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`NodePathStack`'s checks were `XRPL_ASSERT`s, which are stripped under `NDEBUG`, so a release build walked on with a node and an ID that disagreed. Each one is now a live test that refuses the push and lets the caller stop, since a malformed map must not be walked and must not abort either. The leaf-position check was `UNREACHABLE`, and that was wrong rather than merely strict. A leaf enters a tree through paths that carry no `SHAMapNodeID` at all (`descend(parent, branch)`, `descendThrow`, `descendNoStore`), so no upstream check can exist for them and `pushChild` is the first place the position is known again. It is therefore a live, non-aborting test, and every path that does know the position now judges a node before hooking it: the two filter descents and the deferred-read hook, each marking the map invalid the way `addKnownNode` already did for an inner node too deep. `getMissingNodes` no longer calls `clearSynching()` on such a map, which would have moved the state to `Modifying` and erased that verdict. `gmnProcessDeferredReads` became non-static so it can record it. New `SHAMapMisplacedLeaf` tests build a tree whose hashes agree but whose leaf sits under the wrong branch, and drive it in through each of the two acquisition routes. Reverting the entry checks fails both; reverting only the `belowHelper` throw leaves `map.begin()` reporting such a map as empty, which the third test catches.
The XRP Ledger
The XRP Ledger is a decentralized cryptographic ledger powered by a network of peer-to-peer nodes. The XRP Ledger uses a novel Byzantine Fault Tolerant consensus algorithm to settle and record transactions in a secure distributed database without a central operator.
XRP
XRP is a public, counterparty-free crypto-asset native to the XRP Ledger, and is designed as a gas token for network services and to bridge different currencies. XRP is traded on the open-market and is available for anyone to access. The XRP Ledger was created in 2012 with a finite supply of 100 billion units of XRP.
xrpld
The server software that powers the XRP Ledger is called xrpld and is available in this repository under the permissive ISC open-source license. The xrpld server software is written primarily in C++ and runs on a variety of platforms. The xrpld server software can run in several modes depending on its configuration.
If you are interested in running an API Server (including a Full History Server), take a look at Clio. (xrpld Reporting Mode has been replaced by Clio.)
Build from Source
- Read the build instructions in
BUILD.md - If you encounter any issues, please open an issue
Key Features of the XRP Ledger
- Censorship-Resistant Transaction Processing: No single party decides which transactions succeed or fail, and no one can "roll back" a transaction after it completes. As long as those who choose to participate in the network keep it healthy, they can settle transactions in seconds.
- Fast, Efficient Consensus Algorithm: The XRP Ledger's consensus algorithm settles transactions in 4 to 5 seconds, processing at a throughput of up to 1500 transactions per second. These properties put XRP at least an order of magnitude ahead of other top digital assets.
- Finite XRP Supply: When the XRP Ledger began, 100 billion XRP were created, and no more XRP will ever be created. The available supply of XRP decreases slowly over time as small amounts are destroyed to pay transaction fees.
- Responsible Software Governance: A team of full-time developers at Ripple & other organizations maintain and continually improve the XRP Ledger's underlying software with contributions from the open-source community. Ripple acts as a steward for the technology and an advocate for its interests.
- Secure, Adaptable Cryptography: The XRP Ledger relies on industry standard digital signature systems like ECDSA (the same scheme used by Bitcoin) but also supports modern, efficient algorithms like Ed25519. The extensible nature of the XRP Ledger's software makes it possible to add and disable algorithms as the state of the art in cryptography advances.
- Modern Features: Features like Escrow, Checks, and Payment Channels support financial applications atop of the XRP Ledger. This toolbox of advanced features comes with safety features like a process for amending the network and separate checks against invariant constraints.
- On-Ledger Decentralized Exchange: In addition to all the features that make XRP useful on its own, the XRP Ledger also has a fully-functional accounting system for tracking and trading obligations denominated in any way users want, and an exchange built into the protocol. The XRP Ledger can settle long, cross-currency payment paths and exchanges of multiple currencies in atomic transactions, bridging gaps of trust with XRP.
Source Code
Here are some good places to start learning the source code:
- Read the markdown files in the source tree:
src/xrpld/**/*.md. - Read the levelization document to get an idea of the internal dependency graph.
- In the big picture, the
mainfunction constructs anApplicationImpobject, which implements theApplicationvirtual interface. Almost every component in the application takes anApplication¶meter in its constructor, typically namedappand stored as a member variableapp_. This allows most components to depend on any other component.
Repository Contents
| Folder | Contents |
|---|---|
./bin |
Scripts and data files for XRPL developers. |
./Builds |
Platform-specific guides for building xrpld. |
./docs |
Source documentation files and doxygen config. |
./cfg |
Example configuration files. |
./src |
Source code. |
./crates |
Rust source code. |
Some of the directories under src are external repositories included using
git-subtree. See those directories' README files for more details.