fix: Ensure xrpld service directories exist at startup (#7565)

Co-authored-by: Bart <bthomee@users.noreply.github.com>

include/xrpl/basics/TaggedCache.ipp

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 
 #include <xrpl/basics/IntrusivePointer.ipp>
 #include <xrpl/basics/TaggedCache.h>
-#include <xrpl/basics/scope.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 
@@ -537,15 +536,8 @@ TaggedCache<Key, T, IsKeyCache, SharedWeakUnionPointer, SharedPointerType, Hash,
     std::vector<key_type> v;
 
     {
-        std::unique_lock lock(mutex_);
+        std::scoped_lock const lock(mutex_);
-        for (auto size = cache_.size(); v.capacity() < size; size = cache_.size())
+        v.reserve(cache_.size());
-        {
-            ScopeUnlock const unlock(lock);
-            v.reserve(size);
-        }
-        XRPL_ASSERT(lock.owns_lock(), "xrpl::TaggedCache::getKeys(): owns lock");
-        XRPL_ASSERT(
-            v.capacity() >= cache_.size(), "xrpl::TaggedCache::getKeys(): sufficient capacity");
         for (auto const& _ : cache_)
             v.push_back(_.first);
     }

include/xrpl/ledger/helpers/DelegateHelpers.h

@@ -23,13 +23,9 @@ checkTxPermission(SLE::const_ref delegate, STTx const& tx);
  * @param delegate The delegate account.
  * @param type Used to determine which granted granular permissions to load,
  * based on the transaction type.
- * @param granularPermissions Granted granular permissions tied to the
+ * @return the granted granular permissions tied to the transaction type.
- * transaction type.
  */
-void
+std::unordered_set<GranularPermissionType>
-loadGranularPermission(
+getGranularPermission(SLE::const_ref delegate, TxType const& type);
-    SLE::const_ref delegate,
-    TxType const& type,
-    std::unordered_set<GranularPermissionType>& granularPermissions);
 
 }  // namespace xrpl

include/xrpl/protocol/Permissions.h

@@ -7,8 +7,13 @@
 #include <optional>
 #include <string>
 #include <unordered_map>
+#include <unordered_set>
+#include <vector>
 
 namespace xrpl {
+
+class STTx;
+
 /**
  * We have both transaction type permissions and granular type permissions.
  * Since we will reuse the TransactionFormats to parse the Transaction
@@ -19,15 +24,15 @@ namespace xrpl {
 // Macro-generated, complex
 // NOLINTNEXTLINE(cppcoreguidelines-use-enum-class)
 enum GranularPermissionType : std::uint32_t {
-#pragma push_macro("PERMISSION")
+#pragma push_macro("GRANULAR_PERMISSION")
-#undef PERMISSION
+#undef GRANULAR_PERMISSION
 
-#define PERMISSION(type, txType, value) type = (value),
+#define GRANULAR_PERMISSION(name, txType, value, ...) name = (value),
 
 #include <xrpl/protocol/detail/permissions.macro>
 
-#undef PERMISSION
+#undef GRANULAR_PERMISSION
-#pragma pop_macro("PERMISSION")
+#pragma pop_macro("GRANULAR_PERMISSION")
 };
 
 // Injected bare enumerators (xrpl::delegable / xrpl::notDelegable) are required by preprocessor
@@ -40,15 +45,30 @@ class Permission
 private:
     Permission();
 
-    std::unordered_map<std::uint16_t, uint256> txFeatureMap_;
+    struct GranularPermissionEntry
+    {
+        std::string name;
+        TxType txType;
+        std::uint32_t permittedFlags;
+        SOTemplate permittedFields;
 
-    std::unordered_map<std::uint16_t, Delegation> delegableTx_;
+        GranularPermissionEntry(
+            std::string name,
+            TxType txType,
+            std::uint32_t permittedFlags,
+            std::vector<SOElement> fields);
+    };
 
-    std::unordered_map<std::string, GranularPermissionType> granularPermissionMap_;
+    struct TxDelegationEntry
+    {
+        uint256 amendment;
+        Delegation delegable{NotDelegable};
+    };
 
-    std::unordered_map<GranularPermissionType, std::string> granularNameMap_;
+    std::unordered_set<TxType> granularTxTypes_;
-
+    std::unordered_map<TxType, TxDelegationEntry> txDelegationMap_;
-    std::unordered_map<GranularPermissionType, TxType> granularTxTypeMap_;
+    std::unordered_map<std::string, GranularPermissionType> granularPermissionsByName_;
+    std::unordered_map<GranularPermissionType, GranularPermissionEntry> granularPermissions_;
 
 public:
     static Permission const&
@@ -59,30 +79,52 @@ public:
     operator=(Permission const&) = delete;
 
     [[nodiscard]] std::optional<std::string>
-    getPermissionName(std::uint32_t const value) const;
+    getPermissionName(std::uint32_t value) const;
 
     [[nodiscard]] std::optional<std::uint32_t>
     getGranularValue(std::string const& name) const;
 
     [[nodiscard]] std::optional<std::string>
-    getGranularName(GranularPermissionType const& value) const;
+    getGranularName(GranularPermissionType value) const;
 
     [[nodiscard]] std::optional<TxType>
-    getGranularTxType(GranularPermissionType const& gpType) const;
+    getGranularTxType(GranularPermissionType gpType) const;
 
+    // Returns a reference to avoid copying uint256 - 32 bytes. std::optional
+    // cannot hold references directly, so std::reference_wrapper is used.
     [[nodiscard]] std::optional<std::reference_wrapper<uint256 const>>
     getTxFeature(TxType txType) const;
 
     [[nodiscard]] bool
-    isDelegable(std::uint32_t const& permissionValue, Rules const& rules) const;
+    isDelegable(std::uint32_t permissionValue, Rules const& rules) const;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] bool
+    hasGranularPermissions(TxType txType) const;
 
     // for tx level permission, permission value is equal to tx type plus one
-    static uint32_t
+    [[nodiscard]] static uint32_t
-    txToPermissionType(TxType const& type);
+    txToPermissionType(TxType type);
 
     // tx type value is permission value minus one
-    static TxType
+    [[nodiscard]] static TxType
-    permissionToTxType(uint32_t const& value);
+    permissionToTxType(std::uint32_t value);
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Verifies a delegated transaction against its granular permission template.
+     *
+     * @note WARNING: Do not move this check before standard transaction-level
+     * format checks, which is in preclaim. This function assumes the transaction's
+     * base structural integrity (fees, sequence, signatures) has already been
+     * validated.
+     *
+     * @param tx The transaction to verify.
+     * @param heldPermissions The granular permissions that the sender hold.
+     * @return true if the transaction fields and flags comply with the granular template.
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]] bool
+    checkGranularSandbox(
+        STTx const& tx,
+        std::unordered_set<GranularPermissionType> const& heldPermissions) const;
 };
 
 }  // namespace xrpl

include/xrpl/protocol/detail/features.macro

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ XRPL_FEATURE(MPTokensV2,                  Supported::No,  VoteBehavior::DefaultN
 XRPL_FIX    (Cleanup3_1_3,                Supported::Yes, VoteBehavior::DefaultYes)
 XRPL_FIX    (BatchInnerSigs,              Supported::No,  VoteBehavior::DefaultNo)
 XRPL_FEATURE(LendingProtocol,             Supported::Yes, VoteBehavior::DefaultNo)
-XRPL_FEATURE(PermissionDelegationV1_1,    Supported::No,  VoteBehavior::DefaultNo)
+XRPL_FEATURE(PermissionDelegationV1_1,    Supported::Yes, VoteBehavior::DefaultNo)
 XRPL_FIX    (DirectoryLimit,              Supported::Yes, VoteBehavior::DefaultNo)
 XRPL_FIX    (IncludeKeyletFields,         Supported::Yes, VoteBehavior::DefaultNo)
 XRPL_FEATURE(DynamicMPT,                  Supported::No,  VoteBehavior::DefaultNo)

include/xrpl/protocol/detail/permissions.macro

@@ -1,49 +1,74 @@
-#if !defined(PERMISSION)
+#if !defined(GRANULAR_PERMISSION)
-#error "undefined macro: PERMISSION"
+#error "undefined macro: GRANULAR_PERMISSION"
 #endif
 
 /**
- * PERMISSION(name, type, txType, value)
+ * GRANULAR_PERMISSION(name, txType, value, allowedFlags, allowedFields)
  *
- * This macro defines a permission:
+ * Defines a granular permission:
- * name: the name of the permission.
+ *   name:          the granular permission name.
- * type: the GranularPermissionType enum.
+ *   txType:        the corresponding TxType for this permission.
- * txType: the corresponding TxType for this permission.
+ *   value:         the uint32 numeric value for the enum type.
- * value: the uint32 numeric value for the enum type.
+ *   allowedFlags:  transaction flags permitted under this permission.
+ *   allowedFields: transaction fields permitted under this permission.
  */
 
-/** This permission grants the delegated account the ability to authorize a trustline. */
+/** Grants the ability to authorize a trustline. */
-PERMISSION(TrustlineAuthorize, ttTRUST_SET, 65537)
+GRANULAR_PERMISSION(TrustlineAuthorize, ttTRUST_SET, 65537, tfUniversal | tfSetfAuth,
+    ({{sfLimitAmount, SoeRequired}}))
 
-/** This permission grants the delegated account the ability to freeze a trustline. */
+/** Grants the ability to freeze a trustline. */
-PERMISSION(TrustlineFreeze, ttTRUST_SET, 65538)
+GRANULAR_PERMISSION(TrustlineFreeze, ttTRUST_SET, 65538, tfUniversal | tfSetFreeze,
+    ({{sfLimitAmount, SoeRequired}}))
 
-/** This permission grants the delegated account the ability to unfreeze a trustline. */
+/** Grants the ability to unfreeze a trustline. */
-PERMISSION(TrustlineUnfreeze, ttTRUST_SET, 65539)
+GRANULAR_PERMISSION(TrustlineUnfreeze, ttTRUST_SET, 65539, tfUniversal | tfClearFreeze,
+    ({{sfLimitAmount, SoeRequired}}))
 
-/** This permission grants the delegated account the ability to set Domain. */
+/** Grants the ability to set Domain. */
-PERMISSION(AccountDomainSet, ttACCOUNT_SET, 65540)
+GRANULAR_PERMISSION(AccountDomainSet, ttACCOUNT_SET, 65540, tfUniversal,
+    ({{sfDomain, SoeOptional}}))
 
-/** This permission grants the delegated account the ability to set EmailHashSet. */
+/** Grants the ability to set EmailHash. */
-PERMISSION(AccountEmailHashSet, ttACCOUNT_SET, 65541)
+GRANULAR_PERMISSION(AccountEmailHashSet, ttACCOUNT_SET, 65541, tfUniversal,
+    ({{sfEmailHash, SoeOptional}}))
 
-/** This permission grants the delegated account the ability to set MessageKey. */
+/** Grants the ability to set MessageKey. */
-PERMISSION(AccountMessageKeySet, ttACCOUNT_SET, 65542)
+GRANULAR_PERMISSION(AccountMessageKeySet, ttACCOUNT_SET, 65542, tfUniversal,
+    ({{sfMessageKey, SoeOptional}}))
 
-/** This permission grants the delegated account the ability to set TransferRate. */
+/** Grants the ability to set TransferRate. */
-PERMISSION(AccountTransferRateSet, ttACCOUNT_SET, 65543)
+GRANULAR_PERMISSION(AccountTransferRateSet, ttACCOUNT_SET, 65543, tfUniversal,
+    ({{sfTransferRate, SoeOptional}}))
 
-/** This permission grants the delegated account the ability to set TickSize. */
+/** Grants the ability to set TickSize. */
-PERMISSION(AccountTickSizeSet, ttACCOUNT_SET, 65544)
+GRANULAR_PERMISSION(AccountTickSizeSet, ttACCOUNT_SET, 65544, tfUniversal,
+    ({{sfTickSize, SoeOptional}}))
 
-/** This permission grants the delegated account the ability to mint payment, which means sending a payment for a currency where the sending account is the issuer. */
+/** Grants the ability to mint payment (sending account is the issuer). Cross-currency payments are disallowed. */
-PERMISSION(PaymentMint, ttPAYMENT, 65545)
+GRANULAR_PERMISSION(PaymentMint, ttPAYMENT, 65545, tfUniversal,
+    ({{sfDestination, SoeRequired},
+      {sfAmount, SoeRequired},
+      {sfSendMax, SoeOptional},
+      {sfInvoiceID, SoeOptional},
+      {sfDestinationTag, SoeOptional},
+      {sfCredentialIDs, SoeOptional}}))
 
-/** This permission grants the delegated account the ability to burn payment, which means sending a payment for a currency where the destination account is the issuer */
+/** Grants the ability to burn payment (destination account is the issuer). Cross-currency payments are disallowed. */
-PERMISSION(PaymentBurn, ttPAYMENT, 65546)
+GRANULAR_PERMISSION(PaymentBurn, ttPAYMENT, 65546, tfUniversal,
+    ({{sfDestination, SoeRequired},
+      {sfAmount, SoeRequired},
+      {sfSendMax, SoeOptional},
+      {sfInvoiceID, SoeOptional},
+      {sfDestinationTag, SoeOptional},
+      {sfCredentialIDs, SoeOptional}}))
 
-/** This permission grants the delegated account the ability to lock MPToken. */
+/** Grants the ability to lock an MPToken. */
-PERMISSION(MPTokenIssuanceLock, ttMPTOKEN_ISSUANCE_SET, 65547)
+GRANULAR_PERMISSION(MPTokenIssuanceLock, ttMPTOKEN_ISSUANCE_SET, 65547, tfUniversal | tfMPTLock,
+    ({{sfMPTokenIssuanceID, SoeRequired},
+      {sfHolder, SoeOptional}}))
 
-/** This permission grants the delegated account the ability to unlock MPToken. */
+/** Grants the ability to unlock an MPToken. */
-PERMISSION(MPTokenIssuanceUnlock, ttMPTOKEN_ISSUANCE_SET, 65548)
+GRANULAR_PERMISSION(MPTokenIssuanceUnlock, ttMPTOKEN_ISSUANCE_SET, 65548, tfUniversal | tfMPTUnlock,
+    ({{sfMPTokenIssuanceID, SoeRequired},
+      {sfHolder, SoeOptional}}))

include/xrpl/tx/Transactor.h

@@ -222,8 +222,63 @@ public:
         return tesSUCCESS;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * This function can be overridden to introduce additional semantic constraints beyond the
+     * granular template validation for granular permissions. It is called by the base
+     * invokeCheckPermission method only after the transaction has successfully passed
+     * checkGranularSandbox.
+     */
     static NotTEC
-    checkPermission(ReadView const& view, STTx const& tx);
+    checkGranularSemantics(
+        ReadView const& view,
+        STTx const& tx,
+        std::unordered_set<GranularPermissionType> const& heldGranularPermissions)
+    {
+        return tesSUCCESS;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks whether the transaction is authorized to be executed by the delegated account.
+     * This function enforces the strict permission check hierarchy. It is explicitly
+     * designed NOT to be overridden. Derived transactors must instead implement
+     * checkGranularSemantics to add custom validation logic for granular permissions.
+     *
+     * The evaluation proceeds as follows:
+     * - If transaction-level permission is granted, the function immediately returns tesSUCCESS.
+     * - If transaction-level permission is not granted, the function checks whether the transaction
+     * matches the granular permission template defined in permissions.macro. If it does, it then
+     * calls checkGranularSemantics to perform any additional, fine-grained validation.
+     *
+     */
+    template <class T>
+    static NotTEC
+    invokeCheckPermission(ReadView const& view, STTx const& tx)
+    {
+        // heldGranularPermissions is passed by reference into checkPermission.
+        // It is populated with the sender’s granular permissions only when the sender
+        // lacks tx-level permission but has granular permissions that satisfy the
+        // granular permission template.
+        //
+        // - result is terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION: return immediately.
+        // - result is tesSUCCESS and heldGranularPermissions is empty: tx-level permission was
+        // granted, so we returned success before populating it.
+        // - result is tesSUCCESS and heldGranularPermissions is not empty: tx-level permission was
+        // not granted, but the held granular permissions passed checkGranularSandbox, so we proceed
+        // to checkGranularSemantics.
+        //
+        // WARNING: Do not simplify checkPermission to return only
+        // heldGranularPermissions or the ter code. Both the result and the
+        // populated set are required to enforce the strict permission hierarchy
+        // described above.
+        std::unordered_set<GranularPermissionType> heldGranularPermissions;
+        if (NotTEC const result = checkPermission(view, tx, heldGranularPermissions);
+            !isTesSuccess(result) || heldGranularPermissions.empty())
+        {
+            return result;
+        }
+
+        return T::checkGranularSemantics(view, tx, heldGranularPermissions);
+    }
     /////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
     // Interface used by AccountDelete
@@ -353,6 +408,12 @@ protected:
         unit::ValueUnit<Unit, T> min = unit::ValueUnit<Unit, T>{});
 
 private:
+    static NotTEC
+    checkPermission(
+        ReadView const& view,
+        STTx const& tx,
+        std::unordered_set<GranularPermissionType>& heldGranularPermissions);
+
     std::pair<TER, XRPAmount>
     reset(XRPAmount fee);
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/account/AccountSet.h

@@ -23,9 +23,6 @@ public:
     static NotTEC
     preflight(PreflightContext const& ctx);
 
-    static NotTEC
-    checkPermission(ReadView const& view, STTx const& tx);
-
     static TER
     preclaim(PreclaimContext const& ctx);
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/payment/Payment.h

@@ -32,7 +32,10 @@ public:
     preflight(PreflightContext const& ctx);
 
     static NotTEC
-    checkPermission(ReadView const& view, STTx const& tx);
+    checkGranularSemantics(
+        ReadView const& view,
+        STTx const& tx,
+        std::unordered_set<GranularPermissionType> const& heldGranularPermissions);
 
     static TER
     preclaim(PreclaimContext const& ctx);

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/token/MPTokenIssuanceSet.h

@@ -22,9 +22,6 @@ public:
     static NotTEC
     preflight(PreflightContext const& ctx);
 
-    static NotTEC
-    checkPermission(ReadView const& view, STTx const& tx);
-
     static TER
     preclaim(PreclaimContext const& ctx);
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/token/TrustSet.h

@@ -21,7 +21,10 @@ public:
     preflight(PreflightContext const& ctx);
 
     static NotTEC
-    checkPermission(ReadView const& view, STTx const& tx);
+    checkGranularSemantics(
+        ReadView const& view,
+        STTx const& tx,
+        std::unordered_set<GranularPermissionType> const& heldGranularPermissions);
 
     static TER
     preclaim(PreclaimContext const& ctx);

package/shared/xrpld.service

@@ -17,6 +17,10 @@ ProtectHome=true
 PrivateTmp=true
 User=xrpld
 Group=xrpld
+StateDirectory=xrpld
+StateDirectoryMode=0750
+LogsDirectory=xrpld
+LogsDirectoryMode=0750
 LimitNOFILE=65536
 SystemCallArchitectures=native
 

src/libxrpl/protocol/Permissions.cpp

@@ -1,91 +1,136 @@
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Permissions.h>
 
 #include <xrpl/basics/base_uint.h>
+#include <xrpl/basics/contract.h>
 #include <xrpl/beast/utility/instrumentation.h>
-#include <xrpl/protocol/Feature.h>  // IWYU pragma: keep
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Rules.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/SField.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/SOTemplate.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/STTx.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/TxFlags.h>  // IWYU pragma: keep
 #include <xrpl/protocol/TxFormats.h>
 
+#include <algorithm>
 #include <cstdint>
 #include <functional>
 #include <optional>
+#include <stdexcept>
 #include <string>
+#include <tuple>
+#include <unordered_set>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 
+Permission::GranularPermissionEntry::GranularPermissionEntry(
+    std::string name,
+    TxType txType,
+    std::uint32_t permittedFlags,
+    std::vector<SOElement> permittedFields)
+    : name(std::move(name))
+    , txType(txType)
+    , permittedFlags(permittedFlags)
+    , permittedFields(std::move(permittedFields), TxFormats::getCommonFields())
+{
+}
+
 Permission::Permission()
 {
-    txFeatureMap_ = {
-#pragma push_macro("TRANSACTION")
-#undef TRANSACTION
-
-#define TRANSACTION(tag, value, name, delegable, amendment, ...) {value, amendment},
-
-#include <xrpl/protocol/detail/transactions.macro>
-
-#undef TRANSACTION
-#pragma pop_macro("TRANSACTION")
-    };
-
-    delegableTx_ = {
-#pragma push_macro("TRANSACTION")
-#undef TRANSACTION
-
-#define TRANSACTION(tag, value, name, delegable, ...) {value, delegable},
-
-#include <xrpl/protocol/detail/transactions.macro>
-
-#undef TRANSACTION
-#pragma pop_macro("TRANSACTION")
-    };
-
-    granularPermissionMap_ = {
-#pragma push_macro("PERMISSION")
-#undef PERMISSION
-
-#define PERMISSION(type, txType, value) {#type, type},
-
-#include <xrpl/protocol/detail/permissions.macro>
-
-#undef PERMISSION
-#pragma pop_macro("PERMISSION")
-    };
-
-    granularNameMap_ = {
-#pragma push_macro("PERMISSION")
-#undef PERMISSION
-
-#define PERMISSION(type, txType, value) {type, #type},
-
-#include <xrpl/protocol/detail/permissions.macro>
-
-#undef PERMISSION
-#pragma pop_macro("PERMISSION")
-    };
-
-    granularTxTypeMap_ = {
-#pragma push_macro("PERMISSION")
-#undef PERMISSION
-
-#define PERMISSION(type, txType, value) {type, txType},
-
-#include <xrpl/protocol/detail/permissions.macro>
-
-#undef PERMISSION
-#pragma pop_macro("PERMISSION")
-    };
-
-    XRPL_ASSERT(
-        txFeatureMap_.size() == delegableTx_.size(),
-        "xrpl::Permission : txFeatureMap_ and delegableTx_ must have same "
-        "size");
-
-    for ([[maybe_unused]] auto const& permission : granularPermissionMap_)
     {
-        XRPL_ASSERT(
+#pragma push_macro("TRANSACTION")
-            permission.second > UINT16_MAX,
+#undef TRANSACTION
-            "xrpl::Permission::granularPermissionMap_ : granular permission "
+
-            "value must not exceed the maximum uint16_t value.");
+#define TRANSACTION(tag, value, name, delegable, amendment, ...) \
+    txDelegationMap_[static_cast<TxType>(value)] = {amendment, delegable};
+
+#include <xrpl/protocol/detail/transactions.macro>
+
+#undef TRANSACTION
+#pragma pop_macro("TRANSACTION")
+    }
+
+    granularPermissionsByName_ = {
+#pragma push_macro("GRANULAR_PERMISSION")
+#undef GRANULAR_PERMISSION
+
+#define GRANULAR_PERMISSION(type, ...) {#type, type},
+
+#include <xrpl/protocol/detail/permissions.macro>
+
+#undef GRANULAR_PERMISSION
+#pragma pop_macro("GRANULAR_PERMISSION")
+    };
+
+    {
+#pragma push_macro("GRANULAR_PERMISSION")
+#undef GRANULAR_PERMISSION
+
+// NOLINTBEGIN(bugprone-macro-parentheses)
+#define GRANULAR_PERMISSION(type, txType, value, flags, fields) \
+    granularPermissions_.emplace(                               \
+        std::piecewise_construct,                               \
+        std::forward_as_tuple(GranularPermissionType::type),    \
+        std::forward_as_tuple(                                  \
+            #type, txType, static_cast<std::uint32_t>(flags), std::vector<SOElement> fields));
+        // NOLINTEND(bugprone-macro-parentheses)
+
+#include <xrpl/protocol/detail/permissions.macro>
+
+#undef GRANULAR_PERMISSION
+#pragma pop_macro("GRANULAR_PERMISSION")
+    }
+
+    if (granularPermissionsByName_.size() != granularPermissions_.size())
+    {
+        // LCOV_EXCL_START
+        Throw<std::logic_error>(
+            "granularPermissionsByName_ and granularPermissions_ must have same size");
+        // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
+    }
+
+    for (auto const& [name, type] : granularPermissionsByName_)
+    {
+        if (type <= UINT16_MAX)
+        {
+            // LCOV_EXCL_START
+            Throw<std::logic_error>(
+                "Granular permission value must exceed the maximum uint16_t value: " + name);
+            // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
+        }
+    }
+
+    for (auto const& [type, entry] : granularPermissions_)
+        granularTxTypes_.insert(entry.txType);
+
+    // Validate that all fields listed in permissions.macro exist in the
+    // corresponding transaction type's format, catching typos at startup.
+    for (auto const& [type, entry] : granularPermissions_)
+    {
+        if (!txDelegationMap_.contains(entry.txType))
+        {
+            // LCOV_EXCL_START
+            Throw<std::logic_error>("Invalid granular permission txType in txDelegationMap_");
+            // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
+        }
+
+        auto const* fmt = TxFormats::getInstance().findByType(entry.txType);
+        if (fmt == nullptr)
+        {
+            // LCOV_EXCL_START
+            Throw<std::logic_error>("Invalid granular permission txType");
+            // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
+        }
+
+        for (auto const& field : entry.permittedFields)
+        {
+            if (fmt->getSOTemplate().getIndex(field.sField()) == -1)
+            {
+                // LCOV_EXCL_START
+                Throw<std::logic_error>("Invalid granular permission field");
+                // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
+            }
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -97,8 +142,11 @@ Permission::getInstance()
 }
 
 std::optional<std::string>
-Permission::getPermissionName(std::uint32_t const value) const
+Permission::getPermissionName(std::uint32_t value) const
 {
+    if (value == 0)
+        return std::nullopt;
+
     auto const permissionValue = static_cast<GranularPermissionType>(value);
     if (auto const granular = getGranularName(permissionValue))
         return granular;
@@ -114,90 +162,131 @@ Permission::getPermissionName(std::uint32_t const value) const
 std::optional<std::uint32_t>
 Permission::getGranularValue(std::string const& name) const
 {
-    auto const it = granularPermissionMap_.find(name);
+    auto const it = granularPermissionsByName_.find(name);
-    if (it != granularPermissionMap_.end())
+    if (it != granularPermissionsByName_.end())
         return static_cast<uint32_t>(it->second);
 
     return std::nullopt;
 }
 
 std::optional<std::string>
-Permission::getGranularName(GranularPermissionType const& value) const
+Permission::getGranularName(GranularPermissionType value) const
 {
-    auto const it = granularNameMap_.find(value);
+    auto const it = granularPermissions_.find(value);
-    if (it != granularNameMap_.end())
+    if (it != granularPermissions_.end())
-        return it->second;
+        return it->second.name;
 
     return std::nullopt;
 }
 
 std::optional<TxType>
-Permission::getGranularTxType(GranularPermissionType const& gpType) const
+Permission::getGranularTxType(GranularPermissionType gpType) const
 {
-    auto const it = granularTxTypeMap_.find(gpType);
+    auto const it = granularPermissions_.find(gpType);
-    if (it != granularTxTypeMap_.end())
+    if (it != granularPermissions_.end())
-        return it->second;
+        return it->second.txType;
 
     return std::nullopt;
 }
 
+bool
+Permission::hasGranularPermissions(TxType txType) const
+{
+    return granularTxTypes_.contains(txType);
+}
+
 std::optional<std::reference_wrapper<uint256 const>>
 Permission::getTxFeature(TxType txType) const
 {
-    auto const txFeaturesIt = txFeatureMap_.find(txType);
+    auto const it = txDelegationMap_.find(txType);
     XRPL_ASSERT(
-        txFeaturesIt != txFeatureMap_.end(),
+        it != txDelegationMap_.end(),
-        "xrpl::Permissions::getTxFeature : tx exists in txFeatureMap_");
+        "xrpl::Permission::getTxFeature : tx exists in txDelegationMap_");
 
-    if (txFeaturesIt->second == uint256{})
+    if (it->second.amendment == uint256{})
         return std::nullopt;
-    return txFeaturesIt->second;
+
+    return std::optional{std::cref(it->second.amendment)};
 }
 
 bool
-Permission::isDelegable(std::uint32_t const& permissionValue, Rules const& rules) const
+Permission::isDelegable(std::uint32_t permissionValue, Rules const& rules) const
 {
-    auto const granularPermission =
+    if (permissionValue == 0)
-        getGranularName(static_cast<GranularPermissionType>(permissionValue));
+        return false;  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-    if (granularPermission)
+
+    auto const amendmentEnabled = [&rules](TxDelegationEntry const& entry) {
+        return entry.amendment == uint256{} || rules.enabled(entry.amendment);
+    };
+
+    // Granular permissions may authorize a limited subset of a tx type even
+    // when the full tx type is not delegable. They still require the
+    // underlying transaction amendment to be enabled.
+    if (auto const granularIt =
+            granularPermissions_.find(static_cast<GranularPermissionType>(permissionValue));
+        granularIt != granularPermissions_.end())
     {
-        // granular permissions are always allowed to be delegated
+        auto const txIt = txDelegationMap_.find(granularIt->second.txType);
-        return true;
+        return txIt != txDelegationMap_.end() && amendmentEnabled(txIt->second);
     }
 
     auto const txType = permissionToTxType(permissionValue);
-    auto const it = delegableTx_.find(txType);
+    auto const txIt = txDelegationMap_.find(txType);
 
-    if (it == delegableTx_.end())
+    // Tx-level permissions require the transaction type itself to be delegable, and
-        return false;
+    // the corresponding amendment enabled.
-
+    return txIt != txDelegationMap_.end() && txIt->second.delegable != NotDelegable &&
-    auto const txFeaturesIt = txFeatureMap_.find(txType);
+        amendmentEnabled(txIt->second);
-    XRPL_ASSERT(
-        txFeaturesIt != txFeatureMap_.end(),
-        "xrpl::Permissions::isDelegable : tx exists in txFeatureMap_");
-
-    // Delegation is only allowed if the required amendment for the transaction
-    // is enabled. For transactions that do not require an amendment, delegation
-    // is always allowed.
-    if (txFeaturesIt->second != uint256{} && !rules.enabled(txFeaturesIt->second))
-        return false;
-
-    if (it->second == Delegation::NotDelegable)
-        return false;
-
-    return true;
 }
 
 uint32_t
-Permission::txToPermissionType(TxType const& type)
+Permission::txToPermissionType(TxType const type)
 {
     return static_cast<uint32_t>(type) + 1;
 }
 
 TxType
-Permission::permissionToTxType(uint32_t const& value)
+Permission::permissionToTxType(uint32_t value)
 {
+    XRPL_ASSERT(value > 0, "xrpl::Permission::permissionToTxType : value is greater than 0");
     return static_cast<TxType>(value - 1);
 }
 
+bool
+Permission::checkGranularSandbox(
+    STTx const& tx,
+    std::unordered_set<GranularPermissionType> const& heldPermissions) const
+{
+    // Build union of flags upfront to enable an early exit. Fields are not stored and
+    // grouped in advance to avoid heap allocation.
+    std::uint32_t unionFlags = 0;
+    for (auto const& gp : heldPermissions)
+    {
+        auto const it = granularPermissions_.find(gp);
+        if (it != granularPermissions_.end())
+            unionFlags |= it->second.permittedFlags;
+    }
+
+    // Check if flags are permitted
+    if ((tx.getFlags() & ~unionFlags) != 0)
+        return false;
+
+    // Check if fields are permitted. Every present field must appear in at least one held
+    // permission's template. The common fields are included in the constructor.
+    for (auto const& field : tx)
+    {
+        if (field.getSType() == STI_NOTPRESENT)
+            continue;
+
+        if (!std::ranges::any_of(heldPermissions, [&](auto const& gp) {
+                auto const it = granularPermissions_.find(gp);
+                return it != granularPermissions_.end() &&
+                    it->second.permittedFields.getIndex(field.getFName()) != -1;
+            }))
+            return false;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
 }  // namespace xrpl

src/libxrpl/protocol/STTx.cpp

@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ STTx::getFeePayer() const
 {
     // If sfDelegate is present, the delegate account is the payer
     // note: if a delegate is specified, its authorization to act on behalf of the account is
-    // enforced in `Transactor::checkPermission`
+    // enforced in `Transactor::invokeCheckPermission`
     // cryptographic signature validity is checked separately (e.g., in `Transactor::checkSign`)
     if (isFieldPresent(sfDelegate))
         return getAccountID(sfDelegate);

src/libxrpl/tx/Transactor.cpp

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Feature.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Indexes.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/LedgerFormats.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/Permissions.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Protocol.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/PublicKey.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Rules.h>
@@ -46,6 +47,7 @@
 #include <exception>
 #include <optional>
 #include <stdexcept>
+#include <unordered_set>
 #include <utility>
 #include <vector>
 
@@ -175,6 +177,16 @@ Transactor::preflight1(PreflightContext const& ctx, std::uint32_t flagMask)
 
         if (ctx.tx[sfDelegate] == ctx.tx[sfAccount])
             return temBAD_SIGNER;
+
+        auto const& perm = Permission::getInstance();
+        auto const txType = ctx.tx.getTxnType();
+
+        // If the transaction is not delegable and does not have granular permissions, fail earlier
+        // with temINVALID. This is to prevent transactions that are not delegable at all from
+        // being processed further in the invokeCheckPermission function.
+        if (!perm.isDelegable(Permission::txToPermissionType(txType), ctx.rules) &&
+            !perm.hasGranularPermissions(txType))
+            return temINVALID;
     }
 
     if (auto const ret = preflight0(ctx, flagMask))
@@ -295,19 +307,33 @@ Transactor::preflightSigValidated(PreflightContext const& ctx)
 }
 
 NotTEC
-Transactor::checkPermission(ReadView const& view, STTx const& tx)
+Transactor::checkPermission(
+    ReadView const& view,
+    STTx const& tx,
+    std::unordered_set<GranularPermissionType>& heldGranularPermissions)
 {
     auto const delegate = tx[~sfDelegate];
     if (!delegate)
         return tesSUCCESS;
 
-    auto const delegateKey = keylet::delegate(tx[sfAccount], *delegate);
+    auto const sle = view.read(keylet::delegate(tx[sfAccount], *delegate));
-    auto const sle = view.read(delegateKey);
-
     if (!sle)
         return terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION;
 
-    return checkTxPermission(sle, tx);
+    if (isTesSuccess(checkTxPermission(sle, tx)))
+        return tesSUCCESS;
+
+    if (!Permission::getInstance().hasGranularPermissions(tx.getTxnType()))
+        return terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION;
+
+    heldGranularPermissions = getGranularPermission(sle, tx.getTxnType());
+    if (heldGranularPermissions.empty())
+        return terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION;
+
+    if (!Permission::getInstance().checkGranularSandbox(tx, heldGranularPermissions))
+        return terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION;
+
+    return tesSUCCESS;
 }
 
 XRPAmount

src/libxrpl/tx/applySteps.cpp

@@ -181,7 +181,8 @@ invokePreclaim(PreclaimContext const& ctx)
                         if (NotTEC const result = T::checkPriorTxAndLastLedger(ctx))
                             return result;
 
-                        if (NotTEC const result = T::checkPermission(ctx.view, ctx.tx))
+                        if (NotTEC const result =
+                                Transactor::invokeCheckPermission<T>(ctx.view, ctx.tx))
                             return result;
 
                         if (NotTEC const result = T::checkSign(ctx))

src/libxrpl/tx/transactors/account/AccountSet.cpp

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@
 #include <xrpl/basics/base_uint.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/ApplyView.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/ReadView.h>
-#include <xrpl/ledger/helpers/DelegateHelpers.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/helpers/DirectoryHelpers.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Feature.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Indexes.h>
@@ -20,13 +19,11 @@
 #include <xrpl/protocol/STTx.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/TER.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/TxFlags.h>
-#include <xrpl/protocol/TxFormats.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/XRPAmount.h>
 #include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 #include <xrpl/tx/applySteps.h>
 
 #include <cstdint>
-#include <unordered_set>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 
@@ -168,54 +165,6 @@ AccountSet::preflight(PreflightContext const& ctx)
     return tesSUCCESS;
 }
 
-NotTEC
-AccountSet::checkPermission(ReadView const& view, STTx const& tx)
-{
-    // AccountSet is prohibited to be granted on a transaction level,
-    // but some granular permissions are allowed.
-    auto const delegate = tx[~sfDelegate];
-    if (!delegate)
-        return tesSUCCESS;
-
-    auto const delegateKey = keylet::delegate(tx[sfAccount], *delegate);
-    auto const sle = view.read(delegateKey);
-
-    if (!sle)
-        return terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION;
-
-    std::unordered_set<GranularPermissionType> granularPermissions;
-    loadGranularPermission(sle, ttACCOUNT_SET, granularPermissions);
-
-    auto const uSetFlag = tx.getFieldU32(sfSetFlag);
-    auto const uClearFlag = tx.getFieldU32(sfClearFlag);
-    // We don't support any flag based granular permission under
-    // AccountSet transaction. If any delegated account is trying to
-    // update the flag on behalf of another account, it is not
-    // authorized.
-    if (uSetFlag != 0 || uClearFlag != 0 || ((tx.getFlags() & tfUniversalMask) != 0u))
-        return terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION;
-
-    if (tx.isFieldPresent(sfEmailHash) && !granularPermissions.contains(AccountEmailHashSet))
-        return terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION;
-
-    if (tx.isFieldPresent(sfWalletLocator) || tx.isFieldPresent(sfNFTokenMinter))
-        return terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION;
-
-    if (tx.isFieldPresent(sfMessageKey) && !granularPermissions.contains(AccountMessageKeySet))
-        return terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION;
-
-    if (tx.isFieldPresent(sfDomain) && !granularPermissions.contains(AccountDomainSet))
-        return terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION;
-
-    if (tx.isFieldPresent(sfTransferRate) && !granularPermissions.contains(AccountTransferRateSet))
-        return terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION;
-
-    if (tx.isFieldPresent(sfTickSize) && !granularPermissions.contains(AccountTickSizeSet))
-        return terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION;
-
-    return tesSUCCESS;
-}
-
 TER
 AccountSet::preclaim(PreclaimContext const& ctx)
 {

src/libxrpl/tx/transactors/delegate/DelegateUtils.cpp

@@ -29,14 +29,12 @@ checkTxPermission(SLE::const_ref delegate, STTx const& tx)
     return terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION;
 }
 
-void
+std::unordered_set<GranularPermissionType>
-loadGranularPermission(
+getGranularPermission(SLE::const_ref delegate, TxType const& txType)
-    SLE::const_ref delegate,
-    TxType const& txType,
-    std::unordered_set<GranularPermissionType>& granularPermissions)
 {
+    std::unordered_set<GranularPermissionType> granularPermissions;
     if (!delegate)
-        return;
+        return granularPermissions;
 
     auto const permissionArray = delegate->getFieldArray(sfPermissions);
     for (auto const& permission : permissionArray)
@@ -47,6 +45,8 @@ loadGranularPermission(
         if (type && *type == txType)
             granularPermissions.insert(granularValue);
     }
+
+    return granularPermissions;
 }
 
 }  // namespace xrpl

src/libxrpl/tx/transactors/payment/Payment.cpp

@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@
 #include <xrpl/ledger/ReadView.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/helpers/AccountRootHelpers.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/helpers/CredentialHelpers.h>
-#include <xrpl/ledger/helpers/DelegateHelpers.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/helpers/MPTokenHelpers.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/helpers/PermissionedDEXHelpers.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/helpers/TokenHelpers.h>
@@ -29,7 +28,6 @@
 #include <xrpl/protocol/STTx.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/TER.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/TxFlags.h>
-#include <xrpl/protocol/TxFormats.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/UintTypes.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/XRPAmount.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/jss.h>
@@ -273,38 +271,24 @@ Payment::preflight(PreflightContext const& ctx)
 }
 
 NotTEC
-Payment::checkPermission(ReadView const& view, STTx const& tx)
+Payment::checkGranularSemantics(
+    ReadView const& view,
+    STTx const& tx,
+    std::unordered_set<GranularPermissionType> const& heldGranularPermissions)
 {
-    auto const delegate = tx[~sfDelegate];
-    if (!delegate)
-        return tesSUCCESS;
-
-    auto const delegateKey = keylet::delegate(tx[sfAccount], *delegate);
-    auto const sle = view.read(delegateKey);
-
-    if (!sle)
-        return terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION;
-
-    if (isTesSuccess(checkTxPermission(sle, tx)))
-        return tesSUCCESS;
-
-    std::unordered_set<GranularPermissionType> granularPermissions;
-    loadGranularPermission(sle, ttPAYMENT, granularPermissions);
-
     auto const& dstAmount = tx.getFieldAmount(sfAmount);
     auto const& amountAsset = dstAmount.asset();
 
     // Granular permissions are only valid for direct payments.
-    if ((tx.isFieldPresent(sfSendMax) && tx[sfSendMax].asset() != amountAsset) ||
+    if (tx.isFieldPresent(sfSendMax) && tx[sfSendMax].asset() != amountAsset)
-        tx.isFieldPresent(sfPaths))
         return terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION;
 
     // PaymentMint and PaymentBurn apply to both IOU and MPT direct payments.
-    if (granularPermissions.contains(PaymentMint) && !isXRP(amountAsset) &&
+    if (heldGranularPermissions.contains(PaymentMint) && !isXRP(amountAsset) &&
         amountAsset.getIssuer() == tx[sfAccount])
         return tesSUCCESS;
 
-    if (granularPermissions.contains(PaymentBurn) && !isXRP(amountAsset) &&
+    if (heldGranularPermissions.contains(PaymentBurn) && !isXRP(amountAsset) &&
         amountAsset.getIssuer() == tx[sfDestination])
         return tesSUCCESS;
 

src/libxrpl/tx/transactors/token/MPTokenIssuanceSet.cpp

@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
 #include <xrpl/beast/utility/instrumentation.h>
 #include <xrpl/core/ServiceRegistry.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/ReadView.h>
-#include <xrpl/ledger/helpers/DelegateHelpers.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Feature.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Indexes.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/LedgerFormats.h>
@@ -16,14 +15,12 @@
 #include <xrpl/protocol/STTx.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/TER.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/TxFlags.h>
-#include <xrpl/protocol/TxFormats.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/XRPAmount.h>
 #include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <array>
 #include <cstdint>
-#include <unordered_set>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 
@@ -138,39 +135,6 @@ MPTokenIssuanceSet::preflight(PreflightContext const& ctx)
     return tesSUCCESS;
 }
 
-NotTEC
-MPTokenIssuanceSet::checkPermission(ReadView const& view, STTx const& tx)
-{
-    auto const delegate = tx[~sfDelegate];
-    if (!delegate)
-        return tesSUCCESS;
-
-    auto const delegateKey = keylet::delegate(tx[sfAccount], *delegate);
-    auto const sle = view.read(delegateKey);
-
-    if (!sle)
-        return terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION;
-
-    if (isTesSuccess(checkTxPermission(sle, tx)))
-        return tesSUCCESS;
-
-    // this is added in case more flags will be added for MPTokenIssuanceSet
-    // in the future. Currently unreachable.
-    if ((tx.getFlags() & tfMPTokenIssuanceSetMask) != 0u)
-        return terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION;  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-
-    std::unordered_set<GranularPermissionType> granularPermissions;
-    loadGranularPermission(sle, ttMPTOKEN_ISSUANCE_SET, granularPermissions);
-
-    if (tx.isFlag(tfMPTLock) && !granularPermissions.contains(MPTokenIssuanceLock))
-        return terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION;
-
-    if (tx.isFlag(tfMPTUnlock) && !granularPermissions.contains(MPTokenIssuanceUnlock))
-        return terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION;
-
-    return tesSUCCESS;
-}
-
 TER
 MPTokenIssuanceSet::preclaim(PreclaimContext const& ctx)
 {

src/libxrpl/tx/transactors/token/TrustSet.cpp

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@
 #include <xrpl/core/ServiceRegistry.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/ReadView.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/helpers/AccountRootHelpers.h>
-#include <xrpl/ledger/helpers/DelegateHelpers.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/helpers/RippleStateHelpers.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/AMMCore.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/AccountID.h>
@@ -21,7 +20,6 @@
 #include <xrpl/protocol/STTx.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/TER.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/TxFlags.h>
-#include <xrpl/protocol/TxFormats.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/UintTypes.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/XRPAmount.h>
 #include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
@@ -124,51 +122,21 @@ TrustSet::preflight(PreflightContext const& ctx)
 }
 
 NotTEC
-TrustSet::checkPermission(ReadView const& view, STTx const& tx)
+TrustSet::checkGranularSemantics(
+    ReadView const& view,
+    STTx const& tx,
+    std::unordered_set<GranularPermissionType> const& heldGranularPermissions)
 {
-    auto const delegate = tx[~sfDelegate];
-    if (!delegate)
-        return tesSUCCESS;
-
-    auto const delegateKey = keylet::delegate(tx[sfAccount], *delegate);
-    auto const sle = view.read(delegateKey);
-
-    if (!sle)
-        return terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION;
-
-    if (isTesSuccess(checkTxPermission(sle, tx)))
-        return tesSUCCESS;
-
-    // Currently we only support TrustlineAuthorize, TrustlineFreeze and
-    // TrustlineUnfreeze granular permission. Setting other flags returns
-    // error.
-    if ((tx.getFlags() & tfTrustSetPermissionMask) != 0u)
-        return terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION;
-
-    if (tx.isFieldPresent(sfQualityIn) || tx.isFieldPresent(sfQualityOut))
-        return terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION;
-
     auto const saLimitAmount = tx.getFieldAmount(sfLimitAmount);
     auto const sleRippleState = view.read(
         keylet::line(
             tx[sfAccount], saLimitAmount.getIssuer(), saLimitAmount.get<Issue>().currency));
 
-    // if the trustline does not exist, granular permissions are
+    // granular permissions are not allowed to create a trustline
-    // not allowed to create trustline
     if (!sleRippleState)
         return terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION;
 
-    std::unordered_set<GranularPermissionType> granularPermissions;
+    // updating LimitAmount is not allowed with granular permissions,
-    loadGranularPermission(sle, ttTRUST_SET, granularPermissions);
-
-    if (tx.isFlag(tfSetfAuth) && !granularPermissions.contains(TrustlineAuthorize))
-        return terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION;
-    if (tx.isFlag(tfSetFreeze) && !granularPermissions.contains(TrustlineFreeze))
-        return terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION;
-    if (tx.isFlag(tfClearFreeze) && !granularPermissions.contains(TrustlineUnfreeze))
-        return terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION;
-
-    // updating LimitAmount is not allowed only with granular permissions,
     // unless there's a new granular permission for this in the future.
     auto const curLimit = tx[sfAccount] > saLimitAmount.getIssuer()
         ? sleRippleState->getFieldAmount(sfHighLimit)

src/test/app/Delegate_test.cpp

@@ -5,8 +5,11 @@
 #include <test/jtx/acctdelete.h>
 #include <test/jtx/amount.h>
 #include <test/jtx/balance.h>
+#include <test/jtx/batch.h>
 #include <test/jtx/delegate.h>
+#include <test/jtx/delivermin.h>
 #include <test/jtx/did.h>
+#include <test/jtx/domain.h>
 #include <test/jtx/fee.h>
 #include <test/jtx/flags.h>
 #include <test/jtx/mpt.h>
@@ -22,7 +25,9 @@
 #include <test/jtx/ter.h>
 #include <test/jtx/trust.h>
 #include <test/jtx/txflags.h>
+#include <test/jtx/vault.h>
 
+#include <xrpl/basics/Number.h>
 #include <xrpl/basics/Slice.h>
 #include <xrpl/basics/base_uint.h>
 #include <xrpl/basics/strHex.h>
@@ -33,6 +38,7 @@
 #include <xrpl/ledger/helpers/DelegateHelpers.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Feature.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Indexes.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/Issue.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/KeyType.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Permissions.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/SField.h>
@@ -41,6 +47,7 @@
 #include <xrpl/protocol/SecretKey.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/TER.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/TxFlags.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/XRPAmount.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/jss.h>
 
 #include <algorithm>
@@ -1063,6 +1070,93 @@ class Delegate_test : public beast::unit_test::Suite
             }
         }
 
+        // PaymentMint/PaymentBurn with sfSendMax of the same asset is allowed,
+        // same-asset SendMax is still a direct payment, not cross-currency.
+        {
+            Env env(*this, features);
+            Account const alice{"alice"};
+            Account const bob{"bob"};
+            Account const gw{"gw"};
+            auto const usd = gw["USD"];
+            env.fund(XRP(10000), alice, bob, gw);
+            env.trust(usd(200), alice);
+            env.close();
+
+            env(delegate::set(gw, bob, {"PaymentMint"}));
+            env.close();
+
+            // sfSendMax with same asset as sfAmount, still a direct payment
+            env(pay(gw, alice, usd(50)), Sendmax(usd(50)), delegate::As(bob));
+            env.require(Balance(alice, usd(50)));
+
+            env(delegate::set(alice, bob, {"PaymentBurn"}));
+            env.close();
+
+            env(pay(alice, gw, usd(30)), Sendmax(usd(30)), delegate::As(bob));
+            env.require(Balance(alice, usd(20)));
+        }
+
+        // Test invalid fields or flags not allowed in granular permission template
+        {
+            Env env(*this, features);
+            Account const alice{"alice"};
+            Account const bob{"bob"};
+            Account const gw{"gw"};
+            auto const usd = gw["USD"];
+            env.fund(XRP(10000), alice, bob, gw);
+            env.trust(usd(200), alice);
+            env.close();
+
+            env(delegate::set(gw, bob, {"PaymentMint"}));
+            env(delegate::set(alice, bob, {"PaymentBurn"}));
+            env.close();
+
+            // sfDeliverMin (with tfPartialPayment) is not in the PaymentMint
+            // or PaymentBurn template.
+            env(pay(gw, alice, usd(100)),
+                DeliverMin(usd(50)),
+                Txflags(tfPartialPayment),
+                delegate::As(bob),
+                Ter(terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION));
+            env(pay(alice, gw, usd(50)),
+                DeliverMin(usd(25)),
+                Txflags(tfPartialPayment),
+                delegate::As(bob),
+                Ter(terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION));
+
+            // sfDomainID is not in the PaymentMint or PaymentBurn template.
+            env(pay(gw, alice, usd(100)),
+                Domain(uint256{1}),
+                delegate::As(bob),
+                Ter(terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION));
+            env(pay(alice, gw, usd(50)),
+                Domain(uint256{1}),
+                delegate::As(bob),
+                Ter(terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION));
+        }
+
+        // Delegate account holds no granular permissions for the tx type:
+        // getGranularPermission returns empty set.
+        {
+            Env env(*this, features);
+            Account const alice{"alice"};
+            Account const bob{"bob"};
+            Account const gw{"gw"};
+            auto const usd = gw["USD"];
+            env.fund(XRP(10000), alice, bob, gw);
+            env.trust(usd(200), alice);
+            env.close();
+
+            // Bob holds only an AccountSet granular permission.
+            env(delegate::set(alice, bob, {"AccountDomainSet"}));
+            env.close();
+
+            // Payment has granular permissions defined in permissions.macro,
+            // but bob only holds AccountSet's granular permission,
+            // getGranularPermission returns empty.
+            env(pay(alice, gw, usd(50)), delegate::As(bob), Ter(terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION));
+        }
+
         // PaymentMint and PaymentBurn for MPT
         {
             std::string logs;
@@ -1119,6 +1213,40 @@ class Delegate_test : public beast::unit_test::Suite
                 BEAST_EXPECT(env.balance(bob, MPT) == bobMPT + MPT(100));
             }
         }
+
+        // Verify granular permissions of different tx types in the same SLE are scoped
+        // correctly. AccountSet permissions don't apply to Payment and vice versa
+        {
+            Env env(*this);
+            Account const alice{"alice"};
+            Account const bob{"bob"};
+            Account const gw{"gw"};
+            auto const usd = gw["USD"];
+            env.fund(XRP(10000), alice, bob, gw);
+            env.trust(usd(200), alice);
+            env.close();
+
+            // Alice granted bob with both AccountDomainSet and PaymentMint.
+            env(delegate::set(alice, bob, {"AccountDomainSet", "PaymentMint"}));
+            env.close();
+
+            // PaymentMint fails at granular semantic check because alice is not the issuer.
+            env(pay(alice, gw, usd(50)), delegate::As(bob), Ter(terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION));
+
+            // AccountDomainSet applies correctly to AccountSet
+            std::string const domain = "example.com";
+            auto jt = noop(alice);
+            jt[sfDomain] = strHex(domain);
+            jt[sfDelegate] = bob.human();
+            env(jt);
+            BEAST_EXPECT((*env.le(alice))[sfDomain] == makeSlice(domain));
+
+            // gw gives bob PaymentMint and bob can mint on gw's behalf
+            env(delegate::set(gw, bob, {"PaymentMint"}));
+            env.close();
+            env(pay(gw, alice, usd(50)), delegate::As(bob));
+            env.require(Balance(alice, usd(50)));
+        }
     }
 
     void
@@ -1301,6 +1429,34 @@ class Delegate_test : public beast::unit_test::Suite
             env(trust(gw, gw["USD"](0), alice, tfSetfAuth | tfFullyCanonicalSig),
                 delegate::As(bob));
         }
+
+        {
+            Env env(*this);
+            Account const gw{"gw"};
+            Account const alice{"alice"};
+            Account const bob{"bob"};
+            env.fund(XRP(10000), gw, alice, bob);
+
+            env(fset(gw, asfRequireAuth));
+            env.close();
+            env(trust(alice, gw["USD"](50)));
+            env.close();
+            env(delegate::set(gw, bob, {"TrustlineAuthorize"}));
+            env.close();
+
+            env(trust(gw, gw["USD"](0), alice, tfSetfAuth), delegate::As(bob));
+            env.close();
+
+            // sfQualityOut is a valid TrustSet field, but not permitted in granular template
+            json::Value txJson = trust(gw, gw["USD"](0), alice, tfSetfAuth);
+            txJson[sfQualityOut.jsonName] = 100;
+            env(txJson, delegate::As(bob), Ter(terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION));
+
+            // tfSetNoRipple is a valid flag for TrustSet, but not permitted in granular template
+            env(trust(gw, gw["USD"](0), alice, tfSetfAuth | tfSetNoRipple),
+                delegate::As(bob),
+                Ter(terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION));
+        }
     }
 
     void
@@ -1456,7 +1612,9 @@ class Delegate_test : public beast::unit_test::Suite
             env(jv2, Ter(terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION));
         }
 
-        // can not set AccountSet flags on behalf of other account
+        // can not set AccountSet flags on behalf of other account,
+        // in permissions.macro, the template for AccountSet does
+        // not allow any flag set or clear.
         {
             Env env(*this);
             auto const alice = Account{"alice"};
@@ -1552,6 +1710,71 @@ class Delegate_test : public beast::unit_test::Suite
             env(jt);
             BEAST_EXPECT((*env.le(alice))[sfDomain] == makeSlice(domain));
         }
+
+        // setting invalid field not in permissions.macro template will be rejected.
+        {
+            Env env(*this);
+            auto const alice = Account{"alice"};
+            auto const bob = Account{"bob"};
+            env.fund(XRP(10000), alice, bob);
+            env.close();
+
+            // Alice gives Bob permission to set her Domain
+            env(delegate::set(alice, bob, {"AccountDomainSet"}));
+            env.close();
+
+            std::string const domain = "example.com";
+            auto txJson = noop(alice);
+            txJson[sfDomain] = strHex(domain);
+            txJson[sfDelegate] = bob.human();
+
+            // sfNFTokenMinter is a valid field in AccountSet tx, but
+            // it is not permitted for granular template
+            txJson[sfNFTokenMinter] = bob.human();
+
+            env(txJson, Ter(terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION));
+        }
+
+        // Delegated AccountSet with no fields and no flags is allowed,
+        // because it is allowed in the non-delegated case as well.
+        {
+            Env env(*this);
+            Account const alice{"alice"};
+            Account const bob{"bob"};
+            env.fund(XRP(10000), alice, bob);
+            env.close();
+
+            env(delegate::set(alice, bob, {"AccountDomainSet"}));
+            env.close();
+
+            auto jt = noop(alice);
+            jt[sfDelegate] = bob.human();
+            env(jt);
+        }
+
+        // Revoking all permissions deletes the SLE and subsequent attempts are rejected.
+        {
+            Env env(*this);
+            Account const alice{"alice"};
+            Account const bob{"bob"};
+            env.fund(XRP(10000), alice, bob);
+            env.close();
+
+            env(delegate::set(alice, bob, {"AccountDomainSet"}));
+            env.close();
+
+            std::string const domain = "example.com";
+            auto jt = noop(alice);
+            jt[sfDomain] = strHex(domain);
+            jt[sfDelegate] = bob.human();
+            env(jt);
+
+            // empty DelegateSet deletes the SLE
+            env(delegate::set(alice, bob, {}));
+            env.close();
+
+            env(jt, Ter(terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION));
+        }
     }
 
     void
@@ -1672,6 +1895,37 @@ class Delegate_test : public beast::unit_test::Suite
             env.close();
             mpt.set({.account = alice, .flags = tfMPTLock | tfFullyCanonicalSig, .delegate = bob});
         }
+
+        // field not permitted to exist in granular delegation
+        {
+            Env env(*this);
+            Account const alice{"alice"};
+            Account const bob{"bob"};
+            env.fund(XRP(100000), alice, bob);
+
+            MPTTester mpt(env, alice, {.fund = false});
+            mpt.create({.flags = tfMPTCanLock});
+            env.close();
+
+            // alice gives granular permission to bob for MPTokenIssuanceLock
+            env(delegate::set(alice, bob, {"MPTokenIssuanceLock"}));
+            env.close();
+
+            // Field is not permitted, permitted fields for delegation is defined in
+            // permissions.macro.
+            mpt.set(
+                {.account = alice,
+                 .mutableFlags = 2,
+                 .delegate = bob,
+                 .err = terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION});
+
+            // Notice: flags not defined in permissions.macro are not permitted for delegation.
+            // Since preflight will check invalid flag for the tx, it is not reachable.
+            // If any new flag is defined into the transaction in the future,
+            // but is not allowed for delegation, the transaction will be rejected with
+            // terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION. The set of permitted flags for delegation is defined in
+            // permissions.macro.
+        }
     }
 
     void
@@ -2141,6 +2395,62 @@ class Delegate_test : public beast::unit_test::Suite
             for (auto const& tx : txRequiredFeatures)
                 txAmendmentEnabled(tx.first);
         }
+
+        // Granular permissions also require the amendment for their underlying
+        // transaction type.
+        {
+            for (auto const permission : {"MPTokenIssuanceLock", "MPTokenIssuanceUnlock"})
+            {
+                Env env(*this, features - featureMPTokensV1);
+
+                Account const alice{"alice"};
+                Account const bob{"bob"};
+                env.fund(XRP(100000), alice, bob);
+                env.close();
+
+                env(delegate::set(alice, bob, {permission}), Ter(temMALFORMED));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    void
+    testGranularSandboxCheckOrder()
+    {
+        testcase("Make sure GranularSandbox is checked after transaction-level permission");
+
+        using namespace jtx;
+
+        Env env(*this);
+        Account const gw{"gw"};
+        Account const alice{"alice"};
+        Account const bob{"bob"};
+        env.fund(XRP(10000), gw, alice, bob);
+
+        env(fset(gw, asfRequireAuth));
+        env.close();
+        env(trust(alice, gw["USD"](50)));
+        env.close();
+        env(delegate::set(gw, bob, {"TrustlineAuthorize"}));
+        env.close();
+
+        env(trust(gw, gw["USD"](0), alice, tfSetfAuth), delegate::As(bob));
+        env.close();
+
+        // sfQualityOut is a valid TrustSet field, but not permitted in granular template
+        json::Value txJson = trust(gw, gw["USD"](0), alice, tfSetfAuth);
+        txJson[sfQualityOut.jsonName] = 100;
+        env(txJson, delegate::As(bob), Ter(terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION));
+
+        // Now Alice grants Bob with transaction level permission
+        env(delegate::set(gw, bob, {"TrustlineAuthorize", "TrustSet"}));
+        env.close();
+
+        // NOTE: This case is to ensure that if a delegate possesses a
+        // transaction-level permission (e.g., TrustSet), the granular sandbox must not incorrectly
+        // block the transaction. The function checkGranularSandbox MUST be called after the
+        // transaction-level permission check. This test case is to avoid future refactor mistakes,
+        // modifying the order will fail here.
+        env(txJson, delegate::As(bob));
     }
 
     void
@@ -2193,6 +2503,94 @@ class Delegate_test : public beast::unit_test::Suite
                 "\n  Action: Verify security requirements to interact with Delegation feature");
     }
 
+    void
+    testNonDelegableTxWithDelegate(FeatureBitset features)
+    {
+        testcase("non-delegable tx with sfDelegate is rejected at preflight");
+        using namespace jtx;
+
+        Env env(*this, features);
+        Account const alice{"alice"};
+        Account const bob{"bob"};
+        env.fund(XRP(10000), alice, bob);
+        env.close();
+
+        // Transactions that are notDelegable and have no granular permissions
+        // will be rejected with temINVALID at preflight.
+        // Note: pseudo-transactions (EnableAmendment, SetFee and UNLModify) are also
+        // notDelegable but are excluded here — passesLocalChecks() blocks them
+        // before preflight1 is ever reached.
+        {
+            // SetRegularKey, SignerListSet, AccountDelete, DelegateSet.
+            env(regkey(alice, bob), delegate::As(bob), Ter(temINVALID));
+            env(signers(alice, 1, {{bob, 1}}), delegate::As(bob), Ter(temINVALID));
+            env(acctdelete(alice, bob), delegate::As(bob), Ter(temINVALID));
+            env(delegate::set(alice, bob, {"Payment"}), delegate::As(bob), Ter(temINVALID));
+
+            // SAV transactions.
+            {
+                Vault const vault{env};
+                auto [createTx, keylet] = vault.create({.owner = alice, .asset = xrpIssue()});
+                env(createTx, delegate::As(bob), Ter(temINVALID));
+
+                env(vault.set({.owner = alice, .id = keylet.key}),
+                    delegate::As(bob),
+                    Ter(temINVALID));
+                env(vault.del({.owner = alice, .id = keylet.key}),
+                    delegate::As(bob),
+                    Ter(temINVALID));
+                env(vault.deposit({.depositor = alice, .id = keylet.key, .amount = XRP(1)}),
+                    delegate::As(bob),
+                    Ter(temINVALID));
+                env(vault.withdraw({.depositor = alice, .id = keylet.key, .amount = XRP(1)}),
+                    delegate::As(bob),
+                    Ter(temINVALID));
+                env(vault.clawback({.issuer = alice, .id = keylet.key, .holder = bob}),
+                    delegate::As(bob),
+                    Ter(temINVALID));
+            }
+
+            // Batch transaction: the outer Batch itself is non-delegable.
+            {
+                auto const seq = env.seq(alice);
+                auto const batchFee = batch::calcBatchFee(env, 0, 1);
+                env(batch::outer(alice, seq, batchFee, tfAllOrNothing),
+                    batch::Inner(pay(alice, bob, XRP(1)), seq + 1),
+                    delegate::As(bob),
+                    Ter(temINVALID));
+            }
+
+            // Lending protocol transactions
+            {
+                Vault const vault{env};
+                auto [createTx, keylet] = vault.create({.owner = alice, .asset = xrpIssue()});
+                env(createTx);
+
+                env(loanBroker::set(alice, keylet.key), delegate::As(bob), Ter(temINVALID));
+                env(loanBroker::del(alice, keylet.key), delegate::As(bob), Ter(temINVALID));
+                env(loanBroker::coverDeposit(alice, keylet.key, XRP(1)),
+                    delegate::As(bob),
+                    Ter(temINVALID));
+                env(loanBroker::coverWithdraw(alice, keylet.key, XRP(1)),
+                    delegate::As(bob),
+                    Ter(temINVALID));
+                env(loanBroker::coverClawback(alice), delegate::As(bob), Ter(temINVALID));
+
+                env(loan::set(alice, keylet.key, Number(100)), delegate::As(bob), Ter(temINVALID));
+                env(loan::manage(alice, keylet.key, 0), delegate::As(bob), Ter(temINVALID));
+                env(loan::del(alice, keylet.key), delegate::As(bob), Ter(temINVALID));
+                env(loan::pay(alice, keylet.key, XRP(1)), delegate::As(bob), Ter(temINVALID));
+            }
+        }
+
+        // AccountSet is notDelegable at tx level but has granular permissions,
+        // so sfDelegate passes preflight and is rejected at invokeCheckPermission with
+        // terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION.
+        {
+            env(fset(alice, asfDefaultRipple), delegate::As(bob), Ter(terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION));
+        }
+    }
+
     void
     testDelegateUtilsNullptrCheck()
     {
@@ -2202,9 +2600,8 @@ class Delegate_test : public beast::unit_test::Suite
         STTx const tx{ttPAYMENT, [](STObject&) {}};
         BEAST_EXPECT(checkTxPermission(nullptr, tx) == terNO_DELEGATE_PERMISSION);
 
-        // loadGranularPermission nullptr check
+        // getGranularPermission nullptr check
-        std::unordered_set<GranularPermissionType> granularPermissions;
+        auto const granularPermissions = getGranularPermission(nullptr, ttPAYMENT);
-        loadGranularPermission(nullptr, ttPAYMENT, granularPermissions);
         BEAST_EXPECT(granularPermissions.empty());
     }
 
@@ -2234,7 +2631,9 @@ class Delegate_test : public beast::unit_test::Suite
         testSignForDelegated();
         testPermissionValue(all);
         testTxRequireFeatures(all);
+        testGranularSandboxCheckOrder();
         testTxDelegableCount();
+        testNonDelegableTxWithDelegate(all);
         testDelegateUtilsNullptrCheck();
     }
 };