,
@@ -812,16 +806,19 @@ invalidMPTAmountInTx(STObject const& tx)
 static bool
 isBatchRawTransactionOkay(STTx const& tx, std::string& reason)
 {
-    if (!tx.isFieldPresent(sfRawTransactions))
+    XRPL_ASSERT(
+        tx.getTxnType() == ttBATCH || !tx.isFieldPresent(sfRawTransactions),
+        "xrpl::isBatchRawTransactionOkay : raw transactions only on batch");
+
+    if (tx.getTxnType() != ttBATCH)
         return true;
 
-    // sfRawTransactions only appears on a Batch. passesLocalChecks runs on
-    // unverified user and peer input, so reject (rather than assert) a non-batch
-    // transaction that carries it.
-    if (tx.getTxnType() != ttBATCH)
+    if (!tx.isFieldPresent(sfRawTransactions))
     {
-        reason = "Only Batch transactions may contain raw transactions.";
+        // LCOV_EXCL_START
+        reason = "Batch transactions must contain raw transactions.";
         return false;
+        // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
     }
 
     if (tx.isFieldPresent(sfBatchSigners) &&

src/libxrpl/protocol/STValidation.cpp

@@ -59,6 +59,10 @@ STValidation::validationFormat()
         {sfBaseFeeDrops,          SoeOptional},
         {sfReserveBaseDrops,      SoeOptional},
         {sfReserveIncrementDrops, SoeOptional},
+        // featureSmartEscrow
+        {sfGasLimit,               SoeOptional},
+        {sfBytecodeSizeLimit,      SoeOptional},
+        {sfGasPrice,               SoeOptional},
     };
     // clang-format on
 

src/libxrpl/protocol/TER.cpp

@@ -108,6 +108,8 @@ transResults()
         MAKE_ERROR(tecPRECISION_LOSS,                "The amounts used by the transaction cannot interact."),
         MAKE_ERROR(tecBAD_PROOF,                     "Proof cannot be verified"),
         MAKE_ERROR(tecNO_SPONSOR_PERMISSION,         "Sponsor has not authorized this transaction."),
+        MAKE_ERROR(tecOUT_OF_GAS,                    "The WASM code ran out of gas during execution."),
+        MAKE_ERROR(tecBYTECODE_REJECTED,             "The custom WASM code that was run rejected your transaction."),
 
         MAKE_ERROR(tefALREADY,                     "The exact transaction was already in this ledger."),
         MAKE_ERROR(tefBAD_ADD_AUTH,                "Not authorized to add account."),
@@ -133,6 +135,8 @@ transResults()
         MAKE_ERROR(tefINVALID_LEDGER_FIX_TYPE,     "The LedgerFixType field has an invalid value."),
         MAKE_ERROR(tefNO_DST_PARTIAL,              "Partial payment to create account not allowed."),
         MAKE_ERROR(tefBAD_PATH_COUNT,              "Malformed: Too many paths."),
+        MAKE_ERROR(tefNO_BYTECODE,                 "There is no WASM code to run, but a WASM-specific field was included."),
+        MAKE_ERROR(tefBYTECODE_NOT_INCLUDED,       "WASM code requires a field to be included that was not included."),
 
         MAKE_ERROR(telLOCAL_ERROR,            "Local failure."),
         MAKE_ERROR(telBAD_DOMAIN,             "Domain too long."),
@@ -204,6 +208,9 @@ transResults()
         MAKE_ERROR(temBAD_TRANSFER_FEE,          "Malformed: Transfer fee is outside valid range."),
         MAKE_ERROR(temINVALID_INNER_BATCH,       "Malformed: Invalid inner batch transaction."),
         MAKE_ERROR(temBAD_CIPHERTEXT,            "Malformed: Invalid ciphertext."),
+        MAKE_ERROR(temBAD_WASM,                  "Malformed: Provided WASM code is invalid."),
+        MAKE_ERROR(temINVALID_BYTECODE,          "Malformed: Provided WASM code is invalid."),
+        MAKE_ERROR(temTEMP_DISABLED,             "The transaction requires logic that is currently temporarily disabled."),
 
         MAKE_ERROR(terRETRY,                  "Retry transaction."),
         MAKE_ERROR(terFUNDS_SPENT,            "DEPRECATED."),

src/libxrpl/protocol/TxMeta.cpp

@@ -194,6 +194,12 @@ TxMeta::getAsObject() const
     if (parentBatchID_.has_value())
         metaData.setFieldH256(sfParentBatchID, *parentBatchID_);
 
+    if (gasUsed_.has_value())
+        metaData.setFieldU32(sfGasUsed, *gasUsed_);
+
+    if (vmReturnCode_.has_value())
+        metaData.setFieldI32(sfVMReturnCode, *vmReturnCode_);
+
     return metaData;
 }