Manifest.cpp

#include <xrpld/app/misc/Manifest.h>
#include <xrpld/app/rdb/Wallet.h>
#include <xrpld/core/DatabaseCon.h>
 
#include <xrpl/basics/Log.h>
#include <xrpl/basics/StringUtilities.h>
#include <xrpl/basics/base64.h>
#include <xrpl/json/json_reader.h>
#include <xrpl/protocol/PublicKey.h>
#include <xrpl/protocol/Sign.h>
 
#include <boost/algorithm/string/trim.hpp>
 
#include <numeric>
#include <stdexcept>
 
namespace xrpl {
 
std::string
to_string(Manifest const& m)
{
    auto const mk = toBase58(TokenType::NodePublic, m.masterKey);
 
    if (m.revoked())
        return "Revocation Manifest " + mk;
 
    if (!m.signingKey)
        Throw<std::runtime_error>("No SigningKey in manifest " + mk);
 
    return "Manifest " + mk + " (" + std::to_string(m.sequence) + ": " +
        toBase58(TokenType::NodePublic, *m.signingKey) + ")";
}
 
std::optional<Manifest>
deserializeManifest(Slice s, beast::Journal journal)
{
    if (s.empty())
        return std::nullopt;
 
    static SOTemplate const manifestFormat{
        // A manifest must include:
        // - the master public key
        {sfPublicKey, soeREQUIRED},
 
        // - a signature with that public key
        {sfMasterSignature, soeREQUIRED},
 
        // - a sequence number
        {sfSequence, soeREQUIRED},
 
        // It may, optionally, contain:
        // - a version number which defaults to 0
        {sfVersion, soeDEFAULT},
 
        // - a domain name
        {sfDomain, soeOPTIONAL},
 
        // - an ephemeral signing key that can be changed as necessary
        {sfSigningPubKey, soeOPTIONAL},
 
        // - a signature using the ephemeral signing key, if it is present
        {sfSignature, soeOPTIONAL},
    };
 
    try
    {
        SerialIter sit{s};
        STObject st{sit, sfGeneric};
 
        st.applyTemplate(manifestFormat);
 
        // We only understand "version 0" manifests at this time:
        if (st.isFieldPresent(sfVersion) && st.getFieldU16(sfVersion) != 0)
            return std::nullopt;
 
        auto const pk = st.getFieldVL(sfPublicKey);
 
        if (!publicKeyType(makeSlice(pk)))
            return std::nullopt;
 
        PublicKey const masterKey = PublicKey(makeSlice(pk));
        std::uint32_t const seq = st.getFieldU32(sfSequence);
 
        std::string domain;
 
        std::optional<PublicKey> signingKey;
 
        if (st.isFieldPresent(sfDomain))
        {
            auto const d = st.getFieldVL(sfDomain);
 
            domain.assign(reinterpret_cast<char const*>(d.data()), d.size());
 
            if (!isProperlyFormedTomlDomain(domain))
                return std::nullopt;
        }
 
        bool const hasEphemeralKey = st.isFieldPresent(sfSigningPubKey);
        bool const hasEphemeralSig = st.isFieldPresent(sfSignature);
 
        if (Manifest::revoked(seq))
        {
            // Revocation manifests should not specify a new signing key
            // or a signing key signature.
            if (hasEphemeralKey)
                return std::nullopt;
 
            if (hasEphemeralSig)
                return std::nullopt;
        }
        else
        {
            // Regular manifests should contain a signing key and an
            // associated signature.
            if (!hasEphemeralKey)
                return std::nullopt;
 
            if (!hasEphemeralSig)
                return std::nullopt;
 
            auto const spk = st.getFieldVL(sfSigningPubKey);
 
            if (!publicKeyType(makeSlice(spk)))
                return std::nullopt;
 
            signingKey.emplace(makeSlice(spk));
 
            // The signing and master keys can't be the same
            if (*signingKey == masterKey)
                return std::nullopt;
        }
 
        std::string const serialized(reinterpret_cast<char const*>(s.data()), s.size());
 
        // If the manifest is revoked, then the signingKey will be unseated
        return Manifest(serialized, masterKey, signingKey, seq, domain);
    }
    catch (std::exception const& ex)
    {
        JLOG(journal.error()) << "Exception in " << __func__ << ": " << ex.what();
        return std::nullopt;
    }
}
 
template <class Stream>
Stream&
logMftAct(Stream& s, std::string const& action, PublicKey const& pk, std::uint32_t seq)
{
    s << "Manifest: " << action << ";Pk: " << toBase58(TokenType::NodePublic, pk) << ";Seq: " << seq << ";";
    return s;
}
 
template <class Stream>
Stream&
logMftAct(Stream& s, std::string const& action, PublicKey const& pk, std::uint32_t seq, std::uint32_t oldSeq)
{
    s << "Manifest: " << action << ";Pk: " << toBase58(TokenType::NodePublic, pk) << ";Seq: " << seq
      << ";OldSeq: " << oldSeq << ";";
    return s;
}
 
bool
Manifest::verify() const
{
    STObject st(sfGeneric);
    SerialIter sit(serialized.data(), serialized.size());
    st.set(sit);
 
    // The manifest must either have a signing key or be revoked.  This check
    // prevents us from accessing an unseated signingKey in the next check.
    if (!revoked() && !signingKey)
        return false;
 
    // Signing key and signature are not required for
    // master key revocations
    if (!revoked() && !xrpl::verify(st, HashPrefix::manifest, *signingKey))
        return false;
 
    return xrpl::verify(st, HashPrefix::manifest, masterKey, sfMasterSignature);
}
 
uint256
Manifest::hash() const
{
    STObject st(sfGeneric);
    SerialIter sit(serialized.data(), serialized.size());
    st.set(sit);
    return st.getHash(HashPrefix::manifest);
}
 
bool
Manifest::revoked() const
{
    /*
        The maximum possible sequence number means that the master key
        has been revoked.
    */
    return revoked(sequence);
}
 
bool
Manifest::revoked(std::uint32_t sequence)
{
    // The maximum possible sequence number means that the master key has
    // been revoked.
    return sequence == std::numeric_limits<std::uint32_t>::max();
}
 
std::optional<Blob>
Manifest::getSignature() const
{
    STObject st(sfGeneric);
    SerialIter sit(serialized.data(), serialized.size());
    st.set(sit);
    if (!get(st, sfSignature))
        return std::nullopt;
    return st.getFieldVL(sfSignature);
}
 
Blob
Manifest::getMasterSignature() const
{
    STObject st(sfGeneric);
    SerialIter sit(serialized.data(), serialized.size());
    st.set(sit);
    return st.getFieldVL(sfMasterSignature);
}
 
std::optional<ValidatorToken>
loadValidatorToken(std::vector<std::string> const& blob, beast::Journal journal)
{
    try
    {
        std::string tokenStr;
 
        tokenStr.reserve(
            std::accumulate(blob.cbegin(), blob.cend(), std::size_t(0), [](std::size_t init, std::string const& s) {
                return init + s.size();
            }));
 
        for (auto const& line : blob)
            tokenStr += boost::algorithm::trim_copy(line);
 
        tokenStr = base64_decode(tokenStr);
 
        Json::Reader r;
        Json::Value token;
 
        if (r.parse(tokenStr, token))
        {
            auto const m = token.get("manifest", Json::Value{});
            auto const k = token.get("validation_secret_key", Json::Value{});
 
            if (m.isString() && k.isString())
            {
                auto const key = strUnHex(k.asString());
 
                if (key && key->size() == 32)
                    return ValidatorToken{m.asString(), makeSlice(*key)};
            }
        }
 
        return std::nullopt;
    }
    catch (std::exception const& ex)
    {
        JLOG(journal.error()) << "Exception in " << __func__ << ": " << ex.what();
        return std::nullopt;
    }
}
 
std::optional<PublicKey>
ManifestCache::getSigningKey(PublicKey const& pk) const
{
    std::shared_lock lock{mutex_};
    auto const iter = map_.find(pk);
 
    if (iter != map_.end() && !iter->second.revoked())
        return iter->second.signingKey;
 
    return pk;
}
 
PublicKey
ManifestCache::getMasterKey(PublicKey const& pk) const
{
    std::shared_lock lock{mutex_};
 
    if (auto const iter = signingToMasterKeys_.find(pk); iter != signingToMasterKeys_.end())
        return iter->second;
 
    return pk;
}
 
std::optional<std::uint32_t>
ManifestCache::getSequence(PublicKey const& pk) const
{
    std::shared_lock lock{mutex_};
    auto const iter = map_.find(pk);
 
    if (iter != map_.end() && !iter->second.revoked())
        return iter->second.sequence;
 
    return std::nullopt;
}
 
std::optional<std::string>
ManifestCache::getDomain(PublicKey const& pk) const
{
    std::shared_lock lock{mutex_};
    auto const iter = map_.find(pk);
 
    if (iter != map_.end() && !iter->second.revoked())
        return iter->second.domain;
 
    return std::nullopt;
}
 
std::optional<std::string>
ManifestCache::getManifest(PublicKey const& pk) const
{
    std::shared_lock lock{mutex_};
    auto const iter = map_.find(pk);
 
    if (iter != map_.end() && !iter->second.revoked())
        return iter->second.serialized;
 
    return std::nullopt;
}
 
bool
ManifestCache::revoked(PublicKey const& pk) const
{
    std::shared_lock lock{mutex_};
    auto const iter = map_.find(pk);
 
    if (iter != map_.end())
        return iter->second.revoked();
 
    return false;
}
 
ManifestDisposition
ManifestCache::applyManifest(Manifest m)
{
    // Check the manifest against the conditions that do not require a
    // `unique_lock` (write lock) on the `mutex_`. Since the signature can be
    // relatively expensive, the `checkSignature` parameter determines if the
    // signature should be checked. Since `prewriteCheck` is run twice (see
    // comment below), `checkSignature` only needs to be set to true on the
    // first run.
    auto prewriteCheck =
        [this, &m](auto const& iter, bool checkSignature, auto const& lock) -> std::optional<ManifestDisposition> {
        XRPL_ASSERT(lock.owns_lock(), "xrpl::ManifestCache::applyManifest::prewriteCheck : locked");
        (void)lock;  // not used. parameter is present to ensure the mutex is
                     // locked when the lambda is called.
        if (iter != map_.end() && m.sequence <= iter->second.sequence)
        {
            // We received a manifest whose sequence number is not strictly
            // greater than the one we already know about. This can happen in
            // several cases including when we receive manifests from a peer who
            // doesn't have the latest data.
            if (auto stream = j_.debug())
                logMftAct(stream, "Stale", m.masterKey, m.sequence, iter->second.sequence);
            return ManifestDisposition::stale;
        }
 
        if (checkSignature && !m.verify())
        {
            if (auto stream = j_.warn())
                logMftAct(stream, "Invalid", m.masterKey, m.sequence);
            return ManifestDisposition::invalid;
        }
 
        // If the master key associated with a manifest is or might be
        // compromised and is, therefore, no longer trustworthy.
        //
        // A manifest revocation essentially marks a manifest as compromised. By
        // setting the sequence number to the highest value possible, the
        // manifest is effectively neutered and cannot be superseded by a forged
        // one.
        bool const revoked = m.revoked();
 
        if (auto stream = j_.warn(); stream && revoked)
            logMftAct(stream, "Revoked", m.masterKey, m.sequence);
 
        // Sanity check: the master key of this manifest should not be used as
        // the ephemeral key of another manifest:
        if (auto const x = signingToMasterKeys_.find(m.masterKey); x != signingToMasterKeys_.end())
        {
            JLOG(j_.warn()) << to_string(m) << ": Master key already used as ephemeral key for "
                            << toBase58(TokenType::NodePublic, x->second);
 
            return ManifestDisposition::badMasterKey;
        }
 
        if (!revoked)
        {
            if (!m.signingKey)
            {
                JLOG(j_.warn()) << to_string(m)
                                << ": is not revoked and the manifest has no "
                                   "signing key. Hence, the manifest is "
                                   "invalid";
                return ManifestDisposition::invalid;
            }
 
            // Sanity check: the ephemeral key of this manifest should not be
            // used as the master or ephemeral key of another manifest:
            if (auto const x = signingToMasterKeys_.find(*m.signingKey); x != signingToMasterKeys_.end())
            {
                JLOG(j_.warn()) << to_string(m) << ": Ephemeral key already used as ephemeral key for "
                                << toBase58(TokenType::NodePublic, x->second);
 
                return ManifestDisposition::badEphemeralKey;
            }
 
            if (auto const x = map_.find(*m.signingKey); x != map_.end())
            {
                JLOG(j_.warn()) << to_string(m) << ": Ephemeral key used as master key for " << to_string(x->second);
 
                return ManifestDisposition::badEphemeralKey;
            }
        }
 
        return std::nullopt;
    };
 
    {
        std::shared_lock sl{mutex_};
        if (auto d = prewriteCheck(map_.find(m.masterKey), /*checkSig*/ true, sl))
            return *d;
    }
 
    std::unique_lock sl{mutex_};
    auto const iter = map_.find(m.masterKey);
    // Since we released the previously held read lock, it's possible that the
    // collections have been written to. This means we need to run
    // `prewriteCheck` again. This re-does work, but `prewriteCheck` is
    // relatively inexpensive to run, and doing it this way allows us to run
    // `prewriteCheck` under a `shared_lock` above.
    // Note, the signature has already been checked above, so it
    // doesn't need to happen again (signature checks are somewhat expensive).
    // Note: It's a mistake to use an upgradable lock. This is a recipe for
    // deadlock.
    if (auto d = prewriteCheck(iter, /*checkSig*/ false, sl))
        return *d;
 
    bool const revoked = m.revoked();
    // This is the first manifest we are seeing for a master key. This should
    // only ever happen once per validator run.
    if (iter == map_.end())
    {
        if (auto stream = j_.info())
            logMftAct(stream, "AcceptedNew", m.masterKey, m.sequence);
 
        if (!revoked)
            signingToMasterKeys_.emplace(*m.signingKey, m.masterKey);
 
        auto masterKey = m.masterKey;
        map_.emplace(std::move(masterKey), std::move(m));
 
        // Something has changed. Keep track of it.
        seq_++;
 
        return ManifestDisposition::accepted;
    }
 
    // An ephemeral key was revoked and superseded by a new key. This is
    // expected, but should happen infrequently.
    if (auto stream = j_.info())
        logMftAct(stream, "AcceptedUpdate", m.masterKey, m.sequence, iter->second.sequence);
 
    signingToMasterKeys_.erase(*iter->second.signingKey);
 
    if (!revoked)
        signingToMasterKeys_.emplace(*m.signingKey, m.masterKey);
 
    iter->second = std::move(m);
 
    // Something has changed. Keep track of it.
    seq_++;
 
    return ManifestDisposition::accepted;
}
 
void
ManifestCache::load(DatabaseCon& dbCon, std::string const& dbTable)
{
    auto db = dbCon.checkoutDb();
    xrpl::getManifests(*db, dbTable, *this, j_);
}
 
bool
ManifestCache::load(
    DatabaseCon& dbCon,
    std::string const& dbTable,
    std::string const& configManifest,
    std::vector<std::string> const& configRevocation)
{
    load(dbCon, dbTable);
 
    if (!configManifest.empty())
    {
        auto mo = deserializeManifest(base64_decode(configManifest));
        if (!mo)
        {
            JLOG(j_.error()) << "Malformed validator_token in config";
            return false;
        }
 
        if (mo->revoked())
        {
            JLOG(j_.warn()) << "Configured manifest revokes public key";
        }
 
        if (applyManifest(std::move(*mo)) == ManifestDisposition::invalid)
        {
            JLOG(j_.error()) << "Manifest in config was rejected";
            return false;
        }
    }
 
    if (!configRevocation.empty())
    {
        std::string revocationStr;
        revocationStr.reserve(std::accumulate(
            configRevocation.cbegin(),
            configRevocation.cend(),
            std::size_t(0),
            [](std::size_t init, std::string const& s) { return init + s.size(); }));
 
        for (auto const& line : configRevocation)
            revocationStr += boost::algorithm::trim_copy(line);
 
        auto mo = deserializeManifest(base64_decode(revocationStr));
 
        if (!mo || !mo->revoked() || applyManifest(std::move(*mo)) == ManifestDisposition::invalid)
        {
            JLOG(j_.error()) << "Invalid validator key revocation in config";
            return false;
        }
    }
 
    return true;
}
 
void
ManifestCache::save(
    DatabaseCon& dbCon,
    std::string const& dbTable,
    std::function<bool(PublicKey const&)> const& isTrusted)
{
    std::shared_lock lock{mutex_};
    auto db = dbCon.checkoutDb();
 
    saveManifests(*db, dbTable, isTrusted, map_, j_);
}
}  // namespace xrpl