code coverage fixes

Signed-off-by: Pratik Mankawde <3397372+pratikmankawde@users.noreply.github.com>

.clang-format

@@ -50,20 +50,21 @@ ForEachMacros: [Q_FOREACH, BOOST_FOREACH]
 IncludeBlocks: Regroup
 IncludeCategories:
   - Regex: "^<(test)/"
-    Priority: 0
-  - Regex: "^<(xrpld)/"
     Priority: 1
-  - Regex: "^<(xrpl)/"
+  - Regex: "^<(xrpld)/"
     Priority: 2
-  - Regex: "^<(boost)/"
+  - Regex: "^<(xrpl)/"
     Priority: 3
-  - Regex: "^.*/"
+  - Regex: "^<(boost)/"
     Priority: 4
-  - Regex: '^.*\.h'
+  - Regex: "^.*/"
     Priority: 5
-  - Regex: ".*"
+  - Regex: '^.*\.h'
     Priority: 6
+  - Regex: ".*"
+    Priority: 7
 IncludeIsMainRegex: "$"
+MainIncludeChar: AngleBracket
 IndentCaseLabels: true
 IndentFunctionDeclarationAfterType: false
 IndentRequiresClause: true

.clang-tidy

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ Checks: "-*,
   bugprone-assert-side-effect,
   bugprone-bad-signal-to-kill-thread,
   bugprone-bool-pointer-implicit-conversion,
+  bugprone-capturing-this-in-member-variable,
   bugprone-casting-through-void,
   bugprone-chained-comparison,
   bugprone-compare-pointer-to-member-virtual-function,
@@ -23,6 +24,7 @@ Checks: "-*,
   bugprone-lambda-function-name,
   bugprone-macro-parentheses,
   bugprone-macro-repeated-side-effects,
+  bugprone-misleading-setter-of-reference,
   bugprone-misplaced-operator-in-strlen-in-alloc,
   bugprone-misplaced-pointer-arithmetic-in-alloc,
   bugprone-misplaced-widening-cast,
@@ -64,17 +66,17 @@ Checks: "-*,
   bugprone-terminating-continue,
   bugprone-throw-keyword-missing,
   bugprone-too-small-loop-variable,
-  # bugprone-unchecked-optional-access, # see https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/6502
+  bugprone-unchecked-optional-access,
   bugprone-undefined-memory-manipulation,
   bugprone-undelegated-constructor,
   bugprone-unhandled-exception-at-new,
   bugprone-unhandled-self-assignment,
   bugprone-unique-ptr-array-mismatch,
   bugprone-unsafe-functions,
-  bugprone-use-after-move,
+  bugprone-unused-local-non-trivial-variable,
   bugprone-unused-raii,
   bugprone-unused-return-value,
-  bugprone-unused-local-non-trivial-variable,
+  bugprone-use-after-move,
   bugprone-virtual-near-miss,
   cppcoreguidelines-init-variables,
   cppcoreguidelines-misleading-capture-default-by-value,
@@ -83,21 +85,46 @@ Checks: "-*,
   cppcoreguidelines-pro-type-static-cast-downcast,
   cppcoreguidelines-rvalue-reference-param-not-moved,
   cppcoreguidelines-use-default-member-init,
+  cppcoreguidelines-use-enum-class,
   cppcoreguidelines-virtual-class-destructor,
   hicpp-ignored-remove-result,
+  llvm-namespace-comment,
+  misc-const-correctness,
   misc-definitions-in-headers,
   misc-header-include-cycle,
+  misc-include-cleaner,
   misc-misplaced-const,
+  misc-redundant-expression,
   misc-static-assert,
   misc-throw-by-value-catch-by-reference,
   misc-unused-alias-decls,
   misc-unused-using-decls,
+  modernize-concat-nested-namespaces,
   modernize-deprecated-headers,
   modernize-make-shared,
   modernize-make-unique,
+  modernize-pass-by-value,
+  modernize-type-traits,
+  modernize-use-designated-initializers,
+  modernize-use-emplace,
+  modernize-use-equals-default,
+  modernize-use-equals-delete,
+  modernize-use-nodiscard,
+  modernize-use-override,
+  modernize-use-ranges,
+  modernize-use-scoped-lock,
+  modernize-use-starts-ends-with,
+  modernize-use-std-numbers,
+  modernize-use-using,
+  performance-faster-string-find,
+  performance-for-range-copy,
   performance-implicit-conversion-in-loop,
+  performance-inefficient-vector-operation,
+  performance-move-const-arg,
   performance-move-constructor-init,
+  performance-no-automatic-move,
   performance-trivially-destructible,
+  readability-ambiguous-smartptr-reset-call,
   readability-avoid-nested-conditional-operator,
   readability-avoid-return-with-void-value,
   readability-braces-around-statements,
@@ -108,6 +135,7 @@ Checks: "-*,
   readability-duplicate-include,
   readability-else-after-return,
   readability-enum-initial-value,
+  readability-identifier-naming,
   readability-implicit-bool-conversion,
   readability-make-member-function-const,
   readability-math-missing-parentheses,
@@ -125,75 +153,52 @@ Checks: "-*,
   readability-use-std-min-max
   "
 # ---
-# checks that have some issues that need to be resolved:
-#
-# llvm-namespace-comment,
-# misc-const-correctness,
-# misc-include-cleaner,
-# misc-redundant-expression,
-#
 # readability-inconsistent-declaration-parameter-name, # in this codebase this check will break a lot of arg names
 # readability-static-accessed-through-instance,        # this check is probably unnecessary. it makes the code less readable
-# readability-identifier-naming,
-#
-# modernize-concat-nested-namespaces,
-# modernize-pass-by-value,
-# modernize-type-traits,
-# modernize-use-designated-initializers,
-# modernize-use-emplace,
-# modernize-use-equals-default,
-# modernize-use-equals-delete,
-# modernize-use-override,
-# modernize-use-ranges,
-# modernize-use-starts-ends-with,
-# modernize-use-std-numbers,
-# modernize-use-using,
-#
-# performance-faster-string-find,
-# performance-for-range-copy,
-# performance-inefficient-vector-operation,
-# performance-move-const-arg,
-# performance-no-automatic-move,
 # ---
-#
+
 CheckOptions:
-  readability-braces-around-statements.ShortStatementLines: 2
-  #   readability-identifier-naming.MacroDefinitionCase: UPPER_CASE
-  #   readability-identifier-naming.ClassCase: CamelCase
-  #   readability-identifier-naming.StructCase: CamelCase
-  #   readability-identifier-naming.UnionCase: CamelCase
-  #   readability-identifier-naming.EnumCase: CamelCase
-  #   readability-identifier-naming.EnumConstantCase: CamelCase
-  #   readability-identifier-naming.ScopedEnumConstantCase: CamelCase
-  #   readability-identifier-naming.GlobalConstantCase: UPPER_CASE
-  #   readability-identifier-naming.GlobalConstantPrefix: "k"
-  #   readability-identifier-naming.GlobalVariableCase: CamelCase
-  #   readability-identifier-naming.GlobalVariablePrefix: "g"
-  #   readability-identifier-naming.ConstexprFunctionCase: camelBack
-  #   readability-identifier-naming.ConstexprMethodCase: camelBack
-  #   readability-identifier-naming.ClassMethodCase: camelBack
-  #   readability-identifier-naming.ClassMemberCase: camelBack
-  #   readability-identifier-naming.ClassConstantCase: UPPER_CASE
-  #   readability-identifier-naming.ClassConstantPrefix: "k"
-  #   readability-identifier-naming.StaticConstantCase: UPPER_CASE
-  #   readability-identifier-naming.StaticConstantPrefix: "k"
-  #   readability-identifier-naming.StaticVariableCase: UPPER_CASE
-  #   readability-identifier-naming.StaticVariablePrefix: "k"
-  #   readability-identifier-naming.ConstexprVariableCase: UPPER_CASE
-  #   readability-identifier-naming.ConstexprVariablePrefix: "k"
-  #   readability-identifier-naming.LocalConstantCase: camelBack
-  #   readability-identifier-naming.LocalVariableCase: camelBack
-  #   readability-identifier-naming.TemplateParameterCase: CamelCase
-  #   readability-identifier-naming.ParameterCase: camelBack
-  #   readability-identifier-naming.FunctionCase: camelBack
-  #   readability-identifier-naming.MemberCase: camelBack
-  #   readability-identifier-naming.PrivateMemberSuffix: _
-  #   readability-identifier-naming.ProtectedMemberSuffix: _
-  #   readability-identifier-naming.PublicMemberSuffix: ""
-  #   readability-identifier-naming.FunctionIgnoredRegexp: ".*tag_invoke.*"
   bugprone-unsafe-functions.ReportMoreUnsafeFunctions: true
   bugprone-unused-return-value.CheckedReturnTypes: ::std::error_code;::std::error_condition;::std::errc
-#   misc-include-cleaner.IgnoreHeaders: '.*/(detail|impl)/.*;.*(expected|unexpected).*;.*ranges_lower_bound\.h;time.h;stdlib.h;__chrono/.*;fmt/chrono.h;boost/uuid/uuid_hash.hpp'
-#
-# HeaderFilterRegex: '^.*/(src|tests)/.*\.(h|hpp)$'
+
+  misc-include-cleaner.IgnoreHeaders: ".*/(detail|impl)/.*;.*fwd\\.h(pp)?;time.h;stdlib.h;sqlite3.h;netinet/in\\.h;sys/resource\\.h;sys/sysinfo\\.h;linux/sysinfo\\.h;__chrono/.*;bits/.*;_abort\\.h;boost/uuid/uuid_hash.hpp;boost/beast/core/flat_buffer\\.hpp;boost/beast/http/field\\.hpp;boost/beast/http/dynamic_body\\.hpp;boost/beast/http/message\\.hpp;boost/beast/http/read\\.hpp;boost/beast/http/write\\.hpp;openssl/obj_mac\\.h"
+
+  readability-braces-around-statements.ShortStatementLines: 2
+  readability-identifier-naming.MacroDefinitionCase: UPPER_CASE
+  readability-identifier-naming.ClassCase: CamelCase
+  readability-identifier-naming.StructCase: CamelCase
+  readability-identifier-naming.UnionCase: CamelCase
+  readability-identifier-naming.EnumCase: CamelCase
+  readability-identifier-naming.EnumConstantCase: CamelCase
+  readability-identifier-naming.ScopedEnumConstantCase: CamelCase
+  readability-identifier-naming.GlobalConstantCase: CamelCase
+  readability-identifier-naming.GlobalConstantPrefix: "k"
+  readability-identifier-naming.GlobalVariableCase: CamelCase
+  readability-identifier-naming.GlobalVariablePrefix: "g"
+  readability-identifier-naming.ConstexprFunctionCase: camelBack
+  readability-identifier-naming.ConstexprMethodCase: camelBack
+  readability-identifier-naming.ClassMethodCase: camelBack
+  readability-identifier-naming.ClassMemberCase: camelBack
+  readability-identifier-naming.ClassConstantCase: CamelCase
+  readability-identifier-naming.ClassConstantPrefix: "k"
+  readability-identifier-naming.StaticConstantCase: CamelCase
+  readability-identifier-naming.StaticConstantPrefix: "k"
+  readability-identifier-naming.StaticVariableCase: camelBack
+  readability-identifier-naming.ConstexprVariableCase: camelBack
+  readability-identifier-naming.LocalConstantCase: camelBack
+  readability-identifier-naming.LocalVariableCase: camelBack
+  readability-identifier-naming.TemplateParameterCase: CamelCase
+  readability-identifier-naming.ParameterCase: camelBack
+  readability-identifier-naming.FunctionCase: camelBack
+  readability-identifier-naming.MemberCase: camelBack
+  readability-identifier-naming.PrivateMemberCase: camelBack
+  readability-identifier-naming.PrivateMemberSuffix: _
+  readability-identifier-naming.ProtectedMemberCase: camelBack
+  readability-identifier-naming.ProtectedMemberSuffix: _
+  readability-identifier-naming.PublicMemberCase: camelBack
+  readability-identifier-naming.PublicMemberSuffix: ""
+  readability-identifier-naming.GlobalFunctionIgnoredRegexp: "^(to_string|hash_append|tuple_hash)$"
+
+HeaderFilterRegex: '^.*/(tests?|xrpl|xrpld)/.*\.(h|hpp|ipp)$'
+ExcludeHeaderFilterRegex: '^.*/protocol_autogen/.*\.(h|hpp)$'
 WarningsAsErrors: "*"

.git-blame-ignore-revs

@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@
 # This file is sorted in reverse chronological order, with the most recent commits at the top.
 # The commits listed here are ignored by git blame, which is useful for formatting-only commits that would otherwise obscure the history of changes to a file.
 
+# refactor: Enable clang-tidy `readability-identifier-naming` check (#6571)
+8995564ed6b9e453e144bb663303072a3c1ba305
 # refactor: Enable remaining clang-tidy `cppcoreguidelines` checks (#6538)
 72f4cb097f626b08b02fc3efcb4aa11cb2e7adb8
 # refactor: Rename system name from 'ripple' to 'xrpld' (#6347)

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/feature_request.md

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 name: Feature Request
-about: Suggest a new feature for the rippled project
-title: "[Title with short description] (Version: [rippled version])"
+about: Suggest a new feature for the xrpld project
+title: "[Title with short description] (Version: [xrpld version])"
 labels: Feature Request
 assignees: ""
 ---

.github/actions/build-deps/action.yml

@@ -37,12 +37,12 @@ runs:
       run: |
         echo 'Installing dependencies.'
         conan install \
-          --profile ci \
-          --build="${BUILD_OPTION}" \
-          --options:host='&:tests=True' \
-          --options:host='&:xrpld=True' \
-          --settings:all build_type="${BUILD_TYPE}" \
-          --conf:all tools.build:jobs=${BUILD_NPROC} \
-          --conf:all tools.build:verbosity="${LOG_VERBOSITY}" \
-          --conf:all tools.compilation:verbosity="${LOG_VERBOSITY}" \
-          .
+            --profile ci \
+            --build="${BUILD_OPTION}" \
+            --options:host='&:tests=True' \
+            --options:host='&:xrpld=True' \
+            --settings:all build_type="${BUILD_TYPE}" \
+            --conf:all tools.build:jobs=${BUILD_NPROC} \
+            --conf:all tools.build:verbosity="${LOG_VERBOSITY}" \
+            --conf:all tools.compilation:verbosity="${LOG_VERBOSITY}" \
+            .

.github/actions/generate-version/action.yml

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ runs:
       shell: bash
       env:
         VERSION: ${{ github.ref_name }}
-      run: echo "VERSION=${VERSION}" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
+      run: echo "VERSION=${VERSION}" >>"${GITHUB_ENV}"
 
     # When a tag is not pushed, then the version (e.g. 1.2.3-b0) is extracted
     # from the BuildInfo.cpp file and the shortened commit hash appended to it.
@@ -28,17 +28,17 @@ runs:
         echo 'Extracting version from BuildInfo.cpp.'
         VERSION="$(cat src/libxrpl/protocol/BuildInfo.cpp | grep "versionString =" | awk -F '"' '{print $2}')"
         if [[ -z "${VERSION}" ]]; then
-          echo 'Unable to extract version from BuildInfo.cpp.'
-          exit 1
+            echo 'Unable to extract version from BuildInfo.cpp.'
+            exit 1
         fi
 
         echo 'Appending shortened commit hash to version.'
         SHA='${{ github.sha }}'
         VERSION="${VERSION}+${SHA:0:7}"
 
-        echo "VERSION=${VERSION}" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
+        echo "VERSION=${VERSION}" >>"${GITHUB_ENV}"
 
     - name: Output version
       id: version
       shell: bash
-      run: echo "version=${VERSION}" >> "${GITHUB_OUTPUT}"
+      run: echo "version=${VERSION}" >>"${GITHUB_OUTPUT}"

.github/actions/print-env/action.yml

@@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
-name: Print build environment
-description: "Print environment and some tooling versions"
-
-runs:
-  using: composite
-  steps:
-    - name: Check configuration (Windows)
-      if: ${{ runner.os == 'Windows' }}
-      shell: bash
-      run: |
-        echo 'Checking environment variables.'
-        set
-
-    - name: Check configuration (Linux and macOS)
-      if: ${{ runner.os == 'Linux' || runner.os == 'macOS' }}
-      shell: bash
-      run: |
-        echo 'Checking path.'
-        echo ${PATH} | tr ':' '\n'
-
-        echo 'Checking environment variables.'
-        env | sort
-
-        echo 'Checking compiler version.'
-        ${{ runner.os == 'Linux' && '${CC}' || 'clang' }} --version
-
-        echo 'Checking Ninja version.'
-        ninja --version
-
-        echo 'Checking nproc version.'
-        nproc --version
-
-    - name: Check configuration (all)
-      shell: bash
-      run: |
-        echo 'Checking Ccache version.'
-        ccache --version
-
-        echo 'Checking CMake version.'
-        cmake --version
-
-        echo 'Checking Conan version.'
-        conan --version

.github/dependabot.yml

@@ -33,17 +33,6 @@ updates:
       prefix: "ci: [DEPENDABOT] "
     target-branch: develop
 
-  - package-ecosystem: github-actions
-    directory: .github/actions/print-env/
-    schedule:
-      interval: weekly
-      day: monday
-      time: "04:00"
-      timezone: Etc/GMT
-    commit-message:
-      prefix: "ci: [DEPENDABOT] "
-    target-branch: develop
-
   - package-ecosystem: github-actions
     directory: .github/actions/setup-conan/
     schedule:

.github/scripts/check-pr-description.py

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+
+"""
+Checks that a pull request description has been customized from the
+pull_request_template.md. Exits with code 1 if the description is empty
+or identical to the template (ignoring HTML comments and whitespace).
+
+Usage:
+    python check-pr-description.py --template-file TEMPLATE --pr-body-file BODY
+"""
+
+import argparse
+import re
+import sys
+from pathlib import Path
+
+
+def normalize(text: str) -> str:
+    """Strip HTML comments, trim lines, and remove blank lines."""
+    # Remove HTML comments (possibly multi-line)
+    text = re.sub(r"<!--.*?-->", "", text, flags=re.DOTALL)
+    # Strip each line and drop empties
+    lines = [line.strip() for line in text.splitlines()]
+    lines = [line for line in lines if line]
+    return "\n".join(lines)
+
+
+def main() -> int:
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+        description="Check that a PR description differs from the template."
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--template-file",
+        type=Path,
+        required=True,
+        help="Path to the pull request template file.",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--pr-body-file",
+        type=Path,
+        required=True,
+        help="Path to a file containing the PR body text.",
+    )
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+
+    template_path: Path = args.template_file
+    pr_body_path: Path = args.pr_body_file
+
+    if not template_path.is_file():
+        print(f"::error::Template file {template_path} not found")
+        return 1
+
+    if not pr_body_path.is_file():
+        print(f"::error::PR body file {pr_body_path} not found")
+        return 1
+
+    template = template_path.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
+    pr_body = pr_body_path.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
+
+    # Check if the PR body is empty or whitespace-only
+    if not pr_body.strip():
+        print(
+            "::error::PR description is empty. "
+            "Please fill in the pull request template."
+        )
+        return 1
+
+    norm_template = normalize(template)
+    norm_pr_body = normalize(pr_body)
+
+    if norm_pr_body == norm_template:
+        print(
+            "::error::PR description (ignoring HTML comments) is identical"
+            " to the template. Please fill in the details of your change."
+            f"\n\nVisible template content:\n---\n{norm_template}\n---"
+            f"\n\nVisible PR description content:\n---\n{norm_pr_body}\n---"
+        )
+        return 1
+
+    print("PR description has been customized from the template.")
+    return 0
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    sys.exit(main())

.github/scripts/format-inline-bash.py

@@ -0,0 +1,403 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+
+"""
+Format embedded shell snippets using the shfmt hook configured in
+.pre-commit-config.yaml.
+
+Two shapes are recognised:
+
+* YAML workflow/action files: literal block-scalar runs (`run: |`) and
+  single-line runs (`run: some command`). A single-line run is upgraded to
+  a `run: |` block scalar if shfmt's output spans multiple lines.
+
+* Markdown files: ``` ```bash ``` fenced code blocks.
+
+Any block that shfmt cannot parse is skipped with a warning on stderr, so
+the file is left untouched and surrounding blocks still get formatted.
+
+For each occurrence the body is dedented, written to a temp .sh file,
+formatted via `pre-commit run shfmt --files <temp>` (falling back to
+`prek`), then re-indented and written back in place.
+
+When invoked without arguments, every .yml/.yaml under .github/ plus every
+.md file in the repo is scanned. When invoked with file arguments (the
+pre-commit case), only those files are processed.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import re
+import shutil
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import tempfile
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Union
+
+REPO = Path(__file__).resolve().parents[2]
+
+_HOOK_RUNNER = next((cmd for cmd in ("pre-commit", "prek") if shutil.which(cmd)), None)
+if _HOOK_RUNNER is None:
+    sys.exit("error: neither `pre-commit` nor `prek` found on PATH")
+
+RUN_BLOCK_RE = re.compile(r"^(?P<prefix>[ \t]*(?:- )?)run:[ \t]*\|[+-]?[ \t]*$")
+RUN_INLINE_RE = re.compile(
+    r"^(?P<prefix>[ \t]*(?:- )?)run:[ \t]+" r"(?P<value>(?!\|[+-]?[ \t]*$)\S.*?)[ \t]*$"
+)
+MD_BASH_OPEN_RE = re.compile(r"^(?P<indent>[ ]{0,3})`{3}bash[ \t]*$")
+MD_FENCE_CLOSE_RE = re.compile(r"^[ ]{0,3}`{3,}[ \t]*$")
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class BlockRun:
+    """A `run: |` block scalar; `body_start:body_end` slices into `lines`."""
+
+    body_start: int
+    body_end: int
+    body_indent: int
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class InlineRun:
+    """A single-line `run: value` at `line_idx`."""
+
+    line_idx: int
+    prefix: str
+    value: str
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class MdBashBlock:
+    """A markdown ``` ```bash ``` fenced code block.
+
+    `body_start:body_end` slices into the file's lines; `open_line_idx`
+    points at the opening fence line.
+    """
+
+    open_line_idx: int
+    body_start: int
+    body_end: int
+    body_indent: int
+
+
+RunItem = Union[BlockRun, InlineRun]
+
+
+def _scan_block_body(
+    lines: list[str], body_start: int, run_col: int
+) -> tuple[int | None, int]:
+    """Locate the body of a `run: |` block scalar starting at `body_start`.
+
+    Returns `(body_indent, scan_end)`. `scan_end` is the line index where the
+    outer scanner should resume. `body_indent` is `None` when no body is
+    present (the scalar is empty, or the next non-blank line has indent
+    `<= run_col`).
+    """
+    body_indent: int | None = None
+    scan_end = len(lines)
+    for idx in range(body_start, len(lines)):
+        line = lines[idx]
+        if line.strip() == "":
+            continue
+        indent = len(line) - len(line.lstrip(" "))
+        if body_indent is None:
+            if indent > run_col:
+                body_indent = indent
+            else:
+                scan_end = idx
+                break
+        elif indent < body_indent:
+            scan_end = idx
+            break
+    if body_indent is not None:
+        while scan_end > body_start and lines[scan_end - 1].strip() == "":
+            scan_end -= 1
+        if scan_end <= body_start:
+            body_indent = None
+    return body_indent, scan_end
+
+
+def find_run_blocks(lines: list[str]) -> list[RunItem]:
+    """Return run items in document order."""
+    items: list[RunItem] = []
+    line_idx = 0
+    while line_idx < len(lines):
+        line = lines[line_idx]
+        if block_match := RUN_BLOCK_RE.match(line):
+            run_col = len(block_match.group("prefix"))
+            body_start = line_idx + 1
+            body_indent, scan_end = _scan_block_body(lines, body_start, run_col)
+            if body_indent is not None:
+                items.append(
+                    BlockRun(
+                        body_start=body_start,
+                        body_end=scan_end,
+                        body_indent=body_indent,
+                    )
+                )
+            line_idx = scan_end
+            continue
+        if inline_match := RUN_INLINE_RE.match(line):
+            items.append(
+                InlineRun(
+                    line_idx=line_idx,
+                    prefix=inline_match.group("prefix"),
+                    value=inline_match.group("value"),
+                )
+            )
+        line_idx += 1
+    return items
+
+
+def find_md_bash_blocks(lines: list[str]) -> list[MdBashBlock]:
+    """Return ``` ```bash ``` fenced code blocks in document order."""
+    blocks: list[MdBashBlock] = []
+    line_idx = 0
+    while line_idx < len(lines):
+        open_match = MD_BASH_OPEN_RE.match(lines[line_idx])
+        if not open_match:
+            line_idx += 1
+            continue
+        body_start = line_idx + 1
+        close_idx = next(
+            (
+                j
+                for j in range(body_start, len(lines))
+                if MD_FENCE_CLOSE_RE.match(lines[j])
+            ),
+            None,
+        )
+        if close_idx is None:
+            line_idx = body_start
+            continue
+        body = lines[body_start:close_idx]
+        non_blank = [b for b in body if b.strip()]
+        body_indent = (
+            min(len(b) - len(b.lstrip(" ")) for b in non_blank)
+            if non_blank
+            else len(open_match.group("indent"))
+        )
+        blocks.append(
+            MdBashBlock(
+                open_line_idx=line_idx,
+                body_start=body_start,
+                body_end=close_idx,
+                body_indent=body_indent,
+            )
+        )
+        line_idx = close_idx + 1
+    return blocks
+
+
+def dedent(lines: list[str], n: int) -> list[str]:
+    pad = " " * n
+    return [
+        (
+            ""
+            if line.strip() == ""
+            else (line[n:] if line.startswith(pad) else line.lstrip(" "))
+        )
+        for line in lines
+    ]
+
+
+def reindent(lines: list[str], n: int) -> list[str]:
+    pad = " " * n
+    return [pad + line if line else "" for line in lines]
+
+
+_SHFMT_ERR_RE = re.compile(r"\.sh:\d+:\d+:\s")
+_GHA_EXPR_RE = re.compile(r"\$\{\{.*?\}\}", re.DOTALL)
+_GHA_PLACEHOLDER_RE = re.compile(r"__GHA_EXPR_(\d+)__")
+
+
+def _encode_gha_exprs(text: str) -> tuple[str, list[str]]:
+    """Replace `${{ ... }}` expressions with bash-safe placeholder identifiers."""
+    exprs: list[str] = []
+
+    def repl(match: re.Match[str]) -> str:
+        exprs.append(match.group(0))
+        return f"__GHA_EXPR_{len(exprs) - 1}__"
+
+    return _GHA_EXPR_RE.sub(repl, text), exprs
+
+
+def _decode_gha_exprs(text: str, exprs: list[str]) -> str:
+    """Restore `${{ ... }}` expressions from placeholder identifiers."""
+    return _GHA_PLACEHOLDER_RE.sub(lambda m: exprs[int(m.group(1))], text)
+
+
+def shfmt_via_hook(tmp_path: Path) -> tuple[bool, str]:
+    # `${{ ... }}` is not valid shell, so swap it for a placeholder identifier
+    # that shfmt can parse, then restore it after formatting.
+    encoded, exprs = _encode_gha_exprs(tmp_path.read_text())
+    if exprs:
+        tmp_path.write_text(encoded)
+    res = subprocess.run(
+        [_HOOK_RUNNER, "run", "shfmt", "--files", str(tmp_path)],
+        cwd=REPO,
+        capture_output=True,
+        text=True,
+    )
+    output = res.stdout + res.stderr
+    # shfmt emits parse errors as "<path>:<line>:<col>: <message>".
+    parse_err = bool(_SHFMT_ERR_RE.search(output))
+    # A non-zero exit that is neither a parse error nor pre-commit's "I had
+    # to modify files" signal means the hook itself failed to run (missing
+    # binary, install failure, bad config, ...). Surface that loudly rather
+    # than silently treating it as a no-op.
+    if (
+        res.returncode != 0
+        and not parse_err
+        and "files were modified by this hook" not in output
+    ):
+        sys.exit(
+            f"error: `{_HOOK_RUNNER} run shfmt` failed with exit {res.returncode}:\n{output}"
+        )
+    if exprs and not parse_err:
+        tmp_path.write_text(_decode_gha_exprs(tmp_path.read_text(), exprs))
+    return not parse_err, output
+
+
+def _skip(path: Path, where: int, kind: str, output: str) -> None:
+    print(
+        f"  shfmt could not parse {kind} at {path}:{where + 1} — skipped",
+        file=sys.stderr,
+    )
+    print(f"    {output.strip()}", file=sys.stderr)
+
+
+def process_yaml_file(path: Path, tmp_path: Path) -> int:
+    text = path.read_text()
+    had_nl = text.endswith("\n")
+    lines = text.split("\n")
+    if had_nl:
+        lines = lines[:-1]
+    items = find_run_blocks(lines)
+    if not items:
+        return 0
+    changed = 0
+    # Process in reverse so earlier indices remain valid as we splice.
+    for item in reversed(items):
+        if isinstance(item, BlockRun):
+            body = lines[item.body_start : item.body_end]
+            tmp_path.write_text("\n".join(dedent(body, item.body_indent)) + "\n")
+            ok, output = shfmt_via_hook(tmp_path)
+            if not ok:
+                _skip(path, item.body_start, "block", output)
+                continue
+            formatted = tmp_path.read_text().rstrip("\n")
+            new_body = reindent(formatted.split("\n"), item.body_indent)
+            if new_body != body:
+                lines[item.body_start : item.body_end] = new_body
+                changed += 1
+        else:
+            tmp_path.write_text(item.value + "\n")
+            ok, output = shfmt_via_hook(tmp_path)
+            if not ok:
+                _skip(path, item.line_idx, "inline run", output)
+                continue
+            formatted = tmp_path.read_text().rstrip("\n")
+            if formatted == item.value:
+                continue
+            formatted_lines = formatted.split("\n")
+            if len(formatted_lines) == 1:
+                lines[item.line_idx] = f"{item.prefix}run: {formatted}"
+            else:
+                body_indent = len(item.prefix) + 2
+                lines[item.line_idx : item.line_idx + 1] = [
+                    f"{item.prefix}run: |",
+                    *reindent(formatted_lines, body_indent),
+                ]
+            changed += 1
+    new_text = "\n".join(lines) + ("\n" if had_nl else "")
+    if new_text != text:
+        path.write_text(new_text)
+    return changed
+
+
+def process_md_file(path: Path, tmp_path: Path) -> int:
+    text = path.read_text()
+    had_nl = text.endswith("\n")
+    lines = text.split("\n")
+    if had_nl:
+        lines = lines[:-1]
+    blocks = find_md_bash_blocks(lines)
+    if not blocks:
+        return 0
+    changed = 0
+    for block in reversed(blocks):
+        body = lines[block.body_start : block.body_end]
+        tmp_path.write_text("\n".join(dedent(body, block.body_indent)) + "\n")
+        ok, output = shfmt_via_hook(tmp_path)
+        if not ok:
+            _skip(path, block.open_line_idx, "```bash block", output)
+            continue
+        formatted = tmp_path.read_text().rstrip("\n")
+        formatted_lines = formatted.split("\n") if formatted else []
+        new_body = reindent(formatted_lines, block.body_indent)
+        if new_body != body:
+            lines[block.body_start : block.body_end] = new_body
+            changed += 1
+    new_text = "\n".join(lines) + ("\n" if had_nl else "")
+    if new_text != text:
+        path.write_text(new_text)
+    return changed
+
+
+def process_file(path: Path, tmp_path: Path) -> int:
+    if path.suffix in (".yml", ".yaml"):
+        return process_yaml_file(path, tmp_path)
+    if path.suffix == ".md":
+        return process_md_file(path, tmp_path)
+    return 0
+
+
+def gather_files(argv: list[str]) -> list[Path]:
+    """Return YAML workflow/action files and markdown files that we should
+    process — either the paths in `argv` or, when `argv` is empty, every
+    such file in the repo (skipping `external/`)."""
+    if argv:
+        candidates: list[Path] = [
+            (REPO / a).resolve() if not Path(a).is_absolute() else Path(a) for a in argv
+        ]
+    else:
+        gh = REPO / ".github"
+        candidates = [
+            *gh.rglob("*.yml"),
+            *gh.rglob("*.yaml"),
+            *(
+                p
+                for p in REPO.rglob("*.md")
+                if "external" not in p.relative_to(REPO).parts
+            ),
+        ]
+    return sorted(
+        p
+        for p in candidates
+        if p.exists()
+        and (
+            (p.suffix in (".yml", ".yaml") and ".github" in p.parts)
+            or p.suffix == ".md"
+        )
+    )
+
+
+def main(argv: list[str]) -> int:
+    files = gather_files(argv)
+    if not files:
+        return 0
+    with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory(prefix="format-inline-bash-") as tmpdir:
+        tmp_path = Path(tmpdir) / "shfmt.sh"
+        total = 0
+        for f in files:
+            n = process_file(f, tmp_path)
+            if n:
+                print(f"{f.relative_to(REPO)}: reformatted {n} block(s)")
+                total += n
+        return 1 if total else 0
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    sys.exit(main(sys.argv[1:]))

.github/scripts/levelization/README.md

@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 # Levelization
 
-Levelization is the term used to describe efforts to prevent rippled from
+Levelization is the term used to describe efforts to prevent xrpld from
 having or creating cyclic dependencies.
 
-rippled code is organized into directories under `src/xrpld`, `src/libxrpl` (and
+xrpld code is organized into directories under `src/xrpld`, `src/libxrpl` (and
 `src/test`) representing modules. The modules are intended to be
 organized into "tiers" or "levels" such that a module from one level can
 only include code from lower levels. Additionally, a module
 in one level should never include code in an `impl` or `detail` folder of any level
-other than it's own.
+other than its own.
 
 The codebase is split into two main areas:
 
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ levelization violations they find (by moving files or individual
 classes). At the very least, don't make things worse.
 
 The table below summarizes the _desired_ division of modules, based on the current
-state of the rippled code. The levels are numbered from
+state of the xrpld code. The levels are numbered from
 the bottom up with the lower level, lower numbered, more independent
 modules listed first, and the higher level, higher numbered modules with
 more dependencies listed later.
@@ -72,10 +72,10 @@ that `test` code should _never_ be included in `xrpl` or `xrpld` code.)
 
 The [levelization](generate.py) script takes no parameters,
 reads no environment variables, and can be run from any directory,
-as long as it is in the expected location in the rippled repo.
+as long as it is in the expected location in the xrpld repo.
 It can be run at any time from within a checked out repo, and will
 do an analysis of all the `#include`s in
-the rippled source. The only caveat is that it runs much slower
+the xrpld source. The only caveat is that it runs much slower
 under Windows than in Linux. It hasn't yet been tested under MacOS.
 It generates many files of [results](results):
 

.github/scripts/levelization/results/loops.txt

@@ -2,19 +2,22 @@ Loop: test.jtx test.toplevel
   test.toplevel > test.jtx
 
 Loop: test.jtx test.unit_test
-  test.unit_test == test.jtx
+  test.unit_test ~= test.jtx
+
+Loop: xrpl.telemetry xrpld.rpc
+  xrpld.rpc ~= xrpl.telemetry
 
 Loop: xrpld.app xrpld.overlay
-  xrpld.overlay ~= xrpld.app
+  xrpld.app > xrpld.overlay
 
 Loop: xrpld.app xrpld.peerfinder
-  xrpld.peerfinder == xrpld.app
+  xrpld.peerfinder ~= xrpld.app
 
 Loop: xrpld.app xrpld.rpc
   xrpld.rpc > xrpld.app
 
 Loop: xrpld.app xrpld.shamap
-  xrpld.shamap ~= xrpld.app
+  xrpld.shamap > xrpld.app
 
 Loop: xrpld.overlay xrpld.rpc
   xrpld.rpc ~= xrpld.overlay

.github/scripts/levelization/results/ordering.txt

@@ -3,13 +3,17 @@ libxrpl.conditions > xrpl.basics
 libxrpl.conditions > xrpl.conditions
 libxrpl.core > xrpl.basics
 libxrpl.core > xrpl.core
+libxrpl.core > xrpl.json
 libxrpl.crypto > xrpl.basics
 libxrpl.json > xrpl.basics
 libxrpl.json > xrpl.json
 libxrpl.ledger > xrpl.basics
 libxrpl.ledger > xrpl.json
 libxrpl.ledger > xrpl.ledger
+libxrpl.ledger > xrpl.nodestore
 libxrpl.ledger > xrpl.protocol
+libxrpl.ledger > xrpl.server
+libxrpl.ledger > xrpl.shamap
 libxrpl.net > xrpl.basics
 libxrpl.net > xrpl.net
 libxrpl.nodestore > xrpl.basics
@@ -19,20 +23,26 @@ libxrpl.nodestore > xrpl.protocol
 libxrpl.protocol > xrpl.basics
 libxrpl.protocol > xrpl.json
 libxrpl.protocol > xrpl.protocol
-libxrpl.protocol_autogen > xrpl.protocol_autogen
 libxrpl.rdb > xrpl.basics
+libxrpl.rdb > xrpl.core
 libxrpl.rdb > xrpl.rdb
 libxrpl.resource > xrpl.basics
 libxrpl.resource > xrpl.json
+libxrpl.resource > xrpl.protocol
 libxrpl.resource > xrpl.resource
 libxrpl.server > xrpl.basics
+libxrpl.server > xrpl.core
 libxrpl.server > xrpl.json
 libxrpl.server > xrpl.protocol
 libxrpl.server > xrpl.rdb
+libxrpl.server > xrpl.resource
 libxrpl.server > xrpl.server
 libxrpl.shamap > xrpl.basics
+libxrpl.shamap > xrpl.nodestore
 libxrpl.shamap > xrpl.protocol
 libxrpl.shamap > xrpl.shamap
+libxrpl.telemetry > xrpl.basics
+libxrpl.telemetry > xrpl.telemetry
 libxrpl.tx > xrpl.basics
 libxrpl.tx > xrpl.conditions
 libxrpl.tx > xrpl.core
@@ -42,12 +52,11 @@ libxrpl.tx > xrpl.protocol
 libxrpl.tx > xrpl.server
 libxrpl.tx > xrpl.tx
 test.app > test.jtx
-test.app > test.rpc
-test.app > test.toplevel
 test.app > test.unit_test
 test.app > xrpl.basics
 test.app > xrpl.core
 test.app > xrpld.app
+test.app > xrpld.consensus
 test.app > xrpld.core
 test.app > xrpld.overlay
 test.app > xrpld.rpc
@@ -55,9 +64,9 @@ test.app > xrpl.json
 test.app > xrpl.ledger
 test.app > xrpl.nodestore
 test.app > xrpl.protocol
-test.app > xrpl.rdb
 test.app > xrpl.resource
 test.app > xrpl.server
+test.app > xrpl.shamap
 test.app > xrpl.tx
 test.basics > test.jtx
 test.basics > test.unit_test
@@ -70,21 +79,23 @@ test.beast > xrpl.basics
 test.conditions > xrpl.basics
 test.conditions > xrpl.conditions
 test.consensus > test.csf
+test.consensus > test.jtx
 test.consensus > test.toplevel
 test.consensus > test.unit_test
 test.consensus > xrpl.basics
 test.consensus > xrpld.app
 test.consensus > xrpld.consensus
-test.consensus > xrpl.json
 test.consensus > xrpl.ledger
+test.consensus > xrpl.protocol
+test.consensus > xrpl.shamap
 test.consensus > xrpl.tx
 test.core > test.jtx
-test.core > test.toplevel
 test.core > test.unit_test
 test.core > xrpl.basics
 test.core > xrpl.core
 test.core > xrpld.core
 test.core > xrpl.json
+test.core > xrpl.protocol
 test.core > xrpl.rdb
 test.core > xrpl.server
 test.csf > xrpl.basics
@@ -107,27 +118,32 @@ test.jtx > xrpl.resource
 test.jtx > xrpl.server
 test.jtx > xrpl.tx
 test.ledger > test.jtx
-test.ledger > test.toplevel
 test.ledger > xrpl.basics
+test.ledger > xrpl.core
+test.ledger > xrpld.app
 test.ledger > xrpld.core
+test.ledger > xrpl.json
 test.ledger > xrpl.ledger
 test.ledger > xrpl.protocol
 test.nodestore > test.jtx
-test.nodestore > test.toplevel
 test.nodestore > test.unit_test
 test.nodestore > xrpl.basics
+test.nodestore > xrpld.core
 test.nodestore > xrpl.nodestore
+test.nodestore > xrpl.protocol
 test.nodestore > xrpl.rdb
 test.overlay > test.jtx
-test.overlay > test.toplevel
 test.overlay > test.unit_test
 test.overlay > xrpl.basics
 test.overlay > xrpld.app
+test.overlay > xrpld.core
 test.overlay > xrpld.overlay
 test.overlay > xrpld.peerfinder
-test.overlay > xrpl.ledger
+test.overlay > xrpl.json
 test.overlay > xrpl.nodestore
 test.overlay > xrpl.protocol
+test.overlay > xrpl.resource
+test.overlay > xrpl.server
 test.overlay > xrpl.shamap
 test.peerfinder > test.beast
 test.peerfinder > test.unit_test
@@ -135,7 +151,7 @@ test.peerfinder > xrpl.basics
 test.peerfinder > xrpld.core
 test.peerfinder > xrpld.peerfinder
 test.peerfinder > xrpl.protocol
-test.protocol > test.toplevel
+test.protocol > test.jtx
 test.protocol > test.unit_test
 test.protocol > xrpl.basics
 test.protocol > xrpl.json
@@ -144,7 +160,6 @@ test.resource > test.unit_test
 test.resource > xrpl.basics
 test.resource > xrpl.resource
 test.rpc > test.jtx
-test.rpc > test.toplevel
 test.rpc > xrpl.basics
 test.rpc > xrpl.core
 test.rpc > xrpld.app
@@ -158,13 +173,12 @@ test.rpc > xrpl.resource
 test.rpc > xrpl.server
 test.rpc > xrpl.tx
 test.server > test.jtx
-test.server > test.toplevel
 test.server > test.unit_test
 test.server > xrpl.basics
 test.server > xrpld.app
 test.server > xrpld.core
-test.server > xrpld.rpc
 test.server > xrpl.json
+test.server > xrpl.protocol
 test.server > xrpl.server
 test.shamap > test.unit_test
 test.shamap > xrpl.basics
@@ -176,15 +190,21 @@ test.toplevel > xrpl.json
 test.unit_test > xrpl.basics
 test.unit_test > xrpl.protocol
 tests.libxrpl > xrpl.basics
+tests.libxrpl > xrpl.core
 tests.libxrpl > xrpl.json
+tests.libxrpl > xrpl.ledger
 tests.libxrpl > xrpl.net
+tests.libxrpl > xrpl.nodestore
 tests.libxrpl > xrpl.protocol
 tests.libxrpl > xrpl.protocol_autogen
+tests.libxrpl > xrpl.server
+tests.libxrpl > xrpl.shamap
+tests.libxrpl > xrpl.telemetry
+tests.libxrpl > xrpl.tx
 xrpl.conditions > xrpl.basics
 xrpl.conditions > xrpl.protocol
 xrpl.core > xrpl.basics
 xrpl.core > xrpl.json
-xrpl.core > xrpl.ledger
 xrpl.core > xrpl.protocol
 xrpl.json > xrpl.basics
 xrpl.ledger > xrpl.basics
@@ -214,6 +234,7 @@ xrpl.server > xrpl.shamap
 xrpl.shamap > xrpl.basics
 xrpl.shamap > xrpl.nodestore
 xrpl.shamap > xrpl.protocol
+xrpl.telemetry > xrpl.basics
 xrpl.tx > xrpl.basics
 xrpl.tx > xrpl.core
 xrpl.tx > xrpl.ledger
@@ -232,6 +253,7 @@ xrpld.app > xrpl.rdb
 xrpld.app > xrpl.resource
 xrpld.app > xrpl.server
 xrpld.app > xrpl.shamap
+xrpld.app > xrpl.telemetry
 xrpld.app > xrpl.tx
 xrpld.consensus > xrpl.basics
 xrpld.consensus > xrpl.json
@@ -239,19 +261,20 @@ xrpld.consensus > xrpl.ledger
 xrpld.consensus > xrpl.protocol
 xrpld.core > xrpl.basics
 xrpld.core > xrpl.core
-xrpld.core > xrpl.json
 xrpld.core > xrpl.net
 xrpld.core > xrpl.protocol
 xrpld.core > xrpl.rdb
 xrpld.overlay > xrpl.basics
 xrpld.overlay > xrpl.core
+xrpld.overlay > xrpld.consensus
 xrpld.overlay > xrpld.core
 xrpld.overlay > xrpld.peerfinder
 xrpld.overlay > xrpl.json
+xrpld.overlay > xrpl.ledger
 xrpld.overlay > xrpl.protocol
-xrpld.overlay > xrpl.rdb
 xrpld.overlay > xrpl.resource
 xrpld.overlay > xrpl.server
+xrpld.overlay > xrpl.shamap
 xrpld.overlay > xrpl.tx
 xrpld.peerfinder > xrpl.basics
 xrpld.peerfinder > xrpld.core
@@ -261,6 +284,7 @@ xrpld.perflog > xrpl.basics
 xrpld.perflog > xrpl.core
 xrpld.perflog > xrpld.rpc
 xrpld.perflog > xrpl.json
+xrpld.perflog > xrpl.protocol
 xrpld.rpc > xrpl.basics
 xrpld.rpc > xrpl.core
 xrpld.rpc > xrpld.core
@@ -272,5 +296,9 @@ xrpld.rpc > xrpl.protocol
 xrpld.rpc > xrpl.rdb
 xrpld.rpc > xrpl.resource
 xrpld.rpc > xrpl.server
+xrpld.rpc > xrpl.shamap
 xrpld.rpc > xrpl.tx
+xrpld.shamap > xrpl.basics
+xrpld.shamap > xrpld.core
+xrpld.shamap > xrpl.protocol
 xrpld.shamap > xrpl.shamap

.github/scripts/rename/README.md

@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@ run from the repository root.
 6. `.github/scripts/rename/config.sh`: This script will rename the config from
    `rippled.cfg` to `xrpld.cfg`, and updating the code accordingly. The old
    filename will still be accepted.
+7. `.github/scripts/rename/docs.sh`: This script will rename any lingering
+   references of `ripple(d)` to `xrpl(d)` in code, comments, and documentation.
 
 You can run all these scripts from the repository root as follows:
 
@@ -44,4 +46,5 @@ You can run all these scripts from the repository root as follows:
 ./.github/scripts/rename/binary.sh .
 ./.github/scripts/rename/namespace.sh .
 ./.github/scripts/rename/config.sh .
+./.github/scripts/rename/docs.sh .
 ```

.github/scripts/rename/binary.sh

@@ -6,11 +6,11 @@ set -e
 # On MacOS, ensure that GNU sed is installed and available as `gsed`.
 SED_COMMAND=sed
 if [[ "${OSTYPE}" == 'darwin'* ]]; then
-  if ! command -v gsed &> /dev/null; then
-      echo "Error: gsed is not installed. Please install it using 'brew install gnu-sed'."
-      exit 1
-  fi
-  SED_COMMAND=gsed
+    if ! command -v gsed &>/dev/null; then
+        echo "Error: gsed is not installed. Please install it using 'brew install gnu-sed'."
+        exit 1
+    fi
+    SED_COMMAND=gsed
 fi
 
 # This script changes the binary name from `rippled` to `xrpld`, and reverses
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ if [ ! -d "${DIRECTORY}" ]; then
     echo "Error: Directory '${DIRECTORY}' does not exist."
     exit 1
 fi
-pushd ${DIRECTORY}
+pushd "${DIRECTORY}"
 
 # Remove the binary name override added by the cmake.sh script.
 ${SED_COMMAND} -z -i -E 's@\s+# For the time being.+"rippled"\)@@' cmake/XrplCore.cmake
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's@ripple/xrpld@XRPLF/rippled@g' BUILD.md
 ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's@XRPLF/xrpld@XRPLF/rippled@g' BUILD.md
 ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's@xrpld \(`xrpld`\)@xrpld@g' BUILD.md
 ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's@XRPLF/xrpld@XRPLF/rippled@g' CONTRIBUTING.md
+${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's@XRPLF/xrpld@XRPLF/rippled@g' docs/build/install.md
 
 popd
 echo "Processing complete."

.github/scripts/rename/cmake.sh

@@ -8,16 +8,16 @@ set -e
 SED_COMMAND=sed
 HEAD_COMMAND=head
 if [[ "${OSTYPE}" == 'darwin'* ]]; then
-  if ! command -v gsed &> /dev/null; then
-      echo "Error: gsed is not installed. Please install it using 'brew install gnu-sed'."
-      exit 1
-  fi
-  SED_COMMAND=gsed
-  if ! command -v ghead &> /dev/null; then
-      echo "Error: ghead is not installed. Please install it using 'brew install coreutils'."
-      exit 1
-  fi
-  HEAD_COMMAND=ghead
+    if ! command -v gsed &>/dev/null; then
+        echo "Error: gsed is not installed. Please install it using 'brew install gnu-sed'."
+        exit 1
+    fi
+    SED_COMMAND=gsed
+    if ! command -v ghead &>/dev/null; then
+        echo "Error: ghead is not installed. Please install it using 'brew install coreutils'."
+        exit 1
+    fi
+    HEAD_COMMAND=ghead
 fi
 
 # This script renames CMake files from `RippleXXX.cmake` or `RippledXXX.cmake`
@@ -38,16 +38,16 @@ if [ ! -d "${DIRECTORY}" ]; then
     echo "Error: Directory '${DIRECTORY}' does not exist."
     exit 1
 fi
-pushd ${DIRECTORY}
+pushd "${DIRECTORY}"
 
 # Rename the files.
 find cmake -type f -name 'Rippled*.cmake' -exec bash -c 'mv "${1}" "${1/Rippled/Xrpl}"' - {} \;
 find cmake -type f -name 'Ripple*.cmake' -exec bash -c 'mv "${1}" "${1/Ripple/Xrpl}"' - {} \;
 if [ -e cmake/xrpl_add_test.cmake ]; then
-  mv cmake/xrpl_add_test.cmake cmake/XrplAddTest.cmake
+    mv cmake/xrpl_add_test.cmake cmake/XrplAddTest.cmake
 fi
 if [ -e include/xrpl/proto/ripple.proto ]; then
-  mv include/xrpl/proto/ripple.proto include/xrpl/proto/xrpl.proto
+    mv include/xrpl/proto/ripple.proto include/xrpl/proto/xrpl.proto
 fi
 
 # Rename inside the files.
@@ -71,14 +71,14 @@ ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's@xrpl/validator-keys-tool@ripple/validator-keys-tool@' cmake
 # Ensure the name of the binary and config remain 'rippled' for now.
 ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/xrpld(-example)?\.cfg/rippled\1.cfg/g' cmake/XrplInstall.cmake
 if grep -q '"xrpld"' cmake/XrplCore.cmake; then
-  # The script has been rerun, so just restore the name of the binary.
-  ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/"xrpld"/"rippled"/' cmake/XrplCore.cmake
+    # The script has been rerun, so just restore the name of the binary.
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/"xrpld"/"rippled"/' cmake/XrplCore.cmake
 elif ! grep -q '"rippled"' cmake/XrplCore.cmake; then
-  ${HEAD_COMMAND} -n -1 cmake/XrplCore.cmake > cmake.tmp
-  echo '  # For the time being, we will keep the name of the binary as it was.' >> cmake.tmp
-  echo '  set_target_properties(xrpld PROPERTIES OUTPUT_NAME "rippled")' >> cmake.tmp
-  tail -1 cmake/XrplCore.cmake >> cmake.tmp
-  mv cmake.tmp cmake/XrplCore.cmake
+    ${HEAD_COMMAND} -n -1 cmake/XrplCore.cmake >cmake.tmp
+    echo '  # For the time being, we will keep the name of the binary as it was.' >>cmake.tmp
+    echo '  set_target_properties(xrpld PROPERTIES OUTPUT_NAME "rippled")' >>cmake.tmp
+    tail -1 cmake/XrplCore.cmake >>cmake.tmp
+    mv cmake.tmp cmake/XrplCore.cmake
 fi
 
 # Restore the symlink from 'xrpld' to 'rippled'.

.github/scripts/rename/config.sh

@@ -6,11 +6,11 @@ set -e
 # On MacOS, ensure that GNU sed is installed and available as `gsed`.
 SED_COMMAND=sed
 if [[ "${OSTYPE}" == 'darwin'* ]]; then
-  if ! command -v gsed &> /dev/null; then
-      echo "Error: gsed is not installed. Please install it using 'brew install gnu-sed'."
-      exit 1
-  fi
-  SED_COMMAND=gsed
+    if ! command -v gsed &>/dev/null; then
+        echo "Error: gsed is not installed. Please install it using 'brew install gnu-sed'."
+        exit 1
+    fi
+    SED_COMMAND=gsed
 fi
 
 # This script renames the config from `rippled.cfg` to `xrpld.cfg`, and updates
@@ -28,42 +28,41 @@ if [ ! -d "${DIRECTORY}" ]; then
     echo "Error: Directory '${DIRECTORY}' does not exist."
     exit 1
 fi
-pushd ${DIRECTORY}
+pushd "${DIRECTORY}"
 
 # Add the xrpld.cfg to the .gitignore.
 if ! grep -q 'xrpld.cfg' .gitignore; then
-  ${SED_COMMAND} -i '/rippled.cfg/a\
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i '/rippled.cfg/a\
 /xrpld.cfg' .gitignore
 fi
 
 # Rename the files.
 if [ -e rippled.cfg ]; then
-  mv rippled.cfg xrpld.cfg
+    mv rippled.cfg xrpld.cfg
 fi
 if [ -e cfg/rippled-example.cfg ]; then
-  mv cfg/rippled-example.cfg cfg/xrpld-example.cfg
+    mv cfg/rippled-example.cfg cfg/xrpld-example.cfg
 fi
 
 # Rename inside the files.
 DIRECTORIES=("cfg" "cmake" "include" "src")
 for DIRECTORY in "${DIRECTORIES[@]}"; do
-  echo "Processing directory: ${DIRECTORY}"
+    echo "Processing directory: ${DIRECTORY}"
 
-  find "${DIRECTORY}" -type f \( -name "*.h" -o -name "*.hpp" -o -name "*.ipp" -o -name "*.cpp" -o -name "*.cmake" -o -name "*.txt" -o -name "*.cfg" -o -name "*.md" \) | while read -r FILE; do
-      echo "Processing file: ${FILE}"
-      ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/rippled(-example)?[ .]cfg/xrpld\1.cfg/g' "${FILE}"
-  done
+    find "${DIRECTORY}" -type f \( -name "*.h" -o -name "*.hpp" -o -name "*.ipp" -o -name "*.cpp" -o -name "*.cmake" -o -name "*.txt" -o -name "*.cfg" -o -name "*.md" \) | while read -r FILE; do
+        echo "Processing file: ${FILE}"
+        ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/rippled(-example)?[ .]cfg/xrpld\1.cfg/g' "${FILE}"
+        ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/rippleConfig/xrpldConfig/g' "${FILE}"
+    done
 done
 ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/rippled/xrpld/g' cfg/xrpld-example.cfg
 ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/rippled/xrpld/g' src/test/core/Config_test.cpp
 ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/ripplevalidators/xrplvalidators/g' src/test/core/Config_test.cpp # cspell: disable-line
-${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/rippleConfig/xrpldConfig/g' src/test/core/Config_test.cpp
 ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's@ripple/@xrpld/@g' src/test/core/Config_test.cpp
 ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/Rippled/File/g' src/test/core/Config_test.cpp
 
-
 # Restore the old config file name in the code that maintains support for now.
-${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/configLegacyName = "xrpld.cfg"/configLegacyName = "rippled.cfg"/g' src/xrpld/core/detail/Config.cpp
+${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/kConfigLegacyName = "xrpld.cfg"/kConfigLegacyName = "rippled.cfg"/g' src/xrpld/core/detail/Config.cpp
 
 # Restore an URL.
 ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/connect-your-xrpld-to-the-xrp-test-net.html/connect-your-rippled-to-the-xrp-test-net.html/g' cfg/xrpld-example.cfg

.github/scripts/rename/copyright.sh

@@ -6,11 +6,11 @@ set -e
 # On MacOS, ensure that GNU sed is installed and available as `gsed`.
 SED_COMMAND=sed
 if [[ "${OSTYPE}" == 'darwin'* ]]; then
-  if ! command -v gsed &> /dev/null; then
-      echo "Error: gsed is not installed. Please install it using 'brew install gnu-sed'."
-      exit 1
-  fi
-  SED_COMMAND=gsed
+    if ! command -v gsed &>/dev/null; then
+        echo "Error: gsed is not installed. Please install it using 'brew install gnu-sed'."
+        exit 1
+    fi
+    SED_COMMAND=gsed
 fi
 
 # This script removes superfluous copyright notices in source and header files
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ if [ ! -d "${DIRECTORY}" ]; then
     echo "Error: Directory '${DIRECTORY}' does not exist."
     exit 1
 fi
-pushd ${DIRECTORY}
+pushd "${DIRECTORY}"
 
 # Prevent sed and echo from removing newlines and tabs in string literals by
 # temporarily replacing them with placeholders. This only affects one file.
@@ -43,56 +43,56 @@ ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E "s@\\\t@${PLACEHOLDER_TAB}@g" src/test/rpc/ValidatorInfo_te
 # Process the include/ and src/ directories.
 DIRECTORIES=("include" "src")
 for DIRECTORY in "${DIRECTORIES[@]}"; do
-  echo "Processing directory: ${DIRECTORY}"
+    echo "Processing directory: ${DIRECTORY}"
 
-  find "${DIRECTORY}" -type f \( -name "*.h" -o -name "*.hpp" -o -name "*.ipp" -o -name "*.cpp" -o -name "*.macro" \) | while read -r FILE; do
-      echo "Processing file: ${FILE}"
-      # Handle the cases where the copyright notice is enclosed in /* ... */
-      # and usually surrounded by //---- and //======.
-      ${SED_COMMAND} -z -i -E 's@^//-------+\n+@@' "${FILE}"
-      ${SED_COMMAND} -z -i -E 's@^.*Copyright.+(Ripple|Bougalis|Falco|Hinnant|Null|Ritchford|XRPLF).+PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE\.\n\*/\n+@@' "${FILE}" # cspell: ignore Bougalis Falco Hinnant Ritchford
-      ${SED_COMMAND} -z -i -E 's@^//=======+\n+@@' "${FILE}"
+    find "${DIRECTORY}" -type f \( -name "*.h" -o -name "*.hpp" -o -name "*.ipp" -o -name "*.cpp" -o -name "*.macro" \) | while read -r FILE; do
+        echo "Processing file: ${FILE}"
+        # Handle the cases where the copyright notice is enclosed in /* ... */
+        # and usually surrounded by //---- and //======.
+        ${SED_COMMAND} -z -i -E 's@^//-------+\n+@@' "${FILE}"
+        ${SED_COMMAND} -z -i -E 's@^.*Copyright.+(Ripple|Bougalis|Falco|Hinnant|Null|Ritchford|XRPLF).+PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE\.\n\*/\n+@@' "${FILE}" # cspell: ignore Bougalis Falco Hinnant Ritchford
+        ${SED_COMMAND} -z -i -E 's@^//=======+\n+@@' "${FILE}"
 
-      # Handle the cases where the copyright notice is commented out with //.
-      ${SED_COMMAND} -z -i -E 's@^//\n// Copyright.+Falco \(vinnie dot falco at gmail dot com\)\n//\n+@@' "${FILE}" # cspell: ignore Vinnie Falco
-  done
+        # Handle the cases where the copyright notice is commented out with //.
+        ${SED_COMMAND} -z -i -E 's@^//\n// Copyright.+Falco \(vinnie dot falco at gmail dot com\)\n//\n+@@' "${FILE}" # cspell: ignore Vinnie Falco
+    done
 done
 
 # Restore copyright notices that were removed from specific files, without
 # restoring the verbiage that is already present in LICENSE.md. Ensure that if
 # the script is run multiple times, duplicate notices are not added.
 if ! grep -q 'Raw Material Software' include/xrpl/beast/core/CurrentThreadName.h; then
-  echo -e "// Portions of this file are from JUCE (http://www.juce.com).\n// Copyright (c) 2013 - Raw Material Software Ltd.\n// Please visit http://www.juce.com\n\n$(cat include/xrpl/beast/core/CurrentThreadName.h)" > include/xrpl/beast/core/CurrentThreadName.h
+    echo -e "// Portions of this file are from JUCE (http://www.juce.com).\n// Copyright (c) 2013 - Raw Material Software Ltd.\n// Please visit http://www.juce.com\n\n$(cat include/xrpl/beast/core/CurrentThreadName.h)" >include/xrpl/beast/core/CurrentThreadName.h
 fi
 if ! grep -q 'Dev Null' src/test/app/NetworkID_test.cpp; then
-  echo -e "// Copyright (c) 2020 Dev Null Productions\n\n$(cat src/test/app/NetworkID_test.cpp)" > src/test/app/NetworkID_test.cpp
+    echo -e "// Copyright (c) 2020 Dev Null Productions\n\n$(cat src/test/app/NetworkID_test.cpp)" >src/test/app/NetworkID_test.cpp
 fi
 if ! grep -q 'Dev Null' src/test/app/tx/apply_test.cpp; then
-  echo -e "// Copyright (c) 2020 Dev Null Productions\n\n$(cat src/test/app/tx/apply_test.cpp)" > src/test/app/tx/apply_test.cpp
+    echo -e "// Copyright (c) 2020 Dev Null Productions\n\n$(cat src/test/app/tx/apply_test.cpp)" >src/test/app/tx/apply_test.cpp
 fi
 if ! grep -q 'Dev Null' src/test/rpc/ManifestRPC_test.cpp; then
-  echo -e "// Copyright (c) 2020 Dev Null Productions\n\n$(cat src/test/rpc/ManifestRPC_test.cpp)" > src/test/rpc/ManifestRPC_test.cpp
+    echo -e "// Copyright (c) 2020 Dev Null Productions\n\n$(cat src/test/rpc/ManifestRPC_test.cpp)" >src/test/rpc/ManifestRPC_test.cpp
 fi
 if ! grep -q 'Dev Null' src/test/rpc/ValidatorInfo_test.cpp; then
-  echo -e "// Copyright (c) 2020 Dev Null Productions\n\n$(cat src/test/rpc/ValidatorInfo_test.cpp)" > src/test/rpc/ValidatorInfo_test.cpp
+    echo -e "// Copyright (c) 2020 Dev Null Productions\n\n$(cat src/test/rpc/ValidatorInfo_test.cpp)" >src/test/rpc/ValidatorInfo_test.cpp
 fi
-if ! grep -q 'Dev Null' src/xrpld/rpc/handlers/DoManifest.cpp; then
-  echo -e "// Copyright (c) 2019 Dev Null Productions\n\n$(cat src/xrpld/rpc/handlers/DoManifest.cpp)" > src/xrpld/rpc/handlers/DoManifest.cpp
+if ! grep -q 'Dev Null' src/xrpld/rpc/handlers/server_info/Manifest.cpp; then
+    echo -e "// Copyright (c) 2019 Dev Null Productions\n\n$(cat src/xrpld/rpc/handlers/server_info/Manifest.cpp)" >src/xrpld/rpc/handlers/server_info/Manifest.cpp
 fi
-if ! grep -q 'Dev Null' src/xrpld/rpc/handlers/ValidatorInfo.cpp; then
-  echo -e "// Copyright (c) 2019 Dev Null Productions\n\n$(cat src/xrpld/rpc/handlers/ValidatorInfo.cpp)" > src/xrpld/rpc/handlers/ValidatorInfo.cpp
+if ! grep -q 'Dev Null' src/xrpld/rpc/handlers/admin/status/ValidatorInfo.cpp; then
+    echo -e "// Copyright (c) 2019 Dev Null Productions\n\n$(cat src/xrpld/rpc/handlers/admin/status/ValidatorInfo.cpp)" >src/xrpld/rpc/handlers/admin/status/ValidatorInfo.cpp
 fi
 if ! grep -q 'Bougalis' include/xrpl/basics/SlabAllocator.h; then
-  echo -e "// Copyright (c) 2022, Nikolaos D. Bougalis <nikb@bougalis.net>\n\n$(cat include/xrpl/basics/SlabAllocator.h)" > include/xrpl/basics/SlabAllocator.h # cspell: ignore Nikolaos Bougalis nikb
+    echo -e "// Copyright (c) 2022, Nikolaos D. Bougalis <nikb@bougalis.net>\n\n$(cat include/xrpl/basics/SlabAllocator.h)" >include/xrpl/basics/SlabAllocator.h # cspell: ignore Nikolaos Bougalis nikb
 fi
 if ! grep -q 'Bougalis' include/xrpl/basics/spinlock.h; then
-  echo -e "// Copyright (c) 2022, Nikolaos D. Bougalis <nikb@bougalis.net>\n\n$(cat include/xrpl/basics/spinlock.h)" > include/xrpl/basics/spinlock.h # cspell: ignore Nikolaos Bougalis nikb
+    echo -e "// Copyright (c) 2022, Nikolaos D. Bougalis <nikb@bougalis.net>\n\n$(cat include/xrpl/basics/spinlock.h)" >include/xrpl/basics/spinlock.h # cspell: ignore Nikolaos Bougalis nikb
 fi
 if ! grep -q 'Bougalis' include/xrpl/basics/tagged_integer.h; then
-  echo -e "// Copyright (c) 2014, Nikolaos D. Bougalis <nikb@bougalis.net>\n\n$(cat include/xrpl/basics/tagged_integer.h)" > include/xrpl/basics/tagged_integer.h # cspell: ignore Nikolaos Bougalis nikb
+    echo -e "// Copyright (c) 2014, Nikolaos D. Bougalis <nikb@bougalis.net>\n\n$(cat include/xrpl/basics/tagged_integer.h)" >include/xrpl/basics/tagged_integer.h # cspell: ignore Nikolaos Bougalis nikb
 fi
 if ! grep -q 'Ritchford' include/xrpl/beast/utility/Zero.h; then
-  echo -e "// Copyright (c) 2014, Tom Ritchford <tom@swirly.com>\n\n$(cat include/xrpl/beast/utility/Zero.h)" > include/xrpl/beast/utility/Zero.h # cspell: ignore Ritchford
+    echo -e "// Copyright (c) 2014, Tom Ritchford <tom@swirly.com>\n\n$(cat include/xrpl/beast/utility/Zero.h)" >include/xrpl/beast/utility/Zero.h # cspell: ignore Ritchford
 fi
 
 # Restore newlines and tabs in string literals in the affected file.

.github/scripts/rename/definitions.sh

@@ -6,11 +6,11 @@ set -e
 # On MacOS, ensure that GNU sed is installed and available as `gsed`.
 SED_COMMAND=sed
 if [[ "${OSTYPE}" == 'darwin'* ]]; then
-  if ! command -v gsed &> /dev/null; then
-      echo "Error: gsed is not installed. Please install it using 'brew install gnu-sed'."
-      exit 1
-  fi
-  SED_COMMAND=gsed
+    if ! command -v gsed &>/dev/null; then
+        echo "Error: gsed is not installed. Please install it using 'brew install gnu-sed'."
+        exit 1
+    fi
+    SED_COMMAND=gsed
 fi
 
 # This script renames definitions, such as include guards, in this project.

.github/scripts/rename/docs.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+# Exit the script as soon as an error occurs.
+set -e
+
+# On MacOS, ensure that GNU sed is installed and available as `gsed`.
+SED_COMMAND=sed
+if [[ "${OSTYPE}" == 'darwin'* ]]; then
+    if ! command -v gsed &>/dev/null; then
+        echo "Error: gsed is not installed. Please install it using 'brew install gnu-sed'."
+        exit 1
+    fi
+    SED_COMMAND=gsed
+fi
+
+# This script renames all remaining references to `ripple` and `rippled` to
+# `xrpl` and `xrpld`, respectively, in code, comments, and documentation.
+# Usage: .github/scripts/rename/docs.sh <repository directory>
+
+if [ "$#" -ne 1 ]; then
+    echo "Usage: $0 <repository directory>"
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+DIRECTORY=$1
+echo "Processing directory: ${DIRECTORY}"
+if [ ! -d "${DIRECTORY}" ]; then
+    echo "Error: Directory '${DIRECTORY}' does not exist."
+    exit 1
+fi
+pushd "${DIRECTORY}"
+
+find . -type f \( -name "*.h" -o -name "*.hpp" -o -name "*.ipp" -o -name "*.cpp" -o -name "*.txt" -o -name "*.cfg" -o -name "*.md" -o -name "*.proto" \) -not -path "./.github/scripts/*" | while read -r FILE; do
+    echo "Processing file: ${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/rippleLockEscrowMPT/lockEscrowMPT/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/rippleUnlockEscrowMPT/unlockEscrowMPT/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/rippleCredit/directSendNoFee/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/rippleSend/directSendNoLimit/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's@([^/+-])rippled@\1xrpld@g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's@([^/+-])Rippled@\1Xrpld@g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/^rippled/xrpld/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/^Rippled/Xrpld/g' "${FILE}"
+    # cspell: disable
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple (a|A)ddress/XRPL address/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple (a|A)ccount/XRPL account/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple (a|A)lgorithm/XRPL algorithm/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple (c|C)lient/XRPL client/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple (c|C)luster/XRPL cluster/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple (c|C)onsensus/XRPL consensus/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple (d|D)efault/XRPL default/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple (e|E)poch/XRPL epoch/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple (f|F)eature/XRPL feature/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple (n|N)etwork/XRPL network/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple (p|P)ayment/XRPL payment/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple (p|P)rotocol/XRPL protocol/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple (r|R)epository/XRPL repository/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple RPC/XRPL RPC/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple (s|S)erialization/XRPL serialization/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple (s|S)erver/XRPL server/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple (s|S)pecific/XRPL specific/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple Source/XRPL Source/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple (t|T)imestamp/XRPL timestamp/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple uses the consensus/XRPL uses the consensus/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(r|R)ipple (v|V)alidator/XRPL validator/g' "${FILE}"
+    # cspell: enable
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/RippleLib/XrplLib/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/ripple-lib/XrplLib/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's@opt/ripple/@opt/xrpld/@g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's@src/ripple/@src/xrpld/@g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's@ripple/app/@xrpld/app/@g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's@github.com/ripple/rippled@github.com/XRPLF/rippled@g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/\ba xrpl/an xrpl/g' "${FILE}"
+    ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/\ba XRPL/an XRPL/g' "${FILE}"
+done
+${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/ripple_libs/xrpl_libs/' BUILD.md
+${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/Ripple integrators/XRPL developers/' README.md
+${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/sanitizer-configuration-for-rippled/sanitizer-configuration-for-xrpld/' docs/build/sanitizers.md
+${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/rippled/xrpld/g' .github/scripts/levelization/README.md
+${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/rippled/xrpld/g' .github/scripts/strategy-matrix/generate.py
+${SED_COMMAND} -i 's@/rippled@/xrpld@g' docs/build/install.md
+${SED_COMMAND} -i 's@github.com/XRPLF/xrpld@github.com/XRPLF/rippled@g' docs/build/install.md
+${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/rippled/xrpld/g' docs/Doxyfile
+${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/ripple_basics/basics/' include/xrpl/basics/CountedObject.h
+${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/<ripple/<xrpl/' include/xrpl/protocol/AccountID.h
+${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/Ripple:/the XRPL:/g' include/xrpl/protocol/SecretKey.h
+${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/Ripple:/the XRPL:/g' include/xrpl/protocol/Seed.h
+${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/ripple/xrpl/g' src/test/README.md
+${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/www.ripple.com/www.xrpl.org/g' src/test/protocol/Seed_test.cpp
+
+# Restore specific changes.
+${SED_COMMAND} -i 's@b5efcc/src/xrpld@b5efcc/src/ripple@' include/xrpl/protocol/README.md
+${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/dbPrefix_ = "xrpldb"/dbPrefix_ = "rippledb"/' src/xrpld/app/misc/SHAMapStoreImp.h # cspell: disable-line
+${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/kConfigLegacyName = "xrpld.cfg"/kConfigLegacyName = "rippled.cfg"/' src/xrpld/core/detail/Config.cpp
+
+popd
+echo "Renaming complete."

.github/scripts/rename/include.sh

@@ -23,8 +23,8 @@ fi
 find "${DIRECTORY}" -type f \( -name "*.h" -o -name "*.hpp" -o -name "*.ipp" \) | while read -r FILE; do
     echo "Processing file: ${FILE}"
     if grep -q "#ifndef XRPL_" "${FILE}"; then
-      echo "Please replace all include guards by #pragma once."
-      exit 1
+        echo "Please replace all include guards by #pragma once."
+        exit 1
     fi
 done
 echo "Checking complete."

.github/scripts/rename/namespace.sh

@@ -6,11 +6,11 @@ set -e
 # On MacOS, ensure that GNU sed is installed and available as `gsed`.
 SED_COMMAND=sed
 if [[ "${OSTYPE}" == 'darwin'* ]]; then
-  if ! command -v gsed &> /dev/null; then
-      echo "Error: gsed is not installed. Please install it using 'brew install gnu-sed'."
-      exit 1
-  fi
-  SED_COMMAND=gsed
+    if ! command -v gsed &>/dev/null; then
+        echo "Error: gsed is not installed. Please install it using 'brew install gnu-sed'."
+        exit 1
+    fi
+    SED_COMMAND=gsed
 fi
 
 # This script renames the `ripple` namespace to `xrpl` in this project.
@@ -31,18 +31,19 @@ if [ ! -d "${DIRECTORY}" ]; then
     echo "Error: Directory '${DIRECTORY}' does not exist."
     exit 1
 fi
-pushd ${DIRECTORY}
+pushd "${DIRECTORY}"
 
 DIRECTORIES=("include" "src" "tests")
 for DIRECTORY in "${DIRECTORIES[@]}"; do
-  echo "Processing directory: ${DIRECTORY}"
+    echo "Processing directory: ${DIRECTORY}"
 
-  find "${DIRECTORY}" -type f \( -name "*.h" -o -name "*.hpp" -o -name "*.ipp" -o -name "*.cpp" \) | while read -r FILE; do
-      echo "Processing file: ${FILE}"
-      ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/namespace ripple/namespace xrpl/g' "${FILE}"
-      ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/ripple::/xrpl::/g' "${FILE}"
-      ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(BEAST_DEFINE_TESTSUITE.+)ripple(.+)/\1xrpl\2/g' "${FILE}"
-  done
+    find "${DIRECTORY}" -type f \( -name "*.h" -o -name "*.hpp" -o -name "*.ipp" -o -name "*.cpp" -o -name "*.macro" \) | while read -r FILE; do
+        echo "Processing file: ${FILE}"
+        ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/namespace ripple/namespace xrpl/g' "${FILE}"
+        ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/ripple::/xrpl::/g' "${FILE}"
+        ${SED_COMMAND} -i 's/"ripple:/"xrpl::/g' "${FILE}"
+        ${SED_COMMAND} -i -E 's/(BEAST_DEFINE_TESTSUITE.+)ripple(.+)/\1xrpl\2/g' "${FILE}"
+    done
 done
 
 # Special case for NuDBFactory that has ripple twice in the test suite name.

.github/scripts/strategy-matrix/generate.py

@@ -32,7 +32,32 @@ We will further set additional CMake arguments as follows:
 """
 
 
-def generate_strategy_matrix(all: bool, config: Config) -> list:
+def build_config_name(os_entry: dict[str, str], platform: str, build_type: str) -> str:
+    parts = [os_entry["distro_name"]]
+    for key in ("distro_version", "compiler_name", "compiler_version"):
+        if value := os_entry[key]:
+            parts.append(value)
+    parts.append("arm64" if "arm64" in platform else "amd64")
+    parts.append(build_type.lower())
+    return "-".join(parts)
+
+
+def generate_packaging_matrix(config: Config) -> list[dict]:
+    """Emit one entry per os entry with `package: true`. Architecture is
+    hardcoded to linux/amd64 here (and the runner is hardcoded at the
+    workflow level) until arm64 packaging is ready.
+    """
+    return [
+        {
+            "artifact_name": f"xrpld-{build_config_name(os, 'linux/amd64', 'Release')}",
+            "os": os,
+        }
+        for os in config.os
+        if os.get("package", False)
+    ]
+
+
+def generate_strategy_matrix(all: bool, config: Config) -> list[dict]:
     configurations = []
     for architecture, os, build_type, cmake_args in itertools.product(
         config.architecture, config.os, config.build_type, config.cmake_args
@@ -51,27 +76,28 @@ def generate_strategy_matrix(all: bool, config: Config) -> list:
         # Only generate a subset of configurations in PRs.
         if not all:
             # Debian:
-            # - Bookworm using GCC 13: Release on linux/amd64, set the reference
-            #   fee to 500.
-            # - Bookworm using GCC 15: Debug on linux/amd64, enable code
-            #   coverage (which will be done below).
+            # - Bookworm using GCC 13: Debug on linux/amd64, set the reference
+            #   fee to 500 and enable code coverage (which will be done below).
+            # - Bookworm using GCC 15: Debug on linux/amd64, enable Address and
+            #   UB sanitizers (which will be done below).
             # - Bookworm using Clang 16: Debug on linux/amd64, enable voidstar.
             # - Bookworm using Clang 17: Release on linux/amd64, set the
             #   reference fee to 1000.
-            # - Bookworm using Clang 20: Debug on linux/amd64.
+            # - Bookworm using Clang 20: Debug on linux/amd64, enable Address
+            #   and UB sanitizers (which will be done below).
             if os["distro_name"] == "debian":
                 skip = True
                 if os["distro_version"] == "bookworm":
                     if (
                         f"{os['compiler_name']}-{os['compiler_version']}" == "gcc-13"
-                        and build_type == "Release"
+                        and build_type == "Debug"
                         and architecture["platform"] == "linux/amd64"
                     ):
                         cmake_args = f"-DUNIT_TEST_REFERENCE_FEE=500 {cmake_args}"
                         skip = False
                     if (
                         f"{os['compiler_name']}-{os['compiler_version']}" == "gcc-15"
-                        and build_type == "Debug"
+                        and build_type == "Release"
                         and architecture["platform"] == "linux/amd64"
                     ):
                         skip = False
@@ -89,8 +115,9 @@ def generate_strategy_matrix(all: bool, config: Config) -> list:
                     ):
                         cmake_args = f"-DUNIT_TEST_REFERENCE_FEE=1000 {cmake_args}"
                         skip = False
+                elif os["distro_version"] == "trixie":
                     if (
-                        f"{os['compiler_name']}-{os['compiler_version']}" == "clang-20"
+                        f"{os['compiler_name']}-{os['compiler_version']}" == "clang-22"
                         and build_type == "Debug"
                         and architecture["platform"] == "linux/amd64"
                     ):
@@ -99,14 +126,15 @@ def generate_strategy_matrix(all: bool, config: Config) -> list:
                     continue
 
             # RHEL:
-            # - 9 using GCC 12: Debug on linux/amd64.
+            # - 9 using GCC 12: Debug and Release on linux/amd64
+            #   (Release is required for RPM packaging).
             # - 10 using Clang: Release on linux/amd64.
             if os["distro_name"] == "rhel":
                 skip = True
                 if os["distro_version"] == "9":
                     if (
                         f"{os['compiler_name']}-{os['compiler_version']}" == "gcc-12"
-                        and build_type == "Debug"
+                        and build_type in ["Debug", "Release"]
                         and architecture["platform"] == "linux/amd64"
                     ):
                         skip = False
@@ -121,7 +149,8 @@ def generate_strategy_matrix(all: bool, config: Config) -> list:
                     continue
 
             # Ubuntu:
-            # - Jammy using GCC 12: Debug on linux/arm64.
+            # - Jammy using GCC 12: Debug on linux/arm64, Release on
+            #   linux/amd64 (Release is required for DEB packaging).
             # - Noble using GCC 14: Release on linux/amd64.
             # - Noble using Clang 18: Debug on linux/amd64.
             # - Noble using Clang 19: Release on linux/arm64.
@@ -134,6 +163,12 @@ def generate_strategy_matrix(all: bool, config: Config) -> list:
                         and architecture["platform"] == "linux/arm64"
                     ):
                         skip = False
+                    if (
+                        f"{os['compiler_name']}-{os['compiler_version']}" == "gcc-12"
+                        and build_type == "Release"
+                        and architecture["platform"] == "linux/amd64"
+                    ):
+                        skip = False
                 elif os["distro_version"] == "noble":
                     if (
                         f"{os['compiler_name']}-{os['compiler_version']}" == "gcc-14"
@@ -187,17 +222,18 @@ def generate_strategy_matrix(all: bool, config: Config) -> list:
 
         # We skip all clang 20+ on arm64 due to Boost build error.
         if (
-            f"{os['compiler_name']}-{os['compiler_version']}"
-            in ["clang-20", "clang-21"]
+            os["compiler_name"] == "clang"
+            and os["compiler_version"].isdigit()
+            and int(os["compiler_version"]) >= 20
             and architecture["platform"] == "linux/arm64"
         ):
             continue
 
-        # Enable code coverage for Debian Bookworm using GCC 15 in Debug on
-        # linux/amd64
+        # Enable code coverage for Debian Bookworm using GCC 13 in Debug on
+        # linux/amd64.
         if (
             f"{os['distro_name']}-{os['distro_version']}" == "debian-bookworm"
-            and f"{os['compiler_name']}-{os['compiler_version']}" == "gcc-15"
+            and f"{os['compiler_name']}-{os['compiler_version']}" == "gcc-13"
             and build_type == "Debug"
             and architecture["platform"] == "linux/amd64"
         ):
@@ -215,17 +251,7 @@ def generate_strategy_matrix(all: bool, config: Config) -> list:
 
         # Generate a unique name for the configuration, e.g. macos-arm64-debug
         # or debian-bookworm-gcc-12-amd64-release.
-        config_name = os["distro_name"]
-        if (n := os["distro_version"]) != "":
-            config_name += f"-{n}"
-        if (n := os["compiler_name"]) != "":
-            config_name += f"-{n}"
-        if (n := os["compiler_version"]) != "":
-            config_name += f"-{n}"
-        config_name += (
-            f"-{architecture['platform'][architecture['platform'].find('/')+1:]}"
-        )
-        config_name += f"-{build_type.lower()}"
+        config_name = build_config_name(os, architecture["platform"], build_type)
         if "-Dcoverage=ON" in cmake_args:
             config_name += "-coverage"
         if "-Dunity=ON" in cmake_args:
@@ -234,23 +260,39 @@ def generate_strategy_matrix(all: bool, config: Config) -> list:
         # Add the configuration to the list, with the most unique fields first,
         # so that they are easier to identify in the GitHub Actions UI, as long
         # names get truncated.
-        # Add Address and Thread (both coupled with UB) sanitizers for specific bookworm distros.
-        # GCC-Asan rippled-embedded tests are failing because of https://github.com/google/sanitizers/issues/856
+        # Add Address and UB sanitizers as separate configurations for specific
+        # bookworm distros. Thread sanitizer is currently disabled (see below).
+        # GCC-Asan xrpld-embedded tests are failing because of https://github.com/google/sanitizers/issues/856
         if (
             os["distro_version"] == "bookworm"
-            and f"{os['compiler_name']}-{os['compiler_version']}" == "clang-20"
+            and f"{os['compiler_name']}-{os['compiler_version']}" == "gcc-15"
+        ) or (
+            os["distro_version"] == "trixie"
+            and f"{os['compiler_name']}-{os['compiler_version']}" == "clang-22"
         ):
-            # Add ASAN + UBSAN configuration.
+            # Add ASAN and UBSAN configurations for both gcc-15 and clang-22
             configurations.append(
                 {
-                    "config_name": config_name + "-asan-ubsan",
+                    "config_name": config_name + "-asan",
                     "cmake_args": cmake_args,
                     "cmake_target": cmake_target,
                     "build_only": build_only,
                     "build_type": build_type,
                     "os": os,
                     "architecture": architecture,
-                    "sanitizers": "address,undefinedbehavior",
+                    "sanitizers": "address",
+                }
+            )
+            configurations.append(
+                {
+                    "config_name": config_name + "-ubsan",
+                    "cmake_args": cmake_args,
+                    "cmake_target": cmake_target,
+                    "build_only": build_only,
+                    "build_type": build_type,
+                    "os": os,
+                    "architecture": architecture,
+                    "sanitizers": "undefinedbehavior",
                 }
             )
             # TSAN is deactivated due to seg faults with latest compilers.
@@ -313,10 +355,19 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
         required=False,
         type=Path,
     )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-p",
+        "--packaging",
+        help="Emit the packaging matrix (derived from the 'package' field on os entries) instead of the build/test matrix.",
+        action="store_true",
+    )
     args = parser.parse_args()
 
     matrix = []
-    if args.config is None or args.config == "":
+    if args.packaging:
+        config_path = args.config if args.config else THIS_DIR / "linux.json"
+        matrix += generate_packaging_matrix(read_config(config_path))
+    elif args.config is None or args.config == "":
         matrix += generate_strategy_matrix(
             args.all, read_config(THIS_DIR / "linux.json")
         )

.github/scripts/strategy-matrix/linux.json

@@ -15,196 +15,205 @@
       "distro_version": "bookworm",
       "compiler_name": "gcc",
       "compiler_version": "12",
-      "image_sha": "ab4d1f0"
+      "image_sha": "4c086b9"
     },
     {
       "distro_name": "debian",
       "distro_version": "bookworm",
       "compiler_name": "gcc",
       "compiler_version": "13",
-      "image_sha": "ab4d1f0"
+      "image_sha": "4c086b9"
     },
     {
       "distro_name": "debian",
       "distro_version": "bookworm",
       "compiler_name": "gcc",
       "compiler_version": "14",
-      "image_sha": "ab4d1f0"
+      "image_sha": "4c086b9"
     },
     {
       "distro_name": "debian",
       "distro_version": "bookworm",
       "compiler_name": "gcc",
       "compiler_version": "15",
-      "image_sha": "ab4d1f0"
+      "image_sha": "4c086b9"
     },
     {
       "distro_name": "debian",
       "distro_version": "bookworm",
       "compiler_name": "clang",
       "compiler_version": "16",
-      "image_sha": "ab4d1f0"
+      "image_sha": "4c086b9"
     },
     {
       "distro_name": "debian",
       "distro_version": "bookworm",
       "compiler_name": "clang",
       "compiler_version": "17",
-      "image_sha": "ab4d1f0"
+      "image_sha": "4c086b9"
     },
     {
       "distro_name": "debian",
       "distro_version": "bookworm",
       "compiler_name": "clang",
       "compiler_version": "18",
-      "image_sha": "ab4d1f0"
+      "image_sha": "4c086b9"
     },
     {
       "distro_name": "debian",
       "distro_version": "bookworm",
       "compiler_name": "clang",
       "compiler_version": "19",
-      "image_sha": "ab4d1f0"
+      "image_sha": "4c086b9"
     },
     {
       "distro_name": "debian",
       "distro_version": "bookworm",
       "compiler_name": "clang",
       "compiler_version": "20",
-      "image_sha": "ab4d1f0"
+      "image_sha": "4c086b9"
     },
     {
       "distro_name": "debian",
       "distro_version": "trixie",
       "compiler_name": "gcc",
       "compiler_version": "14",
-      "image_sha": "ab4d1f0"
+      "image_sha": "4c086b9"
     },
     {
       "distro_name": "debian",
       "distro_version": "trixie",
       "compiler_name": "gcc",
       "compiler_version": "15",
-      "image_sha": "ab4d1f0"
+      "image_sha": "4c086b9"
     },
     {
       "distro_name": "debian",
       "distro_version": "trixie",
       "compiler_name": "clang",
       "compiler_version": "20",
-      "image_sha": "ab4d1f0"
+      "image_sha": "4c086b9"
     },
     {
       "distro_name": "debian",
       "distro_version": "trixie",
       "compiler_name": "clang",
       "compiler_version": "21",
-      "image_sha": "ab4d1f0"
+      "image_sha": "4c086b9"
+    },
+    {
+      "distro_name": "debian",
+      "distro_version": "trixie",
+      "compiler_name": "clang",
+      "compiler_version": "22",
+      "image_sha": "4c086b9"
     },
     {
       "distro_name": "rhel",
       "distro_version": "8",
       "compiler_name": "gcc",
       "compiler_version": "14",
-      "image_sha": "ab4d1f0"
+      "image_sha": "4c086b9"
     },
     {
       "distro_name": "rhel",
       "distro_version": "8",
       "compiler_name": "clang",
       "compiler_version": "any",
-      "image_sha": "ab4d1f0"
+      "image_sha": "4c086b9"
     },
     {
       "distro_name": "rhel",
       "distro_version": "9",
       "compiler_name": "gcc",
       "compiler_version": "12",
-      "image_sha": "ab4d1f0"
+      "image_sha": "4c086b9",
+      "package": true
     },
     {
       "distro_name": "rhel",
       "distro_version": "9",
       "compiler_name": "gcc",
       "compiler_version": "13",
-      "image_sha": "ab4d1f0"
+      "image_sha": "4c086b9"
     },
     {
       "distro_name": "rhel",
       "distro_version": "9",
       "compiler_name": "gcc",
       "compiler_version": "14",
-      "image_sha": "ab4d1f0"
+      "image_sha": "4c086b9"
     },
     {
       "distro_name": "rhel",
       "distro_version": "9",
       "compiler_name": "clang",
       "compiler_version": "any",
-      "image_sha": "ab4d1f0"
+      "image_sha": "4c086b9"
     },
     {
       "distro_name": "rhel",
       "distro_version": "10",
       "compiler_name": "gcc",
       "compiler_version": "14",
-      "image_sha": "ab4d1f0"
+      "image_sha": "4c086b9"
     },
     {
       "distro_name": "rhel",
       "distro_version": "10",
       "compiler_name": "clang",
       "compiler_version": "any",
-      "image_sha": "ab4d1f0"
+      "image_sha": "4c086b9"
     },
     {
       "distro_name": "ubuntu",
       "distro_version": "jammy",
       "compiler_name": "gcc",
       "compiler_version": "12",
-      "image_sha": "ab4d1f0"
+      "image_sha": "4c086b9",
+      "package": true
     },
     {
       "distro_name": "ubuntu",
       "distro_version": "noble",
       "compiler_name": "gcc",
       "compiler_version": "13",
-      "image_sha": "ab4d1f0"
+      "image_sha": "4c086b9"
     },
     {
       "distro_name": "ubuntu",
       "distro_version": "noble",
       "compiler_name": "gcc",
       "compiler_version": "14",
-      "image_sha": "ab4d1f0"
+      "image_sha": "4c086b9"
     },
     {
       "distro_name": "ubuntu",
       "distro_version": "noble",
       "compiler_name": "clang",
       "compiler_version": "16",
-      "image_sha": "ab4d1f0"
+      "image_sha": "4c086b9"
     },
     {
       "distro_name": "ubuntu",
       "distro_version": "noble",
       "compiler_name": "clang",
       "compiler_version": "17",
-      "image_sha": "ab4d1f0"
+      "image_sha": "4c086b9"
     },
     {
       "distro_name": "ubuntu",
       "distro_version": "noble",
       "compiler_name": "clang",
       "compiler_version": "18",
-      "image_sha": "ab4d1f0"
+      "image_sha": "4c086b9"
     },
     {
       "distro_name": "ubuntu",
       "distro_version": "noble",
       "compiler_name": "clang",
       "compiler_version": "19",
-      "image_sha": "ab4d1f0"
+      "image_sha": "4c086b9"
     }
   ],
   "build_type": ["Debug", "Release"],

.github/workflows/build-nix-image.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+name: Build Nix Docker image
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - develop
+    paths:
+      - ".github/workflows/build-nix-image.yml"
+      - ".github/workflows/reusable-build-docker-image.yml"
+      - "docker/**"
+      - "flake.nix"
+      - "flake.lock"
+      - "nix/**"
+  pull_request:
+    paths:
+      - ".github/workflows/build-nix-image.yml"
+      - ".github/workflows/reusable-build-docker-image.yml"
+      - "docker/**"
+      - "flake.nix"
+      - "flake.lock"
+      - "nix/**"
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+defaults:
+  run:
+    shell: bash
+
+jobs:
+  build:
+    name: Build ${{ matrix.distro.name }} (${{ matrix.target.platform }})
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+      packages: write
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        # The base images are the oldest supported version of each distro
+        # that we want to build images for.
+        distro:
+          - name: nixos
+            base_image: nixos/nix:latest
+          - name: ubuntu
+            base_image: ubuntu:20.04
+          - name: rhel
+            base_image: registry.access.redhat.com/ubi9/ubi:latest
+          - name: debian
+            base_image: debian:bookworm
+        target:
+          - platform: linux/amd64
+            runner: ubuntu-latest
+          - platform: linux/arm64
+            runner: ubuntu-24.04-arm
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/reusable-build-docker-image.yml
+    with:
+      image_name: ghcr.io/xrplf/xrpld/nix-${{ matrix.distro.name }}
+      dockerfile: docker/nix.Dockerfile
+      base_image: ${{ matrix.distro.base_image }}
+      platform: ${{ matrix.target.platform }}
+      runner: ${{ matrix.target.runner }}
+      push: ${{ github.repository == 'XRPLF/rippled' && github.event_name == 'push' }}
+
+  merge:
+    name: Merge ${{ matrix.distro }} manifest
+    needs: build
+    if: ${{ github.repository == 'XRPLF/rippled' && github.event_name == 'push' }}
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+      packages: write
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        distro: [nixos, ubuntu, rhel, debian]
+    env:
+      IMAGE_NAME: ghcr.io/xrplf/xrpld/nix-${{ matrix.distro }}
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@d7f5e7f509e45cec5c76c4d5afdd7de93d0b3df5 # v4.1.0
+
+      - name: Docker metadata
+        id: meta
+        uses: docker/metadata-action@80c7e94dd9b9319bd5eb7a0e0fe9291e23a2a2e9 # v6.1.0
+        with:
+          images: ${{ env.IMAGE_NAME }}
+          tags: |
+            type=sha,prefix=sha-,format=short
+            type=raw,value=latest
+
+      - name: Login to GitHub Container Registry
+        uses: docker/login-action@650006c6eb7dba73a995cc03b0b2d7f5ca915bee # v4.2.0
+        with:
+          registry: ghcr.io
+          username: ${{ github.repository_owner }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+
+      - name: Create multi-arch manifests
+        run: |
+          for tag in $(jq -cr '.tags[]' <<<"$DOCKER_METADATA_OUTPUT_JSON"); do
+              docker buildx imagetools create -t "$tag" "${tag}-amd64" "${tag}-arm64"
+          done
+
+      - name: Inspect image
+        run: |
+          docker buildx imagetools inspect "${IMAGE_NAME}:${{ steps.meta.outputs.version }}"

.github/workflows/check-pr-commits.yml

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 name: Check PR commits
 
 on:
-  pull_request:
+  pull_request_target:
 
 # The action needs to have write permissions to post comments on the PR.
 permissions:
@@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ permissions:
 
 jobs:
   check_commits:
-    uses: XRPLF/actions/.github/workflows/check-pr-commits.yml@481048b78b94ac3343d1292b4ef125a813879f2b
+    uses: XRPLF/actions/.github/workflows/check-pr-commits.yml@e2c7f400d1e85ae65dad552fd425169fbacca4a3

.github/workflows/check-pr-description.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+name: Check PR description
+
+on:
+  merge_group:
+    types:
+      - checks_requested
+  pull_request:
+    types:
+      - opened
+      - edited
+      - reopened
+      - synchronize
+      - ready_for_review
+    branches:
+      - develop
+      - "release-*"
+      - "release/*"
+      - "staging/*"
+
+jobs:
+  check_description:
+    if: ${{ github.event.pull_request.draft != true }}
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+
+      - name: Write PR body to file
+        env:
+          PR_BODY: ${{ github.event.pull_request.body }}
+        if: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' }}
+        run: printenv PR_BODY >pr_body.md
+
+      - name: Check PR description differs from template
+        if: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' }}
+        run: |
+          python .github/scripts/check-pr-description.py \
+              --template-file .github/pull_request_template.md \
+              --pr-body-file pr_body.md

.github/workflows/check-pr-title.yml

@@ -5,10 +5,19 @@ on:
     types:
       - checks_requested
   pull_request:
-    types: [opened, edited, reopened, synchronize, ready_for_review]
-    branches: [develop]
+    types:
+      - opened
+      - edited
+      - reopened
+      - synchronize
+      - ready_for_review
+    branches:
+      - develop
+      - "release-*"
+      - "release/*"
+      - "staging/*"
 
 jobs:
   check_title:
     if: ${{ github.event.pull_request.draft != true }}
-    uses: XRPLF/actions/.github/workflows/check-pr-title.yml@e2c7f400d1e85ae65dad552fd425169fbacca4a3
+    uses: XRPLF/actions/.github/workflows/check-pr-title.yml@cba1f0891650baf1a9c88624dc2d72573be2eb81

.github/workflows/on-pr.yml

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ jobs:
         # that Github considers any skipped jobs to have passed, and in
         # turn the required checks as well.
         id: changes
-        uses: tj-actions/changed-files@22103cc46bda19c2b464ffe86db46df6922fd323 # v47.0.5
+        uses: tj-actions/changed-files@9426d40962ed5378910ee2e21d5f8c6fcbf2dd96 # v47.0.6
         with:
           files: |
             # These paths are unique to `on-pr.yml`.
@@ -58,20 +58,19 @@ jobs:
 
             # Keep the paths below in sync with those in `on-trigger.yml`.
             .github/actions/build-deps/**
-            .github/actions/build-test/**
             .github/actions/generate-version/**
             .github/actions/setup-conan/**
             .github/scripts/strategy-matrix/**
-            .github/workflows/reusable-build.yml
             .github/workflows/reusable-build-test-config.yml
             .github/workflows/reusable-build-test.yml
             .github/workflows/reusable-clang-tidy.yml
-            .github/workflows/reusable-clang-tidy-files.yml
+            .github/workflows/reusable-package.yml
             .github/workflows/reusable-strategy-matrix.yml
             .github/workflows/reusable-test.yml
             .github/workflows/reusable-upload-recipe.yml
             .clang-tidy
             .codecov.yml
+            cfg/**
             cmake/**
             conan/**
             external/**
@@ -81,6 +80,10 @@ jobs:
             CMakeLists.txt
             conanfile.py
             conan.lock
+            LICENSE.md
+            package/**
+            README.md
+
       - name: Check whether to run
         # This step determines whether the rest of the workflow should
         # run. The rest of the workflow will run if this job runs AND at
@@ -95,7 +98,7 @@ jobs:
           READY: ${{ contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'Ready to merge') }}
           MERGE: ${{ github.event_name == 'merge_group' }}
         run: |
-          echo "go=${{ (env.DRAFT != 'true' && env.READY == 'true') || env.FILES == 'true' || env.MERGE == 'true' }}" >> "${GITHUB_OUTPUT}"
+          echo "go=${{ (env.DRAFT != 'true' && env.READY == 'true') || env.FILES == 'true' || env.MERGE == 'true' }}" >>"${GITHUB_OUTPUT}"
           cat "${GITHUB_OUTPUT}"
     outputs:
       go: ${{ steps.go.outputs.go == 'true' }}
@@ -137,6 +140,11 @@ jobs:
     secrets:
       CODECOV_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
 
+  package:
+    needs: [should-run, build-test]
+    if: ${{ needs.should-run.outputs.go == 'true' }}
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/reusable-package.yml
+
   upload-recipe:
     needs:
       - should-run
@@ -160,9 +168,9 @@ jobs:
           PR_URL: ${{ github.event.pull_request.html_url }}
         run: |
           gh api --method POST -H "Accept: application/vnd.github+json" -H "X-GitHub-Api-Version: 2022-11-28" \
-          /repos/xrplf/clio/dispatches -f "event_type=check_libxrpl" \
-          -F "client_payload[ref]=${{ needs.upload-recipe.outputs.recipe_ref }}" \
-          -F "client_payload[pr_url]=${PR_URL}"
+              /repos/xrplf/clio/dispatches -f "event_type=check_libxrpl" \
+              -F "client_payload[ref]=${{ needs.upload-recipe.outputs.recipe_ref }}" \
+              -F "client_payload[pr_url]=${PR_URL}"
 
   passed:
     if: failure() || cancelled()
@@ -171,9 +179,10 @@ jobs:
       - check-rename
       - clang-tidy
       - build-test
+      - package
       - upload-recipe
       - notify-clio
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Fail
-        run: false
+        run: exit 1

.github/workflows/on-tag.yml

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-# This workflow uploads the libxrpl recipe to the Conan remote when a versioned
-# tag is pushed.
+# This workflow uploads the libxrpl recipe to the Conan remote and builds
+# release packages when a versioned tag is pushed.
 name: Tag
 
 on:
@@ -22,3 +22,22 @@ jobs:
     secrets:
       remote_username: ${{ secrets.CONAN_REMOTE_USERNAME }}
       remote_password: ${{ secrets.CONAN_REMOTE_PASSWORD }}
+
+  build-test:
+    if: ${{ github.repository == 'XRPLF/rippled' }}
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/reusable-build-test.yml
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: true
+      matrix:
+        os: [linux]
+    with:
+      ccache_enabled: false
+      os: ${{ matrix.os }}
+      strategy_matrix: minimal
+    secrets:
+      CODECOV_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
+
+  package:
+    if: ${{ github.repository == 'XRPLF/rippled' }}
+    needs: build-test
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/reusable-package.yml

.github/workflows/on-trigger.yml

@@ -15,20 +15,19 @@ on:
 
       # Keep the paths below in sync with those in `on-pr.yml`.
       - ".github/actions/build-deps/**"
-      - ".github/actions/build-test/**"
       - ".github/actions/generate-version/**"
       - ".github/actions/setup-conan/**"
       - ".github/scripts/strategy-matrix/**"
-      - ".github/workflows/reusable-build.yml"
       - ".github/workflows/reusable-build-test-config.yml"
       - ".github/workflows/reusable-build-test.yml"
       - ".github/workflows/reusable-clang-tidy.yml"
-      - ".github/workflows/reusable-clang-tidy-files.yml"
+      - ".github/workflows/reusable-package.yml"
       - ".github/workflows/reusable-strategy-matrix.yml"
       - ".github/workflows/reusable-test.yml"
       - ".github/workflows/reusable-upload-recipe.yml"
       - ".clang-tidy"
       - ".codecov.yml"
+      - "cfg/**"
       - "cmake/**"
       - "conan/**"
       - "external/**"
@@ -38,6 +37,9 @@ on:
       - "CMakeLists.txt"
       - "conanfile.py"
       - "conan.lock"
+      - "LICENSE.md"
+      - "package/**"
+      - "README.md"
 
   # Run at 06:32 UTC on every day of the week from Monday through Friday. This
   # will force all dependencies to be rebuilt, which is useful to verify that
@@ -98,3 +100,7 @@ jobs:
     secrets:
       remote_username: ${{ secrets.CONAN_REMOTE_USERNAME }}
       remote_password: ${{ secrets.CONAN_REMOTE_PASSWORD }}
+
+  package:
+    needs: build-test
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/reusable-package.yml

.github/workflows/pre-commit.yml

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ on:
 jobs:
   # Call the workflow in the XRPLF/actions repo that runs the pre-commit hooks.
   run-hooks:
-    uses: XRPLF/actions/.github/workflows/pre-commit.yml@e7896f15cc60d0da1a272c77ee5c4026b424f9c7
+    uses: XRPLF/actions/.github/workflows/pre-commit.yml@cba1f0891650baf1a9c88624dc2d72573be2eb81
     with:
       runs_on: ubuntu-latest
       container: '{ "image": "ghcr.io/xrplf/ci/tools-rippled-pre-commit:sha-41ec7c1" }'

.github/workflows/publish-docs.yml

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ on:
   push:
     branches:
       - "develop"
-      - "release*"
     paths:
       - ".github/workflows/publish-docs.yml"
       - "*.md"
@@ -37,7 +36,7 @@ env:
   BUILD_DIR: build
   # ubuntu-latest has only 2 CPUs for private repositories
   # https://docs.github.com/en/actions/reference/runners/github-hosted-runners#standard-github-hosted-runners-for--private-repositories
-  NPROC_SUBTRACT: ${{ github.event.repository.private && '1' || '2' }}
+  NPROC_SUBTRACT: ${{ github.event.repository.visibility == 'public' && '2' || '1' }}
 
 jobs:
   build:
@@ -48,7 +47,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
 
       - name: Prepare runner
-        uses: XRPLF/actions/prepare-runner@2bbc2dc1abeec7bfaa886804ab86871ac201764e
+        uses: XRPLF/actions/prepare-runner@90f11ee655d1687824fb8793db770477d52afbab
         with:
           enable_ccache: false
 
@@ -82,13 +81,13 @@ jobs:
           cmake --build . --target docs --parallel ${BUILD_NPROC}
 
       - name: Create documentation artifact
-        if: ${{ github.event_name == 'push' }}
-        uses: actions/upload-pages-artifact@7b1f4a764d45c48632c6b24a0339c27f5614fb0b # v4.0.0
+        if: ${{ github.event.repository.visibility == 'public' && github.event_name == 'push' }}
+        uses: actions/upload-pages-artifact@fc324d3547104276b827a68afc52ff2a11cc49c9 # v5.0.0
         with:
           path: ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}/docs/html
 
   deploy:
-    if: ${{ github.event_name == 'push' }}
+    if: ${{ github.repository == 'XRPLF/rippled' && github.event_name == 'push' }}
     needs: build
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     permissions:
@@ -100,4 +99,4 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - name: Deploy to GitHub Pages
         id: deploy
-        uses: actions/deploy-pages@d6db90164ac5ed86f2b6aed7e0febac5b3c0c03e # v4.0.5
+        uses: actions/deploy-pages@cd2ce8fcbc39b97be8ca5fce6e763baed58fa128 # v5.0.0

.github/workflows/reusable-build-docker-image.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+# Build a single-platform Docker image. On push, the image is pushed to
+# GHCR with arch-suffixed tags (e.g. `:latest-amd64`, `:sha-abc-amd64`)
+# so the calling workflow can stitch per-arch builds into a multi-arch
+# manifest without needing to pass digests around.
+name: Reusable build Docker image (single platform)
+
+on:
+  workflow_call:
+    inputs:
+      image_name:
+        description: "Full image name without tag (e.g. 'ghcr.io/xrplf/xrpld/nix-ubuntu')"
+        required: true
+        type: string
+      dockerfile:
+        description: "Path to the Dockerfile, relative to the repository root"
+        required: true
+        type: string
+      base_image:
+        description: "Value passed to the Dockerfile as the BASE_IMAGE build arg"
+        required: true
+        type: string
+      platform:
+        description: "Docker platform string, e.g. linux/amd64"
+        required: true
+        type: string
+      runner:
+        description: "GitHub Actions runner label to build on"
+        required: true
+        type: string
+      push:
+        description: "Whether to push the image to GHCR"
+        required: true
+        type: boolean
+
+defaults:
+  run:
+    shell: bash
+
+jobs:
+  build:
+    name: Build (${{ inputs.platform }})
+    runs-on: ${{ inputs.runner }}
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+      packages: write
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+
+      - name: Determine arch
+        id: vars
+        env:
+          PLATFORM: ${{ inputs.platform }}
+        run: |
+          echo "arch=${PLATFORM##*/}" >>$GITHUB_OUTPUT
+
+      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@d7f5e7f509e45cec5c76c4d5afdd7de93d0b3df5 # v4.1.0
+
+      - name: Login to GitHub Container Registry
+        if: inputs.push
+        uses: docker/login-action@650006c6eb7dba73a995cc03b0b2d7f5ca915bee # v4.2.0
+        with:
+          registry: ghcr.io
+          username: ${{ github.repository_owner }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+
+      - name: Docker metadata
+        id: meta
+        uses: docker/metadata-action@80c7e94dd9b9319bd5eb7a0e0fe9291e23a2a2e9 # v6.1.0
+        with:
+          images: ${{ inputs.image_name }}
+          tags: |
+            type=sha,prefix=sha-,format=short
+            type=raw,value=latest
+          flavor: |
+            suffix=-${{ steps.vars.outputs.arch }},onlatest=true
+
+      - name: Build and push
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@f9f3042f7e2789586610d6e8b85c8f03e5195baf # v7.2.0
+        with:
+          context: .
+          file: ${{ inputs.dockerfile }}
+          platforms: ${{ inputs.platform }}
+          push: ${{ inputs.push }}
+          tags: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.tags }}
+          labels: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.labels }}
+          build-args: BASE_IMAGE=${{ inputs.base_image }}

.github/workflows/reusable-build-test-config.yml

@@ -107,16 +107,16 @@ jobs:
         uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
 
       - name: Prepare runner
-        uses: XRPLF/actions/prepare-runner@2bbc2dc1abeec7bfaa886804ab86871ac201764e
+        uses: XRPLF/actions/prepare-runner@90f11ee655d1687824fb8793db770477d52afbab
         with:
           enable_ccache: ${{ inputs.ccache_enabled }}
 
       - name: Set ccache log file
         if: ${{ inputs.ccache_enabled && runner.debug == '1' }}
-        run: echo "CCACHE_LOGFILE=${{ runner.temp }}/ccache.log" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
+        run: echo "CCACHE_LOGFILE=${{ runner.temp }}/ccache.log" >>"${GITHUB_ENV}"
 
       - name: Print build environment
-        uses: ./.github/actions/print-env
+        uses: XRPLF/actions/print-build-env@59dec886e4afb05a1724443af08baccbc045b574
 
       - name: Get number of processors
         uses: XRPLF/actions/get-nproc@cf0433aa74563aead044a1e395610c96d65a37cf
@@ -143,15 +143,40 @@ jobs:
         working-directory: ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}
         env:
           BUILD_TYPE: ${{ inputs.build_type }}
-          SANITIZERS: ${{ inputs.sanitizers }}
           CMAKE_ARGS: ${{ inputs.cmake_args }}
         run: |
           cmake \
-            -G '${{ runner.os == 'Windows' && 'Visual Studio 17 2022' || 'Ninja' }}' \
-            -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE:FILEPATH=build/generators/conan_toolchain.cmake \
-            -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE="${BUILD_TYPE}" \
-            ${CMAKE_ARGS} \
-            ..
+              -G '${{ runner.os == 'Windows' && 'Visual Studio 17 2022' || 'Ninja' }}' \
+              -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE:FILEPATH=build/generators/conan_toolchain.cmake \
+              -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE="${BUILD_TYPE}" \
+              ${CMAKE_ARGS} \
+              ..
+
+      - name: Check protocol autogen files are up-to-date
+        working-directory: ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}
+        env:
+          MESSAGE: |
+
+            The generated protocol wrapper classes are out of date.
+
+            This typically happens when the macro files or generator scripts
+            have changed but the generated files were not regenerated.
+
+            To fix this:
+              1. Run: cmake --build . --target setup_code_gen
+              2. Run: cmake --build . --target code_gen
+              3. Commit and push the regenerated files
+        run: |
+          set -e
+          cmake --build . --target setup_code_gen
+          cmake --build . --target code_gen
+          DIFF=$(git -C .. status --porcelain -- include/xrpl/protocol_autogen src/tests/libxrpl/protocol_autogen)
+          if [ -n "${DIFF}" ]; then
+              echo "::error::Generated protocol files are out of date"
+              git -C .. diff -- include/xrpl/protocol_autogen src/tests/libxrpl/protocol_autogen
+              echo "${MESSAGE}"
+              exit 1
+          fi
 
       - name: Build the binary
         working-directory: ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}
@@ -161,62 +186,55 @@ jobs:
           CMAKE_TARGET: ${{ inputs.cmake_target }}
         run: |
           cmake \
-            --build . \
-            --config "${BUILD_TYPE}" \
-            --parallel "${BUILD_NPROC}" \
-            --target "${CMAKE_TARGET}"
-
-      - name: Check protocol autogen files are up-to-date
-        env:
-          MESSAGE: |
-
-            The generated protocol wrapper classes are out of date.
-
-            This typically happens when your branch is behind develop and
-            the macro files or generator scripts have changed.
-
-            To fix this:
-              1. Update your branch from develop (merge or rebase)
-              2. Build with code generation enabled (XRPL_NO_CODEGEN=OFF)
-              3. Commit and push the regenerated files
-        run: |
-          set -e
-          DIFF=$(git status --porcelain -- include/xrpl/protocol_autogen src/tests/libxrpl/protocol_autogen)
-          if [ -n "${DIFF}" ]; then
-            echo "::error::Generated protocol files are out of date"
-            git diff -- include/xrpl/protocol_autogen src/tests/libxrpl/protocol_autogen
-            echo "${MESSAGE}"
-            exit 1
-          fi
+              --build . \
+              --config "${BUILD_TYPE}" \
+              --parallel "${BUILD_NPROC}" \
+              --target "${CMAKE_TARGET}"
 
       - name: Show ccache statistics
         if: ${{ inputs.ccache_enabled }}
         run: |
           ccache --show-stats -vv
           if [ '${{ runner.debug }}' = '1' ]; then
-            cat "${CCACHE_LOGFILE}"
-            curl ${CCACHE_REMOTE_STORAGE%|*}/status || true
+              cat "${CCACHE_LOGFILE}"
+              curl ${CCACHE_REMOTE_STORAGE%|*}/status || true
           fi
 
       - name: Upload the binary (Linux)
-        if: ${{ github.repository == 'XRPLF/rippled' && runner.os == 'Linux' }}
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@bbbca2ddaa5d8feaa63e36b76fdaad77386f024f # v7.0.0
+        if: ${{ github.event.repository.visibility == 'public' && runner.os == 'Linux' }}
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
         with:
           name: xrpld-${{ inputs.config_name }}
           path: ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}/xrpld
           retention-days: 3
           if-no-files-found: error
 
+      - name: Export server definitions
+        if: ${{ runner.os != 'Windows' && !inputs.build_only && env.VOIDSTAR_ENABLED != 'true' }}
+        working-directory: ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}
+        run: |
+          set -o pipefail
+          ./xrpld --definitions | python3 -m json.tool >server_definitions.json
+
+      - name: Upload server definitions
+        if: ${{ github.event.repository.visibility == 'public' && inputs.config_name == 'debian-bookworm-gcc-13-amd64-release' }}
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
+        with:
+          name: server-definitions
+          path: ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}/server_definitions.json
+          retention-days: 3
+          if-no-files-found: error
+
       - name: Check linking (Linux)
         if: ${{ runner.os == 'Linux' && env.SANITIZERS_ENABLED == 'false' }}
         working-directory: ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}
         run: |
           ldd ./xrpld
           if [ "$(ldd ./xrpld | grep -E '(libstdc\+\+|libgcc)' | wc -l)" -eq 0 ]; then
-            echo 'The binary is statically linked.'
+              echo 'The binary is statically linked.'
           else
-            echo 'The binary is dynamically linked.'
-            exit 1
+              echo 'The binary is dynamically linked.'
+              exit 1
           fi
 
       - name: Verify presence of instrumentation (Linux)
@@ -232,12 +250,12 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           ASAN_OPTS="include=${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/sanitizers/suppressions/runtime-asan-options.txt:suppressions=${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/sanitizers/suppressions/asan.supp"
           if [[ "${CONFIG_NAME}" == *gcc* ]]; then
-            ASAN_OPTS="${ASAN_OPTS}:alloc_dealloc_mismatch=0"
+              ASAN_OPTS="${ASAN_OPTS}:alloc_dealloc_mismatch=0"
           fi
-          echo "ASAN_OPTIONS=${ASAN_OPTS}" >> ${GITHUB_ENV}
-          echo "TSAN_OPTIONS=include=${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/sanitizers/suppressions/runtime-tsan-options.txt:suppressions=${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/sanitizers/suppressions/tsan.supp" >> ${GITHUB_ENV}
-          echo "UBSAN_OPTIONS=include=${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/sanitizers/suppressions/runtime-ubsan-options.txt:suppressions=${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/sanitizers/suppressions/ubsan.supp" >> ${GITHUB_ENV}
-          echo "LSAN_OPTIONS=include=${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/sanitizers/suppressions/runtime-lsan-options.txt:suppressions=${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/sanitizers/suppressions/lsan.supp" >> ${GITHUB_ENV}
+          echo "ASAN_OPTIONS=${ASAN_OPTS}" >>${GITHUB_ENV}
+          echo "TSAN_OPTIONS=include=${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/sanitizers/suppressions/runtime-tsan-options.txt:suppressions=${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/sanitizers/suppressions/tsan.supp" >>${GITHUB_ENV}
+          echo "UBSAN_OPTIONS=include=${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/sanitizers/suppressions/runtime-ubsan-options.txt:suppressions=${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/sanitizers/suppressions/ubsan.supp" >>${GITHUB_ENV}
+          echo "LSAN_OPTIONS=include=${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/sanitizers/suppressions/runtime-lsan-options.txt:suppressions=${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/sanitizers/suppressions/lsan.supp" >>${GITHUB_ENV}
 
       - name: Run the separate tests
         if: ${{ !inputs.build_only }}
@@ -248,9 +266,9 @@ jobs:
           PARALLELISM: ${{ runner.os == 'Windows' && '1' || steps.nproc.outputs.nproc }}
         run: |
           ctest \
-            --output-on-failure \
-            -C "${BUILD_TYPE}" \
-            -j "${PARALLELISM}"
+              --output-on-failure \
+              -C "${BUILD_TYPE}" \
+              -j "${PARALLELISM}"
 
       - name: Run the embedded tests
         if: ${{ !inputs.build_only }}
@@ -260,20 +278,28 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           set -o pipefail
           # Coverage builds are slower due to instrumentation; use fewer parallel jobs to avoid flakiness
-          [ "$COVERAGE_ENABLED" = "true" ] && BUILD_NPROC=$(( BUILD_NPROC - 2 ))
+          [ "$COVERAGE_ENABLED" = "true" ] && BUILD_NPROC=$((BUILD_NPROC - 2))
           ./xrpld --unittest --unittest-jobs "${BUILD_NPROC}" 2>&1 | tee unittest.log
 
       - name: Show test failure summary
         if: ${{ failure() && !inputs.build_only }}
-        working-directory: ${{ runner.os == 'Windows' && format('{0}/{1}', env.BUILD_DIR, inputs.build_type) || env.BUILD_DIR }}
+        env:
+          WORKING_DIR: ${{ runner.os == 'Windows' && format('{0}\{1}', env.BUILD_DIR, inputs.build_type) || env.BUILD_DIR }}
         run: |
+          if [ ! -d "${WORKING_DIR}" ]; then
+              echo "Working directory '${WORKING_DIR}' does not exist."
+              exit 0
+          fi
+
+          cd "${WORKING_DIR}"
+
           if [ ! -f unittest.log ]; then
-            echo "unittest.log not found; embedded tests may not have run."
-            exit 0
+              echo "unittest.log not found; embedded tests may not have run."
+              exit 0
           fi
 
           if ! grep -E "failed" unittest.log; then
-            echo "Log present but no failure lines found in unittest.log."
+              echo "Log present but no failure lines found in unittest.log."
           fi
       - name: Debug failure (Linux)
         if: ${{ failure() && runner.os == 'Linux' && !inputs.build_only }}
@@ -291,14 +317,14 @@ jobs:
           BUILD_TYPE: ${{ inputs.build_type }}
         run: |
           cmake \
-            --build . \
-            --config "${BUILD_TYPE}" \
-            --parallel "${BUILD_NPROC}" \
-            --target coverage
+              --build . \
+              --config "${BUILD_TYPE}" \
+              --parallel "${BUILD_NPROC}" \
+              --target coverage
 
       - name: Upload coverage report
         if: ${{ github.repository == 'XRPLF/rippled' && !inputs.build_only && env.COVERAGE_ENABLED == 'true' }}
-        uses: codecov/codecov-action@1af58845a975a7985b0beb0cbe6fbbb71a41dbad # v5.5.3
+        uses: codecov/codecov-action@e79a6962e0d4c0c17b229090214935d2e33f8354 # v6.0.1
         with:
           disable_search: true
           disable_telem: true

.github/workflows/reusable-check-levelization.yml

@@ -38,9 +38,9 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           DIFF=$(git status --porcelain)
           if [ -n "${DIFF}" ]; then
-            # Print the differences to give the contributor a hint about what to
-            # expect when running levelization on their own machine.
-            git diff
-            echo "${MESSAGE}"
-            exit 1
+              # Print the differences to give the contributor a hint about what to
+              # expect when running levelization on their own machine.
+              git diff
+              echo "${MESSAGE}"
+              exit 1
           fi

.github/workflows/reusable-check-rename.yml

@@ -33,6 +33,8 @@ jobs:
         run: .github/scripts/rename/config.sh .
       - name: Check include guards
         run: .github/scripts/rename/include.sh .
+      - name: Check documentation
+        run: .github/scripts/rename/docs.sh .
       - name: Check for differences
         env:
           MESSAGE: |
@@ -46,9 +48,9 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           DIFF=$(git status --porcelain)
           if [ -n "${DIFF}" ]; then
-            # Print the differences to give the contributor a hint about what to
-            # expect when running the renaming scripts on their own machine.
-            git diff
-            echo "${MESSAGE}"
-            exit 1
+              # Print the differences to give the contributor a hint about what to
+              # expect when running the renaming scripts on their own machine.
+              git diff
+              echo "${MESSAGE}"
+              exit 1
           fi

.github/workflows/reusable-clang-tidy-files.yml

@@ -1,162 +0,0 @@
-name: Run clang-tidy on files
-
-on:
-  workflow_call:
-    inputs:
-      files:
-        description: "List of files to check (empty means check all files)"
-        type: string
-        default: ""
-      create_issue_on_failure:
-        description: "Whether to create an issue if the check failed"
-        type: boolean
-        default: false
-
-defaults:
-  run:
-    shell: bash
-
-env:
-  # Conan installs the generators in the build/generators directory, see the
-  # layout() method in conanfile.py. We then run CMake from the build directory.
-  BUILD_DIR: build
-  BUILD_TYPE: Release
-
-jobs:
-  run-clang-tidy:
-    name: Run clang tidy
-    runs-on: ["self-hosted", "Linux", "X64", "heavy"]
-    container: "ghcr.io/xrplf/ci/debian-trixie:clang-21-sha-53033a2"
-    permissions:
-      issues: write
-      contents: read
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
-
-      - name: Prepare runner
-        uses: XRPLF/actions/prepare-runner@2bbc2dc1abeec7bfaa886804ab86871ac201764e
-        with:
-          enable_ccache: false
-
-      - name: Print build environment
-        uses: ./.github/actions/print-env
-
-      - name: Get number of processors
-        uses: XRPLF/actions/get-nproc@cf0433aa74563aead044a1e395610c96d65a37cf
-        id: nproc
-
-      - name: Setup Conan
-        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-conan
-
-      - name: Build dependencies
-        uses: ./.github/actions/build-deps
-        with:
-          build_nproc: ${{ steps.nproc.outputs.nproc }}
-          build_type: ${{ env.BUILD_TYPE }}
-          log_verbosity: verbose
-
-      - name: Configure CMake
-        working-directory: ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}
-        run: |
-          cmake \
-            -G 'Ninja' \
-            -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE:FILEPATH=build/generators/conan_toolchain.cmake \
-            -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE="${BUILD_TYPE}" \
-            -Dtests=ON \
-            -Dwerr=ON \
-            -Dxrpld=ON \
-            ..
-
-      # clang-tidy needs headers generated from proto files
-      - name: Build libxrpl.libpb
-        working-directory: ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}
-        run: |
-          ninja -j ${{ steps.nproc.outputs.nproc }} xrpl.libpb
-
-      - name: Run clang tidy
-        id: run_clang_tidy
-        continue-on-error: true
-        env:
-          TARGETS: ${{ inputs.files != '' && inputs.files || 'src tests' }}
-        run: |
-          run-clang-tidy -j ${{ steps.nproc.outputs.nproc }} -p "${BUILD_DIR}" ${TARGETS} 2>&1 | tee clang-tidy-output.txt
-
-      - name: Upload clang-tidy output
-        if: steps.run_clang_tidy.outcome != 'success'
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@bbbca2ddaa5d8feaa63e36b76fdaad77386f024f # v7.0.0
-        with:
-          name: clang-tidy-results
-          path: clang-tidy-output.txt
-          retention-days: 30
-
-      - name: Create an issue
-        if: steps.run_clang_tidy.outcome != 'success' && inputs.create_issue_on_failure
-        id: create_issue
-        shell: bash
-        env:
-          GH_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
-        run: |
-          # Prepare issue body with clang-tidy output
-          cat > issue.md <<EOF
-          ## Clang-tidy Check Failed
-
-          **Workflow:** ${{ github.workflow }}
-          **Run ID:** ${{ github.run_id }}
-          **Commit:** ${{ github.sha }}
-          **Branch/Ref:** ${{ github.ref }}
-          **Triggered by:** ${{ github.actor }}
-
-          ### Clang-tidy Output:
-          \`\`\`
-          EOF
-
-          # Append clang-tidy output (filter for errors and warnings)
-          if [ -f clang-tidy-output.txt ]; then
-            # Extract lines containing 'error:', 'warning:', or 'note:'
-            grep -E '(error:|warning:|note:)' clang-tidy-output.txt > filtered-output.txt || true
-
-            # If filtered output is empty, use original (might be a different error format)
-            if [ ! -s filtered-output.txt ]; then
-              cp clang-tidy-output.txt filtered-output.txt
-            fi
-
-            # Truncate if too large
-            head -c 60000 filtered-output.txt >> issue.md
-            if [ "$(wc -c < filtered-output.txt)" -gt 60000 ]; then
-              echo "" >> issue.md
-              echo "... (output truncated, see artifacts for full output)" >> issue.md
-            fi
-
-            rm filtered-output.txt
-          else
-            echo "No output file found" >> issue.md
-          fi
-
-          cat >> issue.md <<EOF
-          \`\`\`
-
-          **Workflow run:** ${{ github.server_url }}/${{ github.repository }}/actions/runs/${{ github.run_id }}
-
-          ---
-          *This issue was automatically created by the clang-tidy workflow.*
-          EOF
-
-          # Create the issue
-          gh issue create \
-            --label "Bug,Clang-tidy" \
-            --title "Clang-tidy check failed" \
-            --body-file ./issue.md \
-            > create_issue.log
-
-          created_issue="$(sed 's|.*/||' create_issue.log)"
-          echo "created_issue=$created_issue" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-          echo "Created issue #$created_issue"
-
-          rm -f create_issue.log issue.md clang-tidy-output.txt
-
-      - name: Fail the workflow if clang-tidy failed
-        if: steps.run_clang_tidy.outcome != 'success'
-        run: |
-          echo "Clang-tidy check failed!"
-          exit 1

.github/workflows/reusable-clang-tidy.yml

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-name: Clang-tidy check
+name: Run clang-tidy on files
 
 on:
   workflow_call:
@@ -16,40 +16,175 @@ defaults:
   run:
     shell: bash
 
+env:
+  BUILD_DIR: build
+  BUILD_TYPE: Debug # Debug so that ASSERTS and such participate in clang-tidy check
+
+  OUTPUT_FILE: clang-tidy-output.txt
+  DIFF_FILE: clang-tidy-git-diff.txt
+  ISSUE_FILE: clang-tidy-issue.md
+
 jobs:
   determine-files:
-    name: Determine files to check
     if: ${{ inputs.check_only_changed }}
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    outputs:
-      clang_tidy_config_changed: ${{ steps.changed_clang_tidy.outputs.any_changed }}
-      any_cpp_changed: ${{ steps.changed_files.outputs.any_changed }}
-      all_changed_files: ${{ steps.changed_files.outputs.all_changed_files }}
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+    uses: XRPLF/actions/.github/workflows/determine-tidy-files.yml@224f3c48d3014d082a1129237b8291ff0b0a331f
+
+  run-clang-tidy:
+    name: Run clang tidy
+    needs: [determine-files]
+    if: ${{ always() && !cancelled() && (!inputs.check_only_changed || needs.determine-files.outputs.cpp_changed_files != '' || needs.determine-files.outputs.clang_tidy_config_changed == 'true') }}
+    runs-on: ["self-hosted", "Linux", "X64", "heavy"]
+    container: "ghcr.io/xrplf/ci/debian-trixie:clang-21-sha-53033a2"
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+      issues: write
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
         uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
 
-      - name: Get changed C++ files
-        id: changed_files
-        uses: tj-actions/changed-files@22103cc46bda19c2b464ffe86db46df6922fd323 # v47.0.5
+      - name: Prepare runner
+        uses: XRPLF/actions/prepare-runner@90f11ee655d1687824fb8793db770477d52afbab
         with:
-          files: |
-            **/*.cpp
-            **/*.h
-            **/*.ipp
-          separator: " "
+          enable_ccache: false
 
-      - name: Get changed clang-tidy configuration
-        id: changed_clang_tidy
-        uses: tj-actions/changed-files@22103cc46bda19c2b464ffe86db46df6922fd323 # v47.0.5
+      - name: Print build environment
+        uses: XRPLF/actions/print-build-env@59dec886e4afb05a1724443af08baccbc045b574
+
+      - name: Get number of processors
+        uses: XRPLF/actions/get-nproc@cf0433aa74563aead044a1e395610c96d65a37cf
+        id: nproc
+
+      - name: Setup Conan
+        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-conan
+
+      - name: Build dependencies
+        uses: ./.github/actions/build-deps
         with:
-          files: |
-            .clang-tidy
+          build_nproc: ${{ steps.nproc.outputs.nproc }}
+          build_type: ${{ env.BUILD_TYPE }}
+          log_verbosity: verbose
 
-  run-clang-tidy:
-    needs: [determine-files]
-    if: ${{ always() && !cancelled() && (!inputs.check_only_changed || needs.determine-files.outputs.any_cpp_changed == 'true' || needs.determine-files.outputs.clang_tidy_config_changed == 'true') }}
-    uses: ./.github/workflows/reusable-clang-tidy-files.yml
-    with:
-      files: ${{ (needs.determine-files.outputs.clang_tidy_config_changed != 'true' && inputs.check_only_changed) && needs.determine-files.outputs.all_changed_files || '' }}
-      create_issue_on_failure: ${{ inputs.create_issue_on_failure }}
+      - name: Configure CMake
+        working-directory: ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}
+        run: |
+          cmake \
+              -G 'Ninja' \
+              -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE:FILEPATH=build/generators/conan_toolchain.cmake \
+              -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE="${BUILD_TYPE}" \
+              -Dtests=ON \
+              -Dwerr=ON \
+              -Dxrpld=ON \
+              ..
+
+      # clang-tidy needs headers generated from proto files
+      - name: Build libxrpl.libpb
+        working-directory: ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}
+        run: |
+          ninja -j ${{ steps.nproc.outputs.nproc }} xrpl.libpb
+
+      - name: Run clang tidy
+        id: run_clang_tidy
+        continue-on-error: true
+        env:
+          TARGETS: ${{ (needs.determine-files.outputs.clang_tidy_config_changed != 'true' && inputs.check_only_changed) && needs.determine-files.outputs.cpp_changed_files || 'src tests' }}
+        run: |
+          set -o pipefail
+          run-clang-tidy -j ${{ steps.nproc.outputs.nproc }} -p "${BUILD_DIR}" -quiet -fix -allow-no-checks ${TARGETS} 2>&1 | tee "${OUTPUT_FILE}"
+
+      - name: Print errors
+        if: ${{ steps.run_clang_tidy.outcome != 'success' }}
+        run: |
+          sed '/error\||/!d' "${OUTPUT_FILE}"
+
+      - name: Upload clang-tidy output
+        if: ${{ github.event.repository.visibility == 'public' && steps.run_clang_tidy.outcome != 'success' }}
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
+        with:
+          path: ${{ env.OUTPUT_FILE }}
+          archive: false
+          retention-days: 30
+
+      - name: Check for changes
+        id: files_changed
+        continue-on-error: true
+        run: |
+          git diff --exit-code
+
+      - name: Fix style
+        if: ${{ steps.files_changed.outcome != 'success' }}
+        run: |
+          pre-commit run --all-files || true
+
+      - name: Generate git diff
+        if: ${{ steps.files_changed.outcome != 'success' }}
+        run: |
+          git diff | tee "${DIFF_FILE}"
+
+      - name: Upload clang-tidy diff output
+        if: ${{ github.event.repository.visibility == 'public' && steps.files_changed.outcome != 'success' }}
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
+        with:
+          path: ${{ env.DIFF_FILE }}
+          archive: false
+          retention-days: 30
+
+      - name: Write issue header
+        if: ${{ steps.run_clang_tidy.outcome != 'success' }}
+        run: |
+          cat >"${ISSUE_FILE}" <<EOF
+          ## Clang-tidy Check Failed
+
+          ### Clang-tidy Output:
+          \`\`\`
+          EOF
+
+      - name: Append clang-tidy output to issue body (filter for errors and warnings)
+        if: ${{ steps.run_clang_tidy.outcome != 'success' }}
+        run: |
+          if [ -f "${OUTPUT_FILE}" ]; then
+              # Extract lines containing 'error:', 'warning:', or 'note:'
+              grep -E '(error:|warning:|note:)' "${OUTPUT_FILE}" >filtered-output.txt || true
+
+              # If filtered output is empty, use original (might be a different error format)
+              if [ ! -s filtered-output.txt ]; then
+                  cp "${OUTPUT_FILE}" filtered-output.txt
+              fi
+
+              # Truncate if too large
+              head -c 60000 filtered-output.txt >>"${ISSUE_FILE}"
+              if [ "$(wc -c <filtered-output.txt)" -gt 60000 ]; then
+                  echo "" >>"${ISSUE_FILE}"
+                  echo "... (output truncated, see artifacts for full output)" >>"${ISSUE_FILE}"
+              fi
+
+              rm filtered-output.txt
+          else
+              echo "No output file found" >>"${ISSUE_FILE}"
+          fi
+
+      - name: Append issue footer
+        if: ${{ steps.run_clang_tidy.outcome != 'success' }}
+        run: |
+          cat >>"${ISSUE_FILE}" <<EOF
+          \`\`\`
+
+          ---
+          *This issue was automatically created by the clang-tidy workflow.*
+          EOF
+
+      - name: Create issue
+        if: ${{ steps.run_clang_tidy.outcome != 'success' && inputs.create_issue_on_failure }}
+        uses: XRPLF/actions/create-issue@2b8bc36af85b88bca0dd7bfac2e2dc05f94ad712
+        with:
+          title: "Clang-tidy check failed"
+          body_file: ${{ env.ISSUE_FILE }}
+          labels: "Bug,Clang-tidy"
+          assignees: "godexsoft,mathbunnyru"
+
+      - name: Fail if clang-tidy found issues
+        if: ${{ steps.run_clang_tidy.outcome != 'success' }}
+        run: |
+          echo "Clang-tidy check failed!"
+          exit 1

.github/workflows/reusable-package.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+# Build Linux packages (DEB and RPM) from pre-built binary artifacts.
+# Discovers which configurations to package from linux.json (os entries
+# with "package": true) and fans out one job per entry. Today only
+# linux/amd64 is emitted; the architecture is hardcoded both here
+# (runner) and in generate.py.
+name: Package
+
+on:
+  workflow_call:
+    inputs:
+      pkg_release:
+        description: "Package release number. Increment when repackaging the same executable."
+        required: false
+        type: string
+        default: "1"
+
+defaults:
+  run:
+    shell: bash
+
+env:
+  BUILD_DIR: build
+
+jobs:
+  generate-matrix:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    outputs:
+      matrix: ${{ steps.generate.outputs.matrix }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+
+      - name: Set up Python
+        uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405 # v6.2.0
+        with:
+          python-version: 3.13
+
+      - name: Generate packaging matrix
+        id: generate
+        working-directory: .github/scripts/strategy-matrix
+        run: |
+          ./generate.py --packaging --config=linux.json >>"${GITHUB_OUTPUT}"
+
+  generate-version:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    outputs:
+      version: ${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+        with:
+          sparse-checkout: |
+            .github/actions/generate-version
+            src/libxrpl/protocol/BuildInfo.cpp
+      - name: Generate version
+        id: version
+        uses: ./.github/actions/generate-version
+
+  package:
+    needs: [generate-matrix, generate-version]
+    if: ${{ github.event.repository.visibility == 'public' }}
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix: ${{ fromJson(needs.generate-matrix.outputs.matrix) }}
+    name: "${{ matrix.artifact_name }}"
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+    runs-on: ["self-hosted", "Linux", "X64", "heavy"]
+    container: ${{ format('ghcr.io/xrplf/ci/{0}-{1}:{2}-{3}-sha-{4}', matrix.os.distro_name, matrix.os.distro_version, matrix.os.compiler_name, matrix.os.compiler_version, matrix.os.image_sha) }}
+    timeout-minutes: 30
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+
+      - name: Download pre-built binary
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@3e5f45b2cfb9172054b4087a40e8e0b5a5461e7c # v8.0.1
+        with:
+          name: ${{ matrix.artifact_name }}
+          path: ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}
+
+      - name: Make binary executable
+        run: chmod +x "${BUILD_DIR}/xrpld"
+
+      - name: Build package
+        env:
+          PKG_VERSION: ${{ needs.generate-version.outputs.version }}
+          PKG_RELEASE: ${{ inputs.pkg_release }}
+        run: ./package/build_pkg.sh
+
+      - name: Upload package artifact
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
+        with:
+          name: ${{ matrix.artifact_name }}-pkg-${{ needs.generate-version.outputs.version }}
+          path: |
+            ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}/debbuild/*.deb
+            ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}/debbuild/*.ddeb
+            ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}/rpmbuild/RPMS/**/*.rpm
+          if-no-files-found: error

.github/workflows/reusable-strategy-matrix.yml

@@ -42,4 +42,4 @@ jobs:
         env:
           GENERATE_CONFIG: ${{ inputs.os != '' && format('--config={0}.json', inputs.os) || '' }}
           GENERATE_OPTION: ${{ inputs.strategy_matrix == 'all' && '--all' || '' }}
-        run: ./generate.py ${GENERATE_OPTION} ${GENERATE_CONFIG} >> "${GITHUB_OUTPUT}"
+        run: ./generate.py ${GENERATE_OPTION} ${GENERATE_CONFIG} >>"${GITHUB_OUTPUT}"

.github/workflows/upload-conan-deps.yml

@@ -70,12 +70,12 @@ jobs:
         uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
 
       - name: Prepare runner
-        uses: XRPLF/actions/prepare-runner@2bbc2dc1abeec7bfaa886804ab86871ac201764e
+        uses: XRPLF/actions/prepare-runner@90f11ee655d1687824fb8793db770477d52afbab
         with:
           enable_ccache: false
 
       - name: Print build environment
-        uses: ./.github/actions/print-env
+        uses: XRPLF/actions/print-build-env@59dec886e4afb05a1724443af08baccbc045b574
 
       - name: Get number of processors
         uses: XRPLF/actions/get-nproc@cf0433aa74563aead044a1e395610c96d65a37cf

.gitignore

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 Debug/
 Release/
 /.build/
+/.venv/
 /build/
 /db/
 /out.txt

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -17,38 +17,77 @@ repos:
         args: [--maxkb=400, --enforce-all]
       - id: trailing-whitespace
       - id: end-of-file-fixer
-      - id: mixed-line-ending
       - id: check-merge-conflict
         args: [--assume-in-merge]
 
+  - repo: local
+    hooks:
+      - id: clang-tidy
+        name: "clang-tidy (enable with: TIDY=1)"
+        entry: ./bin/pre-commit/clang_tidy_check.py
+        language: python
+        types_or: [c++, c]
+        exclude: ^include/xrpl/protocol_autogen
+        pass_filenames: false # script determines the staged files itself
+      - id: fix-include-style
+        name: fix include style
+        entry: ./bin/pre-commit/fix_include_style.py
+        language: python
+        types_or: [c++, c]
+        exclude: ^include/xrpl/protocol_autogen/(transactions|ledger_entries)/
+
   - repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/mirrors-clang-format
-    rev: cd481d7b0bfb5c7b3090c21846317f9a8262e891 # frozen: v22.1.0
+    rev: dd18dad857d6133e90bbe478f4f2f22ec0030269 # frozen: v22.1.5
     hooks:
       - id: clang-format
         args: [--style=file]
         "types_or": [c++, c, proto]
         exclude: ^include/xrpl/protocol_autogen/(transactions|ledger_entries)/
 
-  - repo: https://github.com/BlankSpruce/gersemi
-    rev: 0.26.0
+  - repo: https://github.com/BlankSpruce/gersemi-pre-commit
+    rev: faadd6a9d852369ca94f4d15b2404c967ba8cb01 # frozen: 0.27.6
     hooks:
       - id: gersemi
 
   - repo: https://github.com/rbubley/mirrors-prettier
-    rev: c2bc67fe8f8f549cc489e00ba8b45aa18ee713b1 # frozen: v3.8.1
+    rev: 515f543f5718ebfd6ce22e16708bb32c68ff96e1 # frozen: v3.8.3
     hooks:
       - id: prettier
+        args: [--end-of-line=auto]
 
   - repo: https://github.com/psf/black-pre-commit-mirror
-    rev: ea488cebbfd88a5f50b8bd95d5c829d0bb76feb8 # frozen: 26.1.0
+    rev: 4160603246a6b365d4a2af661c6d71b0a0f50478 # frozen: 26.5.1
     hooks:
       - id: black
 
+  - repo: https://github.com/scop/pre-commit-shfmt
+    rev: 05c1426671b9237fb5e1444dd63aa5731bec0dfb # frozen: v3.13.1-1
+    hooks:
+      - id: shfmt
+        args: [--write, --indent=4, --case-indent=true]
+
+  - repo: local
+    hooks:
+      - id: format-inline-bash-workflows
+        name: "format `run:` blocks in workflows/actions"
+        entry: ./.github/scripts/format-inline-bash.py
+        language: python
+        files: ^\.github/(workflows|actions)/.*\.ya?ml$
+      - id: format-inline-bash-markdown
+        name: "format ```bash blocks in markdown"
+        entry: ./.github/scripts/format-inline-bash.py
+        language: python
+        files: \.md$
+
   - repo: https://github.com/streetsidesoftware/cspell-cli
-    rev: a42085ade523f591dca134379a595e7859986445 # frozen: v9.7.0
+    rev: 4643f154907327ee0a2c7038f0296e0dd77d9776 # frozen: v10.0.0
     hooks:
       - id: cspell # Spell check changed files
-        exclude: (.config/cspell.config.yaml|^include/xrpl/protocol_autogen/(transactions|ledger_entries)/)
+        exclude: |
+          (?x)^(
+              .config/cspell.config.yaml|
+              include/xrpl/protocol_autogen/(transactions|ledger_entries)/.*
+          )$
       - id: cspell # Spell check the commit message
         name: check commit message spelling
         args:

API-CHANGELOG.md

@@ -4,23 +4,23 @@ This changelog is intended to list all updates to the [public API methods](https
 
 For info about how [API versioning](https://xrpl.org/request-formatting.html#api-versioning) works, including examples, please view the [XLS-22d spec](https://github.com/XRPLF/XRPL-Standards/discussions/54). For details about the implementation of API versioning, view the [implementation PR](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/3155). API versioning ensures existing integrations and users continue to receive existing behavior, while those that request a higher API version will experience new behavior.
 
-The API version controls the API behavior you see. This includes what properties you see in responses, what parameters you're permitted to send in requests, and so on. You specify the API version in each of your requests. When a breaking change is introduced to the `rippled` API, a new version is released. To avoid breaking your code, you should set (or increase) your version when you're ready to upgrade.
+The API version controls the API behavior you see. This includes what properties you see in responses, what parameters you're permitted to send in requests, and so on. You specify the API version in each of your requests. When a breaking change is introduced to the `xrpld` API, a new version is released. To avoid breaking your code, you should set (or increase) your version when you're ready to upgrade.
 
 The [commandline](https://xrpl.org/docs/references/http-websocket-apis/api-conventions/request-formatting/#commandline-format) always uses the latest API version. The command line is intended for ad-hoc usage by humans, not programs or automated scripts. The command line is not meant for use in production code.
 
-For a log of breaking changes, see the **API Version [number]** headings. In general, breaking changes are associated with a particular API Version number. For non-breaking changes, scroll to the **XRP Ledger version [x.y.z]** headings. Non-breaking changes are associated with a particular XRP Ledger (`rippled`) release.
+For a log of breaking changes, see the **API Version [number]** headings. In general, breaking changes are associated with a particular API Version number. For non-breaking changes, scroll to the **XRP Ledger version [x.y.z]** headings. Non-breaking changes are associated with a particular XRP Ledger (`xrpld`) release.
 
 ## API Version 3 (Beta)
 
-API version 3 is currently a beta API. It requires enabling `[beta_rpc_api]` in the rippled configuration to use. See [API-VERSION-3.md](API-VERSION-3.md) for the full list of changes in API version 3.
+API version 3 is currently a beta API. It requires enabling `[beta_rpc_api]` in the xrpld configuration to use. See [API-VERSION-3.md](API-VERSION-3.md) for the full list of changes in API version 3.
 
 ## API Version 2
 
-API version 2 is available in `rippled` version 2.0.0 and later. See [API-VERSION-2.md](API-VERSION-2.md) for the full list of changes in API version 2.
+API version 2 is available in `xrpld` version 2.0.0 and later. See [API-VERSION-2.md](API-VERSION-2.md) for the full list of changes in API version 2.
 
 ## API Version 1
 
-This version is supported by all `rippled` versions. For WebSocket and HTTP JSON-RPC requests, it is currently the default API version used when no `api_version` is specified.
+This version is supported by all `xrpld` versions. For WebSocket and HTTP JSON-RPC requests, it is currently the default API version used when no `api_version` is specified.
 
 ## Unreleased
 
@@ -28,6 +28,8 @@ This section contains changes targeting a future version.
 
 ### Additions
 
+- `ledger_entry`, `account_objects`: The `Delegate` ledger entry now includes an optional `DestinationNode` field, which stores the index into the authorized account's owner directory. This field is present on entries created after bidirectional directory tracking was introduced and may appear in RPC responses for those entries. ([#6681](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/6681))
+
 - `server_definitions`: Added the following new sections to the response ([#6321](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/6321)):
   - `TRANSACTION_FORMATS`: Describes the fields and their optionality for each transaction type, including common fields shared across all transactions.
   - `LEDGER_ENTRY_FORMATS`: Describes the fields and their optionality for each ledger entry type, including common fields shared across all ledger entries.
@@ -38,6 +40,16 @@ This section contains changes targeting a future version.
 ### Bugfixes
 
 - Peer Crawler: The `port` field in `overlay.active[]` now consistently returns an integer instead of a string for outbound peers. [#6318](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/6318)
+- `ping`: The `ip` field is no longer returned as an empty string for proxied connections without a forwarded-for header. It is now omitted, consistent with the behavior for identified connections. [#6730](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/6730)
+- gRPC `GetLedgerDiff`: Fixed error message that incorrectly said "base ledger not validated" when the desired ledger was not validated. [#6730](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/6730)
+- `account_channels`: The `destination_account` field now returns an error if the value is not a string. [#6529](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/6529)
+- `subscribe`: The `taker` field in the `books` array now returns an error if the value is not a string. [#6529](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/6529)
+- `account_info`: The `urlgravatar` field now uses HTTPS instead of HTTP. [#6529](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/6529)
+- `ledger`: The `full`, `accounts`, `transactions`, `expand`, `binary`, `owner_funds`, and `queue` fields now return an error if the value is not a boolean. [#6529](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/6529)
+- `ledger_data`: The `binary` field now returns an error if the value is not a boolean. [#6529](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/6529)
+- `submit`: The `fail_hard` field now returns an error if the value is not a boolean. [#6529](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/6529)
+- `subscribe`: The `taker` field in the `books` array now returns `actMalformed` instead of `badIssuer` if the value is not a valid account. [#6529](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/6529)
+- Fixed a bug in `Forwarded` HTTP header parsing where the extracted IP address could be incorrect when no comma or semicolon delimiter follows the address. This could cause the server to misidentify a client's IP address when operating behind a reverse proxy. [#6529](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/6529)
 
 ## XRP Ledger server version 3.1.0
 

API-VERSION-2.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # API Version 2
 
-API version 2 is available in `rippled` version 2.0.0 and later. To use this API, clients specify `"api_version" : 2` in each request.
+API version 2 is available in `xrpld` version 2.0.0 and later. To use this API, clients specify `"api_version" : 2` in each request.
 
 For info about how [API versioning](https://xrpl.org/request-formatting.html#api-versioning) works, including examples, please view the [XLS-22d spec](https://github.com/XRPLF/XRPL-Standards/discussions/54). For details about the implementation of API versioning, view the [implementation PR](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/3155). API versioning ensures existing integrations and users continue to receive existing behavior, while those that request a higher API version will experience new behavior.
 

API-VERSION-3.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # API Version 3
 
-API version 3 is currently a **beta API**. It requires enabling `[beta_rpc_api]` in the rippled configuration to use. To use this API, clients specify `"api_version" : 3` in each request.
+API version 3 is currently a **beta API**. It requires enabling `[beta_rpc_api]` in the xrpld configuration to use. To use this API, clients specify `"api_version" : 3` in each request.
 
 For info about how [API versioning](https://xrpl.org/request-formatting.html#api-versioning) works, including examples, please view the [XLS-22d spec](https://github.com/XRPLF/XRPL-Standards/discussions/54). For details about the implementation of API versioning, view the [implementation PR](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pull/3155). API versioning ensures existing integrations and users continue to receive existing behavior, while those that request a higher API version will experience new behavior.
 

BUILD.md

@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ Alternatively, you can pull our recipes from the repository and export them loca
 
 ```bash
 # Define which recipes to export.
-recipes=('abseil' 'ed25519' 'grpc' 'm4' 'mpt-crypto' 'nudb' 'openssl' 'secp256k1' 'snappy' 'soci' 'wasm-xrplf' 'wasmi')
+recipes=('abseil' 'ed25519' 'mpt-crypto' 'openssl' 'secp256k1' 'snappy' 'soci' 'wasm-xrplf' 'wasmi')
 
 # Selectively check out the recipes from our CCI fork.
 cd external
@@ -151,8 +151,8 @@ git init
 git remote add origin git@github.com:XRPLF/conan-center-index.git
 git sparse-checkout init
 for recipe in "${recipes[@]}"; do
-  echo "Checking out recipe '${recipe}'..."
-  git sparse-checkout add recipes/${recipe}
+    echo "Checking out recipe '${recipe}'..."
+    git sparse-checkout add recipes/${recipe}
 done
 git fetch origin master
 git checkout master
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ the new recipe will be automatically pulled from the official Conan Center.
 
 If you see an error similar to the following after running `conan profile show`:
 
-```bash
+```text
 ERROR: Invalid setting '17' is not a valid 'settings.compiler.version' value.
 Possible values are ['5.0', '5.1', '6.0', '6.1', '7.0', '7.3', '8.0', '8.1',
 '9.0', '9.1', '10.0', '11.0', '12.0', '13', '13.0', '13.1', '14', '14.0', '15',
@@ -427,16 +427,19 @@ install ccache --version 4.11.3 --allow-downgrade`.
    Single-config generators:
 
    ```
-   cmake --build .
+   cmake --build . --parallel N
    ```
 
    Multi-config generators:
 
    ```
-   cmake --build . --config Release
-   cmake --build . --config Debug
+   cmake --build . --config Release --parallel N
+   cmake --build . --config Debug --parallel N
    ```
 
+   Replace the `--parallel` parameter N with the desired number of parallel jobs. A common starting point is half of the number of available CPU
+   cores.
+
 5. Test xrpld.
 
    Single-config generators:
@@ -459,6 +462,21 @@ install ccache --version 4.11.3 --allow-downgrade`.
    The location of `xrpld` binary in your build directory depends on your
    CMake generator. Pass `--help` to see the rest of the command line options.
 
+## Code generation
+
+The protocol wrapper classes in `include/xrpl/protocol_autogen/` are generated
+from macro definition files in `include/xrpl/protocol/detail/`. If you modify
+the macro files (e.g. `transactions.macro`, `ledger_entries.macro`) or the
+generation scripts/templates in `cmake/scripts/codegen/`, you need to regenerate the
+files:
+
+```
+cmake --build . --target setup_code_gen  # create venv and install dependencies (once)
+cmake --build . --target code_gen        # regenerate code
+```
+
+The regenerated files should be committed alongside your changes.
+
 ## Coverage report
 
 The coverage report is intended for developers using compilers GCC
@@ -515,16 +533,16 @@ stored inside the build directory, as either of:
 ## Sanitizers
 
 To build dependencies and xrpld with sanitizer instrumentation, set the
-`SANITIZERS` environment variable (only once before running conan and cmake) and use the `sanitizers` profile in conan:
+`SANITIZERS` environment variable when running `conan install` and use the `sanitizers` profile:
 
 ```bash
 export SANITIZERS=address,undefinedbehavior
 
 conan install .. --output-folder . --profile:all sanitizers --build missing --settings build_type=Debug
-
-cmake -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE:FILEPATH=build/generators/conan_toolchain.cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug -Dxrpld=ON -Dtests=ON ..
 ```
 
+You can then build and test as usual, with the generated `xrpld` binary containing the sanitizer instrumentation. When you run it, it will report any sanitizer errors it detects in the console output.
+
 See [Sanitizers docs](./docs/build/sanitizers.md) for more details.
 
 ## Options
@@ -603,8 +621,8 @@ If you want to experiment with a new package, follow these steps:
      `default_options` property (with syntax `'$package:$option': $value`).
 3. Modify [`CMakeLists.txt`](./CMakeLists.txt):
    - Add a call to `find_package($package REQUIRED)`.
-   - Link a library from the package to the target `ripple_libs`
-     (search for the existing call to `target_link_libraries(ripple_libs INTERFACE ...)`).
+   - Link a library from the package to the target `xrpl_libs`
+     (search for the existing call to `target_link_libraries(xrpl_libs INTERFACE ...)`).
 4. Start coding! Don't forget to include whatever headers you need from the package.
 
 [1]: https://github.com/conan-io/conan-center-index/issues/13168

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -117,6 +117,18 @@ if(rocksdb)
     target_link_libraries(xrpl_libs INTERFACE RocksDB::rocksdb)
 endif()
 
+# OpenTelemetry distributed tracing (optional).
+# When ON, links against opentelemetry-cpp and defines XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY
+# so that SpanGuard factory methods produce real OTel spans.
+# When OFF (default), all tracing code compiles to no-ops with zero overhead.
+# Enable via: conan install -o telemetry=True, or cmake -Dtelemetry=ON.
+option(telemetry "Enable OpenTelemetry tracing" ON)
+if(telemetry)
+    find_package(opentelemetry-cpp CONFIG REQUIRED)
+    add_compile_definitions(XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY)
+    message(STATUS "OpenTelemetry tracing enabled")
+endif()
+
 # Work around changes to Conan recipe for now.
 if(TARGET nudb::core)
     set(nudb nudb::core)
@@ -132,7 +144,9 @@ if(coverage)
 endif()
 
 include(XrplCore)
+include(XrplProtocolAutogen)
 include(XrplInstall)
+include(XrplPackaging)
 include(XrplValidatorKeys)
 
 if(tests)

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -267,17 +267,37 @@ See the [environment setup guide](./docs/build/environment.md#clang-tidy) for pl
 
 Before running clang-tidy, you must build the project to generate required files (particularly protobuf headers). Refer to [`BUILD.md`](./BUILD.md) for build instructions.
 
+#### Via pre-commit (recommended)
+
+If you have already installed the pre-commit hooks (see above), you can run clang-tidy on your staged files using:
+
+```
+TIDY=1 pre-commit run clang-tidy
+```
+
+This runs clang-tidy locally with the same configuration/flags as CI, scoped to your staged C++ files. The `TIDY=1` environment variable is required to opt in — without it the hook is skipped.
+
+You can also have clang-tidy run automatically on every `git commit` by setting `TIDY=1` in your shell environment:
+
+```
+export TIDY=1
+```
+
+With this set, the hook will run as part of `git commit` alongside the other pre-commit checks.
+
+#### Manually
+
 Then run clang-tidy on your local changes:
 
 ```
-run-clang-tidy -p build src include tests
+run-clang-tidy -p build -allow-no-checks src tests
 ```
 
 This will check all source files in the `src`, `include` and `tests` directories using the compile commands from your `build` directory.
 If you wish to automatically fix whatever clang-tidy finds _and_ is capable of fixing, add `-fix` to the above command:
 
 ```
-run-clang-tidy -p build -fix src include tests
+run-clang-tidy -p build -quiet -fix -allow-no-checks src tests
 ```
 
 ## Contracts and instrumentation
@@ -328,8 +348,8 @@ For this reason:
 - Contract description for `UNREACHABLE` should describe the _unexpected_
   situation which caused the line to have been reached.
 - Example good name for an
-  `UNREACHABLE` macro `"Json::operator==(Value, Value) : invalid type"`; example
-  good name for an `XRPL_ASSERT` macro `"Json::Value::asCString : valid type"`.
+  `UNREACHABLE` macro `"json::operator==(Value, Value) : invalid type"`; example
+  good name for an `XRPL_ASSERT` macro `"json::Value::asCString : valid type"`.
 - Example **bad** name
   `"RFC1751::insert(char* s, int x, int start, int length) : length is greater than or equal zero"`
   (missing namespace, unnecessary full function signature, description too verbose).
@@ -533,7 +553,7 @@ All releases, including release candidates and betas, are handled
 differently from typical PRs. Most importantly, never use
 the Github UI to merge a release.
 
-Rippled uses a linear workflow model that can be summarized as:
+Xrpld uses a linear workflow model that can be summarized as:
 
 1. In between releases, developers work against the `develop` branch.
 2. Periodically, a maintainer will build and tag a beta version from

OpenTelemetryPlan/00-tracing-fundamentals.md

@@ -0,0 +1,567 @@
+# Distributed Tracing Fundamentals
+
+> **Parent Document**: [OpenTelemetryPlan.md](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)
+> **Next**: [Architecture Analysis](./01-architecture-analysis.md)
+
+---
+
+## What is Distributed Tracing?
+
+Distributed tracing is a method for tracking data objects as they flow through distributed systems. In a network like XRP Ledger, a single transaction touches multiple independent nodes—each with no shared memory or logging. Distributed tracing connects these dots.
+
+**Without tracing:** You see isolated logs on each node with no way to correlate them.
+
+**With tracing:** You see the complete journey of a transaction or an event across all nodes it touched.
+
+---
+
+## Actors and Actions at a Glance
+
+### Actors
+
+| Who (Plain English)                            | Technical Term  |
+| ---------------------------------------------- | --------------- |
+| A single unit of work being tracked            | Span            |
+| The complete journey of a request              | Trace           |
+| Data that links spans across services          | Trace Context   |
+| Code that creates spans and propagates context | Instrumentation |
+| Service that receives and processes traces     | Collector       |
+| Storage and visualization system               | Backend (Tempo) |
+| Decision logic for which traces to keep        | Sampler         |
+
+### Actions
+
+| What Happens (Plain English)            | Technical Term          |
+| --------------------------------------- | ----------------------- |
+| Start tracking a new operation          | Create a Span           |
+| Connect a child operation to its parent | Set `parent_span_id`    |
+| Group all related operations together   | Share a `trace_id`      |
+| Pass tracking data between services     | Context Propagation     |
+| Decide whether to record a trace        | Sampling (Head or Tail) |
+| Send completed traces to storage        | Export (OTLP)           |
+
+---
+
+## Core Concepts
+
+### 1. Trace
+
+A **trace** represents the entire journey of a request through the system. It has a unique `trace_id` that stays constant across all nodes.
+
+```
+Trace ID: abc123
+├── Node A: received transaction
+├── Node B: relayed transaction
+├── Node C: included in consensus
+└── Node D: applied to ledger
+```
+
+### 2. Span
+
+A **span** represents a single unit of work within a trace. Each span has:
+
+| Attribute        | Description                      | Example                    |
+| ---------------- | -------------------------------- | -------------------------- |
+| `trace_id`       | Identifies the trace             | `event123`                 |
+| `span_id`        | Unique identifier                | `span456`                  |
+| `parent_span_id` | Parent span (if any)             | `p_span123`                |
+| `name`           | Operation name                   | `rpc.submit`               |
+| `start_time`     | When work began (local time)     | `2024-01-15T10:30:00Z`     |
+| `end_time`       | When work completed (local time) | `2024-01-15T10:30:00.050Z` |
+| `attributes`     | Key-value metadata               | `tx.hash=ABC...`           |
+| `status`         | OK, ERROR MSG                    | `OK`                       |
+
+### 3. Trace Context
+
+**Trace context** is the data that propagates between services to link spans together. It contains:
+
+- `trace_id` - The trace this span belongs to
+- `span_id` - The current span (becomes parent for child spans)
+- `trace_flags` - Sampling decisions
+
+---
+
+## How Spans Form a Trace
+
+Spans have parent-child relationships forming a tree structure:
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph trace["Trace: abc123"]
+        A["tx.submit<br/>span_id: 001<br/>50ms"] --> B["tx.validate<br/>span_id: 002<br/>5ms"]
+        A --> C["tx.relay<br/>span_id: 003<br/>10ms"]
+        A --> D["tx.apply<br/>span_id: 004<br/>30ms"]
+        D --> E["ledger.update<br/>span_id: 005<br/>20ms"]
+    end
+
+    style A fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#ffffff
+    style B fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#ffffff
+    style C fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#ffffff
+    style D fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#ffffff
+    style E fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#ffffff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **tx.submit (blue, root)**: The top-level span representing the entire transaction submission; all other spans are its descendants.
+- **tx.validate, tx.relay, tx.apply (green)**: Direct children of tx.submit, representing the three main stages -- validation, relay to peers, and application to the ledger.
+- **ledger.update (red)**: A grandchild span nested under tx.apply, representing the actual ledger state mutation triggered by applying the transaction.
+- **Arrows (parent to child)**: Each arrow indicates a parent-child span relationship where the parent's completion depends on the child finishing.
+
+The same trace visualized as a **timeline (Gantt chart)**:
+
+```
+Time →   0ms    10ms    20ms    30ms    40ms    50ms
+         ├───────────────────────────────────────────┤
+tx.submit│▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓│
+         ├─────┤
+tx.valid │▓▓▓▓▓│
+         │     ├──────────┤
+tx.relay │     │▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓│
+         │               ├────────────────────────────┤
+tx.apply │               │▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓│
+         │                         ├──────────────────┤
+ledger   │                         │▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓▓│
+```
+
+---
+
+## Span Relationships
+
+Spans don't always form simple parent-child trees. Distributed tracing defines several relationship types to capture different causal patterns:
+
+### 1. Parent-Child (ChildOf)
+
+The default relationship. The parent span **depends on** or **contains** the child span. The child runs within the scope of the parent.
+
+```
+tx.submit (parent)
+├── tx.validate (child)     ← parent waits for this
+├── tx.relay (child)        ← parent waits for this
+└── tx.apply (child)        ← parent waits for this
+```
+
+**When to use:** Synchronous calls, nested operations, any case where the parent's completion depends on the child.
+
+### 2. Follows-From
+
+A causal relationship where the first span **triggers** the second, but does **not wait** for it. The originator fires and moves on.
+
+```
+Time →
+
+tx.receive [=======]
+                     ↓ triggers (follows-from)
+              tx.relay   [===========]   ← runs independently
+```
+
+**When to use:** Asynchronous jobs, queued work, fire-and-forget patterns. For example, a node receives a transaction and queues it for relay — the relay span _follows from_ the receive span but the receiver doesn't wait for relaying to complete.
+
+> **OpenTracing** defined `FollowsFrom` as a first-class reference type alongside `ChildOf`.
+> **OpenTelemetry** represents this using **Span Links** with descriptive attributes instead (see below).
+
+### 3. Span Links (Cross-Trace and Non-Hierarchical)
+
+Links connect spans that are **causally related but not in a parent-child hierarchy**. Unlike parent-child, links can cross trace boundaries.
+
+```
+Trace A                          Trace B
+──────                           ──────
+batch.schedule                   batch.execute
+├─ item.enqueue (span X)    ┌──► process.item
+├─ item.enqueue (span Y) ───┤    (links to X, Y, Z)
+├─ item.enqueue (span Z)    └──►
+```
+
+**Use cases:**
+
+| Pattern              | Description                                                                 |
+| -------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Batch processing** | A batch span links back to all individual spans that contributed to it      |
+| **Fan-in**           | An aggregation span links to the multiple producer spans it merges          |
+| **Fan-out**          | Multiple downstream spans link back to the single span that triggered them  |
+| **Async handoff**    | A deferred job links back to the request that queued it (follows-from)      |
+| **Cross-trace**      | Correlating spans across independent traces (e.g., retries, related events) |
+
+**Link structure:** Each link carries the target span's context plus optional attributes:
+
+```
+Link {
+    trace_id:   <target trace>
+    span_id:    <target span>
+    attributes: { "link.description": "triggered by batch scheduler" }
+}
+```
+
+### Relationship Summary
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart LR
+    subgraph parent_child["Parent-Child"]
+        direction TB
+        P["Parent"] --> C["Child"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph follows_from["Follows-From"]
+        direction TB
+        A["Span A"] -.->|triggers| B["Span B"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph links["Span Links"]
+        direction TB
+        X["Span X\n(Trace 1)"] -.-|link| Y["Span Y\n(Trace 2)"]
+    end
+
+    parent_child ~~~ follows_from ~~~ links
+
+    style P fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#ffffff
+    style C fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#ffffff
+    style A fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#ffffff
+    style B fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#ffffff
+    style X fill:#4a148c,stroke:#38006b,color:#ffffff
+    style Y fill:#4a148c,stroke:#38006b,color:#ffffff
+```
+
+| Relationship     | Same Trace? | Dependency?                | OTel Mechanism    |
+| ---------------- | ----------- | -------------------------- | ----------------- |
+| **Parent-Child** | Yes         | Parent depends on child    | `parent_span_id`  |
+| **Follows-From** | Usually     | Causal but no dependency   | Link + attributes |
+| **Span Link**    | Either      | Correlation, no dependency | Link + attributes |
+
+---
+
+## Trace ID Generation
+
+A `trace_id` is a 128-bit (16-byte) identifier that groups all spans belonging to one logical operation. How it's generated determines how easily you can find and correlate traces later.
+
+### General Approaches
+
+#### 1. Random (W3C Default)
+
+Generate a random 128-bit ID when a trace starts. Standard approach for most services.
+
+```
+trace_id = random_128_bits()
+```
+
+| Pros                        | Cons                                          |
+| --------------------------- | --------------------------------------------- |
+| Simple, standard            | No natural correlation to domain events       |
+| Guaranteed unique per trace | If propagation is lost, trace is broken       |
+| Works with all OTel tooling | "Find trace for TX abc" requires index lookup |
+
+#### 2. Deterministic (Derived from Domain Data)
+
+Compute the trace_id from a hash of a natural identifier. Every node independently derives the **same** trace_id for the same event.
+
+```
+trace_id = SHA-256(domain_identifier)[0:16]   // truncate to 128 bits
+```
+
+| Pros                                                | Cons                                                       |
+| --------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------- |
+| Propagation-resilient — same ID computed everywhere | Same event processed twice (retry) shares trace_id         |
+| Natural search — domain ID maps directly to trace   | Non-standard (tooling assumes random)                      |
+| No coordination needed between nodes                | 256→128 bit truncation (collision risk negligible at ~2⁶⁴) |
+
+#### 3. Hybrid (Deterministic Prefix + Random Suffix)
+
+First 8 bytes derived from domain data, last 8 bytes random.
+
+```
+trace_id = SHA-256(domain_identifier)[0:8] || random_64_bits()
+```
+
+| Pros                                        | Cons                                     |
+| ------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------- |
+| Prefix search: "find all traces for TX abc" | Must propagate to maintain full trace_id |
+| Unique per processing instance              | More complex generation logic            |
+| Retries get distinct trace_ids              | Partial correlation only (prefix match)  |
+
+### XRPL Workflow Analysis
+
+XRPL has a unique advantage: its core workflows produce **globally unique 256-bit hashes** that are known on every node. This makes deterministic trace_id generation practical in ways most systems can't achieve.
+
+#### Natural Identifiers by Workflow
+
+| Workflow            | Natural Identifier                | Size       | Known at Start?               | Same on All Nodes?               |
+| ------------------- | --------------------------------- | ---------- | ----------------------------- | -------------------------------- |
+| **Transaction**     | Transaction hash (`tid_`)         | 256-bit    | Yes — computed before signing | Yes — hash of canonical tx data  |
+| **Consensus round** | Previous ledger hash + ledger seq | 256+32 bit | Yes — known when round opens  | Yes — all validators agree       |
+| **Validation**      | Ledger hash being validated       | 256-bit    | Yes — from consensus result   | Yes — same closed ledger         |
+| **Ledger catch-up** | Target ledger hash                | 256-bit    | Yes — we know what to fetch   | Yes — identifies ledger globally |
+
+#### Where These Identifiers Live in Code
+
+```
+Transaction:     STTx::getTransactionID()     → uint256 tid_
+                 TMTransaction::rawTransaction → recompute hash from bytes
+
+Consensus:       ConsensusProposal::prevLedger_ → uint256 (previous ledger hash)
+                 ConsensusProposal::position_   → uint256 (TxSet hash)
+                 LedgerHeader::seq              → uint32_t (ledger sequence)
+
+Validation:      STValidation::getLedgerHash()  → uint256
+                 STValidation::getNodeID()      → NodeID (160-bit)
+
+Ledger fetch:    InboundLedger constructor      → uint256 hash, uint32_t seq
+                 TMGetLedger::ledgerHash        → bytes (uint256)
+```
+
+### Recommended Strategy: Workflow-Scoped Deterministic
+
+Each workflow type derives its trace_id from its natural domain identifier:
+
+```
+Transaction trace:   trace_id = SHA-256("tx"    || tx_hash)[0:16]
+Consensus trace:     trace_id = SHA-256("cons"  || prev_ledger_hash || ledger_seq)[0:16]
+Ledger catch-up:     trace_id = SHA-256("fetch" || target_ledger_hash)[0:16]
+```
+
+The string prefix (`"tx"`, `"cons"`, `"fetch"`) prevents collisions between workflows that might share underlying hashes.
+
+**Why this works for XRPL:**
+
+1. **Propagation-resilient** — Even if a P2P message drops trace context, every node independently computes the same trace_id from the same tx_hash or ledger_hash. Spans still correlate.
+
+2. **Zero-cost search** — "Show me the trace for transaction ABC" becomes a direct lookup: compute `SHA-256("tx" || ABC)[0:16]` and query. No secondary index needed.
+
+3. **Cross-workflow linking via Span Links** — A consensus trace links to individual transaction traces. A validation span links to the consensus trace. This connects the full picture without forcing everything into one giant trace.
+
+### Cross-Workflow Correlation
+
+Each workflow gets its own trace. Span Links tie them together:
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph tx_trace["Transaction Trace"]
+        direction LR
+        Tn["trace_id = f(tx_hash)"]:::note --> T1["tx.receive"] --> T2["tx.validate"] --> T3["tx.relay"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph cons_trace["Consensus Trace"]
+        direction LR
+        Cn["trace_id = f(prev_ledger, seq)"]:::note --> C1["cons.open"] --> C2["cons.propose"] --> C3["cons.accept"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph val_trace["Validation"]
+        direction LR
+        Vn["spans within consensus trace"]:::note --> V1["val.create"] --> V2["val.broadcast"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph fetch_trace["Catch-Up Trace"]
+        direction LR
+        Fn["trace_id = f(ledger_hash)"]:::note --> F1["fetch.request"] --> F2["fetch.receive"] --> F3["fetch.apply"]
+    end
+
+    C1 -.-|"span link\n(tx traces)"| T3
+    C3 --> V1
+    F1 -.-|"span link\n(target ledger)"| C3
+
+    classDef note fill:none,stroke:#888,stroke-dasharray:5 5,color:#333,font-style:italic
+    style T1 fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#ffffff
+    style T2 fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#ffffff
+    style T3 fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#ffffff
+    style C1 fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#ffffff
+    style C2 fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#ffffff
+    style C3 fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#ffffff
+    style V1 fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#ffffff
+    style V2 fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#ffffff
+    style F1 fill:#4a148c,stroke:#38006b,color:#ffffff
+    style F2 fill:#4a148c,stroke:#38006b,color:#ffffff
+    style F3 fill:#4a148c,stroke:#38006b,color:#ffffff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **Transaction Trace (blue)**: An independent trace whose `trace_id` is deterministically derived from the transaction hash. Contains receive, validate, and relay spans.
+- **Consensus Trace (green)**: An independent trace whose `trace_id` is derived from the previous ledger hash and sequence number. Covers the open, propose, and accept phases.
+- **Validation (red)**: Validation spans live within the consensus trace (not a separate trace). They are created after the accept phase completes.
+- **Catch-Up Trace (purple)**: An independent trace for ledger acquisition, derived from the target ledger hash. Used when a node is behind and fetching missing ledgers.
+- **Dotted arrows (span links)**: Cross-trace correlations. Consensus links to transaction traces it included; catch-up links to the consensus trace that produced the target ledger.
+- **Solid arrow (C3 to V1)**: A parent-child relationship -- validation spans are direct children of the consensus accept span within the same trace.
+
+**How a query flows:**
+
+```
+"Why was TX abc slow?"
+  1. Compute trace_id = SHA-256("tx" || abc)[0:16]
+  2. Find transaction trace → see it was included in consensus round N
+  3. Follow span link → consensus trace for round N
+  4. See which phase was slow (propose? accept?)
+  5. If a node was catching up, follow link → catch-up trace
+```
+
+### Trade-offs to Consider
+
+| Concern                       | Mitigation                                                                                                                    |
+| ----------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Retries get same trace_id** | Add `attempt` attribute to root span; spans have unique span_ids and timestamps                                               |
+| **256→128 bit truncation**    | Birthday-bound collision at ~2⁶⁴ operations — negligible for XRPL's throughput                                                |
+| **Non-standard generation**   | OTel spec allows any 16-byte non-zero value; tooling works on the hex string                                                  |
+| **Hash computation cost**     | SHA-256 is ~0.3μs per call; XRPL already computes these hashes for other purposes                                             |
+| **Late-binding identifiers**  | Ledger hash isn't known until after consensus — validation spans use ledger_seq as fallback, then link to the consensus trace |
+
+---
+
+## Distributed Traces Across Nodes
+
+In distributed systems like xrpld, traces span **multiple independent nodes**. The trace context must be propagated in network messages:
+
+```mermaid
+sequenceDiagram
+    participant Client
+    participant NodeA as Node A
+    participant NodeB as Node B
+    participant NodeC as Node C
+
+    Client->>NodeA: Submit TX<br/>(no trace context)
+
+    Note over NodeA: Creates new trace<br/>trace_id: abc123<br/>span: tx.receive
+
+    NodeA->>NodeB: Relay TX<br/>(trace_id: abc123, parent: 001)
+
+    Note over NodeB: Creates child span<br/>span: tx.relay<br/>parent_span_id: 001
+
+    NodeA->>NodeC: Relay TX<br/>(trace_id: abc123, parent: 001)
+
+    Note over NodeC: Creates child span<br/>span: tx.relay<br/>parent_span_id: 001
+
+    Note over NodeA,NodeC: All spans share trace_id: abc123<br/>enabling correlation across nodes
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **Client**: The external entity that submits a transaction. It does not carry trace context -- the trace originates at the first node.
+- **Node A**: The entry point that creates a new trace (trace_id: abc123) and the root span `tx.receive`. It relays the transaction to peers with trace context attached.
+- **Node B and Node C**: Peer nodes that receive the relayed transaction along with the propagated trace context. Each creates a child span under Node A's span, preserving the same `trace_id`.
+- **Arrows with trace context**: The relay messages carry `trace_id` and `parent_span_id`, allowing each downstream node to link its spans back to the originating span on Node A.
+
+---
+
+## Context Propagation
+
+For traces to work across nodes, **trace context must be propagated** in messages.
+
+### What's in the Context (~26 bytes)
+
+| Field         | Size     | Description                                             |
+| ------------- | -------- | ------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `trace_id`    | 16 bytes | Identifies the entire trace (constant across all nodes) |
+| `span_id`     | 8 bytes  | The sender's current span (becomes parent on receiver)  |
+| `trace_flags` | 1 byte   | Sampling decision (bit 0 = sampled; bits 1-7 reserved)  |
+| `trace_state` | variable | Optional vendor-specific data (typically omitted)       |
+
+### How span_id Changes at Each Hop
+
+Only **one** `span_id` travels in the context - the sender's current span. Each node:
+
+1. Extracts the received `span_id` and uses it as the `parent_span_id`
+2. Creates a **new** `span_id` for its own span
+3. Sends its own `span_id` as the parent when forwarding
+
+```
+Node A                      Node B                      Node C
+──────                      ──────                      ──────
+
+Span AAA                    Span BBB                    Span CCC
+   │                           │                           │
+   ▼                           ▼                           ▼
+Context out:                Context out:                Context out:
+├─ trace_id: abc123         ├─ trace_id: abc123         ├─ trace_id: abc123
+├─ span_id: AAA ──────────► ├─ span_id: BBB ──────────► ├─ span_id: CCC ──────►
+└─ flags: 01                └─ flags: 01                └─ flags: 01
+                               │                           │
+                          parent = AAA               parent = BBB
+```
+
+The `trace_id` stays constant, but `span_id` **changes at every hop** to maintain the parent-child chain.
+
+### Propagation Formats
+
+There are two patterns:
+
+### HTTP/RPC Headers (W3C Trace Context)
+
+```
+traceparent: 00-4bf92f3577b34da6a3ce929d0e0e4736-00f067aa0ba902b7-01
+             │  │                                │                │
+             │  │                                │                └── Flags (sampled)
+             │  │                                └── Parent span ID (16 hex)
+             │  └── Trace ID (32 hex)
+             └── Version
+```
+
+### Protocol Buffers (xrpld P2P messages)
+
+```protobuf
+message TMTransaction {
+    bytes rawTransaction = 1;
+    // ... existing fields ...
+
+    // Trace context extension
+    bytes trace_parent = 100;  // W3C traceparent
+    bytes trace_state = 101;   // W3C tracestate
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+## Sampling
+
+Not every trace needs to be recorded. **Sampling** reduces overhead:
+
+### Head Sampling (at trace start)
+
+```
+Request arrives → Random 10% chance → Record or skip entire trace
+```
+
+- ✅ Low overhead
+- ❌ May miss interesting traces
+
+### Tail Sampling (after trace completes)
+
+```
+Trace completes → Collector evaluates:
+                  - Error? → KEEP
+                  - Slow? → KEEP
+                  - Normal? → Sample 10%
+```
+
+- ✅ Never loses important traces
+- ❌ Higher memory usage at collector
+
+---
+
+## Key Benefits for xrpld
+
+| Challenge                          | How Tracing Helps                        |
+| ---------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------- |
+| "Where is my transaction?"         | Follow trace across all nodes it touched |
+| "Why was consensus slow?"          | See timing breakdown of each phase       |
+| "Which node is the bottleneck?"    | Compare span durations across nodes      |
+| "What happened during the outage?" | Correlate errors across the network      |
+
+---
+
+## Glossary
+
+| Term                 | Definition                                                          |
+| -------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Trace**            | Complete journey of a request, identified by `trace_id`             |
+| **Span**             | Single operation within a trace                                     |
+| **Parent-Child**     | Span relationship where the parent depends on the child             |
+| **Follows-From**     | Causal relationship where originator doesn't wait for the result    |
+| **Span Link**        | Non-hierarchical connection between spans, possibly across traces   |
+| **Deterministic ID** | Trace ID derived from domain data (e.g., tx_hash) instead of random |
+| **Context**          | Data propagated between services (`trace_id`, `span_id`, flags)     |
+| **Instrumentation**  | Code that creates spans and propagates context                      |
+| **Collector**        | Service that receives, processes, and exports traces                |
+| **Backend**          | Storage/visualization system (Tempo)                                |
+| **Head Sampling**    | Sampling decision at trace start                                    |
+| **Tail Sampling**    | Sampling decision after trace completes                             |
+
+---
+
+_Next: [Architecture Analysis](./01-architecture-analysis.md)_ | _Back to: [Overview](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)_

OpenTelemetryPlan/01-architecture-analysis.md

@@ -0,0 +1,467 @@
+# Architecture Analysis
+
+> **Parent Document**: [OpenTelemetryPlan.md](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)
+> **Related**: [Design Decisions](./02-design-decisions.md) | [Implementation Strategy](./03-implementation-strategy.md)
+
+---
+
+## 1.1 Current xrpld Architecture Overview
+
+> **WS** = WebSocket | **UNL** = Unique Node List | **TxQ** = Transaction Queue | **StatsD** = Statistics Daemon
+
+The xrpld node software consists of several interconnected components that need instrumentation for distributed tracing:
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph xrpld["xrpld Node"]
+        subgraph services["Core Services"]
+            RPC["RPC Server<br/>(HTTP/WS/gRPC)"]
+            Overlay["Overlay<br/>(P2P Network)"]
+            Consensus["Consensus<br/>(RCLConsensus)"]
+            ValidatorList["ValidatorList<br/>(UNL Mgmt)"]
+        end
+
+        JobQueue["JobQueue<br/>(Thread Pool)"]
+
+        subgraph processing["Processing Layer"]
+            NetworkOPs["NetworkOPs<br/>(Tx Processing)"]
+            LedgerMaster["LedgerMaster<br/>(Ledger Mgmt)"]
+            NodeStore["NodeStore<br/>(Database)"]
+            InboundLedgers["InboundLedgers<br/>(Ledger Sync)"]
+        end
+
+        subgraph appservices["Application Services"]
+            PathFind["PathFinding<br/>(Payment Paths)"]
+            TxQ["TxQ<br/>(Fee Escalation)"]
+            LoadMgr["LoadManager<br/>(Fee/Load)"]
+        end
+
+        subgraph observability["Existing Observability"]
+            PerfLog["PerfLog<br/>(JSON)"]
+            Insight["Insight<br/>(StatsD)"]
+            Logging["Logging<br/>(Journal)"]
+        end
+
+        services --> JobQueue
+        JobQueue --> processing
+        JobQueue --> appservices
+    end
+
+    style xrpld fill:#424242,stroke:#212121,color:#ffffff
+    style services fill:#1565c0,stroke:#0d47a1,color:#ffffff
+    style processing fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#ffffff
+    style appservices fill:#6a1b9a,stroke:#4a148c,color:#ffffff
+    style observability fill:#e65100,stroke:#bf360c,color:#ffffff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **Core Services (blue)**: The entry points into xrpld -- RPC Server handles client requests, Overlay manages peer-to-peer networking, Consensus drives agreement, and ValidatorList manages trusted validators.
+- **JobQueue (center)**: The asynchronous thread pool that decouples Core Services from the Processing and Application layers. All work flows through it.
+- **Processing Layer (green)**: Core business logic -- NetworkOPs processes transactions, LedgerMaster manages ledger state, NodeStore handles persistence, and InboundLedgers synchronizes missing data.
+- **Application Services (purple)**: Higher-level features -- PathFinding computes payment routes, TxQ manages fee-based queuing, and LoadManager tracks server load.
+- **Existing Observability (orange)**: The current monitoring stack (PerfLog, Insight, Journal logging) that OpenTelemetry will complement, not replace.
+- **Arrows (Services to JobQueue to layers)**: Work originates at Core Services, is enqueued onto the JobQueue, and dispatched to Processing or Application layers for execution.
+
+---
+
+## 1.1.1 Actors and Actions
+
+### Actors
+
+| Who (Plain English)                       | Technical Term             |
+| ----------------------------------------- | -------------------------- |
+| Network node running XRPL software        | xrpld node                 |
+| External client submitting requests       | RPC Client                 |
+| Network neighbor sharing data             | Peer (PeerImp)             |
+| Request handler for client queries        | RPC Server (ServerHandler) |
+| Command executor for specific RPC methods | RPCHandler                 |
+| Agreement process between nodes           | Consensus (RCLConsensus)   |
+| Transaction processing coordinator        | NetworkOPs                 |
+| Background task scheduler                 | JobQueue                   |
+| Ledger state manager                      | LedgerMaster               |
+| Payment route calculator                  | PathFinding (Pathfinder)   |
+| Transaction waiting room                  | TxQ (Transaction Queue)    |
+| Fee adjustment system                     | LoadManager                |
+| Trusted validator list manager            | ValidatorList              |
+| Protocol upgrade tracker                  | AmendmentTable             |
+| Ledger state hash tree                    | SHAMap                     |
+| Persistent key-value storage              | NodeStore                  |
+
+### Actions
+
+| What Happens (Plain English)                   | Technical Term         |
+| ---------------------------------------------- | ---------------------- |
+| Client sends a request to a node               | `rpc.request`          |
+| Node executes a specific RPC command           | `rpc.command.*`        |
+| Node receives a transaction from a peer        | `tx.receive`           |
+| Node checks if a transaction is valid          | `tx.validate`          |
+| Node forwards a transaction to neighbors       | `tx.relay`             |
+| Nodes agree on which transactions to include   | `consensus.round`      |
+| Consensus progresses through phases            | `consensus.phase.*`    |
+| Node builds a new confirmed ledger             | `ledger.build`         |
+| Node fetches missing ledger data from peers    | `ledger.acquire`       |
+| Node computes payment routes                   | `pathfind.compute`     |
+| Node queues a transaction for later processing | `txq.enqueue`          |
+| Node increases fees due to high load           | `fee.escalate`         |
+| Node fetches the latest trusted validator list | `validator.list.fetch` |
+| Node votes on a protocol amendment             | `amendment.vote`       |
+| Node synchronizes state tree data              | `shamap.sync`          |
+
+---
+
+## 1.2 Key Components for Instrumentation
+
+> **TxQ** = Transaction Queue | **UNL** = Unique Node List
+
+| Component          | Location                                   | Purpose                  | Trace Value                      |
+| ------------------ | ------------------------------------------ | ------------------------ | -------------------------------- |
+| **Overlay**        | `src/xrpld/overlay/`                       | P2P communication        | Message propagation timing       |
+| **PeerImp**        | `src/xrpld/overlay/detail/PeerImp.cpp`     | Individual peer handling | Per-peer latency                 |
+| **RCLConsensus**   | `src/xrpld/app/consensus/RCLConsensus.cpp` | Consensus algorithm      | Round timing, phase analysis     |
+| **NetworkOPs**     | `src/xrpld/app/misc/NetworkOPs.cpp`        | Transaction processing   | Tx lifecycle tracking            |
+| **ServerHandler**  | `src/xrpld/rpc/detail/ServerHandler.cpp`   | RPC entry point          | Request latency                  |
+| **RPCHandler**     | `src/xrpld/rpc/detail/RPCHandler.cpp`      | Command execution        | Per-command timing               |
+| **JobQueue**       | `src/xrpl/core/JobQueue.h`                 | Async task execution     | Queue wait times                 |
+| **PathFinding**    | `src/xrpld/app/paths/`                     | Payment path computation | Path latency, cache hits         |
+| **TxQ**            | `src/xrpld/app/misc/TxQ.cpp`               | Transaction queue/fees   | Queue depth, eviction rates      |
+| **LoadManager**    | `src/xrpld/app/main/LoadManager.cpp`       | Fee escalation/load      | Fee levels, load factors         |
+| **InboundLedgers** | `src/xrpld/app/ledger/InboundLedgers.cpp`  | Ledger acquisition       | Sync time, peer reliability      |
+| **ValidatorList**  | `src/xrpld/app/misc/ValidatorList.cpp`     | UNL management           | List freshness, fetch failures   |
+| **AmendmentTable** | `src/xrpld/app/misc/AmendmentTable.cpp`    | Protocol amendments      | Voting status, activation events |
+| **SHAMap**         | `src/xrpld/shamap/`                        | State hash tree          | Sync speed, missing nodes        |
+
+---
+
+## 1.3 Transaction Flow Diagram
+
+Transaction flow spans multiple nodes in the network. Each node creates linked spans to form a distributed trace:
+
+```mermaid
+sequenceDiagram
+    participant Client
+    participant PeerA as Peer A (Receive)
+    participant PeerB as Peer B (Relay)
+    participant PeerC as Peer C (Validate)
+
+    Client->>PeerA: 1. Submit TX
+
+    rect rgb(230, 245, 255)
+        Note over PeerA: tx.receive SPAN START
+        PeerA->>PeerA: HashRouter Deduplication
+        PeerA->>PeerA: tx.validate (child span)
+    end
+
+    PeerA->>PeerB: 2. Relay TX (with trace ctx)
+
+    rect rgb(230, 245, 255)
+        Note over PeerB: tx.receive (linked span)
+    end
+
+    PeerB->>PeerC: 3. Relay TX
+
+    rect rgb(230, 245, 255)
+        Note over PeerC: tx.receive (linked span)
+        PeerC->>PeerC: tx.process
+    end
+
+    Note over Client,PeerC: DISTRIBUTED TRACE (same trace_id: abc123)
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **Client**: The external entity that submits a transaction to Peer A. It has no trace context -- the trace starts at the first node.
+- **Peer A (Receive)**: The entry node that creates the root span `tx.receive`, runs HashRouter deduplication to avoid processing duplicates, and creates a child `tx.validate` span.
+- **Peer A to Peer B arrow**: The relay message carries trace context (trace_id + parent span_id), enabling Peer B to create a linked span under the same trace.
+- **Peer B (Relay)**: Receives the transaction and trace context, creates a `tx.receive` span linked to Peer A's trace, then relays onward.
+- **Peer C (Validate)**: Final hop in this example. Creates a linked `tx.receive` span and runs `tx.process` to fully process the transaction.
+- **Blue rectangles**: Highlight the span boundaries on each node, showing where instrumentation creates and closes spans.
+
+### Trace Structure
+
+```
+trace_id: abc123
+├── span: tx.receive (Peer A)
+│   ├── span: tx.validate
+│   └── span: tx.relay
+├── span: tx.receive (Peer B) [parent: Peer A]
+│   └── span: tx.relay
+└── span: tx.receive (Peer C) [parent: Peer B]
+    └── span: tx.process
+```
+
+---
+
+## 1.4 Consensus Round Flow
+
+Consensus rounds are multi-phase operations that benefit significantly from tracing:
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph round["consensus.round (root span)"]
+        attrs["Attributes:<br/>xrpl.consensus.ledger.seq = 12345678<br/>xrpl.consensus.mode = proposing<br/>xrpl.consensus.proposers = 35"]
+
+        subgraph open["consensus.phase.open"]
+            open_desc["Duration: ~3s<br/>Waiting for transactions"]
+        end
+
+        subgraph establish["consensus.phase.establish"]
+            est_attrs["proposals_received = 28<br/>disputes_resolved = 3"]
+            est_children["├── consensus.proposal.receive (×28)<br/>├── consensus.proposal.send (×1)<br/>└── consensus.dispute.resolve (×3)"]
+        end
+
+        subgraph accept["consensus.phase.accept"]
+            acc_attrs["transactions_applied = 150<br/>ledger.hash = DEF456..."]
+            acc_children["├── ledger.build<br/>└── ledger.validate"]
+        end
+
+        attrs --> open
+        open --> establish
+        establish --> accept
+    end
+
+    style round fill:#f57f17,stroke:#e65100,color:#ffffff
+    style open fill:#1565c0,stroke:#0d47a1,color:#ffffff
+    style establish fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#ffffff
+    style accept fill:#c2185b,stroke:#880e4f,color:#ffffff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **consensus.round (orange, root span)**: The top-level span encompassing the entire consensus round, with attributes like ledger sequence, mode, and proposer count.
+- **consensus.phase.open (blue)**: The first phase where the node waits (~3s) to collect incoming transactions before proposing.
+- **consensus.phase.establish (green)**: The negotiation phase where validators exchange proposals, resolve disputes, and converge on a transaction set. Child spans track each proposal received/sent and each dispute resolved.
+- **consensus.phase.accept (pink)**: The final phase where the agreed transaction set is applied, a new ledger is built, and the ledger is validated. Child spans cover `ledger.build` and `ledger.validate`.
+- **Arrows (open to establish to accept)**: The sequential flow through the three consensus phases. Each phase must complete before the next begins.
+
+---
+
+## 1.5 RPC Request Flow
+
+> **WS** = WebSocket
+
+RPC requests support W3C Trace Context headers for distributed tracing across services:
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph request["rpc.request (root span)"]
+        http["HTTP Request — POST /<br/>traceparent:<br/>00-abc123...-def456...-01"]
+
+        attrs["Attributes:<br/>http.method = POST<br/>net.peer.ip = 192.168.1.100<br/>command = submit"]
+
+        subgraph enqueue["jobqueue.enqueue"]
+            job_attr["xrpl.job.type = jtCLIENT_RPC"]
+        end
+
+        subgraph command["rpc.command.submit"]
+            cmd_attrs["version = 2<br/>rpc_role = user"]
+            cmd_children["├── tx.deserialize<br/>├── tx.validate_local<br/>└── tx.submit_to_network"]
+        end
+
+        response["Response: 200 OK<br/>Duration: 45ms"]
+
+        http --> attrs
+        attrs --> enqueue
+        enqueue --> command
+        command --> response
+    end
+
+    style request fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#ffffff
+    style enqueue fill:#1565c0,stroke:#0d47a1,color:#ffffff
+    style command fill:#e65100,stroke:#bf360c,color:#ffffff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **rpc.request (green, root span)**: The outermost span representing the full RPC request lifecycle, from HTTP receipt to response. Carries the W3C `traceparent` header for distributed tracing.
+- **HTTP Request node**: Shows the incoming POST request with its `traceparent` header and extracted attributes (method, peer IP, command name).
+- **jobqueue.enqueue (blue)**: The span covering the asynchronous handoff from the RPC thread to the JobQueue worker thread. The trace context is preserved across this async boundary.
+- **rpc.command.submit (orange)**: The span for the actual command execution, with child spans for deserialization, local validation, and network submission.
+- **Response node**: The final output with HTTP status and total duration, marking the end of the root span.
+- **Arrows (top to bottom)**: The sequential processing pipeline -- receive request, extract attributes, enqueue job, execute command, return response.
+
+---
+
+## 1.6 Key Trace Points
+
+> **TxQ** = Transaction Queue
+
+The following table identifies priority instrumentation points across the codebase:
+
+| Category        | Span Name              | File                   | Method                  | Priority |
+| --------------- | ---------------------- | ---------------------- | ----------------------- | -------- |
+| **Transaction** | `tx.receive`           | `PeerImp.cpp`          | `handleTransaction()`   | High     |
+| **Transaction** | `tx.validate`          | `NetworkOPs.cpp`       | `processTransaction()`  | High     |
+| **Transaction** | `tx.process`           | `NetworkOPs.cpp`       | `doTransactionSync()`   | High     |
+| **Transaction** | `tx.relay`             | `OverlayImpl.cpp`      | `relay()`               | Medium   |
+| **Consensus**   | `consensus.round`      | `RCLConsensus.cpp`     | `startRound()`          | High     |
+| **Consensus**   | `consensus.phase.*`    | `Consensus.h`          | `timerEntry()`          | High     |
+| **Consensus**   | `consensus.proposal.*` | `RCLConsensus.cpp`     | `peerProposal()`        | Medium   |
+| **RPC**         | `rpc.request`          | `ServerHandler.cpp`    | `onRequest()`           | High     |
+| **RPC**         | `rpc.command.*`        | `RPCHandler.cpp`       | `doCommand()`           | High     |
+| **Peer**        | `peer.connect`         | `OverlayImpl.cpp`      | `onHandoff()`           | Low      |
+| **Peer**        | `peer.message.*`       | `PeerImp.cpp`          | `onMessage()`           | Low      |
+| **Ledger**      | `ledger.acquire`       | `InboundLedgers.cpp`   | `acquire()`             | Medium   |
+| **Ledger**      | `ledger.build`         | `RCLConsensus.cpp`     | `buildLCL()`            | High     |
+| **PathFinding** | `pathfind.request`     | `PathRequest.cpp`      | `doUpdate()`            | High     |
+| **PathFinding** | `pathfind.compute`     | `Pathfinder.cpp`       | `findPaths()`           | High     |
+| **TxQ**         | `txq.enqueue`          | `TxQ.cpp`              | `apply()`               | High     |
+| **TxQ**         | `txq.apply`            | `TxQ.cpp`              | `processClosedLedger()` | High     |
+| **Fee**         | `fee.escalate`         | `LoadManager.cpp`      | `raiseLocalFee()`       | Medium   |
+| **Ledger**      | `ledger.replay`        | `LedgerReplayer.h`     | `replay()`              | Medium   |
+| **Ledger**      | `ledger.delta`         | `LedgerDeltaAcquire.h` | `processData()`         | Medium   |
+| **Validator**   | `validator.list.fetch` | `ValidatorList.cpp`    | `verify()`              | Medium   |
+| **Validator**   | `validator.manifest`   | `Manifest.cpp`         | `applyManifest()`       | Low      |
+| **Amendment**   | `amendment.vote`       | `AmendmentTable.cpp`   | `doVoting()`            | Low      |
+| **SHAMap**      | `shamap.sync`          | `SHAMap.cpp`           | `fetchRoot()`           | Medium   |
+
+---
+
+## 1.7 Instrumentation Priority
+
+> **TxQ** = Transaction Queue
+
+```mermaid
+quadrantChart
+    title Instrumentation Priority Matrix
+    x-axis Low Complexity --> High Complexity
+    y-axis Low Value --> High Value
+    quadrant-1 Implement First
+    quadrant-2 Plan Carefully
+    quadrant-3 Quick Wins
+    quadrant-4 Consider Later
+
+    RPC Tracing: [0.2, 0.92]
+    Transaction Tracing: [0.55, 0.88]
+    Consensus Tracing: [0.78, 0.82]
+    PathFinding: [0.38, 0.75]
+    TxQ and Fees: [0.25, 0.65]
+    Ledger Sync: [0.62, 0.58]
+    Peer Message Tracing: [0.35, 0.25]
+    JobQueue Tracing: [0.2, 0.48]
+    Validator Mgmt: [0.48, 0.42]
+    Amendment Tracking: [0.15, 0.32]
+    SHAMap Operations: [0.72, 0.45]
+```
+
+---
+
+## 1.8 Observable Outcomes
+
+> **TxQ** = Transaction Queue | **UNL** = Unique Node List
+
+After implementing OpenTelemetry, operators and developers will gain visibility into the following:
+
+### 1.8.1 What You Will See: Traces
+
+| Trace Type                 | Description                                                                                 | Example Query in Grafana/Tempo                       |
+| -------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Transaction Lifecycle**  | Full journey from RPC submission through validation, relay, consensus, and ledger inclusion | `{service.name="xrpld" && xrpl.tx.hash="ABC123..."}` |
+| **Cross-Node Propagation** | Transaction path across multiple xrpld nodes with timing                                    | `{xrpl.tx.relay_count > 0}`                          |
+| **Consensus Rounds**       | Complete round with all phases (open, establish, accept)                                    | `{span.name=~"consensus.round.*"}`                   |
+| **RPC Request Processing** | Individual command execution with timing breakdown                                          | `{command="account_info"}`                           |
+| **Ledger Acquisition**     | Peer-to-peer ledger data requests and responses                                             | `{span.name="ledger.acquire"}`                       |
+| **PathFinding Latency**    | Path computation time and cache effectiveness for payment RPCs                              | `{span.name="pathfind.compute"}`                     |
+| **TxQ Behavior**           | Queue depth, eviction patterns, fee escalation during congestion                            | `{span.name=~"txq.*"}`                               |
+| **Ledger Sync**            | Full acquisition timeline including delta and transaction fetches                           | `{span.name=~"ledger.acquire.*"}`                    |
+| **Validator Health**       | UNL fetch success, manifest updates, stale list detection                                   | `{span.name=~"validator.*"}`                         |
+
+### 1.8.2 What You Will See: Metrics (Derived from Traces)
+
+| Metric                        | Description                             | Dashboard Panel             |
+| ----------------------------- | --------------------------------------- | --------------------------- |
+| **RPC Latency (p50/p95/p99)** | Response time distribution per command  | Heatmap by command          |
+| **Transaction Throughput**    | Transactions processed per second       | Time series graph           |
+| **Consensus Round Duration**  | Time to complete consensus phases       | Histogram                   |
+| **Cross-Node Latency**        | Time for transaction to reach N nodes   | Line chart with percentiles |
+| **Error Rate**                | Failed transactions/RPC calls by type   | Stacked bar chart           |
+| **PathFinding Latency**       | Path computation time per currency pair | Heatmap by currency         |
+| **TxQ Depth**                 | Queued transactions over time           | Time series with thresholds |
+| **Fee Escalation Level**      | Current fee multiplier                  | Gauge with alert thresholds |
+| **Ledger Sync Duration**      | Time to acquire missing ledgers         | Histogram                   |
+
+### 1.8.3 Concrete Dashboard Examples
+
+**Transaction Trace View (Tempo):**
+
+```
+┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│ Trace: abc123... (Transaction Submission)                    Duration: 847ms   │
+├────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
+│ ├── rpc.request [ServerHandler]                              ████░░░░░░  45ms  │
+│ │   └── rpc.command.submit [RPCHandler]                      ████░░░░░░  42ms  │
+│ │       └── tx.receive [NetworkOPs]                          ███░░░░░░░  35ms  │
+│ │           ├── tx.validate [TxQ]                            █░░░░░░░░░   8ms  │
+│ │           └── tx.relay [Overlay]                           ██░░░░░░░░  15ms  │
+│ │               ├── tx.receive [Node-B]                      █████░░░░░  52ms  │
+│ │               │   └── tx.relay [Node-B]                    ██░░░░░░░░  18ms  │
+│ │               └── tx.receive [Node-C]                      ██████░░░░  65ms  │
+│ └── consensus.round [RCLConsensus]                           ████████░░ 720ms  │
+│     ├── consensus.phase.open                                 ██░░░░░░░░ 180ms  │
+│     ├── consensus.phase.establish                            █████░░░░░ 480ms  │
+│     └── consensus.phase.accept                               █░░░░░░░░░  60ms  │
+└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
+```
+
+**RPC Performance Dashboard Panel:**
+
+```
+┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│ RPC Command Latency (Last 1 Hour)                           │
+├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
+│ Command          │ p50    │ p95    │ p99    │ Errors │ Rate │
+│──────────────────┼────────┼────────┼────────┼────────┼──────│
+│ account_info     │  12ms  │  45ms  │  89ms  │  0.1%  │ 150/s│
+│ submit           │  35ms  │ 120ms  │ 250ms  │  2.3%  │  45/s│
+│ ledger           │   8ms  │  25ms  │  55ms  │  0.0%  │  80/s│
+│ tx               │  15ms  │  50ms  │ 100ms  │  0.5%  │  60/s│
+│ server_info      │   5ms  │  12ms  │  20ms  │  0.0%  │ 200/s│
+└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
+```
+
+**Consensus Health Dashboard Panel:**
+
+```mermaid
+---
+config:
+    xyChart:
+        width: 1200
+        height: 400
+        plotReservedSpacePercent: 50
+        chartOrientation: vertical
+    themeVariables:
+        xyChart:
+            plotColorPalette: "#3498db"
+---
+xychart-beta
+    title "Consensus Round Duration (Last 24 Hours)"
+    x-axis "Time of Day (Hours)" [0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24]
+    y-axis "Duration (seconds)" 1 --> 5
+    line [2.1, 2.4, 2.8, 3.2, 3.8, 4.3, 4.5, 5.0, 4.7, 4.0, 3.2, 2.6, 2.0]
+```
+
+### 1.8.4 Operator Actionable Insights
+
+| Scenario                  | What You'll See                                                              | Action                                           |
+| ------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ |
+| **Slow RPC**              | Span showing which phase is slow (parsing, execution, serialization)         | Optimize specific code path                      |
+| **Transaction Stuck**     | Trace stops at validation; error attribute shows reason                      | Fix transaction parameters                       |
+| **Consensus Delay**       | Phase.establish taking too long; proposer attribute shows missing validators | Investigate network connectivity                 |
+| **Memory Spike**          | Large batch of spans correlating with memory increase                        | Tune batch_size or sampling                      |
+| **Network Partition**     | Traces missing cross-node links for specific peer                            | Check peer connectivity                          |
+| **Path Computation Slow** | pathfind.compute span shows high latency; cache miss rate in attributes      | Warm the RippleLineCache, check order book depth |
+| **TxQ Full**              | txq.enqueue spans show evictions; fee.escalate spans increasing              | Monitor fee levels, alert operators              |
+| **Ledger Sync Stalled**   | ledger.acquire spans timing out; peer reliability attributes show issues     | Check peer connectivity, add trusted peers       |
+| **UNL Stale**             | validator.list.fetch spans failing; last_update attribute aging              | Verify validator site URLs, check DNS            |
+
+### 1.8.5 Developer Debugging Workflow
+
+1. **Find Transaction**: Query by `xrpl.tx.hash` to get full trace
+2. **Identify Bottleneck**: Look at span durations to find slowest component
+3. **Check Attributes**: Review `xrpl.tx.validity`, `rpc_status` for errors
+4. **Correlate Logs**: Use `trace_id` to find related PerfLog entries
+5. **Compare Nodes**: Filter by `service.instance.id` to compare behavior across nodes
+
+---
+
+_Next: [Design Decisions](./02-design-decisions.md)_ | _Back to: [Overview](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)_

OpenTelemetryPlan/02-design-decisions.md

@@ -0,0 +1,633 @@
+# Design Decisions
+
+> **Parent Document**: [OpenTelemetryPlan.md](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)
+> **Related**: [Architecture Analysis](./01-architecture-analysis.md) | [Code Samples](./04-code-samples.md)
+
+---
+
+## 2.1 OpenTelemetry Components
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+### 2.1.1 SDK Selection
+
+**Primary Choice**: OpenTelemetry C++ SDK (`opentelemetry-cpp`)
+
+| Component                               | Purpose                | Required                  |
+| --------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------------- |
+| `opentelemetry-cpp::api`                | Tracing API headers    | Yes                       |
+| `opentelemetry-cpp::sdk`                | SDK implementation     | Yes                       |
+| `opentelemetry-cpp::ext`                | Extensions (exporters) | Yes                       |
+| `opentelemetry-cpp::otlp_http_exporter` | OTLP/HTTP export       | Yes (shipped in Phase 1b) |
+| `opentelemetry-cpp::otlp_grpc_exporter` | OTLP/gRPC export       | Future (not yet wired up) |
+
+### 2.1.2 Instrumentation Strategy
+
+**Manual Instrumentation** (recommended):
+
+| Approach   | Pros                                                            | Cons                                                    |
+| ---------- | --------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Manual** | Precise control, optimized placement, xrpld-specific attributes | More development effort                                 |
+| **Auto**   | Less code, automatic coverage                                   | Less control, potential overhead, limited customization |
+
+---
+
+## 2.2 Exporter Configuration
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph nodes["xrpld Nodes"]
+        node1["xrpld<br/>Node 1"]
+        node2["xrpld<br/>Node 2"]
+        node3["xrpld<br/>Node 3"]
+    end
+
+    collector["OpenTelemetry<br/>Collector<br/>(sidecar or standalone)"]
+
+    subgraph backends["Observability Backends"]
+        tempo["Tempo"]
+        elastic["Elastic<br/>APM"]
+    end
+
+    node1 -->|"OTLP/HTTP<br/>:4318"| collector
+    node2 -->|"OTLP/HTTP<br/>:4318"| collector
+    node3 -->|"OTLP/HTTP<br/>:4318"| collector
+
+    collector --> tempo
+    collector --> elastic
+
+    style nodes fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#ffffff
+    style backends fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#ffffff
+    style collector fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#ffffff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **xrpld Nodes (blue)**: The source of telemetry data. Each xrpld node exports spans via OTLP/HTTP on port 4318 (the only exporter shipped in Phase 1b).
+- **OpenTelemetry Collector (red)**: The central aggregation point that receives spans from all nodes. Can run as a sidecar (per-node) or standalone (shared). Handles batching, filtering, and routing.
+- **Observability Backends (green)**: The storage and visualization destinations. Tempo is the recommended backend for both development and production, and Elastic APM is an alternative. The Collector routes to one or more backends.
+- **Arrows (nodes to collector to backends)**: The data pipeline -- spans flow from nodes to the Collector over HTTP, then the Collector fans out to the configured backends.
+
+### 2.2.1 OTLP/HTTP (Shipped in Phase 1b)
+
+```cpp
+// Configuration for OTLP over HTTP (the only exporter currently wired up).
+namespace otlp = opentelemetry::exporter::otlp;
+
+otlp::OtlpHttpExporterOptions opts;
+opts.url = "http://localhost:4318/v1/traces";
+opts.content_type = otlp::HttpRequestContentType::kJson;  // or kBinary
+```
+
+### 2.2.2 OTLP/gRPC (Future Work — Planned Upgrade)
+
+OTLP/gRPC is planned as a future upgrade from the HTTP exporter. The gRPC
+transport offers lower per-span overhead and tighter back-pressure semantics
+than HTTP/JSON, making it attractive for production deployments once the HTTP
+path is validated in earlier phases.
+
+Required to land this upgrade:
+
+1. Add `opentelemetry-cpp::otlp_grpc_exporter` to the Conan recipe (the
+   dependency already exists but is not linked in Phase 1b builds).
+2. Extend `TelemetryConfig.cpp` to parse an `exporter` key (`otlp_http`
+   default, `otlp_grpc` opt-in) and a gRPC endpoint override.
+3. In `Telemetry::start()` branch on the parsed exporter type and construct
+   either `OtlpHttpExporterFactory::Create(httpOpts)` or
+   `OtlpGrpcExporterFactory::Create(grpcOpts)` accordingly.
+4. Update the runbook and dashboards to document the alternate port and TLS
+   settings.
+
+Example Phase 1b+ gRPC configuration (when wired up):
+
+```cpp
+// Configuration for OTLP over gRPC (future work).
+namespace otlp = opentelemetry::exporter::otlp;
+
+otlp::OtlpGrpcExporterOptions opts;
+opts.endpoint = "<otel-collector-host>:4317";
+opts.use_ssl_credentials = true;
+opts.ssl_credentials_cacert_path = "/path/to/ca.crt";
+```
+
+Until that work lands, `OtlpGrpcExporterOptions` is **not** used by any code
+path in Phase 1b through Phase 5.
+
+---
+
+## 2.3 Span Naming Conventions
+
+> **TxQ** = Transaction Queue | **UNL** = Unique Node List | **WS** = WebSocket
+
+### 2.3.1 Naming Schema
+
+```
+<component>.<operation>[.<sub-operation>]
+```
+
+**Examples**:
+
+- `tx.receive` - Transaction received from peer
+- `consensus.phase.establish` - Consensus establish phase
+- `rpc.command.server_info` - server_info RPC command
+
+### 2.3.2 Complete Span Catalog
+
+```yaml
+# Transaction Spans
+tx:
+  receive: "Transaction received from network"
+  validate: "Transaction signature/format validation"
+  process: "Full transaction processing"
+  relay: "Transaction relay to peers"
+  apply: "Apply transaction to ledger"
+
+# Consensus Spans
+consensus:
+  round: "Complete consensus round"
+  phase:
+    open: "Open phase - collecting transactions"
+    establish: "Establish phase - reaching agreement"
+    accept: "Accept phase - applying consensus"
+  proposal:
+    receive: "Receive peer proposal"
+    send: "Send our proposal"
+  validation:
+    receive: "Receive peer validation"
+    send: "Send our validation"
+
+# RPC Spans
+rpc:
+  request: "HTTP/WebSocket request handling"
+  command:
+    "*": "Specific RPC command (dynamic)"
+
+# Peer Spans
+peer:
+  connect: "Peer connection establishment"
+  disconnect: "Peer disconnection"
+  message:
+    send: "Send protocol message"
+    receive: "Receive protocol message"
+
+# Ledger Spans
+ledger:
+  acquire: "Ledger acquisition from network"
+  build: "Build new ledger"
+  validate: "Ledger validation"
+  close: "Close ledger"
+  replay: "Ledger replay executed"
+  delta: "Delta-based ledger acquired"
+
+# PathFinding Spans
+pathfind:
+  request: "Path request initiated"
+  compute: "Path computation executed"
+
+# TxQ Spans
+txq:
+  enqueue: "Transaction queued"
+  apply: "Queued transaction applied"
+
+# Fee/Load Spans
+fee:
+  escalate: "Fee escalation triggered"
+
+# Validator Spans
+validator:
+  list:
+    fetch: "UNL list fetched"
+  manifest: "Manifest update processed"
+
+# Amendment Spans
+amendment:
+  vote: "Amendment voting executed"
+
+# SHAMap Spans
+shamap:
+  sync: "State tree synchronization"
+
+# Job Spans
+job:
+  enqueue: "Job added to queue"
+  execute: "Job execution"
+```
+
+---
+
+## 2.4 Attribute Schema
+
+> **TxQ** = Transaction Queue | **UNL** = Unique Node List | **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+### 2.4.1 Resource Attributes (Set Once at Startup)
+
+```cpp
+// Standard OpenTelemetry semantic conventions
+resource::SemanticConventions::SERVICE_NAME        = "xrpld"
+resource::SemanticConventions::SERVICE_VERSION     = BuildInfo::getVersionString()
+resource::SemanticConventions::SERVICE_INSTANCE_ID = <node_public_key_base58>
+
+// Custom xrpld attributes
+"xrpl.network.id"      = <network_id>           // e.g., 0 for mainnet
+"xrpl.network.type"    = "mainnet" | "testnet" | "devnet" | "standalone"
+"xrpl.node.type"       = "validator" | "stock" | "reporting"
+"xrpl.node.cluster"    = <cluster_name>         // If clustered
+```
+
+### 2.4.2 Span Attributes by Category
+
+#### Transaction Attributes
+
+```cpp
+"xrpl.tx.hash"         = string   // Transaction hash (hex)
+"xrpl.tx.type"         = string   // "Payment", "OfferCreate", etc.
+"xrpl.tx.account"      = string   // Source account (redacted in prod)
+"xrpl.tx.sequence"     = int64    // Account sequence number
+"xrpl.tx.fee"          = int64    // Fee in drops
+"xrpl.tx.result"       = string   // "tesSUCCESS", "tecPATH_DRY", etc.
+"xrpl.tx.ledger_index" = int64    // Ledger containing transaction
+```
+
+#### Consensus Attributes
+
+```cpp
+"xrpl.consensus.round"          = int64    // Round number
+"xrpl.consensus.phase"          = string   // "open", "establish", "accept"
+"xrpl.consensus.mode"           = string   // "proposing", "observing", etc.
+"xrpl.consensus.proposers"      = int64    // Number of proposers
+"xrpl.consensus.ledger.prev"    = string   // Previous ledger hash
+"xrpl.consensus.ledger.seq"     = int64    // Ledger sequence
+"xrpl.consensus.tx_count"       = int64    // Transactions in consensus set
+"xrpl.consensus.duration_ms"    = float64  // Round duration
+```
+
+#### RPC Attributes
+
+```cpp
+"command"              = string   // Command name
+"version"              = int64    // API version
+"rpc_role"             = string   // "admin" or "user"
+"xrpl.rpc.params"      = string   // Sanitized parameters (optional, planned)
+```
+
+#### Peer & Message Attributes
+
+```cpp
+"xrpl.peer.id"            = string   // Peer public key (base58)
+"xrpl.peer.address"       = string   // IP:port
+"xrpl.peer.latency_ms"    = float64  // Measured latency
+"xrpl.peer.cluster"       = string   // Cluster name if clustered
+"xrpl.message.type"       = string   // Protocol message type name
+"xrpl.message.size_bytes" = int64    // Message size
+"xrpl.message.compressed" = bool     // Whether compressed
+```
+
+#### Ledger & Job Attributes
+
+```cpp
+"xrpl.ledger.hash"       = string   // Ledger hash
+"xrpl.ledger.index"      = int64    // Ledger sequence/index
+"xrpl.ledger.close_time" = int64    // Close time (epoch)
+"xrpl.ledger.tx_count"   = int64    // Transaction count
+"xrpl.job.type"          = string   // Job type name
+"xrpl.job.queue_ms"      = float64  // Time spent in queue
+"xrpl.job.worker"        = int64    // Worker thread ID
+```
+
+#### PathFinding Attributes
+
+```cpp
+"xrpl.pathfind.source_currency"  = string   // Source currency code
+"xrpl.pathfind.dest_currency"    = string   // Destination currency code
+"xrpl.pathfind.path_count"       = int64    // Number of paths found
+"xrpl.pathfind.cache_hit"        = bool     // RippleLineCache hit
+```
+
+#### TxQ Attributes
+
+```cpp
+"xrpl.txq.queue_depth"      = int64    // Current queue depth
+"xrpl.txq.fee_level"        = int64    // Fee level of transaction
+"xrpl.txq.eviction_reason"  = string   // Why transaction was evicted
+```
+
+#### Fee Attributes
+
+```cpp
+"xrpl.fee.load_factor"      = int64    // Current load factor
+"xrpl.fee.escalation_level" = int64    // Fee escalation multiplier
+```
+
+#### Validator Attributes
+
+```cpp
+"xrpl.validator.list_size"    = int64    // UNL size
+"xrpl.validator.list_age_sec" = int64    // Seconds since last update
+```
+
+#### Amendment Attributes
+
+```cpp
+"xrpl.amendment.name"         = string   // Amendment name
+"xrpl.amendment.status"       = string   // "enabled", "vetoed", "supported"
+```
+
+#### SHAMap Attributes
+
+```cpp
+"xrpl.shamap.type"            = string   // "transaction", "state", "account_state"
+"xrpl.shamap.missing_nodes"   = int64    // Number of missing nodes during sync
+"xrpl.shamap.duration_ms"     = float64  // Sync duration
+```
+
+### 2.4.3 Data Collection Summary
+
+The following table summarizes what data is collected by category:
+
+| Category        | Attributes Collected                                                   | Purpose                      |
+| --------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------- |
+| **Transaction** | `tx.hash`, `tx.type`, `tx.result`, `tx.fee`, `ledger_index`            | Trace transaction lifecycle  |
+| **Consensus**   | `round`, `phase`, `mode`, `proposers` (public keys), `duration_ms`     | Analyze consensus timing     |
+| **RPC**         | `command`, `version`, `status`, `duration_ms`                          | Monitor RPC performance      |
+| **Peer**        | `peer.id` (public key), `latency_ms`, `message.type`, `message.size`   | Network topology analysis    |
+| **Ledger**      | `ledger.hash`, `ledger.index`, `close_time`, `tx_count`                | Ledger progression tracking  |
+| **Job**         | `job.type`, `queue_ms`, `worker`                                       | JobQueue performance         |
+| **PathFinding** | `pathfind.source_currency`, `dest_currency`, `path_count`, `cache_hit` | Payment path analysis        |
+| **TxQ**         | `txq.queue_depth`, `fee_level`, `eviction_reason`                      | Queue depth and fee tracking |
+| **Fee**         | `fee.load_factor`, `escalation_level`                                  | Fee escalation monitoring    |
+| **Validator**   | `validator.list_size`, `list_age_sec`                                  | UNL health monitoring        |
+| **Amendment**   | `amendment.name`, `status`                                             | Protocol upgrade tracking    |
+| **SHAMap**      | `shamap.type`, `missing_nodes`, `duration_ms`                          | State tree sync performance  |
+
+### 2.4.4 Privacy & Sensitive Data Policy
+
+> **PII** = Personally Identifiable Information
+
+OpenTelemetry instrumentation is designed to collect **operational metadata only**, never sensitive content.
+
+#### Data NOT Collected
+
+The following data is explicitly **excluded** from telemetry collection:
+
+| Excluded Data           | Reason                                    |
+| ----------------------- | ----------------------------------------- |
+| **Private Keys**        | Never exposed; not relevant to tracing    |
+| **Account Balances**    | Financial data; privacy sensitive         |
+| **Transaction Amounts** | Financial data; privacy sensitive         |
+| **Raw TX Payloads**     | May contain sensitive memo/data fields    |
+| **Personal Data**       | No PII collected                          |
+| **IP Addresses**        | Configurable; excluded by default in prod |
+
+#### Privacy Protection Mechanisms
+
+| Mechanism                     | Description                                                               |
+| ----------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Account Hashing**           | `xrpl.tx.account` is hashed at collector level before storage             |
+| **Configurable Redaction**    | Sensitive fields can be excluded via `[telemetry]` config section         |
+| **Sampling**                  | Only 10% of traces recorded by default, reducing data exposure            |
+| **Local Control**             | Node operators have full control over what gets exported                  |
+| **No Raw Payloads**           | Transaction content is never recorded, only metadata (hash, type, result) |
+| **Collector-Level Filtering** | Additional redaction/hashing can be configured at OTel Collector          |
+
+#### Collector-Level Data Protection
+
+The OpenTelemetry Collector can be configured to hash or redact sensitive attributes before export:
+
+```yaml
+processors:
+  attributes:
+    actions:
+      # Hash account addresses before storage
+      - key: xrpl.tx.account
+        action: hash
+      # Remove IP addresses entirely
+      - key: xrpl.peer.address
+        action: delete
+      # Redact specific fields
+      - key: xrpl.rpc.params
+        action: delete
+```
+
+#### Configuration Options for Privacy
+
+In `xrpld.cfg`, operators can control data collection granularity:
+
+```ini
+[telemetry]
+enabled=1
+
+# Disable collection of specific components
+trace_transactions=1
+trace_consensus=1
+trace_rpc=1
+trace_peer=0          # Disable peer tracing (high volume, includes addresses)
+
+# Redact specific attributes
+redact_account=1      # Hash account addresses before export
+redact_peer_address=1 # Remove peer IP addresses
+```
+
+> **Note**: The `redact_account` configuration in `xrpld.cfg` controls SDK-level redaction before export, while collector-level filtering (see [Collector-Level Data Protection](#collector-level-data-protection) above) provides an additional defense-in-depth layer. Both can operate independently.
+
+> **Key Principle**: Telemetry collects **operational metadata** (timing, counts, hashes) — never **sensitive content** (keys, balances, amounts, raw payloads).
+
+---
+
+## 2.5 Context Propagation Design
+
+> **WS** = WebSocket
+
+### 2.5.1 Propagation Boundaries
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph http["HTTP/WebSocket (RPC)"]
+        w3c["W3C Trace Context Headers:<br/>traceparent:<br/>00-trace_id-span_id-flags<br/>tracestate: xrpld=..."]
+    end
+
+    subgraph protobuf["Protocol Buffers (P2P)"]
+        proto["message TraceContext {<br/>  bytes trace_id = 1;  // 16 bytes<br/>  bytes span_id = 2;   // 8 bytes<br/>  uint32 trace_flags = 3;<br/>  string trace_state = 4;<br/>}"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph jobqueue["JobQueue (Internal Async)"]
+        job["Context captured at job creation,<br/>restored at execution<br/><br/>class Job {<br/>  otel::context::Context<br/>    traceContext_;<br/>};"]
+    end
+
+    style http fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#ffffff
+    style protobuf fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#ffffff
+    style jobqueue fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#ffffff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **HTTP/WebSocket - RPC (blue)**: For client-facing RPC requests, trace context is propagated using the W3C `traceparent` header. This is the standard approach and works with any OTel-compatible client.
+- **Protocol Buffers - P2P (green)**: For peer-to-peer messages between xrpld nodes, trace context is embedded as a protobuf `TraceContext` message carrying trace_id, span_id, flags, and optional trace_state.
+- **JobQueue - Internal Async (red)**: For asynchronous work within a single node, the OTel context is captured when a job is created and restored when the job executes on a worker thread. This bridges the async gap so spans remain linked.
+
+---
+
+## 2.6 Integration with Existing Observability
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol | **WS** = WebSocket
+
+### 2.6.1 Existing Frameworks Comparison
+
+xrpld already has two observability mechanisms. OpenTelemetry complements (not replaces) them:
+
+| Aspect                | PerfLog                       | Beast Insight (StatsD)       | OpenTelemetry             |
+| --------------------- | ----------------------------- | ---------------------------- | ------------------------- |
+| **Type**              | Logging                       | Metrics                      | Distributed Tracing       |
+| **Data**              | JSON log entries              | Counters, gauges, histograms | Spans with context        |
+| **Scope**             | Single node                   | Single node                  | **Cross-node**            |
+| **Output**            | `perf.log` file               | StatsD server                | OTLP Collector            |
+| **Question answered** | "What happened on this node?" | "How many? How fast?"        | "What was the journey?"   |
+| **Correlation**       | By timestamp                  | By metric name               | By `trace_id`             |
+| **Overhead**          | Low (file I/O)                | Low (UDP packets)            | Low-Medium (configurable) |
+
+### 2.6.2 What Each Framework Does Best
+
+#### PerfLog
+
+- **Purpose**: Detailed local event logging for RPC and job execution
+- **Strengths**:
+  - Rich JSON output with timing data
+  - Already integrated in RPC handlers
+  - File-based, no external dependencies
+- **Limitations**:
+  - Single-node only (no cross-node correlation)
+  - No parent-child relationships between events
+  - Manual log parsing required
+
+```json
+// Example PerfLog entry
+{
+  "time": "2024-01-15T10:30:00.123Z",
+  "method": "submit",
+  "duration_us": 1523,
+  "result": "tesSUCCESS"
+}
+```
+
+#### Beast Insight (StatsD)
+
+- **Purpose**: Real-time metrics for monitoring dashboards
+- **Strengths**:
+  - Aggregated metrics (counters, gauges, histograms)
+  - Low overhead (UDP, fire-and-forget)
+  - Good for alerting thresholds
+- **Limitations**:
+  - No request-level detail
+  - No causal relationships
+  - Single-node perspective
+
+```cpp
+// Example StatsD usage in xrpld
+insight.increment("rpc.submit.count");
+insight.gauge("ledger.age", age);
+insight.timing("consensus.round", duration);
+```
+
+#### OpenTelemetry (NEW)
+
+- **Purpose**: Distributed request tracing across nodes
+- **Strengths**:
+  - **Cross-node correlation** via `trace_id`
+  - Parent-child span relationships
+  - Rich attributes per span
+  - Industry standard (CNCF)
+- **Limitations**:
+  - Requires collector infrastructure
+  - Higher complexity than logging
+
+```cpp
+// Example OpenTelemetry span
+auto span = telemetry.startSpan("tx.relay");
+span->SetAttribute("tx.hash", hash);
+span->SetAttribute("peer.id", peerId);
+// Span automatically linked to parent via context
+```
+
+### 2.6.3 When to Use Each
+
+| Scenario                                | PerfLog    | StatsD | OpenTelemetry |
+| --------------------------------------- | ---------- | ------ | ------------- |
+| "How many TXs per second?"              | ❌         | ✅     | ✅            |
+| "What's the p99 RPC latency?"           | ❌         | ✅     | ✅            |
+| "Why was this specific TX slow?"        | ⚠️ partial | ❌     | ✅            |
+| "Which node delayed consensus?"         | ❌         | ❌     | ✅            |
+| "What happened on node X at time T?"    | ✅         | ❌     | ✅            |
+| "Show me the TX journey across 5 nodes" | ❌         | ❌     | ✅            |
+
+### 2.6.4 Coexistence Strategy
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph xrpld["xrpld Process"]
+        perflog["PerfLog<br/>(JSON to file)"]
+        insight["Beast Insight<br/>(StatsD)"]
+        otel["OpenTelemetry<br/>(Tracing)"]
+    end
+
+    perflog --> perffile["perf.log"]
+    insight --> statsd["StatsD Server"]
+    otel --> collector["OTLP Collector"]
+
+    perffile --> grafana["Grafana<br/>(Unified UI)"]
+    statsd --> grafana
+    collector --> grafana
+
+    style xrpld fill:#212121,stroke:#0a0a0a,color:#ffffff
+    style grafana fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#ffffff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **xrpld Process (dark gray)**: The single xrpld node running all three observability frameworks side by side. Each framework operates independently with no interference.
+- **PerfLog to perf.log**: PerfLog writes JSON-formatted event logs to a local file. Grafana can ingest these via Loki or a file-based datasource.
+- **Beast Insight to StatsD Server**: Insight sends aggregated metrics (counters, gauges) over UDP to a StatsD server. Grafana reads from StatsD-compatible backends like Graphite or Prometheus (via StatsD exporter).
+- **OpenTelemetry to OTLP Collector**: OTel exports spans over OTLP/gRPC to a Collector, which then forwards to a trace backend (Tempo).
+- **Grafana (red, unified UI)**: All three data streams converge in Grafana, enabling operators to correlate logs, metrics, and traces in a single dashboard.
+
+### 2.6.5 Correlation with PerfLog
+
+Trace IDs can be correlated with existing PerfLog entries for comprehensive debugging:
+
+```cpp
+// In RPCHandler.cpp - correlate trace with PerfLog
+Status doCommand(RPC::JsonContext& context, Json::Value& result)
+{
+    // Start OpenTelemetry span
+    auto span = context.app.getTelemetry().startSpan(
+        "rpc.command." + context.method);
+
+    // Get trace ID for correlation
+    auto traceId = span->GetContext().trace_id().IsValid()
+        ? toHex(span->GetContext().trace_id())
+        : "";
+
+    // Use existing PerfLog with trace correlation
+    auto const curId = context.app.getPerfLog().currentId();
+    context.app.getPerfLog().rpcStart(context.method, curId);
+
+    // Future: Add trace ID to PerfLog entry
+    // context.app.getPerfLog().setTraceId(curId, traceId);
+
+    try {
+        auto ret = handler(context, result);
+        context.app.getPerfLog().rpcFinish(context.method, curId);
+        span->SetStatus(opentelemetry::trace::StatusCode::kOk);
+        return ret;
+    } catch (std::exception const& e) {
+        context.app.getPerfLog().rpcError(context.method, curId);
+        span->RecordException(e);
+        span->SetStatus(opentelemetry::trace::StatusCode::kError, e.what());
+        throw;
+    }
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+_Previous: [Architecture Analysis](./01-architecture-analysis.md)_ | _Next: [Implementation Strategy](./03-implementation-strategy.md)_ | _Back to: [Overview](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)_

OpenTelemetryPlan/03-implementation-strategy.md

@@ -0,0 +1,530 @@
+# Implementation Strategy
+
+> **Parent Document**: [OpenTelemetryPlan.md](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)
+> **Related**: [Code Samples](./04-code-samples.md) | [Configuration Reference](./05-configuration-reference.md)
+
+---
+
+## 3.1 Directory Structure
+
+The telemetry implementation follows xrpld's existing code organization pattern:
+
+```
+include/xrpl/
+├── telemetry/
+│   ├── Telemetry.h              # Main telemetry interface (global singleton)
+│   ├── TelemetryConfig.h        # Configuration structures
+│   ├── TraceContext.h           # Context propagation utilities
+│   ├── SpanGuard.h              # RAII span management with factory methods + discard()
+│   ├── DiscardFlag.h            # Thread-local discard flag
+│   └── SpanAttributes.h         # Attribute helper functions
+
+src/libxrpl/
+├── telemetry/
+│   ├── Telemetry.cpp            # Implementation + FilteringSpanProcessor
+│   ├── TelemetryConfig.cpp      # Config parsing
+│   ├── TraceContext.cpp         # Context serialization
+│   └── NullTelemetry.cpp        # No-op implementation
+```
+
+---
+
+## 3.2 Implementation Approach
+
+<div align="center">
+
+```mermaid
+%%{init: {'flowchart': {'nodeSpacing': 20, 'rankSpacing': 30}}}%%
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph phase1["Phase 1: Core"]
+        direction LR
+        sdk["SDK Integration"] ~~~ interface["Telemetry Interface"] ~~~ config["Configuration"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph phase2["Phase 2: RPC"]
+        direction LR
+        http["HTTP Context"] ~~~ rpc["RPC Handlers"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph phase3["Phase 3: P2P"]
+        direction LR
+        proto["Protobuf Context"] ~~~ tx["Transaction Relay"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph phase4["Phase 4: Consensus"]
+        direction LR
+        consensus["Consensus Rounds"] ~~~ proposals["Proposals"]
+    end
+
+    phase1 --> phase2 --> phase3 --> phase4
+
+    style phase1 fill:#1565c0,stroke:#0d47a1,color:#ffffff
+    style phase2 fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#ffffff
+    style phase3 fill:#e65100,stroke:#bf360c,color:#ffffff
+    style phase4 fill:#c2185b,stroke:#880e4f,color:#ffffff
+```
+
+</div>
+
+### Key Principles
+
+1. **Minimal Intrusion**: Instrumentation should not alter existing control flow
+2. **Zero-Cost When Disabled**: Use compile-time flags and no-op implementations
+3. **Backward Compatibility**: Protocol Buffer extensions use high field numbers
+4. **Graceful Degradation**: Tracing failures must not affect node operation
+
+---
+
+## 3.3 Performance Overhead Summary
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+| Metric        | Overhead   | Notes                                            |
+| ------------- | ---------- | ------------------------------------------------ |
+| CPU           | 1-3%       | Of per-transaction CPU cost (~200μs baseline)    |
+| Memory        | ~10 MB     | SDK statics + batch buffer + worker thread stack |
+| Network       | 10-50 KB/s | Compressed OTLP export to collector              |
+| Latency (p99) | <2%        | With proper sampling configuration               |
+
+---
+
+## 3.4 Detailed CPU Overhead Analysis
+
+### 3.4.1 Per-Operation Costs
+
+> **Note on hardware assumptions**: The costs below are based on the official OTel C++ SDK CI benchmarks
+> (969 runs on GitHub Actions 2-core shared runners). On production server hardware (3+ GHz Xeon),
+> expect costs at the **lower end** of each range (~30-50% improvement over CI hardware).
+
+| Operation             | Time (ns) | Frequency              | Impact     |
+| --------------------- | --------- | ---------------------- | ---------- |
+| Span creation         | 500-1000  | Every traced operation | Low        |
+| Span end              | 100-200   | Every traced operation | Low        |
+| SetAttribute (string) | 80-120    | 3-5 per span           | Low        |
+| SetAttribute (int)    | 40-60     | 2-3 per span           | Negligible |
+| AddEvent              | 100-200   | 0-2 per span           | Low        |
+| Context injection     | 150-250   | Per outgoing message   | Low        |
+| Context extraction    | 100-180   | Per incoming message   | Low        |
+| GetCurrent context    | 10-20     | Thread-local access    | Negligible |
+
+**Source**: Span creation based on OTel C++ SDK `BM_SpanCreation` benchmark (AlwaysOnSampler +
+SimpleSpanProcessor + InMemoryExporter), median ~1,000 ns on CI hardware. AddEvent includes
+timestamp read + string copy + vector push + mutex acquisition. Context injection/extraction
+confirmed by `BM_SpanCreationWithScope` benchmark delta (~160 ns).
+
+### 3.4.2 Transaction Processing Overhead
+
+<div align="center">
+
+```mermaid
+%%{init: {'pie': {'textPosition': 0.75}}}%%
+pie showData
+    "tx.receive (1400ns)" : 1400
+    "tx.validate (1200ns)" : 1200
+    "tx.relay (1200ns)" : 1200
+    "Context inject (200ns)" : 200
+```
+
+**Transaction Tracing Overhead (~4.0μs total)**
+
+</div>
+
+**Overhead percentage**: 4.0 μs / 200 μs (avg tx processing) = **~2.0%**
+
+> **Breakdown**: Each span (tx.receive, tx.validate, tx.relay) costs ~1,000 ns for creation plus
+> ~200-400 ns for 3-5 attribute sets. Context injection is ~200 ns (confirmed by benchmarks).
+> On production hardware, expect ~2.6 μs total (~1.3% overhead) due to faster span creation (~500-600 ns).
+
+### 3.4.3 Consensus Round Overhead
+
+| Operation              | Count | Cost (ns) | Total      |
+| ---------------------- | ----- | --------- | ---------- |
+| consensus.round span   | 1     | ~1200     | ~1.2 μs    |
+| consensus.phase spans  | 3     | ~1100     | ~3.3 μs    |
+| proposal.receive spans | ~20   | ~1100     | ~22 μs     |
+| proposal.send spans    | ~3    | ~1100     | ~3.3 μs    |
+| Context operations     | ~30   | ~200      | ~6 μs      |
+| **TOTAL**              |       |           | **~36 μs** |
+
+> **Why higher**: Each span costs ~1,000 ns creation + ~100-200 ns for 1-2 attributes, totaling ~1,100-1,200 ns.
+> Context operations remain ~200 ns (confirmed by benchmarks). On production hardware, expect ~24 μs total.
+
+**Overhead percentage**: 36 μs / 3s (typical round) = **~0.001%** (negligible)
+
+### 3.4.4 RPC Request Overhead
+
+| Operation        | Cost (ns)    |
+| ---------------- | ------------ |
+| rpc.request span | ~1200        |
+| rpc.command span | ~1100        |
+| Context extract  | ~250         |
+| Context inject   | ~200         |
+| **TOTAL**        | **~2.75 μs** |
+
+> **Why higher**: Each span costs ~1,000 ns creation + ~100-200 ns for attributes (command name,
+> version, role). Context extract/inject costs are confirmed by OTel C++ benchmarks.
+
+- Fast RPC (1ms): 2.75 μs / 1ms = **~0.275%**
+- Slow RPC (100ms): 2.75 μs / 100ms = **~0.003%**
+
+---
+
+## 3.5 Memory Overhead Analysis
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+### 3.5.1 Static Memory
+
+| Component                            | Size        | Allocated  |
+| ------------------------------------ | ----------- | ---------- |
+| TracerProvider singleton             | ~64 KB      | At startup |
+| BatchSpanProcessor (circular buffer) | ~16 KB      | At startup |
+| BatchSpanProcessor (worker thread)   | ~8 MB       | At startup |
+| OTLP exporter (gRPC channel init)    | ~256 KB     | At startup |
+| Propagator registry                  | ~8 KB       | At startup |
+| **Total static**                     | **~8.3 MB** |            |
+
+> **Why higher than earlier estimate**: The BatchSpanProcessor's circular buffer itself is only ~16 KB
+> (2049 x 8-byte `AtomicUniquePtr` entries), but it spawns a dedicated worker thread whose default
+> stack size on Linux is ~8 MB. The OTLP gRPC exporter allocates memory for channel stubs and TLS
+> initialization. The worker thread stack dominates the static footprint.
+
+### 3.5.2 Dynamic Memory
+
+| Component            | Size per unit  | Max units  | Peak            |
+| -------------------- | -------------- | ---------- | --------------- |
+| Active span          | ~500-800 bytes | 1000       | ~500-800 KB     |
+| Queued span (export) | ~500 bytes     | 2048       | ~1 MB           |
+| Attribute storage    | ~80 bytes      | 5 per span | Included        |
+| Context storage      | ~64 bytes      | Per thread | ~6.4 KB         |
+| **Total dynamic**    |                |            | **~1.5-1.8 MB** |
+
+> **Why active spans are larger**: An active `Span` object includes the wrapper (~88 bytes: shared_ptr,
+> mutex, unique_ptr to Recordable) plus `SpanData` (~250 bytes: SpanContext, timestamps, name, status,
+> empty containers) plus attribute storage (~200-500 bytes for 3-5 string attributes in a `std::map`).
+> Source: `sdk/src/trace/span.h` and `sdk/include/opentelemetry/sdk/trace/span_data.h`.
+> Queued spans release the wrapper, keeping only `SpanData` + attributes (~500 bytes).
+
+### 3.5.3 Memory Growth Characteristics
+
+```mermaid
+---
+config:
+    xyChart:
+        width: 700
+        height: 400
+---
+xychart-beta
+    title "Memory Usage vs Span Rate (bounded by queue limit)"
+    x-axis "Spans/second" [0, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000]
+    y-axis "Memory (MB)" 0 --> 12
+    line [8.5, 9.2, 9.6, 9.9, 10.0, 10.0]
+```
+
+**Notes**:
+
+- Memory increases with span rate but **plateaus at queue capacity** (default 2048 spans)
+- Batch export prevents unbounded growth
+- At queue limit, oldest spans are dropped (not blocked)
+- Maximum memory is bounded: ~8.3 MB static (dominated by worker thread stack) + 2048 queued spans x ~500 bytes (~1 MB) + active spans (~0.8 MB) ≈ **~10 MB ceiling**
+- The worker thread stack (~8 MB) is virtual memory; actual RSS depends on stack usage (typically much less)
+
+### 3.5.4 Performance Data Sources
+
+The overhead estimates in Sections 3.3-3.5 are derived from the following sources:
+
+| Source                                           | What it covers                                        | URL                                                                                                                                        |
+| ------------------------------------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
+| OTel C++ SDK CI benchmarks (969 runs)            | Span creation, context activation, sampler overhead   | [Benchmark Dashboard](https://open-telemetry.github.io/opentelemetry-cpp/benchmarks/)                                                      |
+| `api/test/trace/span_benchmark.cc`               | API-level span creation (~22 ns no-op)                | [Source](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-cpp/blob/main/api/test/trace/span_benchmark.cc)                                   |
+| `sdk/test/trace/sampler_benchmark.cc`            | SDK span creation with samplers (~1,000 ns AlwaysOn)  | [Source](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-cpp/blob/main/sdk/test/trace/sampler_benchmark.cc)                                |
+| `sdk/include/.../span_data.h`                    | SpanData memory layout (~250 bytes base)              | [Source](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-cpp/blob/main/sdk/include/opentelemetry/sdk/trace/span_data.h)                    |
+| `sdk/src/trace/span.h`                           | Span wrapper memory layout (~88 bytes)                | [Source](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-cpp/blob/main/sdk/src/trace/span.h)                                               |
+| `sdk/include/.../batch_span_processor_options.h` | Default queue size (2048), batch size (512)           | [Source](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-cpp/blob/main/sdk/include/opentelemetry/sdk/trace/batch_span_processor_options.h) |
+| `sdk/include/.../circular_buffer.h`              | CircularBuffer implementation (AtomicUniquePtr array) | [Source](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-cpp/blob/main/sdk/include/opentelemetry/sdk/common/circular_buffer.h)             |
+| OTLP proto definition                            | Serialized span size estimation                       | [Proto](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-proto/blob/main/opentelemetry/proto/trace/v1/trace.proto)                          |
+
+---
+
+## 3.6 Network Overhead Analysis
+
+### 3.6.1 Export Bandwidth
+
+> **Bytes per span**: Estimates use ~500 bytes/span (conservative upper bound). OTLP protobuf analysis
+> shows a typical span with 3-5 string attributes serializes to ~200-300 bytes raw; with gzip
+> compression (~60-70% of raw) and batching (amortized headers), ~350 bytes/span is more realistic.
+> The table uses the conservative estimate for capacity planning.
+
+| Sampling Rate | Spans/sec | Bandwidth | Notes            |
+| ------------- | --------- | --------- | ---------------- |
+| 100%          | ~500      | ~250 KB/s | Development only |
+| 10%           | ~50       | ~25 KB/s  | Staging          |
+| 1%            | ~5        | ~2.5 KB/s | Production       |
+| Error-only    | ~1        | ~0.5 KB/s | Minimal overhead |
+
+### 3.6.2 Trace Context Propagation
+
+| Message Type           | Context Size | Messages/sec | Overhead    |
+| ---------------------- | ------------ | ------------ | ----------- |
+| TMTransaction          | 25 bytes     | ~100         | ~2.5 KB/s   |
+| TMProposeSet           | 25 bytes     | ~10          | ~250 B/s    |
+| TMValidation           | 25 bytes     | ~50          | ~1.25 KB/s  |
+| **Total P2P overhead** |              |              | **~4 KB/s** |
+
+---
+
+## 3.7 Optimization Strategies
+
+### 3.7.1 Sampling Strategies
+
+#### Tail Sampling
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TD
+    trace["New Trace"]
+
+    trace --> errors{"Is Error?"}
+    errors -->|Yes| sample["SAMPLE"]
+    errors -->|No| consensus{"Is Consensus?"}
+
+    consensus -->|Yes| sample
+    consensus -->|No| slow{"Is Slow?"}
+
+    slow -->|Yes| sample
+    slow -->|No| prob{"Random < 10%?"}
+
+    prob -->|Yes| sample
+    prob -->|No| drop["DROP"]
+
+    style sample fill:#4caf50,stroke:#388e3c,color:#fff
+    style drop fill:#f44336,stroke:#c62828,color:#fff
+```
+
+### 3.7.2 Batch Tuning Recommendations
+
+| Environment        | Batch Size | Batch Delay | Max Queue |
+| ------------------ | ---------- | ----------- | --------- |
+| Low-latency        | 128        | 1000ms      | 512       |
+| High-throughput    | 1024       | 10000ms     | 8192      |
+| Memory-constrained | 256        | 2000ms      | 512       |
+
+### 3.7.3 Conditional Instrumentation
+
+SpanGuard's static factory methods handle both compile-time and runtime
+checks internally. When `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY` is not defined, the
+entire SpanGuard class compiles to a no-op stub with empty method bodies.
+When it is defined, the factory methods check the global Telemetry
+instance and the relevant component filter before creating a span:
+
+```cpp
+// SpanGuard factory methods handle all conditional logic internally.
+// When XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY is not defined, these are no-ops.
+// When defined, they check Telemetry::getInstance() and the
+// component filter (e.g. shouldTracePeer()) at runtime.
+auto span = telemetry::SpanGuard::peerSpan("peer.message.receive");
+span.setAttribute("xrpl.peer.id", peerId);
+// No overhead when telemetry is disabled at compile time or runtime
+```
+
+---
+
+## 3.8 Links to Detailed Documentation
+
+- **[Code Samples](./04-code-samples.md)**: Complete implementation code for all components
+- **[Configuration Reference](./05-configuration-reference.md)**: Configuration options and collector setup
+- **[Implementation Phases](./06-implementation-phases.md)**: Detailed timeline and milestones
+
+---
+
+## 3.9 Code Intrusiveness Assessment
+
+> **TxQ** = Transaction Queue
+
+This section provides a detailed assessment of how intrusive the OpenTelemetry integration is to the existing xrpld codebase.
+
+### 3.9.1 Files Modified Summary
+
+| Component             | Files Modified | Lines Added | Lines Changed | Architectural Impact |
+| --------------------- | -------------- | ----------- | ------------- | -------------------- |
+| **Core Telemetry**    | 7 new files    | ~800        | 0             | None (new module)    |
+| **Application Init**  | 2 files        | ~30         | ~5            | Minimal              |
+| **RPC Layer**         | 3 files        | ~80         | ~20           | Minimal              |
+| **Transaction Relay** | 4 files        | ~120        | ~40           | Low                  |
+| **Consensus**         | 3 files        | ~100        | ~30           | Low-Medium           |
+| **Protocol Buffers**  | 1 file         | ~25         | 0             | Low                  |
+| **CMake/Build**       | 3 files        | ~50         | ~10           | Minimal              |
+| **PathFinding**       | 2              | ~80         | ~5            | Minimal              |
+| **TxQ/Fee**           | 2              | ~60         | ~5            | Minimal              |
+| **Validator/Amend**   | 3              | ~40         | ~5            | Minimal              |
+| **Total**             | **~27 files**  | **~1,490**  | **~120**      | **Low**              |
+
+### 3.9.2 Detailed File Impact
+
+```mermaid
+pie title Code Changes by Component
+    "New Telemetry Module" : 800
+    "Transaction Relay" : 160
+    "Consensus" : 130
+    "RPC Layer" : 100
+    "PathFinding" : 80
+    "TxQ/Fee" : 60
+    "Validator/Amendment" : 40
+    "Application Init" : 35
+    "Protocol Buffers" : 25
+    "Build System" : 60
+```
+
+#### New Files (No Impact on Existing Code)
+
+| File                                        | Lines | Purpose                                               |
+| ------------------------------------------- | ----- | ----------------------------------------------------- |
+| `include/xrpl/telemetry/Telemetry.h`        | ~160  | Main interface (global singleton)                     |
+| `include/xrpl/telemetry/SpanGuard.h`        | ~250  | RAII wrapper + factory methods + discard + no-op stub |
+| `include/xrpl/telemetry/DiscardFlag.h`      | ~28   | Thread-local discard flag                             |
+| `include/xrpl/telemetry/TraceContext.h`     | ~80   | Context propagation                                   |
+| `src/libxrpl/telemetry/Telemetry.cpp`       | ~400  | Implementation + FilteringSpanProcessor               |
+| `src/libxrpl/telemetry/TelemetryConfig.cpp` | ~60   | Config parsing                                        |
+| `src/libxrpl/telemetry/NullTelemetry.cpp`   | ~40   | No-op implementation                                  |
+
+#### Modified Files (Existing Xrpld Code)
+
+| File                                              | Lines Added | Lines Changed | Risk Level |
+| ------------------------------------------------- | ----------- | ------------- | ---------- |
+| `src/xrpld/app/main/Application.cpp`              | ~15         | ~3            | Low        |
+| `include/xrpl/core/ServiceRegistry.h`             | ~5          | ~2            | Low        |
+| `src/xrpld/rpc/detail/ServerHandler.cpp`          | ~40         | ~10           | Low        |
+| `src/xrpld/rpc/handlers/*.cpp`                    | ~30         | ~8            | Low        |
+| `src/xrpld/overlay/detail/PeerImp.cpp`            | ~60         | ~15           | Medium     |
+| `src/xrpld/overlay/detail/OverlayImpl.cpp`        | ~30         | ~10           | Medium     |
+| `src/xrpld/app/consensus/RCLConsensus.cpp`        | ~50         | ~15           | Medium     |
+| `src/xrpld/app/consensus/RCLConsensusAdaptor.cpp` | ~40         | ~12           | Medium     |
+| `src/xrpld/core/JobQueue.cpp`                     | ~20         | ~5            | Low        |
+| `src/xrpld/app/paths/PathRequest.cpp`             | ~40         | ~3            | Low        |
+| `src/xrpld/app/paths/Pathfinder.cpp`              | ~40         | ~2            | Low        |
+| `src/xrpld/app/misc/TxQ.cpp`                      | ~40         | ~3            | Low        |
+| `src/xrpld/app/main/LoadManager.cpp`              | ~20         | ~2            | Low        |
+| `src/xrpld/app/misc/ValidatorList.cpp`            | ~20         | ~2            | Low        |
+| `src/xrpld/app/misc/AmendmentTable.cpp`           | ~10         | ~2            | Low        |
+| `src/xrpld/app/misc/Manifest.cpp`                 | ~10         | ~1            | Low        |
+| `src/xrpld/shamap/SHAMap.cpp`                     | ~20         | ~3            | Low        |
+| `src/xrpld/overlay/detail/ripple.proto`           | ~25         | 0             | Low        |
+| `CMakeLists.txt`                                  | ~40         | ~8            | Low        |
+| `cmake/FindOpenTelemetry.cmake`                   | ~50         | 0             | None (new) |
+
+### 3.9.3 Risk Assessment by Component
+
+<div align="center">
+
+**Do First** ↖ ↗ **Plan Carefully**
+
+```mermaid
+quadrantChart
+    title Code Intrusiveness Risk Matrix
+    x-axis Low Risk --> High Risk
+    y-axis Low Value --> High Value
+
+    RPC Tracing: [0.2, 0.55]
+    Transaction Relay: [0.55, 0.85]
+    Consensus Tracing: [0.75, 0.92]
+    Peer Message Tracing: [0.85, 0.35]
+    JobQueue Context: [0.3, 0.42]
+    Ledger Acquisition: [0.48, 0.65]
+    PathFinding: [0.38, 0.72]
+    TxQ and Fees: [0.25, 0.62]
+    Validator Mgmt: [0.15, 0.35]
+```
+
+**Optional** ↙ ↘ **Avoid**
+
+</div>
+
+#### Risk Level Definitions
+
+| Risk Level | Definition                                                       | Mitigation                         |
+| ---------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------- |
+| **Low**    | Additive changes only; no modification to existing logic         | Standard code review               |
+| **Medium** | Minor modifications to existing functions; clear boundaries      | Comprehensive unit tests           |
+| **High**   | Changes to core logic or data structures; potential side effects | Integration tests + staged rollout |
+
+### 3.9.4 Architectural Impact Assessment
+
+| Aspect               | Impact  | Justification                                                                    |
+| -------------------- | ------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Data Flow**        | Minimal | Read-only instrumentation; no modification to consensus or transaction data flow |
+| **Threading Model**  | Minimal | Context propagation uses thread-local storage (standard OTel pattern)            |
+| **Memory Model**     | Low     | Bounded queues prevent unbounded growth; RAII ensures cleanup                    |
+| **Network Protocol** | Low     | Optional fields in protobuf (high field numbers); backward compatible            |
+| **Configuration**    | None    | New config section; existing configs unaffected                                  |
+| **Build System**     | Low     | Optional CMake flag; builds work without OpenTelemetry                           |
+| **Dependencies**     | Low     | OpenTelemetry SDK is optional; null implementation when disabled                 |
+
+### 3.9.5 Backward Compatibility
+
+| Compatibility   | Status  | Notes                                                 |
+| --------------- | ------- | ----------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Config File** | ✅ Full | New `[telemetry]` section is optional                 |
+| **Protocol**    | ✅ Full | Optional protobuf fields with high field numbers      |
+| **Build**       | ✅ Full | `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=OFF` produces identical binary |
+| **Runtime**     | ✅ Full | `enabled=0` produces zero overhead                    |
+| **API**         | ✅ Full | No changes to public RPC or P2P APIs                  |
+
+### 3.9.6 Rollback Strategy
+
+If issues are discovered after deployment:
+
+1. **Immediate**: Set `enabled=0` in config and restart (zero code change)
+2. **Quick**: Rebuild with `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=OFF`
+3. **Complete**: Revert telemetry commits (clean separation makes this easy)
+
+### 3.9.7 Code Change Examples
+
+**Minimal RPC Instrumentation (Low Intrusiveness):**
+
+```cpp
+// Before
+void ServerHandler::onRequest(...) {
+    auto result = processRequest(req);
+    send(result);
+}
+
+// After (only ~4 lines added)
+void ServerHandler::onRequest(...) {
+    auto span = telemetry::SpanGuard::rpcSpan("rpc.request");   // +1 line
+    span.setAttribute("command", command);                        // +1 line
+
+    auto result = processRequest(req);
+
+    span.setAttribute("rpc_status", status);                      // +1 line
+    send(result);
+}
+```
+
+SpanGuard factory methods (`rpcSpan`, `txSpan`, `consensusSpan`, etc.)
+access the global `Telemetry` instance internally and check the relevant
+component filter (`shouldTraceRpc()`, etc.) before creating a span. The
+public SpanGuard header has zero `opentelemetry/` includes -- all OTel
+types are hidden behind the pimpl idiom.
+
+**Consensus Instrumentation (Medium Intrusiveness):**
+
+```cpp
+// Before
+void RCLConsensusAdaptor::startRound(...) {
+    // ... existing logic
+}
+
+// After (context storage required)
+void RCLConsensusAdaptor::startRound(...) {
+    auto span = telemetry::SpanGuard::consensusSpan("consensus.round");
+    span.setAttribute("xrpl.consensus.ledger.seq", seq);
+
+    // Store context for child spans in phase transitions
+    currentRoundContext_ = span.context();  // New member variable
+
+    // ... existing logic unchanged
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+_Previous: [Design Decisions](./02-design-decisions.md)_ | _Next: [Code Samples](./04-code-samples.md)_ | _Back to: [Overview](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)_

OpenTelemetryPlan/05-configuration-reference.md

@@ -0,0 +1,972 @@
+# Configuration Reference
+
+> **Parent Document**: [OpenTelemetryPlan.md](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)
+> **Related**: [Code Samples](./04-code-samples.md) | [Implementation Phases](./06-implementation-phases.md)
+
+---
+
+## 5.1 xrpld Configuration
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol | **TxQ** = Transaction Queue
+
+### 5.1.1 Configuration File Section
+
+Add to `cfg/xrpld-example.cfg`:
+
+```ini
+# ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+# TELEMETRY (OpenTelemetry Distributed Tracing)
+# ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+#
+# Enables distributed tracing for transaction flow, consensus, and RPC calls.
+# Traces are exported to an OpenTelemetry Collector using OTLP protocol.
+#
+# [telemetry]
+#
+# # Enable/disable telemetry (default: 0 = disabled)
+# enabled=1
+#
+# # OTLP endpoint (default: http://localhost:4318/v1/traces - OTLP/HTTP)
+# # Note: only OTLP/HTTP is shipped in Phase 1b. OTLP/gRPC support is
+# # planned as future work and is not yet parsed by TelemetryConfig.cpp.
+# endpoint=http://localhost:4318/v1/traces
+#
+# # Use TLS for exporter connection (default: 0)
+# use_tls=0
+#
+# # Path to CA certificate for TLS (optional)
+# # tls_ca_cert=/path/to/ca.crt
+#
+# # Sampling ratio: 0.0-1.0 (default: 1.0 = 100% sampling)
+# # Use lower values in production to reduce overhead
+# # Default: 1.0 (all traces). For production deployments with high
+# # throughput, 0.1 (10%) is recommended to reduce overhead.
+# # See Section 7.4.2 for sampling strategy details.
+# sampling_ratio=0.1
+#
+# # Batch processor settings
+# batch_size=512           # Spans per batch (default: 512)
+# batch_delay_ms=5000      # Max delay before sending batch (default: 5000)
+# max_queue_size=2048      # Max queued spans (default: 2048)
+#
+# # Component-specific tracing (default: all enabled except peer)
+# trace_transactions=1     # Transaction relay and processing
+# trace_consensus=1        # Consensus rounds and proposals
+# trace_rpc=1              # RPC request handling
+# trace_peer=0             # Peer messages (high volume, disabled by default)
+# trace_ledger=1           # Ledger acquisition and building
+#
+# # Planned (not yet parsed by TelemetryConfig.cpp):
+# # trace_pathfind=1       # Path computation (Phase 2)
+# # trace_txq=1            # Transaction queue (Phase 3)
+# # trace_validator=0      # Validator list / manifest (future)
+# # trace_amendment=0      # Amendment voting (future)
+#
+# # Service identification (automatically detected if not specified)
+# # service_name=xrpld
+# # service_instance_id=<node_public_key>
+
+[telemetry]
+enabled=0
+```
+
+### 5.1.2 Configuration Options Summary
+
+| Option                | Type   | Default                           | Description                               |
+| --------------------- | ------ | --------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------- |
+| `enabled`             | bool   | `false`                           | Enable/disable telemetry                  |
+| `endpoint`            | string | `http://localhost:4318/v1/traces` | OTLP/HTTP collector endpoint              |
+| `use_tls`             | bool   | `false`                           | Enable TLS for exporter connection        |
+| `tls_ca_cert`         | string | `""`                              | Path to CA certificate file               |
+| `sampling_ratio`      | float  | `1.0`                             | Sampling ratio (0.0-1.0)                  |
+| `batch_size`          | uint   | `512`                             | Spans per export batch                    |
+| `batch_delay_ms`      | uint   | `5000`                            | Max delay before sending batch (ms)       |
+| `max_queue_size`      | uint   | `2048`                            | Maximum queued spans                      |
+| `trace_transactions`  | bool   | `true`                            | Enable transaction tracing                |
+| `trace_consensus`     | bool   | `true`                            | Enable consensus tracing                  |
+| `trace_rpc`           | bool   | `true`                            | Enable RPC tracing                        |
+| `trace_peer`          | bool   | `false`                           | Enable peer message tracing (high volume) |
+| `trace_ledger`        | bool   | `true`                            | Enable ledger tracing                     |
+| `service_name`        | string | `"xrpld"`                         | Service name for traces                   |
+| `service_instance_id` | string | `<node_pubkey>`                   | Instance identifier                       |
+
+**Planned (not yet implemented)**: the following options appear in the design
+documents but are not parsed by `TelemetryConfig.cpp` in Phase 1b and later
+phases. They will be added as the corresponding subsystems are instrumented:
+
+| Option            | Planned Phase | Purpose                                  |
+| ----------------- | ------------- | ---------------------------------------- |
+| `exporter`        | Future        | Select between OTLP/HTTP and OTLP/gRPC   |
+| `trace_pathfind`  | Phase 2       | Path computation tracing toggle          |
+| `trace_txq`       | Phase 3       | Transaction queue tracing toggle         |
+| `trace_validator` | Future        | Validator list / manifest update tracing |
+| `trace_amendment` | Future        | Amendment voting tracing                 |
+
+---
+
+## 5.2 Configuration Parser
+
+> **TxQ** = Transaction Queue
+
+```cpp
+// src/libxrpl/telemetry/TelemetryConfig.cpp
+
+#include <xrpl/telemetry/Telemetry.h>
+#include <xrpl/basics/Log.h>
+
+namespace xrpl {
+namespace telemetry {
+
+Telemetry::Setup
+setup_Telemetry(
+    Section const& section,
+    std::string const& nodePublicKey,
+    std::string const& version)
+{
+    Telemetry::Setup setup;
+
+    // Basic settings
+    setup.enabled = section.value_or("enabled", false);
+    setup.serviceName = section.value_or("service_name", "xrpld");
+    setup.serviceVersion = version;
+    setup.serviceInstanceId = section.value_or(
+        "service_instance_id", nodePublicKey);
+
+    // Exporter settings
+    setup.exporterType = section.value_or("exporter", "otlp_grpc");
+
+    if (setup.exporterType == "otlp_grpc")
+        setup.exporterEndpoint = section.value_or("endpoint", "localhost:4317");
+    else if (setup.exporterType == "otlp_http")
+        setup.exporterEndpoint = section.value_or("endpoint", "localhost:4318");
+
+    setup.useTls = section.value_or("use_tls", false);
+    setup.tlsCertPath = section.value_or("tls_ca_cert", "");
+
+    // Sampling
+    setup.samplingRatio = section.value_or("sampling_ratio", 1.0);
+    if (setup.samplingRatio < 0.0 || setup.samplingRatio > 1.0)
+    {
+        Throw<std::runtime_error>(
+            "telemetry.sampling_ratio must be between 0.0 and 1.0");
+    }
+
+    // Batch processor
+    setup.batchSize = section.value_or("batch_size", 512u);
+    setup.batchDelay = std::chrono::milliseconds{
+        section.value_or("batch_delay_ms", 5000u)};
+    setup.maxQueueSize = section.value_or("max_queue_size", 2048u);
+
+    // Component filtering
+    setup.traceTransactions = section.value_or("trace_transactions", true);
+    setup.traceConsensus = section.value_or("trace_consensus", true);
+    setup.traceRpc = section.value_or("trace_rpc", true);
+    setup.tracePeer = section.value_or("trace_peer", false);
+    setup.traceLedger = section.value_or("trace_ledger", true);
+    setup.tracePathfind = section.value_or("trace_pathfind", true);
+    setup.traceTxQ = section.value_or("trace_txq", true);
+    setup.traceValidator = section.value_or("trace_validator", false);
+    setup.traceAmendment = section.value_or("trace_amendment", false);
+
+    return setup;
+}
+
+} // namespace telemetry
+} // namespace xrpl
+```
+
+---
+
+## 5.3 Application Integration
+
+### 5.3.1 ApplicationImp Changes
+
+> **Deferred identity**: The node public key (`nodeIdentity_`) is not
+> available during `ApplicationImp`'s member initializer list — it is
+> resolved later in `setup()`. The `Telemetry` object is therefore
+> constructed with an empty `serviceInstanceId` and patched via
+> `setServiceInstanceId()` once `setup()` has called `getNodeIdentity()`.
+
+```cpp
+// src/xrpld/app/main/Application.cpp (modified)
+
+#include <xrpl/telemetry/Telemetry.h>
+
+class ApplicationImp : public Application, public BasicApp
+{
+    // ... existing members (perfLog_, etc.) ...
+
+    // Telemetry — constructed in the member initializer list with
+    // an empty serviceInstanceId, patched in setup().
+    std::unique_ptr<telemetry::Telemetry> telemetry_;
+
+    // Member initializer list (excerpt):
+    // ...
+    // , telemetry_(
+    //       telemetry::make_Telemetry(
+    //           telemetry::setup_Telemetry(
+    //               config_->section("telemetry"),
+    //               "",  // Updated later via setServiceInstanceId()
+    //               BuildInfo::getVersionString()),
+    //           logs_->journal("Telemetry")))
+    // ...
+
+    bool setup(...) override
+    {
+        // ... existing setup code ...
+
+        nodeIdentity_ = getNodeIdentity(*this, cmdline);
+
+        // Inject node identity into telemetry resource attributes,
+        // unless the user already set a custom service_instance_id.
+        if (!config_->section("telemetry").exists("service_instance_id"))
+            telemetry_->setServiceInstanceId(
+                toBase58(TokenType::NodePublic, nodeIdentity_->first));
+
+        // ... rest of setup ...
+    }
+
+    void start(bool withTimers) override
+    {
+        // ... existing start code ...
+        telemetry_->start();
+    }
+
+    void run() override
+    {
+        // ... existing run/shutdown code ...
+        telemetry_->stop();
+    }
+
+    telemetry::Telemetry&
+    getTelemetry() override
+    {
+        return *telemetry_;
+    }
+};
+```
+
+### 5.3.2 ServiceRegistry Interface Addition
+
+```cpp
+// include/xrpl/core/ServiceRegistry.h (modified)
+
+namespace telemetry {
+class Telemetry;
+}  // namespace telemetry
+
+class ServiceRegistry
+{
+public:
+    // ... existing virtual methods ...
+
+    /** Get the telemetry system for distributed tracing. */
+    virtual telemetry::Telemetry&
+    getTelemetry() = 0;
+};
+```
+
+> **Note:** `Application` extends `ServiceRegistry`, so `getTelemetry()` is
+> available on both. Components that hold a `ServiceRegistry&` (e.g.
+> `NetworkOPsImp`) call `registry_.get().getTelemetry()`. Components that
+> still hold an `Application&` (e.g. `ServerHandler`, `PeerImp`,
+> `RCLConsensusAdaptor`) call `app_.getTelemetry()` directly.
+
+---
+
+## 5.4 CMake Integration
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+### 5.4.1 Find OpenTelemetry Module
+
+```cmake
+# cmake/FindOpenTelemetry.cmake
+
+# Find OpenTelemetry C++ SDK
+#
+# This module defines:
+#   OpenTelemetry_FOUND - System has OpenTelemetry
+#   OpenTelemetry::api - API library target
+#   OpenTelemetry::sdk - SDK library target
+#   OpenTelemetry::otlp_grpc_exporter - OTLP gRPC exporter target
+#   OpenTelemetry::otlp_http_exporter - OTLP HTTP exporter target
+
+find_package(opentelemetry-cpp CONFIG QUIET)
+
+if(opentelemetry-cpp_FOUND)
+    set(OpenTelemetry_FOUND TRUE)
+
+    # Create imported targets if not already created by config
+    if(NOT TARGET OpenTelemetry::api)
+        add_library(OpenTelemetry::api ALIAS opentelemetry-cpp::api)
+    endif()
+    if(NOT TARGET OpenTelemetry::sdk)
+        add_library(OpenTelemetry::sdk ALIAS opentelemetry-cpp::sdk)
+    endif()
+    if(NOT TARGET OpenTelemetry::otlp_grpc_exporter)
+        add_library(OpenTelemetry::otlp_grpc_exporter ALIAS
+            opentelemetry-cpp::otlp_grpc_exporter)
+    endif()
+else()
+    # Try pkg-config fallback
+    find_package(PkgConfig QUIET)
+    if(PKG_CONFIG_FOUND)
+        pkg_check_modules(OTEL opentelemetry-cpp QUIET)
+        if(OTEL_FOUND)
+            set(OpenTelemetry_FOUND TRUE)
+            # Create imported targets from pkg-config
+            add_library(OpenTelemetry::api INTERFACE IMPORTED)
+            target_include_directories(OpenTelemetry::api INTERFACE
+                ${OTEL_INCLUDE_DIRS})
+        endif()
+    endif()
+endif()
+
+include(FindPackageHandleStandardArgs)
+find_package_handle_standard_args(OpenTelemetry
+    REQUIRED_VARS OpenTelemetry_FOUND)
+```
+
+### 5.4.2 CMakeLists.txt Changes
+
+```cmake
+# CMakeLists.txt (additions)
+
+# ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+# TELEMETRY OPTIONS
+# ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+option(XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY
+    "Enable OpenTelemetry distributed tracing support" OFF)
+
+if(XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY)
+    find_package(OpenTelemetry REQUIRED)
+
+    # Define compile-time flag
+    add_compile_definitions(XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY)
+
+    message(STATUS "OpenTelemetry tracing: ENABLED")
+else()
+    message(STATUS "OpenTelemetry tracing: DISABLED")
+endif()
+
+# ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+# TELEMETRY LIBRARY
+# ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+if(XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY)
+    add_library(xrpl_telemetry
+        src/libxrpl/telemetry/Telemetry.cpp
+        src/libxrpl/telemetry/TelemetryConfig.cpp
+        src/libxrpl/telemetry/TraceContext.cpp
+    )
+
+    target_include_directories(xrpl_telemetry
+        PUBLIC
+            ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include
+    )
+
+    target_link_libraries(xrpl_telemetry
+        PUBLIC
+            OpenTelemetry::api
+            OpenTelemetry::sdk
+            OpenTelemetry::otlp_grpc_exporter
+        PRIVATE
+            xrpl_basics
+    )
+
+    # Add to main library dependencies
+    target_link_libraries(xrpld PRIVATE xrpl_telemetry)
+else()
+    # Create null implementation library
+    add_library(xrpl_telemetry
+        src/libxrpl/telemetry/NullTelemetry.cpp
+    )
+    target_include_directories(xrpl_telemetry
+        PUBLIC ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include
+    )
+endif()
+```
+
+---
+
+## 5.5 OpenTelemetry Collector Configuration
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol | **APM** = Application Performance Monitoring
+
+### 5.5.1 Development Configuration
+
+```yaml
+# otel-collector-dev.yaml
+# Minimal configuration for local development
+
+receivers:
+  otlp:
+    protocols:
+      grpc:
+        endpoint: 0.0.0.0:4317
+      http:
+        endpoint: 0.0.0.0:4318
+
+processors:
+  batch:
+    timeout: 1s
+    send_batch_size: 100
+
+exporters:
+  # Console output for debugging
+  logging:
+    verbosity: detailed
+    sampling_initial: 5
+    sampling_thereafter: 200
+
+  # Tempo for trace storage
+  otlp/tempo:
+    endpoint: tempo:4317
+    tls:
+      insecure: true
+
+service:
+  pipelines:
+    traces:
+      receivers: [otlp]
+      processors: [batch]
+      exporters: [logging, otlp/tempo]
+```
+
+### 5.5.2 Production Configuration
+
+```yaml
+# otel-collector-prod.yaml
+# Production configuration with filtering, sampling, and multiple backends
+
+receivers:
+  otlp:
+    protocols:
+      grpc:
+        endpoint: 0.0.0.0:4317
+        tls:
+          cert_file: /etc/otel/server.crt
+          key_file: /etc/otel/server.key
+          ca_file: /etc/otel/ca.crt
+
+processors:
+  # Memory limiter to prevent OOM
+  memory_limiter:
+    check_interval: 1s
+    limit_mib: 1000
+    spike_limit_mib: 200
+
+  # Batch processing for efficiency
+  batch:
+    timeout: 5s
+    send_batch_size: 512
+    send_batch_max_size: 1024
+
+  # Tail-based sampling (keep errors and slow traces)
+  tail_sampling:
+    decision_wait: 10s
+    num_traces: 100000
+    expected_new_traces_per_sec: 1000
+    policies:
+      # Always keep error traces
+      - name: errors
+        type: status_code
+        status_code:
+          status_codes: [ERROR]
+      # Keep slow consensus rounds (>5s)
+      - name: slow-consensus
+        type: latency
+        latency:
+          threshold_ms: 5000
+      # Keep slow RPC requests (>1s)
+      - name: slow-rpc
+        type: and
+        and:
+          and_sub_policy:
+            - name: rpc-spans
+              type: string_attribute
+              string_attribute:
+                key: command
+                values: [".*"]
+                enabled_regex_matching: true
+            - name: latency
+              type: latency
+              latency:
+                threshold_ms: 1000
+      # Probabilistic sampling for the rest
+      - name: probabilistic
+        type: probabilistic
+        probabilistic:
+          sampling_percentage: 10
+
+  # Attribute processing
+  attributes:
+    actions:
+      # Hash sensitive data
+      - key: xrpl.tx.account
+        action: hash
+      # Add deployment info
+      - key: deployment.environment
+        value: production
+        action: upsert
+
+exporters:
+  # Grafana Tempo for long-term storage
+  otlp/tempo:
+    endpoint: tempo.monitoring:4317
+    tls:
+      insecure: false
+      ca_file: /etc/otel/tempo-ca.crt
+
+  # Elastic APM for correlation with logs
+  otlp/elastic:
+    endpoint: apm.elastic:8200
+    headers:
+      Authorization: "Bearer ${ELASTIC_APM_TOKEN}"
+
+extensions:
+  health_check:
+    endpoint: 0.0.0.0:13133
+  zpages:
+    endpoint: 0.0.0.0:55679
+
+service:
+  extensions: [health_check, zpages]
+  pipelines:
+    traces:
+      receivers: [otlp]
+      processors: [memory_limiter, tail_sampling, attributes, batch]
+      exporters: [otlp/tempo, otlp/elastic]
+```
+
+---
+
+## 5.6 Docker Compose Development Environment
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+```yaml
+# docker-compose-telemetry.yaml
+version: "3.8"
+
+services:
+  # OpenTelemetry Collector
+  otel-collector:
+    image: otel/opentelemetry-collector-contrib:0.92.0
+    container_name: otel-collector
+    command: ["--config=/etc/otel-collector-config.yaml"]
+    volumes:
+      - ./otel-collector-dev.yaml:/etc/otel-collector-config.yaml:ro
+    ports:
+      - "4317:4317" # OTLP gRPC
+      - "4318:4318" # OTLP HTTP
+      - "13133:13133" # Health check
+    depends_on:
+      - tempo
+
+  # Tempo for trace storage
+  tempo:
+    image: grafana/tempo:2.6.1
+    container_name: tempo
+    ports:
+      - "3200:3200" # Tempo HTTP API
+      - "4317" # OTLP gRPC (internal)
+
+  # Grafana for dashboards
+  grafana:
+    image: grafana/grafana:10.2.3
+    container_name: grafana
+    environment:
+      - GF_AUTH_ANONYMOUS_ENABLED=true
+      - GF_AUTH_ANONYMOUS_ORG_ROLE=Admin
+    volumes:
+      - ./grafana/provisioning:/etc/grafana/provisioning:ro
+      - ./grafana/dashboards:/var/lib/grafana/dashboards:ro
+    ports:
+      - "3000:3000"
+    depends_on:
+      - tempo
+
+  # Prometheus for metrics (optional, for correlation)
+  prometheus:
+    image: prom/prometheus:v2.48.1
+    container_name: prometheus
+    volumes:
+      - ./prometheus.yaml:/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml:ro
+    ports:
+      - "9090:9090"
+
+networks:
+  default:
+    name: xrpld-telemetry
+```
+
+---
+
+## 5.7 Configuration Architecture
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph config["Configuration Sources"]
+        cfgFile["xrpld.cfg<br/>[telemetry] section"]
+        cmake["CMake<br/>XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph init["Initialization"]
+        parse["setup_Telemetry()"]
+        factory["make_Telemetry()"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph runtime["Runtime Components"]
+        tracer["TracerProvider"]
+        exporter["OTLP Exporter"]
+        processor["BatchProcessor"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph collector["Collector Pipeline"]
+        recv["Receivers"]
+        proc["Processors"]
+        exp["Exporters"]
+    end
+
+    cfgFile --> parse
+    cmake -->|"compile flag"| parse
+    parse --> factory
+    factory --> tracer
+    tracer --> processor
+    processor --> exporter
+    exporter -->|"OTLP"| recv
+    recv --> proc
+    proc --> exp
+
+    style config fill:#e3f2fd,stroke:#1976d2
+    style runtime fill:#e8f5e9,stroke:#388e3c
+    style collector fill:#fff3e0,stroke:#ff9800
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **Configuration Sources**: `xrpld.cfg` provides runtime settings (endpoint, sampling) while the CMake flag controls whether telemetry is compiled in at all.
+- **Initialization**: `setup_Telemetry()` parses config values, then `make_Telemetry()` constructs the provider, processor, and exporter objects.
+- **Runtime Components**: The `TracerProvider` creates spans, the `BatchProcessor` buffers them, and the `OTLP Exporter` serializes and sends them over the wire.
+- **OTLP arrow to Collector**: Trace data leaves the xrpld process via OTLP (gRPC or HTTP) and enters the external Collector pipeline.
+- **Collector Pipeline**: `Receivers` ingest OTLP data, `Processors` apply sampling/filtering/enrichment, and `Exporters` forward traces to storage backends (Tempo, etc.).
+
+---
+
+## 5.8 Grafana Integration
+
+> **APM** = Application Performance Monitoring
+
+Step-by-step instructions for integrating xrpld traces with Grafana.
+
+### 5.8.1 Data Source Configuration
+
+#### Tempo (Recommended)
+
+```yaml
+# grafana/provisioning/datasources/tempo.yaml
+apiVersion: 1
+
+datasources:
+  - name: Tempo
+    type: tempo
+    access: proxy
+    url: http://tempo:3200
+    jsonData:
+      httpMethod: GET
+      tracesToLogs:
+        datasourceUid: loki
+        tags: ["service.name", "xrpl.tx.hash"]
+        mappedTags: [{ key: "trace_id", value: "traceID" }]
+        mapTagNamesEnabled: true
+        filterByTraceID: true
+      serviceMap:
+        datasourceUid: prometheus
+      nodeGraph:
+        enabled: true
+      search:
+        hide: false
+      lokiSearch:
+        datasourceUid: loki
+```
+
+#### Elastic APM
+
+```yaml
+# grafana/provisioning/datasources/elastic-apm.yaml
+apiVersion: 1
+
+datasources:
+  - name: Elasticsearch-APM
+    type: elasticsearch
+    access: proxy
+    url: http://elasticsearch:9200
+    database: "apm-*"
+    jsonData:
+      esVersion: "8.0.0"
+      timeField: "@timestamp"
+      logMessageField: message
+      logLevelField: log.level
+```
+
+### 5.8.2 Dashboard Provisioning
+
+```yaml
+# grafana/provisioning/dashboards/dashboards.yaml
+apiVersion: 1
+
+providers:
+  - name: "xrpld-dashboards"
+    orgId: 1
+    folder: "xrpld"
+    folderUid: "xrpld"
+    type: file
+    disableDeletion: false
+    updateIntervalSeconds: 30
+    options:
+      path: /var/lib/grafana/dashboards/rippled
+```
+
+### 5.8.3 Example Dashboard: RPC Performance
+
+```json
+{
+  "title": "xrpld RPC Performance",
+  "uid": "xrpld-rpc-performance",
+  "panels": [
+    {
+      "title": "RPC Latency by Command",
+      "type": "heatmap",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\" && span.command != \"\"} | histogram_over_time(duration) by (span.command)"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 8, "w": 12, "x": 0, "y": 0 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "RPC Error Rate",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\" && status.code=error} | rate() by (span.command)"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 8, "w": 12, "x": 12, "y": 0 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Top 10 Slowest RPC Commands",
+      "type": "table",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\" && span.command != \"\"} | avg(duration) by (span.command) | topk(10)"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 8, "w": 24, "x": 0, "y": 8 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Recent Traces",
+      "type": "table",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\"}"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 8, "w": 24, "x": 0, "y": 16 }
+    }
+  ]
+}
+```
+
+### 5.8.4 Example Dashboard: Transaction Tracing
+
+```json
+{
+  "title": "xrpld Transaction Tracing",
+  "uid": "xrpld-tx-tracing",
+  "panels": [
+    {
+      "title": "Transaction Throughput",
+      "type": "stat",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\" && name=\"tx.receive\"} | rate()"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 4, "w": 6, "x": 0, "y": 0 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Cross-Node Relay Count",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\" && name=\"tx.relay\"} | avg(span.xrpl.tx.relay_count)"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 8, "w": 12, "x": 0, "y": 4 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Transaction Validation Errors",
+      "type": "table",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\" && name=\"tx.validate\" && status.code=error}"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 8, "w": 12, "x": 12, "y": 4 }
+    }
+  ]
+}
+```
+
+### 5.8.5 TraceQL Query Examples
+
+Common queries for xrpld traces:
+
+```
+# Find all traces for a specific transaction hash
+{resource.service.name="xrpld" && span.xrpl.tx.hash="ABC123..."}
+
+# Find slow RPC commands (>100ms)
+{resource.service.name="xrpld" && name=~"rpc.command.*"} | duration > 100ms
+
+# Find consensus rounds taking >5 seconds
+{resource.service.name="xrpld" && name="consensus.round"} | duration > 5s
+
+# Find failed transactions with error details
+{resource.service.name="xrpld" && name="tx.validate" && status.code=error}
+
+# Find transactions relayed to many peers
+{resource.service.name="xrpld" && name="tx.relay"} | span.xrpl.tx.relay_count > 10
+
+# Compare latency across nodes
+{resource.service.name="xrpld" && name="rpc.command.account_info"} | avg(duration) by (resource.service.instance.id)
+```
+
+### 5.8.6 Correlation with PerfLog
+
+To correlate OpenTelemetry traces with existing PerfLog data:
+
+**Step 1: Configure Loki to ingest PerfLog**
+
+```yaml
+# promtail-config.yaml
+scrape_configs:
+  - job_name: xrpld-perflog
+    static_configs:
+      - targets:
+          - localhost
+        labels:
+          job: xrpld
+          __path__: /var/log/rippled/perf*.log
+    pipeline_stages:
+      - json:
+          expressions:
+            trace_id: trace_id
+            ledger_seq: ledger_seq
+            tx_hash: tx_hash
+      - labels:
+          trace_id:
+          ledger_seq:
+          tx_hash:
+```
+
+**Step 2: Add trace_id to PerfLog entries**
+
+Modify PerfLog to include trace_id when available:
+
+```cpp
+// In PerfLog output, add trace_id from current span context
+void logPerf(Json::Value& entry) {
+    auto span = opentelemetry::trace::GetSpan(
+        opentelemetry::context::RuntimeContext::GetCurrent());
+    if (span && span->GetContext().IsValid()) {
+        char traceIdHex[33];
+        span->GetContext().trace_id().ToLowerBase16(traceIdHex);
+        entry["trace_id"] = std::string(traceIdHex, 32);
+    }
+    // ... existing logging
+}
+```
+
+**Step 3: Configure Grafana trace-to-logs link**
+
+In Tempo data source configuration, set up the derived field:
+
+```yaml
+jsonData:
+  tracesToLogs:
+    datasourceUid: loki
+    tags: ["trace_id", "xrpl.tx.hash"]
+    filterByTraceID: true
+    filterBySpanID: false
+```
+
+### 5.8.7 Correlation with Insight/StatsD Metrics
+
+To correlate traces with existing Beast Insight metrics:
+
+**Step 1: Export Insight metrics to Prometheus**
+
+```yaml
+# prometheus.yaml
+scrape_configs:
+  - job_name: "xrpld-statsd"
+    static_configs:
+      - targets: ["statsd-exporter:9102"]
+```
+
+**Step 2: Add exemplars to metrics**
+
+OpenTelemetry SDK automatically adds exemplars (trace IDs) to metrics when using the Prometheus exporter. This links metrics spikes to specific traces.
+
+**Step 3: Configure Grafana metric-to-trace link**
+
+```yaml
+# In Prometheus data source
+jsonData:
+  exemplarTraceIdDestinations:
+    - name: trace_id
+      datasourceUid: tempo
+```
+
+**Step 4: Dashboard panel with exemplars**
+
+```json
+{
+  "title": "RPC Latency with Trace Links",
+  "type": "timeseries",
+  "datasource": "Prometheus",
+  "targets": [
+    {
+      "expr": "histogram_quantile(0.99, rate(xrpld_rpc_duration_seconds_bucket[5m]))",
+      "exemplar": true
+    }
+  ]
+}
+```
+
+This allows clicking on metric data points to jump directly to the related trace.
+
+---
+
+_Previous: [Code Samples](./04-code-samples.md)_ | _Next: [Implementation Phases](./06-implementation-phases.md)_ | _Back to: [Overview](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)_

OpenTelemetryPlan/06-implementation-phases.md

@@ -0,0 +1,575 @@
+# Implementation Phases
+
+> **Parent Document**: [OpenTelemetryPlan.md](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)
+> **Related**: [Configuration Reference](./05-configuration-reference.md) | [Observability Backends](./07-observability-backends.md)
+
+---
+
+## 6.1 Phase Overview
+
+> **TxQ** = Transaction Queue
+
+```mermaid
+gantt
+    title OpenTelemetry Implementation Timeline
+    dateFormat  YYYY-MM-DD
+    axisFormat  Week %W
+
+    section Phase 1
+    Core Infrastructure        :p1, 2024-01-01, 2w
+    SDK Integration           :p1a, 2024-01-01, 4d
+    Telemetry Interface       :p1b, after p1a, 3d
+    Configuration & CMake     :p1c, after p1b, 3d
+    Unit Tests                :p1d, after p1c, 2d
+    Buffer & Integration      :p1e, after p1d, 2d
+
+    section Phase 2
+    RPC Tracing               :p2, after p1, 2w
+    HTTP Context Extraction   :p2a, after p1, 2d
+    RPC Handler Instrumentation :p2b, after p2a, 4d
+    PathFinding Instrumentation :p2f, after p2b, 2d
+    TxQ Instrumentation       :p2g, after p2f, 2d
+    WebSocket Support         :p2c, after p2g, 2d
+    Integration Tests         :p2d, after p2c, 2d
+    Buffer & Review           :p2e, after p2d, 4d
+
+    section Phase 3
+    Transaction Tracing       :p3, after p2, 2w
+    Protocol Buffer Extension :p3a, after p2, 2d
+    PeerImp Instrumentation   :p3b, after p3a, 3d
+    Fee Escalation Instrumentation :p3f, after p3b, 2d
+    Relay Context Propagation :p3c, after p3f, 3d
+    Multi-node Tests          :p3d, after p3c, 2d
+    Buffer & Review           :p3e, after p3d, 4d
+
+    section Phase 4
+    Consensus Tracing         :p4, after p3, 2w
+    Consensus Round Spans     :p4a, after p3, 3d
+    Proposal Handling         :p4b, after p4a, 3d
+    Validator List & Manifest Tracing :p4f, after p4b, 2d
+    Amendment Voting Tracing  :p4g, after p4f, 2d
+    SHAMap Sync Tracing       :p4h, after p4g, 2d
+    Validation Tests          :p4c, after p4h, 4d
+    Buffer & Review           :p4e, after p4c, 4d
+
+    section Phase 5
+    Documentation & Deploy    :p5, after p4, 1w
+```
+
+---
+
+## 6.2 Phase 1: Core Infrastructure (Weeks 1-2)
+
+**Objective**: Establish foundational telemetry infrastructure
+
+### Tasks
+
+| Task | Description                                           |
+| ---- | ----------------------------------------------------- |
+| 1.1  | Add OpenTelemetry C++ SDK to Conan/CMake              |
+| 1.2  | Implement `Telemetry` interface and factory           |
+| 1.3  | Implement `SpanGuard` RAII wrapper                    |
+| 1.4  | Implement configuration parser                        |
+| 1.5  | Integrate into `ApplicationImp`                       |
+| 1.6  | Add conditional compilation (`XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY`) |
+| 1.7  | Create `NullTelemetry` no-op implementation           |
+| 1.8  | Unit tests for core infrastructure                    |
+
+### Exit Criteria
+
+- [ ] OpenTelemetry SDK compiles and links
+- [ ] Telemetry can be enabled/disabled via config
+- [ ] Basic span creation works
+- [ ] No performance regression when disabled
+- [ ] Unit tests passing
+
+---
+
+## 6.3 Phase 2: RPC Tracing (Weeks 3-4)
+
+> **TxQ** = Transaction Queue
+
+**Objective**: Complete tracing for all RPC operations
+
+### Tasks
+
+| Task | Description                                                                |
+| ---- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| 2.1  | Implement W3C Trace Context HTTP header extraction                         |
+| 2.2  | Instrument `ServerHandler::onRequest()`                                    |
+| 2.3  | Instrument `RPCHandler::doCommand()`                                       |
+| 2.4  | Add RPC-specific attributes                                                |
+| 2.5  | Instrument WebSocket handler                                               |
+| 2.6  | PathFinding instrumentation (`pathfind.request`, `pathfind.compute` spans) |
+| 2.7  | TxQ instrumentation (`txq.enqueue`, `txq.apply` spans)                     |
+| 2.8  | Integration tests for RPC tracing                                          |
+| 2.9  | Performance benchmarks                                                     |
+| 2.10 | Documentation                                                              |
+
+### Exit Criteria
+
+- [ ] All RPC commands traced
+- [ ] Trace context propagates from HTTP headers
+- [ ] WebSocket and HTTP both instrumented
+- [ ] <1ms overhead per RPC call
+- [ ] Integration tests passing
+
+---
+
+## 6.4 Phase 3: Transaction Tracing (Weeks 5-6)
+
+**Objective**: Trace transaction lifecycle across network
+
+### Tasks
+
+| Task | Description                                          |
+| ---- | ---------------------------------------------------- |
+| 3.1  | Define `TraceContext` Protocol Buffer message        |
+| 3.2  | Implement protobuf context serialization             |
+| 3.3  | Instrument `PeerImp::handleTransaction()`            |
+| 3.4  | Instrument `NetworkOPs::submitTransaction()`         |
+| 3.5  | Instrument HashRouter integration                    |
+| 3.6  | Fee escalation instrumentation (`fee.escalate` span) |
+| 3.7  | Implement relay context propagation                  |
+| 3.8  | Integration tests (multi-node)                       |
+| 3.9  | Performance benchmarks                               |
+
+### Exit Criteria
+
+- [ ] Transaction traces span across nodes
+- [ ] Trace context in Protocol Buffer messages
+- [ ] HashRouter deduplication visible in traces
+- [ ] Multi-node integration tests passing
+- [ ] <5% overhead on transaction throughput
+
+---
+
+## 6.5 Phase 4: Consensus Tracing (Weeks 7-8)
+
+**Objective**: Full observability into consensus rounds
+
+### Tasks
+
+| Task | Description                                    |
+| ---- | ---------------------------------------------- |
+| 4.1  | Instrument `RCLConsensusAdaptor::startRound()` |
+| 4.2  | Instrument phase transitions                   |
+| 4.3  | Instrument proposal handling                   |
+| 4.4  | Instrument validation handling                 |
+| 4.5  | Add consensus-specific attributes              |
+| 4.6  | Correlate with transaction traces              |
+| 4.7  | Validator list and manifest tracing            |
+| 4.8  | Amendment voting tracing                       |
+| 4.9  | SHAMap sync tracing                            |
+| 4.10 | Multi-validator integration tests              |
+| 4.11 | Performance validation                         |
+
+### Exit Criteria
+
+- [ ] Complete consensus round traces
+- [ ] Phase transitions visible
+- [ ] Proposals and validations traced
+- [ ] No impact on consensus timing
+- [ ] Multi-validator test network validated
+
+### Implementation Status — Phase 4a Plan
+
+Phase 4a (establish-phase gap fill & cross-node correlation) will add:
+
+- **Deterministic trace ID** derived from `previousLedger.id()` so all validators
+  in the same round share the same `trace_id` (switchable via
+  `consensus_trace_strategy` config: `"deterministic"` or `"attribute"`).
+  See [Configuration Reference](./05-configuration-reference.md) for full
+  configuration options.
+- **Round lifecycle spans**: `consensus.round` with round-to-round span links.
+- **Establish phase**: `consensus.establish`, `consensus.update_positions` (with
+  `dispute.resolve` events), `consensus.check` (with threshold tracking).
+- **Mode changes**: `consensus.mode_change` spans.
+- **Validation**: `consensus.validation.send` with span link to round span
+  (thread-safe cross-thread access via `roundSpanContext_` snapshot).
+- **Separation of concerns**: telemetry extracted to private helpers
+  (`startRoundTracing`, `createValidationSpan`, `startEstablishTracing`,
+  `updateEstablishTracing`, `endEstablishTracing`).
+
+The `Phase4_taskList.md` spec document is introduced in the Phase 2 PR (#6424)
+and will contain the full task breakdown and implementation notes.
+
+---
+
+## 6.6 Phase 5: Documentation & Deployment (Week 9)
+
+**Objective**: Production readiness
+
+### Tasks
+
+| Task | Description                   |
+| ---- | ----------------------------- |
+| 5.1  | Operator runbook              |
+| 5.2  | Grafana dashboards            |
+| 5.3  | Alert definitions             |
+| 5.4  | Collector deployment examples |
+| 5.5  | Developer documentation       |
+| 5.6  | Training materials            |
+| 5.7  | Final integration testing     |
+
+---
+
+## 6.7 Risk Assessment
+
+```mermaid
+quadrantChart
+    title Risk Assessment Matrix
+    x-axis Low Impact --> High Impact
+    y-axis Low Likelihood --> High Likelihood
+    quadrant-1 Mitigate Immediately
+    quadrant-2 Plan Mitigation
+    quadrant-3 Accept Risk
+    quadrant-4 Monitor Closely
+
+    SDK Compat: [0.2, 0.18]
+    Protocol Chg: [0.75, 0.72]
+    Perf Overhead: [0.58, 0.42]
+    Context Prop: [0.4, 0.55]
+    Memory Leaks: [0.85, 0.25]
+```
+
+### Risk Details
+
+| Risk                                 | Likelihood | Impact | Mitigation                              |
+| ------------------------------------ | ---------- | ------ | --------------------------------------- |
+| Protocol changes break compatibility | Medium     | High   | Use high field numbers, optional fields |
+| Performance overhead unacceptable    | Medium     | Medium | Sampling, conditional compilation       |
+| Context propagation complexity       | Medium     | Medium | Phased rollout, extensive testing       |
+| SDK compatibility issues             | Low        | Medium | Pin SDK version, fallback to no-op      |
+| Memory leaks in long-running nodes   | Low        | High   | Memory profiling, bounded queues        |
+
+---
+
+## 6.8 Success Metrics
+
+| Metric                   | Target                                                         | Measurement           |
+| ------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------- |
+| Trace coverage           | >95% of transaction code paths (independent of sampling ratio) | Sampling verification |
+| CPU overhead             | <3%                                                            | Benchmark tests       |
+| Memory overhead          | <10 MB                                                         | Memory profiling      |
+| Latency impact (p99)     | <2%                                                            | Performance tests     |
+| Trace completeness       | >99% spans with required attrs                                 | Validation script     |
+| Cross-node trace linkage | >90% of multi-hop transactions                                 | Integration tests     |
+
+---
+
+## 6.9 Quick Wins and Crawl-Walk-Run Strategy
+
+> **TxQ** = Transaction Queue
+
+This section outlines a prioritized approach to maximize ROI with minimal initial investment.
+
+### 6.9.1 Crawl-Walk-Run Overview
+
+<div align="center">
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph crawl["🐢 CRAWL (Week 1-2)"]
+        direction LR
+        c1[Core SDK Setup] ~~~ c2[RPC Tracing Only] ~~~ c3[PathFinding + TxQ Tracing] ~~~ c4[Single Node]
+    end
+
+    subgraph walk["🚶 WALK (Week 3-5)"]
+        direction LR
+        w1[Transaction Tracing] ~~~ w2[Fee Escalation Tracing] ~~~ w3[Cross-Node Context] ~~~ w4[Basic Dashboards]
+    end
+
+    subgraph run["🏃 RUN (Week 6-9)"]
+        direction LR
+        r1[Consensus Tracing] ~~~ r2[Validator, Amendment,<br/>SHAMap Tracing] ~~~ r3[Full Correlation] ~~~ r4[Production Deploy]
+    end
+
+    crawl --> walk --> run
+
+    style crawl fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style walk fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style run fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style c1 fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style c2 fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style c3 fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style c4 fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style w1 fill:#ffe0b2,stroke:#ffcc80,color:#1e293b
+    style w2 fill:#ffe0b2,stroke:#ffcc80,color:#1e293b
+    style w3 fill:#ffe0b2,stroke:#ffcc80,color:#1e293b
+    style w4 fill:#ffe0b2,stroke:#ffcc80,color:#1e293b
+    style r1 fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style r2 fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style r3 fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style r4 fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+```
+
+</div>
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **CRAWL (Weeks 1-2)**: Minimal investment -- set up the SDK, instrument RPC and PathFinding/TxQ handlers, and verify on a single node. Delivers immediate latency visibility.
+- **WALK (Weeks 3-5)**: Expand to transaction lifecycle tracing, fee escalation, cross-node context propagation, and basic Grafana dashboards. This is where distributed tracing starts working.
+- **RUN (Weeks 6-9)**: Full consensus instrumentation, validator/amendment/SHAMap tracing, end-to-end correlation, and production deployment with sampling and alerting.
+- **Arrows (crawl → walk → run)**: Each phase builds on the prior one; you cannot skip ahead because later phases depend on infrastructure established earlier.
+
+### 6.9.2 Quick Wins (Immediate Value)
+
+| Quick Win                      | Value  | When to Deploy |
+| ------------------------------ | ------ | -------------- |
+| **RPC Command Tracing**        | High   | Week 2         |
+| **RPC Latency Histograms**     | High   | Week 2         |
+| **Error Rate Dashboard**       | Medium | Week 2         |
+| **Transaction Submit Tracing** | High   | Week 3         |
+| **Consensus Round Duration**   | Medium | Week 6         |
+
+### 6.9.3 CRAWL Phase (Weeks 1-2)
+
+**Goal**: Get basic tracing working with minimal code changes.
+
+**What You Get**:
+
+- RPC request/response traces for all commands
+- Latency breakdown per RPC command
+- PathFinding and TxQ tracing (directly impacts RPC latency)
+- Error visibility with stack traces
+- Basic Grafana dashboard
+
+**Code Changes**: ~15 lines in `ServerHandler.cpp`, ~40 lines in new telemetry module
+
+**Why Start Here**:
+
+- RPC is the lowest-risk, highest-visibility component
+- PathFinding and TxQ are RPC-adjacent and directly affect latency
+- Immediate value for debugging client issues
+- No cross-node complexity
+- Single file modification to existing code
+
+### 6.9.4 WALK Phase (Weeks 3-5)
+
+**Goal**: Add transaction lifecycle tracing across nodes.
+
+**What You Get**:
+
+- End-to-end transaction traces from submit to relay
+- Fee escalation tracing within the transaction pipeline
+- Cross-node correlation (see transaction path)
+- HashRouter deduplication visibility
+- Relay latency metrics
+
+**Code Changes**: ~120 lines across 4 files, plus protobuf extension
+
+**Why Do This Second**:
+
+- Builds on RPC tracing (transactions submitted via RPC)
+- Fee escalation is integral to the transaction processing pipeline
+- Moderate complexity (requires context propagation)
+- High value for debugging transaction issues
+
+### 6.9.5 RUN Phase (Weeks 6-9)
+
+**Goal**: Full observability including consensus.
+
+**What You Get**:
+
+- Complete consensus round visibility
+- Phase transition timing
+- Validator proposal tracking
+- Validator list and manifest tracing
+- Amendment voting tracing
+- SHAMap sync tracing
+- Full end-to-end traces (client → RPC → TX → consensus → ledger)
+
+**Code Changes**: ~100 lines across 3 consensus files, plus validator/amendment/SHAMap modules
+
+**Why Do This Last**:
+
+- Highest complexity (consensus is critical path)
+- Validator, amendment, and SHAMap components are lower priority
+- Requires thorough testing
+- Lower relative value (consensus issues are rarer)
+
+### 6.9.6 ROI Prioritization Matrix
+
+```mermaid
+quadrantChart
+    title Implementation ROI Matrix
+    x-axis Low Effort --> High Effort
+    y-axis Low Value --> High Value
+    quadrant-1 Quick Wins - Do First
+    quadrant-2 Major Projects - Plan Carefully
+    quadrant-3 Nice to Have - Optional
+    quadrant-4 Time Sinks - Avoid
+
+    RPC Tracing: [0.15, 0.92]
+    TX Submit Trace: [0.3, 0.78]
+    TX Relay Trace: [0.5, 0.88]
+    Consensus Trace: [0.72, 0.72]
+    Peer Msg Trace: [0.85, 0.3]
+    Ledger Acquire: [0.55, 0.52]
+```
+
+---
+
+## 6.10 Definition of Done
+
+> **TxQ** = Transaction Queue | **HA** = High Availability
+
+Clear, measurable criteria for each phase.
+
+### 6.10.1 Phase 1: Core Infrastructure
+
+| Criterion       | Measurement                                                | Target                       |
+| --------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------- |
+| SDK Integration | `cmake --build` succeeds with `-DXRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=ON` | ✅ Compiles                  |
+| Runtime Toggle  | `enabled=0` produces zero overhead                         | <0.1% CPU difference         |
+| Span Creation   | Unit test creates and exports span                         | Span appears in Tempo        |
+| Configuration   | All config options parsed correctly                        | Config validation tests pass |
+| Documentation   | Developer guide exists                                     | PR approved                  |
+
+**Definition of Done**: All criteria met, PR merged, no regressions in CI.
+
+### 6.10.2 Phase 2: RPC Tracing
+
+| Criterion          | Measurement                        | Target                     |
+| ------------------ | ---------------------------------- | -------------------------- |
+| Coverage           | All RPC commands instrumented      | 100% of commands           |
+| Context Extraction | traceparent header propagates      | Integration test passes    |
+| Attributes         | Command, status, duration recorded | Validation script confirms |
+| Performance        | RPC latency overhead               | <1ms p99                   |
+| Dashboard          | Grafana dashboard deployed         | Screenshot in docs         |
+
+**Definition of Done**: RPC traces visible in Tempo for all commands, dashboard shows latency distribution.
+
+### 6.10.3 Phase 3: Transaction Tracing
+
+| Criterion        | Measurement                     | Target                             |
+| ---------------- | ------------------------------- | ---------------------------------- |
+| Local Trace      | Submit → validate → TxQ traced  | Single-node test passes            |
+| Cross-Node       | Context propagates via protobuf | Multi-node test passes             |
+| Relay Visibility | relay_count attribute correct   | Spot check 100 txs                 |
+| HashRouter       | Deduplication visible in trace  | Duplicate txs show suppressed=true |
+| Performance      | TX throughput overhead          | <5% degradation                    |
+
+**Definition of Done**: Transaction traces span 3+ nodes in test network, performance within bounds.
+
+### 6.10.4 Phase 4: Consensus Tracing
+
+| Criterion            | Measurement                   | Target                    |
+| -------------------- | ----------------------------- | ------------------------- |
+| Round Tracing        | startRound creates root span  | Unit test passes          |
+| Phase Visibility     | All phases have child spans   | Integration test confirms |
+| Proposer Attribution | Proposer ID in attributes     | Spot check 50 rounds      |
+| Timing Accuracy      | Phase durations match PerfLog | <5% variance              |
+| No Consensus Impact  | Round timing unchanged        | Performance test passes   |
+
+**Definition of Done**: Consensus rounds fully traceable, no impact on consensus timing.
+
+### 6.10.5 Phase 5: Production Deployment
+
+| Criterion    | Measurement                  | Target                     |
+| ------------ | ---------------------------- | -------------------------- |
+| Collector HA | Multiple collectors deployed | No single point of failure |
+| Sampling     | Tail sampling configured     | 10% base + errors + slow   |
+| Retention    | Data retained per policy     | 7 days hot, 30 days warm   |
+| Alerting     | Alerts configured            | Error spike, high latency  |
+| Runbook      | Operator documentation       | Approved by ops team       |
+| Training     | Team trained                 | Session completed          |
+
+**Definition of Done**: Telemetry running in production, operators trained, alerts active.
+
+### 6.10.6 Success Metrics Summary
+
+| Phase   | Primary Metric         | Secondary Metric            | Deadline      |
+| ------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------- | ------------- |
+| Phase 1 | SDK compiles and runs  | Zero overhead when disabled | End of Week 2 |
+| Phase 2 | 100% RPC coverage      | <1ms latency overhead       | End of Week 4 |
+| Phase 3 | Cross-node traces work | <5% throughput impact       | End of Week 6 |
+| Phase 4 | Consensus fully traced | No consensus timing impact  | End of Week 8 |
+| Phase 5 | Production deployment  | Operators trained           | End of Week 9 |
+
+---
+
+## 6.11 Recommended Implementation Order
+
+Based on ROI analysis, implement in this exact order:
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph week1["Week 1"]
+        t1[1. OpenTelemetry SDK<br/>Conan/CMake integration]
+        t2[2. Telemetry interface<br/>SpanGuard, config]
+    end
+
+    subgraph week2["Week 2"]
+        t3[3. RPC ServerHandler<br/>instrumentation]
+        t4[4. Basic Tempo setup<br/>for testing]
+    end
+
+    subgraph week3["Week 3"]
+        t5[5. Transaction submit<br/>tracing]
+        t6[6. Grafana dashboard<br/>v1]
+    end
+
+    subgraph week4["Week 4"]
+        t7[7. Protobuf context<br/>extension]
+        t8[8. PeerImp tx.relay<br/>instrumentation]
+    end
+
+    subgraph week5["Week 5"]
+        t9[9. Multi-node<br/>integration tests]
+        t10[10. Performance<br/>benchmarks]
+    end
+
+    subgraph week6_8["Weeks 6-8"]
+        t11[11. Consensus<br/>instrumentation]
+        t12[12. Full integration<br/>testing]
+    end
+
+    subgraph week9["Week 9"]
+        t13[13. Production<br/>deployment]
+        t14[14. Documentation<br/>& training]
+    end
+
+    t1 --> t2 --> t3 --> t4
+    t4 --> t5 --> t6
+    t6 --> t7 --> t8
+    t8 --> t9 --> t10
+    t10 --> t11 --> t12
+    t12 --> t13 --> t14
+
+    style week1 fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style week2 fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style week3 fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style week4 fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style week5 fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style week6_8 fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style week9 fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+    style t1 fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style t2 fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style t3 fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style t4 fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style t5 fill:#ffe0b2,stroke:#ffcc80,color:#1e293b
+    style t6 fill:#ffe0b2,stroke:#ffcc80,color:#1e293b
+    style t7 fill:#ffe0b2,stroke:#ffcc80,color:#1e293b
+    style t8 fill:#ffe0b2,stroke:#ffcc80,color:#1e293b
+    style t9 fill:#ffe0b2,stroke:#ffcc80,color:#1e293b
+    style t10 fill:#ffe0b2,stroke:#ffcc80,color:#1e293b
+    style t11 fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style t12 fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style t13 fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+    style t14 fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **Week 1 (tasks 1-2)**: Foundation work -- integrate the OpenTelemetry SDK via Conan/CMake and build the `Telemetry` interface with `SpanGuard` and config parsing.
+- **Week 2 (tasks 3-4)**: First observable output -- instrument `ServerHandler` for RPC tracing and stand up Tempo so developers can see traces immediately.
+- **Weeks 3-5 (tasks 5-10)**: Transaction lifecycle -- add submit tracing, build the first Grafana dashboard, extend protobuf for cross-node context, instrument `PeerImp` relay, then validate with multi-node integration tests and performance benchmarks.
+- **Weeks 6-8 (tasks 11-12)**: Consensus deep-dive -- instrument consensus rounds and phases, then run full integration testing across all instrumented paths.
+- **Week 9 (tasks 13-14)**: Go-live -- deploy to production with sampling/alerting configured, and deliver documentation and operator training.
+- **Arrow chain (t1 → ... → t14)**: Strict sequential dependency; each task's output is a prerequisite for the next.
+
+---
+
+_Previous: [Configuration Reference](./05-configuration-reference.md)_ | _Next: [Observability Backends](./07-observability-backends.md)_ | _Back to: [Overview](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)_

OpenTelemetryPlan/07-observability-backends.md

@@ -0,0 +1,641 @@
+# Observability Backend Recommendations
+
+> **Parent Document**: [OpenTelemetryPlan.md](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)
+> **Related**: [Implementation Phases](./06-implementation-phases.md) | [Appendix](./08-appendix.md)
+
+---
+
+## 7.1 Development/Testing Backends
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+| Backend    | Pros                                | Cons                   | Use Case            |
+| ---------- | ----------------------------------- | ---------------------- | ------------------- |
+| **Tempo**  | Cost-effective, Grafana integration | Requires Grafana stack | Local dev, CI, Prod |
+| **Zipkin** | Simple, lightweight                 | Basic features         | Quick prototyping   |
+
+### Quick Start with Tempo
+
+```bash
+# Start Tempo with OTLP support
+docker run -d --name tempo \
+    -p 3200:3200 \
+    -p 4317:4317 \
+    -p 4318:4318 \
+    grafana/tempo:2.6.1
+```
+
+---
+
+## 7.2 Production Backends
+
+> **APM** = Application Performance Monitoring
+
+| Backend           | Pros                                      | Cons                   | Use Case                    |
+| ----------------- | ----------------------------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------- |
+| **Grafana Tempo** | Cost-effective, Grafana integration       | Requires Grafana stack | Most production deployments |
+| **Elastic APM**   | Full observability stack, log correlation | Resource intensive     | Existing Elastic users      |
+| **Honeycomb**     | Excellent query, high cardinality         | SaaS cost              | Deep debugging needs        |
+| **Datadog APM**   | Full platform, easy setup                 | SaaS cost              | Enterprise with budget      |
+
+### Backend Selection Flowchart
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TD
+    start[Select Backend] --> budget{Budget<br/>Constraints?}
+
+    budget -->|Yes| oss[Open Source]
+    budget -->|No| saas{Prefer<br/>SaaS?}
+
+    oss --> existing{Existing<br/>Stack?}
+    existing -->|Grafana| tempo[Grafana Tempo]
+    existing -->|Elastic| elastic[Elastic APM]
+    existing -->|None| tempo
+
+    saas -->|Yes| enterprise{Enterprise<br/>Support?}
+    saas -->|No| oss
+
+    enterprise -->|Yes| datadog[Datadog APM]
+    enterprise -->|No| honeycomb[Honeycomb]
+
+    tempo --> final[Configure Collector]
+    elastic --> final
+    honeycomb --> final
+    datadog --> final
+
+    style start fill:#0f172a,stroke:#020617,color:#fff
+    style budget fill:#334155,stroke:#1e293b,color:#fff
+    style oss fill:#1e293b,stroke:#0f172a,color:#fff
+    style existing fill:#334155,stroke:#1e293b,color:#fff
+    style saas fill:#334155,stroke:#1e293b,color:#fff
+    style enterprise fill:#334155,stroke:#1e293b,color:#fff
+    style final fill:#0f172a,stroke:#020617,color:#fff
+    style tempo fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style elastic fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style honeycomb fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style datadog fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **Budget Constraints? (Yes)**: Leads to open-source options. If you already run Grafana or Elastic, pick the matching backend; otherwise default to Grafana Tempo.
+- **Budget Constraints? (No) → Prefer SaaS?**: If you want a managed service, choose between Datadog (enterprise support) and Honeycomb (developer-focused). If not, fall back to open-source.
+- **Terminal nodes (Tempo / Elastic / Honeycomb / Datadog)**: Each represents a concrete backend choice, all of which feed into the same final step.
+- **Configure Collector**: Regardless of backend, you always finish by configuring the OTel Collector to export to your chosen destination.
+
+---
+
+## 7.3 Recommended Production Architecture
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol | **APM** = Application Performance Monitoring | **HA** = High Availability
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph validators["Validator Nodes"]
+        v1[xrpld<br/>Validator 1]
+        v2[xrpld<br/>Validator 2]
+    end
+
+    subgraph stock["Stock Nodes"]
+        s1[xrpld<br/>Stock 1]
+        s2[xrpld<br/>Stock 2]
+    end
+
+    subgraph collector["OTel Collector Cluster"]
+        c1[Collector<br/>DC1]
+        c2[Collector<br/>DC2]
+    end
+
+    subgraph backends["Storage Backends"]
+        tempo[(Grafana<br/>Tempo)]
+        elastic[(Elastic<br/>APM)]
+        archive[(S3/GCS<br/>Archive)]
+    end
+
+    subgraph ui["Visualization"]
+        grafana[Grafana<br/>Dashboards]
+    end
+
+    v1 -->|OTLP| c1
+    v2 -->|OTLP| c1
+    s1 -->|OTLP| c2
+    s2 -->|OTLP| c2
+
+    c1 --> tempo
+    c1 --> elastic
+    c2 --> tempo
+    c2 --> archive
+
+    tempo --> grafana
+    elastic --> grafana
+
+    %% Note: simplified single-collector-per-DC topology shown for clarity
+
+    style validators fill:#b71c1c,stroke:#7f1d1d,color:#ffffff
+    style stock fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#ffffff
+    style collector fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#ffffff
+    style backends fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#ffffff
+    style ui fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#ffffff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **Validator / Stock Nodes**: All xrpld nodes emit trace data via OTLP. Validators and stock nodes are grouped separately because they may reside in different network zones.
+- **Collector Cluster (DC1, DC2)**: Regional collectors receive OTLP from nodes in their datacenter, apply processing (sampling, enrichment), and fan out to multiple backends.
+- **Storage Backends**: Tempo and Elastic provide queryable trace storage; S3/GCS Archive provides long-term cold storage for compliance or post-incident analysis.
+- **Grafana Dashboards**: The single visualization layer that queries both Tempo and Elastic, giving operators a unified view of all traces.
+- **Data flow direction**: Nodes → Collectors → Storage → Grafana. Each arrow represents a network hop; minimizing collector-to-backend hops reduces latency.
+
+> **Note**: Production deployments should use multiple collector instances behind a load balancer for high availability. The diagram shows a simplified single-collector topology for clarity.
+
+---
+
+## 7.4 Architecture Considerations
+
+### 7.4.1 Collector Placement
+
+| Strategy      | Description          | Pros                     | Cons                    |
+| ------------- | -------------------- | ------------------------ | ----------------------- |
+| **Sidecar**   | Collector per node   | Isolation, simple config | Resource overhead       |
+| **DaemonSet** | Collector per host   | Shared resources         | Complexity              |
+| **Gateway**   | Central collector(s) | Centralized processing   | Single point of failure |
+
+**Recommendation**: Use **Gateway** pattern with regional collectors for xrpld networks:
+
+- One collector cluster per datacenter/region
+- Tail-based sampling at collector level
+- Multiple export destinations for redundancy
+
+### 7.4.2 Sampling Strategy
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart LR
+    subgraph head["Head Sampling (Node)"]
+        hs[Node-level head sampling<br/>configurable, default: 100%<br/>recommended production: 10%]
+    end
+
+    subgraph tail["Tail Sampling (Collector)"]
+        ts1[Keep all errors]
+        ts2[Keep slow >5s]
+        ts3[Keep 10% rest]
+    end
+
+    head --> tail
+
+    ts1 --> final[Final Traces]
+    ts2 --> final
+    ts3 --> final
+
+    style head fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style tail fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style hs fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style ts1 fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style ts2 fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style ts3 fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style final fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **Head Sampling (Node)**: The first filter -- each xrpld node decides whether to sample a trace at creation time (default 100%, recommended 10% in production). This controls the volume leaving the node.
+- **Tail Sampling (Collector)**: The second filter -- the collector inspects completed traces and applies rules: keep all errors, keep anything slower than 5 seconds, and keep 10% of the remainder.
+- **Arrow head → tail**: All head-sampled traces flow to the collector, where tail sampling further reduces volume while preserving the most valuable data.
+- **Final Traces**: The output after both sampling stages; this is what gets stored and queried. The two-stage approach balances cost with debuggability.
+
+### 7.4.3 Data Retention
+
+| Environment | Hot Storage | Warm Storage | Cold Archive |
+| ----------- | ----------- | ------------ | ------------ |
+| Development | 24 hours    | N/A          | N/A          |
+| Staging     | 7 days      | N/A          | N/A          |
+| Production  | 7 days      | 30 days      | many years   |
+
+---
+
+## 7.5 Integration Checklist
+
+- [ ] Choose primary backend (Tempo recommended for cost/features)
+- [ ] Deploy collector cluster with high availability
+- [ ] Configure tail-based sampling for error/latency traces
+- [ ] Set up Grafana dashboards for trace visualization
+- [ ] Configure alerts for trace anomalies
+- [ ] Establish data retention policies
+- [ ] Test trace correlation with logs and metrics
+
+---
+
+## 7.6 Grafana Dashboard Examples
+
+Pre-built dashboards for xrpld observability.
+
+### 7.6.1 Consensus Health Dashboard
+
+```json
+{
+  "title": "xrpld Consensus Health",
+  "uid": "xrpld-consensus-health",
+  "tags": ["xrpld", "consensus", "tracing"],
+  "panels": [
+    {
+      "title": "Consensus Round Duration",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\" && name=\"consensus.round\"} | avg(duration) by (resource.service.instance.id)"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "ms",
+          "thresholds": {
+            "steps": [
+              { "color": "green", "value": null },
+              { "color": "yellow", "value": 4000 },
+              { "color": "red", "value": 5000 }
+            ]
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "gridPos": { "h": 8, "w": 12, "x": 0, "y": 0 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Phase Duration Breakdown",
+      "type": "barchart",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\" && name=~\"consensus.phase.*\"} | avg(duration) by (name)"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 8, "w": 12, "x": 12, "y": 0 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Proposers per Round",
+      "type": "stat",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\" && name=\"consensus.round\"} | avg(span.xrpl.consensus.proposers)"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 4, "w": 6, "x": 0, "y": 8 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Recent Slow Rounds (>5s)",
+      "type": "table",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\" && name=\"consensus.round\"} | duration > 5s"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 8, "w": 24, "x": 0, "y": 12 }
+    }
+  ]
+}
+```
+
+### 7.6.2 Node Overview Dashboard
+
+```json
+{
+  "title": "xrpld Node Overview",
+  "uid": "xrpld-node-overview",
+  "panels": [
+    {
+      "title": "Active Nodes",
+      "type": "stat",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\"} | count_over_time() by (resource.service.instance.id) | count()"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 4, "w": 4, "x": 0, "y": 0 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Total Transactions (1h)",
+      "type": "stat",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\" && name=\"tx.receive\"} | count()"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 4, "w": 4, "x": 4, "y": 0 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Error Rate",
+      "type": "gauge",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\" && status.code=error} | rate() / {resource.service.name=\"xrpld\"} | rate() * 100"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "unit": "percent",
+          "max": 10,
+          "thresholds": {
+            "steps": [
+              { "color": "green", "value": null },
+              { "color": "yellow", "value": 1 },
+              { "color": "red", "value": 5 }
+            ]
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "gridPos": { "h": 4, "w": 4, "x": 8, "y": 0 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Service Map",
+      "type": "nodeGraph",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "gridPos": { "h": 12, "w": 12, "x": 12, "y": 0 }
+    }
+  ]
+}
+```
+
+### 7.6.3 Alert Rules
+
+```yaml
+# grafana/provisioning/alerting/rippled-alerts.yaml
+apiVersion: 1
+
+groups:
+  - name: xrpld-tracing-alerts
+    folder: xrpld
+    interval: 1m
+    rules:
+      - uid: consensus-slow
+        title: Consensus Round Slow
+        condition: A
+        data:
+          - refId: A
+            datasourceUid: tempo
+            model:
+              queryType: traceql
+              query: '{resource.service.name="xrpld" && name="consensus.round"} | avg(duration) > 5s'
+              # Note: Verify TraceQL aggregate queries are supported by your
+              # Tempo version. Aggregate alerting (e.g., avg(duration)) requires
+              # Tempo 2.3+ with TraceQL metrics enabled.
+        for: 5m
+        annotations:
+          summary: Consensus rounds taking >5 seconds
+          description: "Consensus duration: {{ $value }}ms"
+        labels:
+          severity: warning
+
+      - uid: rpc-error-spike
+        title: RPC Error Rate Spike
+        condition: B
+        data:
+          - refId: B
+            datasourceUid: tempo
+            model:
+              queryType: traceql
+              query: '{resource.service.name="xrpld" && name=~"rpc.command.*" && status.code=error} | rate() > 0.05'
+              # Note: Verify TraceQL aggregate queries are supported by your
+              # Tempo version. Aggregate alerting (e.g., rate()) requires
+              # Tempo 2.3+ with TraceQL metrics enabled.
+        for: 2m
+        annotations:
+          summary: RPC error rate >5%
+        labels:
+          severity: critical
+
+      - uid: tx-throughput-drop
+        title: Transaction Throughput Drop
+        condition: C
+        data:
+          - refId: C
+            datasourceUid: tempo
+            model:
+              queryType: traceql
+              query: '{resource.service.name="xrpld" && name="tx.receive"} | rate() < 10'
+        for: 10m
+        annotations:
+          summary: Transaction throughput below threshold
+        labels:
+          severity: warning
+```
+
+---
+
+## 7.7 PerfLog and Insight Correlation
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+How to correlate OpenTelemetry traces with existing xrpld observability.
+
+### 7.7.1 Correlation Architecture
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph xrpld["xrpld Node"]
+        otel[OpenTelemetry<br/>Spans]
+        perflog[PerfLog<br/>JSON Logs]
+        insight[Beast Insight<br/>StatsD Metrics]
+    end
+
+    subgraph collectors["Data Collection"]
+        otelc[OTel Collector]
+        promtail[Promtail/Fluentd]
+        statsd[StatsD Exporter]
+    end
+
+    subgraph storage["Storage"]
+        tempo[(Tempo)]
+        loki[(Loki)]
+        prom[(Prometheus)]
+    end
+
+    subgraph grafana["Grafana"]
+        traces[Trace View]
+        logs[Log View]
+        metrics[Metrics View]
+        corr[Correlation<br/>Panel]
+    end
+
+    otel -->|OTLP| otelc --> tempo
+    perflog -->|JSON| promtail --> loki
+    insight -->|StatsD| statsd --> prom
+
+    tempo --> traces
+    loki --> logs
+    prom --> metrics
+
+    traces --> corr
+    logs --> corr
+    metrics --> corr
+
+    style xrpld fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style collectors fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style storage fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style grafana fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+    style otel fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style perflog fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style insight fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style otelc fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style promtail fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style statsd fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style tempo fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style loki fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style prom fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff
+    style traces fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+    style logs fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+    style metrics fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+    style corr fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **xrpld Node (three sources)**: A single node emits three independent data streams -- OpenTelemetry spans, PerfLog JSON logs, and Beast Insight StatsD metrics.
+- **Data Collection layer**: Each stream has its own collector -- OTel Collector for spans, Promtail/Fluentd for logs, and a StatsD exporter for metrics. They operate independently.
+- **Storage layer (Tempo, Loki, Prometheus)**: Each data type lands in a purpose-built store optimized for its query patterns (trace search, log grep, metric aggregation).
+- **Grafana Correlation Panel**: The key integration point -- Grafana queries all three stores and links them via shared fields (`trace_id`, `xrpl.tx.hash`, `ledger_seq`), enabling a single-pane debugging experience.
+
+### 7.7.2 Correlation Fields
+
+| Source      | Field                       | Link To       | Purpose                    |
+| ----------- | --------------------------- | ------------- | -------------------------- |
+| **Trace**   | `trace_id`                  | Logs          | Find log entries for trace |
+| **Trace**   | `xrpl.tx.hash`              | Logs, Metrics | Find TX-related data       |
+| **Trace**   | `xrpl.consensus.ledger.seq` | Logs          | Find ledger-related logs   |
+| **PerfLog** | `trace_id` (new)            | Traces        | Jump to trace from log     |
+| **PerfLog** | `ledger_seq`                | Traces        | Find consensus trace       |
+| **Insight** | `exemplar.trace_id`         | Traces        | Jump from metric spike     |
+
+### 7.7.3 Example: Debugging a Slow Transaction
+
+**Step 1: Find the trace**
+
+```
+# In Grafana Explore with Tempo
+{resource.service.name="xrpld" && span.xrpl.tx.hash="ABC123..."}
+```
+
+**Step 2: Get the trace_id from the trace view**
+
+```
+Trace ID: 4bf92f3577b34da6a3ce929d0e0e4736
+```
+
+**Step 3: Find related PerfLog entries**
+
+```
+# In Grafana Explore with Loki
+{job="xrpld"} |= "4bf92f3577b34da6a3ce929d0e0e4736"
+```
+
+**Step 4: Check Insight metrics for the time window**
+
+```
+# In Grafana with Prometheus
+rate(xrpld_tx_applied_total[1m])
+  @ timestamp_from_trace
+```
+
+### 7.7.4 Unified Dashboard Example
+
+```json
+{
+  "title": "xrpld Unified Observability",
+  "uid": "xrpld-unified",
+  "panels": [
+    {
+      "title": "Transaction Latency (Traces)",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\" && name=\"tx.receive\"} | histogram_over_time(duration)"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 6, "w": 8, "x": 0, "y": 0 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Transaction Rate (Metrics)",
+      "type": "timeseries",
+      "datasource": "Prometheus",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "expr": "rate(xrpld_tx_received_total[5m])",
+          "legendFormat": "{{ instance }}"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "defaults": {
+          "links": [
+            {
+              "title": "View traces",
+              "url": "/explore?left={\"datasource\":\"Tempo\",\"query\":\"{resource.service.name=\\\"xrpld\\\" && name=\\\"tx.receive\\\"}\"}"
+            }
+          ]
+        }
+      },
+      "gridPos": { "h": 6, "w": 8, "x": 8, "y": 0 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Recent Logs",
+      "type": "logs",
+      "datasource": "Loki",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "expr": "{job=\"xrpld\"} | json"
+        }
+      ],
+      "gridPos": { "h": 6, "w": 8, "x": 16, "y": 0 }
+    },
+    {
+      "title": "Trace Search",
+      "type": "table",
+      "datasource": "Tempo",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "queryType": "traceql",
+          "query": "{resource.service.name=\"xrpld\"}"
+        }
+      ],
+      "fieldConfig": {
+        "overrides": [
+          {
+            "matcher": { "id": "byName", "options": "traceID" },
+            "properties": [
+              {
+                "id": "links",
+                "value": [
+                  {
+                    "title": "View trace",
+                    "url": "/explore?left={\"datasource\":\"Tempo\",\"query\":\"${__value.raw}\"}"
+                  },
+                  {
+                    "title": "View logs",
+                    "url": "/explore?left={\"datasource\":\"Loki\",\"query\":\"{job=\\\"xrpld\\\"} |= \\\"${__value.raw}\\\"\"}"
+                  }
+                ]
+              }
+            ]
+          }
+        ]
+      },
+      "gridPos": { "h": 12, "w": 24, "x": 0, "y": 6 }
+    }
+  ]
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+_Previous: [Implementation Phases](./06-implementation-phases.md)_ | _Next: [Appendix](./08-appendix.md)_ | _Back to: [Overview](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)_

OpenTelemetryPlan/08-appendix.md

@@ -0,0 +1,196 @@
+# Appendix
+
+> **Parent Document**: [OpenTelemetryPlan.md](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)
+> **Related**: [Observability Backends](./07-observability-backends.md)
+
+---
+
+## 8.1 Glossary
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol | **TxQ** = Transaction Queue
+
+| Term                  | Definition                                                 |
+| --------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Span**              | A unit of work with start/end time, name, and attributes   |
+| **Trace**             | A collection of spans representing a complete request flow |
+| **Trace ID**          | 128-bit unique identifier for a trace                      |
+| **Span ID**           | 64-bit unique identifier for a span within a trace         |
+| **Context**           | Carrier for trace/span IDs across boundaries               |
+| **Propagator**        | Component that injects/extracts context                    |
+| **Sampler**           | Decides which traces to record                             |
+| **Exporter**          | Sends spans to backend                                     |
+| **Collector**         | Receives, processes, and forwards telemetry                |
+| **OTLP**              | OpenTelemetry Protocol (wire format)                       |
+| **W3C Trace Context** | Standard HTTP headers for trace propagation                |
+| **Baggage**           | Key-value pairs propagated across service boundaries       |
+| **Resource**          | Entity producing telemetry (service, host, etc.)           |
+| **Instrumentation**   | Code that creates telemetry data                           |
+
+### xrpld-Specific Terms
+
+| Term              | Definition                                                    |
+| ----------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Overlay**       | P2P network layer managing peer connections                   |
+| **Consensus**     | XRP Ledger consensus algorithm (RCL)                          |
+| **Proposal**      | Validator's suggested transaction set for a ledger            |
+| **Validation**    | Validator's signature on a closed ledger                      |
+| **HashRouter**    | Component for transaction deduplication                       |
+| **JobQueue**      | Thread pool for asynchronous task execution                   |
+| **PerfLog**       | Existing performance logging system in xrpld                  |
+| **Beast Insight** | Existing metrics framework in xrpld                           |
+| **PathFinding**   | Payment path computation engine for cross-currency payments   |
+| **TxQ**           | Transaction queue managing fee-based prioritization           |
+| **LoadManager**   | Dynamic fee escalation based on network load                  |
+| **SHAMap**        | SHA-256 hash-based map (Merkle trie variant) for ledger state |
+
+---
+
+## 8.2 Span Hierarchy Visualization
+
+> **TxQ** = Transaction Queue
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph trace["Trace: Transaction Lifecycle"]
+        rpc["rpc.request<br/>(entry point)"]
+        validate["tx.validate"]
+        relay["tx.relay<br/>(parent span)"]
+
+        subgraph peers["Peer Spans"]
+            p1["peer.send<br/>Peer A"]
+            p2["peer.send<br/>Peer B"]
+            p3["peer.send<br/>Peer C"]
+        end
+
+        subgraph pathfinding["PathFinding Spans"]
+            pathfind["pathfind.request"]
+            pathcomp["pathfind.compute"]
+        end
+
+        consensus["consensus.round"]
+        apply["tx.apply"]
+
+        subgraph txqueue["TxQ Spans"]
+            txq["txq.enqueue"]
+            txqApply["txq.apply"]
+        end
+
+        feeCalc["fee.escalate"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph validators["Validator Spans"]
+        valFetch["validator.list.fetch"]
+        valManifest["validator.manifest"]
+    end
+
+    rpc --> validate
+    rpc --> pathfind
+    pathfind --> pathcomp
+    validate --> relay
+    relay --> p1
+    relay --> p2
+    relay --> p3
+    p1 -.->|"context propagation"| consensus
+    consensus --> apply
+    apply --> txq
+    txq --> txqApply
+    txq --> feeCalc
+
+    style trace fill:#0f172a,stroke:#020617,color:#fff
+    style peers fill:#1e3a8a,stroke:#172554,color:#fff
+    style pathfinding fill:#134e4a,stroke:#0f766e,color:#fff
+    style txqueue fill:#064e3b,stroke:#047857,color:#fff
+    style validators fill:#4c1d95,stroke:#6d28d9,color:#fff
+    style rpc fill:#1d4ed8,stroke:#1e40af,color:#fff
+    style validate fill:#047857,stroke:#064e3b,color:#fff
+    style relay fill:#047857,stroke:#064e3b,color:#fff
+    style p1 fill:#0e7490,stroke:#155e75,color:#fff
+    style p2 fill:#0e7490,stroke:#155e75,color:#fff
+    style p3 fill:#0e7490,stroke:#155e75,color:#fff
+    style consensus fill:#fef3c7,stroke:#fde68a,color:#1e293b
+    style apply fill:#047857,stroke:#064e3b,color:#fff
+    style pathfind fill:#0e7490,stroke:#155e75,color:#fff
+    style pathcomp fill:#0e7490,stroke:#155e75,color:#fff
+    style txq fill:#047857,stroke:#064e3b,color:#fff
+    style txqApply fill:#047857,stroke:#064e3b,color:#fff
+    style feeCalc fill:#047857,stroke:#064e3b,color:#fff
+    style valFetch fill:#6d28d9,stroke:#4c1d95,color:#fff
+    style valManifest fill:#6d28d9,stroke:#4c1d95,color:#fff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **rpc.request (blue, top)**: The entry point — every traced transaction starts as an RPC call; this root span is the parent of all downstream work.
+- **tx.validate and pathfind.request (green/teal, first fork)**: The RPC request fans out into transaction validation and, for cross-currency payments, a PathFinding branch (`pathfind.request` -> `pathfind.compute`).
+- **tx.relay -> Peer Spans (teal, middle)**: After validation, the transaction is relayed to peers A, B, and C in parallel; each `peer.send` is a sibling child span showing fan-out across the network.
+- **context propagation (dashed arrow)**: The dotted line from `peer.send Peer A` to `consensus.round` represents the trace context crossing a node boundary — the receiving validator picks up the same `trace_id` and continues the trace.
+- **consensus.round -> tx.apply -> TxQ Spans (green, lower)**: Once consensus accepts the transaction, it is applied to the ledger; the TxQ spans (`txq.enqueue`, `txq.apply`, `fee.escalate`) capture queue depth and fee escalation behavior.
+- **Validator Spans (purple, detached)**: `validator.list.fetch` and `validator.manifest` are independent workflows for UNL management — they run on their own traces and are linked to consensus via Span Links, not parent-child relationships.
+
+---
+
+## 8.3 References
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+### OpenTelemetry Resources
+
+1. [OpenTelemetry C++ SDK](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-cpp)
+2. [OpenTelemetry Specification](https://opentelemetry.io/docs/specs/otel/)
+3. [OpenTelemetry Collector](https://opentelemetry.io/docs/collector/)
+4. [OTLP Protocol Specification](https://opentelemetry.io/docs/specs/otlp/)
+
+### Standards
+
+5. [W3C Trace Context](https://www.w3.org/TR/trace-context/)
+6. [W3C Baggage](https://www.w3.org/TR/baggage/)
+7. [Protocol Buffers](https://protobuf.dev/)
+
+### xrpld Resources
+
+8. [xrpld Source Code](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled)
+9. [XRP Ledger Documentation](https://xrpl.org/docs/)
+10. [xrpld Overlay README](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/blob/develop/src/xrpld/overlay/README.md)
+11. [xrpld RPC README](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/blob/develop/src/xrpld/rpc/README.md)
+12. [xrpld Consensus README](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/blob/develop/src/xrpld/app/consensus/README.md)
+
+---
+
+## 8.4 Version History
+
+| Version | Date       | Author | Changes                                                        |
+| ------- | ---------- | ------ | -------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| 1.0     | 2026-02-12 | -      | Initial implementation plan                                    |
+| 1.1     | 2026-02-13 | -      | Refactored into modular documents                              |
+| 1.2     | 2026-03-24 | -      | Review fixes: accuracy corrections, cross-document consistency |
+
+---
+
+## 8.5 Document Index
+
+### Plan Documents
+
+| Document                                                         | Description                                  |
+| ---------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------- |
+| [OpenTelemetryPlan.md](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)                   | Master overview and executive summary        |
+| [00-tracing-fundamentals.md](./00-tracing-fundamentals.md)       | Distributed tracing concepts and OTel primer |
+| [01-architecture-analysis.md](./01-architecture-analysis.md)     | xrpld architecture and trace points          |
+| [02-design-decisions.md](./02-design-decisions.md)               | SDK selection, exporters, span conventions   |
+| [03-implementation-strategy.md](./03-implementation-strategy.md) | Directory structure, performance analysis    |
+| [04-code-samples.md](./04-code-samples.md)                       | C++ code examples for all components         |
+| [05-configuration-reference.md](./05-configuration-reference.md) | xrpld config, CMake, Collector configs       |
+| [06-implementation-phases.md](./06-implementation-phases.md)     | Timeline, tasks, risks, success metrics      |
+| [07-observability-backends.md](./07-observability-backends.md)   | Backend selection and architecture           |
+| [08-appendix.md](./08-appendix.md)                               | Glossary, references, version history        |
+| [presentation.md](./presentation.md)                             | Slide deck for OTel plan overview            |
+
+### Task Lists
+
+| Document                             | Description                                         |
+| ------------------------------------ | --------------------------------------------------- |
+| [POC_taskList.md](./POC_taskList.md) | Proof-of-concept telemetry integration              |
+| [presentation.md](./presentation.md) | Presentation slides for OpenTelemetry plan overview |
+
+---
+
+_Previous: [Observability Backends](./07-observability-backends.md)_ | _Back to: [Overview](./OpenTelemetryPlan.md)_

OpenTelemetryPlan/OpenTelemetryPlan.md

@@ -0,0 +1,231 @@
+# [OpenTelemetry](00-tracing-fundamentals.md) Distributed Tracing Implementation Plan for xrpld (xrpld)
+
+## Executive Summary
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+This document provides a comprehensive implementation plan for integrating OpenTelemetry distributed tracing into the xrpld XRP Ledger node software. The plan addresses the unique challenges of a decentralized peer-to-peer system where trace context must propagate across network boundaries between independent nodes.
+
+### Key Benefits
+
+- **End-to-end transaction visibility**: Track transactions from submission through consensus to ledger inclusion
+- **Consensus round analysis**: Understand timing and behavior of consensus phases across validators
+- **RPC performance insights**: Identify slow handlers and optimize response times
+- **Network topology understanding**: Visualize message propagation patterns between peers
+- **Incident debugging**: Correlate events across distributed nodes during issues
+
+### Estimated Performance Overhead
+
+| Metric        | Overhead   | Notes                               |
+| ------------- | ---------- | ----------------------------------- |
+| CPU           | 1-3%       | Span creation and attribute setting |
+| Memory        | 2-5 MB     | Batch buffer for pending spans      |
+| Network       | 10-50 KB/s | Compressed OTLP export to collector |
+| Latency (p99) | <2%        | With proper sampling configuration  |
+
+---
+
+## Document Structure
+
+This implementation plan is organized into modular documents for easier navigation:
+
+<div align="center">
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    overview["📋 OpenTelemetryPlan.md<br/>(This Document)"]
+
+    subgraph fundamentals["Fundamentals"]
+        fund["00-tracing-fundamentals.md"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph analysis["Analysis & Design"]
+        arch["01-architecture-analysis.md"]
+        design["02-design-decisions.md"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph impl["Implementation"]
+        strategy["03-implementation-strategy.md"]
+        code["04-code-samples.md"]
+        config["05-configuration-reference.md"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph deploy["Deployment & Planning"]
+        phases["06-implementation-phases.md"]
+        backends["07-observability-backends.md"]
+        appendix["08-appendix.md"]
+        poc["POC_taskList.md"]
+    end
+
+    overview --> fundamentals
+    overview --> analysis
+    overview --> impl
+    overview --> deploy
+
+    fund --> arch
+    arch --> design
+    design --> strategy
+    strategy --> code
+    code --> config
+    config --> phases
+    phases --> backends
+    backends --> appendix
+    phases --> poc
+
+    style overview fill:#1b5e20,stroke:#0d3d14,color:#fff,stroke-width:2px
+    style fundamentals fill:#00695c,stroke:#004d40,color:#fff
+    style fund fill:#00695c,stroke:#004d40,color:#fff
+    style analysis fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style impl fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style deploy fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+    style arch fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style design fill:#0d47a1,stroke:#082f6a,color:#fff
+    style strategy fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style code fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style config fill:#bf360c,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style phases fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+    style backends fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+    style appendix fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+    style poc fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+```
+
+</div>
+
+---
+
+## Table of Contents
+
+| Section | Document                                                   | Description                                                            |
+| ------- | ---------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **0**   | [Tracing Fundamentals](./00-tracing-fundamentals.md)       | Distributed tracing concepts, span relationships, context propagation  |
+| **1**   | [Architecture Analysis](./01-architecture-analysis.md)     | xrpld component analysis, trace points, instrumentation priorities     |
+| **2**   | [Design Decisions](./02-design-decisions.md)               | SDK selection, exporters, span naming, attributes, context propagation |
+| **3**   | [Implementation Strategy](./03-implementation-strategy.md) | Directory structure, key principles, performance optimization          |
+| **4**   | [Code Samples](./04-code-samples.md)                       | C++ implementation examples for core infrastructure and key modules    |
+| **5**   | [Configuration Reference](./05-configuration-reference.md) | xrpld config, CMake integration, Collector configurations              |
+| **6**   | [Implementation Phases](./06-implementation-phases.md)     | 5-phase timeline, tasks, risks, success metrics                        |
+| **7**   | [Observability Backends](./07-observability-backends.md)   | Backend selection guide and production architecture                    |
+| **8**   | [Appendix](./08-appendix.md)                               | Glossary, references, version history                                  |
+| **POC** | [POC Task List](./POC_taskList.md)                         | Proof of concept tasks for RPC tracing end-to-end demo                 |
+
+---
+
+## 0. Tracing Fundamentals
+
+This document introduces distributed tracing concepts for readers unfamiliar with the domain. It covers what traces and spans are, how parent-child and follows-from relationships model causality, how context propagates across service boundaries, and how sampling controls data volume. It also maps these concepts to xrpld-specific scenarios like transaction relay and consensus.
+
+➡️ **[Read Tracing Fundamentals](./00-tracing-fundamentals.md)**
+
+---
+
+## 1. Architecture Analysis
+
+> **WS** = WebSocket | **TxQ** = Transaction Queue
+
+The xrpld node consists of several key components that require instrumentation for comprehensive distributed tracing. The main areas include the RPC server (HTTP/WebSocket), Overlay P2P network, Consensus mechanism (RCLConsensus), JobQueue for async task execution, PathFinding, Transaction Queue (TxQ), fee escalation (LoadManager), ledger acquisition, validator management, and existing observability infrastructure (PerfLog, Insight/StatsD, Journal logging).
+
+Key trace points span across transaction submission via RPC, peer-to-peer message propagation, consensus round execution, ledger building, path computation, transaction queue behavior, fee escalation, and validator health. The implementation prioritizes high-value, low-risk components first: RPC handlers provide immediate value with minimal risk, while consensus tracing requires careful implementation to avoid timing impacts.
+
+➡️ **[Read full Architecture Analysis](./01-architecture-analysis.md)**
+
+---
+
+## 2. Design Decisions
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol | **CNCF** = Cloud Native Computing Foundation
+
+The OpenTelemetry C++ SDK is selected for its CNCF backing, active development, and native performance characteristics. Traces are exported via OTLP/gRPC (primary) or OTLP/HTTP (fallback) to an OpenTelemetry Collector, which provides flexible routing and sampling.
+
+Span naming follows a hierarchical `<component>.<operation>` convention (e.g., `rpc.submit`, `tx.relay`, `consensus.round`). Context propagation uses W3C Trace Context headers for HTTP and embedded Protocol Buffer fields for P2P messages. The implementation coexists with existing PerfLog and Insight observability systems through correlation IDs.
+
+**Data Collection & Privacy**: Telemetry collects only operational metadata (timing, counts, hashes) — never sensitive content (private keys, balances, amounts, raw payloads). Privacy protection includes account hashing, configurable redaction, sampling, and collector-level filtering. Node operators retain full control over telemetry configuration.
+
+➡️ **[Read full Design Decisions](./02-design-decisions.md)**
+
+---
+
+## 3. Implementation Strategy
+
+The telemetry code is organized under `include/xrpl/telemetry/` for headers and `src/libxrpl/telemetry/` for implementation. Key principles include RAII-based span management via `SpanGuard` (with `discard()` for dropping unwanted spans), a `FilteringSpanProcessor` that intercepts `OnEnd()` to prevent discarded spans from entering the export pipeline, conditional compilation with `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY`, and minimal runtime overhead through batch processing and efficient sampling.
+
+Performance optimization strategies include probabilistic head sampling (10% default), tail-based sampling at the collector for errors and slow traces, batch export to reduce network overhead, and conditional instrumentation that compiles to no-ops when disabled.
+
+➡️ **[Read full Implementation Strategy](./03-implementation-strategy.md)**
+
+---
+
+## 4. Code Samples
+
+C++ implementation examples are provided for the core telemetry infrastructure and key modules:
+
+- `Telemetry.h` - Core interface for tracer access and span creation
+- `SpanGuard.h` - RAII wrapper for automatic span lifecycle management with `discard()` support
+- `DiscardFlag.h` - Thread-local flag for span discard signaling between SpanGuard and FilteringSpanProcessor
+- `SpanGuard.cpp` - Pimpl implementation confining all OTel SDK types
+- Protocol Buffer extensions for trace context propagation
+- Module-specific instrumentation (RPC, Consensus, P2P, JobQueue)
+- Remaining modules (PathFinding, TxQ, Validator, etc.) follow the same patterns
+
+➡️ **[View all Code Samples](./04-code-samples.md)**
+
+---
+
+## 5. Configuration Reference
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol | **APM** = Application Performance Monitoring
+
+Configuration is handled through the `[telemetry]` section in `xrpld.cfg` with options for enabling/disabling, exporter selection, endpoint configuration, sampling ratios, and component-level filtering. CMake integration includes a `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY` option for compile-time control.
+
+OpenTelemetry Collector configurations are provided for development and production (with tail-based sampling, Tempo, and Elastic APM). Docker Compose examples enable quick local development environment setup.
+
+➡️ **[View full Configuration Reference](./05-configuration-reference.md)**
+
+---
+
+## 6. Implementation Phases
+
+The implementation spans 9 weeks across 5 phases:
+
+| Phase | Duration  | Focus               | Key Deliverables                                    |
+| ----- | --------- | ------------------- | --------------------------------------------------- |
+| 1     | Weeks 1-2 | Core Infrastructure | SDK integration, Telemetry interface, Configuration |
+| 2     | Weeks 3-4 | RPC Tracing         | HTTP context extraction, Handler instrumentation    |
+| 3     | Weeks 5-6 | Transaction Tracing | Protocol Buffer context, Relay propagation          |
+| 4     | Weeks 7-8 | Consensus Tracing   | Round spans, Proposal/validation tracing            |
+| 5     | Week 9    | Documentation       | Runbook, Dashboards, Training                       |
+
+**Total Effort**: 47 person-days (2 developers working in parallel)
+
+➡️ **[View full Implementation Phases](./06-implementation-phases.md)**
+
+---
+
+## 7. Observability Backends
+
+> **APM** = Application Performance Monitoring | **GCS** = Google Cloud Storage
+
+Grafana Tempo is recommended for all environments due to its cost-effectiveness and Grafana integration, while Elastic APM is ideal for organizations with existing Elastic infrastructure.
+
+The recommended production architecture uses a gateway collector pattern with regional collectors performing tail-based sampling, routing traces to multiple backends (Tempo for primary storage, Elastic for log correlation, S3/GCS for long-term archive).
+
+➡️ **[View Observability Backend Recommendations](./07-observability-backends.md)**
+
+---
+
+## 8. Appendix
+
+The appendix contains a glossary of OpenTelemetry and xrpld-specific terms, references to external documentation and specifications, version history for this implementation plan, and a complete document index.
+
+➡️ **[View Appendix](./08-appendix.md)**
+
+---
+
+## POC Task List
+
+A step-by-step task list for building a minimal end-to-end proof of concept that demonstrates distributed tracing in xrpld. The POC scope is limited to RPC tracing — showing request traces flowing from xrpld through an OpenTelemetry Collector into Tempo, viewable in Grafana.
+
+➡️ **[View POC Task List](./POC_taskList.md)**
+
+---
+
+_This document provides a comprehensive implementation plan for integrating OpenTelemetry distributed tracing into the xrpld XRP Ledger node software. For detailed information on any section, follow the links to the corresponding sub-documents._

OpenTelemetryPlan/POC_taskList.md

@@ -0,0 +1,628 @@
+# OpenTelemetry POC Task List
+
+> **Goal**: Build a minimal end-to-end proof of concept that demonstrates distributed tracing in xrpld. A successful POC will show RPC request traces flowing from xrpld through an OTel Collector into Tempo, viewable in Grafana.
+>
+> **Scope**: RPC tracing only (highest value, lowest risk per the [CRAWL phase](./06-implementation-phases.md#6102-quick-wins-immediate-value) in the implementation phases). No cross-node P2P context propagation or consensus tracing in the POC.
+
+### Related Plan Documents
+
+| Document                                                         | Relevance to POC                                                                                                                                        |
+| ---------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| [00-tracing-fundamentals.md](./00-tracing-fundamentals.md)       | Core concepts: traces, spans, context propagation, sampling                                                                                             |
+| [01-architecture-analysis.md](./01-architecture-analysis.md)     | RPC request flow (§1.5), key trace points (§1.6), instrumentation priority (§1.7)                                                                       |
+| [02-design-decisions.md](./02-design-decisions.md)               | SDK selection (§2.1), exporter config (§2.2), span naming (§2.3), attribute schema (§2.4), coexistence with PerfLog/Insight (§2.6)                      |
+| [03-implementation-strategy.md](./03-implementation-strategy.md) | Directory structure (§3.1), key principles (§3.2), performance overhead (§3.3-3.6), conditional compilation (§3.7.3), code intrusiveness (§3.9)         |
+| [04-code-samples.md](./04-code-samples.md)                       | Telemetry interface (§4.1), SpanGuard factory methods (§4.2-4.3), RPC instrumentation (§4.5.3)                                                          |
+| [05-configuration-reference.md](./05-configuration-reference.md) | xrpld config (§5.1), config parser (§5.2), Application integration (§5.3), CMake (§5.4), Collector config (§5.5), Docker Compose (§5.6), Grafana (§5.8) |
+| [06-implementation-phases.md](./06-implementation-phases.md)     | Phase 1 core tasks (§6.2), Phase 2 RPC tasks (§6.3), quick wins (§6.10), definition of done (§6.11)                                                     |
+| [07-observability-backends.md](./07-observability-backends.md)   | Tempo dev setup (§7.1), Grafana dashboards (§7.6), alert rules (§7.6.3)                                                                                 |
+
+---
+
+## Task 0: Docker Observability Stack Setup
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+**Objective**: Stand up the backend infrastructure to receive, store, and display traces.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Create `docker/telemetry/docker-compose.yml` in the repo with three services:
+  1. **OpenTelemetry Collector** (`otel/opentelemetry-collector-contrib:0.92.0`)
+     - Expose ports `4317` (OTLP gRPC) and `4318` (OTLP HTTP)
+     - Expose port `13133` (health check)
+     - Mount a config file `docker/telemetry/otel-collector-config.yaml`
+  2. **Tempo** (`grafana/tempo:2.6.1`)
+     - Expose port `3200` (HTTP API) and `4317` (OTLP gRPC, internal)
+  3. **Grafana** (`grafana/grafana:latest`) — optional but useful
+     - Expose port `3000`
+     - Enable anonymous admin access for local dev (`GF_AUTH_ANONYMOUS_ENABLED=true`, `GF_AUTH_ANONYMOUS_ORG_ROLE=Admin`)
+     - Provision Tempo as a data source via `docker/telemetry/grafana/provisioning/datasources/tempo.yaml`
+
+- Create `docker/telemetry/otel-collector-config.yaml`:
+
+  ```yaml
+  receivers:
+    otlp:
+      protocols:
+        grpc:
+          endpoint: 0.0.0.0:4317
+        http:
+          endpoint: 0.0.0.0:4318
+
+  processors:
+    batch:
+      timeout: 1s
+      send_batch_size: 100
+
+  exporters:
+    logging:
+      verbosity: detailed
+    otlp/tempo:
+      endpoint: tempo:4317
+      tls:
+        insecure: true
+
+  service:
+    pipelines:
+      traces:
+        receivers: [otlp]
+        processors: [batch]
+        exporters: [logging, otlp/tempo]
+  ```
+
+- Create Grafana Tempo datasource provisioning file at `docker/telemetry/grafana/provisioning/datasources/tempo.yaml`:
+  ```yaml
+  apiVersion: 1
+  datasources:
+    - name: Tempo
+      type: tempo
+      access: proxy
+      url: http://tempo:3200
+  ```
+
+**Verification**: Run `docker compose -f docker/telemetry/docker-compose.yml up -d`, then:
+
+- `curl http://localhost:13133` returns healthy (Collector)
+- `http://localhost:3000` opens Grafana (Tempo datasource available, no traces yet)
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [05-configuration-reference.md §5.5](./05-configuration-reference.md) — Collector config (dev YAML with Tempo exporter)
+- [05-configuration-reference.md §5.6](./05-configuration-reference.md) — Docker Compose development environment
+- [07-observability-backends.md §7.1](./07-observability-backends.md) — Tempo quick start and backend selection
+- [05-configuration-reference.md §5.8](./05-configuration-reference.md) — Grafana datasource provisioning and dashboards
+
+---
+
+## Task 1: Add OpenTelemetry C++ SDK Dependency
+
+**Objective**: Make `opentelemetry-cpp` available to the build system.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Edit `conanfile.py` to add `opentelemetry-cpp` as an **optional** dependency. The gRPC otel plugin flag (`"grpc/*:otel_plugin": False`) in the existing conanfile may need to remain false — we pull the OTel SDK separately.
+  - Add a Conan option: `with_telemetry = [True, False]` defaulting to `False`
+  - When `with_telemetry` is `True`, add `opentelemetry-cpp` to `self.requires()`
+  - Required OTel Conan components: `opentelemetry-cpp` (which bundles api, sdk, and exporters). If the package isn't in Conan Center, consider using `FetchContent` in CMake or building from source as a fallback.
+- Edit `CMakeLists.txt`:
+  - Add option: `option(XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY "Enable OpenTelemetry tracing" OFF)`
+  - When ON, `find_package(opentelemetry-cpp CONFIG REQUIRED)` and add compile definition `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY`
+  - When OFF, do nothing (zero build impact)
+- Verify the build succeeds with `-DXRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=OFF` (no regressions) and with `-DXRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=ON` (SDK links successfully).
+
+**Key files**:
+
+- `conanfile.py`
+- `CMakeLists.txt`
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [05-configuration-reference.md §5.4](./05-configuration-reference.md) — CMake integration, `FindOpenTelemetry.cmake`, `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY` option
+- [03-implementation-strategy.md §3.2](./03-implementation-strategy.md) — Key principle: zero-cost when disabled via compile-time flags
+- [02-design-decisions.md §2.1](./02-design-decisions.md) — SDK selection rationale and required OTel components
+
+---
+
+## Task 2: Create Core Telemetry Interface and NullTelemetry
+
+**Objective**: Define the `Telemetry` abstract interface and a no-op implementation so the rest of the codebase can reference telemetry without hard-depending on the OTel SDK.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Create `include/xrpl/telemetry/Telemetry.h`:
+  - Define `namespace xrpl::telemetry`
+  - Define `struct Telemetry::Setup` holding: `enabled`, `exporterEndpoint`, `samplingRatio`, `serviceName`, `serviceVersion`, `serviceInstanceId`, `traceRpc`, `traceTransactions`, `traceConsensus`, `tracePeer`
+  - Define abstract `class Telemetry` with:
+    - `virtual void start() = 0;`
+    - `virtual void stop() = 0;`
+    - `virtual bool isEnabled() const = 0;`
+    - `virtual nostd::shared_ptr<Tracer> getTracer(string_view name = "xrpld") = 0;`
+    - `virtual nostd::shared_ptr<Span> startSpan(string_view name, SpanKind kind = kInternal) = 0;`
+    - `virtual nostd::shared_ptr<Span> startSpan(string_view name, Context const& parentContext, SpanKind kind = kInternal) = 0;`
+    - `virtual bool shouldTraceRpc() const = 0;`
+    - `virtual bool shouldTraceTransactions() const = 0;`
+    - `virtual bool shouldTraceConsensus() const = 0;`
+  - Factory: `std::unique_ptr<Telemetry> make_Telemetry(Setup const&, beast::Journal);`
+  - Config parser: `Telemetry::Setup setup_Telemetry(Section const&, std::string const& nodePublicKey, std::string const& version);`
+
+- Create `include/xrpl/telemetry/SpanGuard.h`:
+  - RAII guard with static factory methods (`rpcSpan()`, `txSpan()`, `consensusSpan()`, etc.) that access the global `Telemetry::getInstance()` singleton internally.
+  - Uses pimpl idiom to hide all OTel types -- the public header has zero `opentelemetry/` includes.
+  - Convenience instance methods: `setAttribute()`, `setOk()`, `setStatus()`, `addEvent()`, `recordException()`, `context()`, `discard()`
+  - When `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY` is not defined, the entire class compiles to a no-op stub.
+  - See [04-code-samples.md](./04-code-samples.md) §4.2-4.3 for the full API reference.
+
+- Create `src/libxrpl/telemetry/NullTelemetry.cpp`:
+  - Implements `Telemetry` with all no-ops.
+  - `isEnabled()` returns `false`, `startSpan()` returns a noop span.
+  - This is used when `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY` is OFF or `enabled=0` in config.
+
+- Guard all OTel SDK headers behind `#ifdef XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY`. The `NullTelemetry` implementation should compile without the OTel SDK present.
+
+**Key new files**:
+
+- `include/xrpl/telemetry/Telemetry.h`
+- `include/xrpl/telemetry/SpanGuard.h`
+- `src/libxrpl/telemetry/NullTelemetry.cpp`
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [04-code-samples.md §4.1](./04-code-samples.md) — Full `Telemetry` interface with `Setup` struct, lifecycle, tracer access, span creation, and component filtering methods
+- [04-code-samples.md §4.2-4.3](./04-code-samples.md) — SpanGuard with factory methods, pimpl design, no-op stub, and discard support
+- [03-implementation-strategy.md §3.1](./03-implementation-strategy.md) — Directory structure: `include/xrpl/telemetry/` for headers, `src/libxrpl/telemetry/` for implementation
+- [03-implementation-strategy.md §3.7.3](./03-implementation-strategy.md) — Conditional instrumentation and zero-cost compile-time disabled pattern
+
+---
+
+## Task 3: Implement OTel-Backed Telemetry
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+**Objective**: Implement the real `Telemetry` class that initializes the OTel SDK, configures the OTLP exporter and batch processor, and creates tracers/spans.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Create `src/libxrpl/telemetry/Telemetry.cpp` (compiled only when `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=ON`):
+  - `class TelemetryImpl : public Telemetry` that:
+    - In `start()`: creates a `TracerProvider` with:
+      - Resource attributes: `service.name`, `service.version`, `service.instance.id`
+      - An `OtlpHttpExporter` pointed at `setup.exporterEndpoint` (default `localhost:4318`)
+      - A `BatchSpanProcessor` with configurable batch size and delay
+      - A `TraceIdRatioBasedSampler` using `setup.samplingRatio`
+    - Sets the global `TracerProvider`
+    - In `stop()`: calls `ForceFlush()` then shuts down the provider
+    - In `startSpan()`: delegates to `getTracer()->StartSpan(name, ...)`
+    - `shouldTraceRpc()` etc. read from `Setup` fields
+
+- Create `src/libxrpl/telemetry/TelemetryConfig.cpp`:
+  - `setup_Telemetry()` parses the `[telemetry]` config section from `xrpld.cfg`
+  - Maps config keys: `enabled`, `exporter`, `endpoint`, `sampling_ratio`, `trace_rpc`, `trace_transactions`, `trace_consensus`, `trace_peer`
+
+- Wire `make_Telemetry()` factory:
+  - If `setup.enabled` is true AND `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY` is defined: return `TelemetryImpl`
+  - Otherwise: return `NullTelemetry`
+
+- Add telemetry source files to CMake. When `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=ON`, compile `Telemetry.cpp` and `TelemetryConfig.cpp` and link against `opentelemetry-cpp::api`, `opentelemetry-cpp::sdk`, `opentelemetry-cpp::otlp_grpc_exporter`. When OFF, compile only `NullTelemetry.cpp`.
+
+**Key new files**:
+
+- `src/libxrpl/telemetry/Telemetry.cpp`
+- `src/libxrpl/telemetry/TelemetryConfig.cpp`
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `CMakeLists.txt` (add telemetry library target)
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [04-code-samples.md §4.1](./04-code-samples.md) — `Telemetry` interface that `TelemetryImpl` must implement
+- [05-configuration-reference.md §5.2](./05-configuration-reference.md) — `setup_Telemetry()` config parser implementation
+- [02-design-decisions.md §2.2](./02-design-decisions.md) — OTLP/gRPC exporter config (endpoint, TLS options)
+- [02-design-decisions.md §2.4.1](./02-design-decisions.md) — Resource attributes: `service.name`, `service.version`, `service.instance.id`, `xrpl.network.id`
+- [03-implementation-strategy.md §3.4](./03-implementation-strategy.md) — Per-operation CPU costs and overhead budget for span creation
+- [03-implementation-strategy.md §3.5](./03-implementation-strategy.md) — Memory overhead: static (~456 KB) and dynamic (~1.2 MB) budgets
+
+---
+
+## Task 4: Integrate Telemetry into Application Lifecycle
+
+**Objective**: Wire the `Telemetry` object into the `ServiceRegistry` / `Application` so all components can access it.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Edit `include/xrpl/core/ServiceRegistry.h`:
+  - Forward-declare `namespace telemetry { class Telemetry; }` inside `namespace xrpl`
+  - Add pure virtual method: `virtual telemetry::Telemetry& getTelemetry() = 0;`
+  - (`Application` extends `ServiceRegistry`, so this is automatically available on `Application` too)
+
+- Edit `src/xrpld/app/main/Application.cpp` (the `ApplicationImp` class):
+  - Add member: `std::unique_ptr<telemetry::Telemetry> telemetry_;`
+  - In the member initializer list, construct telemetry with an empty
+    `serviceInstanceId` (node identity is not yet known):
+    ```cpp
+    , telemetry_(
+          telemetry::make_Telemetry(
+              telemetry::setup_Telemetry(
+                  config_->section("telemetry"),
+                  "",  // Updated later via setServiceInstanceId()
+                  BuildInfo::getVersionString()),
+              logs_->journal("Telemetry")))
+    ```
+  - In `setup()`, after `nodeIdentity_` is resolved, inject the node
+    public key as the service instance ID:
+    ```cpp
+    if (!config_->section("telemetry").exists("service_instance_id"))
+        telemetry_->setServiceInstanceId(
+            toBase58(TokenType::NodePublic, nodeIdentity_->first));
+    ```
+  - In `start()`: call `telemetry_->start()`
+  - In `run()` (shutdown path): call `telemetry_->stop()` (to flush pending spans)
+  - Implement `getTelemetry()` override: return `*telemetry_`
+
+- Add `[telemetry]` section to the example config `cfg/xrpld-example.cfg`:
+  ```ini
+  # [telemetry]
+  # enabled=1
+  # endpoint=http://localhost:4318/v1/traces
+  # sampling_ratio=1.0
+  # trace_rpc=1
+  ```
+
+> **Access patterns**: Components holding `ServiceRegistry&` (e.g.
+> `NetworkOPsImp`) call `registry_.get().getTelemetry()`. Components
+> holding `Application&` (e.g. `ServerHandler`, `PeerImp`,
+> `RCLConsensusAdaptor`) call `app_.getTelemetry()` directly. Both
+> resolve to the same `Telemetry` instance.
+
+**Key modified files**:
+
+- `include/xrpl/core/ServiceRegistry.h`
+- `src/xrpld/app/main/Application.cpp`
+- `cfg/xrpld-example.cfg` (example config)
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [05-configuration-reference.md §5.3](./05-configuration-reference.md) — `ApplicationImp` changes: member declaration, constructor init, `start()`/`stop()` wiring, `getTelemetry()` override
+- [05-configuration-reference.md §5.1](./05-configuration-reference.md) — `[telemetry]` config section format and all option defaults
+- [03-implementation-strategy.md §3.9.2](./03-implementation-strategy.md) — File impact assessment: `Application.cpp` ~15 lines added, ~3 changed (Low risk)
+
+---
+
+## Task 5: Add SpanGuard Factory Methods
+
+**Objective**: Add static factory methods to SpanGuard that provide type-safe, one-liner instrumentation and compile to zero-cost no-ops when telemetry is disabled. This replaces the earlier macro-based approach (`TracingInstrumentation.h` has been removed).
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Update `include/xrpl/telemetry/SpanGuard.h`:
+  - Add static factory methods that access the global `Telemetry::getInstance()` singleton and check the relevant component filter before creating a span:
+
+    ```cpp
+    // Each factory checks the global Telemetry instance internally.
+    // No Telemetry& reference needed at the call site.
+    auto span = telemetry::SpanGuard::rpcSpan("rpc.request");
+    span.setAttribute("command", command);
+    span.setAttribute("rpc_status", status);
+    ```
+
+  - Factory methods: `rpcSpan()`, `txSpan()`, `consensusSpan()`, `peerSpan()`, `ledgerSpan()`, `span()`
+  - Use the pimpl idiom to hide all OTel types from the public header (zero `opentelemetry/` includes)
+  - When `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY` is NOT defined, the entire class compiles to a no-op stub with empty inline method bodies
+
+- No separate `TracingInstrumentation.h` file is needed. All instrumentation call sites use `#include <xrpl/telemetry/SpanGuard.h>` directly.
+
+**Key modified file**:
+
+- `include/xrpl/telemetry/SpanGuard.h`
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [04-code-samples.md §4.3](./04-code-samples.md) — SpanGuard API reference: factory methods, usage patterns, compile-time disabled behavior, and discard support
+- [03-implementation-strategy.md §3.7.3](./03-implementation-strategy.md) — Conditional instrumentation pattern: factory methods handle compile-time and runtime checks internally
+- [03-implementation-strategy.md §3.9.7](./03-implementation-strategy.md) — Before/after code examples showing minimal intrusiveness (~1-3 lines per instrumentation point)
+
+---
+
+## Task 6: Instrument RPC ServerHandler
+
+> **WS** = WebSocket
+
+**Objective**: Add tracing to the HTTP RPC entry point so every incoming RPC request creates a span.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Edit `src/xrpld/rpc/detail/ServerHandler.cpp`:
+  - `#include <xrpl/telemetry/SpanGuard.h>`
+  - In `ServerHandler::onRequest(Session& session)`:
+    - At the top of the method, add: `auto span = telemetry::SpanGuard::rpcSpan("rpc.request");`
+    - After the RPC command name is extracted, set attribute: `span.setAttribute("command", command);`
+    - After the response status is known, set: `span.setAttribute("http.status_code", static_cast<int64_t>(statusCode));`
+    - Wrap error paths with: `span.recordException(e);`
+  - In `ServerHandler::processRequest(...)`:
+    - Add a child span: `auto span = telemetry::SpanGuard::rpcSpan("rpc.process");`
+    - Set method attribute: `span.setAttribute("method", request_method);`
+  - In `ServerHandler::onWSMessage(...)` (WebSocket path):
+    - Add: `auto span = telemetry::SpanGuard::rpcSpan("rpc.ws.message");`
+
+- The goal is to see spans like:
+  ```
+  rpc.request
+    └── rpc.process
+  ```
+  in Tempo/Grafana for every HTTP RPC call.
+
+**Key modified file**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/rpc/detail/ServerHandler.cpp` (~15-25 lines added)
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [04-code-samples.md §4.5.3](./04-code-samples.md) — Complete `ServerHandler::onRequest()` instrumented code sample using SpanGuard factory methods
+- [01-architecture-analysis.md §1.5](./01-architecture-analysis.md) — RPC request flow diagram: HTTP request -> attributes -> jobqueue.enqueue -> rpc.command -> response
+- [01-architecture-analysis.md §1.6](./01-architecture-analysis.md) — Key trace points table: `rpc.request` in `ServerHandler.cpp::onRequest()` (Priority: High)
+- [02-design-decisions.md §2.3](./02-design-decisions.md) — Span naming convention: `rpc.request`, `rpc.command.*`
+- [02-design-decisions.md §2.4.2](./02-design-decisions.md) — RPC span attributes: `command`, `version`, `rpc_role`, `xrpl.rpc.params`
+- [03-implementation-strategy.md §3.9.2](./03-implementation-strategy.md) — File impact: `ServerHandler.cpp` ~40 lines added, ~10 changed (Low risk)
+
+---
+
+## Task 7: Instrument RPC Command Execution
+
+**Objective**: Add per-command tracing inside the RPC handler so each command (e.g., `submit`, `account_info`, `server_info`) gets its own child span.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Edit `src/xrpld/rpc/detail/RPCHandler.cpp`:
+  - `#include <xrpl/telemetry/SpanGuard.h>`
+  - In `doCommand(RPC::JsonContext& context, Json::Value& result)`:
+    - At the top: `auto span = telemetry::SpanGuard::rpcSpan("rpc.command." + context.method);`
+    - Set attributes:
+      - `span.setAttribute("command", context.method);`
+      - `span.setAttribute("version", static_cast<int64_t>(context.apiVersion));`
+      - `span.setAttribute("rpc_role", (context.role == Role::ADMIN) ? "admin" : "user");`
+    - On success: `span.setAttribute("rpc_status", "success");`
+    - On error: `span.setAttribute("rpc_status", "error");` and set the error message
+
+- After this, traces in Tempo/Grafana should look like:
+  ```
+  rpc.request  (command=account_info)
+    └── rpc.process
+          └── rpc.command.account_info  (version=2, rpc_role=user, rpc_status=success)
+  ```
+
+**Key modified file**:
+
+- `src/xrpld/rpc/detail/RPCHandler.cpp` (~15-20 lines added)
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [04-code-samples.md §4.5.3](./04-code-samples.md) — `ServerHandler::onRequest()` code sample (includes child span pattern for `rpc.command.*`)
+- [02-design-decisions.md §2.3](./02-design-decisions.md) — Span naming: `rpc.command.*` pattern with dynamic command name (e.g., `rpc.command.server_info`)
+- [02-design-decisions.md §2.4.2](./02-design-decisions.md) — RPC attribute schema: `command`, `version`, `rpc_role`, `rpc_status`
+- [01-architecture-analysis.md §1.6](./01-architecture-analysis.md) — Key trace points table: `rpc.command.*` in `RPCHandler.cpp::doCommand()` (Priority: High)
+- [02-design-decisions.md §2.6.5](./02-design-decisions.md) — Correlation with PerfLog: how `doCommand()` can link trace_id with existing PerfLog entries
+- [03-implementation-strategy.md §3.4.4](./03-implementation-strategy.md) — RPC request overhead budget: ~1.75 μs total per request
+
+---
+
+## Task 8: Build, Run, and Verify End-to-End
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+**Objective**: Prove the full pipeline works: xrpld emits traces -> OTel Collector receives them -> Tempo stores them for Grafana visualization.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+1. **Start the Docker stack**:
+
+   ```bash
+   docker compose -f docker/telemetry/docker-compose.yml up -d
+   ```
+
+   Verify Collector health: `curl http://localhost:13133`
+
+2. **Build xrpld with telemetry**:
+
+   ```bash
+   # Adjust for your actual build workflow
+   conan install . --build=missing -o with_telemetry=True
+   cmake --preset default -DXRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=ON
+   cmake --build --preset default
+   ```
+
+3. **Configure xrpld**:
+   Add to `xrpld.cfg` (or your local test config):
+
+   ```ini
+   [telemetry]
+   enabled=1
+   endpoint=localhost:4317
+   sampling_ratio=1.0
+   trace_rpc=1
+   ```
+
+4. **Start xrpld** in standalone mode:
+
+   ```bash
+   ./rippled --conf xrpld.cfg -a --start
+   ```
+
+5. **Generate RPC traffic**:
+
+   ```bash
+   # server_info
+   curl -s -X POST http://localhost:5005 \
+       -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
+       -d '{"method":"server_info","params":[{}]}'
+
+   # ledger
+   curl -s -X POST http://localhost:5005 \
+       -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
+       -d '{"method":"ledger","params":[{"ledger_index":"current"}]}'
+
+   # account_info (will error in standalone, that's fine — we trace errors too)
+   curl -s -X POST http://localhost:5005 \
+       -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
+       -d '{"method":"account_info","params":[{"account":"rHb9CJAWyB4rj91VRWn96DkukG4bwdtyTh"}]}'
+   ```
+
+6. **Verify in Grafana (Tempo)**:
+   - Open `http://localhost:3000`
+   - Navigate to Explore → select Tempo datasource
+   - Search for service `xrpld`
+   - Confirm you see traces with spans: `rpc.request` -> `rpc.process` -> `rpc.command.server_info`
+   - Click into a trace and verify attributes: `command`, `rpc_status`, `version`
+
+7. **Verify zero-overhead when disabled**:
+   - Rebuild with `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=OFF`, or set `enabled=0` in config
+   - Run the same RPC calls
+   - Confirm no new traces appear and no errors in xrpld logs
+
+**Verification Checklist**:
+
+- [ ] Docker stack starts without errors
+- [ ] xrpld builds with `-DXRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=ON`
+- [ ] xrpld starts and connects to OTel Collector (check xrpld logs for telemetry messages)
+- [ ] Traces appear in Grafana/Tempo under service "xrpld"
+- [ ] Span hierarchy is correct (parent-child relationships)
+- [ ] Span attributes are populated (`command`, `rpc_status`, etc.)
+- [ ] Error spans show error status and message
+- [ ] Building with `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=OFF` produces no regressions
+- [ ] Setting `enabled=0` at runtime produces no traces and no errors
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [06-implementation-phases.md §6.11.1](./06-implementation-phases.md) — Phase 1 definition of done: SDK compiles, runtime toggle works, span creation verified in Tempo, config validation passes
+- [06-implementation-phases.md §6.11.2](./06-implementation-phases.md#6112-phase-2-rpc-tracing) — Phase 2 definition of done: 100% RPC coverage, traceparent propagation, <1ms p99 overhead, dashboard deployed
+- [06-implementation-phases.md §6.8](./06-implementation-phases.md) — Success metrics: trace coverage >95%, CPU overhead <3%, memory <5 MB, latency impact <2%
+- [03-implementation-strategy.md §3.9.5](./03-implementation-strategy.md) — Backward compatibility: config optional, protocol unchanged, `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=OFF` produces identical binary
+- [01-architecture-analysis.md §1.8](./01-architecture-analysis.md) — Observable outcomes: what traces, metrics, and dashboards to expect
+
+---
+
+## Task 9: Document POC Results and Next Steps
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol | **WS** = WebSocket
+
+**Objective**: Capture findings, screenshots, and remaining work for the team.
+
+**What to do**:
+
+- Take screenshots of Grafana/Tempo showing:
+  - The service list with "xrpld"
+  - A trace with the full span tree
+  - Span detail view showing attributes
+- Document any issues encountered (build issues, SDK quirks, missing attributes)
+- Note performance observations (build time impact, any noticeable runtime overhead)
+- Write a short summary of what the POC proves and what it doesn't cover yet:
+  - **Proves**: OTel SDK integrates with xrpld, OTLP export works, RPC traces visible
+  - **Doesn't cover**: Cross-node P2P context propagation, consensus tracing, protobuf trace context, W3C traceparent header extraction, tail-based sampling, production deployment
+- Outline next steps (mapping to the full plan phases):
+  - [Phase 2](./06-implementation-phases.md) completion: [W3C header extraction](./02-design-decisions.md) (§2.5), WebSocket tracing, all [RPC handlers](./01-architecture-analysis.md) (§1.6)
+  - [Phase 3](./06-implementation-phases.md): [Protobuf `TraceContext` message](./04-code-samples.md) (§4.4), [transaction relay tracing](./04-code-samples.md) (§4.5.1) across nodes
+  - [Phase 4](./06-implementation-phases.md): [Consensus round and phase tracing](./04-code-samples.md) (§4.5.2)
+  - [Phase 5](./06-implementation-phases.md): [Production collector config](./05-configuration-reference.md) (§5.5.2), [Grafana dashboards](./07-observability-backends.md) (§7.6), [alerting](./07-observability-backends.md) (§7.6.3)
+
+**Reference**:
+
+- [06-implementation-phases.md §6.1](./06-implementation-phases.md) — Full 5-phase timeline overview and Gantt chart
+- [06-implementation-phases.md §6.10](./06-implementation-phases.md) — Crawl-Walk-Run strategy: POC is the CRAWL phase, next steps are WALK and RUN
+- [06-implementation-phases.md §6.12](./06-implementation-phases.md) — Recommended implementation order (14 steps across 9 weeks)
+- [03-implementation-strategy.md §3.9](./03-implementation-strategy.md) — Code intrusiveness assessment and risk matrix for each remaining component
+- [07-observability-backends.md §7.2](./07-observability-backends.md) — Production backend selection (Tempo, Elastic APM, Honeycomb, Datadog)
+- [02-design-decisions.md §2.5](./02-design-decisions.md) — Context propagation design: W3C HTTP headers, protobuf P2P, JobQueue internal
+- [00-tracing-fundamentals.md](./00-tracing-fundamentals.md) — Reference for team onboarding on distributed tracing concepts
+
+---
+
+## Summary
+
+| Task | Description                          | New Files | Modified Files | Depends On |
+| ---- | ------------------------------------ | --------- | -------------- | ---------- |
+| 0    | Docker observability stack           | 4         | 0              | —          |
+| 1    | OTel C++ SDK dependency              | 0         | 2              | —          |
+| 2    | Core Telemetry interface + NullImpl  | 3         | 0              | 1          |
+| 3    | OTel-backed Telemetry implementation | 2         | 1              | 1, 2       |
+| 4    | Application lifecycle integration    | 0         | 3              | 2, 3       |
+| 5    | SpanGuard factory methods            | 0         | 1              | 2          |
+| 6    | Instrument RPC ServerHandler         | 0         | 1              | 4, 5       |
+| 7    | Instrument RPC command execution     | 0         | 1              | 4, 5       |
+| 8    | End-to-end verification              | 0         | 0              | 0-7        |
+| 9    | Document results and next steps      | 1         | 0              | 8          |
+
+**Parallel work**: Tasks 0 and 1 can run in parallel. Tasks 2 and 5 have no dependency on each other. Tasks 6 and 7 can be done in parallel once Tasks 4 and 5 are complete.
+
+---
+
+## Next Steps (Post-POC)
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol | **WS** = WebSocket
+
+### Metrics Pipeline for Grafana Dashboards
+
+The current POC exports **traces only**. Grafana's Explore view can query Tempo for individual traces, but time-series charts (latency histograms, request throughput, error rates) require a **metrics pipeline**. To enable this:
+
+1. **Add a `spanmetrics` connector** to the OTel Collector config that derives RED metrics (Rate, Errors, Duration) from trace spans automatically:
+
+   ```yaml
+   connectors:
+     spanmetrics:
+       histogram:
+         explicit:
+           buckets: [1ms, 5ms, 10ms, 25ms, 50ms, 100ms, 250ms, 500ms, 1s, 5s]
+       dimensions:
+         - name: command
+         - name: rpc_status
+
+   exporters:
+     prometheus:
+       endpoint: 0.0.0.0:8889
+
+   service:
+     pipelines:
+       traces:
+         receivers: [otlp]
+         processors: [batch]
+         exporters: [debug, otlp/tempo, spanmetrics]
+       metrics:
+         receivers: [spanmetrics]
+         exporters: [prometheus]
+   ```
+
+2. **Add Prometheus** to the Docker Compose stack to scrape the collector's metrics endpoint.
+
+3. **Add Prometheus as a Grafana datasource** and build dashboards for:
+   - RPC request latency (p50/p95/p99) by command
+   - RPC throughput (requests/sec) by command
+   - Error rate by command
+   - Span duration distribution
+
+### Additional Instrumentation
+
+- **W3C `traceparent` header extraction** in `ServerHandler` to support cross-service context propagation from external callers
+- **WebSocket RPC tracing** in `ServerHandler::onWSMessage()`
+- **Transaction relay tracing** across nodes using protobuf `TraceContext` messages
+- **Consensus round and phase tracing** for validator coordination visibility
+- **Ledger close tracing** to measure close-to-validated latency
+
+### Production Hardening
+
+- **Tail-based sampling** in the OTel Collector to reduce volume while retaining error/slow traces
+- **TLS configuration** for the OTLP exporter in production deployments
+- **Resource limits** on the batch processor queue to prevent unbounded memory growth
+- **Health monitoring** for the telemetry pipeline itself (collector lag, export failures)
+
+### POC Lessons Learned
+
+Issues encountered during POC implementation that inform future work:
+
+| Issue                                                                                              | Resolution                                                                    | Impact on Future Work                                            |
+| -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| Conan lockfile rejected `opentelemetry-cpp/1.18.0`                                                 | Used `--lockfile=""` to bypass                                                | Lockfile must be regenerated when adding new dependencies        |
+| Conan package only builds OTLP HTTP exporter, not gRPC                                             | Switched from gRPC to HTTP exporter (`localhost:4318/v1/traces`)              | HTTP exporter is the default; gRPC requires custom Conan profile |
+| CMake target `opentelemetry-cpp::api` etc. don't exist in Conan package                            | Use umbrella target `opentelemetry-cpp::opentelemetry-cpp`                    | Conan targets differ from upstream CMake targets                 |
+| OTel Collector `logging` exporter deprecated                                                       | Renamed to `debug` exporter                                                   | Use `debug` in all collector configs going forward               |
+| Macro parameter `telemetry` collided with `::xrpl::telemetry::` namespace                          | Replaced macros with SpanGuard factory methods (no macros needed)             | Factory methods avoid macro hygiene issues entirely              |
+| `opentelemetry::trace::Scope` creates new context on move                                          | Store scope as member, create once in constructor                             | SpanGuard move semantics need care with Scope lifecycle          |
+| `TracerProviderFactory::Create` returns `unique_ptr<sdk::TracerProvider>`, not `nostd::shared_ptr` | Use `std::shared_ptr` member, wrap in `nostd::shared_ptr` for global provider | OTel SDK factory return types don't match API provider types     |

OpenTelemetryPlan/presentation.md

@@ -0,0 +1,673 @@
+# OpenTelemetry Distributed Tracing for xrpld
+
+---
+
+## Slide 1: Introduction
+
+> **CNCF** = Cloud Native Computing Foundation
+
+### What is OpenTelemetry?
+
+OpenTelemetry is an open-source, CNCF-backed observability framework for distributed tracing, metrics, and logs.
+
+### Why OpenTelemetry for xrpld?
+
+- **End-to-End Transaction Visibility**: Track transactions from submission → consensus → ledger inclusion
+- **Cross-Node Correlation**: Follow requests across multiple independent nodes using a unique `trace_id`
+- **Consensus Round Analysis**: Understand timing and behavior across validators
+- **Incident Debugging**: Correlate events across distributed nodes during issues
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart LR
+    A["Node A<br/>tx.receive<br/>trace_id: abc123"] --> B["Node B<br/>tx.relay<br/>trace_id: abc123"] --> C["Node C<br/>tx.validate<br/>trace_id: abc123"] --> D["Node D<br/>ledger.apply<br/>trace_id: abc123"]
+
+    style A fill:#1565c0,stroke:#0d47a1,color:#fff
+    style B fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#fff
+    style C fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#fff
+    style D fill:#e65100,stroke:#bf360c,color:#fff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **Node A (blue, leftmost)**: The originating node that first receives the transaction and assigns a new `trace_id: abc123`; this ID becomes the correlation key for the entire distributed trace.
+- **Node B and Node C (green, middle)**: Relay and validation nodes — each creates its own span but carries the same `trace_id`, so their work is linked to the original submission without any central coordinator.
+- **Node D (orange, rightmost)**: The final node that applies the transaction to the ledger; the trace now spans the full lifecycle from submission to ledger inclusion.
+- **Left-to-right flow**: The horizontal progression shows the real-world message path — a transaction hops from node to node, and the shared `trace_id` stitches all hops into a single queryable trace.
+
+> **Trace ID: abc123** — All nodes share the same trace, enabling cross-node correlation.
+
+---
+
+## Slide 2: OpenTelemetry vs Open Source Alternatives
+
+> **CNCF** = Cloud Native Computing Foundation
+
+| Feature             | OpenTelemetry    | Jaeger           | Zipkin             | SkyWalking | Pinpoint   | Prometheus |
+| ------------------- | ---------------- | ---------------- | ------------------ | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- |
+| **Tracing**         | YES              | YES              | YES                | YES        | YES        | NO         |
+| **Metrics**         | YES              | NO               | NO                 | YES        | YES        | YES        |
+| **Logs**            | YES              | NO               | NO                 | YES        | NO         | NO         |
+| **C++ SDK**         | YES Official     | YES (Deprecated) | YES (Unmaintained) | NO         | NO         | YES        |
+| **Vendor Neutral**  | YES Primary goal | NO               | NO                 | NO         | NO         | NO         |
+| **Instrumentation** | Manual + Auto    | Manual           | Manual             | Auto-first | Auto-first | Manual     |
+| **Backend**         | Any (exporters)  | Self             | Self               | Self       | Self       | Self       |
+| **CNCF Status**     | Incubating       | Graduated        | NO                 | Incubating | NO         | Graduated  |
+
+> **Why OpenTelemetry?** It's the only actively maintained, full-featured C++ option with vendor neutrality — allowing export to Tempo, Prometheus, Grafana, or any commercial backend without changing instrumentation.
+
+---
+
+## Slide 3: Adoption Scope — Traces Only (Current Plan)
+
+OpenTelemetry supports three signal types: **Traces**, **Metrics**, and **Logs**. xrpld already captures metrics (StatsD via Beast Insight) and logs (Journal/PerfLog). The question is: how much of OTel do we adopt?
+
+> **Scenario A**: Add distributed tracing. Keep StatsD for metrics and Journal for logs.
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart LR
+    subgraph xrpld["xrpld Process"]
+        direction TB
+        OTel["OTel SDK<br/>(Traces)"]
+        Insight["Beast Insight<br/>(StatsD Metrics)"]
+        Journal["Journal + PerfLog<br/>(Logging)"]
+    end
+
+    OTel -->|"OTLP"| Collector["OTel Collector"]
+    Insight -->|"UDP"| StatsD["StatsD Server"]
+    Journal -->|"File I/O"| LogFile["perf.log / debug.log"]
+
+    Collector --> Tempo["Tempo"]
+    StatsD --> Graphite["Graphite / Grafana"]
+    LogFile --> Loki["Loki (optional)"]
+
+    style xrpld fill:#424242,stroke:#212121,color:#fff
+    style OTel fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#fff
+    style Insight fill:#1565c0,stroke:#0d47a1,color:#fff
+    style Journal fill:#e65100,stroke:#bf360c,color:#fff
+    style Collector fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#fff
+```
+
+| Aspect                         | Details                                                                                                         |
+| ------------------------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **What changes for operators** | Deploy OTel Collector + trace backend. Existing StatsD and log pipelines stay as-is.                            |
+| **Codebase impact**            | New `Telemetry` module (~1500 LOC). Beast Insight and Journal untouched.                                        |
+| **New capabilities**           | Cross-node trace correlation, span-based debugging, request lifecycle visibility.                               |
+| **What we still can't do**     | Correlate metrics with specific traces natively. StatsD metrics remain fire-and-forget with no trace exemplars. |
+| **Maintenance burden**         | Three separate observability systems to maintain (OTel + StatsD + Journal).                                     |
+| **Risk**                       | Lowest — additive change, no existing systems disturbed.                                                        |
+
+---
+
+## Slide 4: Future Adoption — Metrics & Logs via OTel
+
+### Scenario B: + OTel Metrics (Replace StatsD)
+
+> Migrate StatsD to OTel Metrics API, exposing Prometheus-compatible metrics. Remove Beast Insight.
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart LR
+    subgraph xrpld["xrpld Process"]
+        direction TB
+        OTel["OTel SDK<br/>(Traces + Metrics)"]
+        Journal["Journal + PerfLog<br/>(Logging)"]
+    end
+
+    OTel -->|"OTLP"| Collector["OTel Collector"]
+    Journal -->|"File I/O"| LogFile["perf.log / debug.log"]
+
+    Collector --> Tempo["Tempo<br/>(Traces)"]
+    Collector --> Prom["Prometheus<br/>(Metrics)"]
+    LogFile --> Loki["Loki (optional)"]
+
+    style xrpld fill:#424242,stroke:#212121,color:#fff
+    style OTel fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#fff
+    style Journal fill:#e65100,stroke:#bf360c,color:#fff
+    style Collector fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#fff
+```
+
+- **Better metrics?** Yes — Prometheus gives native histograms (p50/p95/p99), multi-dimensional labels, and exemplars linking metric spikes to traces.
+- **Codebase**: Remove `Beast::Insight` + `StatsDCollector` (~2000 LOC). Single SDK for traces and metrics.
+- **Operator effort**: Rewrite dashboards from StatsD/Graphite queries to PromQL. Run both in parallel during transition.
+- **Risk**: Medium — operators must migrate monitoring infrastructure.
+
+### Scenario C: + OTel Logs (Full Stack)
+
+> Also replace Journal logging with OTel Logs API. Single SDK for everything.
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart LR
+    subgraph xrpld["xrpld Process"]
+        OTel["OTel SDK<br/>(Traces + Metrics + Logs)"]
+    end
+
+    OTel -->|"OTLP"| Collector["OTel Collector"]
+
+    Collector --> Tempo["Tempo<br/>(Traces)"]
+    Collector --> Prom["Prometheus<br/>(Metrics)"]
+    Collector --> Loki["Loki / Elastic<br/>(Logs)"]
+
+    style xrpld fill:#424242,stroke:#212121,color:#fff
+    style OTel fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#fff
+    style Collector fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#fff
+```
+
+- **Structured logging**: OTel Logs API outputs structured records with `trace_id`, `span_id`, severity, and attributes by design.
+- **Full correlation**: Every log line carries `trace_id`. Click trace → see logs. Click metric spike → see trace → see logs.
+- **Codebase**: Remove Beast Insight (~2000 LOC) + simplify Journal/PerfLog (~3000 LOC). One dependency instead of three.
+- **Risk**: Highest — `beast::Journal` is deeply embedded in every component. Large refactor. OTel C++ Logs API is newer (stable since v1.11, less battle-tested).
+
+### Recommendation
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart LR
+    A["Phase 1<br/><b>Traces Only</b><br/>(Current Plan)"] --> B["Phase 2<br/><b>+ Metrics</b><br/>(Replace StatsD)"] --> C["Phase 3<br/><b>+ Logs</b><br/>(Full OTel)"]
+
+    style A fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#fff
+    style B fill:#1565c0,stroke:#0d47a1,color:#fff
+    style C fill:#e65100,stroke:#bf360c,color:#fff
+```
+
+| Phase                | Signal    | Strategy                                                       | Risk   |
+| -------------------- | --------- | -------------------------------------------------------------- | ------ |
+| **Phase 1** (now)    | Traces    | Add OTel traces. Keep StatsD and Journal. Prove value.         | Low    |
+| **Phase 2** (future) | + Metrics | Migrate StatsD → Prometheus via OTel. Remove Beast Insight.    | Medium |
+| **Phase 3** (future) | + Logs    | Adopt OTel Logs API. Align with structured logging initiative. | High   |
+
+> **Key Takeaway**: Start with traces (unique value, lowest risk), then incrementally adopt metrics and logs as the OTel infrastructure proves itself.
+
+---
+
+## Slide 5: Comparison with xrpld's Existing Solutions
+
+### Current Observability Stack
+
+| Aspect                | PerfLog (JSON)        | StatsD (Metrics)      | OpenTelemetry (NEW)         |
+| --------------------- | --------------------- | --------------------- | --------------------------- |
+| **Type**              | Logging               | Metrics               | Distributed Tracing         |
+| **Scope**             | Single node           | Single node           | **Cross-node**              |
+| **Data**              | JSON log entries      | Counters, gauges      | Spans with context          |
+| **Correlation**       | By timestamp          | By metric name        | By `trace_id`               |
+| **Overhead**          | Low (file I/O)        | Low (UDP)             | Low-Medium (configurable)   |
+| **Question Answered** | "What happened here?" | "How many? How fast?" | **"What was the journey?"** |
+
+### Use Case Matrix
+
+| Scenario                         | PerfLog | StatsD | OpenTelemetry |
+| -------------------------------- | ------- | ------ | ------------- |
+| "How many TXs per second?"       | ❌      | ✅     | ❌            |
+| "Why was this specific TX slow?" | ⚠️      | ❌     | ✅            |
+| "Which node delayed consensus?"  | ❌      | ❌     | ✅            |
+| "Show TX journey across 5 nodes" | ❌      | ❌     | ✅            |
+
+> **Key Insight**: In the **traces-only** approach (Phase 1), OpenTelemetry **complements** existing systems. In future phases, OTel metrics and logs could **replace** StatsD and Journal respectively — see Slides 3-4 for the full adoption roadmap.
+
+---
+
+## Slide 6: Architecture
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol | **WS** = WebSocket
+
+### High-Level Integration Architecture
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    subgraph xrpld["xrpld Node"]
+        subgraph services["Core Services"]
+            direction LR
+            RPC["RPC Server<br/>(HTTP/WS)"] ~~~ Overlay["Overlay<br/>(P2P Network)"] ~~~ Consensus["Consensus<br/>(RCLConsensus)"]
+        end
+
+        Telemetry["Telemetry Module<br/>(OpenTelemetry SDK)"]
+
+        services --> Telemetry
+    end
+
+    Telemetry -->|OTLP/gRPC| Collector["OTel Collector"]
+
+    Collector --> Tempo["Grafana Tempo"]
+    Collector --> Elastic["Elastic APM"]
+
+    style xrpld fill:#424242,stroke:#212121,color:#fff
+    style services fill:#1565c0,stroke:#0d47a1,color:#fff
+    style Telemetry fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#fff
+    style Collector fill:#e65100,stroke:#bf360c,color:#fff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **Core Services (blue, top)**: RPC Server, Overlay, and Consensus are the three primary components that generate trace data — they represent the entry points for client requests, peer messages, and consensus rounds respectively.
+- **Telemetry Module (green, middle)**: The OpenTelemetry SDK sits below the core services and receives span data from all three; it acts as a single collection point within the xrpld process.
+- **OTel Collector (orange, center)**: An external process that receives spans over OTLP/gRPC from the Telemetry Module; it decouples xrpld from backend choices and handles batching, sampling, and routing.
+- **Backends (bottom row)**: Tempo and Elastic APM are interchangeable — the Collector fans out to any combination, so operators can switch backends without modifying xrpld code.
+- **Top-to-bottom flow**: Data flows from instrumented code down through the SDK, out over the network to the Collector, and finally into storage/visualization backends.
+
+### Context Propagation
+
+```mermaid
+sequenceDiagram
+    participant Client
+    participant NodeA as Node A
+    participant NodeB as Node B
+
+    Client->>NodeA: Submit TX (no context)
+    Note over NodeA: Creates trace_id: abc123<br/>span: tx.receive
+    NodeA->>NodeB: Relay TX<br/>(traceparent: abc123)
+    Note over NodeB: Links to trace_id: abc123<br/>span: tx.relay
+```
+
+- **HTTP/RPC**: W3C Trace Context headers (`traceparent`)
+- **P2P Messages**: Protocol Buffer extension fields
+
+---
+
+## Slide 7: Implementation Plan
+
+### 5-Phase Rollout (9 Weeks)
+
+> **Note**: Dates shown are relative to project start, not calendar dates.
+
+```mermaid
+gantt
+    title Implementation Timeline
+    dateFormat  YYYY-MM-DD
+    axisFormat  Week %W
+
+    section Phase 1
+    Core Infrastructure    :p1, 2024-01-01, 2w
+
+    section Phase 2
+    RPC Tracing           :p2, after p1, 2w
+
+    section Phase 3
+    Transaction Tracing   :p3, after p2, 2w
+
+    section Phase 4
+    Consensus Tracing     :p4, after p3, 2w
+
+    section Phase 5
+    Documentation         :p5, after p4, 1w
+```
+
+### Phase Details
+
+| Phase | Focus               | Key Deliverables                             | Effort  |
+| ----- | ------------------- | -------------------------------------------- | ------- |
+| 1     | Core Infrastructure | SDK integration, Telemetry interface, Config | 10 days |
+| 2     | RPC Tracing         | HTTP context extraction, Handler spans       | 10 days |
+| 3     | Transaction Tracing | Protobuf context, P2P relay propagation      | 10 days |
+| 4     | Consensus Tracing   | Round spans, Proposal/validation tracing     | 10 days |
+| 5     | Documentation       | Runbook, Dashboards, Training                | 7 days  |
+
+**Total Effort**: ~47 developer-days (2 developers)
+
+> **Future Phases** (not in current scope): After traces are stable, OTel metrics can replace StatsD (~3 weeks), and OTel logs can replace Journal (~4 weeks, aligned with structured logging initiative). See Slides 3-4 for the full adoption roadmap.
+
+---
+
+## Slide 8: Performance Overhead
+
+> **OTLP** = OpenTelemetry Protocol
+
+### Estimated System Impact
+
+| Metric            | Overhead   | Notes                                            |
+| ----------------- | ---------- | ------------------------------------------------ |
+| **CPU**           | 1-3%       | Span creation and attribute setting              |
+| **Memory**        | ~10 MB     | SDK statics + batch buffer + worker thread stack |
+| **Network**       | 10-50 KB/s | Compressed OTLP export to collector              |
+| **Latency (p99)** | <2%        | With proper sampling configuration               |
+
+#### How We Arrived at These Numbers
+
+**Assumptions (XRPL mainnet baseline)**:
+
+| Parameter                 | Value                  | Source                                                                                              |
+| ------------------------- | ---------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| Transaction throughput    | ~25 TPS (peaks to ~50) | Mainnet average                                                                                     |
+| Default peers per node    | 21                     | `peerfinder/detail/Tuning.h` (`defaultMaxPeers`)                                                    |
+| Consensus round frequency | ~1 round / 3-4 seconds | `ConsensusParms.h` (`ledgerMIN_CONSENSUS=1950ms`)                                                   |
+| Proposers per round       | ~20-35                 | Mainnet UNL size                                                                                    |
+| P2P message rate          | ~160 msgs/sec          | See message breakdown below                                                                         |
+| Avg TX processing time    | ~200 μs                | Profiled baseline                                                                                   |
+| Single span creation cost | 500-1000 ns            | OTel C++ SDK benchmarks (see [3.5.4](./03-implementation-strategy.md#354-performance-data-sources)) |
+
+**P2P message breakdown** (per node, mainnet):
+
+| Message Type  | Rate         | Derivation                                                            |
+| ------------- | ------------ | --------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| TMTransaction | ~100/sec     | ~25 TPS × ~4 relay hops per TX, deduplicated by HashRouter            |
+| TMValidation  | ~50/sec      | ~35 validators × ~1 validation/3s round ≈ ~12/sec, plus relay fan-out |
+| TMProposeSet  | ~10/sec      | ~35 proposers / 3s round ≈ ~12/round, clustered in establish phase    |
+| **Total**     | **~160/sec** | **Only traced message types counted**                                 |
+
+**CPU (1-3%) — Calculation**:
+
+Per-transaction tracing cost breakdown:
+
+| Operation                                       | Cost        | Notes                                      |
+| ----------------------------------------------- | ----------- | ------------------------------------------ |
+| `tx.receive` span (create + end + 4 attributes) | ~1400 ns    | ~1000ns create + ~200ns end + 4×50ns attrs |
+| `tx.validate` span                              | ~1200 ns    | ~1000ns create + ~200ns for 2 attributes   |
+| `tx.relay` span                                 | ~1200 ns    | ~1000ns create + ~200ns for 2 attributes   |
+| Context injection into P2P message              | ~200 ns     | Serialize trace_id + span_id into protobuf |
+| **Total per TX**                                | **~4.0 μs** |                                            |
+
+> **CPU overhead**: 4.0 μs / 200 μs baseline = **~2.0% per transaction**. Under high load with consensus + RPC spans overlapping, reaches ~3%. Consensus itself adds only ~36 μs per 3-second round (~0.001%), so the TX path dominates. On production server hardware (3+ GHz Xeon), span creation drops to ~500-600 ns, bringing per-TX cost to ~2.6 μs (~1.3%). See [Section 3.5.4](./03-implementation-strategy.md#354-performance-data-sources) for benchmark sources.
+
+**Memory (~10 MB) — Calculation**:
+
+| Component                                     | Size               | Notes                                 |
+| --------------------------------------------- | ------------------ | ------------------------------------- |
+| TracerProvider + Exporter (gRPC channel init) | ~320 KB            | Allocated once at startup             |
+| BatchSpanProcessor (circular buffer)          | ~16 KB             | 2049 × 8-byte AtomicUniquePtr entries |
+| BatchSpanProcessor (worker thread stack)      | ~8 MB              | Default Linux thread stack size       |
+| Active spans (in-flight, max ~1000)           | ~500-800 KB        | ~500-800 bytes/span × 1000 concurrent |
+| Export queue (batch buffer, max 2048 spans)   | ~1 MB              | ~500 bytes/span × 2048 queue depth    |
+| Thread-local context storage (~100 threads)   | ~6.4 KB            | ~64 bytes/thread                      |
+| **Total**                                     | **~10 MB ceiling** |                                       |
+
+> Memory plateaus once the export queue fills — the `max_queue_size=2048` config bounds growth.
+> The worker thread stack (~8 MB) dominates the static footprint but is virtual memory; actual RSS
+> depends on stack usage (typically much less). Active spans are larger than originally estimated
+> (~500-800 bytes) because the OTel SDK `Span` object includes a mutex (~40 bytes), `SpanData`
+> recordable (~250 bytes base), and `std::map`-based attribute storage (~200-500 bytes for 3-5
+> string attributes). See [Section 3.5.4](./03-implementation-strategy.md#354-performance-data-sources) for source references.
+
+**Network (10-50 KB/s) — Calculation**:
+
+Two sources of network overhead:
+
+**(A) OTLP span export to Collector:**
+
+| Sampling Rate              | Effective Spans/sec | Avg Span Size (compressed) | Bandwidth    |
+| -------------------------- | ------------------- | -------------------------- | ------------ |
+| 100% (dev only)            | ~500                | ~500 bytes                 | ~250 KB/s    |
+| **10% (recommended prod)** | **~50**             | **~500 bytes**             | **~25 KB/s** |
+| 1% (minimal)               | ~5                  | ~500 bytes                 | ~2.5 KB/s    |
+
+> The ~500 spans/sec at 100% comes from: ~100 TX spans + ~160 P2P context spans + ~23 consensus spans/round + ~50 RPC spans = ~500/sec. OTLP protobuf with gzip compression yields ~500 bytes/span average.
+
+**(B) P2P trace context overhead** (added to existing messages, always-on regardless of sampling):
+
+| Message Type  | Rate     | Context Size | Bandwidth     |
+| ------------- | -------- | ------------ | ------------- |
+| TMTransaction | ~100/sec | 29 bytes     | ~2.9 KB/s     |
+| TMValidation  | ~50/sec  | 29 bytes     | ~1.5 KB/s     |
+| TMProposeSet  | ~10/sec  | 29 bytes     | ~0.3 KB/s     |
+| **Total P2P** |          |              | **~4.7 KB/s** |
+
+> **Combined**: 25 KB/s (OTLP export at 10%) + 5 KB/s (P2P context) ≈ **~30 KB/s typical**. The 10-50 KB/s range covers 10-20% sampling under normal to peak mainnet load.
+
+**Latency (<2%) — Calculation**:
+
+| Path                           | Tracing Cost | Baseline | Overhead |
+| ------------------------------ | ------------ | -------- | -------- |
+| Fast RPC (e.g., `server_info`) | 2.75 μs      | ~1 ms    | 0.275%   |
+| Slow RPC (e.g., `path_find`)   | 2.75 μs      | ~100 ms  | 0.003%   |
+| Transaction processing         | 4.0 μs       | ~200 μs  | 2.0%     |
+| Consensus round                | 36 μs        | ~3 sec   | 0.001%   |
+
+> At p99, even the worst case (TX processing at 2.0%) is within the 1-3% range. RPC and consensus overhead are negligible. On production hardware, TX overhead drops to ~1.3%.
+
+### Per-Message Overhead (Context Propagation)
+
+Each P2P message carries trace context with the following overhead:
+
+| Field         | Size          | Description                               |
+| ------------- | ------------- | ----------------------------------------- |
+| `trace_id`    | 16 bytes      | Unique identifier for the entire trace    |
+| `span_id`     | 8 bytes       | Current span (becomes parent on receiver) |
+| `trace_flags` | 1 byte        | Sampling decision flags                   |
+| `trace_state` | 0-4 bytes     | Optional vendor-specific data             |
+| **Total**     | **~29 bytes** | **Added per traced P2P message**          |
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart LR
+    subgraph msg["P2P Message with Trace Context"]
+        A["Original Message<br/>(variable size)"] --> B["+ TraceContext<br/>(~29 bytes)"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph breakdown["Context Breakdown"]
+        C["trace_id<br/>16 bytes"]
+        D["span_id<br/>8 bytes"]
+        E["flags<br/>1 byte"]
+        F["state<br/>0-4 bytes"]
+    end
+
+    B --> breakdown
+
+    style A fill:#424242,stroke:#212121,color:#fff
+    style B fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#fff
+    style C fill:#1565c0,stroke:#0d47a1,color:#fff
+    style D fill:#1565c0,stroke:#0d47a1,color:#fff
+    style E fill:#e65100,stroke:#bf360c,color:#fff
+    style F fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **Original Message (gray, left)**: The existing P2P message payload of variable size — this is unchanged; trace context is appended, never modifying the original data.
+- **+ TraceContext (green, right of message)**: The additional 29-byte context block attached to each traced message; the arrow from the original message shows it is a pure addition.
+- **Context Breakdown (right subgraph)**: The four fields — `trace_id` (16 bytes), `span_id` (8 bytes), `flags` (1 byte), and `state` (0-4 bytes) — show exactly what is added and their individual sizes.
+- **Color coding**: Blue fields (`trace_id`, `span_id`) are the core identifiers required for trace correlation; orange (`flags`) controls sampling decisions; purple (`state`) is optional vendor data typically omitted.
+
+> **Note**: 29 bytes represents ~1-6% overhead depending on message size (500B simple TX to 5KB proposal), which is acceptable for the observability benefits provided.
+
+### Mitigation Strategies
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart LR
+    A["Head Sampling<br/>10% default"] --> B["Tail Sampling<br/>Keep errors/slow"] --> C["Batch Export<br/>Reduce I/O"] --> D["Conditional Compile<br/>XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY"]
+
+    style A fill:#1565c0,stroke:#0d47a1,color:#fff
+    style B fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#fff
+    style C fill:#e65100,stroke:#bf360c,color:#fff
+    style D fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+```
+
+> For a detailed explanation of head vs. tail sampling, see Slide 9.
+
+### Kill Switches (Rollback Options)
+
+1. **Config Disable**: Set `enabled=0` in config → instant disable, no restart needed for sampling
+2. **Rebuild**: Compile with `XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=OFF` → zero overhead (no-op)
+3. **Full Revert**: Clean separation allows easy commit reversion
+
+---
+
+## Slide 9: Sampling Strategies — Head vs. Tail
+
+> Sampling controls **which traces are recorded and exported**. Without sampling, every operation generates a trace — at 500+ spans/sec, this overwhelms storage and network. Sampling lets you keep the signal, discard the noise.
+
+### Head Sampling (Decision at Start)
+
+The sampling decision is made **when a trace begins**, before any work is done. A random number is generated; if it falls within the configured ratio, the entire trace is recorded. Otherwise, the trace is silently dropped.
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart LR
+    A["New Request<br/>Arrives"] --> B{"Random < 10%?"}
+    B -->|"Yes (1 in 10)"| C["Record Entire Trace<br/>(all spans)"]
+    B -->|"No (9 in 10)"| D["Drop Entire Trace<br/>(zero overhead)"]
+
+    style C fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#fff
+    style D fill:#c62828,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style B fill:#1565c0,stroke:#0d47a1,color:#fff
+```
+
+| Aspect                        | Details                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
+| ----------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Where it runs**             | Inside xrpld (SDK-level). Configured via `sampling_ratio` in `xrpld.cfg`.                                                                                                                                |
+| **When the decision happens** | At trace creation time — before the first span is even populated.                                                                                                                                        |
+| **How it works**              | `sampling_ratio=0.1` means each trace has a 10% probability of being recorded. Dropped traces incur near-zero overhead (no spans created, no attributes set, no export).                                 |
+| **Propagation**               | Once a trace is sampled, the `trace_flags` field (1 byte in the context header) tells downstream nodes to also sample it. Unsampled traces propagate `trace_flags=0`, so downstream nodes skip them too. |
+| **Pros**                      | Lowest overhead. Simple to configure. Predictable resource usage.                                                                                                                                        |
+| **Cons**                      | **Blind** — it doesn't know if the trace will be interesting. A rare error or slow consensus round has only a 10% chance of being captured.                                                              |
+| **Best for**                  | High-volume, steady-state traffic where most traces look similar (e.g., routine RPC requests).                                                                                                           |
+
+**xrpld configuration**:
+
+```ini
+[telemetry]
+# Record 10% of traces (recommended for production)
+sampling_ratio=0.1
+```
+
+### Tail Sampling (Decision at End)
+
+The sampling decision is made **after the trace completes**, based on its actual content — was it slow? Did it error? Was it a consensus round? This requires buffering complete traces before deciding.
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart TB
+    A["All Traces<br/>Buffered (100%)"] --> B["OTel Collector<br/>Evaluates Rules"]
+
+    B --> C{"Error?"}
+    C -->|Yes| K["KEEP"]
+
+    C -->|No| D{"Slow?<br/>(>5s consensus,<br/>>1s RPC)"}
+    D -->|Yes| K
+
+    D -->|No| E{"Random < 10%?"}
+    E -->|Yes| K
+    E -->|No| F["DROP"]
+
+    style K fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#fff
+    style F fill:#c62828,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style B fill:#1565c0,stroke:#0d47a1,color:#fff
+    style C fill:#e65100,stroke:#bf360c,color:#fff
+    style D fill:#e65100,stroke:#bf360c,color:#fff
+    style E fill:#4a148c,stroke:#2e0d57,color:#fff
+```
+
+| Aspect                        | Details                                                                                                                                                                                                 |
+| ----------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Where it runs**             | In the **OTel Collector** (external process), not inside xrpld. xrpld exports 100% of traces; the Collector decides what to keep.                                                                       |
+| **When the decision happens** | After the Collector has received all spans for a trace (waits `decision_wait=10s` for stragglers).                                                                                                      |
+| **How it works**              | Policy rules evaluate the completed trace: keep all errors, keep slow operations above a threshold, keep all consensus rounds, then probabilistically sample the rest at 10%.                           |
+| **Pros**                      | **Never misses important traces**. Errors, slow requests, and consensus anomalies are always captured regardless of probability.                                                                        |
+| **Cons**                      | Higher resource usage — xrpld must export 100% of spans to the Collector, which buffers them in memory before deciding. The Collector needs more RAM (configured via `num_traces` and `decision_wait`). |
+| **Best for**                  | Production troubleshooting where you can't afford to miss errors or anomalies.                                                                                                                          |
+
+**Collector configuration** (tail sampling rules for xrpld):
+
+```yaml
+processors:
+  tail_sampling:
+    decision_wait: 10s # Wait for all spans in a trace
+    num_traces: 100000 # Buffer up to 100K concurrent traces
+    policies:
+      - name: errors # Always keep error traces
+        type: status_code
+        status_code: { status_codes: [ERROR] }
+
+      - name: slow-consensus # Keep consensus rounds >5s
+        type: latency
+        latency: { threshold_ms: 5000 }
+
+      - name: slow-rpc # Keep slow RPC requests >1s
+        type: latency
+        latency: { threshold_ms: 1000 }
+
+      - name: probabilistic # Sample 10% of everything else
+        type: probabilistic
+        probabilistic: { sampling_percentage: 10 }
+```
+
+### Head vs. Tail — Side-by-Side
+
+|                               | Head Sampling                            | Tail Sampling                                    |
+| ----------------------------- | ---------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ |
+| **Decision point**            | Trace start (inside xrpld)               | Trace end (in OTel Collector)                    |
+| **Knows trace content?**      | No (random coin flip)                    | Yes (evaluates completed trace)                  |
+| **Overhead on xrpld**         | Lowest (dropped traces = no-op)          | Higher (must export 100% to Collector)           |
+| **Collector resource usage**  | Low (receives only sampled traces)       | Higher (buffers all traces before deciding)      |
+| **Captures all errors?**      | No (only if trace was randomly selected) | **Yes** (error policy catches them)              |
+| **Captures slow operations?** | No (random)                              | **Yes** (latency policy catches them)            |
+| **Configuration**             | `xrpld.cfg`: `sampling_ratio=0.1`        | `otel-collector.yaml`: `tail_sampling` processor |
+| **Best for**                  | High-throughput steady-state             | Troubleshooting & anomaly detection              |
+
+### Recommended Strategy for xrpld
+
+Use **both** in a layered approach:
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart LR
+    subgraph xrpld["xrpld (Head Sampling)"]
+        HS["sampling_ratio=1.0<br/>(export everything)"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph collector["OTel Collector (Tail Sampling)"]
+        TS["Keep: errors + slow + 10% random<br/>Drop: routine traces"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph storage["Backend Storage"]
+        ST["Only interesting traces<br/>stored long-term"]
+    end
+
+    xrpld -->|"100% of spans"| collector -->|"~15-20% kept"| storage
+
+    style xrpld fill:#424242,stroke:#212121,color:#fff
+    style collector fill:#1565c0,stroke:#0d47a1,color:#fff
+    style storage fill:#2e7d32,stroke:#1b5e20,color:#fff
+```
+
+> **Why this works**: xrpld exports everything (no blind drops), the Collector applies intelligent filtering (keep errors/slow/anomalies, sample the rest), and only ~15-20% of traces reach storage. If Collector resource usage becomes a concern, add head sampling at `sampling_ratio=0.5` to halve the export volume while still giving the Collector enough data for good tail-sampling decisions.
+
+---
+
+## Slide 10: Data Collection & Privacy
+
+### What Data is Collected
+
+| Category        | Attributes Collected                                                                 | Purpose                     |
+| --------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | --------------------------- |
+| **Transaction** | `tx.hash`, `tx.type`, `tx.result`, `tx.fee`, `ledger_index`                          | Trace transaction lifecycle |
+| **Consensus**   | `round`, `phase`, `mode`, `proposers` (count of proposing validators), `duration_ms` | Analyze consensus timing    |
+| **RPC**         | `command`, `version`, `status`, `duration_ms`                                        | Monitor RPC performance     |
+| **Peer**        | `peer.id`(public key), `latency_ms`, `message.type`, `message.size`                  | Network topology analysis   |
+| **Ledger**      | `ledger.hash`, `ledger.index`, `close_time`, `tx_count`                              | Ledger progression tracking |
+| **Job**         | `job.type`, `queue_ms`, `worker`                                                     | JobQueue performance        |
+
+### What is NOT Collected (Privacy Guarantees)
+
+```mermaid
+flowchart LR
+    subgraph notCollected["❌ NOT Collected"]
+        direction LR
+        A["Private Keys"] ~~~ B["Account Balances"] ~~~ C["Transaction Amounts"]
+    end
+
+    subgraph alsoNot["❌ Also Excluded"]
+        direction LR
+        D["IP Addresses<br/>(configurable)"] ~~~ E["Personal Data"] ~~~ F["Raw TX Payloads"]
+    end
+
+    style A fill:#c62828,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style B fill:#c62828,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style C fill:#c62828,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style D fill:#c62828,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style E fill:#c62828,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+    style F fill:#c62828,stroke:#8c2809,color:#fff
+```
+
+**Reading the diagram:**
+
+- **NOT Collected (top row, red)**: Private Keys, Account Balances, and Transaction Amounts are explicitly excluded — these are financial/security-sensitive fields that telemetry never touches.
+- **Also Excluded (bottom row, red)**: IP Addresses (configurable per deployment), Personal Data, and Raw TX Payloads are also excluded — these protect operator and user privacy.
+- **All-red styling**: Every box is styled in red to visually reinforce that these are hard exclusions, not optional — the telemetry system has no code path to collect any of these fields.
+- **Two-row layout**: The split between "NOT Collected" and "Also Excluded" distinguishes between financial data (top) and operational/personal data (bottom), making the privacy boundaries clear to auditors.
+
+### Privacy Protection Mechanisms
+
+| Mechanism                  | Description                                                   |
+| -------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| **Account Hashing**        | `xrpl.tx.account` is hashed at collector level before storage |
+| **Configurable Redaction** | Sensitive fields can be excluded via config                   |
+| **Sampling**               | Only 10% of traces recorded by default (reduces exposure)     |
+| **Local Control**          | Node operators control what gets exported                     |
+| **No Raw Payloads**        | Transaction content is never recorded, only metadata          |
+
+> **Key Principle**: Telemetry collects **operational metadata** (timing, counts, hashes) — never **sensitive content** (keys, balances, amounts).
+
+---
+
+_End of Presentation_

README.md

@@ -8,11 +8,11 @@ The [XRP Ledger](https://xrpl.org/) is a decentralized cryptographic ledger powe
 
 [XRP](https://xrpl.org/xrp.html) is a public, counterparty-free crypto-asset native to the XRP Ledger, and is designed as a gas token for network services and to bridge different currencies. XRP is traded on the open-market and is available for anyone to access. The XRP Ledger was created in 2012 with a finite supply of 100 billion units of XRP.
 
-## rippled
+## xrpld
 
-The server software that powers the XRP Ledger is called `rippled` and is available in this repository under the permissive [ISC open-source license](LICENSE.md). The `rippled` server software is written primarily in C++ and runs on a variety of platforms. The `rippled` server software can run in several modes depending on its [configuration](https://xrpl.org/rippled-server-modes.html).
+The server software that powers the XRP Ledger is called `xrpld` and is available in this repository under the permissive [ISC open-source license](LICENSE.md). The `xrpld` server software is written primarily in C++ and runs on a variety of platforms. The `xrpld` server software can run in several modes depending on its [configuration](https://xrpl.org/rippled-server-modes.html).
 
-If you are interested in running an **API Server** (including a **Full History Server**), take a look at [Clio](https://github.com/XRPLF/clio). (rippled Reporting Mode has been replaced by Clio.)
+If you are interested in running an **API Server** (including a **Full History Server**), take a look at [Clio](https://github.com/XRPLF/clio). (xrpld Reporting Mode has been replaced by Clio.)
 
 ### Build from Source
 
@@ -41,19 +41,19 @@ If you are interested in running an **API Server** (including a **Full History S
 
 Here are some good places to start learning the source code:
 
-- Read the markdown files in the source tree: `src/ripple/**/*.md`.
+- Read the markdown files in the source tree: `src/xrpld/**/*.md`.
 - Read [the levelization document](.github/scripts/levelization) to get an idea of the internal dependency graph.
 - In the big picture, the `main` function constructs an `ApplicationImp` object, which implements the `Application` virtual interface. Almost every component in the application takes an `Application&` parameter in its constructor, typically named `app` and stored as a member variable `app_`. This allows most components to depend on any other component.
 
 ### Repository Contents
 
-| Folder     | Contents                                         |
-| :--------- | :----------------------------------------------- |
-| `./bin`    | Scripts and data files for Ripple integrators.   |
-| `./Builds` | Platform-specific guides for building `rippled`. |
-| `./docs`   | Source documentation files and doxygen config.   |
-| `./cfg`    | Example configuration files.                     |
-| `./src`    | Source code.                                     |
+| Folder     | Contents                                       |
+| :--------- | :--------------------------------------------- |
+| `./bin`    | Scripts and data files for XRPL developers.    |
+| `./Builds` | Platform-specific guides for building `xrpld`. |
+| `./docs`   | Source documentation files and doxygen config. |
+| `./cfg`    | Example configuration files.                   |
+| `./src`    | Source code.                                   |
 
 Some of the directories under `src` are external repositories included using
 git-subtree. See those directories' README files for more details.

SECURITY.md

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ For more details on operating an XRP Ledger server securely, please visit https:
 
 ## Supported Versions
 
-Software constantly evolves. In order to focus resources, we only generally only accept vulnerability reports that affect recent and current versions of the software. We always accept reports for issues present in the **master**, **release** or **develop** branches, and with proposed, [open pull requests](https://github.com/ripple/rippled/pulls).
+Software constantly evolves. In order to focus resources, we generally only accept vulnerability reports that affect recent and current versions of the software. We always accept reports for issues present in the **master**, **release** or **develop** branches, and with proposed, [open pull requests](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled/pulls).
 
 ## Identifying and Reporting Vulnerabilities
 
@@ -22,117 +22,10 @@ Responsible investigation includes, but isn't limited to, the following:
 - Not targeting physical security measures, or attempting to use social engineering, spam, distributed denial of service (DDOS) attacks, etc.
 - Investigating bugs in a way that makes a reasonable, good faith effort not to be disruptive or harmful to the XRP Ledger and the broader ecosystem.
 
-### Responsible Disclosure
-
-If you discover a vulnerability or potential threat, or if you _think_
-you have, please reach out by dropping an email using the contact
-information below.
-
-Your report should include the following:
-
-- Your contact information (typically, an email address);
-- The description of the vulnerability;
-- The attack scenario (if any);
-- The steps to reproduce the vulnerability;
-- Any other relevant details or artifacts, including code, scripts or patches.
-
-In your email, please describe the issue or potential threat. If possible, include a "repro" (code that can reproduce the issue) or describe the best way to reproduce and replicate the issue. Please make your report as detailed and comprehensive as possible.
-
-For more information on responsible disclosure, please read this [Wikipedia article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responsible_disclosure).
-
-## Report Handling Process
-
-Please report the bug directly to us and limit further disclosure. If you want to prove that you knew the bug as of a given time, consider using a cryptographic pre-commitment: hash the content of your report and publish the hash on a medium of your choice (e.g. on Twitter or as a memo in a transaction) as "proof" that you had written the text at a given point in time.
-
-Once we receive a report, we:
-
-1. Assign two people to independently evaluate the report;
-2. Consider their recommendations;
-3. If action is necessary, formulate a plan to address the issue;
-4. Communicate privately with the reporter to explain our plan.
-5. Prepare, test and release a version which fixes the issue; and
-6. Announce the vulnerability publicly.
-
-We will triage and respond to your disclosure within 24 hours. Beyond that, we will work to analyze the issue in more detail, formulate, develop and test a fix.
-
-While we commit to responding with 24 hours of your initial report with our triage assessment, we cannot guarantee a response time for the remaining steps. We will communicate with you throughout this process, letting you know where we are and keeping you updated on the timeframe.
-
 ## Bug Bounty Program
 
-[Ripple](https://ripple.com) is generously sponsoring a bug bounty program for vulnerabilities in [`rippled`](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled) (and other related projects, like [`xrpl.js`](https://github.com/XRPLF/xrpl.js), [`xrpl-py`](https://github.com/XRPLF/xrpl-py), [`xrpl4j`](https://github.com/XRPLF/xrpl4j)).
+[Ripple](https://ripple.com) is generously sponsoring a bug bounty program for vulnerabilities in [`xrpld`](https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled) (and other related projects, like [`Clio`](https://github.com/XRPLF/clio), [`xrpl.js`](https://github.com/XRPLF/xrpl.js), [`xrpl-py`](https://github.com/XRPLF/xrpl-py), [`xrpl4j`](https://github.com/XRPLF/xrpl4j)).
 
-This program allows us to recognize and reward individuals or groups that identify and report bugs. In summary, in order to qualify for a bounty, the bug must be:
+This program allows us to recognize and reward individuals or groups that identify and report bugs.
 
-1. **In scope**. Only bugs in software under the scope of the program qualify. Currently, that means `rippled`, `xrpl.js`, `xrpl-py`, `xrpl4j`.
-2. **Relevant**. A security issue, posing a danger to user funds, privacy, or the operation of the XRP Ledger.
-3. **Original and previously unknown**. Bugs that are already known and discussed in public do not qualify. Previously reported bugs, even if publicly unknown, are not eligible.
-4. **Specific**. We welcome general security advice or recommendations, but we cannot pay bounties for that.
-5. **Fixable**. There has to be something we can do to permanently fix the problem. Note that bugs in other people’s software may still qualify in some cases. For example, if you find a bug in a library that we use which can compromise the security of software that is in scope and we can get it fixed, you may qualify for a bounty.
-6. **Unused**. If you use the exploit to attack the XRP Ledger, you do not qualify for a bounty. If you report a vulnerability used in an ongoing or past attack and there is specific, concrete evidence that suggests you are the attacker we reserve the right not to pay a bounty.
-
-The amount paid varies dramatically. Vulnerabilities that are harmless on their own, but could form part of a critical exploit will usually receive a bounty. Full-blown exploits can receive much higher bounties. Please don’t hold back partial vulnerabilities while trying to construct a full-blown exploit. We will pay a bounty to anyone who reports a complete chain of vulnerabilities even if they have reported each component of the exploit separately and those vulnerabilities have been fixed in the meantime. However, to qualify for a the full bounty, you must to have been the first to report each of the partial exploits.
-
-### Contacting Us
-
-To report a qualifying bug, please send a detailed report to:
-
-| Email Address | bugs@ripple.com                                     |
-| :-----------: | :-------------------------------------------------- |
-| Short Key ID  | `0xA9F514E0`                                        |
-|  Long Key ID  | `0xD900855AA9F514E0`                                |
-|  Fingerprint  | `B72C 0654 2F2A E250 2763 A268 D900 855A A9F5 14E0` |
-
-The full PGP key for this address, which is also available on several key servers (e.g. on [keyserver.ubuntu.com](https://keyserver.ubuntu.com)), is:
-
-```
------BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----
-mQINBGkSZAQBEACprU199OhgdsOsygNjiQV4msuN3vDOUooehL+NwfsGfW79Tbqq
-Q2u7uQ3NZjW+M2T4nsDwuhkr7pe7xSReR5W8ssaczvtUyxkvbMClilcgZ2OSCAuC
-N9tzJsqOqkwBvXoNXkn//T2jnPz0ZU2wSF+NrEibq5FeuyGdoX3yXXBxq9pW9HzK
-HkQll63QSl6BzVSGRQq+B6lGgaZGLwf3mzmIND9Z5VGLNK2jKynyz9z091whNG/M
-kV+E7/r/bujHk7WIVId07G5/COTXmSr7kFnNEkd2Umw42dkgfiNKvlmJ9M7c1wLK
-KbL9Eb4ADuW6rRc5k4s1e6GT8R4/VPliWbCl9SE32hXH8uTkqVIFZP2eyM5WRRHs
-aKzitkQG9UK9gcb0kdgUkxOvvgPHAe5IuZlcHFzU4y0dBbU1VEFWVpiLU0q+IuNw
-5BRemeHc59YNsngkmAZ+/9zouoShRusZmC8Wzotv75C2qVBcjijPvmjWAUz0Zunm
-Lsr+O71vqHE73pERjD07wuD/ISjiYRYYE/bVrXtXLZijC7qAH4RE3nID+2ojcZyO
-/2jMQvt7un56RsGH4UBHi3aBHi9bUoDGCXKiQY981cEuNaOxpou7Mh3x/ONzzSvk
-sTV6nl1LOZHykN1JyKwaNbTSAiuyoN+7lOBqbV04DNYAHL88PrT21P83aQARAQAB
-tB1SaXBwbGUgTGFicyA8YnVnc0ByaXBwbGUuY29tPokCTgQTAQgAOBYhBLcsBlQv
-KuJQJ2OiaNkAhVqp9RTgBQJpEmQEAhsDBQsJCAcCBhUKCQgLAgQWAgMBAh4BAheA
-AAoJENkAhVqp9RTgBzgP/i7y+aDWl1maig1XMdyb+o0UGusumFSW4Hmj278wlKVv
-usgLPihYgHE0PKrv6WRyKOMC1tQEcYYN93M+OeQ1vFhS2YyURq6RCMmh4zq/awXG
-uZbG36OURB5NH8lGBOHiN/7O+nY0CgenBT2JWm+GW3nEOAVOVm4+r5GlpPlv+Dp1
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-yxZjeqOIQzWPhnLgCaLyvsKo5hxKzL0w3eURu8F3IS7RgOOlljv4M+Me9sEVcdNV
-aN3/tQwbaomSX1X5D5YXqhBwC3rU3wXwamsscRTGEpkV+JCX6KUqGP7nWmxCpAly
-FL05XuOd5SVHJjXLeuje0JqLUpN514uL+bThWwDbDTdAdwW3oK/2WbXz7IfJRLBj
-uQINBGkSZAQBEADdI3SL2F72qkrgFqXWE6HSRBu9bsAvTE5QrRPWk7ux6at537r4
-S4sIw2dOwLvbyIrDgKNq3LQ5wCK88NO/NeCOFm4AiCJSl3pJHXYnTDoUxTrrxx+o
-vSRI4I3fHEql/MqzgiAb0YUezjgFdh3vYheMPp/309PFbOLhiFqEcx80Mx5h06UH
-gDzu1qNj3Ec+31NLic5zwkrAkvFvD54d6bqYR3SEgMau6aYEewpGHbWBi2pLqSi2
-lQcAeOFixqGpTwDmAnYR8YtjBYepy0MojEAdTHcQQlOYSDk4q4elG+io2N8vECfU
-rD6ORecN48GXdZINYWTAdslrUeanmBdgQrYkSpce8TSghgT9P01SNaXxmyaehVUO
-lqI4pcg5G2oojAE8ncNS3TwDtt7daTaTC3bAdr4PXDVAzNAiewjMNZPB7xidkDGQ
-Y4W1LxTMXyJVWxehYOH7tsbBRKninlfRnLgYzmtIbNRAAvNcsxU6ihv3AV0WFknN
-YbSzotEv1Xq/5wk309x8zCDe+sP0cQicvbXafXmUzPAZzeqFg+VLFn7F9MP1WGlW
-B1u7VIvBF1Mp9Nd3EAGBAoLRdRu+0dVWIjPTQuPIuD9cCatJA0wVaKUrjYbBMl88
-a12LixNVGeSFS9N7ADHx0/o7GNT6l88YbaLP6zggUHpUD/bR+cDN7vllIQARAQAB
-iQI2BBgBCAAgFiEEtywGVC8q4lAnY6Jo2QCFWqn1FOAFAmkSZAQCGwwACgkQ2QCF
-Wqn1FOAfAA/8CYq4p0p4bobY20CKEMsZrkBTFJyPDqzFwMeTjgpzqbD7Y3Qq5QCK
-OBbvY02GWdiIsNOzKdBxiuam2xYP9WHZj4y7/uWEvT0qlPVmDFu+HXjoJ43oxwFd
-CUp2gMuQ4cSL3X94VRJ3BkVL+tgBm8CNY0vnTLLOO3kum/R69VsGJS1JSGUWjNM+
-4qwS3mz+73xJu1HmERyN2RZF/DGIZI2PyONQQ6aH85G1Dd2ohu2/DBAkQAMBrPbj
-FrbDaBLyFhODxU3kTWqnfLlaElSm2EGdIU2yx7n4BggEa//NZRMm5kyeo4vzhtlQ
-YIVUMLAOLZvnEqDnsLKp+22FzNR/O+htBQC4lPywl53oYSALdhz1IQlcAC1ru5KR
-XPzhIXV6IIzkcx9xNkEclZxmsuy5ERXyKEmLbIHAlzFmnrldlt2ZgXDtzaorLmxj
-klKibxd5tF50qOpOivz+oPtFo7n+HmFa1nlVAMxlDCUdM0pEVeYDKI5zfVwalyhZ
-NnjpakdZSXMwgc7NP/hH9buF35hKDp7EckT2y3JNYwHsDdy1icXN2q40XZw5tSIn
-zkPWdu3OUY8PISohN6Pw4h0RH4ZmoX97E8sEfmdKaT58U4Hf2aAv5r9IWCSrAVqY
-u5jvac29CzQR9Kal0A+8phHAXHNFD83SwzIC0syaT9ficAguwGH8X6Q=
-=nGuD
------END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----
-```
+We have partnered with Bugcrowd to manage this program. It is a private program, and security researchers can participate based on invitation. If you need access to the program, please email bugs@ripple.com with your Bugcrowd handle or Bugcrowd registered email, and we will get you added to the program. Once you have been added, please submit vulnerability reports through Bugcrowd, not by email. The detailed bug bounty policy is available on the Bugcrowd website.

bin/git/setup-upstreams.sh

@@ -1,83 +1,71 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 
-if [[ $# -ne 1 || "$1" == "--help" || "$1" == "-h" ]]
-then
-  name=$( basename $0 )
-  cat <<- USAGE
-  Usage: $name <username>
+if [[ $# -ne 1 || "$1" == "--help" || "$1" == "-h" ]]; then
+    name=$(basename $0)
+    cat <<-USAGE
+    Usage: $name <username>
 
-  Where <username> is the Github username of the upstream repo. e.g. XRPLF
+    Where <username> is the Github username of the upstream repo. e.g. XRPLF
 USAGE
-  exit 0
+    exit 0
 fi
 
 # Create upstream remotes based on origin
 shift
 user="$1"
 # Get the origin URL. Expect it be an SSH-style URL
-origin=$( git remote get-url origin )
-if [[ "${origin}" == "" ]]
-then
-  echo Invalid origin remote >&2
-  exit 1
+origin=$(git remote get-url origin)
+if [[ "${origin}" == "" ]]; then
+    echo Invalid origin remote >&2
+    exit 1
 fi
 # echo "Origin: ${origin}"
 # Parse the origin
 ifs_orig="${IFS}"
-IFS=':' read remote originpath <<< "${origin}"
+IFS=':' read remote originpath <<<"${origin}"
 # echo "Remote: ${remote}, Originpath: ${originpath}"
-IFS='@' read sshuser server <<< "${remote}"
+IFS='@' read sshuser server <<<"${remote}"
 # echo "SSHUser: ${sshuser}, Server: ${server}"
-IFS='/' read originuser repo <<< "${originpath}"
+IFS='/' read originuser repo <<<"${originpath}"
 # echo "Originuser: ${originuser}, Repo: ${repo}"
-if [[ "${sshuser}" == "" || "${server}" == "" || "${originuser}" == ""
-  || "${repo}" == "" ]]
-then
-  echo "Can't parse origin URL: ${origin}" >&2
-  exit 1
+if [[ "${sshuser}" == "" || "${server}" == "" || "${originuser}" == "" || "${repo}" == "" ]]; then
+    echo "Can't parse origin URL: ${origin}" >&2
+    exit 1
 fi
 upstream="https://${server}/${user}/${repo}"
 upstreampush="${remote}:${user}/${repo}"
 upstreamgroup="upstream upstream-push"
-current=$( git remote get-url upstream 2>/dev/null )
-currentpush=$( git remote get-url upstream-push 2>/dev/null )
-currentgroup=$( git config remotes.upstreams )
-if [[ "${current}" == "${upstream}" ]]
-then
-  echo "Upstream already set up correctly. Skip"
-elif [[ -n "${current}" && "${current}" != "${upstream}" &&
-  "${current}" != "${upstreampush}" ]]
-then
-  echo "Upstream already set up as: ${current}. Skip"
+current=$(git remote get-url upstream 2>/dev/null)
+currentpush=$(git remote get-url upstream-push 2>/dev/null)
+currentgroup=$(git config remotes.upstreams)
+if [[ "${current}" == "${upstream}" ]]; then
+    echo "Upstream already set up correctly. Skip"
+elif [[ -n "${current}" && "${current}" != "${upstream}" && "${current}" != "${upstreampush}" ]]; then
+    echo "Upstream already set up as: ${current}. Skip"
 else
-  if [[ "${current}" == "${upstreampush}" ]]
-  then
-    echo "Upstream set to dangerous push URL. Update."
-    _run git remote rename upstream upstream-push || \
-    _run git remote remove upstream
-    currentpush=$( git remote get-url upstream-push 2>/dev/null )
-  fi
-  _run git remote add upstream "${upstream}"
+    if [[ "${current}" == "${upstreampush}" ]]; then
+        echo "Upstream set to dangerous push URL. Update."
+        _run git remote rename upstream upstream-push ||
+            _run git remote remove upstream
+        currentpush=$(git remote get-url upstream-push 2>/dev/null)
+    fi
+    _run git remote add upstream "${upstream}"
 fi
 
-if [[ "${currentpush}" == "${upstreampush}" ]]
-then
-  echo "upstream-push already set up correctly. Skip"
-elif [[ -n "${currentpush}" && "${currentpush}" != "${upstreampush}" ]]
-then
-  echo "upstream-push already set up as: ${currentpush}. Skip"
+if [[ "${currentpush}" == "${upstreampush}" ]]; then
+    echo "upstream-push already set up correctly. Skip"
+elif [[ -n "${currentpush}" && "${currentpush}" != "${upstreampush}" ]]; then
+    echo "upstream-push already set up as: ${currentpush}. Skip"
 else
-  _run git remote add upstream-push "${upstreampush}"
+    _run git remote add upstream-push "${upstreampush}"
 fi
 
-if [[ "${currentgroup}" == "${upstreamgroup}" ]]
-then
-  echo "Upstreams group already set up correctly. Skip"
-elif [[ -n "${currentgroup}" && "${currentgroup}" != "${upstreamgroup}" ]]
-then
-  echo "Upstreams group already set up as: ${currentgroup}. Skip"
+if [[ "${currentgroup}" == "${upstreamgroup}" ]]; then
+    echo "Upstreams group already set up correctly. Skip"
+elif [[ -n "${currentgroup}" && "${currentgroup}" != "${upstreamgroup}" ]]; then
+    echo "Upstreams group already set up as: ${currentgroup}. Skip"
 else
-  _run git config --add remotes.upstreams "${upstreamgroup}"
+    _run git config --add remotes.upstreams "${upstreamgroup}"
 fi
 
 _run git fetch --jobs=$(nproc) upstreams

bin/git/squash-branches.sh

@@ -1,61 +1,56 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 
-if [[ $# -lt 3 || "$1" == "--help" || "$1" = "-h" ]]
-then
-  name=$( basename $0 )
-  cat <<- USAGE
-  Usage: $name workbranch base/branch user/branch [user/branch [...]]
+if [[ $# -lt 3 || "$1" == "--help" || "$1" = "-h" ]]; then
+    name=$(basename $0)
+    cat <<-USAGE
+    Usage: $name workbranch base/branch user/branch [user/branch [...]]
 
-  * workbranch will be created locally from base/branch
-  * base/branch and user/branch may be specified as user:branch to allow
-    easy copying from Github PRs
-  * Remotes for each user must already be set up
+    * workbranch will be created locally from base/branch
+    * base/branch and user/branch may be specified as user:branch to allow
+        easy copying from Github PRs
+    * Remotes for each user must already be set up
 USAGE
-exit 0
+    exit 0
 fi
 
 work="$1"
 shift
 
-branches=( $( echo "${@}" | sed "s/:/\//" ) )
+branches=($(echo "${@}" | sed "s/:/\//"))
 base="${branches[0]}"
 unset branches[0]
 
 set -e
 
 users=()
-for b in "${branches[@]}"
-do
-  users+=( $( echo $b | cut -d/ -f1 ) )
+for b in "${branches[@]}"; do
+    users+=($(echo $b | cut -d/ -f1))
 done
 
-users=( $( printf '%s\n' "${users[@]}" | sort -u ) )
+users=($(printf '%s\n' "${users[@]}" | sort -u))
 
 git fetch --multiple upstreams "${users[@]}"
 git checkout -B "$work" --no-track "$base"
 
-for b in "${branches[@]}"
-do
-  git merge --squash "${b}"
-  git commit -S # Use the commit message provided on the PR
+for b in "${branches[@]}"; do
+    git merge --squash "${b}"
+    git commit -S # Use the commit message provided on the PR
 done
 
 # Make sure the commits look right
 git log --show-signature "$base..HEAD"
 
-parts=( $( echo $base | sed "s/\// /" ) )
+parts=($(echo $base | sed "s/\// /"))
 repo="${parts[0]}"
 b="${parts[1]}"
 push=$repo
-if [[ "$push" == "upstream" ]]
-then
-  push="upstream-push"
+if [[ "$push" == "upstream" ]]; then
+    push="upstream-push"
 fi
-if [[ "$repo" == "upstream" ]]
-then
-  repo="upstreams"
+if [[ "$repo" == "upstream" ]]; then
+    repo="upstreams"
 fi
-cat << PUSH
+cat <<PUSH
 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------
 This script will not push. Verify everything is correct, then push

bin/git/update-version.sh

@@ -1,23 +1,22 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 
-if [[ $# -ne 3 || "$1" == "--help" || "$1" = "-h" ]]
-then
-  name=$( basename $0 )
-  cat <<- USAGE
-  Usage: $name workbranch base/branch version
+if [[ $# -ne 3 || "$1" == "--help" || "$1" = "-h" ]]; then
+    name=$(basename $0)
+    cat <<-USAGE
+    Usage: $name workbranch base/branch version
 
-  * workbranch will be created locally from base/branch. If it exists,
-    it will be reused, so make sure you don't overwrite any work.
-  * base/branch may be specified as user:branch to allow easy copying
-    from Github PRs.
+    * workbranch will be created locally from base/branch. If it exists,
+        it will be reused, so make sure you don't overwrite any work.
+    * base/branch may be specified as user:branch to allow easy copying
+        from Github PRs.
 USAGE
-exit 0
+    exit 0
 fi
 
 work="$1"
 shift
 
-base=$( echo "$1" | sed "s/:/\//" )
+base=$(echo "$1" | sed "s/:/\//")
 shift
 
 version=$1
@@ -29,17 +28,16 @@ git fetch upstreams
 
 git checkout -B "${work}" --no-track "${base}"
 
-push=$( git rev-parse --abbrev-ref --symbolic-full-name '@{push}' \
-              2>/dev/null ) || true
-if [[ "${push}" != "" ]]
-then
-  echo "Warning: ${push} may already exist."
+push=$(git rev-parse --abbrev-ref --symbolic-full-name '@{push}' \
+    2>/dev/null) || true
+if [[ "${push}" != "" ]]; then
+    echo "Warning: ${push} may already exist."
 fi
 
-build=$( find -name BuildInfo.cpp )
-sed 's/\(^.*versionString =\).*$/\1 "'${version}'"/' ${build} > version.cpp && \
-diff "${build}" version.cpp && exit 1 || \
-mv -vi version.cpp ${build}
+build=$(find -name BuildInfo.cpp)
+sed 's/\(^.*versionString =\).*$/\1 "'${version}'"/' ${build} >version.cpp &&
+    diff "${build}" version.cpp && exit 1 ||
+    mv -vi version.cpp ${build}
 
 git diff
 
@@ -49,7 +47,7 @@ git commit -S -m "Set version to ${version}"
 
 git log --oneline --first-parent ${base}^..
 
-cat << PUSH
+cat <<PUSH
 
 -------------------------------------------------------------------
 This script will not push. Verify everything is correct, then push

bin/pre-commit/clang_tidy_check.py

@@ -0,0 +1,212 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""Pre-commit hook that runs clang-tidy on changed files using run-clang-tidy."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+import os
+import re
+import shutil
+import subprocess
+import sys
+from collections import defaultdict
+from pathlib import Path
+
+HEADER_EXTENSIONS = {".h", ".hpp", ".ipp"}
+SOURCE_EXTENSIONS = {".cpp"}
+INCLUDE_RE = re.compile(r"^\s*#\s*include\s*[<\"]([^>\"]+)[>\"]")
+
+
+def find_run_clang_tidy() -> str | None:
+    for candidate in ("run-clang-tidy-21", "run-clang-tidy"):
+        if path := shutil.which(candidate):
+            return path
+    return None
+
+
+def find_build_dir(repo_root: Path) -> Path | None:
+    for name in (".build", "build"):
+        candidate = repo_root / name
+        if (candidate / "compile_commands.json").exists():
+            return candidate
+    return None
+
+
+def build_include_graph(build_dir: Path, repo_root: Path) -> tuple[dict, set]:
+    """
+    Scan all files reachable from compile_commands.json and build an inverted include graph.
+
+    Returns:
+        inverted: header_path -> set of files that include it
+        source_files: set of all TU paths from compile_commands.json
+    """
+    with open(build_dir / "compile_commands.json") as f:
+        db = json.load(f)
+
+    source_files = {Path(e["file"]).resolve() for e in db}
+    include_roots = [repo_root / "include", repo_root / "src"]
+    inverted: dict[Path, set[Path]] = defaultdict(set)
+
+    to_scan: set[Path] = set(source_files)
+    scanned: set[Path] = set()
+
+    while to_scan:
+        file = to_scan.pop()
+        if file in scanned or not file.exists():
+            continue
+        scanned.add(file)
+
+        content = file.read_text()
+
+        for line in content.splitlines():
+            m = INCLUDE_RE.match(line)
+            if not m:
+                continue
+            for root in include_roots:
+                candidate = (root / m.group(1)).resolve()
+                if candidate.exists():
+                    inverted[candidate].add(file)
+                    if candidate not in scanned:
+                        to_scan.add(candidate)
+                    break
+
+    return inverted, source_files
+
+
+def find_tus_for_headers(
+    headers: list[Path],
+    inverted: dict[Path, set[Path]],
+    source_files: set[Path],
+) -> set[Path]:
+    """
+    For each header, pick one TU that transitively includes it.
+    Prefers a TU whose stem matches the header's stem, otherwise picks the first found.
+    """
+    result: set[Path] = set()
+
+    for header in headers:
+        preferred: Path | None = None
+        visited: set[Path] = {header}
+        stack: list[Path] = [header]
+
+        while stack:
+            h = stack.pop()
+            for inc in inverted.get(h, ()):
+                if inc in source_files:
+                    if inc.stem == header.stem:
+                        preferred = inc
+                        break
+                    if preferred is None:
+                        preferred = inc
+                if inc not in visited:
+                    visited.add(inc)
+                    stack.append(inc)
+            if preferred is not None and preferred.stem == header.stem:
+                break
+
+        if preferred is not None:
+            result.add(preferred)
+
+    return result
+
+
+def resolve_files(
+    input_files: list[str], build_dir: Path, repo_root: Path
+) -> list[str]:
+    """
+    Split input into source files and headers. Source files are passed through;
+    headers are resolved to the TUs that transitively include them.
+    """
+    sources: list[Path] = []
+    headers: list[Path] = []
+
+    for f in input_files:
+        p = Path(f).resolve()
+        if p.suffix in SOURCE_EXTENSIONS:
+            sources.append(p)
+        elif p.suffix in HEADER_EXTENSIONS:
+            headers.append(p)
+
+    if not headers:
+        return [str(p) for p in sources]
+
+    print(
+        f"Resolving {len(headers)} header(s) to compilation units...", file=sys.stderr
+    )
+    inverted, source_files = build_include_graph(build_dir, repo_root)
+    tus = find_tus_for_headers(headers, inverted, source_files)
+
+    if not tus:
+        print(
+            "Warning: no compilation units found that include the modified headers; "
+            "skipping clang-tidy for headers.",
+            file=sys.stderr,
+        )
+
+    return sorted({str(p) for p in (*sources, *tus)})
+
+
+def staged_files(repo_root: Path) -> list[str]:
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        ["git", "diff", "--staged", "--name-only", "--diff-filter=d"],
+        capture_output=True,
+        text=True,
+        cwd=repo_root,
+    )
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        print(
+            "clang-tidy check failed: 'git diff --staged' command failed.",
+            file=sys.stderr,
+        )
+        if result.stderr:
+            print(result.stderr, file=sys.stderr)
+        sys.exit(result.returncode or 1)
+    return [str(repo_root / p) for p in result.stdout.splitlines() if p]
+
+
+def main():
+    if not os.environ.get("TIDY"):
+        return 0
+
+    repo_root = Path(
+        subprocess.check_output(
+            ["git", "rev-parse", "--show-toplevel"],
+            cwd=Path(__file__).parent,
+            text=True,
+        ).strip()
+    )
+    files = staged_files(repo_root)
+    if not files:
+        return 0
+
+    run_clang_tidy = find_run_clang_tidy()
+    if not run_clang_tidy:
+        print(
+            "clang-tidy check failed: TIDY is enabled but neither "
+            "'run-clang-tidy-21' nor 'run-clang-tidy' was found in PATH.",
+            file=sys.stderr,
+        )
+        return 1
+
+    build_dir = find_build_dir(repo_root)
+    if not build_dir:
+        print(
+            "clang-tidy check failed: no build directory with compile_commands.json found "
+            "(looked for .build/ and build/)",
+            file=sys.stderr,
+        )
+        return 1
+
+    tidy_files = resolve_files(files, build_dir, repo_root)
+    if not tidy_files:
+        return 0
+
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        [run_clang_tidy, "-quiet", "-p", str(build_dir), "-fix", "-allow-no-checks"]
+        + tidy_files
+    )
+    return result.returncode
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    sys.exit(main())

bin/pre-commit/fix_include_style.py

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+
+"""
+Converts quoted includes (#include "...") to angle-bracket includes
+(#include <...>), which is the required style in this project.
+
+Usage: ./bin/pre-commit/fix_include_style.py <file1> <file2> ...
+"""
+
+import re
+import sys
+from pathlib import Path
+
+PATTERN = re.compile(r'^(\s*#include\s*)"([^"]+)"', re.MULTILINE)
+
+
+def fix_includes(path: Path) -> bool:
+    original = path.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
+    fixed = PATTERN.sub(r"\1<\2>", original)
+    if fixed != original:
+        path.write_text(fixed, encoding="utf-8")
+        return False
+    return True
+
+
+def main() -> int:
+    files = [Path(f) for f in sys.argv[1:]]
+    success = True
+
+    for path in files:
+        success &= fix_includes(path)
+
+    return 0 if success else 1
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    sys.exit(main())

cfg/validators-example.txt

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
 #    https://vl.ripple.com
 #    https://unl.xrplf.org
 #    http://127.0.0.1:8000
-#    file:///etc/opt/ripple/vl.txt
+#    file:///etc/xrpld/vl.txt
 #
 # [validator_list_keys]
 #
@@ -43,11 +43,11 @@
 #    ED307A760EE34F2D0CAA103377B1969117C38B8AA0AA1E2A24DAC1F32FC97087ED
 #
 
-# The default validator list publishers that the rippled instance
+# The default validator list publishers that the xrpld instance
 # trusts.
 #
-# WARNING: Changing these values can cause your rippled instance to see a
-#          validated ledger that contradicts other rippled instances'
+# WARNING: Changing these values can cause your xrpld instance to see a
+#          validated ledger that contradicts other xrpld instances'
 #          validated ledgers (aka a ledger fork) if your validator list(s)
 #          do not sufficiently overlap with the list(s) used by others.
 #          See: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1802.07242.pdf

cfg/xrpld-example.cfg

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 #
 #   2. Peer Protocol
 #
-#   3. Ripple Protocol
+#   3. XRPL protocol
 #
 #   4. HTTPS Client
 #
@@ -383,7 +383,7 @@
 #
 #   These settings control security and access attributes of the Peer to Peer
 #   server section of the xrpld process. Peer Protocol implements the
-#   Ripple Payment protocol. It is over peer connections that transactions
+#   XRPL payment protocol. It is over peer connections that transactions
 #   and validations are passed from to machine to machine, to determine the
 #   contents of validated ledgers.
 #
@@ -406,7 +406,7 @@
 #
 # [ips]
 #
-#   List of hostnames or ips where the Ripple protocol is served.  A default
+#   List of hostnames or ips where the XRPL protocol is served.  A default
 #   starter list is included in the code and used if no other hostnames are
 #   available.
 #
@@ -435,7 +435,7 @@
 #   List of IP addresses or hostnames to which xrpld should always attempt to
 #   maintain peer connections with. This is useful for manually forming private
 #   networks, for example to configure a validation server that connects to the
-#   Ripple network through a public-facing server, or for building a set
+#   XRPL network through a public-facing server, or for building a set
 #   of cluster peers.
 #
 #   One address or domain names per line is allowed. A port must be specified
@@ -527,6 +527,17 @@
 #
 #       The current default (which is subject to change) is 300 seconds.
 #
+#   verify_endpoints = <0 | 1>
+#
+#       If set to 0, the server will skip validation of endpoint
+#       addresses received in TMEndpoints peer protocol messages,
+#       allowing addresses that are not publicly routable or have a
+#       port of 0. The default is 1 (verification enabled).
+#
+#       WARNING: Disabling this option is a security risk and should
+#       only be used for local testing and debugging. Do not disable
+#       on mainnet.
+#
 #
 # [transaction_queue] EXPERIMENTAL
 #
@@ -748,8 +759,8 @@
 #   the folder in which the xrpld.cfg file is located.
 #
 #   Examples:
-#    /home/ripple/validators.txt
-#    C:/home/ripple/validators.txt
+#    /home/username/validators.txt
+#    C:/home/username/validators.txt
 #
 #   Example content:
 #    [validators]
@@ -840,7 +851,7 @@
 #
 #   0: Disable the ledger replay feature [default]
 #   1: Enable the ledger replay feature. With this feature enabled, when
-#      acquiring a ledger from the network, a xrpld node only downloads
+#      acquiring a ledger from the network, an xrpld node only downloads
 #      the ledger header and the transactions instead of the whole ledger.
 #      And the ledger is built by applying the transactions to the parent
 #      ledger.
@@ -853,7 +864,7 @@
 #
 #   The xrpld server instance uses HTTPS GET requests in a variety of
 #   circumstances, including but not limited to contacting trusted domains to
-#   fetch information such as mapping an email address to a Ripple Payment
+#   fetch information such as mapping an email address to an XRPL payment
 #   Network address.
 #
 # [ssl_verify]
@@ -942,6 +953,21 @@
 #
 #   Optional keys for NuDB and RocksDB:
 #
+#       cache_size          Size of cache for database records. Default is 16384.
+#                           Setting this value to 0 will use the default value.
+#
+#       cache_age           Length of time in minutes to keep database records
+#                           cached. Default is 5 minutes. Setting this value to
+#                           0 will use the default value.
+#
+#                           Note: if cache_size or cache_age is not specified,
+#                           default values will be used for the unspecified
+#                           parameter.
+#
+#                           Note: the cache will not be created if online_delete
+#                           is specified, because the rotating NodeStore does
+#                           not use this cache).
+#
 #       fast_load           Boolean. If set, load the last persisted ledger
 #                           from disk upon process start before syncing to
 #                           the network. This is likely to improve performance
@@ -1227,7 +1253,7 @@
 #
 #----------
 #
-#   The vote settings configure settings for the entire Ripple network.
+#   The vote settings configure settings for the entire XRPL network.
 #   While a single instance of xrpld cannot unilaterally enforce network-wide
 #   settings, these choices become part of the instance's vote during the
 #   consensus process for each voting ledger.
@@ -1258,7 +1284,7 @@
 #       default. Don't change this without understanding the consequences.
 #
 #       Example:
-#           account_reserve = 10000000   # 10 XRP
+#           account_reserve = 1000000   # 1 XRP
 #
 #   owner_reserve = <drops>
 #
@@ -1270,7 +1296,7 @@
 #       default. Don't change this without understanding the consequences.
 #
 #       Example:
-#           owner_reserve = 2000000      # 2 XRP
+#           owner_reserve = 200000      # 0.2 XRP
 #
 #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 #
@@ -1416,6 +1442,12 @@
 #       in this section to a comma-separated list of the addresses
 #       of your Clio servers, in order to bypass xrpld's rate limiting.
 #
+#       TLS/SSL can be enabled for gRPC by specifying ssl_cert and ssl_key.
+#       Both parameters must be provided together. The ssl_cert_chain parameter
+#       is optional and provides intermediate CA certificates for the certificate
+#       chain. The ssl_client_ca parameter is optional and enables mutual TLS
+#       (client certificate verification).
+#
 #   This port is commented out but can be enabled by removing
 #   the '#' from each corresponding line including the entry under [server]
 #
@@ -1449,10 +1481,7 @@ admin = 127.0.0.1
 protocol = http
 
 [port_peer]
-# Many servers still use the legacy port of 51235, so for backward-compatibility
-# we maintain that port number here. However, for new servers we recommend
-# changing this to the default port of 2459.
-port = 51235
+port = 2459
 ip = 0.0.0.0
 # alternatively, to accept connections on IPv4 + IPv6, use:
 #ip = ::
@@ -1465,11 +1494,74 @@ admin = 127.0.0.1
 protocol = ws
 send_queue_limit = 500
 
+# gRPC TLS/SSL Configuration
+#
+#   The gRPC port supports optional TLS/SSL encryption. When TLS is not
+#   configured, the gRPC server will accept unencrypted connections.
+#
+#   ssl_cert = <filename>
+#   ssl_key = <filename>
+#
+#       To enable TLS for gRPC, both ssl_cert and ssl_key must be specified.
+#       If only one is provided, xrpld will fail to start.
+#
+#       ssl_cert: Path to the server's SSL certificate file in PEM format.
+#       ssl_key:  Path to the server's SSL private key file in PEM format.
+#
+#       When configured, the gRPC server will only accept TLS-encrypted
+#       connections. Clients must use TLS (secure) channel credentials rather
+#       than plaintext / insecure connections.
+#
+#   ssl_cert_chain = <filename>
+#
+#       Optional. Path to intermediate CA certificate(s) in PEM format that
+#       complete the server's certificate chain.
+#
+#       This file should contain the intermediate CA certificate(s) needed
+#       to build a trust chain from the server certificate (ssl_cert) to a
+#       root CA that clients trust. Multiple certificates should be
+#       concatenated in PEM format.
+#
+#       This is needed when your server certificate was signed by an
+#       intermediate CA rather than directly by a root CA. Without this,
+#       clients may fail to verify your server certificate.
+#
+#       If not specified, only the server certificate from ssl_cert will be
+#       presented to clients.
+#
+#   ssl_client_ca = <filename>
+#
+#       Optional. Path to a CA certificate file in PEM format for verifying
+#       client certificates (mutual TLS / mTLS).
+#
+#       When specified, the gRPC server will verify client certificates
+#       against this CA. This enables mutual authentication where both the
+#       server and client verify each other's identity.
+#
+#       This is typically NOT needed for public-facing gRPC servers. Only
+#       use this if you want to restrict access to clients with valid
+#       certificates signed by the specified CA.
+#
+#       If not specified, the server will use one-way TLS (server
+#       authentication only) and will accept connections from any client.
+#
 [port_grpc]
 port = 50051
 ip = 127.0.0.1
 secure_gateway = 127.0.0.1
 
+# Optional TLS/SSL configuration for gRPC
+# To enable TLS, uncomment and configure both ssl_cert and ssl_key:
+#ssl_cert = /etc/ssl/certs/grpc-server.crt
+#ssl_key = /etc/ssl/private/grpc-server.key
+
+# Optional: Include intermediate CA certificates for complete certificate chain
+#ssl_cert_chain = /etc/ssl/certs/grpc-intermediate-ca.crt
+
+# Optional: Enable mutual TLS (client certificate verification)
+# Uncomment to require and verify client certificates:
+#ssl_client_ca = /etc/ssl/certs/grpc-client-ca.crt
+
 #[port_ws_public]
 #port = 6005
 #ip = 127.0.0.1
@@ -1529,3 +1621,65 @@ validators.txt
 # set to ssl_verify to 0.
 [ssl_verify]
 1
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#
+# 11. Telemetry (OpenTelemetry Tracing)
+#
+#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#
+# Enables distributed tracing via OpenTelemetry. Requires building with
+# -DXRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY=ON (telemetry Conan option).
+#
+# [telemetry]
+#
+# enabled=0
+#
+#   Enable or disable telemetry at runtime. Default: 0 (disabled).
+#
+# service_name=xrpld
+#
+#   OTel resource attribute `service.name`. Default: xrpld.
+#   The node's network ID (from [network_id]) is automatically added
+#   as the `xrpl.network.id` and `xrpl.network.type` resource attributes.
+#
+# endpoint=http://localhost:4318/v1/traces
+#
+#   The OTLP/HTTP exporter endpoint. The server sends trace data as
+#   protobuf-encoded HTTP POST requests to this URL.
+#   Default: http://localhost:4318/v1/traces.
+#
+# sampling_ratio=1.0
+#
+#   Head-based sampling ratio using TraceIdRatioBasedSampler. The decision
+#   to record or drop a trace is made at span creation time, before the
+#   span starts, based on the trace ID. Values in [0.0, 1.0].
+#   1.0 = trace everything, 0.1 = sample ~10% of traces. Default: 1.0.
+#   For tail-based (post-hoc) filtering — where you decide to drop a span
+#   after inspecting its content — use SpanGuard::discard() in code.
+#
+# trace_rpc=1
+#
+#   Enable tracing for JSON-RPC and WebSocket API request handling —
+#   command parsing, execution, and response serialization. Default: 1.
+#
+# trace_transactions=1
+#
+#   Enable tracing for the transaction lifecycle — submission, validation,
+#   application to ledgers, and final disposition. Default: 1.
+#
+# trace_consensus=1
+#
+#   Enable tracing for the consensus round lifecycle — proposals,
+#   validations, mode changes, and ledger acceptance. Default: 1.
+#
+# trace_peer=0
+#
+#   Enable tracing for peer-to-peer protocol messages — overlay message
+#   send/receive, peer handshakes, and routing. High volume; disabled
+#   by default. Default: 0.
+#
+# trace_ledger=1
+#
+#   Enable tracing for ledger close and accept operations — ledger
+#   building, state hashing, and write-back to the node store. Default: 1.
+#

cmake/XrplCompiler.cmake

@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ if(MSVC)
             NOMINMAX
             # TODO: Resolve these warnings, don't just silence them
             _SILENCE_ALL_CXX17_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS
-            $<$<AND:$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>,$<CONFIG:Debug>,$<NOT:$<BOOL:${is_ci}>>>:_CRTDBG_MAP_ALLOC>
+            $<$<AND:$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>,$<CONFIG:Debug>>:_CRTDBG_MAP_ALLOC>
     )
     target_link_libraries(common INTERFACE -errorreport:none -machine:X64)
 else()

cmake/XrplCore.cmake

@@ -108,24 +108,12 @@ target_link_libraries(
 )
 
 # Level 05
-## Set up code generation for protocol_autogen module
-include(XrplProtocolAutogen)
-# Must call setup_protocol_autogen before add_module so that:
-# 1. Stale generated files are cleared before GLOB runs
-# 2. Output file list is known for custom commands
-setup_protocol_autogen()
-
 add_module(xrpl protocol_autogen)
 target_link_libraries(
     xrpl.libxrpl.protocol_autogen
     PUBLIC xrpl.libxrpl.protocol
 )
 
-# Ensure code generation runs before compiling protocol_autogen
-if(TARGET protocol_autogen_generate)
-    add_dependencies(xrpl.libxrpl.protocol_autogen protocol_autogen_generate)
-endif()
-
 # Level 06
 add_module(xrpl core)
 target_link_libraries(
@@ -204,6 +192,23 @@ target_link_libraries(
 add_module(xrpl tx)
 target_link_libraries(xrpl.libxrpl.tx PUBLIC xrpl.libxrpl.ledger)
 
+# Telemetry module — OpenTelemetry distributed tracing support.
+# Sources: include/xrpl/telemetry/ (headers), src/libxrpl/telemetry/ (impl).
+# When telemetry=ON, links the Conan-provided umbrella target
+# opentelemetry-cpp::opentelemetry-cpp (individual component targets like
+# ::api, ::sdk are not available in the Conan package).
+add_module(xrpl telemetry)
+target_link_libraries(
+    xrpl.libxrpl.telemetry
+    PUBLIC xrpl.libxrpl.basics xrpl.libxrpl.beast
+)
+if(telemetry)
+    target_link_libraries(
+        xrpl.libxrpl.telemetry
+        PUBLIC opentelemetry-cpp::opentelemetry-cpp
+    )
+endif()
+
 add_library(xrpl.libxrpl)
 set_target_properties(xrpl.libxrpl PROPERTIES OUTPUT_NAME xrpl)
 
@@ -235,6 +240,7 @@ target_link_modules(
     resource
     server
     shamap
+    telemetry
     tx
 )
 

cmake/XrplInterface.cmake

@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@ target_compile_definitions(
         BOOST_FILESYSTEM_NO_DEPRECATED
         >
         $<$<NOT:$<BOOL:${boost_show_deprecated}>>:
-        BOOST_COROUTINES2_NO_DEPRECATION_WARNING
         BOOST_BEAST_ALLOW_DEPRECATED
         BOOST_FILESYSTEM_DEPRECATED
         >

cmake/XrplPackaging.cmake

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+#[===================================================================[
+   Linux packaging support: 'package' target.
+
+   The packaging script (package/build_pkg.sh) installs to FHS-standard
+   paths (/usr/bin, /etc/xrpld, etc.) regardless of CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX,
+   so no prefix guard is needed here.
+#]===================================================================]
+if(NOT is_linux)
+    message(STATUS "Packaging not supported on non-Linux hosts")
+    return()
+endif()
+
+if(NOT DEFINED pkg_release)
+    set(pkg_release 1)
+endif()
+
+find_program(RPMBUILD_EXECUTABLE rpmbuild)
+find_program(DPKG_BUILDPACKAGE_EXECUTABLE dpkg-buildpackage)
+
+if(NOT (RPMBUILD_EXECUTABLE OR DPKG_BUILDPACKAGE_EXECUTABLE))
+    message(
+        STATUS
+        "Neither rpmbuild nor dpkg-buildpackage found; 'package' target not available"
+    )
+    return()
+endif()
+
+set(package_env
+    SRC_DIR=${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}
+    BUILD_DIR=${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}
+    PKG_VERSION=${xrpld_version}
+    PKG_RELEASE=${pkg_release}
+)
+
+add_custom_target(
+    package
+    COMMAND
+        ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E env ${package_env}
+        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/package/build_pkg.sh
+    WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}
+    DEPENDS xrpld
+    COMMENT "Building Linux package (deb/rpm inferred from host tooling)"
+    VERBATIM
+)

cmake/XrplProtocolAutogen.cmake

@@ -2,308 +2,145 @@
    Protocol Autogen - Code generation for protocol wrapper classes
 #]===================================================================]
 
-# Options for code generation
-option(
-    XRPL_NO_CODEGEN
-    "Disable code generation (use pre-generated files from repository)"
-    OFF
-)
 set(CODEGEN_VENV_DIR
-    ""
+    "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/.venv"
     CACHE PATH
-    "Path to Python virtual environment for code generation. If provided, automatic venv setup is skipped."
+    "Path to a Python virtual environment for code generation. A venv will be created here by setup_code_gen and used to run generation scripts."
 )
 
-# Function to set up code generation for protocol_autogen module
-# This runs at configure time to generate C++ wrapper classes from macro files
-function(setup_protocol_autogen)
-    # Directory paths
-    set(MACRO_DIR "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/xrpl/protocol/detail")
-    set(AUTOGEN_HEADER_DIR
-        "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/xrpl/protocol_autogen"
-    )
-    set(AUTOGEN_TEST_DIR
-        "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/tests/libxrpl/protocol_autogen"
-    )
-    set(SCRIPTS_DIR "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/scripts")
+# Directory paths
+set(MACRO_DIR "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/xrpl/protocol/detail")
+set(AUTOGEN_HEADER_DIR
+    "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/xrpl/protocol_autogen"
+)
+set(AUTOGEN_TEST_DIR
+    "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/tests/libxrpl/protocol_autogen"
+)
+set(SCRIPTS_DIR "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/cmake/scripts/codegen")
 
-    # Input macro files
-    set(TRANSACTIONS_MACRO "${MACRO_DIR}/transactions.macro")
-    set(LEDGER_ENTRIES_MACRO "${MACRO_DIR}/ledger_entries.macro")
-    set(SFIELDS_MACRO "${MACRO_DIR}/sfields.macro")
+# Input macro files
+set(TRANSACTIONS_MACRO "${MACRO_DIR}/transactions.macro")
+set(LEDGER_ENTRIES_MACRO "${MACRO_DIR}/ledger_entries.macro")
+set(SFIELDS_MACRO "${MACRO_DIR}/sfields.macro")
 
-    # Python scripts and templates
-    set(GENERATE_TX_SCRIPT "${SCRIPTS_DIR}/generate_tx_classes.py")
-    set(GENERATE_LEDGER_SCRIPT "${SCRIPTS_DIR}/generate_ledger_classes.py")
-    set(REQUIREMENTS_FILE "${SCRIPTS_DIR}/requirements.txt")
-    set(MACRO_PARSER_COMMON "${SCRIPTS_DIR}/macro_parser_common.py")
-    set(TX_TEMPLATE "${SCRIPTS_DIR}/templates/Transaction.h.mako")
-    set(TX_TEST_TEMPLATE "${SCRIPTS_DIR}/templates/TransactionTests.cpp.mako")
-    set(LEDGER_TEMPLATE "${SCRIPTS_DIR}/templates/LedgerEntry.h.mako")
-    set(LEDGER_TEST_TEMPLATE
-        "${SCRIPTS_DIR}/templates/LedgerEntryTests.cpp.mako"
+# Python scripts and templates
+set(GENERATE_TX_SCRIPT "${SCRIPTS_DIR}/generate_tx_classes.py")
+set(GENERATE_LEDGER_SCRIPT "${SCRIPTS_DIR}/generate_ledger_classes.py")
+set(REQUIREMENTS_FILE "${SCRIPTS_DIR}/requirements.txt")
+set(MACRO_PARSER_COMMON "${SCRIPTS_DIR}/macro_parser_common.py")
+set(TX_TEMPLATE "${SCRIPTS_DIR}/templates/Transaction.h.mako")
+set(TX_TEST_TEMPLATE "${SCRIPTS_DIR}/templates/TransactionTests.cpp.mako")
+set(LEDGER_TEMPLATE "${SCRIPTS_DIR}/templates/LedgerEntry.h.mako")
+set(LEDGER_TEST_TEMPLATE "${SCRIPTS_DIR}/templates/LedgerEntryTests.cpp.mako")
+set(ALL_INPUT_FILES
+    "${TRANSACTIONS_MACRO}"
+    "${LEDGER_ENTRIES_MACRO}"
+    "${SFIELDS_MACRO}"
+    "${GENERATE_TX_SCRIPT}"
+    "${GENERATE_LEDGER_SCRIPT}"
+    "${REQUIREMENTS_FILE}"
+    "${MACRO_PARSER_COMMON}"
+    "${TX_TEMPLATE}"
+    "${TX_TEST_TEMPLATE}"
+    "${LEDGER_TEMPLATE}"
+    "${LEDGER_TEST_TEMPLATE}"
+)
+
+# Create output directories
+file(MAKE_DIRECTORY "${AUTOGEN_HEADER_DIR}/transactions")
+file(MAKE_DIRECTORY "${AUTOGEN_HEADER_DIR}/ledger_entries")
+file(MAKE_DIRECTORY "${AUTOGEN_TEST_DIR}/ledger_entries")
+file(MAKE_DIRECTORY "${AUTOGEN_TEST_DIR}/transactions")
+
+# Find Python3
+if(NOT Python3_EXECUTABLE)
+    find_package(Python3 COMPONENTS Interpreter QUIET)
+endif()
+
+if(NOT Python3_EXECUTABLE)
+    find_program(Python3_EXECUTABLE NAMES python3 python)
+endif()
+
+if(NOT Python3_EXECUTABLE)
+    message(
+        WARNING
+        "Python3 not found. The 'code_gen' and 'setup_code_gen' targets will not be available."
     )
+    return()
+endif()
 
-    # Check if code generation is disabled
-    if(XRPL_NO_CODEGEN)
+# Warn if pip is configured with a non-default index (may need VPN).
+execute_process(
+    COMMAND ${Python3_EXECUTABLE} -m pip config get global.index-url
+    OUTPUT_VARIABLE PIP_INDEX_URL
+    OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE
+    ERROR_QUIET
+    RESULT_VARIABLE PIP_CONFIG_RESULT
+)
+if(PIP_CONFIG_RESULT EQUAL 0 AND PIP_INDEX_URL)
+    if(
+        NOT PIP_INDEX_URL STREQUAL "https://pypi.org/simple"
+        AND NOT PIP_INDEX_URL STREQUAL "https://pypi.python.org/simple"
+    )
         message(
             WARNING
-            "Protocol autogen: Code generation is disabled (XRPL_NO_CODEGEN=ON). "
-            "Generated files may be out of date."
+            "Private pip index URL detected: ${PIP_INDEX_URL}\n"
+            "You may need to connect to VPN to access this URL."
         )
-        return()
     endif()
+endif()
 
-    # Create output directories
-    file(MAKE_DIRECTORY "${AUTOGEN_HEADER_DIR}/transactions")
-    file(MAKE_DIRECTORY "${AUTOGEN_HEADER_DIR}/ledger_entries")
-    file(MAKE_DIRECTORY "${AUTOGEN_TEST_DIR}/ledger_entries")
-    file(MAKE_DIRECTORY "${AUTOGEN_TEST_DIR}/transactions")
-
-    # Find Python3 - check if already found by Conan or find it ourselves
-    if(NOT Python3_EXECUTABLE)
-        find_package(Python3 COMPONENTS Interpreter QUIET)
-    endif()
-
-    if(NOT Python3_EXECUTABLE)
-        # Try finding python3 executable directly
-        find_program(Python3_EXECUTABLE NAMES python3 python)
-    endif()
-
-    if(NOT Python3_EXECUTABLE)
-        message(
-            FATAL_ERROR
-            "Python3 not found. Code generation cannot proceed.\n"
-            "Please install Python 3, or set -DXRPL_NO_CODEGEN=ON to use existing generated files."
-        )
-        return()
-    endif()
-
-    message(STATUS "Using Python3 for code generation: ${Python3_EXECUTABLE}")
-
-    # Set up Python virtual environment for code generation
-    if(CODEGEN_VENV_DIR)
-        # User-provided venv - skip automatic setup
-        set(VENV_DIR "${CODEGEN_VENV_DIR}")
-        message(STATUS "Using user-provided Python venv: ${VENV_DIR}")
-    else()
-        # Use default venv in build directory
-        set(VENV_DIR "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/codegen_venv")
-    endif()
-
-    # Determine the Python executable path in the venv
+# Determine which Python interpreter to use for code generation.
+if(CODEGEN_VENV_DIR)
     if(WIN32)
-        set(VENV_PYTHON "${VENV_DIR}/Scripts/python.exe")
-        set(VENV_PIP "${VENV_DIR}/Scripts/pip.exe")
+        set(CODEGEN_PYTHON "${CODEGEN_VENV_DIR}/Scripts/python.exe")
     else()
-        set(VENV_PYTHON "${VENV_DIR}/bin/python")
-        set(VENV_PIP "${VENV_DIR}/bin/pip")
+        set(CODEGEN_PYTHON "${CODEGEN_VENV_DIR}/bin/python")
     endif()
-
-    # Only auto-setup venv if not user-provided
-    if(NOT CODEGEN_VENV_DIR)
-        # Check if venv needs to be created or updated
-        set(VENV_NEEDS_UPDATE FALSE)
-        if(NOT EXISTS "${VENV_PYTHON}")
-            set(VENV_NEEDS_UPDATE TRUE)
-            message(
-                STATUS
-                "Creating Python virtual environment for code generation..."
-            )
-        elseif(
-            "${REQUIREMENTS_FILE}"
-                IS_NEWER_THAN
-                "${VENV_DIR}/.requirements_installed"
-        )
-            set(VENV_NEEDS_UPDATE TRUE)
-            message(
-                STATUS
-                "Updating Python virtual environment (requirements changed)..."
-            )
-        endif()
-
-        # Create/update virtual environment if needed
-        if(VENV_NEEDS_UPDATE)
-            message(
-                STATUS
-                "Setting up Python virtual environment at ${VENV_DIR}"
-            )
-            execute_process(
-                COMMAND ${Python3_EXECUTABLE} -m venv "${VENV_DIR}"
-                RESULT_VARIABLE VENV_RESULT
-                ERROR_VARIABLE VENV_ERROR
-            )
-            if(NOT VENV_RESULT EQUAL 0)
-                message(
-                    FATAL_ERROR
-                    "Failed to create virtual environment: ${VENV_ERROR}"
-                )
-            endif()
-
-            # Check pip index URL configuration
-            execute_process(
-                COMMAND ${VENV_PIP} config get global.index-url
-                OUTPUT_VARIABLE PIP_INDEX_URL
-                OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE
-                ERROR_QUIET
-            )
-
-            # Default PyPI URL
-            set(DEFAULT_PIP_INDEX "https://pypi.org/simple")
-
-            # Show warning if using non-default index
-            if(PIP_INDEX_URL AND NOT PIP_INDEX_URL STREQUAL "")
-                if(NOT PIP_INDEX_URL STREQUAL DEFAULT_PIP_INDEX)
-                    message(
-                        WARNING
-                        "Private pip index URL detected: ${PIP_INDEX_URL}\n"
-                        "You may need to connect to VPN to access this URL."
-                    )
-                endif()
-            endif()
-
-            message(STATUS "Installing Python dependencies...")
-            execute_process(
-                COMMAND ${VENV_PIP} install --upgrade pip
-                RESULT_VARIABLE PIP_UPGRADE_RESULT
-                OUTPUT_QUIET
-                ERROR_VARIABLE PIP_UPGRADE_ERROR
-            )
-            if(NOT PIP_UPGRADE_RESULT EQUAL 0)
-                message(WARNING "Failed to upgrade pip: ${PIP_UPGRADE_ERROR}")
-            endif()
-
-            execute_process(
-                COMMAND ${VENV_PIP} install -r "${REQUIREMENTS_FILE}"
-                RESULT_VARIABLE PIP_INSTALL_RESULT
-                ERROR_VARIABLE PIP_INSTALL_ERROR
-            )
-            if(NOT PIP_INSTALL_RESULT EQUAL 0)
-                message(
-                    FATAL_ERROR
-                    "Failed to install Python dependencies: ${PIP_INSTALL_ERROR}"
-                )
-            endif()
-
-            # Mark requirements as installed
-            file(TOUCH "${VENV_DIR}/.requirements_installed")
-            message(STATUS "Python virtual environment ready")
-        endif()
-    endif()
-
-    # At configure time - get list of output files for transactions
-    execute_process(
-        COMMAND
-            ${VENV_PYTHON} "${GENERATE_TX_SCRIPT}" "${TRANSACTIONS_MACRO}"
-            --header-dir "${AUTOGEN_HEADER_DIR}/transactions" --test-dir
-            "${AUTOGEN_TEST_DIR}/transactions" --list-outputs
-        OUTPUT_VARIABLE TX_OUTPUT_FILES
-        OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE
-        RESULT_VARIABLE TX_LIST_RESULT
-        ERROR_VARIABLE TX_LIST_ERROR
+else()
+    set(CODEGEN_PYTHON "${Python3_EXECUTABLE}")
+    message(
+        WARNING
+        "CODEGEN_VENV_DIR is not set. Dependencies will be installed globally.\n"
+        "If this is not intended, reconfigure with:\n"
+        "  cmake . -UCODEGEN_VENV_DIR"
     )
-    if(NOT TX_LIST_RESULT EQUAL 0)
-        message(
-            FATAL_ERROR
-            "Failed to list transaction output files:\n${TX_LIST_ERROR}"
-        )
-    endif()
-    # Convert newline-separated list to CMake list
-    string(REPLACE "\\" "/" TX_OUTPUT_FILES "${TX_OUTPUT_FILES}")
-    string(REPLACE "\n" ";" TX_OUTPUT_FILES "${TX_OUTPUT_FILES}")
+endif()
 
-    # At configure time - get list of output files for ledger entries
-    execute_process(
-        COMMAND
-            ${VENV_PYTHON} "${GENERATE_LEDGER_SCRIPT}" "${LEDGER_ENTRIES_MACRO}"
-            --header-dir "${AUTOGEN_HEADER_DIR}/ledger_entries" --test-dir
-            "${AUTOGEN_TEST_DIR}/ledger_entries" --list-outputs
-        OUTPUT_VARIABLE LEDGER_OUTPUT_FILES
-        OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE
-        RESULT_VARIABLE LEDGER_LIST_RESULT
-        ERROR_VARIABLE LEDGER_LIST_ERROR
-    )
-    if(NOT LEDGER_LIST_RESULT EQUAL 0)
-        message(
-            FATAL_ERROR
-            "Failed to list ledger entry output files:\n${LEDGER_LIST_ERROR}"
-        )
-    endif()
-    # Convert newline-separated list to CMake list
-    string(REPLACE "\\" "/" LEDGER_OUTPUT_FILES "${LEDGER_OUTPUT_FILES}")
-    string(REPLACE "\n" ";" LEDGER_OUTPUT_FILES "${LEDGER_OUTPUT_FILES}")
-
-    # Custom command to generate transaction classes at build time
-    add_custom_command(
-        OUTPUT ${TX_OUTPUT_FILES}
-        COMMAND
-            ${VENV_PYTHON} "${GENERATE_TX_SCRIPT}" "${TRANSACTIONS_MACRO}"
-            --header-dir "${AUTOGEN_HEADER_DIR}/transactions" --test-dir
-            "${AUTOGEN_TEST_DIR}/transactions" --sfields-macro
-            "${SFIELDS_MACRO}"
-        WORKING_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}"
-        DEPENDS
-            "${TRANSACTIONS_MACRO}"
-            "${SFIELDS_MACRO}"
-            "${GENERATE_TX_SCRIPT}"
-            "${MACRO_PARSER_COMMON}"
-            "${TX_TEMPLATE}"
-            "${TX_TEST_TEMPLATE}"
-            "${REQUIREMENTS_FILE}"
-        COMMENT "Generating transaction classes from transactions.macro..."
-        VERBATIM
-    )
-
-    # Custom command to generate ledger entry classes at build time
-    add_custom_command(
-        OUTPUT ${LEDGER_OUTPUT_FILES}
-        COMMAND
-            ${VENV_PYTHON} "${GENERATE_LEDGER_SCRIPT}" "${LEDGER_ENTRIES_MACRO}"
-            --header-dir "${AUTOGEN_HEADER_DIR}/ledger_entries" --test-dir
-            "${AUTOGEN_TEST_DIR}/ledger_entries" --sfields-macro
-            "${SFIELDS_MACRO}"
-        WORKING_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}"
-        DEPENDS
-            "${LEDGER_ENTRIES_MACRO}"
-            "${SFIELDS_MACRO}"
-            "${GENERATE_LEDGER_SCRIPT}"
-            "${MACRO_PARSER_COMMON}"
-            "${LEDGER_TEMPLATE}"
-            "${LEDGER_TEST_TEMPLATE}"
-            "${REQUIREMENTS_FILE}"
-        COMMENT "Generating ledger entry classes from ledger_entries.macro..."
-        VERBATIM
-    )
-
-    # Create a custom target that depends on all generated files
+# Custom target to create a venv and install Python dependencies.
+# Run manually with: cmake --build . --target setup_code_gen
+if(CODEGEN_VENV_DIR)
     add_custom_target(
-        protocol_autogen_generate
-        DEPENDS ${TX_OUTPUT_FILES} ${LEDGER_OUTPUT_FILES}
-        COMMENT "Protocol autogen code generation"
+        setup_code_gen
+        COMMAND ${Python3_EXECUTABLE} -m venv "${CODEGEN_VENV_DIR}"
+        COMMAND ${CODEGEN_PYTHON} -m pip install -r "${REQUIREMENTS_FILE}"
+        WORKING_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}"
+        COMMENT "Creating venv and installing code generation dependencies..."
     )
+else()
+    add_custom_target(
+        setup_code_gen
+        COMMAND ${Python3_EXECUTABLE} -m pip install -r "${REQUIREMENTS_FILE}"
+        WORKING_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}"
+        COMMENT "Installing code generation dependencies..."
+    )
+endif()
 
-    # Extract test files from output lists (files ending in Tests.cpp)
-    set(PROTOCOL_AUTOGEN_TEST_SOURCES "")
-    foreach(FILE ${TX_OUTPUT_FILES} ${LEDGER_OUTPUT_FILES})
-        if(FILE MATCHES "Tests\\.cpp$")
-            list(APPEND PROTOCOL_AUTOGEN_TEST_SOURCES "${FILE}")
-        endif()
-    endforeach()
-    # Export test sources to parent scope for use in test CMakeLists.txt
-    set(PROTOCOL_AUTOGEN_TEST_SOURCES
-        "${PROTOCOL_AUTOGEN_TEST_SOURCES}"
-        CACHE INTERNAL
-        "Generated protocol_autogen test sources"
-    )
-
-    # Register dependencies so CMake reconfigures when macro files change
-    # (to update the list of output files)
-    set_property(
-        DIRECTORY
-        APPEND
-        PROPERTY
-            CMAKE_CONFIGURE_DEPENDS
-                "${TRANSACTIONS_MACRO}"
-                "${LEDGER_ENTRIES_MACRO}"
-    )
-endfunction()
+# Custom target for code generation, excluded from ALL.
+# Run manually with: cmake --build . --target code_gen
+add_custom_target(
+    code_gen
+    COMMAND
+        ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -DCODEGEN_PYTHON=${CODEGEN_PYTHON}
+        -DGENERATE_TX_SCRIPT=${GENERATE_TX_SCRIPT}
+        -DGENERATE_LEDGER_SCRIPT=${GENERATE_LEDGER_SCRIPT}
+        -DTRANSACTIONS_MACRO=${TRANSACTIONS_MACRO}
+        -DLEDGER_ENTRIES_MACRO=${LEDGER_ENTRIES_MACRO}
+        -DSFIELDS_MACRO=${SFIELDS_MACRO}
+        -DAUTOGEN_HEADER_DIR=${AUTOGEN_HEADER_DIR}
+        -DAUTOGEN_TEST_DIR=${AUTOGEN_TEST_DIR} -P
+        "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/cmake/XrplProtocolAutogenRun.cmake"
+    WORKING_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}"
+    COMMENT "Running protocol code generation..."
+    SOURCES ${ALL_INPUT_FILES}
+)

cmake/XrplProtocolAutogenRun.cmake

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#[===================================================================[
+   Protocol Autogen - Run script invoked by the 'code_gen' target
+#]===================================================================]
+
+# Generate transaction classes.
+execute_process(
+    COMMAND
+        ${CODEGEN_PYTHON} "${GENERATE_TX_SCRIPT}" "${TRANSACTIONS_MACRO}"
+        --header-dir "${AUTOGEN_HEADER_DIR}/transactions" --test-dir
+        "${AUTOGEN_TEST_DIR}/transactions" --sfields-macro "${SFIELDS_MACRO}"
+    RESULT_VARIABLE TX_RESULT
+    OUTPUT_VARIABLE TX_OUTPUT
+    ERROR_VARIABLE TX_ERROR
+)
+if(NOT TX_RESULT EQUAL 0)
+    message(
+        FATAL_ERROR
+        "Transaction code generation failed:\n${TX_OUTPUT}\n${TX_ERROR}\n${TX_RESULT}"
+    )
+endif()
+
+# Generate ledger entry classes.
+execute_process(
+    COMMAND
+        ${CODEGEN_PYTHON} "${GENERATE_LEDGER_SCRIPT}" "${LEDGER_ENTRIES_MACRO}"
+        --header-dir "${AUTOGEN_HEADER_DIR}/ledger_entries" --test-dir
+        "${AUTOGEN_TEST_DIR}/ledger_entries" --sfields-macro "${SFIELDS_MACRO}"
+    RESULT_VARIABLE LEDGER_RESULT
+    OUTPUT_VARIABLE LEDGER_OUTPUT
+    ERROR_VARIABLE LEDGER_ERROR
+)
+if(NOT LEDGER_RESULT EQUAL 0)
+    message(
+        FATAL_ERROR
+        "Ledger entry code generation failed:\n${LEDGER_OUTPUT}\n${LEDGER_ERROR}\n${TX_RESULT}"
+    )
+endif()
+
+message(STATUS "Protocol autogen: code generation complete")

cmake/XrplSanitizers.cmake

@@ -1,138 +1,33 @@
 #[===================================================================[
-   Configure sanitizers based on environment variables.
+   Apply sanitizer flags built by the Conan profile.
 
-   This module reads the following environment variables:
-   - SANITIZERS: The sanitizers to enable. Possible values:
-     - "address"
-     - "address,undefinedbehavior"
-     - "thread"
-     - "thread,undefinedbehavior"
-     - "undefinedbehavior"
+   Parsing, validation, and flag construction are performed in conan/profiles/sanitizers.
+   This module reads the following CMake variables injected by the Conan toolchain via extra_variables:
 
-   The compiler type and platform are detected in CompilationEnv.cmake.
-   The sanitizer compile options are applied to the 'common' interface library
-   which is linked to all targets in the project.
+   - SANITIZERS:                The active sanitizers (e.g. "address,undefinedbehavior").
+   - SANITIZERS_COMPILER_FLAGS: Space-separated compiler flags.
+   - SANITIZERS_LINKER_FLAGS:   Space-separated linker flags.
 
-   Internal flag variables set by this module:
-
-   - SANITIZER_TYPES: List of sanitizer types to enable (e.g., "address",
-     "thread", "undefined"). And two more flags for undefined behavior sanitizer (e.g., "float-divide-by-zero", "unsigned-integer-overflow").
-     This list is joined with commas and passed to -fsanitize=<list>.
-
-   - SANITIZERS_COMPILE_FLAGS: Compiler flags for sanitizer instrumentation.
-     Includes:
-     * -fno-omit-frame-pointer: Preserves frame pointers for stack traces
-     * -O1: Minimum optimization for reasonable performance
-     * -fsanitize=<types>: Enables sanitizer instrumentation
-     * -fsanitize-ignorelist=<path>: (Clang only) Compile-time ignorelist
-     * -mcmodel=large/medium: (GCC only) Code model for large binaries
-     * -Wno-stringop-overflow: (GCC only) Suppresses false positive warnings
-     * -Wno-tsan: (For GCC TSAN combination only) Suppresses atomic_thread_fence warnings
-
-   - SANITIZERS_LINK_FLAGS: Linker flags for sanitizer runtime libraries.
-     Includes:
-     * -fsanitize=<types>: Links sanitizer runtime libraries
-     * -mcmodel=large/medium: (GCC only) Matches compile-time code model
-
-   - SANITIZERS_RELOCATION_FLAGS: (GCC only) Code model flags for linking.
-     Used to handle large instrumented binaries on x86_64:
-     * -mcmodel=large: For AddressSanitizer (prevents relocation errors)
-     * -mcmodel=medium: For ThreadSanitizer (large model is incompatible)
+   The flags are applied to the 'common' interface library which is linked to all targets in the project.
 #]===================================================================]
 
+include_guard(GLOBAL)
 include(CompilationEnv)
 
-# Read environment variable
-set(SANITIZERS "")
-if(DEFINED ENV{SANITIZERS})
-    set(SANITIZERS "$ENV{SANITIZERS}")
-endif()
-
-# Set SANITIZERS_ENABLED flag for use in other modules
-if(SANITIZERS MATCHES "address|thread|undefinedbehavior")
-    set(SANITIZERS_ENABLED TRUE)
-else()
+if(NOT DEFINED SANITIZERS)
     set(SANITIZERS_ENABLED FALSE)
     return()
 endif()
+set(SANITIZERS_ENABLED TRUE)
 
-# Sanitizers are not supported on Windows/MSVC
-if(is_msvc)
-    message(
-        FATAL_ERROR
-        "Sanitizers are not supported on Windows/MSVC. "
-        "Please unset the SANITIZERS environment variable."
-    )
-endif()
+message(STATUS "=== Configuring Sanitizers ===")
+message(STATUS "  SANITIZERS: ${SANITIZERS}")
+message(STATUS "  Compile flags: ${SANITIZERS_COMPILER_FLAGS}")
+message(STATUS "  Link flags: ${SANITIZERS_LINKER_FLAGS}")
 
-message(STATUS "Configuring sanitizers: ${SANITIZERS}")
-
-# Parse SANITIZERS value to determine which sanitizers to enable
-set(enable_asan FALSE)
-set(enable_tsan FALSE)
-set(enable_ubsan FALSE)
-
-# Normalize SANITIZERS into a list
-set(san_list "${SANITIZERS}")
-string(REPLACE "," ";" san_list "${san_list}")
-separate_arguments(san_list)
-
-foreach(san IN LISTS san_list)
-    if(san STREQUAL "address")
-        set(enable_asan TRUE)
-    elseif(san STREQUAL "thread")
-        set(enable_tsan TRUE)
-    elseif(san STREQUAL "undefinedbehavior")
-        set(enable_ubsan TRUE)
-    else()
-        message(
-            FATAL_ERROR
-            "Unsupported sanitizer type: ${san}"
-            "Supported: address, thread, undefinedbehavior and their combinations."
-        )
-    endif()
-endforeach()
-
-# Validate sanitizer compatibility
-if(enable_asan AND enable_tsan)
-    message(
-        FATAL_ERROR
-        "AddressSanitizer and ThreadSanitizer are incompatible and cannot be enabled simultaneously. "
-        "Use 'address' or 'thread', optionally with 'undefinedbehavior'."
-    )
-endif()
-
-# Frame pointer is required for meaningful stack traces. Sanitizers recommend minimum of -O1 for reasonable performance
-set(SANITIZERS_COMPILE_FLAGS "-fno-omit-frame-pointer" "-O1")
-
-# Build the sanitizer flags list
-set(SANITIZER_TYPES)
-
-if(enable_asan)
-    list(APPEND SANITIZER_TYPES "address")
-elseif(enable_tsan)
-    list(APPEND SANITIZER_TYPES "thread")
-endif()
-
-if(enable_ubsan)
-    # UB sanitizer flags
-    list(APPEND SANITIZER_TYPES "undefined" "float-divide-by-zero")
-    if(is_clang)
-        # Clang supports additional UB checks. More info here
-        # https://clang.llvm.org/docs/UndefinedBehaviorSanitizer.html
-        list(APPEND SANITIZER_TYPES "unsigned-integer-overflow")
-    endif()
-endif()
-
-# Configure code model for GCC on amd64 Use large code model for ASAN to avoid relocation errors Use medium code model
-# for TSAN (large is not compatible with TSAN)
-set(SANITIZERS_RELOCATION_FLAGS)
-
-# Compiler-specific configuration
+# GCC with sanitizers is incompatible with mold, gold, and lld linkers.
+# Namely, the instrumented binary exceeds size limits imposed by these linkers.
 if(is_gcc)
-    # Disable mold, gold and lld linkers for GCC with sanitizers Use default linker (bfd/ld) which is more lenient with
-    # mixed code models This is needed since the size of instrumented binary exceeds the limits set by mold, lld and
-    # gold linkers
     set(use_mold OFF CACHE BOOL "Use mold linker" FORCE)
     set(use_gold OFF CACHE BOOL "Use gold linker" FORCE)
     set(use_lld OFF CACHE BOOL "Use lld linker" FORCE)
@@ -140,80 +35,62 @@ if(is_gcc)
         STATUS
         "  Disabled mold, gold, and lld linkers for GCC with sanitizers"
     )
-
-    # Suppress false positive warnings in GCC with stringop-overflow
-    list(APPEND SANITIZERS_COMPILE_FLAGS "-Wno-stringop-overflow")
-
-    if(is_amd64 AND enable_asan)
-        message(STATUS "  Using large code model (-mcmodel=large)")
-        list(APPEND SANITIZERS_COMPILE_FLAGS "-mcmodel=large")
-        list(APPEND SANITIZERS_RELOCATION_FLAGS "-mcmodel=large")
-    elseif(enable_tsan)
-        # GCC doesn't support atomic_thread_fence with tsan. Suppress warnings.
-        list(APPEND SANITIZERS_COMPILE_FLAGS "-Wno-tsan")
-        message(STATUS "  Using medium code model (-mcmodel=medium)")
-        list(APPEND SANITIZERS_COMPILE_FLAGS "-mcmodel=medium")
-        list(APPEND SANITIZERS_RELOCATION_FLAGS "-mcmodel=medium")
-    endif()
-
-    # Join sanitizer flags with commas for -fsanitize option
-    list(JOIN SANITIZER_TYPES "," SANITIZER_TYPES_STR)
-
-    # Add sanitizer to compile and link flags
-    list(APPEND SANITIZERS_COMPILE_FLAGS "-fsanitize=${SANITIZER_TYPES_STR}")
-    set(SANITIZERS_LINK_FLAGS
-        "${SANITIZERS_RELOCATION_FLAGS}"
-        "-fsanitize=${SANITIZER_TYPES_STR}"
-    )
-elseif(is_clang)
-    # Add ignorelist for Clang (GCC doesn't support this) Use CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR to get the path to the ignorelist
-    set(IGNORELIST_PATH
-        "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/sanitizers/suppressions/sanitizer-ignorelist.txt"
-    )
-    if(NOT EXISTS "${IGNORELIST_PATH}")
-        message(
-            FATAL_ERROR
-            "Sanitizer ignorelist not found: ${IGNORELIST_PATH}"
-        )
-    endif()
-
-    list(
-        APPEND SANITIZERS_COMPILE_FLAGS
-        "-fsanitize-ignorelist=${IGNORELIST_PATH}"
-    )
-    message(STATUS "  Using sanitizer ignorelist: ${IGNORELIST_PATH}")
-
-    # Join sanitizer flags with commas for -fsanitize option
-    list(JOIN SANITIZER_TYPES "," SANITIZER_TYPES_STR)
-
-    # Add sanitizer to compile and link flags
-    list(APPEND SANITIZERS_COMPILE_FLAGS "-fsanitize=${SANITIZER_TYPES_STR}")
-    set(SANITIZERS_LINK_FLAGS "-fsanitize=${SANITIZER_TYPES_STR}")
 endif()
 
-message(STATUS "  Compile flags: ${SANITIZERS_COMPILE_FLAGS}")
-message(STATUS "  Link flags: ${SANITIZERS_LINK_FLAGS}")
+# Flags arrive as space-separated strings; split into CMake lists before use
+separate_arguments(
+    sanitizers_compiler_flags
+    UNIX_COMMAND
+    "${SANITIZERS_COMPILER_FLAGS}"
+)
+separate_arguments(
+    sanitizers_linker_flags
+    UNIX_COMMAND
+    "${SANITIZERS_LINKER_FLAGS}"
+)
 
-# Apply the sanitizer flags to the 'common' interface library This is the same library used by XrplCompiler.cmake
 target_compile_options(
     common
     INTERFACE
-        $<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>:${SANITIZERS_COMPILE_FLAGS}>
-        $<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:C>:${SANITIZERS_COMPILE_FLAGS}>
+        $<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>:${sanitizers_compiler_flags}>
+        $<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:C>:${sanitizers_compiler_flags}>
 )
+target_link_options(common INTERFACE ${sanitizers_linker_flags})
 
-# Apply linker flags
-target_link_options(common INTERFACE ${SANITIZERS_LINK_FLAGS})
+# This module appends -fsanitize-ignorelist=<path> for Clang builds.
+# The ignorelist path contains CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR, so it must be set here, rather than in the Conan profile.
+# GCC does not support -fsanitize-ignorelist.
+if(is_clang)
+    set(ignorelist_path
+        "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/sanitizers/suppressions/sanitizer-ignorelist.txt"
+    )
+    if(NOT EXISTS "${ignorelist_path}")
+        message(
+            FATAL_ERROR
+            "Sanitizer ignorelist not found: ${ignorelist_path}"
+        )
+    endif()
+    target_compile_options(
+        common
+        INTERFACE
+            $<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>:-fsanitize-ignorelist=${ignorelist_path}>
+            $<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:C>:-fsanitize-ignorelist=${ignorelist_path}>
+    )
+    message(STATUS "  Ignorelist: ${ignorelist_path}")
+endif()
 
 # Define SANITIZERS macro for BuildInfo.cpp
 set(sanitizers_list)
-if(enable_asan)
+if(SANITIZERS MATCHES "address")
+    set(enable_asan ON)
     list(APPEND sanitizers_list "ASAN")
 endif()
-if(enable_tsan)
+if(SANITIZERS MATCHES "thread")
+    set(enable_tsan ON)
     list(APPEND sanitizers_list "TSAN")
 endif()
-if(enable_ubsan)
+if(SANITIZERS MATCHES "undefinedbehavior")
+    set(enable_ubsan ON)
     list(APPEND sanitizers_list "UBSAN")
 endif()
 

cmake/scripts/codegen/generate_ledger_classes.py

@@ -138,28 +138,12 @@ def main():
         "--sfields-macro",
         help="Path to sfields.macro (default: auto-detect from macro_path)",
     )
-    parser.add_argument(
-        "--list-outputs",
-        action="store_true",
-        help="List output files without generating (one per line)",
-    )
-
+    parser.add_argument("--venv-dir", help=argparse.SUPPRESS)
     args = parser.parse_args()
 
     # Parse the macro file to get ledger entry names
     entries = parse_macro_file(args.macro_path)
 
-    # If --list-outputs, just print the output file paths and exit
-    if args.list_outputs:
-        header_dir = Path(args.header_dir)
-        for entry in entries:
-            print(header_dir / f"{entry['name']}.h")
-        if args.test_dir:
-            test_dir = Path(args.test_dir)
-            for entry in entries:
-                print(test_dir / f"{entry['name']}Tests.cpp")
-        return
-
     # Auto-detect sfields.macro path if not provided
     if args.sfields_macro:
         sfields_path = Path(args.sfields_macro)

cmake/scripts/codegen/generate_tx_classes.py

@@ -147,28 +147,12 @@ def main():
         "--sfields-macro",
         help="Path to sfields.macro (default: auto-detect from macro_path)",
     )
-    parser.add_argument(
-        "--list-outputs",
-        action="store_true",
-        help="List output files without generating (one per line)",
-    )
-
+    parser.add_argument("--venv-dir", help=argparse.SUPPRESS)
     args = parser.parse_args()
 
     # Parse the macro file to get transaction names
     transactions = parse_macro_file(args.macro_path)
 
-    # If --list-outputs, just print the output file paths and exit
-    if args.list_outputs:
-        header_dir = Path(args.header_dir)
-        for tx in transactions:
-            print(header_dir / f"{tx['name']}.h")
-        if args.test_dir:
-            test_dir = Path(args.test_dir)
-            for tx in transactions:
-                print(test_dir / f"{tx['name']}Tests.cpp")
-        return
-
     # Auto-detect sfields.macro path if not provided
     if args.sfields_macro:
         sfields_path = Path(args.sfields_macro)

cmake/scripts/codegen/macro_parser_common.py

@@ -152,10 +152,10 @@ def parse_sfields_macro(sfields_path):
 
 def create_field_list_parser():
     """Create a pyparsing parser for field lists like '({...})'."""
-    # A field identifier (e.g., sfDestination, soeREQUIRED, soeMPTSupported)
+    # A field identifier (e.g., sfDestination, SoeRequired, SoeMptSupported)
     field_identifier = pp.Word(pp.alphas + "_", pp.alphanums + "_")
 
-    # A single field definition: {sfName, soeREQUIRED, ...}
+    # A single field definition: {sfName, SoeRequired, ...}
     # Allow optional trailing comma inside the braces
     field_def = (
         pp.Suppress("{")
@@ -185,8 +185,8 @@ def parse_field_list(fields_str):
 
     Args:
         fields_str: A string like '({
-            {sfDestination, soeREQUIRED},
-            {sfAmount, soeREQUIRED, soeMPTSupported}
+            {sfDestination, SoeRequired},
+            {sfAmount, SoeRequired, SoeMptSupported}
         })'
 
     Returns:
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ def parse_field_list(fields_str):
             field_name = field_parts[0]
             requirement = field_parts[1]
             flags = list(field_parts[2:]) if len(field_parts) > 2 else []
-            supports_mpt = "soeMPTSupported" in flags
+            supports_mpt = "SoeMptSupported" in flags
 
             fields.append(
                 {

cmake/scripts/codegen/requirements.in

@@ -10,4 +10,4 @@ pcpp>=1.30
 pyparsing>=3.0.0
 
 # Template engine - used to generate C++ code from templates
-Mako>=1.2.0
+Mako>=1.2.2

cmake/scripts/codegen/requirements.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+# This file was autogenerated by uv via the following command:
+#    uv pip compile requirements.in --generate-hashes --output-file requirements.txt
+mako==1.3.12 \
+    --hash=sha256:8f61569480282dbf557145ce441e4ba888be453c30989f879f0d652e39f53ea9 \
+    --hash=sha256:9f778e93289bd410bb35daadeb4fc66d95a746f0b75777b942088b7fd7af550a
+    # via -r requirements.in
+markupsafe==3.0.3 \
+    --hash=sha256:0303439a41979d9e74d18ff5e2dd8c43ed6c6001fd40e5bf2e43f7bd9bbc523f \
+    --hash=sha256:068f375c472b3e7acbe2d5318dea141359e6900156b5b2ba06a30b169086b91a \
+    --hash=sha256:0bf2a864d67e76e5c9a34dc26ec616a66b9888e25e7b9460e1c76d3293bd9dbf \
+    --hash=sha256:0db14f5dafddbb6d9208827849fad01f1a2609380add406671a26386cdf15a19 \
+    --hash=sha256:0eb9ff8191e8498cca014656ae6b8d61f39da5f95b488805da4bb029cccbfbaf \
+    --hash=sha256:0f4b68347f8c5eab4a13419215bdfd7f8c9b19f2b25520968adfad23eb0ce60c \
+    --hash=sha256:1085e7fbddd3be5f89cc898938f42c0b3c711fdcb37d75221de2666af647c175 \
+    --hash=sha256:116bb52f642a37c115f517494ea5feb03889e04df47eeff5b130b1808ce7c219 \
+    --hash=sha256:12c63dfb4a98206f045aa9563db46507995f7ef6d83b2f68eda65c307c6829eb \
+    --hash=sha256:133a43e73a802c5562be9bbcd03d090aa5a1fe899db609c29e8c8d815c5f6de6 \
+    --hash=sha256:1353ef0c1b138e1907ae78e2f6c63ff67501122006b0f9abad68fda5f4ffc6ab \
+    --hash=sha256:15d939a21d546304880945ca1ecb8a039db6b4dc49b2c5a400387cdae6a62e26 \
+    --hash=sha256:177b5253b2834fe3678cb4a5f0059808258584c559193998be2601324fdeafb1 \
+    --hash=sha256:1872df69a4de6aead3491198eaf13810b565bdbeec3ae2dc8780f14458ec73ce \
+    --hash=sha256:1b4b79e8ebf6b55351f0d91fe80f893b4743f104bff22e90697db1590e47a218 \
+    --hash=sha256:1b52b4fb9df4eb9ae465f8d0c228a00624de2334f216f178a995ccdcf82c4634 \
+    --hash=sha256:1ba88449deb3de88bd40044603fafffb7bc2b055d626a330323a9ed736661695 \
+    --hash=sha256:1cc7ea17a6824959616c525620e387f6dd30fec8cb44f649e31712db02123dad \
+    --hash=sha256:218551f6df4868a8d527e3062d0fb968682fe92054e89978594c28e642c43a73 \
+    --hash=sha256:26a5784ded40c9e318cfc2bdb30fe164bdb8665ded9cd64d500a34fb42067b1c \
+    --hash=sha256:2713baf880df847f2bece4230d4d094280f4e67b1e813eec43b4c0e144a34ffe \
+    --hash=sha256:2a15a08b17dd94c53a1da0438822d70ebcd13f8c3a95abe3a9ef9f11a94830aa \
+    --hash=sha256:2f981d352f04553a7171b8e44369f2af4055f888dfb147d55e42d29e29e74559 \
+    --hash=sha256:32001d6a8fc98c8cb5c947787c5d08b0a50663d139f1305bac5885d98d9b40fa \
+    --hash=sha256:3524b778fe5cfb3452a09d31e7b5adefeea8c5be1d43c4f810ba09f2ceb29d37 \
+    --hash=sha256:3537e01efc9d4dccdf77221fb1cb3b8e1a38d5428920e0657ce299b20324d758 \
+    --hash=sha256:35add3b638a5d900e807944a078b51922212fb3dedb01633a8defc4b01a3c85f \
+    --hash=sha256:38664109c14ffc9e7437e86b4dceb442b0096dfe3541d7864d9cbe1da4cf36c8 \
+    --hash=sha256:3a7e8ae81ae39e62a41ec302f972ba6ae23a5c5396c8e60113e9066ef893da0d \
+    --hash=sha256:3b562dd9e9ea93f13d53989d23a7e775fdfd1066c33494ff43f5418bc8c58a5c \
+    --hash=sha256:457a69a9577064c05a97c41f4e65148652db078a3a509039e64d3467b9e7ef97 \
+    --hash=sha256:4bd4cd07944443f5a265608cc6aab442e4f74dff8088b0dfc8238647b8f6ae9a \
+    --hash=sha256:4e885a3d1efa2eadc93c894a21770e4bc67899e3543680313b09f139e149ab19 \
+    --hash=sha256:4faffd047e07c38848ce017e8725090413cd80cbc23d86e55c587bf979e579c9 \
+    --hash=sha256:509fa21c6deb7a7a273d629cf5ec029bc209d1a51178615ddf718f5918992ab9 \
+    --hash=sha256:5678211cb9333a6468fb8d8be0305520aa073f50d17f089b5b4b477ea6e67fdc \
+    --hash=sha256:591ae9f2a647529ca990bc681daebdd52c8791ff06c2bfa05b65163e28102ef2 \
+    --hash=sha256:5a7d5dc5140555cf21a6fefbdbf8723f06fcd2f63ef108f2854de715e4422cb4 \
+    --hash=sha256:69c0b73548bc525c8cb9a251cddf1931d1db4d2258e9599c28c07ef3580ef354 \
+    --hash=sha256:6b5420a1d9450023228968e7e6a9ce57f65d148ab56d2313fcd589eee96a7a50 \
+    --hash=sha256:722695808f4b6457b320fdc131280796bdceb04ab50fe1795cd540799ebe1698 \
+    --hash=sha256:729586769a26dbceff69f7a7dbbf59ab6572b99d94576a5592625d5b411576b9 \
+    --hash=sha256:77f0643abe7495da77fb436f50f8dab76dbc6e5fd25d39589a0f1fe6548bfa2b \
+    --hash=sha256:795e7751525cae078558e679d646ae45574b47ed6e7771863fcc079a6171a0fc \
+    --hash=sha256:7be7b61bb172e1ed687f1754f8e7484f1c8019780f6f6b0786e76bb01c2ae115 \
+    --hash=sha256:7c3fb7d25180895632e5d3148dbdc29ea38ccb7fd210aa27acbd1201a1902c6e \
+    --hash=sha256:7e68f88e5b8799aa49c85cd116c932a1ac15caaa3f5db09087854d218359e485 \
+    --hash=sha256:83891d0e9fb81a825d9a6d61e3f07550ca70a076484292a70fde82c4b807286f \
+    --hash=sha256:8485f406a96febb5140bfeca44a73e3ce5116b2501ac54fe953e488fb1d03b12 \
+    --hash=sha256:8709b08f4a89aa7586de0aadc8da56180242ee0ada3999749b183aa23df95025 \
+    --hash=sha256:8f71bc33915be5186016f675cd83a1e08523649b0e33efdb898db577ef5bb009 \
+    --hash=sha256:915c04ba3851909ce68ccc2b8e2cd691618c4dc4c4232fb7982bca3f41fd8c3d \
+    --hash=sha256:949b8d66bc381ee8b007cd945914c721d9aba8e27f71959d750a46f7c282b20b \
+    --hash=sha256:94c6f0bb423f739146aec64595853541634bde58b2135f27f61c1ffd1cd4d16a \
+    --hash=sha256:9a1abfdc021a164803f4d485104931fb8f8c1efd55bc6b748d2f5774e78b62c5 \
+    --hash=sha256:9b79b7a16f7fedff2495d684f2b59b0457c3b493778c9eed31111be64d58279f \
+    --hash=sha256:a320721ab5a1aba0a233739394eb907f8c8da5c98c9181d1161e77a0c8e36f2d \
+    --hash=sha256:a4afe79fb3de0b7097d81da19090f4df4f8d3a2b3adaa8764138aac2e44f3af1 \
+    --hash=sha256:ad2cf8aa28b8c020ab2fc8287b0f823d0a7d8630784c31e9ee5edea20f406287 \
+    --hash=sha256:b8512a91625c9b3da6f127803b166b629725e68af71f8184ae7e7d54686a56d6 \
+    --hash=sha256:bc51efed119bc9cfdf792cdeaa4d67e8f6fcccab66ed4bfdd6bde3e59bfcbb2f \
+    --hash=sha256:bdc919ead48f234740ad807933cdf545180bfbe9342c2bb451556db2ed958581 \
+    --hash=sha256:bdd37121970bfd8be76c5fb069c7751683bdf373db1ed6c010162b2a130248ed \
+    --hash=sha256:be8813b57049a7dc738189df53d69395eba14fb99345e0a5994914a3864c8a4b \
+    --hash=sha256:c0c0b3ade1c0b13b936d7970b1d37a57acde9199dc2aecc4c336773e1d86049c \
+    --hash=sha256:c47a551199eb8eb2121d4f0f15ae0f923d31350ab9280078d1e5f12b249e0026 \
+    --hash=sha256:c4ffb7ebf07cfe8931028e3e4c85f0357459a3f9f9490886198848f4fa002ec8 \
+    --hash=sha256:ccfcd093f13f0f0b7fdd0f198b90053bf7b2f02a3927a30e63f3ccc9df56b676 \
+    --hash=sha256:d2ee202e79d8ed691ceebae8e0486bd9a2cd4794cec4824e1c99b6f5009502f6 \
+    --hash=sha256:d53197da72cc091b024dd97249dfc7794d6a56530370992a5e1a08983ad9230e \
+    --hash=sha256:d6dd0be5b5b189d31db7cda48b91d7e0a9795f31430b7f271219ab30f1d3ac9d \
+    --hash=sha256:d88b440e37a16e651bda4c7c2b930eb586fd15ca7406cb39e211fcff3bf3017d \
+    --hash=sha256:de8a88e63464af587c950061a5e6a67d3632e36df62b986892331d4620a35c01 \
+    --hash=sha256:df2449253ef108a379b8b5d6b43f4b1a8e81a061d6537becd5582fba5f9196d7 \
+    --hash=sha256:e1c1493fb6e50ab01d20a22826e57520f1284df32f2d8601fdd90b6304601419 \
+    --hash=sha256:e1cf1972137e83c5d4c136c43ced9ac51d0e124706ee1c8aa8532c1287fa8795 \
+    --hash=sha256:e2103a929dfa2fcaf9bb4e7c091983a49c9ac3b19c9061b6d5427dd7d14d81a1 \
+    --hash=sha256:e56b7d45a839a697b5eb268c82a71bd8c7f6c94d6fd50c3d577fa39a9f1409f5 \
+    --hash=sha256:e8afc3f2ccfa24215f8cb28dcf43f0113ac3c37c2f0f0806d8c70e4228c5cf4d \
+    --hash=sha256:e8fc20152abba6b83724d7ff268c249fa196d8259ff481f3b1476383f8f24e42 \
+    --hash=sha256:eaa9599de571d72e2daf60164784109f19978b327a3910d3e9de8c97b5b70cfe \
+    --hash=sha256:ec15a59cf5af7be74194f7ab02d0f59a62bdcf1a537677ce67a2537c9b87fcda \
+    --hash=sha256:f190daf01f13c72eac4efd5c430a8de82489d9cff23c364c3ea822545032993e \
+    --hash=sha256:f34c41761022dd093b4b6896d4810782ffbabe30f2d443ff5f083e0cbbb8c737 \
+    --hash=sha256:f3e98bb3798ead92273dc0e5fd0f31ade220f59a266ffd8a4f6065e0a3ce0523 \
+    --hash=sha256:f42d0984e947b8adf7dd6dde396e720934d12c506ce84eea8476409563607591 \
+    --hash=sha256:f71a396b3bf33ecaa1626c255855702aca4d3d9fea5e051b41ac59a9c1c41edc \
+    --hash=sha256:f9e130248f4462aaa8e2552d547f36ddadbeaa573879158d721bbd33dfe4743a \
+    --hash=sha256:fed51ac40f757d41b7c48425901843666a6677e3e8eb0abcff09e4ba6e664f50
+    # via mako
+pcpp==1.30 \
+    --hash=sha256:05fe08292b6da57f385001c891a87f40d6aa7f46787b03e8ba326d20a3297c6e \
+    --hash=sha256:5af9fbce55f136d7931ae915fae03c34030a3b36c496e72d9636cedc8e2543a1
+    # via -r requirements.in
+pyparsing==3.3.2 \
+    --hash=sha256:850ba148bd908d7e2411587e247a1e4f0327839c40e2e5e6d05a007ecc69911d \
+    --hash=sha256:c777f4d763f140633dcb6d8a3eda953bf7a214dc4eff598413c070bcdc117cbc
+    # via -r requirements.in

cmake/scripts/codegen/templates/LedgerEntry.h.mako

@@ -52,13 +52,13 @@ public:
 % if field.get('mpt_support'):
      * MPT Support: ${field['mpt_support']}
 % endif
-% if field['requirement'] == 'soeREQUIRED':
+% if field['requirement'] == 'SoeRequired':
      * @return The field value.
 % else:
      * @return The field value, or std::nullopt if not present.
 % endif
      */
-% if field['requirement'] == 'soeREQUIRED':
+% if field['requirement'] == 'SoeRequired':
     [[nodiscard]]
     ${field['typeData']['return_type']}
     get${field['name'][2:]}() const
@@ -94,13 +94,13 @@ public:
      * MPT Support: ${field['mpt_support']}
 % endif
      * @note This is an untyped field (${field.get('cppType', 'unknown')}).
-% if field['requirement'] == 'soeREQUIRED':
+% if field['requirement'] == 'SoeRequired':
      * @return The field value.
 % else:
      * @return The field value, or std::nullopt if not present.
 % endif
      */
-% if field['requirement'] == 'soeREQUIRED':
+% if field['requirement'] == 'SoeRequired':
     [[nodiscard]]
     ${field['typeData']['return_type']}
     get${field['name'][2:]}() const
@@ -133,13 +133,13 @@ public:
 };
 
 <%
-    required_fields = [f for f in fields if f['requirement'] == 'soeREQUIRED']
+    required_fields = [f for f in fields if f['requirement'] == 'SoeRequired']
 %>\
 /**
  * @brief Builder for ${name} ledger entries.
  *
  * Provides a fluent interface for constructing ledger entries with method chaining.
- * Uses Json::Value internally for flexible ledger entry construction.
+ * Uses STObject internally for flexible ledger entry construction.
  * Inherits common field setters from LedgerEntryBuilderBase.
  */
 class ${name}Builder : public LedgerEntryBuilderBase<${name}Builder>

cmake/scripts/codegen/templates/LedgerEntryTests.cpp.mako

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Auto-generated unit tests for ledger entry ${name}
 <%
-    required_fields = [f for f in fields if f["requirement"] == "soeREQUIRED"]
-    optional_fields = [f for f in fields if f["requirement"] != "soeREQUIRED"]
+    required_fields = [f for f in fields if f["requirement"] == "SoeRequired"]
+    optional_fields = [f for f in fields if f["requirement"] != "SoeRequired"]
 
     def canonical_expr(field):
         return f"canonical_{field['stiSuffix']}()"

cmake/scripts/codegen/templates/Transaction.h.mako

@@ -54,13 +54,13 @@ public:
 % if field.get('supports_mpt'):
      * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
 % endif
-% if field['requirement'] == 'soeREQUIRED':
+% if field['requirement'] == 'SoeRequired':
      * @return The field value.
 % else:
      * @return The field value, or std::nullopt if not present.
 % endif
      */
-% if field['requirement'] == 'soeREQUIRED':
+% if field['requirement'] == 'SoeRequired':
     [[nodiscard]]
     ${field['typeData']['return_type']}
     get${field['name'][2:]}() const
@@ -97,13 +97,13 @@ public:
      * @note This field supports MPT (Multi-Purpose Token) amounts.
 % endif
      * @note This is an untyped field.
-% if field['requirement'] == 'soeREQUIRED':
+% if field['requirement'] == 'SoeRequired':
      * @return The field value.
 % else:
      * @return The field value, or std::nullopt if not present.
 % endif
      */
-% if field['requirement'] == 'soeREQUIRED':
+% if field['requirement'] == 'SoeRequired':
     [[nodiscard]]
     ${field['typeData']['return_type']}
     get${field['name'][2:]}() const
@@ -136,13 +136,13 @@ public:
 };
 
 <%
-    required_fields = [f for f in fields if f['requirement'] == 'soeREQUIRED']
+    required_fields = [f for f in fields if f['requirement'] == 'SoeRequired']
 %>\
 /**
  * @brief Builder for ${name} transactions.
  *
  * Provides a fluent interface for constructing transactions with method chaining.
- * Uses Json::Value internally for flexible transaction construction.
+ * Uses STObject internally for flexible transaction construction.
  * Inherits common field setters from TransactionBuilderBase.
  */
 class ${name}Builder : public TransactionBuilderBase<${name}Builder>

cmake/scripts/codegen/templates/TransactionTests.cpp.mako

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Auto-generated unit tests for transaction ${name}
 <%
-    required_fields = [f for f in fields if f["requirement"] == "soeREQUIRED"]
-    optional_fields = [f for f in fields if f["requirement"] != "soeREQUIRED"]
+    required_fields = [f for f in fields if f["requirement"] == "SoeRequired"]
+    optional_fields = [f for f in fields if f["requirement"] != "SoeRequired"]
 
     def canonical_expr(field):
         return f"canonical_{field['stiSuffix']}()"
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ TEST(Transactions${name}Tests, BuilderSettersRoundTrip)
 {
     // Generate a deterministic keypair for signing
     auto const [publicKey, secretKey] =
-        generateKeyPair(KeyType::secp256k1, generateSeed("test${name}"));
+        generateKeyPair(KeyType::Secp256k1, generateSeed("test${name}"));
 
     // Common transaction fields
     auto const accountValue = calcAccountID(publicKey);
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ TEST(Transactions${name}Tests, BuilderFromStTxRoundTrip)
 {
     // Generate a deterministic keypair for signing
     auto const [publicKey, secretKey] =
-        generateKeyPair(KeyType::secp256k1, generateSeed("test${name}FromTx"));
+        generateKeyPair(KeyType::Secp256k1, generateSeed("test${name}FromTx"));
 
     // Common transaction fields
     auto const accountValue = calcAccountID(publicKey);
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ TEST(Transactions${name}Tests, WrapperThrowsOnWrongTxType)
 {
     // Build a valid transaction of a different type
     auto const [pk, sk] =
-        generateKeyPair(KeyType::secp256k1, generateSeed("testWrongType"));
+        generateKeyPair(KeyType::Secp256k1, generateSeed("testWrongType"));
     auto const account = calcAccountID(pk);
 
 % if wrong_tx_include == "AccountSet":
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ TEST(Transactions${name}Tests, BuilderThrowsOnWrongTxType)
 {
     // Build a valid transaction of a different type
     auto const [pk, sk] =
-        generateKeyPair(KeyType::secp256k1, generateSeed("testWrongTypeBuilder"));
+        generateKeyPair(KeyType::Secp256k1, generateSeed("testWrongTypeBuilder"));
     auto const account = calcAccountID(pk);
 
 % if wrong_tx_include == "AccountSet":
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ TEST(Transactions${name}Tests, OptionalFieldsReturnNullopt)
 {
     // Generate a deterministic keypair for signing
     auto const [publicKey, secretKey] =
-        generateKeyPair(KeyType::secp256k1, generateSeed("test${name}Nullopt"));
+        generateKeyPair(KeyType::Secp256k1, generateSeed("test${name}Nullopt"));
 
     // Common transaction fields
     auto const accountValue = calcAccountID(publicKey);

conan.lock

@@ -1,38 +1,47 @@
 {
     "version": "0.5",
     "requires": [
-        "zlib/1.3.1#cac0f6daea041b0ccf42934163defb20%1774439233.809",
+        "zlib/1.3.2#1cb806da49011867778ffb6ac7190fcb%1778091116.056",
         "xxhash/0.8.3#681d36a0a6111fc56e5e45ea182c19cc%1765850149.987",
-        "sqlite3/3.51.0#66aa11eabd0e34954c5c1c061ad44abe%1763899256.358",
+        "sqlite3/3.53.0#324ada52333108388a9a6108bfa96734%1778091117.311",
         "soci/4.0.3#fe32b9ad5eb47e79ab9e45a68f363945%1774450067.231",
         "snappy/1.1.10#968fef506ff261592ec30c574d4a7809%1765850147.878",
         "secp256k1/0.7.1#481881709eb0bdd0185a12b912bbe8ad%1770910500.329",
         "rocksdb/10.5.1#4a197eca381a3e5ae8adf8cffa5aacd0%1765850186.86",
         "re2/20251105#8579cfd0bda4daf0683f9e3898f964b4%1774398111.888",
-        "protobuf/6.33.5#d96d52ba5baaaa532f47bda866ad87a5%1773224203.27",
-        "openssl/3.6.1#e6399de266349245a4542fc5f6c71552%1774458290.139",
-        "nudb/2.0.9#0432758a24204da08fee953ec9ea03cb%1769436073.32",
+        "protobuf/6.33.5#d96d52ba5baaaa532f47bda866ad87a5%1774467363.12",
+        "opentelemetry-cpp/1.26.0#9d81768342c78cb897345fd419b358d2%1776934712.672",
+        "openssl/3.6.2#4789bbf131b77d0515d15e094c8f697f%1778071755.506",
+        "nudb/2.0.9#11149c73f8f2baff9a0198fe25971fc7%1775040983.408",
+        "nlohmann_json/3.11.3#45828be26eb619a2e04ca517bb7b828d%1701220705.259",
         "lz4/1.10.0#59fc63cac7f10fbe8e05c7e62c2f3504%1765850143.914",
         "libiconv/1.17#1e65319e945f2d31941a9d28cc13c058%1765842973.492",
+        "libcurl/8.20.0#465ac276192c197ddc6a9f4494004278%1779353234.048",
         "libbacktrace/cci.20210118#a7691bfccd8caaf66309df196790a5a1%1765842973.03",
-        "libarchive/3.8.1#ffee18995c706e02bf96e7a2f7042e0d%1765850144.736",
-        "jemalloc/5.3.0#e951da9cf599e956cebc117880d2d9f8%1729241615.244",
+        "libarchive/3.8.7#c446109bd1f1d8ba7936c94189bc50e6%1778091117.848",
+        "jemalloc/5.3.1#1fc58d55316041f10fbc1e8a2eae632a%1776700028.228",
         "gtest/1.17.0#5224b3b3ff3b4ce1133cbdd27d53ee7d%1768312129.152",
-        "grpc/1.78.1#b1a9e74b145cc471bed4dc64dc6eb2c1%1772623605.068",
+        "grpc/1.78.1#b1a9e74b145cc471bed4dc64dc6eb2c1%1774467387.342",
         "ed25519/2015.03#ae761bdc52730a843f0809bdf6c1b1f6%1765850143.772",
         "date/3.0.4#862e11e80030356b53c2c38599ceb32b%1765850143.772",
         "c-ares/1.34.6#545240bb1c40e2cacd4362d6b8967650%1774439234.681",
         "bzip2/1.0.8#c470882369c2d95c5c77e970c0c7e321%1765850143.837",
-        "boost/1.90.0#d5e8defe7355494953be18524a7f135b%1769454080.269",
+        "boost/1.91.0#ea540ca2133d831b560036aa24dece3c%1778091165.282",
         "abseil/20250127.0#bb0baf1f362bc4a725a24eddd419b8f7%1774365460.196"
     ],
     "build_requires": [
-        "zlib/1.3.1#cac0f6daea041b0ccf42934163defb20%1774439233.809",
+        "zlib/1.3.2#1cb806da49011867778ffb6ac7190fcb%1778091116.056",
         "strawberryperl/5.32.1.1#8d114504d172cfea8ea1662d09b6333e%1774447376.964",
-        "protobuf/6.33.5#d96d52ba5baaaa532f47bda866ad87a5%1773224203.27",
+        "protobuf/6.33.5#d96d52ba5baaaa532f47bda866ad87a5%1774467363.12",
+        "pkgconf/2.5.1#93c2051284cba1279494a43a4fcfeae2%1757684701.089",
+        "opentelemetry-proto/1.7.0#ed6d5bd761bef0afb0ba09676420b9ea%1749461220.268",
+        "ninja/1.13.2#c8c5dc2a52ed6e4e42a66d75b4717ceb%1764096931.974",
         "nasm/2.16.01#31e26f2ee3c4346ecd347911bd126904%1765850144.707",
         "msys2/cci.latest#d22fe7b2808f5fd34d0a7923ace9c54f%1770657326.649",
-        "m4/1.4.19#5d7a4994e5875d76faf7acf3ed056036%1774365463.87",
+        "meson/1.10.2#9d2d10681fe7fe61c788c58626c89b25%1775558003.754",
+        "m4/1.4.19#4523e4347b55cd26ae918bd5770cab9a%1778062762.471",
+        "libtool/2.4.7#14e7739cc128bc1623d2ed318008e47e%1755679003.847",
+        "gnu-config/cci.20210814#466e9d4d7779e1c142443f7ea44b4284%1762363589.329",
         "cmake/4.3.0#b939a42e98f593fb34d3a8c5cc860359%1774439249.183",
         "b2/5.4.2#ffd6084a119587e70f11cd45d1a386e2%1774439233.447",
         "automake/1.16.5#b91b7c384c3deaa9d535be02da14d04f%1755524470.56",
@@ -41,24 +50,26 @@
     ],
     "python_requires": [],
     "overrides": {
-        "boost/1.90.0#d5e8defe7355494953be18524a7f135b": [
-            null,
-            "boost/1.90.0"
-        ],
         "protobuf/[>=5.27.0 <7]": [
             "protobuf/6.33.5"
         ],
         "lz4/1.9.4": [
             "lz4/1.10.0"
         ],
+        "boost/[>=1.83.0 <1.91.0]": [
+            "boost/1.91.0"
+        ],
         "sqlite3/[>=3.44 <4]": [
-            "sqlite3/3.51.0"
+            "sqlite3/3.53.0"
         ],
         "boost/1.83.0": [
-            "boost/1.90.0"
+            "boost/1.91.0"
         ],
         "lz4/[>=1.9.4 <2]": [
             "lz4/1.10.0#59fc63cac7f10fbe8e05c7e62c2f3504"
+        ],
+        "protobuf/[>=4.25.3 <7]": [
+            "protobuf/6.33.5#d96d52ba5baaaa532f47bda866ad87a5"
         ]
     },
     "config_requires": []

conan/global.conf

@@ -3,3 +3,5 @@
 core:non_interactive=True
 core.download:parallel={{ os.cpu_count() }}
 core.upload:parallel={{ os.cpu_count() }}
+tools.files.download:retry=5
+tools.files.download:retry_wait=10

conan/lockfile/regenerate.sh

@@ -23,14 +23,14 @@ rm -f conan.lock
 # first create command will create a new lockfile, while the subsequent create
 # commands will merge any additional dependencies into the created lockfile.
 conan lock create . \
-  --options '&:jemalloc=True' \
-  --options '&:rocksdb=True' \
-  --profile:all=conan/lockfile/linux.profile
+    --options '&:jemalloc=True' \
+    --options '&:rocksdb=True' \
+    --profile:all=conan/lockfile/linux.profile
 conan lock create . \
-  --options '&:jemalloc=True' \
-  --options '&:rocksdb=True' \
-  --profile:all=conan/lockfile/macos.profile
+    --options '&:jemalloc=True' \
+    --options '&:rocksdb=True' \
+    --profile:all=conan/lockfile/macos.profile
 conan lock create . \
-  --options '&:jemalloc=True' \
-  --options '&:rocksdb=True' \
-  --profile:all=conan/lockfile/windows.profile
+    --options '&:jemalloc=True' \
+    --options '&:rocksdb=True' \
+    --profile:all=conan/lockfile/windows.profile

conan/profiles/ci

@@ -1 +1 @@
- include(sanitizers)
+include(sanitizers)

conan/profiles/default

@@ -23,3 +23,15 @@ compiler.libcxx={{detect_api.detect_libcxx(compiler, version, compiler_exe)}}
 {% if compiler == "gcc" and compiler_version < 13 %}
 tools.build:cxxflags+=['-Wno-restrict']
 {% endif %}
+{% if os == "Windows" %}
+# opentelemetry-cpp's recipe removes the `shared` option on Windows and never
+# sets BUILD_SHARED_LIBS, so its upstream CMake defaults the protobuf-generated
+# `opentelemetry_proto` target to a DLL (opentelemetry_proto.dll). The rest of
+# the project links statically and nothing deploys that DLL next to the
+# executables, so the telemetry unit test fails to start with
+# STATUS_DLL_NOT_FOUND (0xC0000135). Force the dependency to build fully static
+# so no runtime DLL is produced. The conf is folded into the package id so a
+# fresh static binary is built instead of reusing a previously cached one.
+opentelemetry-cpp/*:tools.cmake.cmaketoolchain:extra_variables={"BUILD_SHARED_LIBS": "OFF"}
+opentelemetry-cpp/*:tools.info.package_id:confs+=["tools.cmake.cmaketoolchain:extra_variables"]
+{% endif %}

conan/profiles/sanitizers

@@ -1,86 +1,122 @@
 include(default)
 {% set compiler, version, compiler_exe = detect_api.detect_default_compiler() %}
+{% set arch = detect_api.detect_arch() %}
 {% set sanitizers = os.getenv("SANITIZERS") %}
 
-[conf]
-{% if sanitizers %}
-    {% if compiler == "gcc" %}
-        {% if "address" in sanitizers or "thread" in sanitizers or "undefinedbehavior" in sanitizers %}
-            {% set sanitizer_list = [] %}
-            {% set defines = [] %}
-            {% set model_code = "" %}
-            {% set extra_cxxflags = ["-fno-omit-frame-pointer", "-O1", "-Wno-stringop-overflow"] %}
+{% if not sanitizers %}
+{# Sanitizers not configured; no additional settings needed #}
+{% else %}
 
-            {% if "address" in sanitizers %}
-                {% set _ = sanitizer_list.append("address") %}
-                {% set model_code = "-mcmodel=large" %}
-                {% set _ = defines.append("BOOST_USE_ASAN")%}
-                {% set _ = defines.append("BOOST_USE_UCONTEXT")%}
-            {% elif "thread" in sanitizers %}
-                {% set _ = sanitizer_list.append("thread") %}
-                {% set model_code = "-mcmodel=medium" %}
-                {% set _ = extra_cxxflags.append("-Wno-tsan") %}
-                {% set _ = defines.append("BOOST_USE_TSAN")%}
-                {% set _ = defines.append("BOOST_USE_UCONTEXT")%}
-            {% endif %}
+{% if compiler == "msvc" %}
+    {{ "Sanitizers are not supported on Windows/MSVC. Please unset the SANITIZERS environment variable." }}
+{% endif %}
 
-            {% if "undefinedbehavior" in sanitizers %}
-                {% set _ = sanitizer_list.append("undefined") %}
-                {% set _ = sanitizer_list.append("float-divide-by-zero") %}
-            {% endif %}
+{% set known_sanitizers = ["address", "thread", "undefinedbehavior"] %}
+{% set provided_sanitizers = [] %}
+{% for san in sanitizers.split(",") %}
+    {% set san = san.strip() %}
+    {% if san not in known_sanitizers %}
+        {{ "Unknown sanitizer in SANITIZERS: " ~ san }}
+    {% endif %}
+    {% set _ = provided_sanitizers.append(san) %}
+{% endfor %}
 
-            {% set sanitizer_flags = "-fsanitize=" ~ ",".join(sanitizer_list) ~ " " ~ model_code %}
+{% set enable_asan = "address" in provided_sanitizers %}
+{% set enable_tsan = "thread" in provided_sanitizers %}
+{% set enable_ubsan = "undefinedbehavior" in provided_sanitizers %}
 
-            tools.build:cxxflags+=['{{sanitizer_flags}} {{" ".join(extra_cxxflags)}}']
-            tools.build:sharedlinkflags+=['{{sanitizer_flags}}']
-            tools.build:exelinkflags+=['{{sanitizer_flags}}']
-            tools.build:defines+={{defines}}
-        {% endif %}
-    {% elif compiler == "apple-clang" or compiler == "clang" %}
-        {% if "address" in sanitizers or "thread" in sanitizers or "undefinedbehavior" in sanitizers %}
-            {% set sanitizer_list = [] %}
-            {% set defines = [] %}
-            {% set extra_cxxflags = ["-fno-omit-frame-pointer", "-O1"] %}
+{% if enable_asan and enable_tsan %}
+    {{ "AddressSanitizer and ThreadSanitizer are incompatible and cannot be enabled simultaneously." }}
+{% endif %}
 
-            {% if "address" in sanitizers %}
-                {% set _ = sanitizer_list.append("address") %}
-                {% set _ = defines.append("BOOST_USE_ASAN")%}
-                {% set _ = defines.append("BOOST_USE_UCONTEXT")%}
-            {% elif "thread" in sanitizers %}
-                {% set _ = sanitizer_list.append("thread") %}
-                {% set _ = defines.append("BOOST_USE_TSAN")%}
-                {% set _ = defines.append("BOOST_USE_UCONTEXT")%}
-            {% endif %}
+{% set sanitizer_types = [] %}
+{% set defines = [] %}
 
-            {% if "undefinedbehavior" in sanitizers %}
-                {% set _ = sanitizer_list.append("undefined") %}
-                {% set _ = sanitizer_list.append("float-divide-by-zero") %}
-                {% set _ = sanitizer_list.append("unsigned-integer-overflow") %}
-            {% endif %}
+{% if enable_asan %}
+    {% set _ = sanitizer_types.append("address") %}
+    {% set _ = defines.append("BOOST_USE_ASAN") %}
+    {% set _ = defines.append("BOOST_USE_UCONTEXT") %}
+{% elif enable_tsan %}
+    {% set _ = sanitizer_types.append("thread") %}
+    {% set _ = defines.append("BOOST_USE_TSAN") %}
+    {% set _ = defines.append("BOOST_USE_UCONTEXT") %}
+{% endif %}
 
-            {% set sanitizer_flags = "-fsanitize=" ~ ",".join(sanitizer_list) %}
-
-            tools.build:cxxflags+=['{{sanitizer_flags}} {{" ".join(extra_cxxflags)}}']
-            tools.build:sharedlinkflags+=['{{sanitizer_flags}}']
-            tools.build:exelinkflags+=['{{sanitizer_flags}}']
-            tools.build:defines+={{defines}}
-        {% endif %}
+{% if enable_ubsan %}
+    {% set _ = sanitizer_types.append("undefined") %}
+    {% set _ = sanitizer_types.append("float-divide-by-zero") %}
+    {# Clang supports additional UB checks beyond the GCC baseline #}
+    {% if compiler == "clang" or compiler == "apple-clang" %}
+        {% set _ = sanitizer_types.append("unsigned-integer-overflow") %}
     {% endif %}
 {% endif %}
 
+{# Frame pointer required for meaningful stack traces; -O1 for reasonable performance #}
+{% set compile_flags = ["-fno-omit-frame-pointer", "-O1"] %}
+
+{% if compiler == "gcc" %}
+    {# Suppress false positive warnings with GCC #}
+    {% set _ = compile_flags.append("-Wno-stringop-overflow") %}
+
+    {% set relocation_flags = [] %}
+
+    {% if arch == "x86_64" and enable_asan %}
+        {# Large code model prevents relocation errors in instrumented ASAN binaries #}
+        {% set _ = compile_flags.append("-mcmodel=large") %}
+        {% set _ = relocation_flags.append("-mcmodel=large") %}
+    {% elif enable_tsan %}
+        {# GCC doesn't support atomic_thread_fence with TSAN; suppress warnings #}
+        {% set _ = compile_flags.append("-Wno-tsan") %}
+        {% if arch == "x86_64" %}
+            {# Medium code model for TSAN; large is incompatible #}
+            {% set _ = compile_flags.append("-mcmodel=medium") %}
+            {% set _ = relocation_flags.append("-mcmodel=medium") %}
+        {% endif %}
+    {% endif %}
+
+    {% set fsanitize = "-fsanitize=" ~ ",".join(sanitizer_types) %}
+    {% set _ = compile_flags.append(fsanitize) %}
+    {% set _ = relocation_flags.append(fsanitize) %}
+
+    {% set sanitizer_compiler_flags = " ".join(compile_flags) %}
+    {% set sanitizer_linker_flags = " ".join(relocation_flags) %}
+{% elif compiler == "clang" or compiler == "apple-clang" %}
+    {% set fsanitize = "-fsanitize=" ~ ",".join(sanitizer_types) %}
+    {% set _ = compile_flags.append(fsanitize) %}
+
+    {% set sanitizer_compiler_flags = " ".join(compile_flags) %}
+    {% set sanitizer_linker_flags = fsanitize %}
+{% endif %}
+
+[conf]
+tools.build:defines+={{defines}}
+tools.build:cxxflags+=['{{sanitizer_compiler_flags}}']
+tools.build:sharedlinkflags+=['{{sanitizer_linker_flags}}']
+tools.build:exelinkflags+=['{{sanitizer_linker_flags}}']
+
 tools.info.package_id:confs+=["tools.build:cxxflags", "tools.build:exelinkflags", "tools.build:sharedlinkflags", "tools.build:defines"]
 
+# &: means "apply only to the consumer/root package"
+&:tools.cmake.cmaketoolchain:extra_variables={"SANITIZERS": "{{sanitizers}}", "SANITIZERS_COMPILER_FLAGS": "{{sanitizer_compiler_flags}}", "SANITIZERS_LINKER_FLAGS": "{{sanitizer_linker_flags}}"}
+
 [options]
-{% if sanitizers %}
-    {% if "address" in sanitizers %}
-        # Build Boost.Context with ucontext backend (not fcontext) so that
-        # ASAN fiber-switching annotations (__sanitizer_start/finish_switch_fiber)
-        # are compiled into the library. fcontext (assembly) has no ASAN support.
-        # define=BOOST_USE_ASAN=1 is critical: it must be defined when building
-        # Boost.Context itself so the ucontext backend compiles in the ASAN annotations.
-        boost/*:extra_b2_flags=context-impl=ucontext address-sanitizer=on define=BOOST_USE_ASAN=1
-        boost/*:without_context=False
-        # Boost stacktrace fails to build with some sanitizers
-        boost/*:without_stacktrace=True
-    {% endif %}
+{% if enable_asan %}
+    # Build Boost.Context with ucontext backend (not fcontext) so that
+    # ASAN fiber-switching annotations (__sanitizer_start/finish_switch_fiber)
+    # are compiled into the library. fcontext (assembly) has no ASAN support.
+    # define=BOOST_USE_ASAN=1 is critical: it must be defined when building
+    # Boost.Context itself so the ucontext backend compiles in the ASAN annotations.
+    boost/*:extra_b2_flags=context-impl=ucontext address-sanitizer=on define=BOOST_USE_ASAN=1
+    boost/*:without_context=False
+    # Boost stacktrace fails to build with some sanitizers
+    boost/*:without_stacktrace=True
+{% elif enable_tsan %}
+    # Build Boost.Context with ucontext backend for TSAN. fcontext (assembly)
+    # has no TSAN annotations, so without this the BOOST_USE_TSAN/BOOST_USE_UCONTEXT
+    # defines in [conf] would be ineffective.
+    boost/*:extra_b2_flags=context-impl=ucontext thread-sanitizer=on define=BOOST_USE_TSAN=1
+    boost/*:without_context=False
+    boost/*:without_stacktrace=True
+{% endif %}
+
 {% endif %}

conanfile.py

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-import os
 import re
 
 from conan.tools.cmake import CMake, CMakeToolchain, cmake_layout
@@ -22,6 +21,7 @@ class Xrpl(ConanFile):
         "rocksdb": [True, False],
         "shared": [True, False],
         "static": [True, False],
+        "telemetry": [True, False],
         "tests": [True, False],
         "unity": [True, False],
         "xrpld": [True, False],
@@ -30,12 +30,12 @@ class Xrpl(ConanFile):
     requires = [
         "ed25519/2015.03",
         "grpc/1.78.1",
-        "libarchive/3.8.1",
+        "libarchive/3.8.7",
         "nudb/2.0.9",
-        "openssl/3.6.1",
+        "openssl/3.6.2",
         "secp256k1/0.7.1",
         "soci/4.0.3",
-        "zlib/1.3.1",
+        "zlib/1.3.2",
     ]
 
     test_requires = [
@@ -54,9 +54,11 @@ class Xrpl(ConanFile):
         "rocksdb": True,
         "shared": False,
         "static": True,
+        "telemetry": True,
         "tests": False,
         "unity": False,
         "xrpld": False,
+        "boost/*:without_cobalt": True,
         "boost/*:without_context": False,
         "boost/*:without_coroutine": True,
         "boost/*:without_coroutine2": False,
@@ -129,22 +131,20 @@ class Xrpl(ConanFile):
         if self.settings.compiler in ["clang", "gcc"]:
             self.options["boost"].without_cobalt = True
 
-        # Check if environment variable exists
-        if "SANITIZERS" in os.environ:
-            sanitizers = os.environ["SANITIZERS"]
-            if "address" in sanitizers.lower():
-                self.default_options["fPIC"] = False
-
     def requirements(self):
-        self.requires("boost/1.90.0", force=True, transitive_headers=True)
+        self.requires("boost/1.91.0", force=True, transitive_headers=True)
         self.requires("date/3.0.4", transitive_headers=True)
         self.requires("lz4/1.10.0", force=True)
         self.requires("protobuf/6.33.5", force=True)
-        self.requires("sqlite3/3.51.0", force=True)
+        self.requires("sqlite3/3.53.0", force=True)
         if self.options.jemalloc:
-            self.requires("jemalloc/5.3.0")
+            self.requires("jemalloc/5.3.1")
         if self.options.rocksdb:
             self.requires("rocksdb/10.5.1")
+        # OpenTelemetry C++ SDK for distributed tracing (optional).
+        # Provides OTLP/HTTP exporter, batch span processor, and trace API.
+        if self.options.telemetry:
+            self.requires("opentelemetry-cpp/1.26.0")
         self.requires("xxhash/0.8.3", transitive_headers=True)
 
     exports_sources = (
@@ -173,6 +173,7 @@ class Xrpl(ConanFile):
         tc.variables["rocksdb"] = self.options.rocksdb
         tc.variables["BUILD_SHARED_LIBS"] = self.options.shared
         tc.variables["static"] = self.options.static
+        tc.variables["telemetry"] = self.options.telemetry
         tc.variables["unity"] = self.options.unity
         tc.variables["xrpld"] = self.options.xrpld
         tc.generate()
@@ -225,3 +226,5 @@ class Xrpl(ConanFile):
         ]
         if self.options.rocksdb:
             libxrpl.requires.append("rocksdb::librocksdb")
+        if self.options.telemetry:
+            libxrpl.requires.append("opentelemetry-cpp::opentelemetry-cpp")

cspell.config.yaml

@@ -44,6 +44,10 @@ suggestWords:
 words:
   - abempty
   - AMMID
+  - AMMMPT
+  - AMMMPToken
+  - AMMMPTokens
+  - AMMXRP
   - amt
   - amts
   - asnode
@@ -59,7 +63,9 @@ words:
   - Bougalis
   - Britto
   - Btrfs
+  - Buildx
   - canonicality
+  - CGNAT
   - changespq
   - checkme
   - choco
@@ -67,6 +73,7 @@ words:
   - citardauq
   - clawback
   - clawbacks
+  - cmaketoolchain
   - coeffs
   - coldwallet
   - compr
@@ -87,17 +94,22 @@ words:
   - daria
   - dcmake
   - dearmor
+  - dedented
   - deleteme
   - demultiplexer
   - deserializaton
   - desync
   - desynced
   - determ
+  - disablerepo
   - distro
   - doxyfile
   - dxrpl
+  - enabled
+  - enablerepo
   - endmacro
   - exceptioned
+  - EXPECT_STREQ
   - Falco
   - fcontext
   - finalizers
@@ -105,10 +117,13 @@ words:
   - fmtdur
   - fsanitize
   - funclets
+  - gantt
+  - Gantt
   - gcov
   - gcovr
   - ghead
   - Gnutella
+  - godexsoft
   - gpgcheck
   - gpgkey
   - hotwallet
@@ -146,17 +161,21 @@ words:
   - lseq
   - lsmf
   - ltype
+  - mathbunnyru
   - mcmodel
   - MEMORYSTATUSEX
   - Merkle
   - Metafuncton
   - misprediction
+  - missingok
+  - MPTAMM
   - mptbalance
   - MPTDEX
   - mptflags
   - mptid
   - mptissuance
   - mptissuanceid
+  - mptissue
   - mptoken
   - mptokenid
   - mptokenissuance
@@ -181,12 +200,18 @@ words:
   - NOLINT
   - NOLINTNEXTLINE
   - nonxrp
+  - noreplace
   - noripple
+  - nostd
+  - nostdinc
+  - notifempty
   - nudb
   - nullptr
   - nunl
   - Nyffenegger
+  - onlatest
   - ostr
+  - otelc
   - pargs
   - partitioner
   - paychan
@@ -194,6 +219,7 @@ words:
   - permdex
   - perminute
   - permissioned
+  - pimpl
   - pointee
   - populator
   - preauth
@@ -201,6 +227,7 @@ words:
   - preauthorize
   - preauthorizes
   - preclaim
+  - preun
   - protobuf
   - protos
   - ptrs
@@ -235,12 +262,15 @@ words:
   - sfields
   - shamap
   - shamapitem
+  - shfmt
+  - shlibs
   - sidechain
   - SIGGOOD
   - sle
   - sles
   - soci
   - socidb
+  - SRPMS
   - sslws
   - statsd
   - STATSDCOLLECTOR
@@ -260,6 +290,7 @@ words:
   - takerpays
   - ters
   - TMEndpointv2
+  - traceql
   - trixie
   - tx
   - txid
@@ -267,9 +298,10 @@ words:
   - txjson
   - txn
   - txns
+  - txqueue
   - txs
-  - UBSAN
   - ubsan
+  - UBSAN
   - umant
   - unacquired
   - unambiguity
@@ -277,6 +309,7 @@ words:
   - unauthorizing
   - unergonomic
   - unfetched
+  - unfindable
   - unflatten
   - unfund
   - unimpair
@@ -306,7 +339,6 @@ words:
   - xbridge
   - xchain
   - ximinez
-  - EXPECT_STREQ
   - XMACRO
   - xrpkuwait
   - xrpl
@@ -314,3 +346,5 @@ words:
   - xrplf
   - xxhash
   - xxhasher
+  - xychart
+  - zpages

docker/check-sanitizers.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+# Sanity-check that the sanitizer runtimes shipped with g++/clang++ work
+# end-to-end against the system loader: compile each example with both
+# compilers, run it, and confirm the expected diagnostic is emitted.
+
+set -eo pipefail
+
+cpp_files_dir="${1:?usage: $0 <cpp_files_dir>}"
+
+case "$(uname -m)" in
+    x86_64) loader=/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 ;;
+    aarch64) loader=/lib/ld-linux-aarch64.so.1 ;;
+    *)
+        echo "Unsupported arch: $(uname -m)" >&2
+        exit 1
+        ;;
+esac
+
+declare -A sanitize=(
+    [asan]="-fsanitize=address"
+    [tsan]="-fsanitize=thread"
+    [ubsan]="-fsanitize=undefined"
+)
+declare -A expect=(
+    [asan]="heap-use-after-free"
+    [tsan]="data race"
+    [ubsan]="signed integer overflow"
+)
+
+for compiler in g++ clang++; do
+    for name in asan tsan ubsan; do
+        bin="/tmp/${name}-${compiler}"
+        echo "=== Build ${name} with ${compiler} ==="
+        "$compiler" -std=c++20 -O1 -g ${sanitize[$name]} \
+            -Wl,--dynamic-linker=$loader \
+            "${cpp_files_dir}/${name}.cpp" -o "$bin"
+        echo "=== Run ${name}-${compiler} ==="
+        output=$("$bin" 2>&1) || true
+        echo "$output"
+        echo "$output" | grep -q "${expect[$name]}" ||
+            {
+                echo "expected '${expect[$name]}' from $bin"
+                exit 1
+            }
+        rm -f "$bin"
+    done
+done

docker/cpp_files/asan.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#include <atomic>
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <iostream>
+
+#if defined(__clang__) || defined(__GNUC__)
+__attribute__((noinline))
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
+__declspec(noinline)
+#endif
+int
+read_after_free(volatile int* array, std::size_t index)
+{
+    std::atomic_signal_fence(std::memory_order_seq_cst);
+    int value = array[index];
+    std::atomic_signal_fence(std::memory_order_seq_cst);
+    return value;
+}
+
+int
+main()
+{
+    int* array = new int[5]{10, 20, 30, 40, 50};
+    delete[] array;
+
+    std::cout << "Value at index 2: " << read_after_free(array, 2) << std::endl;
+
+    return 0;
+}

docker/cpp_files/tsan.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+#include <iostream>
+#include <thread>
+
+static int kCounter = 0;
+
+void
+increment()
+{
+    for (int i = 0; i < 100'000; ++i)
+    {
+        ++kCounter;
+    }
+}
+
+int
+main()
+{
+    std::thread t1(increment);
+    std::thread t2(increment);
+
+    t1.join();
+    t2.join();
+
+    std::cout << "Final counter value: " << kCounter << std::endl;
+    return 0;
+}

docker/cpp_files/ubsan.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#include <iostream>
+#include <limits>
+
+int
+main()
+{
+    int maxInt = std::numeric_limits<int>::max();
+    int volatile one = 1;
+    std::cout << "Current max: " << maxInt << std::endl;
+    int overflowed = maxInt + one;
+    std::cout << "Overflowed result: " << overflowed << std::endl;
+    return 0;
+}