test: Calling wrap functions from c++ side (#6699)

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -93,6 +93,7 @@ find_package(OpenSSL REQUIRED)
 find_package(secp256k1 REQUIRED)
 find_package(SOCI REQUIRED)
 find_package(SQLite3 REQUIRED)
+find_package(wasmi REQUIRED)
 find_package(xxHash REQUIRED)
 
 target_link_libraries(

cmake/XrplCore.cmake

@@ -67,6 +67,7 @@ target_link_libraries(
         Xrpl::opts
         Xrpl::syslibs
         secp256k1::secp256k1
+        wasmi::wasmi
         xrpl.libpb
         xxHash::xxhash
         $<$<BOOL:${voidstar}>:antithesis-sdk-cpp>

conan.lock

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
     "requires": [
         "zlib/1.3.1#cac0f6daea041b0ccf42934163defb20%1774439233.809",
         "xxhash/0.8.3#681d36a0a6111fc56e5e45ea182c19cc%1765850149.987",
+        "wasmi/1.0.9#1fecdab9b90c96698eb35ea99ca4f5cb%1772227278.324",
         "sqlite3/3.51.0#66aa11eabd0e34954c5c1c061ad44abe%1774467355.988",
         "soci/4.0.3#fe32b9ad5eb47e79ab9e45a68f363945%1774450067.231",
         "snappy/1.1.10#968fef506ff261592ec30c574d4a7809%1765850147.878",
@@ -11,7 +12,7 @@
         "re2/20251105#8579cfd0bda4daf0683f9e3898f964b4%1774398111.888",
         "protobuf/6.33.5#d96d52ba5baaaa532f47bda866ad87a5%1774467363.12",
         "openssl/3.6.1#e6399de266349245a4542fc5f6c71552%1774458290.139",
-        "nudb/2.0.9#11149c73f8f2baff9a0198fe25971fc7%1774883011.384",
+        "nudb/2.0.9#11149c73f8f2baff9a0198fe25971fc7%1775040983.408",
         "lz4/1.10.0#59fc63cac7f10fbe8e05c7e62c2f3504%1765850143.914",
         "libiconv/1.17#1e65319e945f2d31941a9d28cc13c058%1765842973.492",
         "libbacktrace/cci.20210118#a7691bfccd8caaf66309df196790a5a1%1765842973.03",

conanfile.py

@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ class Xrpl(ConanFile):
         "openssl/3.6.1",
         "secp256k1/0.7.1",
         "soci/4.0.3",
+        "wasmi/1.0.9",
         "zlib/1.3.1",
     ]
 
@@ -220,6 +221,7 @@ class Xrpl(ConanFile):
             "soci::soci",
             "secp256k1::secp256k1",
             "sqlite3::sqlite",
+            "wasmi::wasmi",
             "xxhash::xxhash",
             "zlib::zlib",
         ]

cspell.config.yaml

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ ignorePaths:
   - cmake/**
   - LICENSE.md
   - .clang-tidy
+  - src/test/app/wasm_fixtures/**/*.wat
+  - src/test/app/wasm_fixtures/*.c
 language: en
 allowCompoundWords: true # TODO (#6334)
 ignoreRandomStrings: true
@@ -44,6 +46,10 @@ suggestWords:
 words:
   - abempty
   - AMMID
+  - AMMMPT
+  - AMMMPToken
+  - AMMMPTokens
+  - AMMXRP
   - amt
   - amts
   - asnode
@@ -60,6 +66,7 @@ words:
   - Britto
   - Btrfs
   - canonicality
+  - cdylib
   - changespq
   - checkme
   - choco
@@ -96,6 +103,7 @@ words:
   - distro
   - doxyfile
   - dxrpl
+  - enabled
   - endmacro
   - exceptioned
   - Falco
@@ -148,6 +156,8 @@ words:
   - ltype
   - mcmodel
   - MEMORYSTATUSEX
+  - MPTAMM
+  - MPTDEX
   - Merkle
   - Metafuncton
   - misprediction
@@ -157,6 +167,7 @@ words:
   - mptid
   - mptissuance
   - mptissuanceid
+  - mptissue
   - mptoken
   - mptokenid
   - mptokenissuance
@@ -246,6 +257,7 @@ words:
   - STATSDCOLLECTOR
   - stissue
   - stnum
+  - stnumber
   - stobj
   - stobject
   - stpath

include/xrpl/basics/Number.h

@@ -381,6 +381,9 @@ public:
     friend Number
     root2(Number f);
 
+    friend Number
+    log10(Number const&, int);
+
     // Thread local rounding control.  Default is to_nearest
     enum rounding_mode { to_nearest, towards_zero, downward, upward };
     static rounding_mode
@@ -729,6 +732,10 @@ abs(Number x) noexcept
 Number
 power(Number const& f, unsigned n);
 
+// logarithm with base 10
+Number
+log10(Number const& value, int iterations = 50);
+
 // Returns f^(1/d)
 // Uses Newton–Raphson iterations until the result stops changing
 // to find the root of the polynomial g(x) = x^d - f

include/xrpl/ledger/ApplyView.h

@@ -213,11 +213,60 @@ public:
     // Called when a credit is made to an account
     // This is required to support PaymentSandbox
     virtual void
-    creditHook(
+    creditHookIOU(
         AccountID const& from,
         AccountID const& to,
         STAmount const& amount,
         STAmount const& preCreditBalance)
+    {
+        XRPL_ASSERT(amount.holds<Issue>(), "creditHookIOU: amount is for Issue");
+    }
+
+    virtual void
+    creditHookMPT(
+        AccountID const& from,
+        AccountID const& to,
+        STAmount const& amount,
+        std::uint64_t preCreditBalanceHolder,
+        std::int64_t preCreditBalanceIssuer)
+    {
+        XRPL_ASSERT(amount.holds<MPTIssue>(), "creditHookMPT: amount is for MPTIssue");
+    }
+
+    /** Facilitate tracking of MPT sold by an issuer owning MPT sell offer.
+     * Unlike IOU, MPT doesn't have bi-directional relationship with an issuer,
+     * where a trustline limits an amount that can be issued to a holder.
+     * Consequently, the credit step (last MPTEndpointStep or
+     * BookStep buying MPT) might temporarily overflow OutstandingAmount.
+     * Limiting of a step's output amount in this case is delegated to
+     * the next step (in rev order). The next step always redeems when a holder
+     * account sells MPT (first MPTEndpointStep or BookStep selling MPT).
+     * In this case the holder account is only limited by the step's output
+     * and it's available funds since it's transferring the funds from one
+     * account to another account and doesn't change OutstandingAmount.
+     * This doesn't apply to an offer owned by an issuer.
+     * In this case the issuer sells or self debits and is increasing
+     * OutstandingAmount. Ability to issue is limited by the issuer
+     * originally available funds less already self sold MPT amounts (MPT sell
+     * offer).
+     * Consider an example:
+     * - GW creates MPT(USD) with 1,000USD MaximumAmount.
+     * - GW pays 950USD to A1.
+     * - A1 creates an offer 100XRP(buy)/100USD(sell).
+     * - GW creates an offer 100XRP(buy)/100USD(sell).
+     * - A2 pays 200USD to A3 with sendMax of 200XRP.
+     * Since the payment engine executes payments in reverse,
+     * OutstandingAmount overflows in MPTEndpointStep: 950 + 200 = 1,150USD.
+     * BookStep first consumes A1 offer. This reduces OutstandingAmount
+     * by 100USD: 1,150 - 100 = 1,050USD. GW offer can only be partially
+     * consumed because the initial available amount is 50USD = 1,000 - 950.
+     * BookStep limits it's output to 150USD. This in turn limits A3's send
+     * amount to 150XRP: A1 buys 100XRP and sells 100USD to A3. This doesn't
+     * change OutstandingAmount. GW buys 50XRP and sells 50USD to A3. This
+     * changes OutstandingAmount to 1,000USD.
+     */
+    virtual void
+    issuerSelfDebitHookMPT(MPTIssue const& issue, std::uint64_t amount, std::int64_t origBalance)
     {
     }
 

include/xrpl/ledger/OrderBookDB.h

@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@
 #include <xrpl/ledger/AcceptedLedgerTx.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/BookListeners.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/ReadView.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/Asset.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Book.h>
-#include <xrpl/protocol/Issue.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/MultiApiJson.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/UintTypes.h>
 
@@ -53,30 +53,30 @@ public:
         issue. This is useful for pathfinding to find all possible next hops
         from a given currency.
 
-        @param issue The issue to search for
+        @param asset The asset to search for
         @param domain Optional domain restriction for the order book
         @return Vector of books that want this issue
     */
     virtual std::vector<Book>
-    getBooksByTakerPays(Issue const& issue, std::optional<Domain> const& domain = std::nullopt) = 0;
+    getBooksByTakerPays(Asset const& asset, std::optional<Domain> const& domain = std::nullopt) = 0;
 
     /** Get the count of order books that want a specific issue.
 
-        @param issue The issue to search for
+        @param asset The asset to search for
         @param domain Optional domain restriction for the order book
         @return Number of books that want this issue
     */
     virtual int
-    getBookSize(Issue const& issue, std::optional<Domain> const& domain = std::nullopt) = 0;
+    getBookSize(Asset const& asset, std::optional<Domain> const& domain = std::nullopt) = 0;
 
     /** Check if an order book to XRP exists for the given issue.
 
-        @param issue The issue to check
+        @param asset The asset to check
         @param domain Optional domain restriction for the order book
         @return true if a book from this issue to XRP exists
     */
     virtual bool
-    isBookToXRP(Issue const& issue, std::optional<Domain> const& domain = std::nullopt) = 0;
+    isBookToXRP(Asset const& asset, std::optional<Domain> const& domain = std::nullopt) = 0;
 
     /**
      * Process a transaction for order book tracking.

include/xrpl/ledger/PaymentSandbox.h

@@ -15,10 +15,55 @@ namespace detail {
 //        into the PaymentSandbox class itself
 class DeferredCredits
 {
-public:
-    struct Adjustment
+private:
+    using KeyIOU = std::tuple<AccountID, AccountID, Currency>;
+    struct ValueIOU
     {
-        Adjustment(STAmount const& d, STAmount const& c, STAmount const& b)
+        explicit ValueIOU() = default;
+
+        STAmount lowAcctCredits;
+        STAmount highAcctCredits;
+        STAmount lowAcctOrigBalance;
+    };
+
+    struct HolderValueMPT
+    {
+        HolderValueMPT() = default;
+        // Debit to issuer
+        std::uint64_t debit = 0;
+        std::uint64_t origBalance = 0;
+    };
+
+    struct IssuerValueMPT
+    {
+        IssuerValueMPT() = default;
+        std::map<AccountID, HolderValueMPT> holders;
+        // Credit to holder
+        std::uint64_t credit = 0;
+        // OutstandingAmount might overflow when MPTs are credited to a holder.
+        // Consider A1 paying 100MPT to A2 and A1 already having maximum MPTs.
+        // Since the payment engine executes a payment in revers, A2 is
+        // credited first and OutstandingAmount is going to be equal
+        // to MaximumAmount + 100MPT. In the next step A1 redeems 100MPT
+        // to the issuer and OutstandingAmount balances out.
+        std::int64_t origBalance = 0;
+        // Self debit on offer selling MPT. Since the payment engine executes
+        // a payment in reverse, a crediting/buying step may overflow
+        // OutstandingAmount. A sell MPT offer owned by a holder can redeem any
+        // amount up to the offer's amount and holder's available funds,
+        // balancing out OutstandingAmount. But if the offer's owner is issuer
+        // then it issues more MPT. In this case the available amount to issue
+        // is the initial issuer's available amount less all offer sell amounts
+        // by the issuer. This is self-debit, where the offer's owner,
+        // issuer in this case, debits to self.
+        std::uint64_t selfDebit = 0;
+    };
+    using AdjustmentMPT = IssuerValueMPT;
+
+public:
+    struct AdjustmentIOU
+    {
+        AdjustmentIOU(STAmount const& d, STAmount const& c, STAmount const& b)
             : debits(d), credits(c), origBalance(b)
         {
         }
@@ -29,16 +74,30 @@ public:
 
     // Get the adjustments for the balance between main and other.
     // Returns the debits, credits and the original balance
-    std::optional<Adjustment>
-    adjustments(AccountID const& main, AccountID const& other, Currency const& currency) const;
+    std::optional<AdjustmentIOU>
+    adjustmentsIOU(AccountID const& main, AccountID const& other, Currency const& currency) const;
+
+    std::optional<AdjustmentMPT>
+    adjustmentsMPT(MPTID const& mptID) const;
 
     void
-    credit(
+    creditIOU(
         AccountID const& sender,
         AccountID const& receiver,
         STAmount const& amount,
         STAmount const& preCreditSenderBalance);
 
+    void
+    creditMPT(
+        AccountID const& sender,
+        AccountID const& receiver,
+        STAmount const& amount,
+        std::uint64_t preCreditBalanceHolder,
+        std::int64_t preCreditBalanceIssuer);
+
+    void
+    issuerSelfDebitMPT(MPTIssue const& issue, std::uint64_t amount, std::int64_t origBalance);
+
     void
     ownerCount(AccountID const& id, std::uint32_t cur, std::uint32_t next);
 
@@ -52,21 +111,11 @@ public:
     apply(DeferredCredits& to);
 
 private:
-    // lowAccount, highAccount
-    using Key = std::tuple<AccountID, AccountID, Currency>;
-    struct Value
-    {
-        explicit Value() = default;
+    static KeyIOU
+    makeKeyIOU(AccountID const& a1, AccountID const& a2, Currency const& currency);
 
-        STAmount lowAcctCredits;
-        STAmount highAcctCredits;
-        STAmount lowAcctOrigBalance;
-    };
-
-    static Key
-    makeKey(AccountID const& a1, AccountID const& a2, Currency const& c);
-
-    std::map<Key, Value> credits_;
+    std::map<KeyIOU, ValueIOU> creditsIOU_;
+    std::map<MPTID, IssuerValueMPT> creditsMPT_;
     std::map<AccountID, std::uint32_t> ownerCounts_;
 };
 
@@ -131,16 +180,35 @@ public:
     /** @} */
 
     STAmount
-    balanceHook(AccountID const& account, AccountID const& issuer, STAmount const& amount)
+    balanceHookIOU(AccountID const& account, AccountID const& issuer, STAmount const& amount)
         const override;
 
+    STAmount
+    balanceHookMPT(AccountID const& account, MPTIssue const& issue, std::int64_t amount)
+        const override;
+
+    STAmount
+    balanceHookSelfIssueMPT(MPTIssue const& issue, std::int64_t amount) const override;
+
     void
-    creditHook(
+    creditHookIOU(
         AccountID const& from,
         AccountID const& to,
         STAmount const& amount,
         STAmount const& preCreditBalance) override;
 
+    void
+    creditHookMPT(
+        AccountID const& from,
+        AccountID const& to,
+        STAmount const& amount,
+        std::uint64_t preCreditBalanceHolder,
+        std::int64_t preCreditBalanceIssuer) override;
+
+    void
+    issuerSelfDebitHookMPT(MPTIssue const& issue, std::uint64_t amount, std::int64_t origBalance)
+        override;
+
     void
     adjustOwnerCountHook(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t cur, std::uint32_t next) override;
 

include/xrpl/ledger/ReadView.h

@@ -148,15 +148,35 @@ public:
 
     // Accounts in a payment are not allowed to use assets acquired during that
     // payment. The PaymentSandbox tracks the debits, credits, and owner count
-    // changes that accounts make during a payment. `balanceHook` adjusts
+    // changes that accounts make during a payment. `balanceHookIOU` adjusts
     // balances so newly acquired assets are not counted toward the balance.
     // This is required to support PaymentSandbox.
     virtual STAmount
-    balanceHook(AccountID const& account, AccountID const& issuer, STAmount const& amount) const
+    balanceHookIOU(AccountID const& account, AccountID const& issuer, STAmount const& amount) const
     {
+        XRPL_ASSERT(amount.holds<Issue>(), "balanceHookIOU: amount is for Issue");
+
         return amount;
     }
 
+    // balanceHookMPT adjusts balances so newly acquired assets are not counted
+    // toward the balance.
+    virtual STAmount
+    balanceHookMPT(AccountID const& account, MPTIssue const& issue, std::int64_t amount) const
+    {
+        return STAmount{issue, amount};
+    }
+
+    // An offer owned by an issuer and selling MPT is limited by the issuer's
+    // funds available to issue, which are originally available funds less
+    // already self sold MPT amounts (MPT sell offer). This hook is used
+    // by issuerFundsToSelfIssue() function.
+    virtual STAmount
+    balanceHookSelfIssueMPT(MPTIssue const& issue, std::int64_t amount) const
+    {
+        return STAmount{issue, amount};
+    }
+
     // Accounts in a payment are not allowed to use assets acquired during that
     // payment. The PaymentSandbox tracks the debits, credits, and owner count
     // changes that accounts make during a payment. `ownerCountHook` adjusts the

include/xrpl/ledger/View.h

@@ -63,8 +63,8 @@ isVaultPseudoAccountFrozen(
 isLPTokenFrozen(
     ReadView const& view,
     AccountID const& account,
-    Issue const& asset,
-    Issue const& asset2);
+    Asset const& asset,
+    Asset const& asset2);
 
 // Return the list of enabled amendments
 [[nodiscard]] std::set<uint256>

include/xrpl/ledger/helpers/AMMHelpers.h

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ enum class IsDeposit : bool { No = false, Yes = true };
  * @return LP Tokens as IOU
  */
 STAmount
-ammLPTokens(STAmount const& asset1, STAmount const& asset2, Issue const& lptIssue);
+ammLPTokens(STAmount const& asset1, STAmount const& asset2, Asset const& lptIssue);
 
 /** Calculate LP Tokens given asset's deposit amount.
  * @param asset1Balance current AMM asset1 balance
@@ -124,7 +124,8 @@ withinRelativeDistance(Quality const& calcQuality, Quality const& reqQuality, Nu
 template <typename Amt>
     requires(
         std::is_same_v<Amt, STAmount> || std::is_same_v<Amt, IOUAmount> ||
-        std::is_same_v<Amt, XRPAmount> || std::is_same_v<Amt, Number>)
+        std::is_same_v<Amt, XRPAmount> || std::is_same_v<Amt, MPTAmount> ||
+        std::is_same_v<Amt, Number>)
 bool
 withinRelativeDistance(Amt const& calc, Amt const& req, Number const& dist)
 {
@@ -195,7 +196,7 @@ getAMMOfferStartWithTakerGets(
         // Round downward to minimize the offer and to maximize the quality.
         // This has the most impact when takerGets is XRP.
         auto const takerGets =
-            toAmount<TOut>(getIssue(pool.out), nTakerGetsProposed, Number::downward);
+            toAmount<TOut>(getAsset(pool.out), nTakerGetsProposed, Number::downward);
         return TAmounts<TIn, TOut>{swapAssetOut(pool, takerGets, tfee), takerGets};
     };
 
@@ -262,7 +263,7 @@ getAMMOfferStartWithTakerPays(
         // Round downward to minimize the offer and to maximize the quality.
         // This has the most impact when takerPays is XRP.
         auto const takerPays =
-            toAmount<TIn>(getIssue(pool.in), nTakerPaysProposed, Number::downward);
+            toAmount<TIn>(getAsset(pool.in), nTakerPaysProposed, Number::downward);
         return TAmounts<TIn, TOut>{takerPays, swapAssetIn(pool, takerPays, tfee)};
     };
 
@@ -331,7 +332,7 @@ changeSpotPriceQuality(
                                 << " " << to_string(pool.out) << " " << quality << " " << tfee;
                 return std::nullopt;
             }
-            auto const takerPays = toAmount<TIn>(getIssue(pool.in), nTakerPays, Number::upward);
+            auto const takerPays = toAmount<TIn>(getAsset(pool.in), nTakerPays, Number::upward);
             // should not fail
             if (auto amounts = TAmounts<TIn, TOut>{takerPays, swapAssetIn(pool, takerPays, tfee)};
                 Quality{amounts} < quality &&
@@ -360,7 +361,7 @@ changeSpotPriceQuality(
     // Generate the offer starting with XRP side. Return seated offer amounts
     // if the offer can be generated, otherwise nullopt.
     auto amounts = [&]() {
-        if (isXRP(getIssue(pool.out)))
+        if (isXRP(getAsset(pool.out)))
             return getAMMOfferStartWithTakerGets(pool, quality, tfee);
         return getAMMOfferStartWithTakerPays(pool, quality, tfee);
     }();
@@ -445,7 +446,7 @@ swapAssetIn(TAmounts<TIn, TOut> const& pool, TIn const& assetIn, std::uint16_t t
         auto const denom = pool.in + assetIn * (1 - fee);
 
         if (denom.signum() <= 0)
-            return toAmount<TOut>(getIssue(pool.out), 0);
+            return toAmount<TOut>(getAsset(pool.out), 0);
 
         Number::setround(Number::upward);
         auto const ratio = numerator / denom;
@@ -454,14 +455,14 @@ swapAssetIn(TAmounts<TIn, TOut> const& pool, TIn const& assetIn, std::uint16_t t
         auto const swapOut = pool.out - ratio;
 
         if (swapOut.signum() < 0)
-            return toAmount<TOut>(getIssue(pool.out), 0);
+            return toAmount<TOut>(getAsset(pool.out), 0);
 
-        return toAmount<TOut>(getIssue(pool.out), swapOut, Number::downward);
+        return toAmount<TOut>(getAsset(pool.out), swapOut, Number::downward);
     }
     else
     {
         return toAmount<TOut>(
-            getIssue(pool.out),
+            getAsset(pool.out),
             pool.out - (pool.in * pool.out) / (pool.in + assetIn * feeMult(tfee)),
             Number::downward);
     }
@@ -508,7 +509,7 @@ swapAssetOut(TAmounts<TIn, TOut> const& pool, TOut const& assetOut, std::uint16_
         auto const denom = pool.out - assetOut;
         if (denom.signum() <= 0)
         {
-            return toMaxAmount<TIn>(getIssue(pool.in));
+            return toMaxAmount<TIn>(getAsset(pool.in));
         }
 
         Number::setround(Number::upward);
@@ -522,14 +523,14 @@ swapAssetOut(TAmounts<TIn, TOut> const& pool, TOut const& assetOut, std::uint16_
         Number::setround(Number::upward);
         auto const swapIn = numerator2 / feeMult;
         if (swapIn.signum() < 0)
-            return toAmount<TIn>(getIssue(pool.in), 0);
+            return toAmount<TIn>(getAsset(pool.in), 0);
 
-        return toAmount<TIn>(getIssue(pool.in), swapIn, Number::upward);
+        return toAmount<TIn>(getAsset(pool.in), swapIn, Number::upward);
     }
     else
     {
         return toAmount<TIn>(
-            getIssue(pool.in),
+            getAsset(pool.in),
             ((pool.in * pool.out) / (pool.out - assetOut) - pool.in) / feeMult(tfee),
             Number::upward);
     }
@@ -616,9 +617,9 @@ getRoundedAsset(Rules const& rules, STAmount const& balance, A const& frac, IsDe
     if (!rules.enabled(fixAMMv1_3))
     {
         if constexpr (std::is_same_v<A, STAmount>)
-            return multiply(balance, frac, balance.issue());
+            return multiply(balance, frac, balance.asset());
         else
-            return toSTAmount(balance.issue(), balance * frac);
+            return toSTAmount(balance.asset(), balance * frac);
     }
     auto const rm = detail::getAssetRounding(isDeposit);
     return multiply(balance, frac, rm);

include/xrpl/ledger/helpers/AMMUtils.h

@@ -21,9 +21,10 @@ std::pair<STAmount, STAmount>
 ammPoolHolds(
     ReadView const& view,
     AccountID const& ammAccountID,
-    Issue const& issue1,
-    Issue const& issue2,
+    Asset const& asset1,
+    Asset const& asset2,
     FreezeHandling freezeHandling,
+    AuthHandling authHandling,
     beast::Journal const j);
 
 /** Get AMM pool and LP token balances. If both optIssue are
@@ -34,9 +35,10 @@ Expected<std::tuple<STAmount, STAmount, STAmount>, TER>
 ammHolds(
     ReadView const& view,
     SLE const& ammSle,
-    std::optional<Issue> const& optIssue1,
-    std::optional<Issue> const& optIssue2,
+    std::optional<Asset> const& optAsset1,
+    std::optional<Asset> const& optAsset2,
     FreezeHandling freezeHandling,
+    AuthHandling authHandling,
     beast::Journal const j);
 
 /** Get the balance of LP tokens.
@@ -44,8 +46,8 @@ ammHolds(
 STAmount
 ammLPHolds(
     ReadView const& view,
-    Currency const& cur1,
-    Currency const& cur2,
+    Asset const& asset1,
+    Asset const& asset2,
     AccountID const& ammAccount,
     AccountID const& lpAccount,
     beast::Journal const j);
@@ -67,13 +69,13 @@ getTradingFee(ReadView const& view, SLE const& ammSle, AccountID const& account)
 /** Returns total amount held by AMM for the given token.
  */
 STAmount
-ammAccountHolds(ReadView const& view, AccountID const& ammAccountID, Issue const& issue);
+ammAccountHolds(ReadView const& view, AccountID const& ammAccountID, Asset const& asset);
 
 /** Delete trustlines to AMM. If all trustlines are deleted then
  * AMM object and account are deleted. Otherwise tecIMPCOMPLETE is returned.
  */
 TER
-deleteAMMAccount(Sandbox& view, Issue const& asset, Issue const& asset2, beast::Journal j);
+deleteAMMAccount(Sandbox& view, Asset const& asset, Asset const& asset2, beast::Journal j);
 
 /** Initialize Auction and Voting slots and set the trading/discounted fee.
  */
@@ -82,7 +84,7 @@ initializeFeeAuctionVote(
     ApplyView& view,
     std::shared_ptr<SLE>& ammSle,
     AccountID const& account,
-    Issue const& lptIssue,
+    Asset const& lptAsset,
     std::uint16_t tfee);
 
 /** Return true if the Liquidity Provider is the only AMM provider, false

include/xrpl/ledger/helpers/EscrowHelpers.h

@@ -41,7 +41,8 @@ escrowUnlockApplyHelper<Issue>(
     bool createAsset,
     beast::Journal journal)
 {
-    Keylet const trustLineKey = keylet::line(receiver, amount.issue());
+    Issue const& issue = amount.get<Issue>();
+    Keylet const trustLineKey = keylet::line(receiver, issue);
     bool const recvLow = issuer > receiver;
     bool const senderIssuer = issuer == sender;
     bool const receiverIssuer = issuer == receiver;
@@ -64,9 +65,9 @@ escrowUnlockApplyHelper<Issue>(
             return tecNO_LINE_INSUF_RESERVE;
         }
 
-        Currency const currency = amount.getCurrency();
-        STAmount initialBalance(amount.issue());
-        initialBalance.setIssuer(noAccount());
+        Currency const currency = issue.currency;
+        STAmount initialBalance(issue);
+        initialBalance.get<Issue>().account = noAccount();
 
         if (TER const ter = trustCreate(
                 view,                                           // payment sandbox
@@ -113,7 +114,8 @@ escrowUnlockApplyHelper<Issue>(
     if ((!senderIssuer && !receiverIssuer) && lockedRate != parityRate)
     {
         // compute transfer fee, if any
-        auto const xferFee = amount.value() - divideRound(amount, lockedRate, amount.issue(), true);
+        auto const xferFee =
+            amount.value() - divideRound(amount, lockedRate, amount.get<Issue>(), true);
         // compute balance to transfer
         finalAmt = amount.value() - xferFee;
     }

include/xrpl/ledger/helpers/MPTokenHelpers.h

@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@ authorizeMPToken(
  * requireAuth check is recursive for MPT shares in a vault, descending to
  * assets in the vault, up to maxAssetCheckDepth recursion depth. This is
  * purely defensive, as we currently do not allow such vaults to be created.
+ * WeakAuth intentionally allows missing MPTokens under MPToken V2.
  */
 [[nodiscard]] TER
 requireAuth(
@@ -114,6 +115,12 @@ canTransfer(
     AccountID const& from,
     AccountID const& to);
 
+/** Check if Asset can be traded on DEX. return tecNO_PERMISSION
+ * if it doesn't and tesSUCCESS otherwise.
+ */
+[[nodiscard]] TER
+canTrade(ReadView const& view, Asset const& asset);
+
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 //
 // Empty holding operations (MPT-specific)
@@ -164,4 +171,73 @@ createMPToken(
     AccountID const& account,
     std::uint32_t const flags);
 
+TER
+checkCreateMPT(
+    xrpl::ApplyView& view,
+    xrpl::MPTIssue const& mptIssue,
+    xrpl::AccountID const& holder,
+    beast::Journal j);
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// MPT Overflow related
+//
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// MaximumAmount doesn't exceed 2**63-1
+std::int64_t
+maxMPTAmount(SLE const& sleIssuance);
+
+// OutstandingAmount may overflow and available amount might be negative.
+// But available amount is always <= |MaximumAmount - OutstandingAmount|.
+std::int64_t
+availableMPTAmount(SLE const& sleIssuance);
+
+std::int64_t
+availableMPTAmount(ReadView const& view, MPTID const& mptID);
+
+/** Checks for two types of OutstandingAmount overflow during a send operation.
+ * 1.  **Direct directSendNoFee (Overflow: No):** A true overflow check when
+ * `OutstandingAmount > MaximumAmount`. This threshold is used for direct
+ * directSendNoFee transactions that bypass the payment engine.
+ * 2.  **accountSend & Payment Engine (Overflow: Yes):** A temporary overflow
+ * check when `OutstandingAmount > UINT64_MAX`. This higher threshold is used
+ * for `accountSend` and payments processed via the payment engine.
+ */
+bool
+isMPTOverflow(
+    std::int64_t sendAmount,
+    std::uint64_t outstandingAmount,
+    std::int64_t maximumAmount,
+    AllowMPTOverflow allowOverflow);
+
+/**
+ * Determine funds available for an issuer to sell in an issuer owned offer.
+ * Issuing step, which could be either MPTEndPointStep last step or BookStep's
+ * TakerPays may overflow OutstandingAmount. Redeeming step, in BookStep's
+ * TakerGets redeems the offer's owner funds, essentially balancing out
+ * the overflow, unless the offer's owner is the issuer.
+ */
+[[nodiscard]] STAmount
+issuerFundsToSelfIssue(ReadView const& view, MPTIssue const& issue);
+
+/** Facilitate tracking of MPT sold by an issuer owning MPT sell offer.
+ * See ApplyView::issuerSelfDebitHookMPT().
+ */
+void
+issuerSelfDebitHookMPT(ApplyView& view, MPTIssue const& issue, std::uint64_t amount);
+
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// MPT DEX
+//
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+/* Return true if a transaction is allowed for the specified MPT/account. The
+ * function checks MPTokenIssuance and MPToken objects flags to determine if the
+ * transaction is allowed.
+ */
+TER
+checkMPTTxAllowed(ReadView const& v, TxType tx, Asset const& asset, AccountID const& accountID);
+
 }  // namespace xrpl

include/xrpl/ledger/helpers/RippleStateHelpers.h

@@ -252,4 +252,14 @@ deleteAMMTrustLine(
     std::optional<AccountID> const& ammAccountID,
     beast::Journal j);
 
+/** Delete AMMs MPToken. The passed `sle` must be obtained from a prior
+ * call to view.peek().
+ */
+[[nodiscard]] TER
+deleteAMMMPToken(
+    ApplyView& view,
+    std::shared_ptr<SLE> sleMPT,
+    AccountID const& ammAccountID,
+    beast::Journal j);
+
 }  // namespace xrpl

include/xrpl/ledger/helpers/TokenHelpers.h

@@ -31,6 +31,9 @@ enum SpendableHandling { shSIMPLE_BALANCE, shFULL_BALANCE };
 
 enum class WaiveTransferFee : bool { No = false, Yes };
 
+/** Controls whether accountSend is allowed to overflow OutstandingAmount **/
+enum class AllowMPTOverflow : bool { No = false, Yes };
+
 /* Check if MPToken (for MPT) or trust line (for IOU) exists:
  * - StrongAuth - before checking if authorization is required
  * - WeakAuth
@@ -176,6 +179,16 @@ accountFunds(
     FreezeHandling freezeHandling,
     beast::Journal j);
 
+// Overload with AuthHandling to support IOU and MPT.
+[[nodiscard]] STAmount
+accountFunds(
+    ReadView const& view,
+    AccountID const& id,
+    STAmount const& saDefault,
+    FreezeHandling freezeHandling,
+    AuthHandling authHandling,
+    beast::Journal j);
+
 /** Returns the transfer fee as Rate based on the type of token
  * @param view The ledger view
  * @param amount The amount to transfer
@@ -257,7 +270,8 @@ accountSend(
     AccountID const& to,
     STAmount const& saAmount,
     beast::Journal j,
-    WaiveTransferFee waiveFee = WaiveTransferFee::No);
+    WaiveTransferFee waiveFee = WaiveTransferFee::No,
+    AllowMPTOverflow allowOverflow = AllowMPTOverflow::No);
 
 using MultiplePaymentDestinations = std::vector<std::pair<AccountID, Number>>;
 /** Like accountSend, except one account is sending multiple payments (with the

include/xrpl/net/AutoSocket.h

@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ public:
             {
                 lowest_layer().shutdown(plain_socket::shutdown_both);
             }
-            catch (boost::system::system_error const& e)
+            catch (boost::system::system_error& e)
             {
                 ec = e.code();
             }

include/xrpl/protocol/AMMCore.h

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 #include <xrpl/basics/Number.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/AccountID.h>
-#include <xrpl/protocol/Issue.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/Asset.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/TER.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/UintTypes.h>
 
@@ -31,12 +31,12 @@ class Rules;
 /** Calculate Liquidity Provider Token (LPT) Currency.
  */
 Currency
-ammLPTCurrency(Currency const& cur1, Currency const& cur2);
+ammLPTCurrency(Asset const& asset1, Asset const& asset2);
 
 /** Calculate LPT Issue from AMM asset pair.
  */
 Issue
-ammLPTIssue(Currency const& cur1, Currency const& cur2, AccountID const& ammAccountID);
+ammLPTIssue(Asset const& asset1, Asset const& asset2, AccountID const& ammAccountID);
 
 /** Validate the amount.
  * If validZero is false and amount is beast::zero then invalid amount.
@@ -46,19 +46,19 @@ ammLPTIssue(Currency const& cur1, Currency const& cur2, AccountID const& ammAcco
 NotTEC
 invalidAMMAmount(
     STAmount const& amount,
-    std::optional<std::pair<Issue, Issue>> const& pair = std::nullopt,
+    std::optional<std::pair<Asset, Asset>> const& pair = std::nullopt,
     bool validZero = false);
 
 NotTEC
 invalidAMMAsset(
-    Issue const& issue,
-    std::optional<std::pair<Issue, Issue>> const& pair = std::nullopt);
+    Asset const& asset,
+    std::optional<std::pair<Asset, Asset>> const& pair = std::nullopt);
 
 NotTEC
 invalidAMMAssetPair(
-    Issue const& issue1,
-    Issue const& issue2,
-    std::optional<std::pair<Issue, Issue>> const& pair = std::nullopt);
+    Asset const& asset1,
+    Asset const& asset2,
+    std::optional<std::pair<Asset, Asset>> const& pair = std::nullopt);
 
 /** Get time slot of the auction slot.
  */

include/xrpl/protocol/AmountConversions.h

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <xrpl/protocol/IOUAmount.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/Protocol.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/STAmount.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/XRPAmount.h>
 
@@ -9,11 +10,12 @@
 namespace xrpl {
 
 inline STAmount
-toSTAmount(IOUAmount const& iou, Issue const& iss)
+toSTAmount(IOUAmount const& iou, Asset const& asset)
 {
+    XRPL_ASSERT(asset.holds<Issue>(), "xrpl::toSTAmount : is Issue");
     bool const isNeg = iou.signum() < 0;
     std::uint64_t const umant = isNeg ? -iou.mantissa() : iou.mantissa();
-    return STAmount(iss, umant, iou.exponent(), isNeg, STAmount::unchecked());
+    return STAmount(asset, umant, iou.exponent(), isNeg, STAmount::unchecked());
 }
 
 inline STAmount
@@ -31,12 +33,25 @@ toSTAmount(XRPAmount const& xrp)
 }
 
 inline STAmount
-toSTAmount(XRPAmount const& xrp, Issue const& iss)
+toSTAmount(XRPAmount const& xrp, Asset const& asset)
 {
-    XRPL_ASSERT(isXRP(iss.account) && isXRP(iss.currency), "xrpl::toSTAmount : is XRP");
+    XRPL_ASSERT(isXRP(asset), "xrpl::toSTAmount : is XRP");
     return toSTAmount(xrp);
 }
 
+inline STAmount
+toSTAmount(MPTAmount const& mpt)
+{
+    return STAmount(mpt, noMPT());
+}
+
+inline STAmount
+toSTAmount(MPTAmount const& mpt, Asset const& asset)
+{
+    XRPL_ASSERT(asset.holds<MPTIssue>(), "xrpl::toSTAmount : is MPT");
+    return STAmount(mpt, asset.get<MPTIssue>());
+}
+
 template <class T>
 T
 toAmount(STAmount const& amt) = delete;
@@ -76,6 +91,21 @@ toAmount<XRPAmount>(STAmount const& amt)
     return XRPAmount(sMant);
 }
 
+template <>
+inline MPTAmount
+toAmount<MPTAmount>(STAmount const& amt)
+{
+    XRPL_ASSERT(
+        amt.holds<MPTIssue>() && amt.mantissa() <= maxMPTokenAmount && amt.exponent() == 0,
+        "xrpl::toAmount<MPTAmount> : maximum mantissa");
+    if (amt.mantissa() > maxMPTokenAmount || amt.exponent() != 0)
+        Throw<std::runtime_error>("toAmount<MPTAmount>: invalid mantissa or exponent");
+    bool const isNeg = amt.negative();
+    std::int64_t const sMant = isNeg ? -std::int64_t(amt.mantissa()) : amt.mantissa();
+
+    return MPTAmount(sMant);
+}
+
 template <class T>
 T
 toAmount(IOUAmount const& amt) = delete;
@@ -98,23 +128,36 @@ toAmount<XRPAmount>(XRPAmount const& amt)
     return amt;
 }
 
+template <class T>
+T
+toAmount(MPTAmount const& amt) = delete;
+
+template <>
+inline MPTAmount
+toAmount<MPTAmount>(MPTAmount const& amt)
+{
+    return amt;
+}
+
 template <typename T>
 T
-toAmount(Issue const& issue, Number const& n, Number::rounding_mode mode = Number::getround())
+toAmount(Asset const& asset, Number const& n, Number::rounding_mode mode = Number::getround())
 {
     saveNumberRoundMode const rm(Number::getround());
-    if (isXRP(issue))
+    if (isXRP(asset))
         Number::setround(mode);
 
     if constexpr (std::is_same_v<IOUAmount, T>)
         return IOUAmount(n);
     else if constexpr (std::is_same_v<XRPAmount, T>)
         return XRPAmount(static_cast<std::int64_t>(n));
+    else if constexpr (std::is_same_v<MPTAmount, T>)
+        return MPTAmount(static_cast<std::int64_t>(n));
     else if constexpr (std::is_same_v<STAmount, T>)
     {
-        if (isXRP(issue))
-            return STAmount(issue, static_cast<std::int64_t>(n));
-        return STAmount(issue, n);
+        if (isXRP(asset))
+            return STAmount(asset, static_cast<std::int64_t>(n));
+        return STAmount(asset, n);
     }
     else
     {
@@ -125,17 +168,23 @@ toAmount(Issue const& issue, Number const& n, Number::rounding_mode mode = Numbe
 
 template <typename T>
 T
-toMaxAmount(Issue const& issue)
+toMaxAmount(Asset const& asset)
 {
     if constexpr (std::is_same_v<IOUAmount, T>)
         return IOUAmount(STAmount::cMaxValue, STAmount::cMaxOffset);
     else if constexpr (std::is_same_v<XRPAmount, T>)
         return XRPAmount(static_cast<std::int64_t>(STAmount::cMaxNativeN));
+    else if constexpr (std::is_same_v<MPTAmount, T>)
+        return MPTAmount(maxMPTokenAmount);
     else if constexpr (std::is_same_v<STAmount, T>)
     {
-        if (isXRP(issue))
-            return STAmount(issue, static_cast<std::int64_t>(STAmount::cMaxNativeN));
-        return STAmount(issue, STAmount::cMaxValue, STAmount::cMaxOffset);
+        return asset.visit(
+            [](Issue const& issue) {
+                if (isXRP(issue))
+                    return STAmount(issue, static_cast<std::int64_t>(STAmount::cMaxNativeN));
+                return STAmount(issue, STAmount::cMaxValue, STAmount::cMaxOffset);
+            },
+            [](MPTIssue const& issue) { return STAmount(issue, maxMPTokenAmount); });
     }
     else
     {
@@ -145,21 +194,23 @@ toMaxAmount(Issue const& issue)
 }
 
 inline STAmount
-toSTAmount(Issue const& issue, Number const& n, Number::rounding_mode mode = Number::getround())
+toSTAmount(Asset const& asset, Number const& n, Number::rounding_mode mode = Number::getround())
 {
-    return toAmount<STAmount>(issue, n, mode);
+    return toAmount<STAmount>(asset, n, mode);
 }
 
 template <typename T>
-Issue
-getIssue(T const& amt)
+Asset
+getAsset(T const& amt)
 {
     if constexpr (std::is_same_v<IOUAmount, T>)
         return noIssue();
     else if constexpr (std::is_same_v<XRPAmount, T>)
         return xrpIssue();
+    else if constexpr (std::is_same_v<MPTAmount, T>)
+        return noMPT();
     else if constexpr (std::is_same_v<STAmount, T>)
-        return amt.issue();
+        return amt.asset();
     else
     {
         constexpr bool alwaysFalse = !std::is_same_v<T, T>;
@@ -175,6 +226,8 @@ get(STAmount const& a)
         return a.iou();
     else if constexpr (std::is_same_v<XRPAmount, T>)
         return a.xrp();
+    else if constexpr (std::is_same_v<MPTAmount, T>)
+        return a.mpt();
     else if constexpr (std::is_same_v<STAmount, T>)
         return a;
     else

include/xrpl/protocol/Asset.h

@@ -2,20 +2,37 @@
 
 #include <xrpl/basics/Number.h>
 #include <xrpl/basics/base_uint.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/Concepts.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Issue.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/MPTIssue.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/Rules.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 
-class Asset;
 class STAmount;
 
-template <typename TIss>
-concept ValidIssueType = std::is_same_v<TIss, Issue> || std::is_same_v<TIss, MPTIssue>;
+template <typename T>
+    requires(
+        std::is_same_v<T, XRPAmount> || std::is_same_v<T, IOUAmount> ||
+        std::is_same_v<T, MPTAmount>)
+struct AmountType
+{
+    using amount_type = T;
+};
 
-template <typename A>
-concept AssetType = std::is_convertible_v<A, Asset> || std::is_convertible_v<A, Issue> ||
-    std::is_convertible_v<A, MPTIssue> || std::is_convertible_v<A, MPTID>;
+/* Used to check for an asset with either badCurrency()
+ * or MPT with 0 account.
+ */
+struct BadAsset
+{
+};
+
+inline BadAsset const&
+badAsset()
+{
+    static BadAsset const a;
+    return a;
+}
 
 /* Asset is an abstraction of three different issue types: XRP, IOU, MPT.
  * For historical reasons, two issue types XRP and IOU are wrapped in Issue
@@ -26,6 +43,9 @@ class Asset
 {
 public:
     using value_type = std::variant<Issue, MPTIssue>;
+    using token_type = std::variant<Currency, MPTID>;
+    using AmtType =
+        std::variant<AmountType<XRPAmount>, AmountType<IOUAmount>, AmountType<MPTAmount>>;
 
 private:
     value_type issue_;
@@ -69,36 +89,42 @@ public:
     constexpr value_type const&
     value() const;
 
+    constexpr token_type
+    token() const;
+
     void
     setJson(Json::Value& jv) const;
 
     STAmount
     operator()(Number const&) const;
 
-    bool
+    constexpr AmtType
+    getAmountType() const;
+
+    // Custom, generic visit implementation
+    template <typename... Visitors>
+    constexpr auto
+    visit(Visitors&&... visitors) const -> decltype(auto)
+    {
+        // Simple delegation to the reusable utility, passing the internal
+        // variant data.
+        return detail::visit(issue_, std::forward<Visitors>(visitors)...);
+    }
+
+    constexpr bool
     native() const
     {
-        return std::visit(
-            [&]<ValidIssueType TIss>(TIss const& issue) {
-                if constexpr (std::is_same_v<TIss, Issue>)
-                    return issue.native();
-                if constexpr (std::is_same_v<TIss, MPTIssue>)
-                    return false;
-            },
-            issue_);
+        return visit(
+            [&](Issue const& issue) { return issue.native(); },
+            [&](MPTIssue const&) { return false; });
     }
 
     bool
     integral() const
     {
-        return std::visit(
-            [&]<ValidIssueType TIss>(TIss const& issue) {
-                if constexpr (std::is_same_v<TIss, Issue>)
-                    return issue.native();
-                if constexpr (std::is_same_v<TIss, MPTIssue>)
-                    return true;
-            },
-            issue_);
+        return visit(
+            [&](Issue const& issue) { return issue.native(); },
+            [&](MPTIssue const&) { return true; });
     }
 
     friend constexpr bool
@@ -110,6 +136,10 @@ public:
     friend constexpr bool
     operator==(Currency const& lhs, Asset const& rhs);
 
+    // rhs is either badCurrency() or MPT issuer is 0
+    friend constexpr bool
+    operator==(BadAsset const& lhs, Asset const& rhs);
+
     /** Return true if both assets refer to the same currency (regardless of
      * issuer) or MPT issuance. Otherwise return false.
      */
@@ -117,6 +147,12 @@ public:
     equalTokens(Asset const& lhs, Asset const& rhs);
 };
 
+template <ValidIssueType TIss>
+constexpr bool is_issue_v = std::is_same_v<TIss, Issue>;
+
+template <ValidIssueType TIss>
+constexpr bool is_mptissue_v = std::is_same_v<TIss, MPTIssue>;
+
 inline Json::Value
 to_json(Asset const& asset)
 {
@@ -156,6 +192,29 @@ Asset::value() const
     return issue_;
 }
 
+constexpr Asset::token_type
+Asset::token() const
+{
+    return visit(
+        [&](Issue const& issue) -> Asset::token_type { return issue.currency; },
+        [&](MPTIssue const& issue) -> Asset::token_type { return issue.getMptID(); });
+}
+
+constexpr Asset::AmtType
+Asset::getAmountType() const
+{
+    return visit(
+        [&](Issue const& issue) -> Asset::AmtType {
+            constexpr AmountType<XRPAmount> xrp;
+            constexpr AmountType<IOUAmount> iou;
+            return native() ? AmtType(xrp) : AmtType(iou);
+        },
+        [&](MPTIssue const& issue) -> Asset::AmtType {
+            constexpr AmountType<MPTAmount> mpt;
+            return AmtType(mpt);
+        });
+}
+
 constexpr bool
 operator==(Asset const& lhs, Asset const& rhs)
 {
@@ -177,7 +236,7 @@ operator<=>(Asset const& lhs, Asset const& rhs)
         []<ValidIssueType TLhs, ValidIssueType TRhs>(TLhs const& lhs_, TRhs const& rhs_) {
             if constexpr (std::is_same_v<TLhs, TRhs>)
                 return std::weak_ordering(lhs_ <=> rhs_);
-            else if constexpr (std::is_same_v<TLhs, Issue> && std::is_same_v<TRhs, MPTIssue>)
+            else if constexpr (is_issue_v<TLhs> && is_mptissue_v<TRhs>)
                 return std::weak_ordering::greater;
             else
                 return std::weak_ordering::less;
@@ -189,7 +248,17 @@ operator<=>(Asset const& lhs, Asset const& rhs)
 constexpr bool
 operator==(Currency const& lhs, Asset const& rhs)
 {
-    return rhs.holds<Issue>() && rhs.get<Issue>().currency == lhs;
+    return rhs.visit(
+        [&](Issue const& issue) { return issue.currency == lhs; },
+        [](MPTIssue const& issue) { return false; });
+}
+
+constexpr bool
+operator==(BadAsset const&, Asset const& rhs)
+{
+    return rhs.visit(
+        [](Issue const& issue) -> bool { return badCurrency() == issue.currency; },
+        [](MPTIssue const& issue) -> bool { return issue.getIssuer() == xrpAccount(); });
 }
 
 constexpr bool
@@ -223,4 +292,36 @@ validJSONAsset(Json::Value const& jv);
 Asset
 assetFromJson(Json::Value const& jv);
 
+Json::Value
+to_json(Asset const& asset);
+
+inline bool
+isConsistent(Asset const& asset)
+{
+    return asset.visit(
+        [](Issue const& issue) { return isConsistent(issue); },
+        [](MPTIssue const&) { return true; });
+}
+
+inline bool
+validAsset(Asset const& asset)
+{
+    return asset.visit(
+        [](Issue const& issue) { return isConsistent(issue) && issue.currency != badCurrency(); },
+        [](MPTIssue const& issue) { return issue.getIssuer() != xrpAccount(); });
+}
+
+template <class Hasher>
+void
+hash_append(Hasher& h, Asset const& r)
+{
+    using beast::hash_append;
+    r.visit(
+        [&](Issue const& issue) { hash_append(h, issue); },
+        [&](MPTIssue const& issue) { hash_append(h, issue); });
+}
+
+std::ostream&
+operator<<(std::ostream& os, Asset const& x);
+
 }  // namespace xrpl

include/xrpl/protocol/Book.h

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 #include <xrpl/basics/CountedObject.h>
 #include <xrpl/basics/base_uint.h>
-#include <xrpl/protocol/Issue.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/Asset.h>
 
 #include <boost/utility/base_from_member.hpp>
 
@@ -15,15 +15,15 @@ namespace xrpl {
 class Book final : public CountedObject<Book>
 {
 public:
-    Issue in;
-    Issue out;
+    Asset in;
+    Asset out;
     std::optional<uint256> domain;
 
     Book()
     {
     }
 
-    Book(Issue const& in_, Issue const& out_, std::optional<uint256> const& domain_)
+    Book(Asset const& in_, Asset const& out_, std::optional<uint256> const& domain_)
         : in(in_), out(out_), domain(domain_)
     {
     }
@@ -112,16 +112,67 @@ public:
     }
 };
 
+template <>
+struct hash<xrpl::MPTIssue> : private boost::base_from_member<std::hash<xrpl::MPTID>, 0>
+{
+private:
+    using id_hash_type = boost::base_from_member<std::hash<xrpl::MPTID>, 0>;
+
+public:
+    explicit hash() = default;
+
+    using value_type = std::size_t;
+    using argument_type = xrpl::MPTIssue;
+
+    value_type
+    operator()(argument_type const& value) const
+    {
+        value_type const result(id_hash_type::member(value.getMptID()));
+        return result;
+    }
+};
+
+template <>
+struct hash<xrpl::Asset>
+{
+private:
+    using value_type = std::size_t;
+    using argument_type = xrpl::Asset;
+
+    using issue_hasher = std::hash<xrpl::Issue>;
+    using mptissue_hasher = std::hash<xrpl::MPTIssue>;
+
+    issue_hasher m_issue_hasher;
+    mptissue_hasher m_mptissue_hasher;
+
+public:
+    explicit hash() = default;
+
+    value_type
+    operator()(argument_type const& asset) const
+    {
+        return asset.visit(
+            [&](xrpl::Issue const& issue) {
+                value_type const result(m_issue_hasher(issue));
+                return result;
+            },
+            [&](xrpl::MPTIssue const& issue) {
+                value_type const result(m_mptissue_hasher(issue));
+                return result;
+            });
+    }
+};
+
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 template <>
 struct hash<xrpl::Book>
 {
 private:
-    using issue_hasher = std::hash<xrpl::Issue>;
+    using asset_hasher = std::hash<xrpl::Asset>;
     using uint256_hasher = xrpl::uint256::hasher;
 
-    issue_hasher m_issue_hasher;
+    asset_hasher m_asset_hasher;
     uint256_hasher m_uint256_hasher;
 
 public:
@@ -133,8 +184,8 @@ public:
     value_type
     operator()(argument_type const& value) const
     {
-        value_type result(m_issue_hasher(value.in));
-        boost::hash_combine(result, m_issue_hasher(value.out));
+        value_type result(m_asset_hasher(value.in));
+        boost::hash_combine(result, m_asset_hasher(value.out));
 
         if (value.domain)
             boost::hash_combine(result, m_uint256_hasher(*value.domain));
@@ -159,6 +210,22 @@ struct hash<xrpl::Issue> : std::hash<xrpl::Issue>
     // using Base::Base; // inherit ctors
 };
 
+template <>
+struct hash<xrpl::MPTIssue> : std::hash<xrpl::MPTIssue>
+{
+    explicit hash() = default;
+
+    using Base = std::hash<xrpl::MPTIssue>;
+};
+
+template <>
+struct hash<xrpl::Asset> : std::hash<xrpl::Asset>
+{
+    explicit hash() = default;
+
+    using Base = std::hash<xrpl::Asset>;
+};
+
 template <>
 struct hash<xrpl::Book> : std::hash<xrpl::Book>
 {

include/xrpl/protocol/Concepts.h

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <xrpl/protocol/UintTypes.h>
+
+#include <type_traits>
+
+namespace xrpl {
+
+class STAmount;
+class Asset;
+class Issue;
+class MPTIssue;
+class IOUAmount;
+class XRPAmount;
+class MPTAmount;
+
+template <typename A>
+concept StepAmount =
+    std::is_same_v<A, XRPAmount> || std::is_same_v<A, IOUAmount> || std::is_same_v<A, MPTAmount>;
+
+template <typename TIss>
+concept ValidIssueType = std::is_same_v<TIss, Issue> || std::is_same_v<TIss, MPTIssue>;
+
+template <typename A>
+concept AssetType = std::is_convertible_v<A, Asset> || std::is_convertible_v<A, Issue> ||
+    std::is_convertible_v<A, MPTIssue> || std::is_convertible_v<A, MPTID>;
+
+template <typename T>
+concept ValidPathAsset = (std::is_same_v<T, Currency> || std::is_same_v<T, MPTID>);
+
+template <class TTakerPays, class TTakerGets>
+concept ValidTaker =
+    ((std::is_same_v<TTakerPays, IOUAmount> || std::is_same_v<TTakerPays, XRPAmount> ||
+      std::is_same_v<TTakerPays, MPTAmount>) &&
+     (std::is_same_v<TTakerGets, IOUAmount> || std::is_same_v<TTakerGets, XRPAmount> ||
+      std::is_same_v<TTakerGets, MPTAmount>) &&
+     (!std::is_same_v<TTakerPays, XRPAmount> || !std::is_same_v<TTakerGets, XRPAmount>));
+
+namespace detail {
+
+// This template combines multiple callable objects (lambdas) into a single
+// object that std::visit can use for overload resolution.
+template <typename... Ts>
+struct CombineVisitors : Ts...
+{
+    // Bring all operator() overloads from base classes into this scope.
+    // It's the mechanism that makes the CombineVisitors struct function
+    // as a single callable object with multiple overloads.
+    using Ts::operator()...;
+
+    // Perfect forwarding constructor to correctly initialize the base class
+    // lambdas
+    constexpr CombineVisitors(Ts&&... ts) : Ts(std::forward<Ts>(ts))...
+    {
+    }
+};
+
+// This function forces function template argument deduction, which is more
+// robust than class template argument deduction (CTAD) via the deduction guide.
+template <typename... Ts>
+constexpr CombineVisitors<std::decay_t<Ts>...>
+make_combine_visitors(Ts&&... ts)
+{
+    // std::decay_t<Ts> is used to remove references/constness from the lambda
+    // types before they are passed as template arguments to the CombineVisitors
+    // struct.
+    return CombineVisitors<std::decay_t<Ts>...>{std::forward<Ts>(ts)...};
+}
+
+// This function takes ANY variant and ANY number of visitors, and performs the
+// visit. It is the reusable core logic.
+template <typename Variant, typename... Visitors>
+constexpr auto
+visit(Variant&& v, Visitors&&... visitors) -> decltype(auto)
+{
+    // Use the function template helper instead of raw CTAD.
+    auto visitor_set = make_combine_visitors(std::forward<Visitors>(visitors)...);
+
+    // Delegate to std::visit, perfectly forwarding the variant and the visitor
+    // set.
+    return std::visit(visitor_set, std::forward<Variant>(v));
+}
+
+}  // namespace detail
+
+}  // namespace xrpl

include/xrpl/protocol/LedgerFormats.h

@@ -187,7 +187,8 @@ enum LedgerEntryType : std::uint16_t {
                                                                                                                                    \
     LEDGER_OBJECT(MPToken,                                                                                                         \
         LSF_FLAG2(lsfMPTLocked, 0x00000001)                                                                                        \
-        LSF_FLAG(lsfMPTAuthorized, 0x00000002))                                                                                    \
+        LSF_FLAG(lsfMPTAuthorized, 0x00000002)                                                                                     \
+        LSF_FLAG(lsfMPTAMM, 0x00000004))                                                                                           \
                                                                                                                                    \
     LEDGER_OBJECT(Credential,                                                                                                      \
         LSF_FLAG(lsfAccepted, 0x00010000))                                                                                         \

include/xrpl/protocol/MPTAmount.h

@@ -22,11 +22,12 @@ public:
     using value_type = std::int64_t;
 
 protected:
-    value_type value_;
+    value_type value_{};
 
 public:
     MPTAmount() = default;
     constexpr MPTAmount(MPTAmount const& other) = default;
+    constexpr MPTAmount(beast::Zero);
     constexpr MPTAmount&
     operator=(MPTAmount const& other) = default;
 
@@ -85,6 +86,11 @@ constexpr MPTAmount::MPTAmount(value_type value) : value_(value)
 {
 }
 
+constexpr MPTAmount::MPTAmount(beast::Zero)
+{
+    *this = beast::zero;
+}
+
 constexpr MPTAmount&
 MPTAmount::operator=(beast::Zero)
 {
@@ -116,6 +122,14 @@ MPTAmount::value() const
     return value_;
 }
 
+// Output MPTAmount as just the value.
+template <class Char, class Traits>
+std::basic_ostream<Char, Traits>&
+operator<<(std::basic_ostream<Char, Traits>& os, MPTAmount const& q)
+{
+    return os << q.value();
+}
+
 inline std::string
 to_string(MPTAmount const& amount)
 {

include/xrpl/protocol/MPTIssue.h

@@ -17,7 +17,14 @@ private:
 public:
     MPTIssue() = default;
 
-    explicit MPTIssue(MPTID const& issuanceID);
+    MPTIssue(MPTID const& issuanceID);
+
+    MPTIssue(std::uint32_t sequence, AccountID const& account);
+
+    operator MPTID const&() const
+    {
+        return mptID_;
+    }
 
     AccountID const&
     getIssuer() const;
@@ -73,6 +80,47 @@ isXRP(MPTID const&)
     return false;
 }
 
+inline AccountID
+getMPTIssuer(MPTID const& mptid)
+{
+    static_assert(sizeof(MPTID) == (sizeof(std::uint32_t) + sizeof(AccountID)));
+    // Extract the 20 bytes for the AccountID
+    std::array<std::uint8_t, sizeof(AccountID)> bytes{};
+    std::copy_n(mptid.data() + sizeof(std::uint32_t), sizeof(AccountID), bytes.begin());
+
+    // bit_cast is a "magic" compiler intrinsic that is
+    // usually optimized away to nothing in the final assembly.
+    return std::bit_cast<AccountID>(bytes);
+}
+
+// Disallow temporary
+inline AccountID const&
+getMPTIssuer(MPTID const&&) = delete;
+inline AccountID const&
+getMPTIssuer(MPTID&&) = delete;
+
+inline MPTID
+noMPT()
+{
+    static MPTIssue const mpt{0, noAccount()};
+    return mpt.getMptID();
+}
+
+inline MPTID
+badMPT()
+{
+    static MPTIssue const mpt{0, xrpAccount()};
+    return mpt.getMptID();
+}
+
+template <class Hasher>
+void
+hash_append(Hasher& h, MPTIssue const& r)
+{
+    using beast::hash_append;
+    hash_append(h, r.getMptID());
+}
+
 Json::Value
 to_json(MPTIssue const& mptIssue);
 
@@ -82,4 +130,17 @@ to_string(MPTIssue const& mptIssue);
 MPTIssue
 mptIssueFromJson(Json::Value const& jv);
 
+std::ostream&
+operator<<(std::ostream& os, MPTIssue const& x);
+
 }  // namespace xrpl
+
+namespace std {
+
+template <>
+struct hash<xrpl::MPTID> : xrpl::MPTID::hasher
+{
+    explicit hash() = default;
+};
+
+}  // namespace std

include/xrpl/protocol/PathAsset.h

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <xrpl/protocol/Asset.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/Concepts.h>
+
+namespace xrpl {
+
+/* Represent STPathElement's asset, which can be Currency or MPTID.
+ */
+class PathAsset
+{
+private:
+    std::variant<Currency, MPTID> easset_;
+
+public:
+    PathAsset() = default;
+    // Enables comparing Asset and PathAsset
+    PathAsset(Asset const& asset);
+    PathAsset(Currency const& currency) : easset_(currency)
+    {
+    }
+    PathAsset(MPTID const& mpt) : easset_(mpt)
+    {
+    }
+
+    template <ValidPathAsset T>
+    constexpr bool
+    holds() const;
+
+    constexpr bool
+    isXRP() const;
+
+    template <ValidPathAsset T>
+    T const&
+    get() const;
+
+    constexpr std::variant<Currency, MPTID> const&
+    value() const;
+
+    // Custom, generic visit implementation
+    template <typename... Visitors>
+    constexpr auto
+    visit(Visitors&&... visitors) const -> decltype(auto)
+    {
+        // Simple delegation to the reusable utility, passing the internal
+        // variant data.
+        return detail::visit(easset_, std::forward<Visitors>(visitors)...);
+    }
+
+    friend constexpr bool
+    operator==(PathAsset const& lhs, PathAsset const& rhs);
+};
+
+template <ValidPathAsset PA>
+constexpr bool is_currency_v = std::is_same_v<PA, Currency>;
+
+template <ValidPathAsset PA>
+constexpr bool is_mptid_v = std::is_same_v<PA, MPTID>;
+
+inline PathAsset::PathAsset(Asset const& asset)
+{
+    asset.visit(
+        [&](Issue const& issue) { easset_ = issue.currency; },
+        [&](MPTIssue const& issue) { easset_ = issue.getMptID(); });
+}
+
+template <ValidPathAsset T>
+constexpr bool
+PathAsset::holds() const
+{
+    return std::holds_alternative<T>(easset_);
+}
+
+template <ValidPathAsset T>
+T const&
+PathAsset::get() const
+{
+    if (!holds<T>())
+        Throw<std::runtime_error>("PathAsset doesn't hold requested asset.");
+    return std::get<T>(easset_);
+}
+
+constexpr std::variant<Currency, MPTID> const&
+PathAsset::value() const
+{
+    return easset_;
+}
+
+constexpr bool
+PathAsset::isXRP() const
+{
+    return visit(
+        [&](Currency const& currency) { return xrpl::isXRP(currency); },
+        [](MPTID const&) { return false; });
+}
+
+constexpr bool
+operator==(PathAsset const& lhs, PathAsset const& rhs)
+{
+    return std::visit(
+        []<ValidPathAsset TLhs, ValidPathAsset TRhs>(TLhs const& lhs_, TRhs const& rhs_) {
+            if constexpr (std::is_same_v<TLhs, TRhs>)
+                return lhs_ == rhs_;
+            else
+                return false;
+        },
+        lhs.value(),
+        rhs.value());
+}
+
+template <typename Hasher>
+void
+hash_append(Hasher& h, PathAsset const& pathAsset)
+{
+    std::visit([&]<ValidPathAsset T>(T const& e) { hash_append(h, e); }, pathAsset.value());
+}
+
+inline bool
+isXRP(PathAsset const& asset)
+{
+    return asset.isXRP();
+}
+
+std::string
+to_string(PathAsset const& asset);
+
+std::ostream&
+operator<<(std::ostream& os, PathAsset const& x);
+
+}  // namespace xrpl

include/xrpl/protocol/Protocol.h

@@ -251,6 +251,12 @@ std::uint8_t constexpr vaultMaximumIOUScale = 18;
  * another vault; counted from 0 */
 std::uint8_t constexpr maxAssetCheckDepth = 5;
 
+/** Maximum length of a Data field in Escrow object that can be updated by WASM code. */
+std::size_t constexpr maxWasmDataLength = 4 * 1024;  // 4KB
+
+/** Maximum length of parameters passed from WASM code to host functions. */
+std::size_t constexpr maxWasmParamLength = 1024;  // 1KB
+
 /** A ledger index. */
 using LedgerIndex = std::uint32_t;
 

include/xrpl/protocol/STAmount.h

@@ -164,12 +164,9 @@ public:
     constexpr TIss const&
     get() const;
 
-    Issue const&
-    issue() const;
-
-    // These three are deprecated
-    Currency const&
-    getCurrency() const;
+    template <ValidIssueType TIss>
+    TIss&
+    get();
 
     AccountID const&
     getIssuer() const;
@@ -225,9 +222,6 @@ public:
     void
     clear(Asset const& asset);
 
-    void
-    setIssuer(AccountID const& uIssuer);
-
     /** Set the Issue for this amount. */
     void
     setIssue(Asset const& asset);
@@ -466,16 +460,11 @@ STAmount::get() const
     return mAsset.get<TIss>();
 }
 
-inline Issue const&
-STAmount::issue() const
+template <ValidIssueType TIss>
+TIss&
+STAmount::get()
 {
-    return get<Issue>();
-}
-
-inline Currency const&
-STAmount::getCurrency() const
-{
-    return mAsset.get<Issue>().currency;
+    return mAsset.get<TIss>();
 }
 
 inline AccountID const&
@@ -505,11 +494,13 @@ operator bool() const noexcept
 inline STAmount::
 operator Number() const
 {
-    if (native())
-        return xrp();
-    if (mAsset.holds<MPTIssue>())
-        return mpt();
-    return iou();
+    return asset().visit(
+        [&](Issue const& issue) -> Number {
+            if (issue.native())
+                return xrp();
+            return iou();
+        },
+        [&](MPTIssue const&) -> Number { return mpt(); });
 }
 
 inline STAmount&
@@ -568,12 +559,6 @@ STAmount::clear(Asset const& asset)
     clear();
 }
 
-inline void
-STAmount::setIssuer(AccountID const& uIssuer)
-{
-    mAsset.get<Issue>().account = uIssuer;
-}
-
 inline STAmount const&
 STAmount::value() const noexcept
 {

include/xrpl/protocol/STObject.h

@@ -349,6 +349,8 @@ public:
     void
     setFieldH128(SField const& field, uint128 const&);
     void
+    setFieldH192(SField const& field, uint192 const&);
+    void
     setFieldH256(SField const& field, uint256 const&);
     void
     setFieldI32(SField const& field, std::int32_t);

include/xrpl/protocol/STPathSet.h

@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@
 #include <xrpl/basics/CountedObject.h>
 #include <xrpl/beast/utility/instrumentation.h>
 #include <xrpl/json/json_value.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/Asset.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/PathAsset.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/SField.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/STBase.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/UintTypes.h>
@@ -16,7 +18,7 @@ class STPathElement final : public CountedObject<STPathElement>
 {
     unsigned int mType;
     AccountID mAccountID;
-    Currency mCurrencyID;
+    PathAsset mAssetID;
     AccountID mIssuerID;
 
     bool is_offer_;
@@ -28,8 +30,10 @@ public:
         typeAccount = 0x01,   // Rippling through an account (vs taking an offer).
         typeCurrency = 0x10,  // Currency follows.
         typeIssuer = 0x20,    // Issuer follows.
+        typeMPT = 0x40,       // MPT follows.
         typeBoundary = 0xFF,  // Boundary between alternate paths.
-        typeAll = typeAccount | typeCurrency | typeIssuer,
+        typeAsset = typeCurrency | typeMPT,
+        typeAll = typeAccount | typeCurrency | typeIssuer | typeMPT,
         // Combination of all types.
     };
 
@@ -40,19 +44,19 @@ public:
 
     STPathElement(
         std::optional<AccountID> const& account,
-        std::optional<Currency> const& currency,
+        std::optional<PathAsset> const& asset,
         std::optional<AccountID> const& issuer);
 
     STPathElement(
         AccountID const& account,
-        Currency const& currency,
+        PathAsset const& asset,
         AccountID const& issuer,
-        bool forceCurrency = false);
+        bool forceAsset = false);
 
     STPathElement(
         unsigned int uType,
         AccountID const& account,
-        Currency const& currency,
+        PathAsset const& asset,
         AccountID const& issuer);
 
     auto
@@ -70,6 +74,12 @@ public:
     bool
     hasCurrency() const;
 
+    bool
+    hasMPT() const;
+
+    bool
+    hasAsset() const;
+
     bool
     isNone() const;
 
@@ -78,12 +88,21 @@ public:
     AccountID const&
     getAccountID() const;
 
+    PathAsset const&
+    getPathAsset() const;
+
     Currency const&
     getCurrency() const;
 
+    MPTID const&
+    getMPTID() const;
+
     AccountID const&
     getIssuerID() const;
 
+    bool
+    isType(Type const& pe) const;
+
     bool
     operator==(STPathElement const& t) const;
 
@@ -118,7 +137,7 @@ public:
     emplace_back(Args&&... args);
 
     bool
-    hasSeen(AccountID const& account, Currency const& currency, AccountID const& issuer) const;
+    hasSeen(AccountID const& account, PathAsset const& asset, AccountID const& issuer) const;
 
     Json::Value getJson(JsonOptions) const;
 
@@ -221,7 +240,7 @@ inline STPathElement::STPathElement() : mType(typeNone), is_offer_(true)
 
 inline STPathElement::STPathElement(
     std::optional<AccountID> const& account,
-    std::optional<Currency> const& currency,
+    std::optional<PathAsset> const& asset,
     std::optional<AccountID> const& issuer)
     : mType(typeNone)
 {
@@ -238,10 +257,10 @@ inline STPathElement::STPathElement(
             mAccountID != noAccount(), "xrpl::STPathElement::STPathElement : account is set");
     }
 
-    if (currency)
+    if (asset)
     {
-        mCurrencyID = *currency;
-        mType |= typeCurrency;
+        mAssetID = *asset;
+        mType |= mAssetID.holds<Currency>() ? typeCurrency : typeMPT;
     }
 
     if (issuer)
@@ -256,20 +275,20 @@ inline STPathElement::STPathElement(
 
 inline STPathElement::STPathElement(
     AccountID const& account,
-    Currency const& currency,
+    PathAsset const& asset,
     AccountID const& issuer,
-    bool forceCurrency)
+    bool forceAsset)
     : mType(typeNone)
     , mAccountID(account)
-    , mCurrencyID(currency)
+    , mAssetID(asset)
     , mIssuerID(issuer)
     , is_offer_(isXRP(mAccountID))
 {
     if (!is_offer_)
         mType |= typeAccount;
 
-    if (forceCurrency || !isXRP(currency))
-        mType |= typeCurrency;
+    if (forceAsset || !isXRP(mAssetID))
+        mType |= asset.holds<Currency>() ? typeCurrency : typeMPT;
 
     if (!isXRP(issuer))
         mType |= typeIssuer;
@@ -280,14 +299,19 @@ inline STPathElement::STPathElement(
 inline STPathElement::STPathElement(
     unsigned int uType,
     AccountID const& account,
-    Currency const& currency,
+    PathAsset const& asset,
     AccountID const& issuer)
     : mType(uType)
     , mAccountID(account)
-    , mCurrencyID(currency)
+    , mAssetID(asset)
     , mIssuerID(issuer)
     , is_offer_(isXRP(mAccountID))
 {
+    // uType could be assetType; i.e. either Currency or MPTID.
+    // Get the actual type.
+    mAssetID.visit(
+        [&](Currency const&) { mType = mType & (~Type::typeMPT); },
+        [&](MPTID const&) { mType = mType & (~Type::typeCurrency); });
     hash_value_ = get_hash(*this);
 }
 
@@ -309,16 +333,34 @@ STPathElement::isAccount() const
     return !isOffer();
 }
 
+inline bool
+STPathElement::isType(Type const& pe) const
+{
+    return (mType & pe) != 0u;
+}
+
 inline bool
 STPathElement::hasIssuer() const
 {
-    return getNodeType() & STPathElement::typeIssuer;
+    return isType(STPathElement::typeIssuer);
 }
 
 inline bool
 STPathElement::hasCurrency() const
 {
-    return getNodeType() & STPathElement::typeCurrency;
+    return isType(STPathElement::typeCurrency);
+}
+
+inline bool
+STPathElement::hasMPT() const
+{
+    return isType(STPathElement::typeMPT);
+}
+
+inline bool
+STPathElement::hasAsset() const
+{
+    return isType(STPathElement::typeAsset);
 }
 
 inline bool
@@ -335,10 +377,22 @@ STPathElement::getAccountID() const
     return mAccountID;
 }
 
+inline PathAsset const&
+STPathElement::getPathAsset() const
+{
+    return mAssetID;
+}
+
 inline Currency const&
 STPathElement::getCurrency() const
 {
-    return mCurrencyID;
+    return mAssetID.get<Currency>();
+}
+
+inline MPTID const&
+STPathElement::getMPTID() const
+{
+    return mAssetID.get<MPTID>();
 }
 
 inline AccountID const&
@@ -351,7 +405,7 @@ inline bool
 STPathElement::operator==(STPathElement const& t) const
 {
     return (mType & typeAccount) == (t.mType & typeAccount) && hash_value_ == t.hash_value_ &&
-        mAccountID == t.mAccountID && mCurrencyID == t.mCurrencyID && mIssuerID == t.mIssuerID;
+        mAccountID == t.mAccountID && mAssetID == t.mAssetID && mIssuerID == t.mIssuerID;
 }
 
 inline bool

include/xrpl/protocol/TER.h

@@ -121,6 +121,9 @@ enum TEMcodes : TERUnderlyingType {
     temARRAY_TOO_LARGE,
     temBAD_TRANSFER_FEE,
     temINVALID_INNER_BATCH,
+
+    temBAD_MPT,
+    temBAD_WASM,
 };
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -208,6 +211,7 @@ enum TERcodes : TERUnderlyingType {
     terADDRESS_COLLISION,       // Failed to allocate AccountID when trying to
                                 // create a pseudo-account
     terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION,  // Delegate does not have permission
+    terLOCKED,                  // MPT is locked
 };
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------

include/xrpl/protocol/detail/features.macro

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 // Add new amendments to the top of this list.
 // Keep it sorted in reverse chronological order.
 
+XRPL_FEATURE(MPTokensV2,                  Supported::no, VoteBehavior::DefaultNo)
 XRPL_FIX    (Security3_1_3,               Supported::no, VoteBehavior::DefaultNo)
 XRPL_FIX    (PermissionedDomainInvariant, Supported::yes, VoteBehavior::DefaultNo)
 XRPL_FIX    (ExpiredNFTokenOfferRemoval,  Supported::yes, VoteBehavior::DefaultNo)

include/xrpl/protocol/detail/ledger_entries.macro

@@ -161,8 +161,10 @@ LEDGER_ENTRY(ltDIR_NODE, 0x0064, DirectoryNode, directory, ({
     {sfOwner,                soeOPTIONAL},  // for owner directories
     {sfTakerPaysCurrency,    soeOPTIONAL},  // order book directories
     {sfTakerPaysIssuer,      soeOPTIONAL},  // order book directories
+    {sfTakerPaysMPT,         soeOPTIONAL},  // order book directories
     {sfTakerGetsCurrency,    soeOPTIONAL},  // order book directories
     {sfTakerGetsIssuer,      soeOPTIONAL},  // order book directories
+    {sfTakerGetsMPT,         soeOPTIONAL},  // order book directories
     {sfExchangeRate,         soeOPTIONAL},  // order book directories
     {sfIndexes,              soeREQUIRED},
     {sfRootIndex,            soeREQUIRED},

include/xrpl/protocol/detail/sfields.macro

@@ -159,6 +159,8 @@ TYPED_SFIELD(sfTakerGetsIssuer,          UINT160,    4)
 // 192-bit (common)
 TYPED_SFIELD(sfMPTokenIssuanceID,        UINT192,    1)
 TYPED_SFIELD(sfShareMPTID,               UINT192,    2)
+TYPED_SFIELD(sfTakerPaysMPT,             UINT192,    3)
+TYPED_SFIELD(sfTakerGetsMPT,             UINT192,    4)
 
 // 256-bit (common)
 TYPED_SFIELD(sfLedgerHash,               UINT256,    1)

include/xrpl/protocol/detail/transactions.macro

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 TRANSACTION(ttPAYMENT, 0, Payment,
     Delegation::delegable,
     uint256{},
-    createAcct,
+    createAcct | mayCreateMPT,
     ({
     {sfDestination, soeREQUIRED},
     {sfAmount, soeREQUIRED, soeMPTSupported},
@@ -129,10 +129,10 @@ TRANSACTION(ttREGULAR_KEY_SET, 5, SetRegularKey,
 TRANSACTION(ttOFFER_CREATE, 7, OfferCreate,
     Delegation::delegable,
     uint256{},
-    noPriv,
+    mayCreateMPT,
     ({
-    {sfTakerPays, soeREQUIRED},
-    {sfTakerGets, soeREQUIRED},
+    {sfTakerPays, soeREQUIRED, soeMPTSupported},
+    {sfTakerGets, soeREQUIRED, soeMPTSupported},
     {sfExpiration, soeOPTIONAL},
     {sfOfferSequence, soeOPTIONAL},
     {sfDomainID, soeOPTIONAL},
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttCHECK_CREATE, 16, CheckCreate,
     noPriv,
     ({
     {sfDestination, soeREQUIRED},
-    {sfSendMax, soeREQUIRED},
+    {sfSendMax, soeREQUIRED, soeMPTSupported},
     {sfExpiration, soeOPTIONAL},
     {sfDestinationTag, soeOPTIONAL},
     {sfInvoiceID, soeOPTIONAL},
@@ -252,11 +252,11 @@ TRANSACTION(ttCHECK_CREATE, 16, CheckCreate,
 TRANSACTION(ttCHECK_CASH, 17, CheckCash,
     Delegation::delegable,
     uint256{},
-    noPriv,
+    mayCreateMPT,
     ({
     {sfCheckID, soeREQUIRED},
-    {sfAmount, soeOPTIONAL},
-    {sfDeliverMin, soeOPTIONAL},
+    {sfAmount, soeOPTIONAL, soeMPTSupported},
+    {sfDeliverMin, soeOPTIONAL, soeMPTSupported},
 }))
 
 /** This transaction type cancels an existing check. */
@@ -409,12 +409,12 @@ TRANSACTION(ttCLAWBACK, 30, Clawback,
 TRANSACTION(ttAMM_CLAWBACK, 31, AMMClawback,
     Delegation::delegable,
     featureAMMClawback,
-    mayDeleteAcct | overrideFreeze,
+    mayDeleteAcct | overrideFreeze | mayAuthorizeMPT,
     ({
     {sfHolder, soeREQUIRED},
-    {sfAsset, soeREQUIRED},
-    {sfAsset2, soeREQUIRED},
-    {sfAmount, soeOPTIONAL},
+    {sfAsset, soeREQUIRED, soeMPTSupported},
+    {sfAsset2, soeREQUIRED, soeMPTSupported},
+    {sfAmount, soeOPTIONAL, soeMPTSupported},
 }))
 
 /** This transaction type creates an AMM instance */
@@ -424,10 +424,10 @@ TRANSACTION(ttAMM_CLAWBACK, 31, AMMClawback,
 TRANSACTION(ttAMM_CREATE, 35, AMMCreate,
     Delegation::delegable,
     featureAMM,
-    createPseudoAcct,
+    createPseudoAcct | mayCreateMPT,
     ({
-    {sfAmount, soeREQUIRED},
-    {sfAmount2, soeREQUIRED},
+    {sfAmount, soeREQUIRED, soeMPTSupported},
+    {sfAmount2, soeREQUIRED, soeMPTSupported},
     {sfTradingFee, soeREQUIRED},
 }))
 
@@ -440,10 +440,10 @@ TRANSACTION(ttAMM_DEPOSIT, 36, AMMDeposit,
     featureAMM,
     noPriv,
     ({
-    {sfAsset, soeREQUIRED},
-    {sfAsset2, soeREQUIRED},
-    {sfAmount, soeOPTIONAL},
-    {sfAmount2, soeOPTIONAL},
+    {sfAsset, soeREQUIRED, soeMPTSupported},
+    {sfAsset2, soeREQUIRED, soeMPTSupported},
+    {sfAmount, soeOPTIONAL, soeMPTSupported},
+    {sfAmount2, soeOPTIONAL, soeMPTSupported},
     {sfEPrice, soeOPTIONAL},
     {sfLPTokenOut, soeOPTIONAL},
     {sfTradingFee, soeOPTIONAL},
@@ -456,12 +456,12 @@ TRANSACTION(ttAMM_DEPOSIT, 36, AMMDeposit,
 TRANSACTION(ttAMM_WITHDRAW, 37, AMMWithdraw,
     Delegation::delegable,
     featureAMM,
-    mayDeleteAcct,
+    mayDeleteAcct | mayAuthorizeMPT,
     ({
-    {sfAsset, soeREQUIRED},
-    {sfAsset2, soeREQUIRED},
-    {sfAmount, soeOPTIONAL},
-    {sfAmount2, soeOPTIONAL},
+    {sfAsset, soeREQUIRED, soeMPTSupported},
+    {sfAsset2, soeREQUIRED, soeMPTSupported},
+    {sfAmount, soeOPTIONAL, soeMPTSupported},
+    {sfAmount2, soeOPTIONAL, soeMPTSupported},
     {sfEPrice, soeOPTIONAL},
     {sfLPTokenIn, soeOPTIONAL},
 }))
@@ -475,8 +475,8 @@ TRANSACTION(ttAMM_VOTE, 38, AMMVote,
     featureAMM,
     noPriv,
     ({
-    {sfAsset, soeREQUIRED},
-    {sfAsset2, soeREQUIRED},
+    {sfAsset, soeREQUIRED, soeMPTSupported},
+    {sfAsset2, soeREQUIRED, soeMPTSupported},
     {sfTradingFee, soeREQUIRED},
 }))
 
@@ -489,8 +489,8 @@ TRANSACTION(ttAMM_BID, 39, AMMBid,
     featureAMM,
     noPriv,
     ({
-    {sfAsset, soeREQUIRED},
-    {sfAsset2, soeREQUIRED},
+    {sfAsset, soeREQUIRED, soeMPTSupported},
+    {sfAsset2, soeREQUIRED, soeMPTSupported},
     {sfBidMin, soeOPTIONAL},
     {sfBidMax, soeOPTIONAL},
     {sfAuthAccounts, soeOPTIONAL},
@@ -503,10 +503,10 @@ TRANSACTION(ttAMM_BID, 39, AMMBid,
 TRANSACTION(ttAMM_DELETE, 40, AMMDelete,
     Delegation::delegable,
     featureAMM,
-    mustDeleteAcct,
+    mustDeleteAcct | mayDeleteMPT,
     ({
-    {sfAsset, soeREQUIRED},
-    {sfAsset2, soeREQUIRED},
+    {sfAsset, soeREQUIRED, soeMPTSupported},
+    {sfAsset2, soeREQUIRED, soeMPTSupported},
 }))
 
 /** This transactions creates a crosschain sequence number */

include/xrpl/protocol/jss.h

@@ -401,6 +401,8 @@ JSS(min_ledger);                  // in: LedgerCleaner
 JSS(minimum_fee);                 // out: TxQ
 JSS(minimum_level);               // out: TxQ
 JSS(missingCommand);              // error
+JSS(mpt_issuance_id_a);           // out: BookChanges
+JSS(mpt_issuance_id_b);           // out: BookChanges
 JSS(name);                        // out: AmendmentTableImpl, PeerImp
 JSS(needed_state_hashes);         // out: InboundLedger
 JSS(needed_transaction_hashes);   // out: InboundLedger

include/xrpl/protocol_autogen/ledger_entries/DirectoryNode.h

@@ -117,6 +117,30 @@ public:
         return this->sle_->isFieldPresent(sfTakerPaysIssuer);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @brief Get sfTakerPaysMPT (soeOPTIONAL)
+     * @return The field value, or std::nullopt if not present.
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]]
+    protocol_autogen::Optional<SF_UINT192::type::value_type>
+    getTakerPaysMPT() const
+    {
+        if (hasTakerPaysMPT())
+            return this->sle_->at(sfTakerPaysMPT);
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Check if sfTakerPaysMPT is present.
+     * @return True if the field is present, false otherwise.
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]]
+    bool
+    hasTakerPaysMPT() const
+    {
+        return this->sle_->isFieldPresent(sfTakerPaysMPT);
+    }
+
     /**
      * @brief Get sfTakerGetsCurrency (soeOPTIONAL)
      * @return The field value, or std::nullopt if not present.
@@ -165,6 +189,30 @@ public:
         return this->sle_->isFieldPresent(sfTakerGetsIssuer);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @brief Get sfTakerGetsMPT (soeOPTIONAL)
+     * @return The field value, or std::nullopt if not present.
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]]
+    protocol_autogen::Optional<SF_UINT192::type::value_type>
+    getTakerGetsMPT() const
+    {
+        if (hasTakerGetsMPT())
+            return this->sle_->at(sfTakerGetsMPT);
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Check if sfTakerGetsMPT is present.
+     * @return True if the field is present, false otherwise.
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]]
+    bool
+    hasTakerGetsMPT() const
+    {
+        return this->sle_->isFieldPresent(sfTakerGetsMPT);
+    }
+
     /**
      * @brief Get sfExchangeRate (soeOPTIONAL)
      * @return The field value, or std::nullopt if not present.
@@ -427,6 +475,17 @@ public:
         return *this;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @brief Set sfTakerPaysMPT (soeOPTIONAL)
+     * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
+     */
+    DirectoryNodeBuilder&
+    setTakerPaysMPT(std::decay_t<typename SF_UINT192::type::value_type> const& value)
+    {
+        object_[sfTakerPaysMPT] = value;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
     /**
      * @brief Set sfTakerGetsCurrency (soeOPTIONAL)
      * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
@@ -449,6 +508,17 @@ public:
         return *this;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @brief Set sfTakerGetsMPT (soeOPTIONAL)
+     * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
+     */
+    DirectoryNodeBuilder&
+    setTakerGetsMPT(std::decay_t<typename SF_UINT192::type::value_type> const& value)
+    {
+        object_[sfTakerGetsMPT] = value;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
     /**
      * @brief Set sfExchangeRate (soeOPTIONAL)
      * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.

include/xrpl/protocol_autogen/transactions/AMMBid.h

@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Get sfAsset (soeREQUIRED)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return The field value.
      */
     [[nodiscard]]
@@ -60,6 +61,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Get sfAsset2 (soeREQUIRED)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return The field value.
      */
     [[nodiscard]]
@@ -192,6 +194,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Set sfAsset (soeREQUIRED)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
      */
     AMMBidBuilder&
@@ -203,6 +206,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Set sfAsset2 (soeREQUIRED)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
      */
     AMMBidBuilder&

include/xrpl/protocol_autogen/transactions/AMMClawback.h

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ class AMMClawbackBuilder;
  * Type: ttAMM_CLAWBACK (31)
  * Delegable: Delegation::delegable
  * Amendment: featureAMMClawback
- * Privileges: mayDeleteAcct | overrideFreeze
+ * Privileges: mayDeleteAcct | overrideFreeze | mayAuthorizeMPT
  *
  * Immutable wrapper around STTx providing type-safe field access.
  * Use AMMClawbackBuilder to construct new transactions.
@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Get sfAsset (soeREQUIRED)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return The field value.
      */
     [[nodiscard]]
@@ -71,6 +72,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Get sfAsset2 (soeREQUIRED)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return The field value.
      */
     [[nodiscard]]
@@ -82,6 +84,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Get sfAmount (soeOPTIONAL)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return The field value, or std::nullopt if not present.
      */
     [[nodiscard]]
@@ -166,6 +169,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Set sfAsset (soeREQUIRED)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
      */
     AMMClawbackBuilder&
@@ -177,6 +181,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Set sfAsset2 (soeREQUIRED)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
      */
     AMMClawbackBuilder&
@@ -188,6 +193,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Set sfAmount (soeOPTIONAL)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
      */
     AMMClawbackBuilder&

include/xrpl/protocol_autogen/transactions/AMMCreate.h

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ class AMMCreateBuilder;
  * Type: ttAMM_CREATE (35)
  * Delegable: Delegation::delegable
  * Amendment: featureAMM
- * Privileges: createPseudoAcct
+ * Privileges: createPseudoAcct | mayCreateMPT
  *
  * Immutable wrapper around STTx providing type-safe field access.
  * Use AMMCreateBuilder to construct new transactions.
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Get sfAmount (soeREQUIRED)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return The field value.
      */
     [[nodiscard]]
@@ -60,6 +61,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Get sfAmount2 (soeREQUIRED)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return The field value.
      */
     [[nodiscard]]
@@ -129,6 +131,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Set sfAmount (soeREQUIRED)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
      */
     AMMCreateBuilder&
@@ -140,6 +143,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Set sfAmount2 (soeREQUIRED)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
      */
     AMMCreateBuilder&

include/xrpl/protocol_autogen/transactions/AMMDelete.h

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ class AMMDeleteBuilder;
  * Type: ttAMM_DELETE (40)
  * Delegable: Delegation::delegable
  * Amendment: featureAMM
- * Privileges: mustDeleteAcct
+ * Privileges: mustDeleteAcct | mayDeleteMPT
  *
  * Immutable wrapper around STTx providing type-safe field access.
  * Use AMMDeleteBuilder to construct new transactions.
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Get sfAsset (soeREQUIRED)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return The field value.
      */
     [[nodiscard]]
@@ -60,6 +61,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Get sfAsset2 (soeREQUIRED)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return The field value.
      */
     [[nodiscard]]
@@ -116,6 +118,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Set sfAsset (soeREQUIRED)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
      */
     AMMDeleteBuilder&
@@ -127,6 +130,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Set sfAsset2 (soeREQUIRED)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
      */
     AMMDeleteBuilder&

include/xrpl/protocol_autogen/transactions/AMMDeposit.h

@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Get sfAsset (soeREQUIRED)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return The field value.
      */
     [[nodiscard]]
@@ -60,6 +61,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Get sfAsset2 (soeREQUIRED)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return The field value.
      */
     [[nodiscard]]
@@ -71,6 +73,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Get sfAmount (soeOPTIONAL)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return The field value, or std::nullopt if not present.
      */
     [[nodiscard]]
@@ -97,6 +100,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Get sfAmount2 (soeOPTIONAL)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return The field value, or std::nullopt if not present.
      */
     [[nodiscard]]
@@ -246,6 +250,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Set sfAsset (soeREQUIRED)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
      */
     AMMDepositBuilder&
@@ -257,6 +262,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Set sfAsset2 (soeREQUIRED)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
      */
     AMMDepositBuilder&
@@ -268,6 +274,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Set sfAmount (soeOPTIONAL)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
      */
     AMMDepositBuilder&
@@ -279,6 +286,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Set sfAmount2 (soeOPTIONAL)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
      */
     AMMDepositBuilder&

include/xrpl/protocol_autogen/transactions/AMMVote.h

@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Get sfAsset (soeREQUIRED)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return The field value.
      */
     [[nodiscard]]
@@ -60,6 +61,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Get sfAsset2 (soeREQUIRED)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return The field value.
      */
     [[nodiscard]]
@@ -129,6 +131,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Set sfAsset (soeREQUIRED)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
      */
     AMMVoteBuilder&
@@ -140,6 +143,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Set sfAsset2 (soeREQUIRED)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
      */
     AMMVoteBuilder&

include/xrpl/protocol_autogen/transactions/AMMWithdraw.h

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ class AMMWithdrawBuilder;
  * Type: ttAMM_WITHDRAW (37)
  * Delegable: Delegation::delegable
  * Amendment: featureAMM
- * Privileges: mayDeleteAcct
+ * Privileges: mayDeleteAcct | mayAuthorizeMPT
  *
  * Immutable wrapper around STTx providing type-safe field access.
  * Use AMMWithdrawBuilder to construct new transactions.
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Get sfAsset (soeREQUIRED)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return The field value.
      */
     [[nodiscard]]
@@ -60,6 +61,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Get sfAsset2 (soeREQUIRED)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return The field value.
      */
     [[nodiscard]]
@@ -71,6 +73,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Get sfAmount (soeOPTIONAL)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return The field value, or std::nullopt if not present.
      */
     [[nodiscard]]
@@ -97,6 +100,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Get sfAmount2 (soeOPTIONAL)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return The field value, or std::nullopt if not present.
      */
     [[nodiscard]]
@@ -220,6 +224,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Set sfAsset (soeREQUIRED)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
      */
     AMMWithdrawBuilder&
@@ -231,6 +236,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Set sfAsset2 (soeREQUIRED)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
      */
     AMMWithdrawBuilder&
@@ -242,6 +248,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Set sfAmount (soeOPTIONAL)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
      */
     AMMWithdrawBuilder&
@@ -253,6 +260,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Set sfAmount2 (soeOPTIONAL)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
      */
     AMMWithdrawBuilder&

include/xrpl/protocol_autogen/transactions/CheckCash.h

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ class CheckCashBuilder;
  * Type: ttCHECK_CASH (17)
  * Delegable: Delegation::delegable
  * Amendment: uint256{}
- * Privileges: noPriv
+ * Privileges: mayCreateMPT
  *
  * Immutable wrapper around STTx providing type-safe field access.
  * Use CheckCashBuilder to construct new transactions.
@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Get sfAmount (soeOPTIONAL)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return The field value, or std::nullopt if not present.
      */
     [[nodiscard]]
@@ -86,6 +87,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Get sfDeliverMin (soeOPTIONAL)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return The field value, or std::nullopt if not present.
      */
     [[nodiscard]]
@@ -166,6 +168,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Set sfAmount (soeOPTIONAL)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
      */
     CheckCashBuilder&
@@ -177,6 +180,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Set sfDeliverMin (soeOPTIONAL)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
      */
     CheckCashBuilder&

include/xrpl/protocol_autogen/transactions/CheckCreate.h

@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Get sfSendMax (soeREQUIRED)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return The field value.
      */
     [[nodiscard]]
@@ -205,6 +206,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Set sfSendMax (soeREQUIRED)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
      */
     CheckCreateBuilder&

include/xrpl/protocol_autogen/transactions/OfferCreate.h

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ class OfferCreateBuilder;
  * Type: ttOFFER_CREATE (7)
  * Delegable: Delegation::delegable
  * Amendment: uint256{}
- * Privileges: noPriv
+ * Privileges: mayCreateMPT
  *
  * Immutable wrapper around STTx providing type-safe field access.
  * Use OfferCreateBuilder to construct new transactions.
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Get sfTakerPays (soeREQUIRED)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return The field value.
      */
     [[nodiscard]]
@@ -60,6 +61,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Get sfTakerGets (soeREQUIRED)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return The field value.
      */
     [[nodiscard]]
@@ -194,6 +196,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Set sfTakerPays (soeREQUIRED)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
      */
     OfferCreateBuilder&
@@ -205,6 +208,7 @@ public:
 
     /**
      * @brief Set sfTakerGets (soeREQUIRED)
+     * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
      * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
      */
     OfferCreateBuilder&

include/xrpl/protocol_autogen/transactions/Payment.h

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ class PaymentBuilder;
  * Type: ttPAYMENT (0)
  * Delegable: Delegation::delegable
  * Amendment: uint256{}
- * Privileges: createAcct
+ * Privileges: createAcct | mayCreateMPT
  *
  * Immutable wrapper around STTx providing type-safe field access.
  * Use PaymentBuilder to construct new transactions.

include/xrpl/tx/invariants/InvariantCheck.h

@@ -398,7 +398,8 @@ using InvariantChecks = std::tuple<
     ValidPseudoAccounts,
     ValidLoanBroker,
     ValidLoan,
-    ValidVault>;
+    ValidVault,
+    ValidMPTPayment>;
 
 /**
  * @brief get a tuple of all invariant checks

include/xrpl/tx/invariants/InvariantCheckPrivilege.h

@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ enum Privilege {
     mayDeleteMPT = 0x0400,        // The transaction MAY delete an MPT object. May not create.
     mustModifyVault = 0x0800,     // The transaction must modify, delete or create, a vault
     mayModifyVault = 0x1000,      // The transaction MAY modify, delete or create, a vault
+    mayCreateMPT = 0x2000,        // The transaction MAY create an MPT object, except for issuer.
 };
 
 constexpr Privilege

include/xrpl/tx/invariants/MPTInvariant.h

@@ -28,4 +28,32 @@ public:
     finalize(STTx const&, TER const, XRPAmount const, ReadView const&, beast::Journal const&) const;
 };
 
+/** Verify:
+ *    - OutstandingAmount <= MaximumAmount for any MPT
+ *    - OutstandingAmount after = OutstandingAmount before +
+ *         sum (MPT after - MPT before) - this is total MPT credit/debit
+ */
+class ValidMPTPayment
+{
+    enum Order { Before = 0, After = 1 };
+    struct MPTData
+    {
+        std::array<std::int64_t, After + 1> outstanding{};
+        // sum (MPT after - MPT before)
+        std::int64_t mptAmount{0};
+    };
+
+    // true if OutstandingAmount > MaximumAmount in after for any MPT
+    bool overflow_{false};
+    // mptid:MPTData
+    hash_map<uint192, MPTData> data_;
+
+public:
+    void
+    visitEntry(bool, std::shared_ptr<SLE const> const&, std::shared_ptr<SLE const> const&);
+
+    bool
+    finalize(STTx const&, TER const, XRPAmount const, ReadView const&, beast::Journal const&);
+};
+
 }  // namespace xrpl

include/xrpl/tx/paths/AMMLiquidity.h

@@ -5,12 +5,13 @@
 #include <xrpl/ledger/View.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/helpers/AMMHelpers.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/helpers/AMMUtils.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/Concepts.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Quality.h>
 #include <xrpl/tx/transactors/dex/AMMContext.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 
-template <typename TIn, typename TOut>
+template <StepAmount TIn, StepAmount TOut>
 class AMMOffer;
 
 /** AMMLiquidity class provides AMM offers to BookStep class.
@@ -35,8 +36,8 @@ private:
     AMMContext& ammContext_;
     AccountID const ammAccountID_;
     std::uint32_t const tradingFee_;
-    Issue const issueIn_;
-    Issue const issueOut_;
+    Asset const assetIn_;
+    Asset const assetOut_;
     // Initial AMM pool balances
     TAmounts<TIn, TOut> const initialBalances_;
     beast::Journal const j_;
@@ -46,8 +47,8 @@ public:
         ReadView const& view,
         AccountID const& ammAccountID,
         std::uint32_t tradingFee,
-        Issue const& in,
-        Issue const& out,
+        Asset const& in,
+        Asset const& out,
         AMMContext& ammContext,
         beast::Journal j);
     ~AMMLiquidity() = default;
@@ -87,16 +88,16 @@ public:
         return ammContext_;
     }
 
-    Issue const&
-    issueIn() const
+    Asset const&
+    assetIn() const
     {
-        return issueIn_;
+        return assetIn_;
     }
 
-    Issue const&
-    issueOut() const
+    Asset const&
+    assetOut() const
     {
-        return issueOut_;
+        return assetOut_;
     }
 
 private:

include/xrpl/tx/paths/AMMOffer.h

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #include <xrpl/ledger/ApplyView.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/View.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/helpers/TokenHelpers.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/Concepts.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Quality.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/TER.h>
 
@@ -16,7 +17,7 @@ class QualityFunction;
  * methods for use in generic BookStep methods. AMMOffer amounts
  * are changed indirectly in BookStep limiting steps.
  */
-template <typename TIn, typename TOut>
+template <StepAmount TIn, StepAmount TOut>
 class AMMOffer
 {
 private:
@@ -52,8 +53,11 @@ public:
         return quality_;
     }
 
-    Issue const&
-    issueIn() const;
+    Asset const&
+    assetIn() const;
+
+    Asset const&
+    assetOut() const;
 
     AccountID const&
     owner() const;
@@ -99,7 +103,8 @@ public:
     static TER
     send(Args&&... args)
     {
-        return accountSend(std::forward<Args>(args)..., WaiveTransferFee::Yes);
+        return accountSend(
+            std::forward<Args>(args)..., WaiveTransferFee::Yes, AllowMPTOverflow::Yes);
     }
 
     bool

include/xrpl/tx/paths/Offer.h

@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@
 #include <xrpl/basics/Log.h>
 #include <xrpl/basics/contract.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/View.h>
+#include <xrpl/ledger/helpers/TokenHelpers.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/Concepts.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Quality.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Rules.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/SField.h>
@@ -12,28 +14,15 @@
 
 namespace xrpl {
 
-template <class TIn, class TOut>
-class TOfferBase
-{
-protected:
-    Issue issIn_;
-    Issue issOut_;
-};
-
-template <>
-class TOfferBase<STAmount, STAmount>
-{
-public:
-    explicit TOfferBase() = default;
-};
-
-template <class TIn = STAmount, class TOut = STAmount>
-class TOffer : private TOfferBase<TIn, TOut>
+template <StepAmount TIn, StepAmount TOut>
+class TOffer
 {
 private:
     SLE::pointer m_entry;
     Quality m_quality{};
     AccountID m_account;
+    Asset assetIn_;
+    Asset assetOut_;
 
     TAmounts<TIn, TOut> m_amounts{};
     void
@@ -113,10 +102,10 @@ public:
         return m_entry->key();
     }
 
-    Issue const&
-    issueIn() const;
-    Issue const&
-    issueOut() const;
+    Asset const&
+    assetIn() const;
+    Asset const&
+    assetOut() const;
 
     TAmounts<TIn, TOut>
     limitOut(TAmounts<TIn, TOut> const& offerAmount, TOut const& limit, bool roundUp) const;
@@ -131,8 +120,8 @@ public:
     bool
     isFunded() const
     {
-        // Offer owner is issuer; they have unlimited funds
-        return m_account == issueOut().account;
+        // Offer owner is issuer; they have unlimited funds if IOU
+        return m_account == assetOut_.getIssuer() && assetOut_.holds<Issue>();
     }
 
     static std::pair<std::uint32_t, std::uint32_t>
@@ -167,9 +156,7 @@ public:
     }
 };
 
-using Offer = TOffer<>;
-
-template <class TIn, class TOut>
+template <StepAmount TIn, StepAmount TOut>
 TOffer<TIn, TOut>::TOffer(SLE::pointer const& entry, Quality quality)
     : m_entry(entry), m_quality(quality), m_account(m_entry->getAccountID(sfAccount))
 {
@@ -177,33 +164,26 @@ TOffer<TIn, TOut>::TOffer(SLE::pointer const& entry, Quality quality)
     auto const tg = m_entry->getFieldAmount(sfTakerGets);
     m_amounts.in = toAmount<TIn>(tp);
     m_amounts.out = toAmount<TOut>(tg);
-    this->issIn_ = tp.issue();
-    this->issOut_ = tg.issue();
+    assetIn_ = tp.asset();
+    assetOut_ = tg.asset();
 }
 
-template <>
-inline TOffer<STAmount, STAmount>::TOffer(SLE::pointer const& entry, Quality quality)
-    : m_entry(entry)
-    , m_quality(quality)
-    , m_account(m_entry->getAccountID(sfAccount))
-    , m_amounts(m_entry->getFieldAmount(sfTakerPays), m_entry->getFieldAmount(sfTakerGets))
-{
-}
-
-template <class TIn, class TOut>
+template <StepAmount TIn, StepAmount TOut>
 void
 TOffer<TIn, TOut>::setFieldAmounts()
 {
-    // LCOV_EXCL_START
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-    UNREACHABLE("xrpl::TOffer::setFieldAmounts : must be specialized");
-#else
-    static_assert(sizeof(TOut) == -1, "Must be specialized");
-#endif
-    // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
+    if constexpr (std::is_same_v<TIn, XRPAmount>)
+        m_entry->setFieldAmount(sfTakerPays, toSTAmount(m_amounts.in));
+    else
+        m_entry->setFieldAmount(sfTakerPays, toSTAmount(m_amounts.in, assetIn_));
+
+    if constexpr (std::is_same_v<TOut, XRPAmount>)
+        m_entry->setFieldAmount(sfTakerGets, toSTAmount(m_amounts.out));
+    else
+        m_entry->setFieldAmount(sfTakerGets, toSTAmount(m_amounts.out, assetOut_));
 }
 
-template <class TIn, class TOut>
+template <StepAmount TIn, StepAmount TOut>
 TAmounts<TIn, TOut>
 TOffer<TIn, TOut>::limitOut(TAmounts<TIn, TOut> const& offerAmount, TOut const& limit, bool roundUp)
     const
@@ -213,7 +193,7 @@ TOffer<TIn, TOut>::limitOut(TAmounts<TIn, TOut> const& offerAmount, TOut const&
     return quality().ceil_out_strict(offerAmount, limit, roundUp);
 }
 
-template <class TIn, class TOut>
+template <StepAmount TIn, StepAmount TOut>
 TAmounts<TIn, TOut>
 TOffer<TIn, TOut>::limitIn(TAmounts<TIn, TOut> const& offerAmount, TIn const& limit, bool roundUp)
     const
@@ -228,75 +208,29 @@ TOffer<TIn, TOut>::limitIn(TAmounts<TIn, TOut> const& offerAmount, TIn const& li
     return m_quality.ceil_in(offerAmount, limit);
 }
 
-template <class TIn, class TOut>
+template <StepAmount TIn, StepAmount TOut>
 template <typename... Args>
 TER
 TOffer<TIn, TOut>::send(Args&&... args)
 {
-    return accountSend(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+    return accountSend(std::forward<Args>(args)..., WaiveTransferFee::No, AllowMPTOverflow::Yes);
 }
 
-template <>
-inline void
-TOffer<STAmount, STAmount>::setFieldAmounts()
+template <StepAmount TIn, StepAmount TOut>
+Asset const&
+TOffer<TIn, TOut>::assetIn() const
 {
-    m_entry->setFieldAmount(sfTakerPays, m_amounts.in);
-    m_entry->setFieldAmount(sfTakerGets, m_amounts.out);
+    return assetIn_;
 }
 
-template <>
-inline void
-TOffer<IOUAmount, IOUAmount>::setFieldAmounts()
+template <StepAmount TIn, StepAmount TOut>
+Asset const&
+TOffer<TIn, TOut>::assetOut() const
 {
-    m_entry->setFieldAmount(sfTakerPays, toSTAmount(m_amounts.in, issIn_));
-    m_entry->setFieldAmount(sfTakerGets, toSTAmount(m_amounts.out, issOut_));
+    return assetOut_;
 }
 
-template <>
-inline void
-TOffer<IOUAmount, XRPAmount>::setFieldAmounts()
-{
-    m_entry->setFieldAmount(sfTakerPays, toSTAmount(m_amounts.in, issIn_));
-    m_entry->setFieldAmount(sfTakerGets, toSTAmount(m_amounts.out));
-}
-
-template <>
-inline void
-TOffer<XRPAmount, IOUAmount>::setFieldAmounts()
-{
-    m_entry->setFieldAmount(sfTakerPays, toSTAmount(m_amounts.in));
-    m_entry->setFieldAmount(sfTakerGets, toSTAmount(m_amounts.out, issOut_));
-}
-
-template <class TIn, class TOut>
-Issue const&
-TOffer<TIn, TOut>::issueIn() const
-{
-    return this->issIn_;
-}
-
-template <>
-inline Issue const&
-TOffer<STAmount, STAmount>::issueIn() const
-{
-    return m_amounts.in.issue();
-}
-
-template <class TIn, class TOut>
-Issue const&
-TOffer<TIn, TOut>::issueOut() const
-{
-    return this->issOut_;
-}
-
-template <>
-inline Issue const&
-TOffer<STAmount, STAmount>::issueOut() const
-{
-    return m_amounts.out.issue();
-}
-
-template <class TIn, class TOut>
+template <StepAmount TIn, StepAmount TOut>
 inline std::ostream&
 operator<<(std::ostream& os, TOffer<TIn, TOut> const& offer)
 {

include/xrpl/tx/paths/OfferStream.h

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #include <xrpl/basics/chrono.h>
 #include <xrpl/beast/utility/Journal.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/View.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/Concepts.h>
 #include <xrpl/tx/paths/BookTip.h>
 #include <xrpl/tx/paths/Offer.h>
 
@@ -11,7 +12,7 @@
 
 namespace xrpl {
 
-template <class TIn, class TOut>
+template <StepAmount TIn, StepAmount TOut>
 class TOfferStreamBase
 {
 public:
@@ -64,6 +65,7 @@ protected:
     permRmOffer(uint256 const& offerIndex) = 0;
 
     template <class TTakerPays, class TTakerGets>
+        requires ValidTaker<TTakerPays, TTakerGets>
     bool
     shouldRmSmallIncreasedQOffer() const;
 
@@ -105,33 +107,6 @@ public:
     }
 };
 
-/** Presents and consumes the offers in an order book.
-
-    Two `ApplyView` objects accumulate changes to the ledger. `view`
-    is applied when the calling transaction succeeds. If the calling
-    transaction fails, then `view_cancel` is applied.
-
-    Certain invalid offers are automatically removed:
-    - Offers with missing ledger entries
-    - Offers that expired
-    - Offers found unfunded:
-    An offer is found unfunded when the corresponding balance is zero
-    and the caller has not modified the balance. This is accomplished
-    by also looking up the balance in the cancel view.
-
-    When an offer is removed, it is removed from both views. This grooms the
-    order book regardless of whether or not the transaction is successful.
-*/
-class OfferStream : public TOfferStreamBase<STAmount, STAmount>
-{
-protected:
-    void
-    permRmOffer(uint256 const& offerIndex) override;
-
-public:
-    using TOfferStreamBase<STAmount, STAmount>::TOfferStreamBase;
-};
-
 /** Presents and consumes the offers in an order book.
 
     The `view_' ` `ApplyView` accumulates changes to the ledger.
@@ -149,7 +124,7 @@ public:
     and the caller has not modified the balance. This is accomplished
     by also looking up the balance in the cancel view.
 */
-template <class TIn, class TOut>
+template <StepAmount TIn, StepAmount TOut>
 class FlowOfferStream : public TOfferStreamBase<TIn, TOut>
 {
 private:

include/xrpl/tx/paths/detail/AmountSpec.h

@@ -1,198 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include <xrpl/protocol/IOUAmount.h>
-#include <xrpl/protocol/STAmount.h>
-#include <xrpl/protocol/XRPAmount.h>
-
-#include <optional>
-
-namespace xrpl {
-
-struct AmountSpec
-{
-    explicit AmountSpec() = default;
-
-    bool native{};
-    union
-    {
-        XRPAmount xrp;
-        IOUAmount iou = {};
-    };
-    std::optional<AccountID> issuer;
-    std::optional<Currency> currency;
-
-    friend std::ostream&
-    operator<<(std::ostream& stream, AmountSpec const& amt)
-    {
-        if (amt.native)
-            stream << to_string(amt.xrp);
-        else
-            stream << to_string(amt.iou);
-        if (amt.currency)
-            stream << "/(" << *amt.currency << ")";
-        if (amt.issuer)
-            stream << "/" << *amt.issuer << "";
-        return stream;
-    }
-};
-
-struct EitherAmount
-{
-#ifndef NDEBUG
-    bool native = false;
-#endif
-
-    union
-    {
-        IOUAmount iou = {};
-        XRPAmount xrp;
-    };
-
-    EitherAmount() = default;
-
-    explicit EitherAmount(IOUAmount const& a) : iou(a)
-    {
-    }
-
-#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__clang__)
-#pragma GCC diagnostic push
-    // ignore warning about half of iou amount being uninitialized
-#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wmaybe-uninitialized"
-#endif
-    explicit EitherAmount(XRPAmount const& a) : xrp(a)
-    {
-#ifndef NDEBUG
-        native = true;
-#endif
-    }
-#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__clang__)
-#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
-#endif
-
-    explicit EitherAmount(AmountSpec const& a)
-    {
-#ifndef NDEBUG
-        native = a.native;
-#endif
-        if (a.native)
-            xrp = a.xrp;
-        else
-            iou = a.iou;
-    }
-
-#ifndef NDEBUG
-    friend std::ostream&
-    operator<<(std::ostream& stream, EitherAmount const& amt)
-    {
-        if (amt.native)
-            stream << to_string(amt.xrp);
-        else
-            stream << to_string(amt.iou);
-        return stream;
-    }
-#endif
-};
-
-template <class T>
-T&
-get(EitherAmount& amt)
-{
-    static_assert(sizeof(T) == -1, "Must used specialized function");
-    return T(0);
-}
-
-template <>
-inline IOUAmount&
-get<IOUAmount>(EitherAmount& amt)
-{
-    XRPL_ASSERT(!amt.native, "xrpl::get<IOUAmount>(EitherAmount&) : is not XRP");
-    return amt.iou;
-}
-
-template <>
-inline XRPAmount&
-get<XRPAmount>(EitherAmount& amt)
-{
-    XRPL_ASSERT(amt.native, "xrpl::get<XRPAmount>(EitherAmount&) : is XRP");
-    return amt.xrp;
-}
-
-template <class T>
-T const&
-get(EitherAmount const& amt)
-{
-    static_assert(sizeof(T) == -1, "Must used specialized function");
-    return T(0);
-}
-
-template <>
-inline IOUAmount const&
-get<IOUAmount>(EitherAmount const& amt)
-{
-    XRPL_ASSERT(!amt.native, "xrpl::get<IOUAmount>(EitherAmount const&) : is not XRP");
-    return amt.iou;
-}
-
-template <>
-inline XRPAmount const&
-get<XRPAmount>(EitherAmount const& amt)
-{
-    XRPL_ASSERT(amt.native, "xrpl::get<XRPAmount>(EitherAmount const&) : is XRP");
-    return amt.xrp;
-}
-
-inline AmountSpec
-toAmountSpec(STAmount const& amt)
-{
-    XRPL_ASSERT(
-        amt.mantissa() < std::numeric_limits<std::int64_t>::max(),
-        "xrpl::toAmountSpec(STAmount const&) : maximum mantissa");
-    bool const isNeg = amt.negative();
-    std::int64_t const sMant = isNeg ? -std::int64_t(amt.mantissa()) : amt.mantissa();
-    AmountSpec result;
-
-    result.native = isXRP(amt);
-    if (result.native)
-    {
-        result.xrp = XRPAmount(sMant);
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        result.iou = IOUAmount(sMant, amt.exponent());
-        result.issuer = amt.issue().account;
-        result.currency = amt.issue().currency;
-    }
-
-    return result;
-}
-
-inline EitherAmount
-toEitherAmount(STAmount const& amt)
-{
-    if (isXRP(amt))
-        return EitherAmount{amt.xrp()};
-    return EitherAmount{amt.iou()};
-}
-
-inline AmountSpec
-toAmountSpec(EitherAmount const& ea, std::optional<Currency> const& c)
-{
-    AmountSpec r;
-    r.native = (!c || isXRP(*c));
-    r.currency = c;
-    XRPL_ASSERT(
-        ea.native == r.native,
-        "xrpl::toAmountSpec(EitherAmount const&&, std::optional<Currency>) : "
-        "matching native");
-    if (r.native)
-    {
-        r.xrp = ea.xrp;
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        r.iou = ea.iou;
-    }
-    return r;
-}
-
-}  // namespace xrpl

include/xrpl/tx/paths/detail/EitherAmount.h

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <xrpl/protocol/Concepts.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/IOUAmount.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/STAmount.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/XRPAmount.h>
+
+namespace xrpl {
+
+struct EitherAmount
+{
+    std::variant<XRPAmount, IOUAmount, MPTAmount> amount;
+
+    explicit EitherAmount() = default;
+
+    template <StepAmount T>
+    explicit EitherAmount(T const& a) : amount(a)
+    {
+    }
+
+    template <StepAmount T>
+    [[nodiscard]] bool
+    holds() const
+    {
+        return std::holds_alternative<T>(amount);
+    }
+
+    template <StepAmount T>
+    [[nodiscard]] T const&
+    get() const
+    {
+        if (!holds<T>())
+            Throw<std::logic_error>("EitherAmount doesn't hold requested amount");
+        return std::get<T>(amount);
+    }
+
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+    friend std::ostream&
+    operator<<(std::ostream& stream, EitherAmount const& amt)
+    {
+        std::visit([&]<StepAmount T>(T const& a) { stream << to_string(a); }, amt.amount);
+        return stream;
+    }
+#endif
+};
+
+template <StepAmount T>
+T const&
+get(EitherAmount const& amt)
+{
+    return amt.get<T>();
+}
+
+}  // namespace xrpl

include/xrpl/tx/paths/detail/FlowDebugInfo.h

@@ -208,14 +208,14 @@ struct FlowDebugInfo
             auto writeXrpAmtList = [&write_list](
                                        std::vector<EitherAmount> const& amts, char delim = ';') {
                 auto get_val = [](EitherAmount const& a) -> std::string {
-                    return xrpl::to_string(a.xrp);
+                    return xrpl::to_string(a.get<XRPAmount>());
                 };
                 write_list(amts, get_val, delim);
             };
             auto writeIouAmtList = [&write_list](
                                        std::vector<EitherAmount> const& amts, char delim = ';') {
                 auto get_val = [](EitherAmount const& a) -> std::string {
-                    return xrpl::to_string(a.iou);
+                    return xrpl::to_string(a.get<IOUAmount>());
                 };
                 write_list(amts, get_val, delim);
             };

include/xrpl/tx/paths/detail/StepChecks.h

@@ -50,8 +50,7 @@ checkFreeze(
             if (!sleAmm)
                 return tecINTERNAL;  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
 
-            if (isLPTokenFrozen(
-                    view, src, (*sleAmm)[sfAsset].get<Issue>(), (*sleAmm)[sfAsset2].get<Issue>()))
+            if (isLPTokenFrozen(view, src, (*sleAmm)[sfAsset], (*sleAmm)[sfAsset2]))
             {
                 return terNO_LINE;
             }

include/xrpl/tx/paths/detail/Steps.h

@@ -2,11 +2,11 @@
 
 #include <xrpl/basics/Log.h>
 #include <xrpl/basics/base_uint.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/Concepts.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Quality.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/QualityFunction.h>
-#include <xrpl/protocol/STLedgerEntry.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/TER.h>
-#include <xrpl/tx/paths/detail/AmountSpec.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/paths/detail/EitherAmount.h>
 
 #include <boost/container/flat_set.hpp>
 
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ issues(DebtDirection dir)
      BookStepIX is an IOU/XRP offer book
      BookStepXI is an XRP/IOU offer book
      XRPEndpointStep is the source or destination account for XRP
+     MPTEndpointStep is the source or destination account for MPT
 
    Amounts may be transformed through a step in either the forward or the
    reverse direction. In the forward direction, the function `fwd` is used to
@@ -339,8 +340,8 @@ std::pair<TER, STPath>
 normalizePath(
     AccountID const& src,
     AccountID const& dst,
-    Issue const& deliver,
-    std::optional<Issue> const& sendMaxIssue,
+    Asset const& deliver,
+    std::optional<Asset> const& sendMaxAsset,
     STPath const& path);
 
 /**
@@ -355,7 +356,7 @@ normalizePath(
                        optimization.  If, during direct offer crossing, the
                        quality of the tip of the book drops below this value,
                        then evaluating the strand can stop.
-   @param sendMaxIssue Optional asset to send.
+   @param sendMaxAsset Optional asset to send.
    @param path Liquidity sources to use for this strand of the payment. The path
                contains an ordered collection of the offer books to use and
                accounts to ripple through.
@@ -372,9 +373,9 @@ toStrand(
     ReadView const& sb,
     AccountID const& src,
     AccountID const& dst,
-    Issue const& deliver,
+    Asset const& deliver,
     std::optional<Quality> const& limitQuality,
-    std::optional<Issue> const& sendMaxIssue,
+    std::optional<Asset> const& sendMaxAsset,
     STPath const& path,
     bool ownerPaysTransferFee,
     OfferCrossing offerCrossing,
@@ -413,9 +414,9 @@ toStrands(
     ReadView const& sb,
     AccountID const& src,
     AccountID const& dst,
-    Issue const& deliver,
+    Asset const& deliver,
     std::optional<Quality> const& limitQuality,
-    std::optional<Issue> const& sendMax,
+    std::optional<Asset> const& sendMax,
     STPathSet const& paths,
     bool addDefaultPath,
     bool ownerPaysTransferFee,
@@ -425,7 +426,7 @@ toStrands(
     beast::Journal j);
 
 /// @cond INTERNAL
-template <class TIn, class TOut, class TDerived>
+template <StepAmount TIn, StepAmount TOut, class TDerived>
 struct StepImp : public Step
 {
     explicit StepImp() = default;
@@ -493,8 +494,16 @@ public:
 // Check equal with tolerance
 bool
 checkNear(IOUAmount const& expected, IOUAmount const& actual);
-bool
-checkNear(XRPAmount const& expected, XRPAmount const& actual);
+inline bool
+checkNear(MPTAmount const& expected, MPTAmount const& actual)
+{
+    return expected == actual;
+}
+inline bool
+checkNear(XRPAmount const& expected, XRPAmount const& actual)
+{
+    return expected == actual;
+}
 /// @endcond
 
 /**
@@ -505,7 +514,7 @@ struct StrandContext
     ReadView const& view;                       ///< Current ReadView
     AccountID const strandSrc;                  ///< Strand source account
     AccountID const strandDst;                  ///< Strand destination account
-    Issue const strandDeliver;                  ///< Issue strand delivers
+    Asset const strandDeliver;                  ///< Asset strand delivers
     std::optional<Quality> const limitQuality;  ///< Worst accepted quality
     bool const isFirst;                         ///< true if Step is first in Strand
     bool const isLast = false;                  ///< true if Step is last in Strand
@@ -522,11 +531,11 @@ struct StrandContext
         at most twice: once as a src and once as a dst (hence the two element
        array). The strandSrc and strandDst will only show up once each.
     */
-    std::array<boost::container::flat_set<Issue>, 2>& seenDirectIssues;
+    std::array<boost::container::flat_set<Asset>, 2>& seenDirectAssets;
     /** A strand may not include an offer that output the same issue more
         than once
     */
-    boost::container::flat_set<Issue>& seenBookOuts;
+    boost::container::flat_set<Asset>& seenBookOuts;
     AMMContext& ammContext;
     std::optional<uint256> domainID;  // the domain the order book will use
     beast::Journal const j;
@@ -539,15 +548,15 @@ struct StrandContext
         // replicates the source or destination.
         AccountID const& strandSrc_,
         AccountID const& strandDst_,
-        Issue const& strandDeliver_,
+        Asset const& strandDeliver_,
         std::optional<Quality> const& limitQuality_,
         bool isLast_,
         bool ownerPaysTransferFee_,
         OfferCrossing offerCrossing_,
         bool isDefaultPath_,
-        std::array<boost::container::flat_set<Issue>, 2>&
-            seenDirectIssues_,                             ///< For detecting currency loops
-        boost::container::flat_set<Issue>& seenBookOuts_,  ///< For detecting book loops
+        std::array<boost::container::flat_set<Asset>, 2>&
+            seenDirectAssets_,                             ///< For detecting currency loops
+        boost::container::flat_set<Asset>& seenBookOuts_,  ///< For detecting book loops
         AMMContext& ammContext_,
         std::optional<uint256> const& domainID,
         beast::Journal j_);  ///< Journal for logging
@@ -563,6 +572,13 @@ directStepEqual(
     AccountID const& dst,
     Currency const& currency);
 
+bool
+mptEndpointStepEqual(
+    Step const& step,
+    AccountID const& src,
+    AccountID const& dst,
+    MPTID const& mptid);
+
 bool
 xrpEndpointStepEqual(Step const& step, AccountID const& acc);
 
@@ -577,6 +593,13 @@ make_DirectStepI(
     AccountID const& dst,
     Currency const& c);
 
+std::pair<TER, std::unique_ptr<Step>>
+make_MPTEndpointStep(
+    StrandContext const& ctx,
+    AccountID const& src,
+    AccountID const& dst,
+    MPTID const& a);
+
 std::pair<TER, std::unique_ptr<Step>>
 make_BookStepII(StrandContext const& ctx, Issue const& in, Issue const& out);
 
@@ -589,9 +612,30 @@ make_BookStepXI(StrandContext const& ctx, Issue const& out);
 std::pair<TER, std::unique_ptr<Step>>
 make_XRPEndpointStep(StrandContext const& ctx, AccountID const& acc);
 
-template <class InAmt, class OutAmt>
+std::pair<TER, std::unique_ptr<Step>>
+make_BookStepMM(StrandContext const& ctx, MPTIssue const& in, MPTIssue const& out);
+
+std::pair<TER, std::unique_ptr<Step>>
+make_BookStepMX(StrandContext const& ctx, MPTIssue const& in);
+
+std::pair<TER, std::unique_ptr<Step>>
+make_BookStepXM(StrandContext const& ctx, MPTIssue const& out);
+
+std::pair<TER, std::unique_ptr<Step>>
+make_BookStepMI(StrandContext const& ctx, MPTIssue const& in, Issue const& out);
+
+std::pair<TER, std::unique_ptr<Step>>
+make_BookStepIM(StrandContext const& ctx, Issue const& in, MPTIssue const& out);
+
+template <StepAmount InAmt, StepAmount OutAmt>
 bool
-isDirectXrpToXrp(Strand const& strand);
+isDirectXrpToXrp(Strand const& strand)
+{
+    if constexpr (std::is_same_v<InAmt, XRPAmount> && std::is_same_v<OutAmt, XRPAmount>)
+        return strand.size() == 2;
+    else
+        return false;
+}
 /// @endcond
 
 }  // namespace xrpl

include/xrpl/tx/paths/detail/StrandFlow.h

@@ -379,8 +379,10 @@ limitOut(
             return XRPAmount{*out};
         else if constexpr (std::is_same_v<TOutAmt, IOUAmount>)
             return IOUAmount{*out};
+        else if constexpr (std::is_same_v<TOutAmt, MPTAmount>)
+            return MPTAmount{*out};
         else
-            return STAmount{remainingOut.issue(), out->mantissa(), out->exponent()};
+            return STAmount{remainingOut.asset(), out->mantissa(), out->exponent()};
     }();
     // A tiny difference could be due to the round off
     if (withinRelativeDistance(out, remainingOut, Number(1, -9)))
@@ -534,7 +536,7 @@ public:
    @return Actual amount in and out from the strands, errors, and payment
    sandbox
 */
-template <class TInAmt, class TOutAmt>
+template <StepAmount TInAmt, StepAmount TOutAmt>
 FlowResult<TInAmt, TOutAmt>
 flow(
     PaymentSandbox const& baseView,

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/check/CheckCash.h

@@ -13,6 +13,9 @@ public:
     {
     }
 
+    static bool
+    checkExtraFeatures(PreflightContext const& ctx);
+
     static NotTEC
     preflight(PreflightContext const& ctx);
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/check/CheckCreate.h

@@ -13,6 +13,9 @@ public:
     {
     }
 
+    static bool
+    checkExtraFeatures(xrpl::PreflightContext const& ctx);
+
     static NotTEC
     preflight(PreflightContext const& ctx);
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/dex/AMMClawback.h

@@ -13,6 +13,9 @@ public:
     {
     }
 
+    static bool
+    checkExtraFeatures(PreflightContext const& ctx);
+
     static std::uint32_t
     getFlagsMask(PreflightContext const& ctx);
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/dex/AMMDeposit.h

@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ private:
         AccountID const& ammAccount,
         STAmount const& amount,
         STAmount const& amount2,
-        Issue const& lptIssue,
+        Asset const& lptIssue,
         std::uint16_t tfee);
 };
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/dex/AMMWithdraw.h

@@ -98,7 +98,8 @@ public:
         STAmount const& lpTokens,
         STAmount const& lpTokensWithdraw,
         std::uint16_t tfee,
-        FreezeHandling freezeHanding,
+        FreezeHandling freezeHandling,
+        AuthHandling authHandling,
         WithdrawAll withdrawAll,
         XRPAmount const& priorBalance,
         beast::Journal const& journal);
@@ -132,6 +133,7 @@ public:
         STAmount const& lpTokensWithdraw,
         std::uint16_t tfee,
         FreezeHandling freezeHandling,
+        AuthHandling authHandling,
         WithdrawAll withdrawAll,
         XRPAmount const& priorBalance,
         beast::Journal const& journal);
@@ -141,8 +143,8 @@ public:
         Sandbox& sb,
         std::shared_ptr<SLE> const ammSle,
         STAmount const& lpTokenBalance,
-        Issue const& issue1,
-        Issue const& issue2,
+        Asset const& asset1,
+        Asset const& asset2,
         beast::Journal const& journal);
 
 private:

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/dex/OfferCreate.h

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ private:
         ApplyFlags const flags,
         AccountID const id,
         beast::Journal const j,
-        Issue const& issue);
+        Asset const& asset);
 
     // Use the payment flow code to perform offer crossing.
     std::pair<TER, Amounts>

include/xrpl/tx/wasm/HostFunc.h

@@ -0,0 +1,558 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <xrpl/basics/Expected.h>
+#include <xrpl/basics/Slice.h>
+#include <xrpl/beast/utility/Journal.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/AccountID.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/Asset.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/Keylet.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/TER.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/UintTypes.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/wasm/ParamsHelper.h>
+
+namespace xrpl {
+
+enum class HostFunctionError : int32_t {
+    INTERNAL = -1,
+    FIELD_NOT_FOUND = -2,
+    BUFFER_TOO_SMALL = -3,
+    NO_ARRAY = -4,
+    NOT_LEAF_FIELD = -5,
+    LOCATOR_MALFORMED = -6,
+    SLOT_OUT_RANGE = -7,
+    SLOTS_FULL = -8,
+    EMPTY_SLOT = -9,
+    LEDGER_OBJ_NOT_FOUND = -10,
+    DECODING = -11,
+    DATA_FIELD_TOO_LARGE = -12,
+    POINTER_OUT_OF_BOUNDS = -13,
+    NO_MEM_EXPORTED = -14,
+    INVALID_PARAMS = -15,
+    INVALID_ACCOUNT = -16,
+    INVALID_FIELD = -17,
+    INDEX_OUT_OF_BOUNDS = -18,
+    FLOAT_INPUT_MALFORMED = -19,
+    FLOAT_COMPUTATION_ERROR = -20,
+    NO_RUNTIME = -21,
+    OUT_OF_GAS = -22,
+};
+
+using FloatPair = std::pair<int64_t, int32_t>;
+
+inline int32_t
+HfErrorToInt(HostFunctionError e)
+{
+    return static_cast<int32_t>(e);
+}
+
+namespace wasm_float {
+
+std::string
+floatToString(Slice const& data);
+
+Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+floatFromIntImpl(int64_t x, int32_t mode);
+
+Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+floatFromUintImpl(uint64_t x, int32_t mode);
+
+Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+floatFromSTAmountImpl(STAmount const& x, int32_t mode);
+
+Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+floatFromSTNumberImpl(STNumber const& x, int32_t mode);
+
+Expected<int64_t, HostFunctionError>
+floatToIntImpl(Slice const& x, int32_t mode);
+
+Expected<FloatPair, HostFunctionError>
+floatToMantissaAndExponentImpl(Slice const& x);
+
+Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+floatNegateImpl(Slice const& x);
+
+Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+floatAbsImpl(Slice const& x);
+
+Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+floatSetImpl(int64_t mantissa, int32_t exponent, int32_t mode);
+
+Expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+floatCompareImpl(Slice const& x, Slice const& y);
+
+Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+floatAddImpl(Slice const& x, Slice const& y, int32_t mode);
+
+Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+floatSubtractImpl(Slice const& x, Slice const& y, int32_t mode);
+
+Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+floatMultiplyImpl(Slice const& x, Slice const& y, int32_t mode);
+
+Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+floatDivideImpl(Slice const& x, Slice const& y, int32_t mode);
+
+Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+floatRootImpl(Slice const& x, int32_t n, int32_t mode);
+
+Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+floatPowerImpl(Slice const& x, int32_t n, int32_t mode);
+
+Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+floatLogImpl(Slice const& x, int32_t mode);
+
+}  // namespace wasm_float
+
+// Intended to work only through wasm runtime. Don't call them directly, except with unit tests
+struct HostFunctions
+{
+    beast::Journal j_;
+
+    HostFunctions(beast::Journal j = beast::Journal{beast::Journal::getNullSink()}) : j_(j)
+    {
+    }
+
+    // LCOV_EXCL_START
+    virtual void
+    setRT(void*)
+    {
+    }
+
+    virtual void*
+    getRT() const
+    {
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    beast::Journal
+    getJournal() const
+    {
+        return j_;
+    }
+
+    virtual bool
+    checkSelf() const
+    {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<std::uint32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getLedgerSqn() const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<std::uint32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getParentLedgerTime() const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Hash, HostFunctionError>
+    getParentLedgerHash() const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<uint32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getBaseFee() const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    isAmendmentEnabled(uint256 const& amendmentId) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    isAmendmentEnabled(std::string_view const& amendmentName) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    cacheLedgerObj(uint256 const& objId, int32_t cacheIdx)
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    getTxField(SField const& fname) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    getCurrentLedgerObjField(SField const& fname) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    getLedgerObjField(int32_t cacheIdx, SField const& fname) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    getTxNestedField(Slice const& locator) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    getCurrentLedgerObjNestedField(Slice const& locator) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    getLedgerObjNestedField(int32_t cacheIdx, Slice const& locator) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getTxArrayLen(SField const& fname) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getCurrentLedgerObjArrayLen(SField const& fname) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getLedgerObjArrayLen(int32_t cacheIdx, SField const& fname) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getTxNestedArrayLen(Slice const& locator) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getCurrentLedgerObjNestedArrayLen(Slice const& locator) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getLedgerObjNestedArrayLen(int32_t cacheIdx, Slice const& locator) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    updateData(Slice const& data)
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    checkSignature(Slice const& message, Slice const& signature, Slice const& pubkey) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Hash, HostFunctionError>
+    computeSha512HalfHash(Slice const& data) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    accountKeylet(AccountID const& account) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    ammKeylet(Asset const& issue1, Asset const& issue2) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    checkKeylet(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t seq) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    credentialKeylet(AccountID const& subject, AccountID const& issuer, Slice const& credentialType)
+        const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    didKeylet(AccountID const& account) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    delegateKeylet(AccountID const& account, AccountID const& authorize) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    depositPreauthKeylet(AccountID const& account, AccountID const& authorize) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    escrowKeylet(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t seq) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    lineKeylet(AccountID const& account1, AccountID const& account2, Currency const& currency) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    mptIssuanceKeylet(AccountID const& issuer, std::uint32_t seq) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    mptokenKeylet(MPTID const& mptid, AccountID const& holder) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    nftOfferKeylet(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t seq) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    offerKeylet(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t seq) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    oracleKeylet(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t docId) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    paychanKeylet(AccountID const& account, AccountID const& destination, std::uint32_t seq) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    permissionedDomainKeylet(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t seq) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    signersKeylet(AccountID const& account) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    ticketKeylet(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t seq) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    vaultKeylet(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t seq) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    getNFT(AccountID const& account, uint256 const& nftId) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    getNFTIssuer(uint256 const& nftId) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<std::uint32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getNFTTaxon(uint256 const& nftId) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getNFTFlags(uint256 const& nftId) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getNFTTransferFee(uint256 const& nftId) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<std::uint32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getNFTSerial(uint256 const& nftId) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    trace(std::string_view const& msg, Slice const& data, bool asHex) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    traceNum(std::string_view const& msg, int64_t data) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    traceAccount(std::string_view const& msg, AccountID const& account) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    traceFloat(std::string_view const& msg, Slice const& data) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    traceAmount(std::string_view const& msg, STAmount const& amount) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatFromInt(int64_t x, int32_t mode) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatFromUint(uint64_t x, int32_t mode) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatFromSTAmount(STAmount const& x, int32_t mode) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatFromSTNumber(STNumber const& x, int32_t mode) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<int64_t, HostFunctionError>
+    floatToInt(Slice const& x, int32_t mode) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<FloatPair, HostFunctionError>
+    floatToMantissaAndExponent(Slice const& x) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatNegate(Slice const& x) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatAbs(Slice const& x) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatSet(int64_t mantissa, int32_t exponent, int32_t mode) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    floatCompare(Slice const& x, Slice const& y) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatAdd(Slice const& x, Slice const& y, int32_t mode) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatSubtract(Slice const& x, Slice const& y, int32_t mode) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatMultiply(Slice const& x, Slice const& y, int32_t mode) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatDivide(Slice const& x, Slice const& y, int32_t mode) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatRoot(Slice const& x, int32_t n, int32_t mode) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatPower(Slice const& x, int32_t n, int32_t mode) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatLog(Slice const& x, int32_t mode) const
+    {
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+    }
+
+    virtual ~HostFunctions() = default;
+    // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
+};
+
+}  // namespace xrpl

include/xrpl/tx/wasm/HostFuncImpl.h

@@ -0,0 +1,305 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <xrpl/tx/ApplyContext.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/wasm/HostFunc.h>
+
+namespace xrpl {
+
+// Intended to work only through wasm runtime. Don't call them directly, except with unit tests
+class WasmHostFunctionsImpl : public HostFunctions
+{
+    ApplyContext& ctx_;
+
+    Keylet leKey_;
+    mutable std::optional<std::shared_ptr<SLE const>> currentLedgerObj_;
+
+    static int constexpr MAX_CACHE = 256;
+    std::array<std::shared_ptr<SLE const>, MAX_CACHE> cache_;
+
+    std::optional<Bytes> data_;
+
+    void* rt_ = nullptr;
+
+    Expected<std::shared_ptr<SLE const>, HostFunctionError>
+    getCurrentLedgerObj() const
+    {
+        if (!currentLedgerObj_)
+            currentLedgerObj_ = ctx_.view().read(leKey_);
+        if (*currentLedgerObj_)
+            return *currentLedgerObj_;
+        return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::LEDGER_OBJ_NOT_FOUND);
+    }
+
+    Expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    normalizeCacheIndex(int32_t cacheIdx) const
+    {
+        --cacheIdx;
+        if (cacheIdx < 0 || cacheIdx >= MAX_CACHE)
+            return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::SLOT_OUT_RANGE);
+        if (!cache_[cacheIdx])
+            return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::EMPTY_SLOT);
+        return cacheIdx;
+    }
+
+    template <typename F>
+    void
+    log(std::string_view const& msg, F&& dataFn) const
+    {
+#ifdef DEBUG_OUTPUT
+        auto& j = std::cerr;
+#else
+        if (!getJournal().active(beast::severities::kTrace))
+            return;
+        auto j = getJournal().trace();
+#endif
+        j << "WasmTrace[" << to_short_string(leKey_.key) << "]: " << msg << " " << dataFn();
+
+#ifdef DEBUG_OUTPUT
+        j << std::endl;
+#endif
+    }
+
+public:
+    WasmHostFunctionsImpl(ApplyContext& ct, Keylet const& leKey)
+        : HostFunctions(ct.journal), ctx_(ct), leKey_(leKey)
+    {
+    }
+
+    virtual void
+    setRT(void* rt) override
+    {
+        rt_ = rt;
+    }
+
+    virtual void*
+    getRT() const override
+    {
+        return rt_;
+    }
+
+    virtual bool
+    checkSelf() const override
+    {
+        return !currentLedgerObj_ && !data_ &&
+            std::ranges::find_if(cache_, [](auto& p) { return !!p; }) == cache_.end();
+    }
+
+    std::optional<Bytes> const&
+    getData() const
+    {
+        return data_;
+    }
+
+    Expected<std::uint32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getLedgerSqn() const override;
+
+    Expected<std::uint32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getParentLedgerTime() const override;
+
+    Expected<Hash, HostFunctionError>
+    getParentLedgerHash() const override;
+
+    Expected<std::uint32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getBaseFee() const override;
+
+    Expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    isAmendmentEnabled(uint256 const& amendmentId) const override;
+
+    Expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    isAmendmentEnabled(std::string_view const& amendmentName) const override;
+
+    Expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    cacheLedgerObj(uint256 const& objId, int32_t cacheIdx) override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    getTxField(SField const& fname) const override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    getCurrentLedgerObjField(SField const& fname) const override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    getLedgerObjField(int32_t cacheIdx, SField const& fname) const override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    getTxNestedField(Slice const& locator) const override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    getCurrentLedgerObjNestedField(Slice const& locator) const override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    getLedgerObjNestedField(int32_t cacheIdx, Slice const& locator) const override;
+
+    Expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getTxArrayLen(SField const& fname) const override;
+
+    Expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getCurrentLedgerObjArrayLen(SField const& fname) const override;
+
+    Expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getLedgerObjArrayLen(int32_t cacheIdx, SField const& fname) const override;
+
+    Expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getTxNestedArrayLen(Slice const& locator) const override;
+
+    Expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getCurrentLedgerObjNestedArrayLen(Slice const& locator) const override;
+
+    Expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getLedgerObjNestedArrayLen(int32_t cacheIdx, Slice const& locator) const override;
+
+    Expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    updateData(Slice const& data) override;
+
+    Expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    checkSignature(Slice const& message, Slice const& signature, Slice const& pubkey)
+        const override;
+
+    Expected<Hash, HostFunctionError>
+    computeSha512HalfHash(Slice const& data) const override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    accountKeylet(AccountID const& account) const override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    ammKeylet(Asset const& issue1, Asset const& issue2) const override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    checkKeylet(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t seq) const override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    credentialKeylet(AccountID const& subject, AccountID const& issuer, Slice const& credentialType)
+        const override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    didKeylet(AccountID const& account) const override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    delegateKeylet(AccountID const& account, AccountID const& authorize) const override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    depositPreauthKeylet(AccountID const& account, AccountID const& authorize) const override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    escrowKeylet(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t seq) const override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    lineKeylet(AccountID const& account1, AccountID const& account2, Currency const& currency)
+        const override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    mptIssuanceKeylet(AccountID const& issuer, std::uint32_t seq) const override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    mptokenKeylet(MPTID const& mptid, AccountID const& holder) const override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    nftOfferKeylet(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t seq) const override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    offerKeylet(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t seq) const override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    oracleKeylet(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t docId) const override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    paychanKeylet(AccountID const& account, AccountID const& destination, std::uint32_t seq)
+        const override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    permissionedDomainKeylet(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t seq) const override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    signersKeylet(AccountID const& account) const override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    ticketKeylet(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t seq) const override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    vaultKeylet(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t seq) const override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    getNFT(AccountID const& account, uint256 const& nftId) const override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    getNFTIssuer(uint256 const& nftId) const override;
+
+    Expected<std::uint32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getNFTTaxon(uint256 const& nftId) const override;
+
+    Expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getNFTFlags(uint256 const& nftId) const override;
+
+    Expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getNFTTransferFee(uint256 const& nftId) const override;
+
+    Expected<std::uint32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    getNFTSerial(uint256 const& nftId) const override;
+
+    Expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    trace(std::string_view const& msg, Slice const& data, bool asHex) const override;
+
+    Expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    traceNum(std::string_view const& msg, int64_t data) const override;
+
+    Expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    traceAccount(std::string_view const& msg, AccountID const& account) const override;
+
+    Expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    traceFloat(std::string_view const& msg, Slice const& data) const override;
+
+    Expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    traceAmount(std::string_view const& msg, STAmount const& amount) const override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatFromInt(int64_t x, int32_t mode) const override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatFromUint(uint64_t x, int32_t mode) const override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatFromSTAmount(STAmount const& x, int32_t mode) const override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatFromSTNumber(STNumber const& x, int32_t mode) const override;
+
+    Expected<int64_t, HostFunctionError>
+    floatToInt(Slice const& x, int32_t mode) const override;
+
+    Expected<FloatPair, HostFunctionError>
+    floatToMantissaAndExponent(Slice const& x) const override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatNegate(Slice const& x) const override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatAbs(Slice const& x) const override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatSet(int64_t mantissa, int32_t exponent, int32_t mode) const override;
+
+    Expected<int32_t, HostFunctionError>
+    floatCompare(Slice const& x, Slice const& y) const override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatAdd(Slice const& x, Slice const& y, int32_t mode) const override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatSubtract(Slice const& x, Slice const& y, int32_t mode) const override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatMultiply(Slice const& x, Slice const& y, int32_t mode) const override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatDivide(Slice const& x, Slice const& y, int32_t mode) const override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatRoot(Slice const& x, int32_t n, int32_t mode) const override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatPower(Slice const& x, int32_t n, int32_t mode) const override;
+
+    Expected<Bytes, HostFunctionError>
+    floatLog(Slice const& x, int32_t mode) const override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace xrpl

include/xrpl/tx/wasm/HostFuncWrapper.h

@@ -0,0 +1,332 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <xrpl/tx/wasm/ParamsHelper.h>
+
+#include <wasm.h>
+
+#include <cstdint>
+
+namespace xrpl {
+
+using getLedgerSqn_proto = int32_t(uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+getLedgerSqn_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using getParentLedgerTime_proto = int32_t(uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+getParentLedgerTime_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using getParentLedgerHash_proto = int32_t(uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+getParentLedgerHash_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using getBaseFee_proto = int32_t(uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+getBaseFee_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using isAmendmentEnabled_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+isAmendmentEnabled_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using cacheLedgerObj_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+cacheLedgerObj_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using getTxField_proto = int32_t(int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+getTxField_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using getCurrentLedgerObjField_proto = int32_t(int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+getCurrentLedgerObjField_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using getLedgerObjField_proto = int32_t(int32_t, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+getLedgerObjField_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using getTxNestedField_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+getTxNestedField_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using getCurrentLedgerObjNestedField_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+getCurrentLedgerObjNestedField_wrap(
+    void* env,
+    wasm_val_vec_t const* params,
+    wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using getLedgerObjNestedField_proto = int32_t(int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+getLedgerObjNestedField_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using getTxArrayLen_proto = int32_t(int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+getTxArrayLen_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using getCurrentLedgerObjArrayLen_proto = int32_t(int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+getCurrentLedgerObjArrayLen_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using getLedgerObjArrayLen_proto = int32_t(int32_t, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+getLedgerObjArrayLen_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using getTxNestedArrayLen_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+getTxNestedArrayLen_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using getCurrentLedgerObjNestedArrayLen_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+getCurrentLedgerObjNestedArrayLen_wrap(
+    void* env,
+    wasm_val_vec_t const* params,
+    wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using getLedgerObjNestedArrayLen_proto = int32_t(int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+getLedgerObjNestedArrayLen_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using updateData_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+updateData_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using checkSignature_proto =
+    int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+checkSignature_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using computeSha512HalfHash_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+computeSha512HalfHash_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using accountKeylet_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+accountKeylet_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using ammKeylet_proto =
+    int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+ammKeylet_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using checkKeylet_proto =
+    int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+checkKeylet_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using credentialKeylet_proto = int32_t(
+    uint8_t const*,
+    int32_t,
+    uint8_t const*,
+    int32_t,
+    uint8_t const*,
+    int32_t,
+    uint8_t*,
+    int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+credentialKeylet_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using delegateKeylet_proto =
+    int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+delegateKeylet_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using depositPreauthKeylet_proto =
+    int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+depositPreauthKeylet_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using didKeylet_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+didKeylet_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using escrowKeylet_proto =
+    int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+escrowKeylet_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using lineKeylet_proto = int32_t(
+    uint8_t const*,
+    int32_t,
+    uint8_t const*,
+    int32_t,
+    uint8_t const*,
+    int32_t,
+    uint8_t*,
+    int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+lineKeylet_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using mptIssuanceKeylet_proto =
+    int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+mptIssuanceKeylet_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using mptokenKeylet_proto =
+    int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+mptokenKeylet_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using nftOfferKeylet_proto =
+    int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+nftOfferKeylet_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using offerKeylet_proto =
+    int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+offerKeylet_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using oracleKeylet_proto =
+    int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+oracleKeylet_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using paychanKeylet_proto = int32_t(
+    uint8_t const*,
+    int32_t,
+    uint8_t const*,
+    int32_t,
+    uint8_t const*,
+    int32_t,
+    uint8_t*,
+    int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+paychanKeylet_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using permissionedDomainKeylet_proto =
+    int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+permissionedDomainKeylet_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using signersKeylet_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+signersKeylet_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using ticketKeylet_proto =
+    int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+ticketKeylet_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using vaultKeylet_proto =
+    int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+vaultKeylet_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using getNFT_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+getNFT_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using getNFTIssuer_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+getNFTIssuer_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using getNFTTaxon_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+getNFTTaxon_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using getNFTFlags_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+getNFTFlags_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using getNFTTransferFee_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+getNFTTransferFee_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using getNFTSerial_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+getNFTSerial_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using trace_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+trace_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using traceNum_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, int64_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+traceNum_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using traceAccount_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+traceAccount_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using traceFloat_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+traceFloat_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using traceAmount_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+traceAmount_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using floatFromInt_proto = int32_t(int64_t, uint8_t*, int32_t, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+floatFromInt_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using floatFromUint_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+floatFromUint_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using floatFromSTAmount_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+floatFromSTAmount_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using floatFromSTNumber_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+floatFromSTNumber_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using floatToInt_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+floatToInt_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using floatToMantissaAndExponent_proto =
+    int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+floatToMantissaAndExponent_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using floatNegate_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+floatNegate_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using floatAbs_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+floatAbs_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using floatSet_proto = int32_t(int32_t, int64_t, uint8_t*, int32_t, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+floatSet_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using floatCompare_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+floatCompare_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using floatAdd_proto =
+    int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+floatAdd_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using floatSubtract_proto =
+    int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+floatSubtract_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using floatMultiply_proto =
+    int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+floatMultiply_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using floatDivide_proto =
+    int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+floatDivide_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using floatRoot_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+floatRoot_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using floatPower_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+floatPower_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+using floatLog_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, uint8_t*, int32_t, int32_t);
+wasm_trap_t*
+floatLog_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+
+}  // namespace xrpl

include/xrpl/tx/wasm/ParamsHelper.h

@@ -0,0 +1,245 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <xrpl/basics/base_uint.h>
+
+#include <boost/function_types/function_arity.hpp>
+#include <boost/function_types/parameter_types.hpp>
+#include <boost/function_types/result_type.hpp>
+#include <boost/mpl/vector.hpp>
+
+#include <optional>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace bft = boost::function_types;
+
+namespace xrpl {
+
+using Bytes = std::vector<std::uint8_t>;
+using Hash = xrpl::uint256;
+
+struct wmem
+{
+    std::uint8_t* p = nullptr;
+    std::size_t s = 0;
+};
+
+template <typename T>
+struct WasmResult
+{
+    T result;
+    int64_t cost;
+};
+typedef WasmResult<int32_t> EscrowResult;
+
+struct WasmRuntimeWrapper
+{
+    virtual ~WasmRuntimeWrapper() = default;
+
+    virtual wmem
+    getMem() = 0;
+
+    virtual std::int64_t
+    getGas() = 0;
+
+    virtual std::int64_t
+    setGas(std::int64_t gas) = 0;
+};
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+enum WasmTypes { WT_I32, WT_I64, WT_U8V };
+
+struct WasmImportFunc
+{
+    std::string name;
+    std::optional<WasmTypes> result;
+    std::vector<WasmTypes> params;
+    // void* udata = nullptr;
+    // wasm_func_callback_with_env_t
+    void* wrap = nullptr;
+    uint32_t gas = 0;
+};
+
+typedef std::pair<void*, WasmImportFunc> WasmUserData;
+typedef std::vector<WasmUserData> ImportVec;
+
+#define WASM_IMPORT_FUNC(v, f, ...) \
+    WasmImpFunc<f##_proto>(v, #f, reinterpret_cast<void*>(&f##_wrap), ##__VA_ARGS__)
+
+#define WASM_IMPORT_FUNC2(v, f, n, ...) \
+    WasmImpFunc<f##_proto>(v, n, reinterpret_cast<void*>(&f##_wrap), ##__VA_ARGS__)
+
+template <int N, int C, typename mpl>
+void
+WasmImpArgs(WasmImportFunc& e)
+{
+    if constexpr (N < C)
+    {
+        using at = typename boost::mpl::at_c<mpl, N>::type;
+        if constexpr (std::is_pointer_v<at>)
+            e.params.push_back(WT_I32);
+        else if constexpr (std::is_same_v<at, std::int32_t>)
+            e.params.push_back(WT_I32);
+        else if constexpr (std::is_same_v<at, std::int64_t>)
+            e.params.push_back(WT_I64);
+        else
+            static_assert(std::is_pointer_v<at>, "Unsupported argument type");
+
+        return WasmImpArgs<N + 1, C, mpl>(e);
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
+template <typename rt>
+void
+WasmImpRet(WasmImportFunc& e)
+{
+    if constexpr (std::is_pointer_v<rt>)
+        e.result = WT_I32;
+    else if constexpr (std::is_same_v<rt, std::int32_t>)
+        e.result = WT_I32;
+    else if constexpr (std::is_same_v<rt, std::int64_t>)
+        e.result = WT_I64;
+    else if constexpr (std::is_void_v<rt>)
+        e.result.reset();
+#if (defined(__GNUC__) && (__GNUC__ >= 14)) || \
+    ((defined(__clang_major__)) && (__clang_major__ >= 18))
+    else
+        static_assert(false, "Unsupported return type");
+#endif
+}
+
+template <typename F>
+void
+WasmImpFuncHelper(WasmImportFunc& e)
+{
+    using rt = typename bft::result_type<F>::type;
+    using pt = typename bft::parameter_types<F>::type;
+    // typename boost::mpl::at_c<mpl, N>::type
+
+    WasmImpRet<rt>(e);
+    WasmImpArgs<0, bft::function_arity<F>::value, pt>(e);
+    // WasmImpWrap(e, std::forward<F>(f));
+}
+
+template <typename F>
+void
+WasmImpFunc(
+    ImportVec& v,
+    std::string_view imp_name,
+    void* f_wrap,
+    void* data = nullptr,
+    uint32_t gas = 0)
+{
+    WasmImportFunc e;
+    e.name = imp_name;
+    e.wrap = f_wrap;
+    e.gas = gas;
+    WasmImpFuncHelper<F>(e);
+    v.push_back(std::make_pair(data, std::move(e)));
+}
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+struct WasmParamVec
+{
+    std::uint8_t const* d = nullptr;
+    std::int32_t sz = 0;
+};
+
+struct WasmParam
+{
+    WasmTypes type = WT_I32;
+    union
+    {
+        std::int32_t i32;
+        std::int64_t i64 = 0;
+        float f32;
+        double f64;
+        WasmParamVec u8v;
+    } of;
+};
+
+template <class... Types>
+inline void
+wasmParamsHlp(std::vector<WasmParam>& v, std::int32_t p, Types&&... args)
+{
+    v.push_back({.type = WT_I32, .of = {.i32 = p}});
+    wasmParamsHlp(v, std::forward<Types>(args)...);
+}
+
+template <class... Types>
+inline void
+wasmParamsHlp(std::vector<WasmParam>& v, std::int64_t p, Types&&... args)
+{
+    v.push_back({.type = WT_I64, .of = {.i64 = p}});
+    wasmParamsHlp(v, std::forward<Types>(args)...);
+}
+
+// We are not supporting float/double for now
+// Leaving this code here so that it is easier to add later if needed
+// template <class... Types>
+// inline void
+// wasmParamsHlp(std::vector<WasmParam>& v, float p, Types&&... args)
+// {
+//     v.push_back({.type = WT_F32, .of = {.f32 = p}});
+//     wasmParamsHlp(v, std::forward<Types>(args)...);
+// }
+
+// template <class... Types>
+// inline void
+// wasmParamsHlp(std::vector<WasmParam>& v, double p, Types&&... args)
+// {
+//     v.push_back({.type = WT_F64, .of = {.f64 = p}});
+//     wasmParamsHlp(v, std::forward<Types>(args)...);
+// }
+
+inline void
+wasmParamsHlp(std::vector<WasmParam>& v)
+{
+    return;
+}
+
+template <class... Types>
+inline std::vector<WasmParam>
+wasmParams(Types&&... args)
+{
+    std::vector<WasmParam> v;
+    v.reserve(sizeof...(args));
+    wasmParamsHlp(v, std::forward<Types>(args)...);
+    return v;
+}
+
+template <typename T, size_t size = sizeof(T)>
+inline constexpr T
+adjustWasmEndianessHlp(T x)
+{
+    static_assert(std::is_integral<T>::value, "Only integral types");
+    if constexpr (size > 1)
+    {
+        using U = std::make_unsigned<T>::type;
+        U u = static_cast<U>(x);
+        U const low = (u & 0xFF) << ((size - 1) << 3);
+        u = adjustWasmEndianessHlp<U, size - 1>(u >> 8);
+        return static_cast<T>(low | u);
+    }
+
+    return x;
+}
+
+template <typename T, size_t size = sizeof(T)>
+inline constexpr T
+adjustWasmEndianess(T x)
+{
+    // LCOV_EXCL_START
+    static_assert(std::is_integral<T>::value, "Only integral types");
+    if constexpr (std::endian::native == std::endian::big)
+    {
+        return adjustWasmEndianessHlp(x);
+    }
+    return x;
+    // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
+}
+
+}  // namespace xrpl

include/xrpl/tx/wasm/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+# WASM Module for Programmable Escrows
+
+This module provides WebAssembly (WASM) execution capabilities for programmable
+escrows on the XRP Ledger. When an escrow is finished, the WASM code runs to
+determine whether the escrow conditions are met, enabling custom programmable
+logic for escrow release conditions.
+
+For the full specification, see
+[XLS-0102: WASM VM](https://xls.xrpl.org/xls/XLS-0102-wasm-vm.html).
+
+## Architecture
+
+The module follows a layered architecture:
+
+```
+┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│                 WasmEngine (WasmVM.h)                       │
+│         runEscrowWasm(), preflightEscrowWasm()              │
+│              Host function registration                     │
+├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
+│                 WasmiEngine (WasmiVM.h)                     │
+│            Low-level wasmi interpreter integration          │
+├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
+│    HostFuncWrapper          │       HostFuncImpl            │
+│   C-style WASM bridges      │   C++ implementations         │
+├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
+│                   HostFunc (Interface)                      │
+│            Abstract base class for host functions           │
+└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
+```
+
+### Key Components
+
+- **`WasmVM.h` / `detail/WasmVM.cpp`** - High-level facade providing:
+  - `WasmEngine` singleton that wraps the underlying WASM interpreter
+  - `runEscrowWasm()` - Execute WASM code for escrow finish
+  - `preflightEscrowWasm()` - Validate WASM code during preflight
+  - `createWasmImport()` - Register all host functions
+
+- **`WasmiVM.h` / `detail/WasmiVM.cpp`** - Low-level integration with the
+  [wasmi](https://github.com/wasmi-labs/wasmi) WebAssembly interpreter:
+  - `WasmiEngine` - Manages WASM modules, instances, and execution
+  - Memory management and gas metering
+  - Function invocation and result handling
+
+- **`HostFunc.h`** - Abstract `HostFunctions` base class defining the interface
+  for all callable host functions. Each method returns
+  `Expected<T, HostFunctionError>`.
+
+- **`HostFuncImpl.h` / `detail/HostFuncImpl*.cpp`** - Concrete
+  `WasmHostFunctionsImpl` class that implements host functions with access to
+  `ApplyContext` for ledger state queries. Implementation split across files:
+  - `HostFuncImpl.cpp` - Core utilities (updateData, checkSignature, etc.)
+  - `HostFuncImplFloat.cpp` - Float/number arithmetic operations
+  - `HostFuncImplGetter.cpp` - Field access (transaction, ledger objects)
+  - `HostFuncImplKeylet.cpp` - Keylet construction functions
+  - `HostFuncImplLedgerHeader.cpp` - Ledger header info access
+  - `HostFuncImplNFT.cpp` - NFT-related queries
+  - `HostFuncImplTrace.cpp` - Debugging/tracing functions
+
+- **`HostFuncWrapper.h` / `detail/HostFuncWrapper.cpp`** - C-style wrapper
+  functions that bridge WASM calls to C++ `HostFunctions` methods. Each host
+  function has:
+  - A `_proto` type alias defining the function signature
+  - A `_wrap` function that extracts parameters and calls the implementation
+
+- **`ParamsHelper.h`** - Utilities for WASM parameter handling:
+  - `WASM_IMPORT_FUNC` / `WASM_IMPORT_FUNC2` macros for registration
+  - `wasmParams()` helper for building parameter vectors
+  - Type conversion between WASM and C++ types
+
+## Host Functions
+
+Host functions allow WASM code to interact with the XRP Ledger. They are
+organized into categories:
+
+- **Ledger Information** - Access ledger sequence, timestamps, hashes, fees
+- **Transaction & Ledger Object Access** - Read fields from the transaction
+  and ledger objects (including the current escrow object)
+- **Keylet Construction** - Build keylets to look up various ledger object types
+- **Cryptography** - Signature verification and hashing
+- **Float Arithmetic** - Mathematical operations for amount calculations
+- **NFT Operations** - Query NFT properties
+- **Tracing/Debugging** - Log messages for debugging
+
+For the complete list of available host functions, their WASM names, and gas
+costs, see the [XLS-0102 specification](https://xls.xrpl.org/xls/XLS-0102-wasm-vm.html)
+or `detail/WasmVM.cpp` where they are registered via `WASM_IMPORT_FUNC2` macros.
+For method signatures, see `HostFunc.h`.
+
+## Gas Model
+
+Each host function has an associated gas cost. The gas cost is specified when
+registering the function in `detail/WasmVM.cpp`:
+
+```cpp
+WASM_IMPORT_FUNC2(i, getLedgerSqn, "get_ledger_sqn", hfs, 60);
+//                                                        ^^ gas cost
+```
+
+WASM execution is metered, and if the gas limit is exceeded, execution fails.
+
+## Entry Point
+
+The WASM module must export a function with the name defined by
+`ESCROW_FUNCTION_NAME` (currently `"finish"`). This function:
+
+- Takes no parameters (or parameters passed via host function calls)
+- Returns an `int32_t`:
+  - `1` (or positive): Escrow conditions are met, allow finish
+  - `0` (or negative): Escrow conditions are not met, reject finish
+
+## Adding a New Host Function
+
+To add a new host function, follow these steps:
+
+### 1. Add to HostFunc.h (Base Class)
+
+Add a virtual method declaration with a default implementation that returns an
+error:
+
+```cpp
+virtual Expected<ReturnType, HostFunctionError>
+myNewFunction(ParamType1 param1, ParamType2 param2)
+{
+    return Unexpected(HostFunctionError::INTERNAL);
+}
+```
+
+### 2. Add to HostFuncImpl.h (Declaration)
+
+Add the method override declaration in `WasmHostFunctionsImpl`:
+
+```cpp
+Expected<ReturnType, HostFunctionError>
+myNewFunction(ParamType1 param1, ParamType2 param2) override;
+```
+
+### 3. Implement in detail/HostFuncImpl\*.cpp
+
+Add the implementation in the appropriate file:
+
+```cpp
+Expected<ReturnType, HostFunctionError>
+WasmHostFunctionsImpl::myNewFunction(ParamType1 param1, ParamType2 param2)
+{
+    // Implementation using ctx (ApplyContext) for ledger access
+    return result;
+}
+```
+
+### 4. Add Wrapper to HostFuncWrapper.h
+
+Add the prototype and wrapper declaration:
+
+```cpp
+using myNewFunction_proto = int32_t(uint8_t const*, int32_t, ...);
+wasm_trap_t*
+myNewFunction_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results);
+```
+
+### 5. Implement Wrapper in detail/HostFuncWrapper.cpp
+
+Implement the C-style wrapper that bridges WASM to C++:
+
+```cpp
+wasm_trap_t*
+myNewFunction_wrap(void* env, wasm_val_vec_t const* params, wasm_val_vec_t* results)
+{
+    // Extract parameters from params
+    // Call hfs->myNewFunction(...)
+    // Set results and return
+}
+```
+
+### 6. Register in WasmVM.cpp
+
+Add the function registration in `setCommonHostFunctions()` or
+`createWasmImport()`:
+
+```cpp
+WASM_IMPORT_FUNC2(i, myNewFunction, "my_new_function", hfs, 100);
+//                                   ^^ WASM name       ^^ gas cost
+```
+
+> [!IMPORTANT]
+> New host functions MUST be amendment-gated in `WasmVM.cpp`.
+> Wrap the registration in an amendment check to ensure the function is only
+> available after the corresponding amendment is enabled on the network.

include/xrpl/tx/wasm/WasmVM.h

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <xrpl/tx/wasm/HostFunc.h>
+
+#include <string_view>
+
+namespace xrpl {
+
+static std::string_view const W_ENV = "env";
+static std::string_view const W_HOST_LIB = "host_lib";
+static std::string_view const W_MEM = "memory";
+static std::string_view const W_STORE = "store";
+static std::string_view const W_LOAD = "load";
+static std::string_view const W_SIZE = "size";
+static std::string_view const W_ALLOC = "allocate";
+static std::string_view const W_DEALLOC = "deallocate";
+static std::string_view const W_PROC_EXIT = "proc_exit";
+
+static std::string_view const ESCROW_FUNCTION_NAME = "finish";
+
+uint32_t const MAX_PAGES = 128;  // 8MB = 64KB*128
+
+class WasmiEngine;
+
+class WasmEngine
+{
+    std::unique_ptr<WasmiEngine> const impl_;
+
+    WasmEngine();
+
+    WasmEngine(WasmEngine const&) = delete;
+    WasmEngine(WasmEngine&&) = delete;
+    WasmEngine&
+    operator=(WasmEngine const&) = delete;
+    WasmEngine&
+    operator=(WasmEngine&&) = delete;
+
+public:
+    ~WasmEngine() = default;
+
+    static WasmEngine&
+    instance();
+
+    Expected<WasmResult<int32_t>, TER>
+    run(Bytes const& wasmCode,
+        HostFunctions& hfs,
+        int64_t gasLimit,
+        std::string_view funcName = {},
+        std::vector<WasmParam> const& params = {},
+        ImportVec const& imports = {},
+        beast::Journal j = beast::Journal{beast::Journal::getNullSink()});
+
+    NotTEC
+    check(
+        Bytes const& wasmCode,
+        HostFunctions& hfs,
+        std::string_view funcName,
+        std::vector<WasmParam> const& params = {},
+        ImportVec const& imports = {},
+        beast::Journal j = beast::Journal{beast::Journal::getNullSink()});
+
+    // Host functions helper functionality
+    void*
+    newTrap(std::string const& txt = std::string());
+
+    beast::Journal
+    getJournal() const;
+};
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+ImportVec
+createWasmImport(HostFunctions& hfs);
+
+Expected<EscrowResult, TER>
+runEscrowWasm(
+    Bytes const& wasmCode,
+    HostFunctions& hfs,
+    int64_t gasLimit,
+    std::string_view funcName = ESCROW_FUNCTION_NAME,
+    std::vector<WasmParam> const& params = {});
+
+NotTEC
+preflightEscrowWasm(
+    Bytes const& wasmCode,
+    HostFunctions& hfs,
+    std::string_view funcName = ESCROW_FUNCTION_NAME,
+    std::vector<WasmParam> const& params = {});
+
+}  // namespace xrpl

include/xrpl/tx/wasm/WasmiVM.h

@@ -0,0 +1,363 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <xrpl/tx/wasm/WasmVM.h>
+
+#include <wasm.h>
+#include <wasmi.h>
+
+namespace xrpl {
+
+template <class T, void (*Create)(T*, size_t), void (*Destroy)(T*)>
+class WasmVec
+{
+    using TD = std::remove_pointer_t<decltype(T::data)>;
+    T vec_;
+
+public:
+    WasmVec(size_t s = 0) : vec_ WASM_EMPTY_VEC
+    {
+        if (s > 0)
+            Create(&vec_, s);  // zeroes memory
+    }
+
+    ~WasmVec()
+    {
+        clear();
+    }
+
+    WasmVec(WasmVec const&) = delete;
+    WasmVec&
+    operator=(WasmVec const&) = delete;
+
+    WasmVec(WasmVec&& other) noexcept : vec_ WASM_EMPTY_VEC
+    {
+        *this = std::move(other);
+    }
+
+    WasmVec&
+    operator=(WasmVec&& other) noexcept
+    {
+        if (this != &other)
+        {
+            clear();
+            vec_ = other.vec_;
+            other.vec_ = WASM_EMPTY_VEC;
+        }
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    void
+    clear()
+    {
+        Destroy(&vec_);  // call destructor for every elements too
+        vec_ = WASM_EMPTY_VEC;
+    }
+
+    T
+    release()
+    {
+        T result = vec_;
+        vec_ = WASM_EMPTY_VEC;
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    T*
+    get()
+    {
+        return &vec_;
+    }
+
+    T const*
+    get() const
+    {
+        return &vec_;
+    }
+
+    TD&
+    operator[](size_t i)
+    {
+        if (i >= vec_.size)
+            Throw<std::runtime_error>("Out of bound");
+        return vec_.data[i];
+    }
+
+    TD const&
+    operator[](size_t i) const
+    {
+        if (i >= vec_.size)
+            Throw<std::runtime_error>("Out of bound");
+        return vec_.data[i];
+    }
+
+    size_t
+    size() const
+    {
+        return vec_.size;
+    }
+
+    bool
+    empty() const
+    {
+        return vec_.size == 0u;
+    }
+};
+
+using WasmValtypeVec =
+    WasmVec<wasm_valtype_vec_t, &wasm_valtype_vec_new_uninitialized, &wasm_valtype_vec_delete>;
+using WasmValVec = WasmVec<wasm_val_vec_t, &wasm_val_vec_new_uninitialized, &wasm_val_vec_delete>;
+using WasmExternVec =
+    WasmVec<wasm_extern_vec_t, &wasm_extern_vec_new_uninitialized, &wasm_extern_vec_delete>;
+using WasmExporttypeVec = WasmVec<
+    wasm_exporttype_vec_t,
+    &wasm_exporttype_vec_new_uninitialized,
+    &wasm_exporttype_vec_delete>;
+using WasmImporttypeVec = WasmVec<
+    wasm_importtype_vec_t,
+    &wasm_importtype_vec_new_uninitialized,
+    &wasm_importtype_vec_delete>;
+
+struct WasmiResult
+{
+    WasmValVec r;
+    bool f{false};  // failure flag
+
+    WasmiResult(unsigned N = 0) : r(N)
+    {
+    }
+
+    ~WasmiResult() = default;
+    WasmiResult(WasmiResult&& o) = default;
+    WasmiResult&
+    operator=(WasmiResult&& o) = default;
+};
+
+using ModulePtr = std::unique_ptr<wasm_module_t, decltype(&wasm_module_delete)>;
+using InstancePtr = std::unique_ptr<wasm_instance_t, decltype(&wasm_instance_delete)>;
+using EnginePtr = std::unique_ptr<wasm_engine_t, decltype(&wasm_engine_delete)>;
+using StorePtr = std::unique_ptr<wasm_store_t, decltype(&wasm_store_delete)>;
+
+using FuncInfo = std::pair<wasm_func_t const*, wasm_functype_t const*>;
+
+struct InstanceWrapper
+{
+    wasm_store_t* store_ = nullptr;
+    WasmExternVec exports_;
+    mutable int memIdx_ = -1;
+    InstancePtr instance_;
+    beast::Journal j_ = beast::Journal(beast::Journal::getNullSink());
+
+private:
+    static InstancePtr
+    init(
+        StorePtr& s,
+        ModulePtr& m,
+        WasmExternVec& expt,
+        WasmExternVec const& imports,
+        beast::Journal j);
+
+public:
+    InstanceWrapper();
+
+    InstanceWrapper(InstanceWrapper&& o);
+
+    InstanceWrapper&
+    operator=(InstanceWrapper&& o);
+
+    InstanceWrapper(StorePtr& s, ModulePtr& m, WasmExternVec const& imports, beast::Journal j);
+
+    ~InstanceWrapper() = default;
+
+    operator bool() const;
+
+    FuncInfo
+    getFunc(std::string_view funcName, WasmExporttypeVec const& exportTypes) const;
+
+    wmem
+    getMem() const;
+
+    std::int64_t
+    getGas() const;
+
+    std::int64_t
+    setGas(std::int64_t) const;
+};
+
+struct ModuleWrapper
+{
+    ModulePtr module_;
+    InstanceWrapper instanceWrap_;
+    WasmExporttypeVec exportTypes_;
+    beast::Journal j_ = beast::Journal(beast::Journal::getNullSink());
+
+private:
+    static ModulePtr
+    init(StorePtr& s, Bytes const& wasmBin, beast::Journal j);
+
+public:
+    ModuleWrapper();
+    ModuleWrapper(ModuleWrapper&& o);
+    ModuleWrapper&
+    operator=(ModuleWrapper&& o);
+    ModuleWrapper(
+        StorePtr& s,
+        Bytes const& wasmBin,
+        bool instantiate,
+        ImportVec const& imports,
+        beast::Journal j);
+    ~ModuleWrapper() = default;
+
+    operator bool() const;
+
+    FuncInfo
+    getFunc(std::string_view funcName) const;
+
+    wasm_functype_t*
+    getFuncType(std::string_view funcName) const;
+
+    wmem
+    getMem() const;
+
+    InstanceWrapper&
+    getInstance(int i = 0);
+
+    int
+    addInstance(StorePtr& s, WasmExternVec const& imports);
+
+    std::int64_t
+    getGas() const;
+
+private:
+    WasmExternVec
+    buildImports(StorePtr& s, ImportVec const& imports) const;
+};
+
+class WasmiEngine
+{
+    EnginePtr engine_;
+    StorePtr store_;
+    std::unique_ptr<ModuleWrapper> moduleWrap_;
+    beast::Journal j_ = beast::Journal(beast::Journal::getNullSink());
+
+    std::mutex m_;  // 1 instance mutex
+
+public:
+    WasmiEngine();
+    ~WasmiEngine() = default;
+
+    static EnginePtr
+    init();
+
+    Expected<WasmResult<int32_t>, TER>
+    run(Bytes const& wasmCode,
+        HostFunctions& hfs,
+        int64_t gas,
+        std::string_view funcName,
+        std::vector<WasmParam> const& params,
+        ImportVec const& imports,
+        beast::Journal j);
+
+    NotTEC
+    check(
+        Bytes const& wasmCode,
+        HostFunctions& hfs,
+        std::string_view funcName,
+        std::vector<WasmParam> const& params,
+        ImportVec const& imports,
+        beast::Journal j);
+
+    std::int64_t
+    getGas() const;
+
+    // Host functions helper functionality
+    wasm_trap_t*
+    newTrap(std::string const& msg);
+
+    beast::Journal
+    getJournal() const;
+
+private:
+    InstanceWrapper&
+    getRT(int m = 0, int i = 0) const;
+
+    wmem
+    getMem() const;
+
+    Expected<WasmResult<int32_t>, TER>
+    runHlp(
+        Bytes const& wasmCode,
+        HostFunctions& hfs,
+        int64_t gas,
+        std::string_view funcName,
+        std::vector<WasmParam> const& params,
+        ImportVec const& imports);
+
+    NotTEC
+    checkHlp(
+        Bytes const& wasmCode,
+        HostFunctions& hfs,
+        std::string_view funcName,
+        std::vector<WasmParam> const& params,
+        ImportVec const& imports);
+
+    int
+    addModule(Bytes const& wasmCode, bool instantiate, ImportVec const& imports, int64_t gas);
+    void
+    clearModules();
+
+    // int  addInstance();
+
+    int32_t
+    runFunc(std::string_view const funcName, int32_t p);
+
+    int32_t
+    makeModule(Bytes const& wasmCode, WasmExternVec const& imports = {});
+
+    FuncInfo
+    getFunc(std::string_view funcName) const;
+
+    static std::vector<wasm_val_t>
+    convertParams(std::vector<WasmParam> const& params);
+
+    static int
+    compareParamTypes(wasm_valtype_vec_t const* ftp, std::vector<wasm_val_t> const& p);
+
+    static void
+    add_param(std::vector<wasm_val_t>& in, int32_t p);
+    static void
+    add_param(std::vector<wasm_val_t>& in, int64_t p);
+
+    template <int NR, class... Types>
+    inline WasmiResult
+    call(std::string_view func, Types&&... args);
+
+    template <int NR, class... Types>
+    inline WasmiResult
+    call(FuncInfo const& f, Types&&... args);
+
+    template <int NR, class... Types>
+    inline WasmiResult
+    call(FuncInfo const& f, std::vector<wasm_val_t>& in);
+
+    template <int NR, class... Types>
+    inline WasmiResult
+    call(FuncInfo const& f, std::vector<wasm_val_t>& in, std::int32_t p, Types&&... args);
+
+    template <int NR, class... Types>
+    inline WasmiResult
+    call(FuncInfo const& f, std::vector<wasm_val_t>& in, std::int64_t p, Types&&... args);
+
+    template <int NR, class... Types>
+    inline WasmiResult
+    call(
+        FuncInfo const& f,
+        std::vector<wasm_val_t>& in,
+        uint8_t const* d,
+        int32_t sz,
+        Types&&... args);
+
+    template <int NR, class... Types>
+    inline WasmiResult
+    call(FuncInfo const& f, std::vector<wasm_val_t>& in, Bytes const& p, Types&&... args);
+};
+
+}  // namespace xrpl

src/libxrpl/basics/Number.cpp

@@ -945,6 +945,82 @@ power(Number const& f, unsigned n)
     return r;
 }
 
+// Series expansion method approximation of ln(x)
+static Number
+ln(Number const& x, int iterations = 50)
+{
+    Number const N0(0);
+    Number const N2(2, 0);
+    Number const N05(5, -1);
+    Number const LN2(693'147'180'559'945'309ll, -18);
+
+    if (x <= 0)
+    {
+        throw std::runtime_error("Not a positive value");
+    }
+    if (x == 1)
+    {
+        return N0;
+    }
+
+    int exponent = 0;
+    Number mantissa = x;
+
+    while (mantissa >= N2)
+    {
+        mantissa /= 2;
+        exponent += 1;
+    }
+    while (mantissa < N05)
+    {
+        mantissa *= 2;
+        exponent -= 1;
+    }
+
+    Number z = (mantissa - 1) / (mantissa + 1);
+    Number const zz = z * z;
+    Number sum;
+
+    for (int i = 1; i <= iterations; ++i)
+    {
+        sum = sum + z / ((2 * i) - 1);
+        z = z * zz;
+    }
+
+    return 2 * sum + exponent * LN2;
+}
+
+Number
+log10(Number const& x, int iterations)
+{
+    Number const N0(0);
+    Number const LN10(2'302'585'092'994'045'684ll, -18);
+
+    if (x <= 0)
+    {
+        throw std::runtime_error("Not a positive value");
+    }
+    if (x == 1)
+    {
+        return N0;
+    }
+
+    if (x <= Number(10))
+    {
+        auto const r = ln(x, iterations) / LN10;
+        return r;
+    }
+
+    // (1 <= normalX < 10)
+    // x = normalX * 10^norm
+    // ln(x) = ln(normalX * 10^norm) = ln(normalX) + norm * ln(10)
+    int const diffExp = Number::mantissaLog() + x.exponent_;
+    Number const normalX = x / Number(1, diffExp);
+    auto const lnX = ln(normalX, iterations) + diffExp * LN10;
+    auto const lgX = lnX / LN10;
+    return lgX;
+}
+
 // Returns f^(1/d)
 // Uses Newton–Raphson iterations until the result stops changing
 // to find the non-negative root of the polynomial g(x) = x^d - f

src/libxrpl/ledger/AcceptedLedgerTx.cpp

@@ -43,13 +43,14 @@ AcceptedLedgerTx::AcceptedLedgerTx(
         auto const amount = mTxn->getFieldAmount(sfTakerGets);
 
         // If the offer create is not self funded then add the owner balance
-        if (account != amount.issue().account)
+        if (account != amount.getIssuer())
         {
             auto const ownerFunds = accountFunds(
                 *ledger,
                 account,
                 amount,
                 fhIGNORE_FREEZE,
+                ahIGNORE_AUTH,
                 beast::Journal{beast::Journal::getNullSink()});
             mJson[jss::transaction][jss::owner_funds] = ownerFunds.getText();
         }

src/libxrpl/ledger/ApplyStateTable.cpp

@@ -5,8 +5,6 @@
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Feature.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/st.h>
 
-#include <stdexcept>
-
 namespace xrpl {
 namespace detail {
 
@@ -376,14 +374,14 @@ ApplyStateTable::erase(ReadView const& base, std::shared_ptr<SLE> const& sle)
 {
     auto const iter = items_.find(sle->key());
     if (iter == items_.end())
-        Throw<std::logic_error>("ApplyStateTable::erase: missing key");
+        LogicError("ApplyStateTable::erase: missing key");
     auto& item = iter->second;
     if (item.second != sle)
-        Throw<std::logic_error>("ApplyStateTable::erase: unknown SLE");
+        LogicError("ApplyStateTable::erase: unknown SLE");
     switch (item.first)
     {
         case Action::erase:
-            Throw<std::logic_error>("ApplyStateTable::erase: double erase");
+            LogicError("ApplyStateTable::erase: double erase");
             break;
         case Action::insert:
             items_.erase(iter);
@@ -407,7 +405,7 @@ ApplyStateTable::rawErase(ReadView const& base, std::shared_ptr<SLE> const& sle)
     switch (item.first)
     {
         case Action::erase:
-            Throw<std::logic_error>("ApplyStateTable::rawErase: double erase");
+            LogicError("ApplyStateTable::rawErase: double erase");
             break;
         case Action::insert:
             items_.erase(result.first);
@@ -438,11 +436,11 @@ ApplyStateTable::insert(ReadView const& base, std::shared_ptr<SLE> const& sle)
     switch (item.first)
     {
         case Action::cache:
-            Throw<std::logic_error>("ApplyStateTable::insert: already cached");
+            LogicError("ApplyStateTable::insert: already cached");
         case Action::insert:
-            Throw<std::logic_error>("ApplyStateTable::insert: already inserted");
+            LogicError("ApplyStateTable::insert: already inserted");
         case Action::modify:
-            Throw<std::logic_error>("ApplyStateTable::insert: already modified");
+            LogicError("ApplyStateTable::insert: already modified");
         case Action::erase:
             break;
     }
@@ -468,7 +466,7 @@ ApplyStateTable::replace(ReadView const& base, std::shared_ptr<SLE> const& sle)
     switch (item.first)
     {
         case Action::erase:
-            Throw<std::logic_error>("ApplyStateTable::replace: already erased");
+            LogicError("ApplyStateTable::replace: already erased");
         case Action::cache:
             item.first = Action::modify;
             break;
@@ -484,14 +482,14 @@ ApplyStateTable::update(ReadView const& base, std::shared_ptr<SLE> const& sle)
 {
     auto const iter = items_.find(sle->key());
     if (iter == items_.end())
-        Throw<std::logic_error>("ApplyStateTable::update: missing key");
+        LogicError("ApplyStateTable::update: missing key");
     auto& item = iter->second;
     if (item.second != sle)
-        Throw<std::logic_error>("ApplyStateTable::update: unknown SLE");
+        LogicError("ApplyStateTable::update: unknown SLE");
     switch (item.first)
     {
         case Action::erase:
-            Throw<std::logic_error>("ApplyStateTable::update: erased");
+            LogicError("ApplyStateTable::update: erased");
             break;
         case Action::cache:
             item.first = Action::modify;

src/libxrpl/ledger/ApplyView.cpp

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Protocol.h>
 
 #include <limits>
-#include <stdexcept>
 #include <type_traits>
 
 namespace xrpl {
@@ -41,8 +40,10 @@ findPreviousPage(ApplyView& view, Keylet const& directory, SLE::ref start)
     {
         node = view.peek(keylet::page(directory, page));
         if (!node)
-            Throw<std::logic_error>(
-                "Directory chain: root back-pointer broken.");  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+        {  // LCOV_EXCL_START
+            LogicError("Directory chain: root back-pointer broken.");
+            // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
+        }
     }
 
     auto indexes = node->getFieldV256(sfIndexes);
@@ -61,20 +62,21 @@ insertKey(
     if (preserveOrder)
     {
         if (std::find(indexes.begin(), indexes.end(), key) != indexes.end())
-            Throw<std::logic_error>("dirInsert: double insertion");  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+            LogicError("dirInsert: double insertion");  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
 
         indexes.push_back(key);
     }
     else
     {
-        // We can't be sure if this page is already sorted because it may be a
-        // legacy page we haven't yet touched. Take the time to sort it.
+        // We can't be sure if this page is already sorted because
+        // it may be a legacy page we haven't yet touched. Take
+        // the time to sort it.
         std::sort(indexes.begin(), indexes.end());
 
         auto pos = std::lower_bound(indexes.begin(), indexes.end(), key);
 
         if (pos != indexes.end() && key == *pos)
-            Throw<std::logic_error>("dirInsert: double insertion");  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+            LogicError("dirInsert: double insertion");  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
 
         indexes.insert(pos, key);
     }
@@ -127,7 +129,8 @@ insertPage(
     node->setFieldH256(sfRootIndex, directory.key);
     node->setFieldV256(sfIndexes, indexes);
 
-    // Save some space by not specifying the value 0 since it's the default.
+    // Save some space by not specifying the value 0 since
+    // it's the default.
     if (page != 1)
         node->setFieldU64(sfIndexPrevious, page - 1);
     XRPL_ASSERT_PARTS(!nextPage, "xrpl::directory::insertPage", "nextPage has default value");
@@ -196,24 +199,28 @@ ApplyView::emptyDirDelete(Keylet const& directory)
     auto nextPage = node->getFieldU64(sfIndexNext);
 
     if (nextPage == rootPage && prevPage != rootPage)
-        Throw<std::logic_error>("Directory chain: fwd link broken");  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+        LogicError("Directory chain: fwd link broken");  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
 
     if (prevPage == rootPage && nextPage != rootPage)
-        Throw<std::logic_error>("Directory chain: rev link broken");  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+        LogicError("Directory chain: rev link broken");  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
 
-    // Older versions of the code would, in some cases, allow the last page to
-    // be empty. Remove such pages:
+    // Older versions of the code would, in some cases, allow the last
+    // page to be empty. Remove such pages:
     if (nextPage == prevPage && nextPage != rootPage)
     {
         auto last = peek(keylet::page(directory, nextPage));
 
         if (!last)
-            Throw<std::logic_error>("Directory chain: fwd link broken.");  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+        {  // LCOV_EXCL_START
+            LogicError("Directory chain: fwd link broken.");
+            // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
+        }
 
         if (!last->getFieldV256(sfIndexes).empty())
             return false;
 
-        // Update the first page's linked list and mark it as updated.
+        // Update the first page's linked list and
+        // mark it as updated.
         node->setFieldU64(sfIndexNext, rootPage);
         node->setFieldU64(sfIndexPrevious, rootPage);
         update(node);
@@ -221,7 +228,8 @@ ApplyView::emptyDirDelete(Keylet const& directory)
         // And erase the empty last page:
         erase(last);
 
-        // Make sure our local values reflect the updated information:
+        // Make sure our local values reflect the
+        // updated information:
         nextPage = rootPage;
         prevPage = rootPage;
     }
@@ -261,33 +269,46 @@ ApplyView::dirRemove(Keylet const& directory, std::uint64_t page, uint256 const&
             return true;
     }
 
-    // The current page is now empty; check if it can be deleted, and, if so,
-    // whether the entire directory can now be removed.
+    // The current page is now empty; check if it can be
+    // deleted, and, if so, whether the entire directory
+    // can now be removed.
     auto prevPage = node->getFieldU64(sfIndexPrevious);
     auto nextPage = node->getFieldU64(sfIndexNext);
 
-    // The first page is the directory's root node and is treated specially: it
-    // can never be deleted even if it is empty, unless we plan on removing the
-    // entire directory.
+    // The first page is the directory's root node and is
+    // treated specially: it can never be deleted even if
+    // it is empty, unless we plan on removing the entire
+    // directory.
     if (page == rootPage)
     {
         if (nextPage == page && prevPage != page)
-            Throw<std::logic_error>("Directory chain: fwd link broken");  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+        {  // LCOV_EXCL_START
+            LogicError("Directory chain: fwd link broken");
+            // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
+        }
 
         if (prevPage == page && nextPage != page)
-            Throw<std::logic_error>("Directory chain: rev link broken");  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+        {  // LCOV_EXCL_START
+            LogicError("Directory chain: rev link broken");
+            // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
+        }
 
-        // Older versions of the code would, in some cases, allow the last page
-        // to be empty. Remove such pages if we stumble on them:
+        // Older versions of the code would, in some cases,
+        // allow the last page to be empty. Remove such
+        // pages if we stumble on them:
         if (nextPage == prevPage && nextPage != page)
         {
             auto last = peek(keylet::page(directory, nextPage));
             if (!last)
-                Throw<std::logic_error>("Directory chain: fwd link broken.");  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+            {  // LCOV_EXCL_START
+                LogicError("Directory chain: fwd link broken.");
+                // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
+            }
 
             if (last->getFieldV256(sfIndexes).empty())
             {
-                // Update the first page's linked list and mark it as updated.
+                // Update the first page's linked list and
+                // mark it as updated.
                 node->setFieldU64(sfIndexNext, page);
                 node->setFieldU64(sfIndexPrevious, page);
                 update(node);
@@ -295,7 +316,8 @@ ApplyView::dirRemove(Keylet const& directory, std::uint64_t page, uint256 const&
                 // And erase the empty last page:
                 erase(last);
 
-                // Make sure our local values reflect the updated information:
+                // Make sure our local values reflect the
+                // updated information:
                 nextPage = page;
                 prevPage = page;
             }
@@ -313,24 +335,25 @@ ApplyView::dirRemove(Keylet const& directory, std::uint64_t page, uint256 const&
 
     // This can never happen for nodes other than the root:
     if (nextPage == page)
-        Throw<std::logic_error>("Directory chain: fwd link broken");  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+        LogicError("Directory chain: fwd link broken");  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
 
     if (prevPage == page)
-        Throw<std::logic_error>("Directory chain: rev link broken");  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+        LogicError("Directory chain: rev link broken");  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
 
-    // This node isn't the root, so it can either be in the middle of the list,
-    // or at the end. Unlink it first and then check if that leaves the list
-    // with only a root:
+    // This node isn't the root, so it can either be in the
+    // middle of the list, or at the end. Unlink it first
+    // and then check if that leaves the list with only a
+    // root:
     auto prev = peek(keylet::page(directory, prevPage));
     if (!prev)
-        Throw<std::logic_error>("Directory chain: fwd link broken.");  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+        LogicError("Directory chain: fwd link broken.");  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
     // Fix previous to point to its new next.
     prev->setFieldU64(sfIndexNext, nextPage);
     update(prev);
 
     auto next = peek(keylet::page(directory, nextPage));
     if (!next)
-        Throw<std::logic_error>("Directory chain: rev link broken.");  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+        LogicError("Directory chain: rev link broken.");  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
     // Fix next to point to its new previous.
     next->setFieldU64(sfIndexPrevious, prevPage);
     update(next);
@@ -338,12 +361,13 @@ ApplyView::dirRemove(Keylet const& directory, std::uint64_t page, uint256 const&
     // The page is no longer linked. Delete it.
     erase(node);
 
-    // Check whether the next page is the last page and, if so, whether it's
-    // empty. If it is, delete it.
+    // Check whether the next page is the last page and, if
+    // so, whether it's empty. If it is, delete it.
     if (nextPage != rootPage && next->getFieldU64(sfIndexNext) == rootPage &&
         next->getFieldV256(sfIndexes).empty())
     {
-        // Since next doesn't point to the root, it can't be pointing to prev.
+        // Since next doesn't point to the root, it
+        // can't be pointing to prev.
         erase(next);
 
         // The previous page is now the last page:
@@ -353,16 +377,18 @@ ApplyView::dirRemove(Keylet const& directory, std::uint64_t page, uint256 const&
         // And the root points to the last page:
         auto root = peek(keylet::page(directory, rootPage));
         if (!root)
-            Throw<std::logic_error>("Directory chain: root link broken.");  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-
+        {  // LCOV_EXCL_START
+            LogicError("Directory chain: root link broken.");
+            // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
+        }
         root->setFieldU64(sfIndexPrevious, prevPage);
         update(root);
 
         nextPage = rootPage;
     }
 
-    // If we're not keeping the root, then check to see if it's left empty.
-    // If so, delete it as well.
+    // If we're not keeping the root, then check to see if
+    // it's left empty. If so, delete it as well.
     if (!keepRoot && nextPage == rootPage && prevPage == rootPage)
     {
         if (prev->getFieldV256(sfIndexes).empty())

src/libxrpl/ledger/Ledger.cpp

@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
 #include <xrpl/protocol/digest.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/jss.h>
 
-#include <stdexcept>
 #include <utility>
 #include <vector>
 
@@ -462,14 +461,14 @@ void
 Ledger::rawErase(std::shared_ptr<SLE> const& sle)
 {
     if (!stateMap_.delItem(sle->key()))
-        Throw<std::logic_error>("Ledger::rawErase: key not found");
+        LogicError("Ledger::rawErase: key not found");
 }
 
 void
 Ledger::rawErase(uint256 const& key)
 {
     if (!stateMap_.delItem(key))
-        Throw<std::logic_error>("Ledger::rawErase: key not found");
+        LogicError("Ledger::rawErase: key not found");
 }
 
 void
@@ -479,7 +478,7 @@ Ledger::rawInsert(std::shared_ptr<SLE> const& sle)
     sle->add(ss);
     if (!stateMap_.addGiveItem(
             SHAMapNodeType::tnACCOUNT_STATE, make_shamapitem(sle->key(), ss.slice())))
-        Throw<std::logic_error>("Ledger::rawInsert: key already exists");
+        LogicError("Ledger::rawInsert: key already exists");
 }
 
 void
@@ -489,7 +488,7 @@ Ledger::rawReplace(std::shared_ptr<SLE> const& sle)
     sle->add(ss);
     if (!stateMap_.updateGiveItem(
             SHAMapNodeType::tnACCOUNT_STATE, make_shamapitem(sle->key(), ss.slice())))
-        Throw<std::logic_error>("Ledger::rawReplace: key not found");
+        LogicError("Ledger::rawReplace: key not found");
 }
 
 void
@@ -505,7 +504,7 @@ Ledger::rawTxInsert(
     s.addVL(txn->peekData());
     s.addVL(metaData->peekData());
     if (!txMap_.addGiveItem(SHAMapNodeType::tnTRANSACTION_MD, make_shamapitem(key, s.slice())))
-        Throw<std::logic_error>("duplicate_tx: " + to_string(key));
+        LogicError("duplicate_tx: " + to_string(key));
 }
 
 uint256
@@ -523,7 +522,7 @@ Ledger::rawTxInsertWithHash(
     auto item = make_shamapitem(key, s.slice());
     auto hash = sha512Half(HashPrefix::txNode, item->slice(), item->key());
     if (!txMap_.addGiveItem(SHAMapNodeType::tnTRANSACTION_MD, std::move(item)))
-        Throw<std::logic_error>("duplicate_tx: " + to_string(key));
+        LogicError("duplicate_tx: " + to_string(key));
 
     return hash;
 }

src/libxrpl/ledger/OpenView.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 #include <xrpl/basics/contract.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/OpenView.h>
 
-#include <stdexcept>
-
 namespace xrpl {
 
 class OpenView::txs_iter_impl : public txs_type::iter_base
@@ -249,7 +247,7 @@ OpenView::rawTxInsert(
     auto const result = txs_.emplace(
         std::piecewise_construct, std::forward_as_tuple(key), std::forward_as_tuple(txn, metaData));
     if (!result.second)
-        Throw<std::logic_error>("rawTxInsert: duplicate TX id: " + to_string(key));
+        LogicError("rawTxInsert: duplicate TX id: " + to_string(key));
 }
 
 }  // namespace xrpl

src/libxrpl/ledger/PaymentSandbox.cpp

@@ -3,12 +3,14 @@
 #include <xrpl/ledger/View.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/SField.h>
 
+#include <algorithm>
+
 namespace xrpl {
 
 namespace detail {
 
 auto
-DeferredCredits::makeKey(AccountID const& a1, AccountID const& a2, Currency const& c) -> Key
+DeferredCredits::makeKeyIOU(AccountID const& a1, AccountID const& a2, Currency const& c) -> KeyIOU
 {
     if (a1 < a2)
     {
@@ -19,21 +21,23 @@ DeferredCredits::makeKey(AccountID const& a1, AccountID const& a2, Currency cons
 }
 
 void
-DeferredCredits::credit(
+DeferredCredits::creditIOU(
     AccountID const& sender,
     AccountID const& receiver,
     STAmount const& amount,
     STAmount const& preCreditSenderBalance)
 {
     XRPL_ASSERT(
-        sender != receiver, "xrpl::detail::DeferredCredits::credit : sender is not receiver");
-    XRPL_ASSERT(!amount.negative(), "xrpl::detail::DeferredCredits::credit : positive amount");
+        sender != receiver, "xrpl::detail::DeferredCredits::creditIOU : sender is not receiver");
+    XRPL_ASSERT(!amount.negative(), "xrpl::detail::DeferredCredits::creditIOU : positive amount");
+    XRPL_ASSERT(
+        amount.holds<Issue>(), "xrpl::detail::DeferredCredits::creditIOU : amount is for Issue");
 
-    auto const k = makeKey(sender, receiver, amount.getCurrency());
-    auto i = credits_.find(k);
-    if (i == credits_.end())
+    auto const k = makeKeyIOU(sender, receiver, amount.get<Issue>().currency);
+    auto i = creditsIOU_.find(k);
+    if (i == creditsIOU_.end())
     {
-        Value v;
+        ValueIOU v;
 
         if (sender < receiver)
         {
@@ -48,7 +52,7 @@ DeferredCredits::credit(
             v.lowAcctOrigBalance = -preCreditSenderBalance;
         }
 
-        credits_[k] = v;
+        creditsIOU_[k] = v;
     }
     else
     {
@@ -65,6 +69,93 @@ DeferredCredits::credit(
     }
 }
 
+void
+DeferredCredits::creditMPT(
+    AccountID const& sender,
+    AccountID const& receiver,
+    STAmount const& amount,
+    std::uint64_t preCreditBalanceHolder,
+    std::int64_t preCreditBalanceIssuer)
+{
+    XRPL_ASSERT(
+        amount.holds<MPTIssue>(),
+        "xrpl::detail::DeferredCredits::creditMPT : amount is for MPTIssue");
+    XRPL_ASSERT(!amount.negative(), "xrpl::detail::DeferredCredits::creditMPT : positive amount");
+    XRPL_ASSERT(
+        sender != receiver, "xrpl::detail::DeferredCredits::creditMPT : sender is not receiver");
+
+    auto const mptAmtVal = amount.mpt().value();
+    auto const& issuer = amount.getIssuer();
+    auto const& mptIssue = amount.get<MPTIssue>();
+    auto const& mptID = mptIssue.getMptID();
+    bool const isSenderIssuer = sender == issuer;
+
+    auto i = creditsMPT_.find(mptID);
+    if (i == creditsMPT_.end())
+    {
+        IssuerValueMPT v;
+        if (isSenderIssuer)
+        {
+            v.credit = mptAmtVal;
+            v.holders[receiver].origBalance = preCreditBalanceHolder;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            v.holders[sender].debit = mptAmtVal;
+            v.holders[sender].origBalance = preCreditBalanceHolder;
+        }
+        v.origBalance = preCreditBalanceIssuer;
+        creditsMPT_.emplace(mptID, std::move(v));
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        // only record the balance the first time, do not record it here
+        auto& v = i->second;
+        if (isSenderIssuer)
+        {
+            v.credit += mptAmtVal;
+            if (!v.holders.contains(receiver))
+            {
+                v.holders[receiver].origBalance = preCreditBalanceHolder;
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            if (!v.holders.contains(sender))
+            {
+                v.holders[sender].debit = mptAmtVal;
+                v.holders[sender].origBalance = preCreditBalanceHolder;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                v.holders[sender].debit += mptAmtVal;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void
+DeferredCredits::issuerSelfDebitMPT(
+    MPTIssue const& issue,
+    std::uint64_t amount,
+    std::int64_t origBalance)
+{
+    auto const& mptID = issue.getMptID();
+    auto i = creditsMPT_.find(mptID);
+
+    if (i == creditsMPT_.end())
+    {
+        IssuerValueMPT v;
+        v.origBalance = origBalance;
+        v.selfDebit = amount;
+        creditsMPT_.emplace(mptID, std::move(v));
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        i->second.selfDebit += amount;
+    }
+}
+
 void
 DeferredCredits::ownerCount(AccountID const& id, std::uint32_t cur, std::uint32_t next)
 {
@@ -88,16 +179,16 @@ DeferredCredits::ownerCount(AccountID const& id) const
 
 // Get the adjustments for the balance between main and other.
 auto
-DeferredCredits::adjustments(
+DeferredCredits::adjustmentsIOU(
     AccountID const& main,
     AccountID const& other,
-    Currency const& currency) const -> std::optional<Adjustment>
+    Currency const& currency) const -> std::optional<AdjustmentIOU>
 {
-    std::optional<Adjustment> result;
+    std::optional<AdjustmentIOU> result;
 
-    Key const k = makeKey(main, other, currency);
-    auto i = credits_.find(k);
-    if (i == credits_.end())
+    KeyIOU const k = makeKeyIOU(main, other, currency);
+    auto i = creditsIOU_.find(k);
+    if (i == creditsIOU_.end())
         return result;
 
     auto const& v = i->second;
@@ -112,12 +203,21 @@ DeferredCredits::adjustments(
     return result;
 }
 
+auto
+DeferredCredits::adjustmentsMPT(xrpl::MPTID const& mptID) const -> std::optional<AdjustmentMPT>
+{
+    auto i = creditsMPT_.find(mptID);
+    if (i == creditsMPT_.end())
+        return std::nullopt;
+    return i->second;
+}
+
 void
 DeferredCredits::apply(DeferredCredits& to)
 {
-    for (auto const& i : credits_)
+    for (auto const& i : creditsIOU_)
     {
-        auto r = to.credits_.emplace(i);
+        auto r = to.creditsIOU_.emplace(i);
         if (!r.second)
         {
             auto& toVal = r.first->second;
@@ -128,6 +228,30 @@ DeferredCredits::apply(DeferredCredits& to)
         }
     }
 
+    for (auto const& i : creditsMPT_)
+    {
+        auto r = to.creditsMPT_.emplace(i);
+        if (!r.second)
+        {
+            auto& toVal = r.first->second;
+            auto const& fromVal = i.second;
+            toVal.credit += fromVal.credit;
+            toVal.selfDebit += fromVal.selfDebit;
+            for (auto& [k, v] : fromVal.holders)
+            {
+                if (toVal.holders.find(k) == toVal.holders.end())
+                {
+                    toVal.holders[k] = v;
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    toVal.holders[k].debit += v.debit;
+                }
+            }
+            // Do not update the orig balance, it's already correct
+        }
+    }
+
     for (auto const& i : ownerCounts_)
     {
         auto r = to.ownerCounts_.emplace(i);
@@ -143,11 +267,13 @@ DeferredCredits::apply(DeferredCredits& to)
 }  // namespace detail
 
 STAmount
-PaymentSandbox::balanceHook(
+PaymentSandbox::balanceHookIOU(
     AccountID const& account,
     AccountID const& issuer,
     STAmount const& amount) const
 {
+    XRPL_ASSERT(amount.holds<Issue>(), "balanceHookIOU: amount is for Issue");
+
     /*
     There are two algorithms here. The pre-switchover algorithm takes the
     current amount and subtracts the recorded credits. The post-switchover
@@ -159,14 +285,14 @@ PaymentSandbox::balanceHook(
     magnitudes, (B+C)-C may not equal B.
     */
 
-    auto const currency = amount.getCurrency();
+    auto const& currency = amount.get<Issue>().currency;
 
     auto delta = amount.zeroed();
     auto lastBal = amount;
     auto minBal = amount;
     for (auto curSB = this; curSB != nullptr; curSB = curSB->ps_)
     {
-        if (auto adj = curSB->tab_.adjustments(account, issuer, currency))
+        if (auto adj = curSB->tab_.adjustmentsIOU(account, issuer, currency))
         {
             delta += adj->debits;
             lastBal = adj->origBalance;
@@ -180,13 +306,13 @@ PaymentSandbox::balanceHook(
     // to compute usable balance just slightly above what the ledger
     // calculates (but always less than the actual balance).
     auto adjustedAmt = std::min({amount, lastBal - delta, minBal});
-    adjustedAmt.setIssuer(amount.getIssuer());
+    adjustedAmt.get<Issue>().account = amount.getIssuer();
 
     if (isXRP(issuer) && adjustedAmt < beast::zero)
     {
         // A calculated negative XRP balance is not an error case. Consider a
         // payment snippet that credits a large XRP amount and then debits the
-        // same amount. The credit can't be used but we subtract the debit and
+        // same amount. The credit can't be used, but we subtract the debit and
         // calculate a negative value. It's not an error case.
         adjustedAmt.clear();
     }
@@ -194,6 +320,64 @@ PaymentSandbox::balanceHook(
     return adjustedAmt;
 }
 
+STAmount
+PaymentSandbox::balanceHookMPT(AccountID const& account, MPTIssue const& issue, std::int64_t amount)
+    const
+{
+    auto const& issuer = issue.getIssuer();
+    bool const accountIsHolder = account != issuer;
+
+    std::int64_t delta = 0;
+    std::int64_t lastBal = amount;
+    std::int64_t minBal = amount;
+    for (auto curSB = this; curSB != nullptr; curSB = curSB->ps_)
+    {
+        if (auto adj = curSB->tab_.adjustmentsMPT(issue))
+        {
+            if (accountIsHolder)
+            {
+                if (auto const i = adj->holders.find(account); i != adj->holders.end())
+                {
+                    delta += i->second.debit;
+                    lastBal = i->second.origBalance;
+                }
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                delta += adj->credit;
+                lastBal = adj->origBalance;
+            }
+            minBal = std::min(lastBal, minBal);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // The adjusted amount should never be larger than the balance.
+
+    auto const adjustedAmt = std::min({amount, lastBal - delta, minBal});
+
+    return adjustedAmt > 0 ? STAmount{issue, adjustedAmt} : STAmount{issue};
+}
+
+STAmount
+PaymentSandbox::balanceHookSelfIssueMPT(xrpl::MPTIssue const& issue, std::int64_t amount) const
+{
+    std::int64_t selfDebited = 0;
+    std::int64_t lastBal = amount;
+    for (auto curSB = this; curSB != nullptr; curSB = curSB->ps_)
+    {
+        if (auto adj = curSB->tab_.adjustmentsMPT(issue))
+        {
+            selfDebited += adj->selfDebit;
+            lastBal = adj->origBalance;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (lastBal > selfDebited)
+        return STAmount{issue, lastBal - selfDebited};
+
+    return STAmount{issue};
+}
+
 std::uint32_t
 PaymentSandbox::ownerCountHook(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t count) const
 {
@@ -207,13 +391,39 @@ PaymentSandbox::ownerCountHook(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t count) co
 }
 
 void
-PaymentSandbox::creditHook(
+PaymentSandbox::creditHookIOU(
     AccountID const& from,
     AccountID const& to,
     STAmount const& amount,
     STAmount const& preCreditBalance)
 {
-    tab_.credit(from, to, amount, preCreditBalance);
+    XRPL_ASSERT(amount.holds<Issue>(), "creditHookIOU: amount is for Issue");
+
+    tab_.creditIOU(from, to, amount, preCreditBalance);
+}
+
+void
+PaymentSandbox::creditHookMPT(
+    AccountID const& from,
+    AccountID const& to,
+    STAmount const& amount,
+    std::uint64_t preCreditBalanceHolder,
+    std::int64_t preCreditBalanceIssuer)
+{
+    XRPL_ASSERT(amount.holds<MPTIssue>(), "creditHookMPT: amount is for MPTIssue");
+
+    tab_.creditMPT(from, to, amount, preCreditBalanceHolder, preCreditBalanceIssuer);
+}
+
+void
+PaymentSandbox::issuerSelfDebitHookMPT(
+    MPTIssue const& issue,
+    std::uint64_t amount,
+    std::int64_t origBalance)
+{
+    XRPL_ASSERT(amount > 0, "PaymentSandbox::issuerSelfDebitHookMPT: amount must be > 0");
+
+    tab_.issuerSelfDebitMPT(issue, amount, origBalance);
 }
 
 void
@@ -346,7 +556,7 @@ PaymentSandbox::balanceChanges(ReadView const& view) const
         }
         // The following are now set, put them in the map
         auto delta = newBalance - oldBalance;
-        auto const cur = newBalance.getCurrency();
+        auto const cur = newBalance.get<Issue>().currency;
         result[std::make_tuple(lowID, highID, cur)] = delta;
         auto r = result.emplace(std::make_tuple(lowID, lowID, cur), delta);
         if (r.second)

src/libxrpl/ledger/RawStateTable.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 #include <xrpl/basics/contract.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/detail/RawStateTable.h>
 
-#include <stdexcept>
-
 namespace xrpl {
 namespace detail {
 
@@ -243,7 +241,7 @@ RawStateTable::erase(std::shared_ptr<SLE> const& sle)
     switch (item.action)
     {
         case Action::erase:
-            Throw<std::logic_error>("RawStateTable::erase: already erased");
+            LogicError("RawStateTable::erase: already erased");
             break;
         case Action::insert:
             items_.erase(result.first);
@@ -272,10 +270,10 @@ RawStateTable::insert(std::shared_ptr<SLE> const& sle)
             item.sle = sle;
             break;
         case Action::insert:
-            Throw<std::logic_error>("RawStateTable::insert: already inserted");
+            LogicError("RawStateTable::insert: already inserted");
             break;
         case Action::replace:
-            Throw<std::logic_error>("RawStateTable::insert: already exists");
+            LogicError("RawStateTable::insert: already exists");
             break;
     }
 }
@@ -293,7 +291,7 @@ RawStateTable::replace(std::shared_ptr<SLE> const& sle)
     switch (item.action)
     {
         case Action::erase:
-            Throw<std::logic_error>("RawStateTable::replace: was erased");
+            LogicError("RawStateTable::replace: was erased");
             break;
         case Action::insert:
         case Action::replace:

src/libxrpl/ledger/View.cpp

@@ -84,11 +84,10 @@ bool
 isLPTokenFrozen(
     ReadView const& view,
     AccountID const& account,
-    Issue const& asset,
-    Issue const& asset2)
+    Asset const& asset,
+    Asset const& asset2)
 {
-    return isFrozen(view, account, asset.currency, asset.account) ||
-        isFrozen(view, account, asset2.currency, asset2.account);
+    return isFrozen(view, account, asset) || isFrozen(view, account, asset2);
 }
 
 bool
@@ -334,22 +333,19 @@ withdrawToDestExceedsLimit(
     if (from == to || to == issuer || isXRP(issuer))
         return tesSUCCESS;
 
-    return std::visit(
-        [&]<ValidIssueType TIss>(TIss const& issue) -> TER {
-            if constexpr (std::is_same_v<TIss, Issue>)
+    return amount.asset().visit(
+        [&](Issue const& issue) -> TER {
+            auto const& currency = issue.currency;
+            auto const owed = creditBalance(view, to, issuer, currency);
+            if (owed <= beast::zero)
             {
-                auto const& currency = issue.currency;
-                auto const owed = creditBalance(view, to, issuer, currency);
-                if (owed <= beast::zero)
-                {
-                    auto const limit = creditLimit(view, to, issuer, currency);
-                    if (-owed >= limit || amount > (limit + owed))
-                        return tecNO_LINE;
-                }
+                auto const limit = creditLimit(view, to, issuer, currency);
+                if (-owed >= limit || amount > (limit + owed))
+                    return tecNO_LINE;
             }
             return tesSUCCESS;
         },
-        amount.asset().value());
+        [](MPTIssue const&) -> TER { return tesSUCCESS; });
 }
 
 [[nodiscard]] TER

src/libxrpl/ledger/helpers/AMMHelpers.cpp

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 namespace xrpl {
 
 STAmount
-ammLPTokens(STAmount const& asset1, STAmount const& asset2, Issue const& lptIssue)
+ammLPTokens(STAmount const& asset1, STAmount const& asset2, Asset const& lptIssue)
 {
     // AMM invariant: sqrt(asset1 * asset2) >= LPTokensBalance
     auto const rounding = isFeatureEnabled(fixAMMv1_3) ? Number::downward : Number::getround();
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ lpTokensOut(
     if (!isFeatureEnabled(fixAMMv1_3))
     {
         auto const t = lptAMMBalance * (r - c) / (1 + c);
-        return toSTAmount(lptAMMBalance.issue(), t);
+        return toSTAmount(lptAMMBalance.asset(), t);
     }
 
     // minimize tokens out
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ ammAssetIn(
     auto const c = d * d - f2 * f2;
     if (!isFeatureEnabled(fixAMMv1_3))
     {
-        return toSTAmount(asset1Balance.issue(), asset1Balance * solveQuadraticEq(a, b, c));
+        return toSTAmount(asset1Balance.asset(), asset1Balance * solveQuadraticEq(a, b, c));
     }
 
     // maximize deposit
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ lpTokensIn(
     if (!isFeatureEnabled(fixAMMv1_3))
     {
         auto const t = lptAMMBalance * (c - root2(c * c - 4 * fr)) / 2;
-        return toSTAmount(lptAMMBalance.issue(), t);
+        return toSTAmount(lptAMMBalance.asset(), t);
     }
 
     // maximize tokens in
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ ammAssetOut(
     if (!isFeatureEnabled(fixAMMv1_3))
     {
         auto const b = assetBalance * (t1 * t1 - t1 * (2 - f)) / (t1 * f - 1);
-        return toSTAmount(assetBalance.issue(), b);
+        return toSTAmount(assetBalance.asset(), b);
     }
 
     // minimize withdraw
@@ -183,8 +183,8 @@ adjustAmountsByLPTokens(
         if (amount2)
         {
             Number const fr = lpTokensActual / lpTokens;
-            auto const amountActual = toSTAmount(amount.issue(), fr * amount);
-            auto const amount2Actual = toSTAmount(amount2->issue(), fr * *amount2);
+            auto const amountActual = toSTAmount(amount.asset(), fr * amount);
+            auto const amount2Actual = toSTAmount(amount2->asset(), fr * *amount2);
             if (!ammRoundingEnabled)
             {
                 return std::make_tuple(
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ multiply(STAmount const& amount, Number const& frac, Number::rounding_mode rm)
 {
     NumberRoundModeGuard const g(rm);
     auto const t = amount * frac;
-    return toSTAmount(amount.issue(), t, rm);
+    return toSTAmount(amount.asset(), t, rm);
 }
 
 STAmount
@@ -265,13 +265,13 @@ getRoundedAsset(
     IsDeposit isDeposit)
 {
     if (!rules.enabled(fixAMMv1_3))
-        return toSTAmount(balance.issue(), noRoundCb());
+        return toSTAmount(balance.asset(), noRoundCb());
 
     auto const rm = detail::getAssetRounding(isDeposit);
     if (isDeposit == IsDeposit::Yes)
         return multiply(balance, productCb(), rm);
     NumberRoundModeGuard const g(rm);
-    return toSTAmount(balance.issue(), productCb(), rm);
+    return toSTAmount(balance.asset(), productCb(), rm);
 }
 
 STAmount
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ getRoundedLPTokens(
     IsDeposit isDeposit)
 {
     if (!rules.enabled(fixAMMv1_3))
-        return toSTAmount(balance.issue(), balance * frac);
+        return toSTAmount(balance.asset(), balance * frac);
 
     auto const rm = detail::getLPTokenRounding(isDeposit);
     auto const tokens = multiply(balance, frac, rm);
@@ -298,14 +298,14 @@ getRoundedLPTokens(
     IsDeposit isDeposit)
 {
     if (!rules.enabled(fixAMMv1_3))
-        return toSTAmount(lptAMMBalance.issue(), noRoundCb());
+        return toSTAmount(lptAMMBalance.asset(), noRoundCb());
 
     auto const tokens = [&] {
         auto const rm = detail::getLPTokenRounding(isDeposit);
         if (isDeposit == IsDeposit::Yes)
         {
             NumberRoundModeGuard const g(rm);
-            return toSTAmount(lptAMMBalance.issue(), productCb(), rm);
+            return toSTAmount(lptAMMBalance.asset(), productCb(), rm);
         }
         return multiply(lptAMMBalance, productCb(), rm);
     }();

src/libxrpl/ledger/helpers/AMMUtils.cpp

@@ -12,13 +12,16 @@ std::pair<STAmount, STAmount>
 ammPoolHolds(
     ReadView const& view,
     AccountID const& ammAccountID,
-    Issue const& issue1,
-    Issue const& issue2,
+    Asset const& asset1,
+    Asset const& asset2,
     FreezeHandling freezeHandling,
+    AuthHandling authHandling,
     beast::Journal const j)
 {
-    auto const assetInBalance = accountHolds(view, ammAccountID, issue1, freezeHandling, j);
-    auto const assetOutBalance = accountHolds(view, ammAccountID, issue2, freezeHandling, j);
+    auto const assetInBalance =
+        accountHolds(view, ammAccountID, asset1, freezeHandling, authHandling, j);
+    auto const assetOutBalance =
+        accountHolds(view, ammAccountID, asset2, freezeHandling, authHandling, j);
     return std::make_pair(assetInBalance, assetOutBalance);
 }
 
@@ -26,38 +29,39 @@ Expected<std::tuple<STAmount, STAmount, STAmount>, TER>
 ammHolds(
     ReadView const& view,
     SLE const& ammSle,
-    std::optional<Issue> const& optIssue1,
-    std::optional<Issue> const& optIssue2,
+    std::optional<Asset> const& optAsset1,
+    std::optional<Asset> const& optAsset2,
     FreezeHandling freezeHandling,
+    AuthHandling authHandling,
     beast::Journal const j)
 {
-    auto const issues = [&]() -> std::optional<std::pair<Issue, Issue>> {
-        auto const issue1 = ammSle[sfAsset].get<Issue>();
-        auto const issue2 = ammSle[sfAsset2].get<Issue>();
-        if (optIssue1 && optIssue2)
+    auto const assets = [&]() -> std::optional<std::pair<Asset, Asset>> {
+        auto const asset1 = ammSle[sfAsset];
+        auto const asset2 = ammSle[sfAsset2];
+        if (optAsset1 && optAsset2)
         {
             if (invalidAMMAssetPair(
-                    *optIssue1, *optIssue2, std::make_optional(std::make_pair(issue1, issue2))))
+                    *optAsset1, *optAsset2, std::make_optional(std::make_pair(asset1, asset2))))
             {
                 // This error can only be hit if the AMM is corrupted
                 // LCOV_EXCL_START
-                JLOG(j.debug()) << "ammHolds: Invalid optIssue1 or optIssue2 " << *optIssue1 << " "
-                                << *optIssue2;
+                JLOG(j.debug()) << "ammHolds: Invalid optAsset1 or optAsset2 " << *optAsset1 << " "
+                                << *optAsset2;
                 return std::nullopt;
                 // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
             }
-            return std::make_optional(std::make_pair(*optIssue1, *optIssue2));
+            return std::make_optional(std::make_pair(*optAsset1, *optAsset2));
         }
-        auto const singleIssue = [&issue1, &issue2, &j](
-                                     Issue checkIssue,
-                                     char const* label) -> std::optional<std::pair<Issue, Issue>> {
-            if (checkIssue == issue1)
+        auto const singleAsset = [&asset1, &asset2, &j](
+                                     Asset checkIssue,
+                                     char const* label) -> std::optional<std::pair<Asset, Asset>> {
+            if (checkIssue == asset1)
             {
-                return std::make_optional(std::make_pair(issue1, issue2));
+                return std::make_optional(std::make_pair(asset1, asset2));
             }
-            if (checkIssue == issue2)
+            if (checkIssue == asset2)
             {
-                return std::make_optional(std::make_pair(issue2, issue1));
+                return std::make_optional(std::make_pair(asset2, asset1));
             }
             // Unreachable unless AMM corrupted.
             // LCOV_EXCL_START
@@ -65,29 +69,35 @@ ammHolds(
             return std::nullopt;
             // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
         };
-        if (optIssue1)
+        if (optAsset1)
         {
-            return singleIssue(*optIssue1, "optIssue1");
+            return singleAsset(*optAsset1, "optAsset1");
         }
-        if (optIssue2)
+        if (optAsset2)
         {
             // Cannot have Amount2 without Amount.
-            return singleIssue(*optIssue2, "optIssue2");  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+            return singleAsset(*optAsset2, "optAsset2");  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
         }
-        return std::make_optional(std::make_pair(issue1, issue2));
+        return std::make_optional(std::make_pair(asset1, asset2));
     }();
-    if (!issues)
+    if (!assets)
         return Unexpected(tecAMM_INVALID_TOKENS);
-    auto const [asset1, asset2] = ammPoolHolds(
-        view, ammSle.getAccountID(sfAccount), issues->first, issues->second, freezeHandling, j);
-    return std::make_tuple(asset1, asset2, ammSle[sfLPTokenBalance]);
+    auto const [amount1, amount2] = ammPoolHolds(
+        view,
+        ammSle.getAccountID(sfAccount),
+        assets->first,
+        assets->second,
+        freezeHandling,
+        authHandling,
+        j);
+    return std::make_tuple(amount1, amount2, ammSle[sfLPTokenBalance]);
 }
 
 STAmount
 ammLPHolds(
     ReadView const& view,
-    Currency const& cur1,
-    Currency const& cur2,
+    Asset const& asset1,
+    Asset const& asset2,
     AccountID const& ammAccount,
     AccountID const& lpAccount,
     beast::Journal const j)
@@ -97,7 +107,7 @@ ammLPHolds(
     // checks if the underlying assets of LPToken are frozen with the
     // fixFrozenLPTokenTransfer amendment
 
-    auto const currency = ammLPTCurrency(cur1, cur2);
+    auto const currency = ammLPTCurrency(asset1, asset2);
     STAmount amount;
 
     auto const sle = view.read(keylet::line(lpAccount, ammAccount, currency));
@@ -123,14 +133,14 @@ ammLPHolds(
             // Put balance in account terms.
             amount.negate();
         }
-        amount.setIssuer(ammAccount);
+        amount.get<Issue>().account = ammAccount;
 
         JLOG(j.trace()) << "ammLPHolds:"
                         << " lpAccount=" << to_string(lpAccount)
                         << " amount=" << amount.getFullText();
     }
 
-    return view.balanceHook(lpAccount, ammAccount, amount);
+    return view.balanceHookIOU(lpAccount, ammAccount, amount);
 }
 
 STAmount
@@ -140,13 +150,7 @@ ammLPHolds(
     AccountID const& lpAccount,
     beast::Journal const j)
 {
-    return ammLPHolds(
-        view,
-        ammSle[sfAsset].get<Issue>().currency,
-        ammSle[sfAsset2].get<Issue>().currency,
-        ammSle[sfAccount],
-        lpAccount,
-        j);
+    return ammLPHolds(view, ammSle[sfAsset], ammSle[sfAsset2], ammSle[sfAccount], lpAccount, j);
 }
 
 std::uint16_t
@@ -180,25 +184,35 @@ getTradingFee(ReadView const& view, SLE const& ammSle, AccountID const& account)
 }
 
 STAmount
-ammAccountHolds(ReadView const& view, AccountID const& ammAccountID, Issue const& issue)
+ammAccountHolds(ReadView const& view, AccountID const& ammAccountID, Asset const& asset)
 {
-    if (isXRP(issue))
-    {
-        if (auto const sle = view.read(keylet::account(ammAccountID)))
-            return (*sle)[sfBalance];
-    }
-    else if (
-        auto const sle = view.read(keylet::line(ammAccountID, issue.account, issue.currency));
-        sle && !isFrozen(view, ammAccountID, issue.currency, issue.account))
-    {
-        auto amount = (*sle)[sfBalance];
-        if (ammAccountID > issue.account)
-            amount.negate();
-        amount.setIssuer(issue.account);
-        return amount;
-    }
-
-    return STAmount{issue};
+    // Get the actual AMM balance without factoring in the balance hook
+    return asset.visit(
+        [&](MPTIssue const& issue) {
+            if (auto const sle = view.read(keylet::mptoken(issue, ammAccountID));
+                sle && !isFrozen(view, ammAccountID, issue))
+                return STAmount{issue, (*sle)[sfMPTAmount]};
+            return STAmount{asset};
+        },
+        [&](Issue const& issue) {
+            if (isXRP(issue))
+            {
+                if (auto const sle = view.read(keylet::account(ammAccountID)))
+                    return (*sle)[sfBalance];
+            }
+            else if (
+                auto const sle =
+                    view.read(keylet::line(ammAccountID, issue.account, issue.currency));
+                sle && !isFrozen(view, ammAccountID, issue.currency, issue.account))
+            {
+                STAmount amount = (*sle)[sfBalance];
+                if (ammAccountID > issue.account)
+                    amount.negate();
+                amount.get<Issue>().account = issue.account;
+                return amount;
+            }
+            return STAmount{asset};
+        });
 }
 
 static TER
@@ -214,36 +228,80 @@ deleteAMMTrustLines(
         [&](LedgerEntryType nodeType,
             uint256 const&,
             std::shared_ptr<SLE>& sleItem) -> std::pair<TER, SkipEntry> {
-            // Skip AMM
-            if (nodeType == LedgerEntryType::ltAMM)
+            // Skip AMM and MPToken
+            if (nodeType == ltAMM || nodeType == ltMPTOKEN)
                 return {tesSUCCESS, SkipEntry::Yes};
-            // Should only have the trustlines
-            if (nodeType != LedgerEntryType::ltRIPPLE_STATE)
-            {
-                // LCOV_EXCL_START
-                JLOG(j.error()) << "deleteAMMTrustLines: deleting non-trustline " << nodeType;
-                return {tecINTERNAL, SkipEntry::No};
-                // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
-            }
 
-            // Trustlines must have zero balance
-            if (sleItem->getFieldAmount(sfBalance) != beast::zero)
+            if (nodeType == ltRIPPLE_STATE)
             {
-                // LCOV_EXCL_START
-                JLOG(j.error()) << "deleteAMMTrustLines: deleting trustline with "
-                                   "non-zero balance.";
-                return {tecINTERNAL, SkipEntry::No};
-                // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
-            }
+                // Trustlines must have zero balance
+                if (sleItem->getFieldAmount(sfBalance) != beast::zero)
+                {
+                    // LCOV_EXCL_START
+                    JLOG(j.error()) << "deleteAMMObjects: deleting trustline with "
+                                       "non-zero balance.";
+                    return {tecINTERNAL, SkipEntry::No};
+                    // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
+                }
 
-            return {deleteAMMTrustLine(sb, sleItem, ammAccountID, j), SkipEntry::No};
+                return {deleteAMMTrustLine(sb, sleItem, ammAccountID, j), SkipEntry::No};
+            }
+            // LCOV_EXCL_START
+            JLOG(j.error()) << "deleteAMMObjects: deleting non-trustline or non-MPT " << nodeType;
+            return {tecINTERNAL, SkipEntry::No};
+            // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
         },
         j,
         maxTrustlinesToDelete);
 }
 
+static TER
+deleteAMMMPTokens(Sandbox& sb, AccountID const& ammAccountID, beast::Journal j)
+{
+    return cleanupOnAccountDelete(
+        sb,
+        keylet::ownerDir(ammAccountID),
+        [&](LedgerEntryType nodeType,
+            uint256 const&,
+            std::shared_ptr<SLE>& sleItem) -> std::pair<TER, SkipEntry> {
+            // Skip AMM
+            if (nodeType == ltAMM)
+                return {tesSUCCESS, SkipEntry::Yes};
+
+            if (nodeType == ltMPTOKEN)
+            {
+                // MPT must have zero balance
+                if (sleItem->getFieldU64(sfMPTAmount) != 0 ||
+                    (*sleItem)[~sfLockedAmount].value_or(0) != 0)
+                {
+                    // LCOV_EXCL_START
+                    JLOG(j.error()) << "deleteAMMObjects: deleting MPT with "
+                                       "non-zero balance.";
+                    return {tecINTERNAL, SkipEntry::No};
+                    // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
+                }
+
+                return {deleteAMMMPToken(sb, sleItem, ammAccountID, j), SkipEntry::No};
+            }
+            if (nodeType == ltRIPPLE_STATE)
+            {
+                // Trustlines should have been deleted
+                // LCOV_EXCL_START
+                JLOG(j.error()) << "deleteAMMObjects: trustlines should have been deleted";
+                return {tecINTERNAL, SkipEntry::No};
+                // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
+            }
+            // LCOV_EXCL_START
+            JLOG(j.error()) << "deleteAMMObjects: deleting non-trustline or non-MPT " << nodeType;
+            return {tecINTERNAL, SkipEntry::No};
+            // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
+        },
+        j,
+        3);  // At most two MPToken plus AMM object
+}
+
 TER
-deleteAMMAccount(Sandbox& sb, Issue const& asset, Issue const& asset2, beast::Journal j)
+deleteAMMAccount(Sandbox& sb, Asset const& asset, Asset const& asset2, beast::Journal j)
 {
     auto ammSle = sb.peek(keylet::amm(asset, asset2));
     if (!ammSle)
@@ -269,6 +327,12 @@ deleteAMMAccount(Sandbox& sb, Issue const& asset, Issue const& asset2, beast::Jo
         !isTesSuccess(ter))
         return ter;
 
+    // Delete AMM's MPTokens only if all trustlines are deleted. If trustlines
+    // are not deleted then AMM can be re-created with Deposit and
+    // AMM's MPToken(s) must exist.
+    if (auto const ter = deleteAMMMPTokens(sb, ammAccountID, j); !isTesSuccess(ter))
+        return ter;
+
     auto const ownerDirKeylet = keylet::ownerDir(ammAccountID);
     if (!sb.dirRemove(ownerDirKeylet, (*ammSle)[sfOwnerNode], ammSle->key(), false))
     {
@@ -297,7 +361,7 @@ initializeFeeAuctionVote(
     ApplyView& view,
     std::shared_ptr<SLE>& ammSle,
     AccountID const& account,
-    Issue const& lptIssue,
+    Asset const& lptAsset,
     std::uint16_t tfee)
 {
     auto const& rules = view.rules();
@@ -326,7 +390,7 @@ initializeFeeAuctionVote(
                                 .count() +
         TOTAL_TIME_SLOT_SECS;
     auctionSlot.setFieldU32(sfExpiration, expiration);
-    auctionSlot.setFieldAmount(sfPrice, STAmount{lptIssue, 0});
+    auctionSlot.setFieldAmount(sfPrice, STAmount{lptAsset, 0});
     // Set the fee
     if (tfee != 0)
     {
@@ -351,17 +415,23 @@ isOnlyLiquidityProvider(ReadView const& view, Issue const& ammIssue, AccountID c
 {
     // Liquidity Provider (LP) must have one LPToken trustline
     std::uint8_t nLPTokenTrustLines = 0;
-    // There are at most two IOU trustlines. One or both could be to the LP
-    // if LP is the issuer, or a different account if LP is not an issuer.
-    // For instance, if AMM has two tokens USD and EUR and LP is not the issuer
-    // of the tokens then the trustlines are between AMM account and the issuer.
+    // AMM account has at most two IOU (pool tokens, not LPToken) trustlines.
+    // One or both trustlines could be to the LP if LP is the issuer,
+    // or a different account if LP is not an issuer. For instance,
+    // if AMM has two tokens USD and EUR and LP is not the issuer of the tokens
+    // then the trustlines are between AMM account and the issuer.
+    // There is one LPToken trustline for each LP. Only remaining LP has
+    // exactly one LPToken trustlines and at most two IOU trustline for each
+    // pool token. One or both tokens could be MPT.
     std::uint8_t nIOUTrustLines = 0;
+    // There are at most two MPT objects, one for each side of the pool.
+    std::uint8_t nMPT = 0;
     // There is only one AMM object
     bool hasAMM = false;
-    // AMM LP has at most three trustlines and only one AMM object must exist.
-    // If there are more than five objects then it's either an error or
-    // there are more than one LP. Ten pages should be sufficient to include
-    // five objects.
+    // AMM LP has at most three trustlines, at most two MPTs, and only one
+    // AMM object must exist. If there are more than four objects then
+    // it's either an error or there are more than one LP. Ten pages should
+    // be sufficient to include four objects.
     std::uint8_t limit = 10;
     auto const root = keylet::ownerDir(ammIssue.account);
     auto currentIndex = root;
@@ -377,22 +447,28 @@ isOnlyLiquidityProvider(ReadView const& view, Issue const& ammIssue, AccountID c
             auto const sle = view.read(keylet::child(key));
             if (!sle)
                 return Unexpected<TER>(tecINTERNAL);  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+            auto const entryType = sle->getFieldU16(sfLedgerEntryType);
             // Only one AMM object
-            if (sle->getFieldU16(sfLedgerEntryType) == ltAMM)
+            if (entryType == ltAMM)
             {
                 if (hasAMM)
                     return Unexpected<TER>(tecINTERNAL);  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
                 hasAMM = true;
                 continue;
             }
-            if (sle->getFieldU16(sfLedgerEntryType) != ltRIPPLE_STATE)
+            if (entryType == ltMPTOKEN)
+            {
+                ++nMPT;
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (entryType != ltRIPPLE_STATE)
                 return Unexpected<TER>(tecINTERNAL);  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
             auto const lowLimit = sle->getFieldAmount(sfLowLimit);
             auto const highLimit = sle->getFieldAmount(sfHighLimit);
             auto const isLPTrustline =
                 lowLimit.getIssuer() == lpAccount || highLimit.getIssuer() == lpAccount;
             auto const isLPTokenTrustline =
-                lowLimit.issue() == ammIssue || highLimit.issue() == ammIssue;
+                lowLimit.asset() == ammIssue || highLimit.asset() == ammIssue;
 
             // Liquidity Provider trustline
             if (isLPTrustline)
@@ -400,9 +476,11 @@ isOnlyLiquidityProvider(ReadView const& view, Issue const& ammIssue, AccountID c
                 // LPToken trustline
                 if (isLPTokenTrustline)
                 {
+                    // LP has exactly one LPToken trustline
                     if (++nLPTokenTrustLines > 1)
                         return Unexpected<TER>(tecINTERNAL);  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
                 }
+                // AMM account has at most two IOU trustlines
                 else if (++nIOUTrustLines > 2)
                 {
                     return Unexpected<TER>(tecINTERNAL);  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
@@ -413,6 +491,7 @@ isOnlyLiquidityProvider(ReadView const& view, Issue const& ammIssue, AccountID c
             {
                 return false;
             }
+            // AMM account has at most two IOU trustlines
             else if (++nIOUTrustLines > 2)
             {
                 return Unexpected<TER>(tecINTERNAL);  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
@@ -421,7 +500,8 @@ isOnlyLiquidityProvider(ReadView const& view, Issue const& ammIssue, AccountID c
         auto const uNodeNext = ownerDir->getFieldU64(sfIndexNext);
         if (uNodeNext == 0)
         {
-            if (nLPTokenTrustLines != 1 || nIOUTrustLines == 0 || nIOUTrustLines > 2)
+            if (nLPTokenTrustLines != 1 || (nIOUTrustLines == 0 && nMPT == 0) ||
+                (nIOUTrustLines > 2 || nMPT > 2) || (nIOUTrustLines + nMPT) > 2)
                 return Unexpected<TER>(tecINTERNAL);  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
             return true;
         }
@@ -437,7 +517,7 @@ verifyAndAdjustLPTokenBalance(
     std::shared_ptr<SLE>& ammSle,
     AccountID const& account)
 {
-    auto const res = isOnlyLiquidityProvider(sb, lpTokens.issue(), account);
+    auto const res = isOnlyLiquidityProvider(sb, lpTokens.get<Issue>(), account);
     if (!res.has_value())
     {
         return Unexpected<TER>(res.error());

src/libxrpl/ledger/helpers/AccountRootHelpers.cpp

@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@
 
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <limits>
-#include <stdexcept>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 
@@ -81,7 +80,7 @@ xrpLiquid(ReadView const& view, AccountID const& id, std::int32_t ownerCountAdj,
 
     auto const fullBalance = sle->getFieldAmount(sfBalance);
 
-    auto const balance = view.balanceHook(id, xrpAccount(), fullBalance);
+    auto const balance = view.balanceHookIOU(id, xrpAccount(), fullBalance);
 
     STAmount const amount = (balance < reserve) ? STAmount{0} : balance - reserve;
 
@@ -154,7 +153,7 @@ getPseudoAccountFields()
         if (!ar)
         {
             // LCOV_EXCL_START
-            Throw<std::logic_error>(
+            LogicError(
                 "xrpl::getPseudoAccountFields : unable to find account root "
                 "ledger format");
             // LCOV_EXCL_STOP

src/libxrpl/ledger/helpers/MPTokenHelpers.cpp

@@ -306,18 +306,11 @@ requireAuth(
                 return tefINTERNAL;  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
 
             auto const asset = sleVault->at(sfAsset);
-            if (auto const err = std::visit(
-                    [&]<ValidIssueType TIss>(TIss const& issue) {
-                        if constexpr (std::is_same_v<TIss, Issue>)
-                        {
-                            return requireAuth(view, issue, account, authType);
-                        }
-                        else
-                        {
-                            return requireAuth(view, issue, account, authType, depth + 1);
-                        }
-                    },
-                    asset.value());
+            if (auto const err = asset.visit(
+                    [&](Issue const& issue) { return requireAuth(view, issue, account, authType); },
+                    [&](MPTIssue const& issue) {
+                        return requireAuth(view, issue, account, authType, depth + 1);
+                    });
                 !isTesSuccess(err))
                 return err;
         }
@@ -487,6 +480,21 @@ canTransfer(
     return tesSUCCESS;
 }
 
+TER
+canTrade(ReadView const& view, Asset const& asset)
+{
+    return asset.visit(
+        [&](Issue const&) -> TER { return tesSUCCESS; },
+        [&](MPTIssue const& mptIssue) -> TER {
+            auto const sleIssuance = view.read(keylet::mptIssuance(mptIssue.getMptID()));
+            if (!sleIssuance)
+                return tecOBJECT_NOT_FOUND;
+            if (!sleIssuance->isFlag(lsfMPTCanTrade))
+                return tecNO_PERMISSION;
+            return tesSUCCESS;
+        });
+}
+
 TER
 lockEscrowMPT(ApplyView& view, AccountID const& sender, STAmount const& amount, beast::Journal j)
 {
@@ -770,4 +778,149 @@ createMPToken(
     return tesSUCCESS;
 }
 
+TER
+checkCreateMPT(
+    xrpl::ApplyView& view,
+    xrpl::MPTIssue const& mptIssue,
+    xrpl::AccountID const& holder,
+    beast::Journal j)
+{
+    if (mptIssue.getIssuer() == holder)
+        return tesSUCCESS;
+
+    auto const mptIssuanceID = keylet::mptIssuance(mptIssue.getMptID());
+    auto const mptokenID = keylet::mptoken(mptIssuanceID.key, holder);
+    if (!view.exists(mptokenID))
+    {
+        if (auto const err = createMPToken(view, mptIssue.getMptID(), holder, 0);
+            !isTesSuccess(err))
+        {
+            return err;
+        }
+        auto const sleAcct = view.peek(keylet::account(holder));
+        if (!sleAcct)
+        {
+            return tecINTERNAL;
+        }
+        adjustOwnerCount(view, sleAcct, 1, j);
+    }
+    return tesSUCCESS;
+}
+
+std::int64_t
+maxMPTAmount(SLE const& sleIssuance)
+{
+    return sleIssuance[~sfMaximumAmount].value_or(maxMPTokenAmount);
+}
+
+std::int64_t
+availableMPTAmount(SLE const& sleIssuance)
+{
+    auto const max = maxMPTAmount(sleIssuance);
+    auto const outstanding = sleIssuance[sfOutstandingAmount];
+    return max - outstanding;
+}
+
+std::int64_t
+availableMPTAmount(ReadView const& view, MPTID const& mptID)
+{
+    auto const sle = view.read(keylet::mptIssuance(mptID));
+    if (!sle)
+        Throw<std::runtime_error>(transHuman(tecINTERNAL));
+    return availableMPTAmount(*sle);
+}
+
+bool
+isMPTOverflow(
+    std::int64_t sendAmount,
+    std::uint64_t outstandingAmount,
+    std::int64_t maximumAmount,
+    AllowMPTOverflow allowOverflow)
+{
+    std::uint64_t const limit = (allowOverflow == AllowMPTOverflow::Yes)
+        ? std::numeric_limits<std::uint64_t>::max()
+        : maximumAmount;
+    return (sendAmount > maximumAmount || outstandingAmount > (limit - sendAmount));
+}
+
+STAmount
+issuerFundsToSelfIssue(ReadView const& view, MPTIssue const& issue)
+{
+    STAmount amount{issue};
+
+    auto const sle = view.read(keylet::mptIssuance(issue));
+    if (!sle)
+        return amount;
+    auto const available = availableMPTAmount(*sle);
+    return view.balanceHookSelfIssueMPT(issue, available);
+}
+
+void
+issuerSelfDebitHookMPT(ApplyView& view, MPTIssue const& issue, std::uint64_t amount)
+{
+    auto const available = availableMPTAmount(view, issue);
+    view.issuerSelfDebitHookMPT(issue, amount, available);
+}
+
+static TER
+checkMPTAllowed(ReadView const& view, TxType txType, Asset const& asset, AccountID const& accountID)
+{
+    if (!asset.holds<MPTIssue>())
+        return tesSUCCESS;
+
+    auto const& issuanceID = asset.get<MPTIssue>().getMptID();
+    auto const validTx = txType == ttAMM_CREATE || txType == ttAMM_DEPOSIT ||
+        txType == ttAMM_WITHDRAW || txType == ttOFFER_CREATE || txType == ttCHECK_CREATE ||
+        txType == ttCHECK_CASH || txType == ttPAYMENT;
+    XRPL_ASSERT(validTx, "xrpl::checkMPTAllowed : all MPT tx or DEX");
+    if (!validTx)
+        return tefINTERNAL;  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+
+    auto const& issuer = asset.getIssuer();
+    if (!view.exists(keylet::account(issuer)))
+        return tecNO_ISSUER;  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+
+    auto const issuanceKey = keylet::mptIssuance(issuanceID);
+    auto const issuanceSle = view.read(issuanceKey);
+    if (!issuanceSle)
+        return tecOBJECT_NOT_FOUND;  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+
+    auto const flags = issuanceSle->getFlags();
+
+    if ((flags & lsfMPTLocked) != 0u)
+        return tecLOCKED;  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+    // Offer crossing and Payment
+    if ((flags & lsfMPTCanTrade) == 0)
+        return tecNO_PERMISSION;
+
+    if (accountID != issuer)
+    {
+        if ((flags & lsfMPTCanTransfer) == 0)
+            return tecNO_PERMISSION;
+
+        auto const mptSle = view.read(keylet::mptoken(issuanceKey.key, accountID));
+        // Allow to succeed since some tx create MPToken if it doesn't exist.
+        // Tx's have their own check for missing MPToken.
+        if (!mptSle)
+            return tesSUCCESS;
+
+        if (mptSle->isFlag(lsfMPTLocked))
+            return tecLOCKED;
+    }
+
+    return tesSUCCESS;
+}
+
+TER
+checkMPTTxAllowed(
+    ReadView const& view,
+    TxType txType,
+    Asset const& asset,
+    AccountID const& accountID)
+{
+    // use isDEXAllowed for payment/offer crossing
+    XRPL_ASSERT(txType != ttPAYMENT, "xrpl::checkMPTTxAllowed : not payment");
+    return checkMPTAllowed(view, txType, asset, accountID);
+}
+
 }  // namespace xrpl

src/libxrpl/ledger/helpers/NFTokenHelpers.cpp

@@ -855,15 +855,15 @@ tokenOfferCreatePreclaim(
         if (view.rules().enabled(featureNFTokenMintOffer))
         {
             if (nftIssuer != amount.getIssuer() &&
-                !view.read(keylet::line(nftIssuer, amount.issue())))
+                !view.read(keylet::line(nftIssuer, amount.get<Issue>())))
                 return tecNO_LINE;
         }
-        else if (!view.exists(keylet::line(nftIssuer, amount.issue())))
+        else if (!view.exists(keylet::line(nftIssuer, amount.get<Issue>())))
         {
             return tecNO_LINE;
         }
 
-        if (isFrozen(view, nftIssuer, amount.getCurrency(), amount.getIssuer()))
+        if (isFrozen(view, nftIssuer, amount.get<Issue>().currency, amount.getIssuer()))
             return tecFROZEN;
     }
 
@@ -876,7 +876,7 @@ tokenOfferCreatePreclaim(
             return tefNFTOKEN_IS_NOT_TRANSFERABLE;
     }
 
-    if (isFrozen(view, acctID, amount.getCurrency(), amount.getIssuer()))
+    if (isFrozen(view, acctID, amount.get<Issue>().currency, amount.getIssuer()))
         return tecFROZEN;
 
     // If this is an offer to buy the token, the account must have the

src/libxrpl/ledger/helpers/RippleStateHelpers.cpp

@@ -33,11 +33,14 @@ creditLimit(
     if (sleRippleState)
     {
         result = sleRippleState->getFieldAmount(account < issuer ? sfLowLimit : sfHighLimit);
-        result.setIssuer(account);
+        result.get<Issue>().account = account;
     }
 
     XRPL_ASSERT(result.getIssuer() == account, "xrpl::creditLimit : result issuer match");
-    XRPL_ASSERT(result.getCurrency() == currency, "xrpl::creditLimit : result currency match");
+    XRPL_ASSERT(
+        result.get<Issue>().currency == currency,
+        "xrpl::creditLimit : result currency "
+        "match");
     return result;
 }
 
@@ -63,11 +66,14 @@ creditBalance(
         result = sleRippleState->getFieldAmount(sfBalance);
         if (account < issuer)
             result.negate();
-        result.setIssuer(account);
+        result.get<Issue>().account = account;
     }
 
     XRPL_ASSERT(result.getIssuer() == account, "xrpl::creditBalance : result issuer match");
-    XRPL_ASSERT(result.getCurrency() == currency, "xrpl::creditBalance : result currency match");
+    XRPL_ASSERT(
+        result.get<Issue>().currency == currency,
+        "xrpl::creditBalance : result currency "
+        "match");
     return result;
 }
 
@@ -222,7 +228,7 @@ trustCreate(
     sleRippleState->setFieldAmount(bSetHigh ? sfHighLimit : sfLowLimit, saLimit);
     sleRippleState->setFieldAmount(
         bSetHigh ? sfLowLimit : sfHighLimit,
-        STAmount(Issue{saBalance.getCurrency(), bSetDst ? uSrcAccountID : uDstAccountID}));
+        STAmount(Issue{saBalance.get<Issue>().currency, bSetDst ? uSrcAccountID : uDstAccountID}));
 
     if (uQualityIn != 0u)
         sleRippleState->setFieldU32(bSetHigh ? sfHighQualityIn : sfLowQualityIn, uQualityIn);
@@ -261,7 +267,7 @@ trustCreate(
     // ONLY: Create ripple balance.
     sleRippleState->setFieldAmount(sfBalance, bSetHigh ? -saBalance : saBalance);
 
-    view.creditHook(uSrcAccountID, uDstAccountID, saBalance, saBalance.zeroed());
+    view.creditHookIOU(uSrcAccountID, uDstAccountID, saBalance, saBalance.zeroed());
 
     return tesSUCCESS;
 }
@@ -367,7 +373,7 @@ issueIOU(
         "xrpl::issueIOU : neither account nor issuer is XRP");
 
     // Consistency check
-    XRPL_ASSERT(issue == amount.issue(), "xrpl::issueIOU : matching issue");
+    XRPL_ASSERT(issue == amount.get<Issue>(), "xrpl::issueIOU : matching issue");
 
     // Can't send to self!
     XRPL_ASSERT(issue.account != account, "xrpl::issueIOU : not issuer account");
@@ -392,7 +398,7 @@ issueIOU(
         auto const must_delete = updateTrustLine(
             view, state, bSenderHigh, issue.account, start_balance, final_balance, j);
 
-        view.creditHook(issue.account, account, amount, start_balance);
+        view.creditHookIOU(issue.account, account, amount, start_balance);
 
         if (bSenderHigh)
             final_balance.negate();
@@ -422,7 +428,7 @@ issueIOU(
     STAmount const limit(Issue{issue.currency, account});
     STAmount final_balance = amount;
 
-    final_balance.setIssuer(noAccount());
+    final_balance.get<Issue>().account = noAccount();
 
     auto const receiverAccount = view.peek(keylet::account(account));
     if (!receiverAccount)
@@ -461,7 +467,7 @@ redeemIOU(
         "xrpl::redeemIOU : neither account nor issuer is XRP");
 
     // Consistency check
-    XRPL_ASSERT(issue == amount.issue(), "xrpl::redeemIOU : matching issue");
+    XRPL_ASSERT(issue == amount.get<Issue>(), "xrpl::redeemIOU : matching issue");
 
     // Can't send to self!
     XRPL_ASSERT(issue.account != account, "xrpl::redeemIOU : not issuer account");
@@ -484,7 +490,7 @@ redeemIOU(
         auto const must_delete =
             updateTrustLine(view, state, bSenderHigh, account, start_balance, final_balance, j);
 
-        view.creditHook(account, issue.account, amount, start_balance);
+        view.creditHookIOU(account, issue.account, amount, start_balance);
 
         if (bSenderHigh)
             final_balance.negate();
@@ -757,4 +763,20 @@ deleteAMMTrustLine(
     return tesSUCCESS;
 }
 
+TER
+deleteAMMMPToken(
+    ApplyView& view,
+    std::shared_ptr<SLE> sleMpt,
+    AccountID const& ammAccountID,
+    beast::Journal j)
+{
+    if (!view.dirRemove(
+            keylet::ownerDir(ammAccountID), (*sleMpt)[sfOwnerNode], sleMpt->key(), false))
+        return tefBAD_LEDGER;  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
+
+    view.erase(sleMpt);
+
+    return tesSUCCESS;
+}
+
 }  // namespace xrpl

src/libxrpl/ledger/helpers/TokenHelpers.cpp

@@ -23,8 +23,8 @@ bool
 isLPTokenFrozen(
     ReadView const& view,
     AccountID const& account,
-    Issue const& asset,
-    Issue const& asset2);
+    Asset const& asset,
+    Asset const& asset2);
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 //
@@ -35,18 +35,9 @@ isLPTokenFrozen(
 bool
 isGlobalFrozen(ReadView const& view, Asset const& asset)
 {
-    return std::visit(
-        [&]<ValidIssueType TIss>(TIss const& issue) {
-            if constexpr (std::is_same_v<TIss, Issue>)
-            {
-                return isGlobalFrozen(view, issue.getIssuer());
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                return isGlobalFrozen(view, issue);
-            }
-        },
-        asset.value());
+    return asset.visit(
+        [&](Issue const& issue) { return isGlobalFrozen(view, issue.getIssuer()); },
+        [&](MPTIssue const& issue) { return isGlobalFrozen(view, issue); });
 }
 
 bool
@@ -103,18 +94,9 @@ isAnyFrozen(
     Asset const& asset,
     int depth)
 {
-    return std::visit(
-        [&]<ValidIssueType TIss>(TIss const& issue) {
-            if constexpr (std::is_same_v<TIss, Issue>)
-            {
-                return isAnyFrozen(view, accounts, issue);
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                return isAnyFrozen(view, accounts, issue, depth);
-            }
-        },
-        asset.value());
+    return asset.visit(
+        [&](Issue const& issue) { return isAnyFrozen(view, accounts, issue); },
+        [&](MPTIssue const& issue) { return isAnyFrozen(view, accounts, issue, depth); });
 }
 
 bool
@@ -190,11 +172,7 @@ getLineIfUsable(
                 auto const sleAmm = view.read(keylet::amm((*sleIssuer)[sfAMMID]));
 
                 if (!sleAmm ||
-                    isLPTokenFrozen(
-                        view,
-                        account,
-                        (*sleAmm)[sfAsset].get<Issue>(),
-                        (*sleAmm)[sfAsset2].get<Issue>()))
+                    isLPTokenFrozen(view, account, (*sleAmm)[sfAsset], (*sleAmm)[sfAsset2]))
                 {
                     return nullptr;
                 }
@@ -230,7 +208,7 @@ getTrustLineBalance(
         {
             amount += sle->getFieldAmount(oppositeField);
         }
-        amount.setIssuer(issuer);
+        amount.get<Issue>().account = issuer;
     }
     else
     {
@@ -240,7 +218,7 @@ getTrustLineBalance(
     JLOG(j.trace()) << "getTrustLineBalance:" << " account=" << to_string(account)
                     << " amount=" << amount.getFullText();
 
-    return view.balanceHook(account, issuer, amount);
+    return view.balanceHookIOU(account, issuer, amount);
 }
 
 STAmount
@@ -298,6 +276,9 @@ accountHolds(
     SpendableHandling includeFullBalance)
 {
     bool const returnSpendable = (includeFullBalance == shFULL_BALANCE);
+    STAmount amount{mptIssue};
+    auto const& issuer = mptIssue.getIssuer();
+    bool const mptokensV2 = view.rules().enabled(featureMPTokensV2);
 
     if (returnSpendable && account == mptIssue.getIssuer())
     {
@@ -307,16 +288,14 @@ accountHolds(
 
         if (!issuance)
         {
-            return STAmount{mptIssue};
+            return amount;
         }
-        return STAmount{
-            mptIssue,
-            issuance->at(~sfMaximumAmount).value_or(maxMPTokenAmount) -
-                issuance->at(sfOutstandingAmount)};
+        auto const available = availableMPTAmount(*issuance);
+        if (!mptokensV2)
+            return STAmount{mptIssue, available};
+        return view.balanceHookMPT(issuer, mptIssue, available);
     }
 
-    STAmount amount;
-
     auto const sleMpt = view.read(keylet::mptoken(mptIssue.getMptID(), account));
 
     if (!sleMpt)
@@ -352,6 +331,8 @@ accountHolds(
         }
     }
 
+    if (view.rules().enabled(featureMPTokensV2))
+        return view.balanceHookMPT(account, mptIssue, amount.mpt().value());
     return amount;
 }
 
@@ -365,19 +346,14 @@ accountHolds(
     beast::Journal j,
     SpendableHandling includeFullBalance)
 {
-    return std::visit(
-        [&]<ValidIssueType TIss>(TIss const& value) {
-            if constexpr (std::is_same_v<TIss, Issue>)
-            {
-                return accountHolds(view, account, value, zeroIfFrozen, j, includeFullBalance);
-            }
-            else if constexpr (std::is_same_v<TIss, MPTIssue>)
-            {
-                return accountHolds(
-                    view, account, value, zeroIfFrozen, zeroIfUnauthorized, j, includeFullBalance);
-            }
+    return asset.visit(
+        [&](Issue const& issue) {
+            return accountHolds(view, account, issue, zeroIfFrozen, j, includeFullBalance);
         },
-        asset.value());
+        [&](MPTIssue const& issue) {
+            return accountHolds(
+                view, account, issue, zeroIfFrozen, zeroIfUnauthorized, j, includeFullBalance);
+        });
 }
 
 STAmount
@@ -388,28 +364,38 @@ accountFunds(
     FreezeHandling freezeHandling,
     beast::Journal j)
 {
+    XRPL_ASSERT(saDefault.holds<Issue>(), "xrpl::accountFunds: saDefault holds Issue");
+
     if (!saDefault.native() && saDefault.getIssuer() == id)
         return saDefault;
 
     return accountHolds(
-        view, id, saDefault.getCurrency(), saDefault.getIssuer(), freezeHandling, j);
+        view, id, saDefault.get<Issue>().currency, saDefault.getIssuer(), freezeHandling, j);
+}
+
+STAmount
+accountFunds(
+    ReadView const& view,
+    AccountID const& id,
+    STAmount const& saDefault,
+    FreezeHandling freezeHandling,
+    AuthHandling authHandling,
+    beast::Journal j)
+{
+    return saDefault.asset().visit(
+        [&](Issue const&) { return accountFunds(view, id, saDefault, freezeHandling, j); },
+        [&](MPTIssue const&) {
+            return accountHolds(
+                view, id, saDefault.asset(), freezeHandling, authHandling, j, shFULL_BALANCE);
+        });
 }
 
 Rate
 transferRate(ReadView const& view, STAmount const& amount)
 {
-    return std::visit(
-        [&]<ValidIssueType TIss>(TIss const& issue) {
-            if constexpr (std::is_same_v<TIss, Issue>)
-            {
-                return transferRate(view, issue.getIssuer());
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                return transferRate(view, issue.getMptID());
-            }
-        },
-        amount.asset().value());
+    return amount.asset().visit(
+        [&](Issue const& issue) { return transferRate(view, issue.getIssuer()); },
+        [&](MPTIssue const& issue) { return transferRate(view, issue.getMptID()); });
 }
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -522,7 +508,7 @@ directSendNoFeeIOU(
     beast::Journal j)
 {
     AccountID const& issuer = saAmount.getIssuer();
-    Currency const& currency = saAmount.getCurrency();
+    Currency const& currency = saAmount.get<Issue>().currency;
 
     // Make sure issuer is involved.
     XRPL_ASSERT(
@@ -551,7 +537,7 @@ directSendNoFeeIOU(
         if (bSenderHigh)
             saBalance.negate();  // Put balance in sender terms.
 
-        view.creditHook(uSenderID, uReceiverID, saAmount, saBalance);
+        view.creditHookIOU(uSenderID, uReceiverID, saAmount, saBalance);
 
         STAmount const saBefore = saBalance;
 
@@ -622,7 +608,7 @@ directSendNoFeeIOU(
     STAmount const saReceiverLimit(Issue{currency, uReceiverID});
     STAmount saBalance{saAmount};
 
-    saBalance.setIssuer(noAccount());
+    saBalance.get<Issue>().account = noAccount();
 
     JLOG(j.debug()) << "directSendNoFeeIOU: "
                        "create line: "
@@ -859,7 +845,7 @@ accountSendIOU(
         else
         {
             auto const sndBal = sender->getFieldAmount(sfBalance);
-            view.creditHook(uSenderID, xrpAccount(), saAmount, sndBal);
+            view.creditHookIOU(uSenderID, xrpAccount(), saAmount, sndBal);
 
             // Decrement XRP balance.
             sender->setFieldAmount(sfBalance, sndBal - saAmount);
@@ -872,7 +858,7 @@ accountSendIOU(
         // Increment XRP balance.
         auto const rcvBal = receiver->getFieldAmount(sfBalance);
         receiver->setFieldAmount(sfBalance, rcvBal + saAmount);
-        view.creditHook(xrpAccount(), uReceiverID, saAmount, -rcvBal);
+        view.creditHookIOU(xrpAccount(), uReceiverID, saAmount, -rcvBal);
 
         view.update(receiver);
     }
@@ -975,7 +961,7 @@ accountSendMultiIOU(
             // Increment XRP balance.
             auto const rcvBal = receiver->getFieldAmount(sfBalance);
             receiver->setFieldAmount(sfBalance, rcvBal + amount);
-            view.creditHook(xrpAccount(), receiverID, amount, -rcvBal);
+            view.creditHookIOU(xrpAccount(), receiverID, amount, -rcvBal);
 
             view.update(receiver);
 
@@ -1003,7 +989,7 @@ accountSendMultiIOU(
             return TER{tecFAILED_PROCESSING};
         }
         auto const sndBal = sender->getFieldAmount(sfBalance);
-        view.creditHook(senderID, xrpAccount(), takeFromSender, sndBal);
+        view.creditHookIOU(senderID, xrpAccount(), takeFromSender, sndBal);
 
         // Decrement XRP balance.
         sender->setFieldAmount(sfBalance, sndBal - takeFromSender);
@@ -1037,9 +1023,20 @@ directSendNoFeeMPT(
     auto sleIssuance = view.peek(mptID);
     if (!sleIssuance)
         return tecOBJECT_NOT_FOUND;
+
+    auto const maxAmount = maxMPTAmount(*sleIssuance);
+    auto const outstanding = sleIssuance->getFieldU64(sfOutstandingAmount);
+    auto const available = availableMPTAmount(*sleIssuance);
+    auto const amt = saAmount.mpt().value();
+
     if (uSenderID == issuer)
     {
-        (*sleIssuance)[sfOutstandingAmount] += saAmount.mpt().value();
+        if (view.rules().enabled(featureMPTokensV2))
+        {
+            if (isMPTOverflow(amt, outstanding, maxAmount, AllowMPTOverflow::Yes))
+                return tecPATH_DRY;
+        }
+        (*sleIssuance)[sfOutstandingAmount] += amt;
         view.update(sleIssuance);
     }
     else
@@ -1047,11 +1044,11 @@ directSendNoFeeMPT(
         auto const mptokenID = keylet::mptoken(mptID.key, uSenderID);
         if (auto sle = view.peek(mptokenID))
         {
-            auto const amt = sle->getFieldU64(sfMPTAmount);
-            auto const pay = saAmount.mpt().value();
-            if (amt < pay)
+            auto const senderBalance = sle->getFieldU64(sfMPTAmount);
+            if (senderBalance < amt)
                 return tecINSUFFICIENT_FUNDS;
-            (*sle)[sfMPTAmount] = amt - pay;
+            view.creditHookMPT(uSenderID, uReceiverID, saAmount, (*sle)[sfMPTAmount], available);
+            (*sle)[sfMPTAmount] = senderBalance - amt;
             view.update(sle);
         }
         else
@@ -1062,11 +1059,9 @@ directSendNoFeeMPT(
 
     if (uReceiverID == issuer)
     {
-        auto const outstanding = sleIssuance->getFieldU64(sfOutstandingAmount);
-        auto const redeem = saAmount.mpt().value();
-        if (outstanding >= redeem)
+        if (outstanding >= amt)
         {
-            sleIssuance->setFieldU64(sfOutstandingAmount, outstanding - redeem);
+            sleIssuance->setFieldU64(sfOutstandingAmount, outstanding - amt);
             view.update(sleIssuance);
         }
         else
@@ -1079,7 +1074,8 @@ directSendNoFeeMPT(
         auto const mptokenID = keylet::mptoken(mptID.key, uReceiverID);
         if (auto sle = view.peek(mptokenID))
         {
-            (*sle)[sfMPTAmount] += saAmount.mpt().value();
+            view.creditHookMPT(uSenderID, uReceiverID, saAmount, (*sle)[sfMPTAmount], available);
+            (*sle)[sfMPTAmount] += amt;
             view.update(sle);
         }
         else
@@ -1099,7 +1095,8 @@ directSendNoLimitMPT(
     STAmount const& saAmount,
     STAmount& saActual,
     beast::Journal j,
-    WaiveTransferFee waiveFee)
+    WaiveTransferFee waiveFee,
+    AllowMPTOverflow allowOverflow)
 {
     XRPL_ASSERT(uSenderID != uReceiverID, "xrpl::directSendNoLimitMPT : sender is not receiver");
 
@@ -1117,9 +1114,13 @@ directSendNoLimitMPT(
         if (uSenderID == issuer)
         {
             auto const sendAmount = saAmount.mpt().value();
-            auto const maximumAmount = sle->at(~sfMaximumAmount).value_or(maxMPTokenAmount);
-            if (sendAmount > maximumAmount ||
-                sle->getFieldU64(sfOutstandingAmount) > maximumAmount - sendAmount)
+            auto const maxAmount = maxMPTAmount(*sle);
+            auto const outstanding = sle->getFieldU64(sfOutstandingAmount);
+            auto const mptokensV2 = view.rules().enabled(featureMPTokensV2);
+            allowOverflow = (allowOverflow == AllowMPTOverflow::Yes && mptokensV2)
+                ? AllowMPTOverflow::Yes
+                : AllowMPTOverflow::No;
+            if (isMPTOverflow(sendAmount, outstanding, maxAmount, allowOverflow))
                 return tecPATH_DRY;
         }
 
@@ -1233,7 +1234,8 @@ directSendNoLimitMultiMPT(
             }
 
             // Direct send: redeeming MPTs and/or sending own MPTs.
-            if (auto const ter = directSendNoFeeMPT(view, senderID, receiverID, amount, j))
+            if (auto const ter = directSendNoFeeMPT(view, senderID, receiverID, amount, j);
+                !isTesSuccess(ter))
                 return ter;
             actual += amount;
             // Do not add amount to takeFromSender, because directSendNoFeeMPT took it.
@@ -1252,13 +1254,15 @@ directSendNoLimitMultiMPT(
                         << to_string(receiverID) << " : deliver=" << amount.getFullText()
                         << " cost=" << actualSend.getFullText();
 
-        if (auto const terResult = directSendNoFeeMPT(view, issuer, receiverID, amount, j))
-            return terResult;
+        if (auto const ter = directSendNoFeeMPT(view, issuer, receiverID, amount, j);
+            !isTesSuccess(ter))
+            return ter;
     }
     if (senderID != issuer && takeFromSender)
     {
-        if (TER const terResult = directSendNoFeeMPT(view, senderID, issuer, takeFromSender, j))
-            return terResult;
+        if (auto const ter = directSendNoFeeMPT(view, senderID, issuer, takeFromSender, j);
+            !isTesSuccess(ter))
+            return ter;
     }
 
     return tesSUCCESS;
@@ -1271,7 +1275,8 @@ accountSendMPT(
     AccountID const& uReceiverID,
     STAmount const& saAmount,
     beast::Journal j,
-    WaiveTransferFee waiveFee)
+    WaiveTransferFee waiveFee,
+    AllowMPTOverflow allowOverflow)
 {
     XRPL_ASSERT(
         saAmount >= beast::zero && saAmount.holds<MPTIssue>(),
@@ -1285,7 +1290,8 @@ accountSendMPT(
 
     STAmount saActual{saAmount.asset()};
 
-    return directSendNoLimitMPT(view, uSenderID, uReceiverID, saAmount, saActual, j, waiveFee);
+    return directSendNoLimitMPT(
+        view, uSenderID, uReceiverID, saAmount, saActual, j, waiveFee, allowOverflow);
 }
 
 static TER
@@ -1317,19 +1323,14 @@ directSendNoFee(
     bool bCheckIssuer,
     beast::Journal j)
 {
-    return std::visit(
-        [&]<ValidIssueType TIss>(TIss const& issue) {
-            if constexpr (std::is_same_v<TIss, Issue>)
-            {
-                return directSendNoFeeIOU(view, uSenderID, uReceiverID, saAmount, bCheckIssuer, j);
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                XRPL_ASSERT(!bCheckIssuer, "xrpl::directSendNoFee : not checking issuer");
-                return directSendNoFeeMPT(view, uSenderID, uReceiverID, saAmount, j);
-            }
+    return saAmount.asset().visit(
+        [&](Issue const&) {
+            return directSendNoFeeIOU(view, uSenderID, uReceiverID, saAmount, bCheckIssuer, j);
         },
-        saAmount.asset().value());
+        [&](MPTIssue const&) {
+            XRPL_ASSERT(!bCheckIssuer, "xrpl::directSendNoFee : not checking issuer");
+            return directSendNoFeeMPT(view, uSenderID, uReceiverID, saAmount, j);
+        });
 }
 
 TER
@@ -1339,20 +1340,17 @@ accountSend(
     AccountID const& uReceiverID,
     STAmount const& saAmount,
     beast::Journal j,
-    WaiveTransferFee waiveFee)
+    WaiveTransferFee waiveFee,
+    AllowMPTOverflow allowOverflow)
 {
-    return std::visit(
-        [&]<ValidIssueType TIss>(TIss const& issue) {
-            if constexpr (std::is_same_v<TIss, Issue>)
-            {
-                return accountSendIOU(view, uSenderID, uReceiverID, saAmount, j, waiveFee);
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                return accountSendMPT(view, uSenderID, uReceiverID, saAmount, j, waiveFee);
-            }
+    return saAmount.asset().visit(
+        [&](Issue const&) {
+            return accountSendIOU(view, uSenderID, uReceiverID, saAmount, j, waiveFee);
         },
-        saAmount.asset().value());
+        [&](MPTIssue const&) {
+            return accountSendMPT(
+                view, uSenderID, uReceiverID, saAmount, j, waiveFee, allowOverflow);
+        });
 }
 
 TER
@@ -1366,18 +1364,13 @@ accountSendMulti(
 {
     XRPL_ASSERT_PARTS(
         receivers.size() > 1, "xrpl::accountSendMulti", "multiple recipients provided");
-    return std::visit(
-        [&]<ValidIssueType TIss>(TIss const& issue) {
-            if constexpr (std::is_same_v<TIss, Issue>)
-            {
-                return accountSendMultiIOU(view, senderID, issue, receivers, j, waiveFee);
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                return accountSendMultiMPT(view, senderID, issue, receivers, j, waiveFee);
-            }
+    return asset.visit(
+        [&](Issue const& issue) {
+            return accountSendMultiIOU(view, senderID, issue, receivers, j, waiveFee);
         },
-        asset.value());
+        [&](MPTIssue const& issue) {
+            return accountSendMultiMPT(view, senderID, issue, receivers, j, waiveFee);
+        });
 }
 
 TER

src/libxrpl/protocol/AMMCore.cpp

@@ -21,12 +21,23 @@
 namespace xrpl {
 
 Currency
-ammLPTCurrency(Currency const& cur1, Currency const& cur2)
+ammLPTCurrency(Asset const& asset1, Asset const& asset2)
 {
     // AMM LPToken is 0x03 plus 19 bytes of the hash
     std::int32_t constexpr AMMCurrencyCode = 0x03;
-    auto const [minC, maxC] = std::minmax(cur1, cur2);
-    auto const hash = sha512Half(minC, maxC);
+    auto const& [minA, maxA] = std::minmax(asset1, asset2);
+    uint256 const hash = std::visit(
+        [](auto&& issue1, auto&& issue2) {
+            auto fromIss = []<ValidIssueType T>(T const& issue) {
+                if constexpr (std::is_same_v<T, Issue>)
+                    return issue.currency;
+                if constexpr (std::is_same_v<T, MPTIssue>)
+                    return issue.getMptID();
+            };
+            return sha512Half(fromIss(issue1), fromIss(issue2));
+        },
+        minA.value(),
+        maxA.value());
     Currency currency;
     *currency.begin() = AMMCurrencyCode;
     std::copy(hash.begin(), hash.begin() + currency.size() - 1, currency.begin() + 1);
@@ -34,34 +45,45 @@ ammLPTCurrency(Currency const& cur1, Currency const& cur2)
 }
 
 Issue
-ammLPTIssue(Currency const& cur1, Currency const& cur2, AccountID const& ammAccountID)
+ammLPTIssue(Asset const& asset1, Asset const& asset2, AccountID const& ammAccountID)
 {
-    return Issue(ammLPTCurrency(cur1, cur2), ammAccountID);
+    return Issue(ammLPTCurrency(asset1, asset2), ammAccountID);
 }
 
 NotTEC
-invalidAMMAsset(Issue const& issue, std::optional<std::pair<Issue, Issue>> const& pair)
+invalidAMMAsset(Asset const& asset, std::optional<std::pair<Asset, Asset>> const& pair)
 {
-    if (badCurrency() == issue.currency)
-        return temBAD_CURRENCY;
-    if (isXRP(issue) && issue.account.isNonZero())
-        return temBAD_ISSUER;
-    if (pair && issue != pair->first && issue != pair->second)
+    auto const err = asset.visit(
+        [](MPTIssue const& issue) -> std::optional<NotTEC> {
+            if (issue.getIssuer() == beast::zero)
+                return temBAD_MPT;
+            return std::nullopt;
+        },
+        [](Issue const& issue) -> std::optional<NotTEC> {
+            if (badCurrency() == issue.currency)
+                return temBAD_CURRENCY;
+            if (isXRP(issue) && issue.getIssuer().isNonZero())
+                return temBAD_ISSUER;
+            return std::nullopt;
+        });
+    if (err)
+        return *err;
+    if (pair && asset != pair->first && asset != pair->second)
         return temBAD_AMM_TOKENS;
     return tesSUCCESS;
 }
 
 NotTEC
 invalidAMMAssetPair(
-    Issue const& issue1,
-    Issue const& issue2,
-    std::optional<std::pair<Issue, Issue>> const& pair)
+    Asset const& asset1,
+    Asset const& asset2,
+    std::optional<std::pair<Asset, Asset>> const& pair)
 {
-    if (issue1 == issue2)
+    if (asset1 == asset2)
         return temBAD_AMM_TOKENS;
-    if (auto const res = invalidAMMAsset(issue1, pair))
+    if (auto const res = invalidAMMAsset(asset1, pair))
         return res;
-    if (auto const res = invalidAMMAsset(issue2, pair))
+    if (auto const res = invalidAMMAsset(asset2, pair))
         return res;
     return tesSUCCESS;
 }
@@ -69,10 +91,10 @@ invalidAMMAssetPair(
 NotTEC
 invalidAMMAmount(
     STAmount const& amount,
-    std::optional<std::pair<Issue, Issue>> const& pair,
+    std::optional<std::pair<Asset, Asset>> const& pair,
     bool validZero)
 {
-    if (auto const res = invalidAMMAsset(amount.issue(), pair))
+    if (auto const res = invalidAMMAsset(amount.asset(), pair))
         return res;
     if (amount < beast::zero || (!validZero && amount == beast::zero))
         return temBAD_AMOUNT;

src/libxrpl/protocol/Asset.cpp

@@ -62,4 +62,11 @@ assetFromJson(Json::Value const& v)
     return mptIssueFromJson(v);
 }
 
+std::ostream&
+operator<<(std::ostream& os, Asset const& x)
+{
+    std::visit([&]<ValidIssueType TIss>(TIss const& issue) { os << issue; }, x.value());
+    return os;
+}
+
 }  // namespace xrpl

src/libxrpl/protocol/Indexes.cpp

@@ -99,19 +99,36 @@ getBookBase(Book const& book)
 {
     XRPL_ASSERT(isConsistent(book), "xrpl::getBookBase : input is consistent");
 
-    auto const index = book.domain ? indexHash(
-                                         LedgerNameSpace::BOOK_DIR,
-                                         book.in.currency,
-                                         book.out.currency,
-                                         book.in.account,
-                                         book.out.account,
-                                         *(book.domain))
-                                   : indexHash(
-                                         LedgerNameSpace::BOOK_DIR,
-                                         book.in.currency,
-                                         book.out.currency,
-                                         book.in.account,
-                                         book.out.account);
+    auto getIndexHash = [&book]<typename... Args>(Args... args) {
+        if (book.domain)
+            return indexHash(std::forward<Args>(args)..., *book.domain);
+        return indexHash(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+    };
+
+    auto const index = std::visit(
+        [&]<ValidIssueType TIn, ValidIssueType TOut>(TIn const& in, TOut const& out) {
+            if constexpr (std::is_same_v<TIn, Issue> && std::is_same_v<TOut, Issue>)
+            {
+                return getIndexHash(
+                    LedgerNameSpace::BOOK_DIR, in.currency, out.currency, in.account, out.account);
+            }
+            else if constexpr (std::is_same_v<TIn, Issue> && std::is_same_v<TOut, MPTIssue>)
+            {
+                return getIndexHash(
+                    LedgerNameSpace::BOOK_DIR, in.currency, out.getMptID(), in.account);
+            }
+            else if constexpr (std::is_same_v<TIn, MPTIssue> && std::is_same_v<TOut, Issue>)
+            {
+                return getIndexHash(
+                    LedgerNameSpace::BOOK_DIR, in.getMptID(), out.currency, out.account);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                return getIndexHash(LedgerNameSpace::BOOK_DIR, in.getMptID(), out.getMptID());
+            }
+        },
+        book.in.value(),
+        book.out.value());
 
     // Return with quality 0.
     auto k = keylet::quality({ltDIR_NODE, index}, 0);
@@ -401,11 +418,37 @@ nft_sells(uint256 const& id) noexcept
 }
 
 Keylet
-amm(Asset const& issue1, Asset const& issue2) noexcept
+amm(Asset const& asset1, Asset const& asset2) noexcept
 {
-    auto const& [minI, maxI] = std::minmax(issue1.get<Issue>(), issue2.get<Issue>());
-    return amm(
-        indexHash(LedgerNameSpace::AMM, minI.account, minI.currency, maxI.account, maxI.currency));
+    auto const& [minA, maxA] = std::minmax(asset1, asset2);
+    return std::visit(
+        []<ValidIssueType TIss1, ValidIssueType TIss2>(TIss1 const& issue1, TIss2 const& issue2) {
+            if constexpr (std::is_same_v<TIss1, Issue> && std::is_same_v<TIss2, Issue>)
+            {
+                return amm(indexHash(
+                    LedgerNameSpace::AMM,
+                    issue1.account,
+                    issue1.currency,
+                    issue2.account,
+                    issue2.currency));
+            }
+            else if constexpr (std::is_same_v<TIss1, Issue> && std::is_same_v<TIss2, MPTIssue>)
+            {
+                return amm(indexHash(
+                    LedgerNameSpace::AMM, issue1.account, issue1.currency, issue2.getMptID()));
+            }
+            else if constexpr (std::is_same_v<TIss1, MPTIssue> && std::is_same_v<TIss2, Issue>)
+            {
+                return amm(indexHash(
+                    LedgerNameSpace::AMM, issue1.getMptID(), issue2.account, issue2.currency));
+            }
+            else if constexpr (std::is_same_v<TIss1, MPTIssue> && std::is_same_v<TIss2, MPTIssue>)
+            {
+                return amm(indexHash(LedgerNameSpace::AMM, issue1.getMptID(), issue2.getMptID()));
+            }
+        },
+        minA.value(),
+        maxA.value());
 }
 
 Keylet

src/libxrpl/protocol/MPTIssue.cpp

@@ -2,9 +2,8 @@
 #include <xrpl/basics/contract.h>
 #include <xrpl/json/json_errors.h>
 #include <xrpl/json/json_value.h>
-#include <xrpl/protocol/AccountID.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/Indexes.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/MPTIssue.h>
-#include <xrpl/protocol/UintTypes.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/jss.h>
 
 #include <cstdint>
@@ -17,6 +16,11 @@ MPTIssue::MPTIssue(MPTID const& issuanceID) : mptID_(issuanceID)
 {
 }
 
+MPTIssue::MPTIssue(std::uint32_t sequence, AccountID const& account)
+    : MPTIssue(xrpl::makeMptID(sequence, account))
+{
+}
+
 AccountID const&
 MPTIssue::getIssuer() const
 {
@@ -86,4 +90,11 @@ mptIssueFromJson(Json::Value const& v)
     return MPTIssue{id};
 }
 
+std::ostream&
+operator<<(std::ostream& os, MPTIssue const& x)
+{
+    os << to_string(x);
+    return os;
+}
+
 }  // namespace xrpl

src/libxrpl/protocol/PathAsset.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#include <xrpl/protocol/Indexes.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/PathAsset.h>
+
+namespace xrpl {
+
+std::string
+to_string(PathAsset const& asset)
+{
+    return std::visit([&](auto const& issue) { return to_string(issue); }, asset.value());
+}
+
+std::ostream&
+operator<<(std::ostream& os, PathAsset const& x)
+{
+    os << to_string(x);
+    return os;
+}
+
+}  // namespace xrpl

src/libxrpl/protocol/STAmount.cpp

@@ -90,11 +90,23 @@ getMPTValue(STAmount const& amount)
 static bool
 areComparable(STAmount const& v1, STAmount const& v2)
 {
-    if (v1.holds<Issue>() && v2.holds<Issue>())
-        return v1.native() == v2.native() && v1.get<Issue>().currency == v2.get<Issue>().currency;
-    if (v1.holds<MPTIssue>() && v2.holds<MPTIssue>())
-        return v1.get<MPTIssue>() == v2.get<MPTIssue>();
-    return false;
+    return std::visit(
+        [&]<ValidIssueType TIss1, ValidIssueType TIss2>(TIss1 const& issue1, TIss2 const& issue2) {
+            if constexpr (is_issue_v<TIss1> && is_issue_v<TIss2>)
+            {
+                return v1.native() == v2.native() && issue1.currency == issue2.currency;
+            }
+            else if constexpr (is_mptissue_v<TIss1> && is_mptissue_v<TIss2>)
+            {
+                return issue1 == issue2;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                return false;
+            }
+        },
+        v1.asset().value(),
+        v2.asset().value());
 }
 
 static_assert(INITIAL_XRP.drops() == STAmount::cMaxNativeN);
@@ -513,26 +525,35 @@ canAdd(STAmount const& a, STAmount const& b)
     }
 
     // IOU case (precision check)
-    if (a.holds<Issue>() && b.holds<Issue>())
-    {
-        static STAmount const one{IOUAmount{1, 0}, noIssue()};
-        static STAmount const maxLoss{IOUAmount{1, -4}, noIssue()};
-        STAmount const lhs = divide((a - b) + b, a, noIssue()) - one;
-        STAmount const rhs = divide((b - a) + a, b, noIssue()) - one;
-        return ((rhs.negative() ? -rhs : rhs) + (lhs.negative() ? -lhs : lhs)) <= maxLoss;
-    }
+    auto const ret = std::visit(
+        [&]<ValidIssueType TIss1, ValidIssueType TIss2>(
+            TIss1 const&, TIss2 const&) -> std::optional<bool> {
+            if constexpr (is_issue_v<TIss1> && is_issue_v<TIss2>)
+            {
+                static STAmount const one{IOUAmount{1, 0}, noIssue()};
+                static STAmount const maxLoss{IOUAmount{1, -4}, noIssue()};
+                STAmount const lhs = divide((a - b) + b, a, noIssue()) - one;
+                STAmount const rhs = divide((b - a) + a, b, noIssue()) - one;
+                return ((rhs.negative() ? -rhs : rhs) + (lhs.negative() ? -lhs : lhs)) <= maxLoss;
+            }
 
-    // MPT (overflow & underflow check)
-    if (a.holds<MPTIssue>() && b.holds<MPTIssue>())
-    {
-        MPTAmount const A = a.mpt();
-        MPTAmount const B = b.mpt();
-        return !(
-            (B > MPTAmount{0} &&
-             A > MPTAmount{std::numeric_limits<MPTAmount::value_type>::max()} - B) ||
-            (B < MPTAmount{0} &&
-             A < MPTAmount{std::numeric_limits<MPTAmount::value_type>::min()} - B));
-    }
+            // MPT (overflow & underflow check)
+            if constexpr (is_mptissue_v<TIss1> && is_mptissue_v<TIss2>)
+            {
+                MPTAmount const A = a.mpt();
+                MPTAmount const B = b.mpt();
+                return !(
+                    (B > MPTAmount{0} &&
+                     A > MPTAmount{std::numeric_limits<MPTAmount::value_type>::max()} - B) ||
+                    (B < MPTAmount{0} &&
+                     A < MPTAmount{std::numeric_limits<MPTAmount::value_type>::min()} - B));
+            }
+            return std::nullopt;
+        },
+        a.asset().value(),
+        b.asset().value());
+    if (ret)
+        return *ret;
     // LCOV_EXCL_START
     UNREACHABLE("STAmount::canAdd : unexpected STAmount type");
     return false;
@@ -585,27 +606,36 @@ canSubtract(STAmount const& a, STAmount const& b)
     }
 
     // IOU case (no underflow)
-    if (a.holds<Issue>() && b.holds<Issue>())
-    {
-        return true;
-    }
+    auto const ret = std::visit(
+        [&]<ValidIssueType TIss1, ValidIssueType TIss2>(
+            TIss1 const&, TIss2 const&) -> std::optional<bool> {
+            if constexpr (is_issue_v<TIss1> && is_issue_v<TIss2>)
+            {
+                return true;
+            }
 
-    // MPT case (underflow & overflow check)
-    if (a.holds<MPTIssue>() && b.holds<MPTIssue>())
-    {
-        MPTAmount const A = a.mpt();
-        MPTAmount const B = b.mpt();
+            // MPT case (underflow & overflow check)
+            if constexpr (is_mptissue_v<TIss1> && is_mptissue_v<TIss2>)
+            {
+                MPTAmount const A = a.mpt();
+                MPTAmount const B = b.mpt();
 
-        // Underflow check
-        if (B > MPTAmount{0} && A < B)
-            return false;
+                // Underflow check
+                if (B > MPTAmount{0} && A < B)
+                    return false;
 
-        // Overflow check
-        if (B < MPTAmount{0} &&
-            A > MPTAmount{std::numeric_limits<MPTAmount::value_type>::max()} + B)
-            return false;
-        return true;
-    }
+                // Overflow check
+                if (B < MPTAmount{0} &&
+                    A > MPTAmount{std::numeric_limits<MPTAmount::value_type>::max()} + B)
+                    return false;
+                return true;
+            }
+            return std::nullopt;
+        },
+        a.asset().value(),
+        b.asset().value());
+    if (ret)
+        return *ret;
     // LCOV_EXCL_START
     UNREACHABLE("STAmount::canSubtract : unexpected STAmount type");
     return false;
@@ -751,45 +781,49 @@ STAmount::getJson(JsonOptions) const
 void
 STAmount::add(Serializer& s) const
 {
-    if (native())
-    {
-        XRPL_ASSERT(mOffset == 0, "xrpl::STAmount::add : zero offset");
-
-        if (!mIsNegative)
-        {
-            s.add64(mValue | cPositive);
-        }
-        else
-        {
+    mAsset.visit(
+        [&](MPTIssue const& issue) {
+            auto u8 = static_cast<unsigned char>(cMPToken >> 56);
+            if (!mIsNegative)
+                u8 |= static_cast<unsigned char>(cPositive >> 56);
+            s.add8(u8);
             s.add64(mValue);
-        }
-    }
-    else if (mAsset.holds<MPTIssue>())
-    {
-        auto u8 = static_cast<unsigned char>(cMPToken >> 56);
-        if (!mIsNegative)
-            u8 |= static_cast<unsigned char>(cPositive >> 56);
-        s.add8(u8);
-        s.add64(mValue);
-        s.addBitString(mAsset.get<MPTIssue>().getMptID());
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        if (*this == beast::zero)
-        {
-            s.add64(cIssuedCurrency);
-        }
-        else if (mIsNegative)
-        {  // 512 = not native
-            s.add64(mValue | (static_cast<std::uint64_t>(mOffset + 512 + 97) << (64 - 10)));
-        }
-        else
-        {  // 256 = positive
-            s.add64(mValue | (static_cast<std::uint64_t>(mOffset + 512 + 256 + 97) << (64 - 10)));
-        }
-        s.addBitString(mAsset.get<Issue>().currency);
-        s.addBitString(mAsset.get<Issue>().account);
-    }
+            s.addBitString(issue.getMptID());
+        },
+        [&](Issue const& issue) {
+            if (native())
+            {
+                XRPL_ASSERT(mOffset == 0, "xrpl::STAmount::add : zero offset");
+
+                if (!mIsNegative)
+                {
+                    s.add64(mValue | cPositive);
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    s.add64(mValue);
+                }
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                if (*this == beast::zero)
+                {
+                    s.add64(cIssuedCurrency);
+                }
+                else if (mIsNegative)  // 512 = not native
+                {
+                    s.add64(mValue | (static_cast<std::uint64_t>(mOffset + 512 + 97) << (64 - 10)));
+                }
+                else  // 256 = positive
+                {
+                    s.add64(
+                        mValue |
+                        (static_cast<std::uint64_t>(mOffset + 512 + 256 + 97) << (64 - 10)));
+                }
+                s.addBitString(issue.currency);
+                s.addBitString(issue.account);
+            }
+        });
 }
 
 bool
@@ -1065,7 +1099,7 @@ amountFromJson(SField const& name, Json::Value const& v)
         if (isMPT)
         {
             // sequence (32 bits) + account (160 bits)
-            uint192 u;
+            MPTID u;
             if (!u.parseHex(currencyOrMPTID.asString()))
                 Throw<std::runtime_error>("invalid MPTokenIssuanceID");
             asset = u;
@@ -1255,7 +1289,7 @@ divide(STAmount const& num, STAmount const& den, Asset const& asset)
     int numOffset = num.exponent();
     int denOffset = den.exponent();
 
-    if (num.native() || num.holds<MPTIssue>())
+    if (num.integral())
     {
         while (numVal < STAmount::cMinValue)
         {
@@ -1265,7 +1299,7 @@ divide(STAmount const& num, STAmount const& den, Asset const& asset)
         }
     }
 
-    if (den.native() || den.holds<MPTIssue>())
+    if (den.integral())
     {
         while (denVal < STAmount::cMinValue)
         {
@@ -1330,7 +1364,7 @@ multiply(STAmount const& v1, STAmount const& v2, Asset const& asset)
     int offset1 = v1.exponent();
     int offset2 = v2.exponent();
 
-    if (v1.native() || v1.holds<MPTIssue>())
+    if (v1.integral())
     {
         while (value1 < STAmount::cMinValue)
         {
@@ -1339,7 +1373,7 @@ multiply(STAmount const& v1, STAmount const& v2, Asset const& asset)
         }
     }
 
-    if (v2.native() || v2.holds<MPTIssue>())
+    if (v2.integral())
     {
         while (value2 < STAmount::cMinValue)
         {
@@ -1363,7 +1397,7 @@ multiply(STAmount const& v1, STAmount const& v2, Asset const& asset)
 // for years, so it is deeply embedded in the behavior of cross-currency
 // transactions.
 //
-// However in 2022 it was noticed that the rounding characteristics were
+// However, in 2022 it was noticed that the rounding characteristics were
 // surprising.  When the code converts from IOU-like to XRP-like there may
 // be a fraction of the IOU-like representation that is too small to be
 // represented in drops.  `canonicalizeRound()` currently does some unusual
@@ -1380,9 +1414,9 @@ multiply(STAmount const& v1, STAmount const& v2, Asset const& asset)
 // So an alternative rounding approach was introduced.  You'll see that
 // alternative below.
 static void
-canonicalizeRound(bool native, std::uint64_t& value, int& offset, bool)
+canonicalizeRound(bool integral, std::uint64_t& value, int& offset, bool)
 {
-    if (native)
+    if (integral)
     {
         if (offset < 0)
         {
@@ -1419,9 +1453,9 @@ canonicalizeRound(bool native, std::uint64_t& value, int& offset, bool)
 // rounding decisions.  canonicalizeRoundStrict() tracks all of the bits in
 // the value being rounded.
 static void
-canonicalizeRoundStrict(bool native, std::uint64_t& value, int& offset, bool roundUp)
+canonicalizeRoundStrict(bool integral, std::uint64_t& value, int& offset, bool roundUp)
 {
-    if (native)
+    if (integral)
     {
         if (offset < 0)
         {
@@ -1512,9 +1546,7 @@ mulRoundImpl(STAmount const& v1, STAmount const& v2, Asset const& asset, bool ro
     if (v1 == beast::zero || v2 == beast::zero)
         return {asset};
 
-    bool const xrp = asset.native();
-
-    if (v1.native() && v2.native() && xrp)
+    if (v1.native() && v2.native() && asset.native())
     {
         std::uint64_t const minV = std::min(getSNValue(v1), getSNValue(v2));
         std::uint64_t const maxV = std::max(getSNValue(v1), getSNValue(v2));
@@ -1545,7 +1577,7 @@ mulRoundImpl(STAmount const& v1, STAmount const& v2, Asset const& asset, bool ro
     std::uint64_t value1 = v1.mantissa(), value2 = v2.mantissa();
     int offset1 = v1.exponent(), offset2 = v2.exponent();
 
-    if (v1.native() || v1.holds<MPTIssue>())
+    if (v1.integral())
     {
         while (value1 < STAmount::cMinValue)
         {
@@ -1554,7 +1586,7 @@ mulRoundImpl(STAmount const& v1, STAmount const& v2, Asset const& asset, bool ro
         }
     }
 
-    if (v2.native() || v2.holds<MPTIssue>())
+    if (v2.integral())
     {
         while (value2 < STAmount::cMinValue)
         {
@@ -1570,7 +1602,7 @@ mulRoundImpl(STAmount const& v1, STAmount const& v2, Asset const& asset, bool ro
     // range. Dividing their product by 10^14 maintains the
     // precision, by scaling the result to 10^16 to 10^18.
     //
-    // If the we're rounding up, we want to round up away
+    // If we're rounding up, we want to round up away
     // from zero, and if we're rounding down, truncation
     // is implicit.
     std::uint64_t amount =
@@ -1579,7 +1611,7 @@ mulRoundImpl(STAmount const& v1, STAmount const& v2, Asset const& asset, bool ro
     int offset = offset1 + offset2 + 14;
     if (resultNegative != roundUp)
     {
-        CanonicalizeFunc(xrp, amount, offset, roundUp);
+        CanonicalizeFunc(asset.integral(), amount, offset, roundUp);
     }
     STAmount result = [&]() {
         // If appropriate, tell Number to round down.  This gives the desired
@@ -1590,7 +1622,7 @@ mulRoundImpl(STAmount const& v1, STAmount const& v2, Asset const& asset, bool ro
 
     if (roundUp && !resultNegative && !result)
     {
-        if (xrp)
+        if (asset.integral())
         {
             // return the smallest value above zero
             amount = 1;
@@ -1634,7 +1666,7 @@ divRoundImpl(STAmount const& num, STAmount const& den, Asset const& asset, bool
     std::uint64_t numVal = num.mantissa(), denVal = den.mantissa();
     int numOffset = num.exponent(), denOffset = den.exponent();
 
-    if (num.native() || num.holds<MPTIssue>())
+    if (num.integral())
     {
         while (numVal < STAmount::cMinValue)
         {
@@ -1643,7 +1675,7 @@ divRoundImpl(STAmount const& num, STAmount const& den, Asset const& asset, bool
         }
     }
 
-    if (den.native() || den.holds<MPTIssue>())
+    if (den.integral())
     {
         while (denVal < STAmount::cMinValue)
         {
@@ -1668,12 +1700,12 @@ divRoundImpl(STAmount const& num, STAmount const& den, Asset const& asset, bool
     int offset = numOffset - denOffset - 17;
 
     if (resultNegative != roundUp)
-        canonicalizeRound(asset.native() || asset.holds<MPTIssue>(), amount, offset, roundUp);
+        canonicalizeRound(asset.integral(), amount, offset, roundUp);
 
     STAmount result = [&]() {
         // If appropriate, tell Number the rounding mode we are using.
         // Note that "roundUp == true" actually means "round away from zero".
-        // Otherwise round toward zero.
+        // Otherwise, round toward zero.
         using enum Number::rounding_mode;
         MightSaveRound const savedRound(roundUp ^ resultNegative ? upward : downward);
         return STAmount(asset, amount, offset, resultNegative);
@@ -1681,7 +1713,7 @@ divRoundImpl(STAmount const& num, STAmount const& den, Asset const& asset, bool
 
     if (roundUp && !resultNegative && !result)
     {
-        if (asset.native() || asset.holds<MPTIssue>())
+        if (asset.integral())
         {
             // return the smallest value above zero
             amount = 1;

src/libxrpl/protocol/STIssue.cpp

@@ -88,22 +88,19 @@ STIssue::getJson(JsonOptions) const
 void
 STIssue::add(Serializer& s) const
 {
-    if (holds<Issue>())
-    {
-        auto const& issue = asset_.get<Issue>();
-        s.addBitString(issue.currency);
-        if (!isXRP(issue.currency))
-            s.addBitString(issue.account);
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        auto const& issue = asset_.get<MPTIssue>();
-        s.addBitString(issue.getIssuer());
-        s.addBitString(noAccount());
-        std::uint32_t sequence = 0;
-        memcpy(&sequence, issue.getMptID().data(), sizeof(sequence));
-        s.add32(sequence);
-    }
+    asset_.visit(
+        [&](Issue const& issue) {
+            s.addBitString(issue.currency);
+            if (!isXRP(issue.currency))
+                s.addBitString(issue.account);
+        },
+        [&](MPTIssue const& issue) {
+            s.addBitString(issue.getIssuer());
+            s.addBitString(noAccount());
+            std::uint32_t sequence = 0;
+            memcpy(&sequence, issue.getMptID().data(), sizeof(sequence));
+            s.add32(sequence);
+        });
 }
 
 bool
@@ -116,7 +113,9 @@ STIssue::isEquivalent(STBase const& t) const
 bool
 STIssue::isDefault() const
 {
-    return holds<Issue>() && asset_.get<Issue>() == xrpIssue();
+    return asset_.visit(
+        [](Issue const& issue) { return issue == xrpIssue(); },
+        [](MPTIssue const&) { return false; });
 }
 
 STBase*

src/libxrpl/protocol/STObject.cpp

@@ -749,6 +749,12 @@ STObject::setFieldH128(SField const& field, uint128 const& v)
     setFieldUsingSetValue<STUInt128>(field, v);
 }
 
+void
+STObject::setFieldH192(SField const& field, uint192 const& v)
+{
+    setFieldUsingSetValue<STUInt192>(field, v);
+}
+
 void
 STObject::setFieldH256(SField const& field, uint256 const& v)
 {

src/libxrpl/protocol/STParsedJSON.cpp

@@ -736,7 +736,7 @@ parseLeaf(
                         std::string const element_name(json_name + "." + ss.str());
 
                         // each element in this path has some combination of
-                        // account, currency, or issuer
+                        // account, asset, or issuer
 
                         Json::Value pathEl = value[i][j];
 
@@ -746,14 +746,22 @@ parseLeaf(
                             return ret;
                         }
 
-                        Json::Value const& account = pathEl["account"];
-                        Json::Value const& currency = pathEl["currency"];
-                        Json::Value const& issuer = pathEl["issuer"];
-                        bool hasCurrency = false;
-                        AccountID uAccount, uIssuer;
-                        Currency uCurrency;
+                        if (pathEl.isMember(jss::currency) && pathEl.isMember(jss::mpt_issuance_id))
+                        {
+                            error = RPC::make_error(rpcINVALID_PARAMS, "Invalid Asset.");
+                            return ret;
+                        }
 
-                        if (!account && !currency && !issuer)
+                        bool const isMPT = pathEl.isMember(jss::mpt_issuance_id);
+                        auto const assetName = isMPT ? jss::mpt_issuance_id : jss::currency;
+                        Json::Value const& account = pathEl[jss::account];
+                        Json::Value const& asset = pathEl[assetName];
+                        Json::Value const& issuer = pathEl[jss::issuer];
+                        bool hasAsset = false;
+                        AccountID uAccount, uIssuer;
+                        PathAsset uAsset;
+
+                        if (!account && !asset && !issuer)
                         {
                             error = invalid_data(element_name);
                             return ret;
@@ -764,7 +772,7 @@ parseLeaf(
                             // human account id
                             if (!account.isString())
                             {
-                                error = string_expected(element_name, "account");
+                                error = string_expected(element_name, jss::account.c_str());
                                 return ret;
                             }
 
@@ -775,31 +783,51 @@ parseLeaf(
                                 auto const a = parseBase58<AccountID>(account.asString());
                                 if (!a)
                                 {
-                                    error = invalid_data(element_name, "account");
+                                    error = invalid_data(element_name, jss::account.c_str());
                                     return ret;
                                 }
                                 uAccount = *a;
                             }
                         }
 
-                        if (currency)
+                        if (asset)
                         {
-                            // human currency
-                            if (!currency.isString())
+                            // human asset
+                            if (!asset.isString())
                             {
-                                error = string_expected(element_name, "currency");
+                                error = string_expected(element_name, assetName.c_str());
                                 return ret;
                             }
 
-                            hasCurrency = true;
+                            hasAsset = true;
 
-                            if (!uCurrency.parseHex(currency.asString()))
+                            if (isMPT)
                             {
-                                if (!to_currency(uCurrency, currency.asString()))
+                                MPTID u;
+                                if (!u.parseHex(asset.asString()))
                                 {
-                                    error = invalid_data(element_name, "currency");
+                                    error = invalid_data(element_name, assetName.c_str());
                                     return ret;
                                 }
+                                if (getMPTIssuer(u) == beast::zero)
+                                {
+                                    error = invalid_data(element_name, jss::account.c_str());
+                                    return ret;
+                                }
+                                uAsset = u;
+                            }
+                            else
+                            {
+                                Currency currency;
+                                if (!currency.parseHex(asset.asString()))
+                                {
+                                    if (!to_currency(currency, asset.asString()))
+                                    {
+                                        error = invalid_data(element_name, assetName.c_str());
+                                        return ret;
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                uAsset = currency;
                             }
                         }
 
@@ -808,7 +836,7 @@ parseLeaf(
                             // human account id
                             if (!issuer.isString())
                             {
-                                error = string_expected(element_name, "issuer");
+                                error = string_expected(element_name, jss::issuer.c_str());
                                 return ret;
                             }
 
@@ -817,14 +845,20 @@ parseLeaf(
                                 auto const a = parseBase58<AccountID>(issuer.asString());
                                 if (!a)
                                 {
-                                    error = invalid_data(element_name, "issuer");
+                                    error = invalid_data(element_name, jss::issuer.c_str());
                                     return ret;
                                 }
                                 uIssuer = *a;
                             }
+
+                            if (isMPT && uIssuer != getMPTIssuer(uAsset.get<MPTID>()))
+                            {
+                                error = invalid_data(element_name, jss::issuer.c_str());
+                                return ret;
+                            }
                         }
 
-                        p.emplace_back(uAccount, uCurrency, uIssuer, hasCurrency);
+                        p.emplace_back(uAccount, uAsset, uIssuer, hasAsset);
                     }
 
                     tail.push_back(p);