fix branch

Co-authored-by: xrplf-ai-reviewer[bot] <266832837+xrplf-ai-reviewer[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

.clang-tidy

@@ -191,11 +191,8 @@ CheckOptions:
   readability-identifier-naming.ParameterCase: camelBack
   readability-identifier-naming.FunctionCase: camelBack
   readability-identifier-naming.MemberCase: camelBack
-  readability-identifier-naming.PrivateMemberCase: camelBack
   readability-identifier-naming.PrivateMemberSuffix: _
-  readability-identifier-naming.ProtectedMemberCase: camelBack
   readability-identifier-naming.ProtectedMemberSuffix: _
-  readability-identifier-naming.PublicMemberCase: camelBack
   readability-identifier-naming.PublicMemberSuffix: ""
   readability-identifier-naming.GlobalFunctionIgnoredRegexp: "^(to_string|hash_append|tuple_hash)$"
 

.github/scripts/strategy-matrix/generate.py

@@ -32,32 +32,7 @@ We will further set additional CMake arguments as follows:
 """
 
 
-def build_config_name(os_entry: dict[str, str], platform: str, build_type: str) -> str:
-    parts = [os_entry["distro_name"]]
-    for key in ("distro_version", "compiler_name", "compiler_version"):
-        if value := os_entry[key]:
-            parts.append(value)
-    parts.append("arm64" if "arm64" in platform else "amd64")
-    parts.append(build_type.lower())
-    return "-".join(parts)
-
-
-def generate_packaging_matrix(config: Config) -> list[dict]:
-    """Emit one entry per os entry with `package: true`. Architecture is
-    hardcoded to linux/amd64 here (and the runner is hardcoded at the
-    workflow level) until arm64 packaging is ready.
-    """
-    return [
-        {
-            "artifact_name": f"xrpld-{build_config_name(os, 'linux/amd64', 'Release')}",
-            "os": os,
-        }
-        for os in config.os
-        if os.get("package", False)
-    ]
-
-
-def generate_strategy_matrix(all: bool, config: Config) -> list[dict]:
+def generate_strategy_matrix(all: bool, config: Config) -> list:
     configurations = []
     for architecture, os, build_type, cmake_args in itertools.product(
         config.architecture, config.os, config.build_type, config.cmake_args
@@ -126,15 +101,14 @@ def generate_strategy_matrix(all: bool, config: Config) -> list[dict]:
                     continue
 
             # RHEL:
-            # - 9 using GCC 12: Debug and Release on linux/amd64
-            #   (Release is required for RPM packaging).
+            # - 9 using GCC 12: Debug on linux/amd64.
             # - 10 using Clang: Release on linux/amd64.
             if os["distro_name"] == "rhel":
                 skip = True
                 if os["distro_version"] == "9":
                     if (
                         f"{os['compiler_name']}-{os['compiler_version']}" == "gcc-12"
-                        and build_type in ["Debug", "Release"]
+                        and build_type == "Debug"
                         and architecture["platform"] == "linux/amd64"
                     ):
                         skip = False
@@ -149,8 +123,7 @@ def generate_strategy_matrix(all: bool, config: Config) -> list[dict]:
                     continue
 
             # Ubuntu:
-            # - Jammy using GCC 12: Debug on linux/arm64, Release on
-            #   linux/amd64 (Release is required for DEB packaging).
+            # - Jammy using GCC 12: Debug on linux/arm64.
             # - Noble using GCC 14: Release on linux/amd64.
             # - Noble using Clang 18: Debug on linux/amd64.
             # - Noble using Clang 19: Release on linux/arm64.
@@ -163,12 +136,6 @@ def generate_strategy_matrix(all: bool, config: Config) -> list[dict]:
                         and architecture["platform"] == "linux/arm64"
                     ):
                         skip = False
-                    if (
-                        f"{os['compiler_name']}-{os['compiler_version']}" == "gcc-12"
-                        and build_type == "Release"
-                        and architecture["platform"] == "linux/amd64"
-                    ):
-                        skip = False
                 elif os["distro_version"] == "noble":
                     if (
                         f"{os['compiler_name']}-{os['compiler_version']}" == "gcc-14"
@@ -251,7 +218,17 @@ def generate_strategy_matrix(all: bool, config: Config) -> list[dict]:
 
         # Generate a unique name for the configuration, e.g. macos-arm64-debug
         # or debian-bookworm-gcc-12-amd64-release.
-        config_name = build_config_name(os, architecture["platform"], build_type)
+        config_name = os["distro_name"]
+        if (n := os["distro_version"]) != "":
+            config_name += f"-{n}"
+        if (n := os["compiler_name"]) != "":
+            config_name += f"-{n}"
+        if (n := os["compiler_version"]) != "":
+            config_name += f"-{n}"
+        config_name += (
+            f"-{architecture['platform'][architecture['platform'].find('/')+1:]}"
+        )
+        config_name += f"-{build_type.lower()}"
         if "-Dcoverage=ON" in cmake_args:
             config_name += "-coverage"
         if "-Dunity=ON" in cmake_args:
@@ -355,19 +332,10 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
         required=False,
         type=Path,
     )
-    parser.add_argument(
-        "-p",
-        "--packaging",
-        help="Emit the packaging matrix (derived from the 'package' field on os entries) instead of the build/test matrix.",
-        action="store_true",
-    )
     args = parser.parse_args()
 
     matrix = []
-    if args.packaging:
-        config_path = args.config if args.config else THIS_DIR / "linux.json"
-        matrix += generate_packaging_matrix(read_config(config_path))
-    elif args.config is None or args.config == "":
+    if args.config is None or args.config == "":
         matrix += generate_strategy_matrix(
             args.all, read_config(THIS_DIR / "linux.json")
         )

.github/scripts/strategy-matrix/linux.json

@@ -127,8 +127,7 @@
       "distro_version": "9",
       "compiler_name": "gcc",
       "compiler_version": "12",
-      "image_sha": "4c086b9",
-      "package": true
+      "image_sha": "4c086b9"
     },
     {
       "distro_name": "rhel",
@@ -170,8 +169,7 @@
       "distro_version": "jammy",
       "compiler_name": "gcc",
       "compiler_version": "12",
-      "image_sha": "4c086b9",
-      "package": true
+      "image_sha": "4c086b9"
     },
     {
       "distro_name": "ubuntu",

.github/workflows/on-pr.yml

@@ -64,13 +64,11 @@ jobs:
             .github/workflows/reusable-build-test-config.yml
             .github/workflows/reusable-build-test.yml
             .github/workflows/reusable-clang-tidy.yml
-            .github/workflows/reusable-package.yml
             .github/workflows/reusable-strategy-matrix.yml
             .github/workflows/reusable-test.yml
             .github/workflows/reusable-upload-recipe.yml
             .clang-tidy
             .codecov.yml
-            cfg/**
             cmake/**
             conan/**
             external/**
@@ -80,10 +78,6 @@ jobs:
             CMakeLists.txt
             conanfile.py
             conan.lock
-            LICENSE.md
-            package/**
-            README.md
-
       - name: Check whether to run
         # This step determines whether the rest of the workflow should
         # run. The rest of the workflow will run if this job runs AND at
@@ -140,11 +134,6 @@ jobs:
     secrets:
       CODECOV_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
 
-  package:
-    needs: [should-run, build-test]
-    if: ${{ needs.should-run.outputs.go == 'true' }}
-    uses: ./.github/workflows/reusable-package.yml
-
   upload-recipe:
     needs:
       - should-run
@@ -179,7 +168,6 @@ jobs:
       - check-rename
       - clang-tidy
       - build-test
-      - package
       - upload-recipe
       - notify-clio
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest

.github/workflows/on-tag.yml

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-# This workflow uploads the libxrpl recipe to the Conan remote and builds
-# release packages when a versioned tag is pushed.
+# This workflow uploads the libxrpl recipe to the Conan remote when a versioned
+# tag is pushed.
 name: Tag
 
 on:
@@ -22,22 +22,3 @@ jobs:
     secrets:
       remote_username: ${{ secrets.CONAN_REMOTE_USERNAME }}
       remote_password: ${{ secrets.CONAN_REMOTE_PASSWORD }}
-
-  build-test:
-    if: ${{ github.repository == 'XRPLF/rippled' }}
-    uses: ./.github/workflows/reusable-build-test.yml
-    strategy:
-      fail-fast: true
-      matrix:
-        os: [linux]
-    with:
-      ccache_enabled: false
-      os: ${{ matrix.os }}
-      strategy_matrix: minimal
-    secrets:
-      CODECOV_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
-
-  package:
-    if: ${{ github.repository == 'XRPLF/rippled' }}
-    needs: build-test
-    uses: ./.github/workflows/reusable-package.yml

.github/workflows/on-trigger.yml

@@ -21,13 +21,11 @@ on:
       - ".github/workflows/reusable-build-test-config.yml"
       - ".github/workflows/reusable-build-test.yml"
       - ".github/workflows/reusable-clang-tidy.yml"
-      - ".github/workflows/reusable-package.yml"
       - ".github/workflows/reusable-strategy-matrix.yml"
       - ".github/workflows/reusable-test.yml"
       - ".github/workflows/reusable-upload-recipe.yml"
       - ".clang-tidy"
       - ".codecov.yml"
-      - "cfg/**"
       - "cmake/**"
       - "conan/**"
       - "external/**"
@@ -37,9 +35,6 @@ on:
       - "CMakeLists.txt"
       - "conanfile.py"
       - "conan.lock"
-      - "LICENSE.md"
-      - "package/**"
-      - "README.md"
 
   # Run at 06:32 UTC on every day of the week from Monday through Friday. This
   # will force all dependencies to be rebuilt, which is useful to verify that
@@ -100,7 +95,3 @@ jobs:
     secrets:
       remote_username: ${{ secrets.CONAN_REMOTE_USERNAME }}
       remote_password: ${{ secrets.CONAN_REMOTE_PASSWORD }}
-
-  package:
-    needs: build-test
-    uses: ./.github/workflows/reusable-package.yml

.github/workflows/reusable-build-test-config.yml

@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Build the binary
         working-directory: ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}
         env:
-          BUILD_NPROC: ${{ steps.nproc.outputs.nproc }}
+          BUILD_NPROC: ${{ runner.os == 'Linux' && '16' || steps.nproc.outputs.nproc }}
           BUILD_TYPE: ${{ inputs.build_type }}
           CMAKE_TARGET: ${{ inputs.cmake_target }}
         run: |

.github/workflows/reusable-package.yml

@@ -1,99 +0,0 @@
-# Build Linux packages (DEB and RPM) from pre-built binary artifacts.
-# Discovers which configurations to package from linux.json (os entries
-# with "package": true) and fans out one job per entry. Today only
-# linux/amd64 is emitted; the architecture is hardcoded both here
-# (runner) and in generate.py.
-name: Package
-
-on:
-  workflow_call:
-    inputs:
-      pkg_release:
-        description: "Package release number. Increment when repackaging the same executable."
-        required: false
-        type: string
-        default: "1"
-
-defaults:
-  run:
-    shell: bash
-
-env:
-  BUILD_DIR: build
-
-jobs:
-  generate-matrix:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    outputs:
-      matrix: ${{ steps.generate.outputs.matrix }}
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
-
-      - name: Set up Python
-        uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405 # v6.2.0
-        with:
-          python-version: 3.13
-
-      - name: Generate packaging matrix
-        id: generate
-        working-directory: .github/scripts/strategy-matrix
-        run: |
-          ./generate.py --packaging --config=linux.json >> "${GITHUB_OUTPUT}"
-
-  generate-version:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    outputs:
-      version: ${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
-        with:
-          sparse-checkout: |
-            .github/actions/generate-version
-            src/libxrpl/protocol/BuildInfo.cpp
-      - name: Generate version
-        id: version
-        uses: ./.github/actions/generate-version
-
-  package:
-    needs: [generate-matrix, generate-version]
-    if: ${{ github.event.repository.visibility == 'public' }}
-    strategy:
-      fail-fast: false
-      matrix: ${{ fromJson(needs.generate-matrix.outputs.matrix) }}
-    name: "${{ matrix.artifact_name }}"
-    permissions:
-      contents: read
-    runs-on: ["self-hosted", "Linux", "X64", "heavy"]
-    container: ${{ format('ghcr.io/xrplf/ci/{0}-{1}:{2}-{3}-sha-{4}', matrix.os.distro_name, matrix.os.distro_version, matrix.os.compiler_name, matrix.os.compiler_version, matrix.os.image_sha) }}
-    timeout-minutes: 30
-
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
-
-      - name: Download pre-built binary
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@3e5f45b2cfb9172054b4087a40e8e0b5a5461e7c # v8.0.1
-        with:
-          name: ${{ matrix.artifact_name }}
-          path: ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}
-
-      - name: Make binary executable
-        run: chmod +x "${BUILD_DIR}/xrpld"
-
-      - name: Build package
-        env:
-          PKG_VERSION: ${{ needs.generate-version.outputs.version }}
-          PKG_RELEASE: ${{ inputs.pkg_release }}
-        run: ./package/build_pkg.sh
-
-      - name: Upload package artifact
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
-        with:
-          name: ${{ matrix.artifact_name }}-pkg-${{ needs.generate-version.outputs.version }}
-          path: |
-            ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}/debbuild/*.deb
-            ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}/debbuild/*.ddeb
-            ${{ env.BUILD_DIR }}/rpmbuild/RPMS/**/*.rpm
-          if-no-files-found: error

BUILD.md

@@ -427,19 +427,16 @@ install ccache --version 4.11.3 --allow-downgrade`.
    Single-config generators:
 
    ```
-   cmake --build . --parallel N
+   cmake --build .
    ```
 
    Multi-config generators:
 
    ```
-   cmake --build . --config Release --parallel N
-   cmake --build . --config Debug --parallel N
+   cmake --build . --config Release
+   cmake --build . --config Debug
    ```
 
-   Replace the `--parallel` parameter N with the desired number of parallel jobs. A common starting point is half of the number of available CPU
-   cores.
-
 5. Test xrpld.
 
    Single-config generators:

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -23,11 +23,7 @@ include(CompilationEnv)
 
 if(is_gcc)
     # GCC-specific fixes
-    add_compile_options(
-        -Wno-unknown-pragmas
-        -Wno-subobject-linkage
-        -Wno-error=deprecated-declarations
-    )
+    add_compile_options(-Wno-unknown-pragmas -Wno-subobject-linkage)
     # -Wno-subobject-linkage can be removed when we upgrade GCC version to at least 13.3
 elseif(is_clang)
     # Clang-specific fixes
@@ -85,11 +81,7 @@ if(only_docs)
 endif()
 
 include(deps/Boost)
-find_package(OpenSSL 3.5.6 REQUIRED)
-set_target_properties(
-    OpenSSL::SSL
-    PROPERTIES INTERFACE_COMPILE_DEFINITIONS OPENSSL_NO_SSL2
-)
+
 add_subdirectory(external/antithesis-sdk)
 find_package(date REQUIRED)
 find_package(ed25519 REQUIRED)
@@ -142,7 +134,6 @@ endif()
 include(XrplCore)
 include(XrplProtocolAutogen)
 include(XrplInstall)
-include(XrplPackaging)
 include(XrplValidatorKeys)
 
 if(tests)

bin/pre-commit/clang_tidy_check.py

@@ -168,13 +168,7 @@ def main():
     if not os.environ.get("TIDY"):
         return 0
 
-    repo_root = Path(
-        subprocess.check_output(
-            ["git", "rev-parse", "--show-toplevel"],
-            cwd=Path(__file__).parent,
-            text=True,
-        ).strip()
-    )
+    repo_root = Path(__file__).parent.parent
     files = staged_files(repo_root)
     if not files:
         return 0

cfg/validators-example.txt

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
 #    https://vl.ripple.com
 #    https://unl.xrplf.org
 #    http://127.0.0.1:8000
-#    file:///etc/xrpld/vl.txt
+#    file:///etc/opt/xrpld/vl.txt
 #
 # [validator_list_keys]
 #

cfg/xrpld-example.cfg

@@ -1466,7 +1466,10 @@ admin = 127.0.0.1
 protocol = http
 
 [port_peer]
-port = 2459
+# Many servers still use the legacy port of 51235, so for backward-compatibility
+# we maintain that port number here. However, for new servers we recommend
+# changing this to the default port of 2459.
+port = 51235
 ip = 0.0.0.0
 # alternatively, to accept connections on IPv4 + IPv6, use:
 #ip = ::

cmake/XrplPackaging.cmake

@@ -1,44 +0,0 @@
-#[===================================================================[
-   Linux packaging support: 'package' target.
-
-   The packaging script (package/build_pkg.sh) installs to FHS-standard
-   paths (/usr/bin, /etc/xrpld, etc.) regardless of CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX,
-   so no prefix guard is needed here.
-#]===================================================================]
-if(NOT is_linux)
-    message(STATUS "Packaging not supported on non-Linux hosts")
-    return()
-endif()
-
-if(NOT DEFINED pkg_release)
-    set(pkg_release 1)
-endif()
-
-find_program(RPMBUILD_EXECUTABLE rpmbuild)
-find_program(DPKG_BUILDPACKAGE_EXECUTABLE dpkg-buildpackage)
-
-if(NOT (RPMBUILD_EXECUTABLE OR DPKG_BUILDPACKAGE_EXECUTABLE))
-    message(
-        STATUS
-        "Neither rpmbuild nor dpkg-buildpackage found; 'package' target not available"
-    )
-    return()
-endif()
-
-set(package_env
-    SRC_DIR=${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}
-    BUILD_DIR=${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}
-    PKG_VERSION=${xrpld_version}
-    PKG_RELEASE=${pkg_release}
-)
-
-add_custom_target(
-    package
-    COMMAND
-        ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E env ${package_env}
-        ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/package/build_pkg.sh
-    WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}
-    DEPENDS xrpld
-    COMMENT "Building Linux package (deb/rpm inferred from host tooling)"
-    VERBATIM
-)

conan.lock

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
         "rocksdb/10.5.1#4a197eca381a3e5ae8adf8cffa5aacd0%1765850186.86",
         "re2/20251105#8579cfd0bda4daf0683f9e3898f964b4%1774398111.888",
         "protobuf/6.33.5#d96d52ba5baaaa532f47bda866ad87a5%1774467363.12",
-        "openssl/3.5.6#13f8f30151479797ca8a7c014856f849%1775635548.661",
+        "openssl/3.6.2#4789bbf131b77d0515d15e094c8f697f%1778071755.506",
         "nudb/2.0.9#11149c73f8f2baff9a0198fe25971fc7%1775040983.408",
         "lz4/1.10.0#59fc63cac7f10fbe8e05c7e62c2f3504%1765850143.914",
         "libiconv/1.17#1e65319e945f2d31941a9d28cc13c058%1765842973.492",
@@ -58,9 +58,6 @@
         ],
         "lz4/[>=1.9.4 <2]": [
             "lz4/1.10.0#59fc63cac7f10fbe8e05c7e62c2f3504"
-        ],
-        "sqlite3/3.44.2": [
-            "sqlite3/3.49.1"
         ]
     },
     "config_requires": []

conanfile.py

@@ -4,8 +4,6 @@ from conan.tools.cmake import CMake, CMakeToolchain, cmake_layout
 
 from conan import ConanFile
 
-import subprocess
-
 
 class Xrpl(ConanFile):
     name = "xrpl"
@@ -33,7 +31,7 @@ class Xrpl(ConanFile):
         "grpc/1.78.1",
         "libarchive/3.8.7",
         "nudb/2.0.9",
-        "openssl/3.5.6",
+        "openssl/3.6.2",
         "secp256k1/0.7.1",
         "soci/4.0.3",
         "zlib/1.3.2",

cspell.config.yaml

@@ -99,15 +99,12 @@ words:
   - desync
   - desynced
   - determ
-  - disablerepo
   - distro
   - doxyfile
   - dxrpl
   - enabled
-  - enablerepo
   - endmacro
   - exceptioned
-  - EXPECT_STREQ
   - Falco
   - fcontext
   - finalizers
@@ -165,7 +162,6 @@ words:
   - Merkle
   - Metafuncton
   - misprediction
-  - missingok
   - mptbalance
   - MPTDEX
   - mptflags
@@ -197,9 +193,7 @@ words:
   - NOLINT
   - NOLINTNEXTLINE
   - nonxrp
-  - noreplace
   - noripple
-  - notifempty
   - nudb
   - nullptr
   - nunl
@@ -219,7 +213,6 @@ words:
   - preauthorize
   - preauthorizes
   - preclaim
-  - preun
   - protobuf
   - protos
   - ptrs
@@ -254,14 +247,12 @@ words:
   - sfields
   - shamap
   - shamapitem
-  - shlibs
   - sidechain
   - SIGGOOD
   - sle
   - sles
   - soci
   - socidb
-  - SRPMS
   - sslws
   - statsd
   - STATSDCOLLECTOR
@@ -289,8 +280,8 @@ words:
   - txn
   - txns
   - txs
-  - ubsan
   - UBSAN
+  - ubsan
   - umant
   - unacquired
   - unambiguity
@@ -327,6 +318,7 @@ words:
   - xbridge
   - xchain
   - ximinez
+  - EXPECT_STREQ
   - XMACRO
   - xrpkuwait
   - xrpl

include/xrpl/basics/TaggedCache.h

@@ -181,14 +181,14 @@ private:
             beast::insight::Collector::ptr const& collector)
             : hook(collector->makeHook(handler))
             , size(collector->makeGauge(prefix, "size"))
-            , hitRate(collector->makeGauge(prefix, "hit_rate"))
+            , hit_rate(collector->makeGauge(prefix, "hit_rate"))
 
         {
         }
 
         beast::insight::Hook hook;
         beast::insight::Gauge size;
-        beast::insight::Gauge hitRate;
+        beast::insight::Gauge hit_rate;
 
         std::size_t hits{0};
         std::size_t misses{0};
@@ -197,16 +197,16 @@ private:
     class KeyOnlyEntry
     {
     public:
-        clock_type::time_point lastAccess;
+        clock_type::time_point last_access;
 
-        explicit KeyOnlyEntry(clock_type::time_point const& lastAccess) : lastAccess(lastAccess)
+        explicit KeyOnlyEntry(clock_type::time_point const& lastAccess) : last_access(lastAccess)
         {
         }
 
         void
         touch(clock_type::time_point const& now)
         {
-            lastAccess = now;
+            last_access = now;
         }
     };
 
@@ -214,10 +214,10 @@ private:
     {
     public:
         shared_weak_combo_pointer_type ptr;
-        clock_type::time_point lastAccess;
+        clock_type::time_point last_access;
 
         ValueEntry(clock_type::time_point const& lastAccess, shared_pointer_type const& ptr)
-            : ptr(ptr), lastAccess(lastAccess)
+            : ptr(ptr), last_access(lastAccess)
         {
         }
 
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ private:
         void
         touch(clock_type::time_point const& now)
         {
-            lastAccess = now;
+            last_access = now;
         }
     };
 
@@ -286,13 +286,13 @@ private:
     std::string name_;
 
     // Desired number of cache entries (0 = ignore)
-    int const targetSize_;
+    int const target_size_;
 
     // Desired maximum cache age
-    clock_type::duration const targetAge_;
+    clock_type::duration const target_age_;
 
     // Number of items cached
-    int cacheCount_{0};
+    int cache_count_{0};
     cache_type cache_;  // Hold strong reference to recent objects
     std::uint64_t hits_{0};
     std::uint64_t misses_{0};

include/xrpl/basics/TaggedCache.ipp

@@ -34,8 +34,8 @@ inline TaggedCache<
     , clock_(clock)
     , stats_(name, std::bind(&TaggedCache::collectMetrics, this), collector)
     , name_(name)
-    , targetSize_(size)
-    , targetAge_(expiration)
+    , target_size_(size)
+    , target_age_(expiration)
 {
 }
 
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ TaggedCache<Key, T, IsKeyCache, SharedWeakUnionPointer, SharedPointerType, Hash,
     getCacheSize() const
 {
     std::scoped_lock const lock(mutex_);
-    return cacheCount_;
+    return cache_count_;
 }
 
 template <
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ TaggedCache<Key, T, IsKeyCache, SharedWeakUnionPointer, SharedPointerType, Hash,
 {
     std::scoped_lock const lock(mutex_);
     cache_.clear();
-    cacheCount_ = 0;
+    cache_count_ = 0;
 }
 
 template <
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ TaggedCache<Key, T, IsKeyCache, SharedWeakUnionPointer, SharedPointerType, Hash,
 {
     std::scoped_lock const lock(mutex_);
     cache_.clear();
-    cacheCount_ = 0;
+    cache_count_ = 0;
     hits_ = 0;
     misses_ = 0;
 }
@@ -213,21 +213,21 @@ TaggedCache<Key, T, IsKeyCache, SharedWeakUnionPointer, SharedPointerType, Hash,
     {
         std::scoped_lock const lock(mutex_);
 
-        if (targetSize_ == 0 || (static_cast<int>(cache_.size()) <= targetSize_))
+        if (target_size_ == 0 || (static_cast<int>(cache_.size()) <= target_size_))
         {
-            whenExpire = now - targetAge_;
+            whenExpire = now - target_age_;
         }
         else
         {
-            whenExpire = now - (targetAge_ * targetSize_ / cache_.size());
+            whenExpire = now - (target_age_ * target_size_ / cache_.size());
 
             clock_type::duration const minimumAge(std::chrono::seconds(1));
             if (whenExpire > (now - minimumAge))
                 whenExpire = now - minimumAge;
 
             JLOG(journal_.trace())
-                << name_ << " is growing fast " << cache_.size() << " of " << targetSize_
-                << " aging at " << (now - whenExpire).count() << " of " << targetAge_.count();
+                << name_ << " is growing fast " << cache_.size() << " of " << target_size_
+                << " aging at " << (now - whenExpire).count() << " of " << target_age_.count();
         }
 
         std::vector<std::thread> workers;
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ TaggedCache<Key, T, IsKeyCache, SharedWeakUnionPointer, SharedPointerType, Hash,
         for (std::thread& worker : workers)
             worker.join();
 
-        cacheCount_ -= allRemovals;
+        cache_count_ -= allRemovals;
     }
     // At this point allStuffToSweep will go out of scope outside the lock
     // and decrement the reference count on each strong pointer.
@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ TaggedCache<Key, T, IsKeyCache, SharedWeakUnionPointer, SharedPointerType, Hash,
 
     if (entry.isCached())
     {
-        --cacheCount_;
+        --cache_count_;
         entry.ptr.convertToWeak();
         ret = true;
     }
@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ TaggedCache<Key, T, IsKeyCache, SharedWeakUnionPointer, SharedPointerType, Hash,
             std::piecewise_construct,
             std::forward_as_tuple(key),
             std::forward_as_tuple(clock_.now(), data));
-        ++cacheCount_;
+        ++cache_count_;
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -366,12 +366,12 @@ TaggedCache<Key, T, IsKeyCache, SharedWeakUnionPointer, SharedPointerType, Hash,
             data = cachedData;
         }
 
-        ++cacheCount_;
+        ++cache_count_;
         return true;
     }
 
     entry.ptr = data;
-    ++cacheCount_;
+    ++cache_count_;
 
     return false;
 }
@@ -477,7 +477,7 @@ TaggedCache<Key, T, IsKeyCache, SharedWeakUnionPointer, SharedPointerType, Hash,
     auto [it, inserted] = cache_.emplace(
         std::piecewise_construct, std::forward_as_tuple(key), std::forward_as_tuple(now));
     if (!inserted)
-        it->second.lastAccess = now;
+        it->second.last_access = now;
     return inserted;
 }
 
@@ -626,7 +626,7 @@ TaggedCache<Key, T, IsKeyCache, SharedWeakUnionPointer, SharedPointerType, Hash,
     if (entry.isCached())
     {
         // independent of cache size, so not counted as a hit
-        ++cacheCount_;
+        ++cache_count_;
         entry.touch(clock_.now());
         return entry.ptr.getStrong();
     }
@@ -658,7 +658,7 @@ TaggedCache<Key, T, IsKeyCache, SharedWeakUnionPointer, SharedPointerType, Hash,
             if (total != 0)
                 hitRate = (hits_ * 100) / total;
         }
-        stats_.hitRate.set(hitRate);
+        stats_.hit_rate.set(hitRate);
     }
 }
 
@@ -706,7 +706,7 @@ TaggedCache<Key, T, IsKeyCache, SharedWeakUnionPointer, SharedPointerType, Hash,
                         ++cit;
                     }
                 }
-                else if (cit->second.lastAccess <= whenExpire)
+                else if (cit->second.last_access <= whenExpire)
                 {
                     // strong, expired
                     ++cacheRemovals;
@@ -773,12 +773,12 @@ TaggedCache<Key, T, IsKeyCache, SharedWeakUnionPointer, SharedPointerType, Hash,
             auto cit = partition.begin();
             while (cit != partition.end())
             {
-                if (cit->second.lastAccess > now)
+                if (cit->second.last_access > now)
                 {
-                    cit->second.lastAccess = now;
+                    cit->second.last_access = now;
                     ++cit;
                 }
-                else if (cit->second.lastAccess <= whenExpire)
+                else if (cit->second.last_access <= whenExpire)
                 {
                     cit = partition.erase(cit);
                 }

include/xrpl/basics/scope.h

@@ -24,20 +24,20 @@ namespace xrpl {
 template <class EF>
 class ScopeExit
 {
-    EF exitFunction_;
-    bool executeOnDestruction_{true};
+    EF exit_function_;
+    bool execute_on_destruction_{true};
 
 public:
     ~ScopeExit()
     {
-        if (executeOnDestruction_)
-            exitFunction_();
+        if (execute_on_destruction_)
+            exit_function_();
     }
 
     ScopeExit(ScopeExit&& rhs) noexcept(
         std::is_nothrow_move_constructible_v<EF> || std::is_nothrow_copy_constructible_v<EF>)
-        : exitFunction_{std::forward<EF>(rhs.exitFunction_)}
-        , executeOnDestruction_{rhs.executeOnDestruction_}
+        : exit_function_{std::forward<EF>(rhs.exit_function_)}
+        , execute_on_destruction_{rhs.execute_on_destruction_}
     {
         rhs.release();
     }
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ public:
         std::enable_if_t<
             !std::is_same_v<std::remove_cv_t<EFP>, ScopeExit> &&
             std::is_constructible_v<EF, EFP>>* = 0) noexcept
-        : exitFunction_{std::forward<EFP>(f)}
+        : exit_function_{std::forward<EFP>(f)}
     {
         static_assert(std::is_nothrow_constructible_v<EF, decltype(std::forward<EFP>(f))>);
     }
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ public:
     void
     release() noexcept
     {
-        executeOnDestruction_ = false;
+        execute_on_destruction_ = false;
     }
 };
 
@@ -69,22 +69,22 @@ ScopeExit(EF) -> ScopeExit<EF>;
 template <class EF>
 class ScopeFail
 {
-    EF exitFunction_;
-    bool executeOnDestruction_{true};
-    int uncaughtOnCreation_{std::uncaught_exceptions()};
+    EF exit_function_;
+    bool execute_on_destruction_{true};
+    int uncaught_on_creation_{std::uncaught_exceptions()};
 
 public:
     ~ScopeFail()
     {
-        if (executeOnDestruction_ && std::uncaught_exceptions() > uncaughtOnCreation_)
-            exitFunction_();
+        if (execute_on_destruction_ && std::uncaught_exceptions() > uncaught_on_creation_)
+            exit_function_();
     }
 
     ScopeFail(ScopeFail&& rhs) noexcept(
         std::is_nothrow_move_constructible_v<EF> || std::is_nothrow_copy_constructible_v<EF>)
-        : exitFunction_{std::forward<EF>(rhs.exitFunction_)}
-        , executeOnDestruction_{rhs.executeOnDestruction_}
-        , uncaughtOnCreation_{rhs.uncaughtOnCreation_}
+        : exit_function_{std::forward<EF>(rhs.exit_function_)}
+        , execute_on_destruction_{rhs.execute_on_destruction_}
+        , uncaught_on_creation_{rhs.uncaught_on_creation_}
     {
         rhs.release();
     }
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ public:
         std::enable_if_t<
             !std::is_same_v<std::remove_cv_t<EFP>, ScopeFail> &&
             std::is_constructible_v<EF, EFP>>* = 0) noexcept
-        : exitFunction_{std::forward<EFP>(f)}
+        : exit_function_{std::forward<EFP>(f)}
     {
         static_assert(std::is_nothrow_constructible_v<EF, decltype(std::forward<EFP>(f))>);
     }
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ public:
     void
     release() noexcept
     {
-        executeOnDestruction_ = false;
+        execute_on_destruction_ = false;
     }
 };
 
@@ -116,22 +116,22 @@ ScopeFail(EF) -> ScopeFail<EF>;
 template <class EF>
 class ScopeSuccess
 {
-    EF exitFunction_;
-    bool executeOnDestruction_{true};
-    int uncaughtOnCreation_{std::uncaught_exceptions()};
+    EF exit_function_;
+    bool execute_on_destruction_{true};
+    int uncaught_on_creation_{std::uncaught_exceptions()};
 
 public:
-    ~ScopeSuccess() noexcept(noexcept(exitFunction_()))
+    ~ScopeSuccess() noexcept(noexcept(exit_function_()))
     {
-        if (executeOnDestruction_ && std::uncaught_exceptions() <= uncaughtOnCreation_)
-            exitFunction_();
+        if (execute_on_destruction_ && std::uncaught_exceptions() <= uncaught_on_creation_)
+            exit_function_();
     }
 
     ScopeSuccess(ScopeSuccess&& rhs) noexcept(
         std::is_nothrow_move_constructible_v<EF> || std::is_nothrow_copy_constructible_v<EF>)
-        : exitFunction_{std::forward<EF>(rhs.exitFunction_)}
-        , executeOnDestruction_{rhs.executeOnDestruction_}
-        , uncaughtOnCreation_{rhs.uncaughtOnCreation_}
+        : exit_function_{std::forward<EF>(rhs.exit_function_)}
+        , execute_on_destruction_{rhs.execute_on_destruction_}
+        , uncaught_on_creation_{rhs.uncaught_on_creation_}
     {
         rhs.release();
     }
@@ -146,14 +146,14 @@ public:
             !std::is_same_v<std::remove_cv_t<EFP>, ScopeSuccess> &&
             std::is_constructible_v<EF, EFP>>* =
             0) noexcept(std::is_nothrow_constructible_v<EF, EFP> || std::is_nothrow_constructible_v<EF, EFP&>)
-        : exitFunction_{std::forward<EFP>(f)}
+        : exit_function_{std::forward<EFP>(f)}
     {
     }
 
     void
     release() noexcept
     {
-        executeOnDestruction_ = false;
+        execute_on_destruction_ = false;
     }
 };
 

include/xrpl/beast/unit_test/reporter.h

@@ -77,8 +77,8 @@ private:
 
     std::ostream& os_;
     Results results_;
-    SuiteResults suiteResults_;
-    CaseResults caseResults_;
+    SuiteResults suite_results_;
+    CaseResults case_results_;
 
 public:
     Reporter(Reporter const&) = delete;
@@ -196,22 +196,22 @@ template <class Unused>
 void
 Reporter<Unused>::onSuiteBegin(SuiteInfo const& info)
 {
-    suiteResults_ = SuiteResults{info.fullName()};
+    suite_results_ = SuiteResults{info.fullName()};
 }
 
 template <class Unused>
 void
 Reporter<Unused>::onSuiteEnd()
 {
-    results_.add(suiteResults_);
+    results_.add(suite_results_);
 }
 
 template <class Unused>
 void
 Reporter<Unused>::onCaseBegin(std::string const& name)
 {
-    caseResults_ = CaseResults(name);
-    os_ << suiteResults_.name << (caseResults_.name.empty() ? "" : (" " + caseResults_.name))
+    case_results_ = CaseResults(name);
+    os_ << suite_results_.name << (case_results_.name.empty() ? "" : (" " + case_results_.name))
         << std::endl;
 }
 
@@ -219,23 +219,23 @@ template <class Unused>
 void
 Reporter<Unused>::onCaseEnd()
 {
-    suiteResults_.add(caseResults_);
+    suite_results_.add(case_results_);
 }
 
 template <class Unused>
 void
 Reporter<Unused>::onPass()
 {
-    ++caseResults_.total;
+    ++case_results_.total;
 }
 
 template <class Unused>
 void
 Reporter<Unused>::onFail(std::string const& reason)
 {
-    ++caseResults_.failed;
-    ++caseResults_.total;
-    os_ << "#" << caseResults_.total << " failed" << (reason.empty() ? "" : ": ") << reason
+    ++case_results_.failed;
+    ++case_results_.total;
+    os_ << "#" << case_results_.total << " failed" << (reason.empty() ? "" : ": ") << reason
         << std::endl;
 }
 

include/xrpl/core/Coro.ipp

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ inline bool
 JobQueue::Coro::post()
 {
     {
-        std::scoped_lock const lk(mutexRun_);
+        std::scoped_lock const lk(mutex_run_);
         running_ = true;
     }
 
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ JobQueue::Coro::post()
     }
 
     // The coroutine will not run.  Clean up running_.
-    std::scoped_lock const lk(mutexRun_);
+    std::scoped_lock const lk(mutex_run_);
     running_ = false;
     cv_.notify_all();
     return false;
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ inline void
 JobQueue::Coro::resume()
 {
     {
-        std::scoped_lock const lk(mutexRun_);
+        std::scoped_lock const lk(mutex_run_);
         running_ = true;
     }
     {
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ JobQueue::Coro::resume()
     }
     detail::getLocalValues().release();
     detail::getLocalValues().reset(saved);
-    std::scoped_lock const lk(mutexRun_);
+    std::scoped_lock const lk(mutex_run_);
     running_ = false;
     cv_.notify_all();
 }
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ JobQueue::Coro::expectEarlyExit()
 inline void
 JobQueue::Coro::join()
 {
-    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lk(mutexRun_);
+    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lk(mutex_run_);
     cv_.wait(lk, [this]() { return !running_; });
 }
 

include/xrpl/core/Job.h

@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ private:
     std::function<void()> job_;
     std::shared_ptr<LoadEvent> loadEvent_;
     std::string name_;
-    clock_type::time_point queueTime_;
+    clock_type::time_point queue_time_;
 };
 
 using JobCounter = ClosureCounter<void>;

include/xrpl/core/JobQueue.h

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ public:
         std::string name_;
         bool running_{false};
         std::mutex mutex_;
-        std::mutex mutexRun_;
+        std::mutex mutex_run_;
         std::condition_variable cv_;
         boost::coroutines2::coroutine<void>::push_type* yield_{};
         boost::coroutines2::coroutine<void>::pull_type coro_;
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ private:
     // Statistics tracking
     perf::PerfLog& perfLog_;
     beast::insight::Collector::ptr collector_;
-    beast::insight::Gauge jobCount_;
+    beast::insight::Gauge job_count_;
     beast::insight::Hook hook_;
 
     std::condition_variable cv_;

include/xrpl/json/Writer.h

@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ public:
      *  While the JSON spec doesn't explicitly disallow this, you should avoid
      *  calling this method twice with the same tag for the same object.
      *
-     *  If CHECK_JSON_WRITER is defined, this function throws an exception if
+     *  If CHECK_JSON_WRITER is defined, this function throws an exception if if
      *  the tag you use has already been used in this object.
      */
     template <typename Type>

include/xrpl/ledger/BookDirs.h

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ class BookDirs
 private:
     ReadView const* view_ = nullptr;
     uint256 const root_;
-    uint256 const nextQuality_;
+    uint256 const next_quality_;
     uint256 const key_;
     std::shared_ptr<SLE const> sle_ = nullptr;
     unsigned int entry_ = 0;
@@ -67,15 +67,15 @@ private:
     friend class BookDirs;
 
     const_iterator(ReadView const& view, uint256 const& root, uint256 const& dirKey)
-        : view_(&view), root_(root), key_(dirKey), curKey_(dirKey)
+        : view_(&view), root_(root), key_(dirKey), cur_key_(dirKey)
     {
     }
 
     ReadView const* view_ = nullptr;
     uint256 root_;
-    uint256 nextQuality_;
+    uint256 next_quality_;
     uint256 key_;
-    uint256 curKey_;
+    uint256 cur_key_;
     std::shared_ptr<SLE const> sle_;
     unsigned int entry_ = 0;
     uint256 index_;

include/xrpl/ledger/OpenView.h

@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ private:
 
     // monotonic_resource_ must outlive `items_`. Make a pointer so it may be
     // easily moved.
-    std::unique_ptr<boost::container::pmr::monotonic_buffer_resource> monotonicResource_;
+    std::unique_ptr<boost::container::pmr::monotonic_buffer_resource> monotonic_resource_;
     txs_map txs_;
     Rules rules_;
     LedgerHeader header_;

include/xrpl/ledger/View.h

@@ -19,6 +19,11 @@
 
 namespace xrpl {
 
+// Forward declarations for SLE wrappers
+template <typename ViewT>
+class AccountRoot;
+using RAccountRoot = AccountRoot<ReadView>;
+
 enum class SkipEntry : bool { No = false, Yes };
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -57,7 +62,7 @@ isVaultPseudoAccountFrozen(
     ReadView const& view,
     AccountID const& account,
     MPTIssue const& mptShare,
-    std::uint8_t depth);
+    int depth);
 
 [[nodiscard]] bool
 isLPTokenFrozen(
@@ -157,7 +162,7 @@ canWithdraw(
     ReadView const& view,
     AccountID const& from,
     AccountID const& to,
-    SLE::const_ref toSle,
+    RAccountRoot const& toWrapped,
     STAmount const& amount,
     bool hasDestinationTag);
 

include/xrpl/ledger/detail/RawStateTable.h

@@ -22,14 +22,14 @@ public:
     static constexpr size_t kInitialBufferSize = kilobytes(256);
 
     RawStateTable()
-        : monotonicResource_{std::make_unique<boost::container::pmr::monotonic_buffer_resource>(
+        : monotonic_resource_{std::make_unique<boost::container::pmr::monotonic_buffer_resource>(
               kInitialBufferSize)}
-        , items_{monotonicResource_.get()} {};
+        , items_{monotonic_resource_.get()} {};
 
     RawStateTable(RawStateTable const& rhs)
-        : monotonicResource_{std::make_unique<boost::container::pmr::monotonic_buffer_resource>(
+        : monotonic_resource_{std::make_unique<boost::container::pmr::monotonic_buffer_resource>(
               kInitialBufferSize)}
-        , items_{rhs.items_, monotonicResource_.get()}
+        , items_{rhs.items_, monotonic_resource_.get()}
         , dropsDestroyed_{rhs.dropsDestroyed_} {};
 
     RawStateTable(RawStateTable&&) = default;
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ private:
         boost::container::pmr::polymorphic_allocator<std::pair<key_type const, SleAction>>>;
     // monotonic_resource_ must outlive `items_`. Make a pointer so it may be
     // easily moved.
-    std::unique_ptr<boost::container::pmr::monotonic_buffer_resource> monotonicResource_;
+    std::unique_ptr<boost::container::pmr::monotonic_buffer_resource> monotonic_resource_;
     items_t items_;
 
     XRPAmount dropsDestroyed_{0};

include/xrpl/ledger/helpers/AccountRootHelpers.h

@@ -2,8 +2,10 @@
 
 #include <xrpl/basics/Expected.h>
 #include <xrpl/beast/utility/Journal.h>
+#include <xrpl/beast/utility/instrumentation.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/ApplyView.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/ReadView.h>
+#include <xrpl/ledger/helpers/SLEBase.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Indexes.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Rate.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/STLedgerEntry.h>
@@ -15,46 +17,160 @@
 
 namespace xrpl {
 
-/** Check if the issuer has the global freeze flag set.
-    @param issuer The account to check
-    @return true if the account has global freeze set
-*/
-[[nodiscard]] bool
-isGlobalFrozen(ReadView const& view, AccountID const& issuer);
-
-// Calculate liquid XRP balance for an account.
-// This function may be used to calculate the amount of XRP that
-// the holder is able to freely spend. It subtracts reserve requirements.
-//
-// ownerCountAdj adjusts the owner count in case the caller calculates
-// before ledger entries are added or removed. Positive to add, negative
-// to subtract.
-//
-// @param ownerCountAdj positive to add to count, negative to reduce count.
-[[nodiscard]] XRPAmount
-xrpLiquid(ReadView const& view, AccountID const& id, std::int32_t ownerCountAdj, beast::Journal j);
-
-/** Adjust the owner count up or down. */
-void
-adjustOwnerCount(
-    ApplyView& view,
-    std::shared_ptr<SLE> const& sle,
-    std::int32_t amount,
-    beast::Journal j);
-
-/** Returns IOU issuer transfer fee as Rate. Rate specifies
- * the fee as fractions of 1 billion. For example, 1% transfer rate
- * is represented as 1,010,000,000.
- * @param issuer The IOU issuer
+/**
+ * View-parameterized wrapper for AccountRoot ledger entries.
+ *
+ * AccountRoot<ReadView>  — read-only access to account data
+ * AccountRoot<ApplyView> — read-write access, with insert/update/erase
+ *                          and domain-specific write methods
  */
-[[nodiscard]] Rate
-transferRate(ReadView const& view, AccountID const& issuer);
+template <typename ViewT>
+class AccountRoot : public SLEBase<ViewT>
+{
+    static constexpr bool kIsWritable = SLEBase<ViewT>::kIsWritable;
+
+    AccountID const id_;
+
+public:
+    /** Constructor for read-only context */
+    AccountRoot(
+        AccountID const& id,
+        ReadView const& view,
+        beast::Journal j = beast::Journal{beast::Journal::getNullSink()})
+        requires(!kIsWritable)
+        : SLEBase<ViewT>(view.read(keylet::account(id)), view, j), id_(id)
+    {
+    }
+
+    /** Constructor for writable context */
+    AccountRoot(
+        AccountID const& id,
+        ApplyView& view,
+        beast::Journal j = beast::Journal{beast::Journal::getNullSink()})
+        requires kIsWritable
+        : SLEBase<ViewT>(keylet::account(id), view, j), id_(id)
+    {
+    }
+
+    /** Converting constructor: writable → read-only. */
+    template <WritableView OtherViewT>
+    AccountRoot(AccountRoot<OtherViewT> const& other)
+        requires(!kIsWritable)
+        : SLEBase<ViewT>(other), id_(other.id())
+    {
+    }
+
+    /** Create an AccountRoot backed by a brand-new SLE.
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]] static AccountRoot
+    makeNew(
+        AccountID const& id,
+        ApplyView& view,
+        beast::Journal j = beast::Journal{beast::Journal::getNullSink()})
+        requires kIsWritable
+    {
+        return AccountRoot(id, view, j, std::make_shared<SLE>(keylet::account(id)));
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] AccountID const&
+    id() const
+    {
+        return id_;
+    }
+
+    // --- Read-only domain methods (available on both specializations) ---
+
+    /** Check if the issuer has the global freeze flag set.
+        @return true if the account has global freeze set
+    */
+    [[nodiscard]] bool
+    isGlobalFrozen() const;
+
+    /** Returns IOU issuer transfer fee as Rate. Rate specifies
+     * the fee as fractions of 1 billion. For example, 1% transfer rate
+     * is represented as 1,010,000,000.
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]] Rate
+    transferRate() const;
+
+    // Calculate liquid XRP balance for an account.
+    // This function may be used to calculate the amount of XRP that
+    // the holder is able to freely spend. It subtracts reserve requirements.
+    //
+    // ownerCountAdj adjusts the owner count in case the caller calculates
+    // before ledger entries are added or removed. Positive to add, negative
+    // to subtract.
+    //
+    // @param ownerCountAdj positive to add to count, negative to reduce count.
+    [[nodiscard]] XRPAmount
+    xrpLiquid(std::int32_t ownerCountAdj) const;
+
+    /** Checks the destination and tag.
+
+       - Checks that the SLE is not null.
+       - If the SLE requires a destination tag, checks that there is a tag.
+    */
+    [[nodiscard]] TER
+    checkDestinationAndTag(bool hasDestinationTag) const;
+
+    /** Returns true if and only if sleAcct is a pseudo-account or specific
+        pseudo-accounts in pseudoFieldFilter.
+
+        Returns false if sleAcct is:
+        - NOT a pseudo-account OR
+        - NOT a ltACCOUNT_ROOT OR
+        - null pointer
+    */
+    [[nodiscard]] bool
+    isPseudoAccount(std::set<SField const*> const& pseudoFieldFilter = {}) const;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] bool
+    operator==(AccountRoot const& other) const
+    {
+        return id_ == other.id_;
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] bool
+    operator==(AccountID const& other) const
+    {
+        return id_ == other;
+    }
+
+    // --- Write-only domain methods (compile-time gated) ---
+
+    /** Adjust the owner count up or down. */
+    void
+    adjustOwnerCount(std::int32_t amount)
+        requires kIsWritable;
+
+private:
+    // Private constructor only used by `makeNew`
+    AccountRoot(AccountID const& id, ApplyView& view, beast::Journal j, std::shared_ptr<SLE> sle)
+        requires kIsWritable
+        : SLEBase<ViewT>(std::move(sle), view, j), id_(id)
+    {
+        this->insert();
+    }
+};
+
+// CTAD deduction guide — bare AccountRoot(id, view) always deduces read-only.
+// For writable access, use WAccountRoot(id, applyView) explicitly.
+AccountRoot(AccountID const&, ReadView const&) -> AccountRoot<ReadView>;
+AccountRoot(AccountID const&, ReadView const&, beast::Journal) -> AccountRoot<ReadView>;
+
+// Backward-compatible aliases
+using RAccountRoot = AccountRoot<ReadView>;
+using WAccountRoot = AccountRoot<ApplyView>;
+
+// Explicit instantiation declarations (definitions in .cpp)
+extern template class AccountRoot<ReadView>;
+extern template class AccountRoot<ApplyView>;
 
 /** Generate a pseudo-account address from a pseudo owner key.
     @param pseudoOwnerKey The key to generate the address from
     @return The generated account ID
 */
-AccountID
+[[nodiscard]] AccountID
 pseudoAccountAddress(ReadView const& view, uint256 const& pseudoOwnerKey);
 
 /** Returns the list of fields that define an ACCOUNT_ROOT as a pseudo-account
@@ -67,29 +183,6 @@ pseudoAccountAddress(ReadView const& view, uint256 const& pseudoOwnerKey);
 [[nodiscard]] std::vector<SField const*> const&
 getPseudoAccountFields();
 
-/** Returns true if and only if sleAcct is a pseudo-account or specific
-    pseudo-accounts in pseudoFieldFilter.
-
-    Returns false if sleAcct is:
-    - NOT a pseudo-account OR
-    - NOT a ltACCOUNT_ROOT OR
-    - null pointer
-*/
-[[nodiscard]] bool
-isPseudoAccount(
-    std::shared_ptr<SLE const> sleAcct,
-    std::set<SField const*> const& pseudoFieldFilter = {});
-
-/** Convenience overload that reads the account from the view. */
-[[nodiscard]] inline bool
-isPseudoAccount(
-    ReadView const& view,
-    AccountID const& accountId,
-    std::set<SField const*> const& pseudoFieldFilter = {})
-{
-    return isPseudoAccount(view.read(keylet::account(accountId)), pseudoFieldFilter);
-}
-
 /**
  * Create pseudo-account, storing pseudoOwnerKey into ownerField.
  *
@@ -101,12 +194,4 @@ isPseudoAccount(
 [[nodiscard]] Expected<std::shared_ptr<SLE>, TER>
 createPseudoAccount(ApplyView& view, uint256 const& pseudoOwnerKey, SField const& ownerField);
 
-/** Checks the destination and tag.
-
-   - Checks that the SLE is not null.
-   - If the SLE requires a destination tag, checks that there is a tag.
-*/
-[[nodiscard]] TER
-checkDestinationAndTag(SLE::const_ref toSle, bool hasDestinationTag);
-
 }  // namespace xrpl

include/xrpl/ledger/helpers/CredentialHelpers.h

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #include <xrpl/beast/utility/Journal.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/ApplyView.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/ReadView.h>
+#include <xrpl/ledger/helpers/AccountRootHelpers.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/AccountID.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/STArray.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/STTx.h>
@@ -69,8 +70,7 @@ verifyDepositPreauth(
     STTx const& tx,
     ApplyView& view,
     AccountID const& src,
-    AccountID const& dst,
-    std::shared_ptr<SLE const> const& sleDst,
+    RAccountRoot const& dst,
     beast::Journal j);
 
 }  // namespace xrpl

include/xrpl/ledger/helpers/EscrowHelpers.h

@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@
 #include <xrpl/protocol/MPTAmount.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Rate.h>
 
+#include <variant>
+
 namespace xrpl {
 
 template <ValidIssueType T>
@@ -18,7 +20,7 @@ TER
 escrowUnlockApplyHelper(
     ApplyView& view,
     Rate lockedRate,
-    std::shared_ptr<SLE> const& sleDest,
+    std::variant<std::shared_ptr<SLE>, WAccountRoot> dest,
     STAmount const& xrpBalance,
     STAmount const& amount,
     AccountID const& issuer,
@@ -32,7 +34,7 @@ inline TER
 escrowUnlockApplyHelper<Issue>(
     ApplyView& view,
     Rate lockedRate,
-    std::shared_ptr<SLE> const& sleDest,
+    std::variant<std::shared_ptr<SLE>, WAccountRoot> dest,
     STAmount const& xrpBalance,
     STAmount const& amount,
     AccountID const& issuer,
@@ -55,8 +57,14 @@ escrowUnlockApplyHelper<Issue>(
 
     if (!view.exists(trustLineKey) && createAsset)
     {
+        // For backwards compatibility: if dest is not WAccountRoot, return error
+        if (!std::holds_alternative<WAccountRoot>(dest))
+            return tefEXCEPTION;
+
+        auto& wrappedDest = std::get<WAccountRoot>(dest);
+
         // Can the account cover the trust line's reserve?
-        if (std::uint32_t const ownerCount = {sleDest->at(sfOwnerCount)};
+        if (std::uint32_t const ownerCount = {wrappedDest->at(sfOwnerCount)};
             xrpBalance < view.fees().accountReserve(ownerCount + 1))
         {
             JLOG(journal.trace()) << "Trust line does not exist. "
@@ -69,28 +77,28 @@ escrowUnlockApplyHelper<Issue>(
         STAmount initialBalance(issue);
         initialBalance.get<Issue>().account = noAccount();
 
-        if (TER const ter = trustCreate(
-                view,                                // payment sandbox
-                recvLow,                             // is dest low?
-                issuer,                              // source
-                receiver,                            // destination
-                trustLineKey.key,                    // ledger index
-                sleDest,                             // Account to add to
-                false,                               // authorize account
-                !sleDest->isFlag(lsfDefaultRipple),  //
-                false,                               // freeze trust line
-                false,                               // deep freeze trust line
-                initialBalance,                      // zero initial balance
-                Issue(currency, receiver),           // limit of zero
-                0,                                   // quality in
-                0,                                   // quality out
-                journal);                            // journal
+        if (TER const ter = WIOUIssuance(view, issue, journal)
+                                .trustCreate(
+                                    recvLow,           // is dest low?
+                                    issuer,            // source
+                                    receiver,          // destination
+                                    trustLineKey.key,  // ledger index
+                                    wrappedDest,       // Account to add to
+                                    false,             // authorize account
+                                    !wrappedDest->isFlag(lsfDefaultRipple),
+                                    false,                      // freeze trust line
+                                    false,                      // deep freeze trust line
+                                    initialBalance,             // zero initial balance
+                                    Issue(currency, receiver),  // limit of zero
+                                    0,                          // quality in
+                                    0,                          // quality out
+                                    journal);                   // journal
             !isTesSuccess(ter))
         {
             return ter;  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
         }
 
-        view.update(sleDest);
+        wrappedDest.update();
     }
 
     if (!view.exists(trustLineKey) && !receiverIssuer)
@@ -162,7 +170,7 @@ inline TER
 escrowUnlockApplyHelper<MPTIssue>(
     ApplyView& view,
     Rate lockedRate,
-    std::shared_ptr<SLE> const& sleDest,
+    std::variant<std::shared_ptr<SLE>, WAccountRoot> dest,
     STAmount const& xrpBalance,
     STAmount const& amount,
     AccountID const& issuer,
@@ -178,19 +186,26 @@ escrowUnlockApplyHelper<MPTIssue>(
     auto const issuanceKey = keylet::mptIssuance(mptID);
     if (!view.exists(keylet::mptoken(issuanceKey.key, receiver)) && createAsset && !receiverIssuer)
     {
-        if (std::uint32_t const ownerCount = {sleDest->at(sfOwnerCount)};
+        // For backwards compatibility: if dest is not WAccountRoot, return error
+        if (!std::holds_alternative<WAccountRoot>(dest))
+            return tefEXCEPTION;
+
+        auto& wrappedDest = std::get<WAccountRoot>(dest);
+
+        if (std::uint32_t const ownerCount = {wrappedDest->at(sfOwnerCount)};
             xrpBalance < view.fees().accountReserve(ownerCount + 1))
         {
             return tecINSUFFICIENT_RESERVE;
         }
 
-        if (auto const ter = createMPToken(view, mptID, receiver, 0); !isTesSuccess(ter))
+        if (auto const ter = WMPTokenIssuance(view, mptID, journal).createMPToken(receiver, 0);
+            !isTesSuccess(ter))
         {
             return ter;  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
         }
 
         // update owner count.
-        adjustOwnerCount(view, sleDest, 1, journal);
+        wrappedDest.adjustOwnerCount(1);
     }
 
     if (!view.exists(keylet::mptoken(issuanceKey.key, receiver)) && !receiverIssuer)
@@ -218,13 +233,13 @@ escrowUnlockApplyHelper<MPTIssue>(
         // compute balance to transfer
         finalAmt = amount.value() - xferFee;
     }
-    return unlockEscrowMPT(
-        view,
-        sender,
-        receiver,
-        finalAmt,
-        view.rules().enabled(fixTokenEscrowV1) ? amount : finalAmt,
-        journal);
+    return WMPTokenIssuance(view, amount.get<MPTIssue>(), journal)
+        .unlockEscrow(
+            sender,
+            receiver,
+            finalAmt,
+            view.rules().enabled(fixTokenEscrowV1) ? amount : finalAmt,
+            journal);
 }
 
 }  // namespace xrpl

include/xrpl/ledger/helpers/LendingHelpers.h

@@ -4,38 +4,8 @@
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Rules.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/st.h>
 
-#include <string_view>
-
 namespace xrpl {
 
-/**
- * Broker cover preclaim precision guard (fixCleanup3_2_0).
- *
- * Prevents a "silent sub-ULP no-op" where a deposit, withdrawal, or clawback
- * amount is so small that it rounds to zero at `sfCoverAvailable`'s scale.
- * Without this guard, both the pseudo trust-line and `sfCoverAvailable` would
- * identically absorb the rounded zero, resulting in a successful transaction
- * (tesSUCCESS) where no funds actually moved.
- *
- * @param view       Read view (rules used for amendment gating).
- * @param sleBroker  The loan broker SLE (read-only).
- * @param vaultAsset The underlying vault asset (the broker's cover asset).
- * @param amount     The effective subtraction/addition amount.
- * @param j          Journal for logging.
- * @param logPrefix  Transactor name for log diagnostics.
- *
- * @return `tecPRECISION_LOSS` if the request rounds to zero at cover scale.
- * `tesSUCCESS` if the amendment is disabled or the request is safely supra-ULP.
- */
-[[nodiscard]] TER
-canApplyToBrokerCover(
-    ReadView const& view,
-    SLE::const_ref sleBroker,
-    Asset const& vaultAsset,
-    STAmount const& amount,
-    beast::Journal j,
-    std::string_view logPrefix);
-
 // Lending protocol has dependencies, so capture them here.
 bool
 checkLendingProtocolDependencies(Rules const& rules, STTx const& tx);
@@ -203,21 +173,6 @@ getAssetsTotalScale(SLE::const_ref vaultSle)
     return scale(vaultSle->at(sfAssetsTotal), vaultSle->at(sfAsset));
 }
 
-// Compute the minimum required broker cover, rounded consistently.
-// DebtTotal is a broker-level aggregate maintained at vault scale, so the
-// rounding must also use vault scale — never an individual loan's scale.
-inline Number
-minimumBrokerCover(Number const& debtTotal, TenthBips32 coverRateMinimum, SLE::const_ref vaultSle)
-{
-    XRPL_ASSERT(
-        vaultSle && vaultSle->getType() == ltVAULT, "xrpl::minimumBrokerCover : valid Vault sle");
-    NumberRoundModeGuard const mg(Number::RoundingMode::Upward);
-    return roundToAsset(
-        vaultSle->at(sfAsset),
-        tenthBipsOfValue(debtTotal, coverRateMinimum),
-        getAssetsTotalScale(vaultSle));
-}
-
 TER
 checkLoanGuards(
     Asset const& vaultAsset,
@@ -532,4 +487,15 @@ loanMakePayment(
     LoanPaymentType const paymentType,
     beast::Journal j);
 
+// LoanBroker-specific `adjustOwnerCount` function (temporary, while the Wrapped classes are WIP)
+// Assert will check the type, so that we ensure it's not used by anything else
+// Order of parameters is different from the old `adjustOwnerCount` function to avoid anything
+// accidentally calling this with the wrong type.
+void
+adjustOwnerCount(
+    std::shared_ptr<SLE> const& sle,
+    ApplyView& view,
+    std::int32_t amount,
+    beast::Journal j);
+
 }  // namespace xrpl

include/xrpl/ledger/helpers/MPTokenHelpers.h

@@ -3,239 +3,303 @@
 #include <xrpl/beast/utility/Journal.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/ApplyView.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/ReadView.h>
+#include <xrpl/ledger/helpers/SLEBase.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/helpers/TokenHelpers.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/Indexes.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/MPTIssue.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Rate.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/STAmount.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/TER.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/XRPAmount.h>
 
 #include <initializer_list>
+#include <memory>
 #include <optional>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 //
-// Freeze checking (MPT-specific)
+// MPTokenIssuance ledger entry wrapper (view-parameterized)
 //
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-[[nodiscard]] bool
-isGlobalFrozen(ReadView const& view, MPTIssue const& mptIssue);
-
-[[nodiscard]] bool
-isIndividualFrozen(ReadView const& view, AccountID const& account, MPTIssue const& mptIssue);
-
-[[nodiscard]] bool
-isFrozen(
-    ReadView const& view,
-    AccountID const& account,
-    MPTIssue const& mptIssue,
-    std::uint8_t depth = 0);
-
-[[nodiscard]] bool
-isAnyFrozen(
-    ReadView const& view,
-    std::initializer_list<AccountID> const& accounts,
-    MPTIssue const& mptIssue,
-    std::uint8_t depth = 0);
-
-//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-//
-// Transfer rate (MPT-specific)
-//
-//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-/** Returns MPT transfer fee as Rate. Rate specifies
- * the fee as fractions of 1 billion. For example, 1% transfer rate
- * is represented as 1,010,000,000.
- * @param issuanceID MPTokenIssuanceID of MPTTokenIssuance object
- */
-[[nodiscard]] Rate
-transferRate(ReadView const& view, MPTID const& issuanceID);
-
-//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-//
-// Holding checks (MPT-specific)
-//
-//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-[[nodiscard]] TER
-canAddHolding(ReadView const& view, MPTIssue const& mptIssue);
-
-//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-//
-// Authorization (MPT-specific)
-//
-//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-[[nodiscard]] TER
-authorizeMPToken(
-    ApplyView& view,
-    XRPAmount const& priorBalance,
-    MPTID const& mptIssuanceID,
-    AccountID const& account,
-    beast::Journal journal,
-    std::uint32_t flags = 0,
-    std::optional<AccountID> holderID = std::nullopt);
-
-/** Check if the account lacks required authorization for MPT.
+/**
+ * View-parameterized wrapper for MPTokenIssuance ledger entries.
  *
- * requireAuth check is recursive for MPT shares in a vault, descending to
- * assets in the vault, up to maxAssetCheckDepth recursion depth. This is
- * purely defensive, as we currently do not allow such vaults to be created.
- * WeakAuth intentionally allows missing MPTokens under MPToken V2.
+ * MPTokenIssuance<ReadView>  — read-only access to issuance data
+ * MPTokenIssuance<ApplyView> — read-write access, with insert/update/erase
+ *                              and domain-specific write methods
+ *
+ * Carries the MPTID and MPTIssue alongside the SLE so callers don't need to
+ * thread them through every method call.
+ */
+template <typename ViewT>
+class MPTokenIssuance : public SLEBase<ViewT>, public TokenBase<ViewT>
+{
+    static constexpr bool kIsWritable = SLEBase<ViewT>::kIsWritable;
+
+    MPTID const mptID_;
+    MPTIssue const mptIssue_;
+
+public:
+    /** Constructor for read-only context (MPTIssue) */
+    MPTokenIssuance(
+        ReadView const& view,
+        MPTIssue const& mptIssue,
+        beast::Journal j = beast::Journal{beast::Journal::getNullSink()})
+        requires(!kIsWritable)
+        : SLEBase<ViewT>(view.read(keylet::mptIssuance(mptIssue.getMptID())), view, j)
+        , mptID_(mptIssue.getMptID())
+        , mptIssue_(mptIssue)
+    {
+    }
+
+    /** Constructor for read-only context (MPTID) */
+    MPTokenIssuance(
+        ReadView const& view,
+        MPTID const& mptID,
+        beast::Journal j = beast::Journal{beast::Journal::getNullSink()})
+        requires(!kIsWritable)
+        : SLEBase<ViewT>(view.read(keylet::mptIssuance(mptID)), view, j)
+        , mptID_(mptID)
+        , mptIssue_(MPTIssue(mptID))
+    {
+    }
+
+    /** Constructor for writable context (MPTIssue) */
+    MPTokenIssuance(
+        ApplyView& view,
+        MPTIssue const& mptIssue,
+        beast::Journal j = beast::Journal{beast::Journal::getNullSink()})
+        requires kIsWritable
+        : SLEBase<ViewT>(keylet::mptIssuance(mptIssue.getMptID()), view, j)
+        , mptID_(mptIssue.getMptID())
+        , mptIssue_(mptIssue)
+    {
+    }
+
+    /** Constructor for writable context (MPTID) */
+    MPTokenIssuance(
+        ApplyView& view,
+        MPTID const& mptID,
+        beast::Journal j = beast::Journal{beast::Journal::getNullSink()})
+        requires kIsWritable
+        : SLEBase<ViewT>(keylet::mptIssuance(mptID), view, j)
+        , mptID_(mptID)
+        , mptIssue_(MPTIssue(mptID))
+    {
+    }
+
+    /** Converting constructor: writable → read-only. */
+    template <WritableView OtherViewT>
+    MPTokenIssuance(MPTokenIssuance<OtherViewT> const& other)
+        requires(!kIsWritable)
+        : SLEBase<ViewT>(other), mptID_(other.getMptID()), mptIssue_(other.getMptIssue())
+    {
+    }
+
+    /** Create an MPTokenIssuance backed by a brand-new SLE (already inserted into
+     *  the view).
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]] static MPTokenIssuance
+    makeNew(
+        MPTID const& mptID,
+        ApplyView& view,
+        beast::Journal j = beast::Journal{beast::Journal::getNullSink()})
+        requires kIsWritable
+    {
+        return MPTokenIssuance(mptID, view, j, std::make_shared<SLE>(keylet::mptIssuance(mptID)));
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] static MPTokenIssuance
+    makeNew(
+        std::uint32_t const seq,
+        AccountID const& issuer,
+        ApplyView& view,
+        beast::Journal j = beast::Journal{beast::Journal::getNullSink()})
+        requires kIsWritable
+    {
+        auto const mptID = makeMptID(seq, issuer);
+        return MPTokenIssuance(mptID, view, j, std::make_shared<SLE>(keylet::mptIssuance(mptID)));
+    }
+
+    // --- Inline accessors ---
+
+    [[nodiscard]] MPTID const&
+    getMptID() const
+    {
+        return mptID_;
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] MPTIssue const&
+    getMptIssue() const
+    {
+        return mptIssue_;
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] AccountID const&
+    getIssuer() const
+    {
+        return mptIssue_.getIssuer();
+    }
+
+    // --- Read-only domain methods (available on both specializations) ---
+
+    [[nodiscard]] bool
+    isGlobalFrozen() const override;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] bool
+    isIndividualFrozen(AccountID const& account) const override;
+
+    /**
+     *   isFrozen check is recursive for MPT shares in a vault, descending to
+     *   assets in the vault, up to kMaxAssetCheckDepth recursion depth. This is
+     *   purely defensive, as we currently do not allow such vaults to be created.
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]] bool
+    isFrozen(AccountID const& account, int depth = 0) const override;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] bool
+    isAnyFrozen(std::initializer_list<AccountID> const& accounts, int depth = 0) const;
+
+    /** Returns MPT transfer fee as Rate. */
+    [[nodiscard]] Rate
+    transferRate() const override;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] TER
+    canAddHolding() const;
+
+    /** Check if the account lacks required authorization for MPT. */
+    [[nodiscard]] TER
+    requireAuth(AccountID const& account, AuthType authType = AuthType::Legacy, int depth = 0)
+        const override;
+
+    /** Check if `from` is allowed to send MPT to `to`. */
+    [[nodiscard]] TER
+    canTransfer(AccountID const& from, AccountID const& to) const override;
+
+    /** Check if the token requires authorization for holders. */
+    [[nodiscard]] bool
+    requiresAuth() const override;
+
+    /** Check if the token issuer has enabled clawback capability. */
+    [[nodiscard]] bool
+    canClawback() const override;
+
+    // --- Write-only domain methods (compile-time gated) ---
+
+    [[nodiscard]] TER
+    addEmptyHolding(AccountID const& accountID, XRPAmount priorBalance, beast::Journal journal)
+        requires kIsWritable;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] TER
+    removeEmptyHolding(AccountID const& accountID, beast::Journal journal)
+        requires kIsWritable;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] TER
+    authorizeMPToken(
+        XRPAmount const& priorBalance,
+        AccountID const& account,
+        beast::Journal journal,
+        std::uint32_t flags = 0,
+        std::optional<AccountID> holderID = std::nullopt)
+        requires kIsWritable;
+
+    /** Enforce account has MPToken to match its authorization.
+     *
+     *   Called from doApply - it will check for expired (and delete if found any)
+     *   credentials matching DomainID set in MPTokenIssuance. Must be called if
+     *   requireAuth(...) returned tesSUCCESS or tecEXPIRED in preclaim.
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]] TER
+    enforceMPTokenAuthorization(
+        AccountID const& account,
+        XRPAmount const& priorBalance,
+        beast::Journal j)
+        requires kIsWritable;
+
+    // --- Amount accessors ---
+
+    /** Maximum amount allowed for this issuance (sfMaximumAmount or default). */
+    [[nodiscard]] std::int64_t
+    maxAmount() const;
+
+    /** Available amount = maxAmount - OutstandingAmount.
+     *  Throws if the issuance SLE does not exist.
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]] std::int64_t
+    availableAmount() const;
+
+    /** Funds available for the issuer to sell in an issuer-owned offer. */
+    [[nodiscard]] STAmount
+    issuerFundsToSelfIssue() const;
+
+    // --- Holder MPToken management (writable) ---
+
+    /** Create a holder-side MPToken for `account` under this issuance. */
+    [[nodiscard]] TER
+    createMPToken(AccountID const& account, std::uint32_t flags)
+        requires kIsWritable;
+
+    /** Ensure `holder` has an MPToken under this issuance, creating one if needed. */
+    [[nodiscard]] TER
+    checkCreateMPT(AccountID const& holder, beast::Journal j)
+        requires kIsWritable;
+
+    /** Notify the view that the issuer self-debited `amount`. */
+    void
+    issuerSelfDebitHook(std::uint64_t amount)
+        requires kIsWritable;
+
+    /** Lock MPT for escrow from `sender`. The amount must match this issuance. */
+    [[nodiscard]] TER
+    lockEscrow(AccountID const& sender, STAmount const& amount, beast::Journal j)
+        requires kIsWritable;
+
+    /** Unlock previously-escrowed MPT, transferring `netAmount` to `receiver`,
+     *  with `grossAmount - netAmount` accounted as a transfer fee against
+     *  OutstandingAmount.
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]] TER
+    unlockEscrow(
+        AccountID const& sender,
+        AccountID const& receiver,
+        STAmount const& netAmount,
+        STAmount const& grossAmount,
+        beast::Journal j)
+        requires kIsWritable;
+
+private:
+    // Private constructor only used by `makeNew`.
+    MPTokenIssuance(MPTID const& mptID, ApplyView& view, beast::Journal j, std::shared_ptr<SLE> sle)
+        requires kIsWritable
+        : SLEBase<ViewT>(std::move(sle), view, j), mptID_(mptID), mptIssue_(MPTIssue(mptID))
+    {
+        this->insert();
+    }
+};
+
+// CTAD deduction guides — bare MPTokenIssuance(view, ...) always deduces read-only.
+// For writable access, use WMPTokenIssuance(view, ...) explicitly.
+MPTokenIssuance(ReadView const&, MPTIssue const&) -> MPTokenIssuance<ReadView>;
+MPTokenIssuance(ReadView const&, MPTIssue const&, beast::Journal) -> MPTokenIssuance<ReadView>;
+MPTokenIssuance(ReadView const&, MPTID const&) -> MPTokenIssuance<ReadView>;
+MPTokenIssuance(ReadView const&, MPTID const&, beast::Journal) -> MPTokenIssuance<ReadView>;
+
+// Backward-compatible aliases
+using RMPTokenIssuance = MPTokenIssuance<ReadView>;
+using WMPTokenIssuance = MPTokenIssuance<ApplyView>;
+
+// Explicit instantiation declarations (definitions in .cpp)
+extern template class MPTokenIssuance<ReadView>;
+extern template class MPTokenIssuance<ApplyView>;
+
+/** Check if Asset can be traded on DEX. return tecNO_PERMISSION
+ * if it doesn't and tesSUCCESS otherwise.
  */
 [[nodiscard]] TER
-requireAuth(
-    ReadView const& view,
-    MPTIssue const& mptIssue,
-    AccountID const& account,
-    AuthType authType = AuthType::Legacy,
-    std::uint8_t depth = 0);
-
-/** Enforce account has MPToken to match its authorization.
- *
- *   Called from doApply - it will check for expired (and delete if found any)
- *   credentials matching DomainID set in MPTokenIssuance. Must be called if
- *   requireAuth(...MPTIssue...) returned tesSUCCESS or tecEXPIRED in preclaim.
- */
-[[nodiscard]] TER
-enforceMPTokenAuthorization(
-    ApplyView& view,
-    MPTID const& mptIssuanceID,
-    AccountID const& account,
-    XRPAmount const& priorBalance,
-    beast::Journal j);
-
-/** Resolve the underlying asset of a vault share.
- *
- *  Reads sfReferenceHolding from @p sleShareIssuance to determine which
- *  asset the vault wraps. @p sleHolding must be the SLE that
- *  sfReferenceHolding points to — either an ltMPTOKEN (returns its
- *  MPTIssue) or an ltRIPPLE_STATE (returns its low/high Issue).
- *
- *  @pre Both SLEs must exist and @p sleHolding must be of type ltMPTOKEN
- *       or ltRIPPLE_STATE. Passing any other type is undefined behaviour.
- *  @param sleShareIssuance  MPTokenIssuance SLE for the vault share token.
- *  @param sleHolding        SLE referenced by sfReferenceHolding.
- *  @return The underlying Asset (MPTIssue or Issue).
- */
-[[nodiscard]] Asset
-assetOfHolding(SLE const& sleShareIssuance, SLE const& sleHolding);
-
-/** Check whether @p to may receive the given MPT from @p from.
- *
- *  The check passes when any of the following is true:
- *  - @p waive is WaiveMPTCanTransfer::Yes (recovery-path exemption), or
- *  - @p from or @p to is the issuer, or
- *  - lsfMPTCanTransfer is set on the MPTokenIssuance.
- *
- *  For vault shares (MPTokenIssuances that carry sfReferenceHolding) the
- *  check recurses into the underlying asset's transferability. This
- *  recursion is defensive; vault-of-vault-shares is rejected at vault
- *  creation, so in practice depth never exceeds 1.
- *
- *  @param view      Ledger state to read from.
- *  @param mptIssue  The MPT issuance being transferred.
- *  @param from      Sending account.
- *  @param to        Receiving account.
- *  @param waive     WaiveMPTCanTransfer::Yes skips the lsfMPTCanTransfer
- *                   check. Use for recovery paths (e.g. unwinding SAV or
- *                   Lending Protocol positions after an issuer revokes
- *                   transferability).
- *  @param depth     Recursion depth; bounded at kMaxAssetCheckDepth.
- *  @return tesSUCCESS if the transfer is allowed, tecNO_AUTH otherwise.
- */
-[[nodiscard]] TER
-canTransfer(
-    ReadView const& view,
-    MPTIssue const& mptIssue,
-    AccountID const& from,
-    AccountID const& to,
-    WaiveMPTCanTransfer waive = WaiveMPTCanTransfer::No,
-    std::uint8_t depth = 0);
-
-/** Check whether @p asset may be traded on the DEX.
- *
- *  For IOU assets the check delegates to the existing offer/AMM freeze
- *  logic. For MPT assets it checks lsfMPTCanTrade on the MPTokenIssuance.
- *  Vault shares recurse into the underlying asset's tradability via
- *  sfReferenceHolding; depth is bounded at kMaxAssetCheckDepth.
- *
- *  @param view   Ledger state to read from.
- *  @param asset  The asset to check.
- *  @param depth  Recursion depth; bounded at kMaxAssetCheckDepth.
- *  @return tesSUCCESS if trading is allowed, tecNO_PERMISSION otherwise.
- */
-[[nodiscard]] TER
-canTrade(ReadView const& view, Asset const& asset, std::uint8_t depth = 0);
-
-/** Convenience to combine canTrade/Transfer. Returns tesSUCCESS if Asset is Issue.
- */
-[[nodiscard]] TER
-canMPTTradeAndTransfer(
-    ReadView const& v,
-    Asset const& asset,
-    AccountID const& from,
-    AccountID const& to);
-
-//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-//
-// Empty holding operations (MPT-specific)
-//
-//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-[[nodiscard]] TER
-addEmptyHolding(
-    ApplyView& view,
-    AccountID const& accountID,
-    XRPAmount priorBalance,
-    MPTIssue const& mptIssue,
-    beast::Journal journal);
-
-[[nodiscard]] TER
-removeEmptyHolding(
-    ApplyView& view,
-    AccountID const& accountID,
-    MPTIssue const& mptIssue,
-    beast::Journal journal);
-
-//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-//
-// Escrow operations (MPT-specific)
-//
-//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-TER
-lockEscrowMPT(
-    ApplyView& view,
-    AccountID const& uGrantorID,
-    STAmount const& saAmount,
-    beast::Journal j);
-
-TER
-unlockEscrowMPT(
-    ApplyView& view,
-    AccountID const& uGrantorID,
-    AccountID const& uGranteeID,
-    STAmount const& netAmount,
-    STAmount const& grossAmount,
-    beast::Journal j);
-
-TER
-createMPToken(
-    ApplyView& view,
-    MPTID const& mptIssuanceID,
-    AccountID const& account,
-    std::uint32_t const flags);
-
-TER
-checkCreateMPT(
-    xrpl::ApplyView& view,
-    xrpl::MPTIssue const& mptIssue,
-    xrpl::AccountID const& holder,
-    beast::Journal j);
+canTrade(ReadView const& view, Asset const& asset);
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 //
@@ -252,9 +316,6 @@ maxMPTAmount(SLE const& sleIssuance);
 std::int64_t
 availableMPTAmount(SLE const& sleIssuance);
 
-std::int64_t
-availableMPTAmount(ReadView const& view, MPTID const& mptID);
-
 /** Checks for two types of OutstandingAmount overflow during a send operation.
  * 1.  **Direct directSendNoFee (Overflow: No):** A true overflow check when
  * `OutstandingAmount > MaximumAmount`. This threshold is used for direct
@@ -270,20 +331,27 @@ isMPTOverflow(
     std::int64_t maximumAmount,
     AllowMPTOverflow allowOverflow);
 
-/**
- * Determine funds available for an issuer to sell in an issuer owned offer.
- * Issuing step, which could be either MPTEndPointStep last step or BookStep's
- * TakerPays may overflow OutstandingAmount. Redeeming step, in BookStep's
- * TakerGets redeems the offer's owner funds, essentially balancing out
- * the overflow, unless the offer's owner is the issuer.
+/** Delete AMMs MPToken. The passed `sle` must be obtained from a prior
+ * call to view.peek().
  */
-[[nodiscard]] STAmount
-issuerFundsToSelfIssue(ReadView const& view, MPTIssue const& issue);
+[[nodiscard]] TER
+deleteAMMMPToken(
+    ApplyView& view,
+    std::shared_ptr<SLE> sleMPT,
+    AccountID const& ammAccountID,
+    beast::Journal j);
 
-/** Facilitate tracking of MPT sold by an issuer owning MPT sell offer.
- * See ApplyView::issuerSelfDebitHookMPT().
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// MPT DEX
+//
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+/* Return true if a transaction is allowed for the specified MPT/account. The
+ * function checks MPTokenIssuance and MPToken objects flags to determine if the
+ * transaction is allowed.
  */
-void
-issuerSelfDebitHookMPT(ApplyView& view, MPTIssue const& issue, std::uint64_t amount);
+TER
+checkMPTTxAllowed(ReadView const& v, TxType tx, Asset const& asset, AccountID const& accountID);
 
 }  // namespace xrpl

include/xrpl/ledger/helpers/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+# Ledger Entry Helpers (`helpers/`)
+
+## Overview
+
+This folder contains helper classes and free functions for working with **Serialized Ledger Entries (SLEs)**. Its centerpiece is `SLEBase.h`, which defines the template class `SLEBase<ViewT>` — a type-safe, context-aware wrapper around the raw `std::shared_ptr<SLE>` used throughout the rest of the codebase.
+
+## The Problem: Untyped SLE Access
+
+Historically, ledger entries are passed around as bare `std::shared_ptr<SLE>` (or `std::shared_ptr<SLE const>`). This has several drawbacks:
+
+1. **No compile-time entry-type safety.** Any code holding an `std::shared_ptr<SLE>` can read or write _any_ field on _any_ ledger entry type. Nothing prevents you from calling `sle->getFieldU32(sfOwnerCount)` on an Offer SLE, even though Offers don't have that field.
+
+2. **No read/write distinction.** A function that only needs to _read_ an entry still receives a mutable `std::shared_ptr<SLE>`, making it easy to accidentally mutate state. Conversely, a function that _must_ write has no way to express that requirement in its signature.
+
+3. **No association with the view.** The SLE and the `ReadView` / `ApplyView` it came from travel as separate arguments, so callers must manually keep them in sync and remember to call `view.update(sle)` after mutations.
+
+## The Solution: `SLEBase.h`
+
+`SLEBase.h` introduces a single template class `SLEBase<ViewT>` that pairs an SLE with its view context and enforces read/write semantics at compile time via `requires` clauses.
+
+**`SLEBase<ReadView>`** holds a `std::shared_ptr<SLE const>` and a `ReadView const&`. Write-only members are excluded at compile time.
+holds a mutable `std::shared_ptr<SLE>`, an `ApplyView&`, and a `Keylet`. It exposes `insert()`, `update()`, `erase()`, and `newSLE()` to keep the SLE and its view in sync automatically.
+
+A converting constructor allows implicit conversion from `SLEBase<ApplyView>` to `SLEBase<ReadView>`, so functions taking a read-only wrapper can accept a writable one without a cast.
+
+### Template Pattern
+
+Each entry type is a single template class parameterized on the view type:
+
+```
+AccountRoot<ReadView>   — read-only:  RAccountRoot
+AccountRoot<ApplyView>  — writable:   WAccountRoot
+```
+
+Both specializations share all domain read methods. Write methods on `WAccountRoot` are gated with `requires is_writable` so they are unavailable on `RAccountRoot` at compile time. The `R`/`W` prefix aliases (`RAccountRoot`, `WAccountRoot`) are provided for convenience and backward compatibility.
+
+## Files in This Directory
+
+| File                   | Description                                                                                                                                                 |
+| ---------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `SLEBase.h`            | Template base class `SLEBase<ViewT>` for read-only and writable SLE wrappers                                                                                |
+| `AccountRootHelpers.h` | `AccountRoot<ViewT>` wrapper (`RAccountRoot`, `WAccountRoot`) and free functions for pseudo-accounts                                                        |
+| `CredentialHelpers.h`  | Free functions for Credential ledger entries                                                                                                                |
+| `DirectoryHelpers.h`   | Free functions for directory traversal (`dirFirst`, `dirNext`, `forEachItem`, etc.)                                                                         |
+| `MPTokenHelpers.h`     | Free functions for MPToken ledger entries and MPTokenIssuance<ViewT> wrapper (`RMPTokenIssuance`, `WMPTokenIssuance`) functions for MPTokenIssuance objects |
+| `OfferHelpers.h`       | Free function `offerDelete` for removing Offer entries                                                                                                      |
+| `RippleStateHelpers.h` | Free functions for RippleState (trust line) entries: credit, freeze, issuance, authorization                                                                |
+| `TokenHelpers.h`       | Shared token helpers (freeze/auth checks used by both IOU and MPT paths)                                                                                    |
+| `VaultHelpers.h`       | Free functions for Vault ledger entries                                                                                                                     |
+
+## Migration Status
+
+This migration is still in progress. New code should prefer the wrapper style where possible; existing free functions will be migrated incrementally.

include/xrpl/ledger/helpers/RippleStateHelpers.h

@@ -3,12 +3,14 @@
 #include <xrpl/beast/utility/Journal.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/ApplyView.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/ReadView.h>
+#include <xrpl/ledger/helpers/AccountRootHelpers.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/helpers/TokenHelpers.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/IOUAmount.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Issue.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/STAmount.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/STLedgerEntry.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/TER.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/UintTypes.h>
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 //
@@ -20,137 +22,218 @@ namespace xrpl {
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 //
-// Credit functions (from Credit.h)
+// IOUIssuance ledger entry wrapper (view-parameterized)
 //
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-/** Calculate the maximum amount of IOUs that an account can hold
-    @param view the ledger to check against.
-    @param account the account of interest.
-    @param issuer the issuer of the IOU.
-    @param currency the IOU to check.
-    @return The maximum amount that can be held.
-*/
-/** @{ */
-STAmount
-creditLimit(
-    ReadView const& view,
-    AccountID const& account,
-    AccountID const& issuer,
-    Currency const& currency);
+/**
+ * View-parameterized wrapper for an IOU issuance.
+ *
+ * Because IOUs have no dedicated ledger entry — issuance properties live on
+ * the issuer's AccountRoot — IOUIssuance<V> inherits from AccountRoot<V> and
+ * adds the currency context plus IOU-specific accessors (RequireAuth /
+ * AllowTrustLineClawback flags, freeze checks against the holder's trust
+ * line, etc.).
+ *
+ * IOUIssuance<ReadView>  — read-only
+ * IOUIssuance<ApplyView> — read-write
+ */
+template <typename ViewT>
+class IOUIssuance : public AccountRoot<ViewT>, public TokenBase<ViewT>
+{
+    static constexpr bool kIsWritable = SLEBase<ViewT>::kIsWritable;
 
-IOUAmount
-creditLimit2(ReadView const& v, AccountID const& acc, AccountID const& iss, Currency const& cur);
-/** @} */
+    Currency const currency_;
 
-/** Returns the amount of IOUs issued by issuer that are held by an account
-    @param view the ledger to check against.
-    @param account the account of interest.
-    @param issuer the issuer of the IOU.
-    @param currency the IOU to check.
-*/
-/** @{ */
-STAmount
-creditBalance(
-    ReadView const& view,
-    AccountID const& account,
-    AccountID const& issuer,
-    Currency const& currency);
-/** @} */
+public:
+    /** Constructor for read-only context (Issue). */
+    IOUIssuance(
+        ReadView const& view,
+        Issue const& issue,
+        beast::Journal j = beast::Journal{beast::Journal::getNullSink()})
+        requires(!kIsWritable)
+        : AccountRoot<ViewT>(issue.getIssuer(), view, j), currency_(issue.currency)
+    {
+    }
+
+    /** Constructor for read-only context (issuer + currency). */
+    IOUIssuance(
+        ReadView const& view,
+        AccountID const& issuer,
+        Currency const& currency,
+        beast::Journal j = beast::Journal{beast::Journal::getNullSink()})
+        requires(!kIsWritable)
+        : AccountRoot<ViewT>(issuer, view, j), currency_(currency)
+    {
+    }
+
+    /** Constructor for writable context (Issue). */
+    IOUIssuance(
+        ApplyView& view,
+        Issue const& issue,
+        beast::Journal j = beast::Journal{beast::Journal::getNullSink()})
+        requires kIsWritable
+        : AccountRoot<ViewT>(issue.getIssuer(), view, j), currency_(issue.currency)
+    {
+    }
+
+    /** Constructor for writable context (issuer + currency). */
+    IOUIssuance(
+        ApplyView& view,
+        AccountID const& issuer,
+        Currency const& currency,
+        beast::Journal j = beast::Journal{beast::Journal::getNullSink()})
+        requires kIsWritable
+        : AccountRoot<ViewT>(issuer, view, j), currency_(currency)
+    {
+    }
+
+    /** Converting constructor: writable → read-only. */
+    template <WritableView OtherViewT>
+    IOUIssuance(IOUIssuance<OtherViewT> const& other)
+        requires(!kIsWritable)
+        : AccountRoot<ViewT>(other), currency_(other.getCurrency())
+    {
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] Currency const&
+    getCurrency() const
+    {
+        return currency_;
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] Issue
+    getIssue() const
+    {
+        return Issue{currency_, this->id()};
+    }
+
+    // --- IOU-specific domain methods ---
+
+    /** Returns IOU issuer transfer fee as Rate (delegates to AccountRoot). */
+    [[nodiscard]] Rate
+    transferRate() const override
+    {
+        return AccountRoot<ViewT>::transferRate();
+    }
+
+    /** Check if the issuer is globally frozen (delegates to AccountRoot). */
+    [[nodiscard]] bool
+    isGlobalFrozen() const override
+    {
+        return AccountRoot<ViewT>::isGlobalFrozen();
+    }
+
+    /** Check if the issuer requires holder authorization (lsfRequireAuth). */
+    [[nodiscard]] bool
+    requiresAuth() const override;
+
+    /** Check if the issuer has enabled clawback (lsfAllowTrustLineClawback). */
+    [[nodiscard]] bool
+    canClawback() const override;
+
+    /** True if the trust line between `account` and the issuer has the
+     *  issuer-side freeze flag set.
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]] bool
+    isIndividualFrozen(AccountID const& account) const override;
+
+    /** True if the issuance is globally frozen or the trust line is frozen.
+     *  `depth` is ignored for IOUs (no vault recursion). */
+    [[nodiscard]] bool
+    isFrozen(AccountID const& account, int depth = 0) const override;
+
+    /** True if the trust line has the issuer-side deep-freeze flag set. */
+    [[nodiscard]] bool
+    isDeepFrozen(AccountID const& account) const;
+
+    /** Check if `account` is allowed to hold this IOU.
+     *  `depth` is ignored for IOUs (no vault recursion). */
+    [[nodiscard]] TER
+    requireAuth(AccountID const& account, AuthType authType = AuthType::Legacy, int depth = 0)
+        const override;
+
+    /** Check if `from` is allowed to send this IOU to `to`. */
+    [[nodiscard]] TER
+    canTransfer(AccountID const& from, AccountID const& to) const override;
+
+    // --- Credit / balance ---
+
+    /** Maximum amount of this IOU that `account` can hold. */
+    [[nodiscard]] STAmount
+    creditLimit(AccountID const& account) const;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] IOUAmount
+    creditLimit2(AccountID const& account) const;
+
+    /** Amount of this IOU held by `account`. */
+    [[nodiscard]] STAmount
+    creditBalance(AccountID const& account) const;
+
+    // --- Trust line operations (writable) ---
+
+    /** Create a trust line for this IOU's currency. */
+    [[nodiscard]] TER
+    trustCreate(
+        bool const bSrcHigh,
+        AccountID const& uSrcAccountID,
+        AccountID const& uDstAccountID,
+        uint256 const& uIndex,
+        WAccountRoot& wrappedAcct,
+        bool const bAuth,
+        bool const bNoRipple,
+        bool const bFreeze,
+        bool bDeepFreeze,
+        STAmount const& saBalance,
+        STAmount const& saLimit,
+        std::uint32_t uQualityIn,
+        std::uint32_t uQualityOut,
+        beast::Journal j)
+        requires kIsWritable;
+
+    /** Add an empty trust line for `accountID`. */
+    [[nodiscard]] TER
+    addEmptyHolding(AccountID const& accountID, XRPAmount priorBalance, beast::Journal journal)
+        requires kIsWritable;
+
+    /** Remove an empty trust line for `accountID`. */
+    [[nodiscard]] TER
+    removeEmptyHolding(AccountID const& accountID, beast::Journal journal)
+        requires kIsWritable;
+
+    /** Issue `amount` of this IOU from the issuer to `account`. */
+    [[nodiscard]] TER
+    issue(AccountID const& account, STAmount const& amount, beast::Journal j)
+        requires kIsWritable;
+
+    /** Redeem `amount` of this IOU from `account` back to the issuer. */
+    [[nodiscard]] TER
+    redeem(AccountID const& account, STAmount const& amount, beast::Journal j)
+        requires kIsWritable;
+};
+
+// CTAD deduction guides — bare IOUIssuance(view, ...) always deduces read-only.
+// For writable access, use WIOUIssuance(view, ...) explicitly.
+IOUIssuance(ReadView const&, Issue const&) -> IOUIssuance<ReadView>;
+IOUIssuance(ReadView const&, Issue const&, beast::Journal) -> IOUIssuance<ReadView>;
+IOUIssuance(ReadView const&, AccountID const&, Currency const&) -> IOUIssuance<ReadView>;
+IOUIssuance(ReadView const&, AccountID const&, Currency const&, beast::Journal)
+    -> IOUIssuance<ReadView>;
+
+// Backward-compatible aliases
+using RIOUIssuance = IOUIssuance<ReadView>;
+using WIOUIssuance = IOUIssuance<ApplyView>;
+
+// Explicit instantiation declarations (definitions in .cpp)
+extern template class IOUIssuance<ReadView>;
+extern template class IOUIssuance<ApplyView>;
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 //
-// Freeze checking (IOU-specific)
+// Trust line operations (SLE-level, no issuance context)
 //
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-[[nodiscard]] bool
-isIndividualFrozen(
-    ReadView const& view,
-    AccountID const& account,
-    Currency const& currency,
-    AccountID const& issuer);
-
-[[nodiscard]] inline bool
-isIndividualFrozen(ReadView const& view, AccountID const& account, Issue const& issue)
-{
-    return isIndividualFrozen(view, account, issue.currency, issue.account);
-}
-
-[[nodiscard]] bool
-isFrozen(
-    ReadView const& view,
-    AccountID const& account,
-    Currency const& currency,
-    AccountID const& issuer);
-
-[[nodiscard]] inline bool
-isFrozen(ReadView const& view, AccountID const& account, Issue const& issue)
-{
-    return isFrozen(view, account, issue.currency, issue.account);
-}
-
-// Overload with depth parameter for uniformity with MPTIssue version.
-// The depth parameter is ignored for IOUs since they don't have vault recursion.
-[[nodiscard]] inline bool
-isFrozen(ReadView const& view, AccountID const& account, Issue const& issue, std::uint8_t /*depth*/)
-{
-    return isFrozen(view, account, issue);
-}
-
-[[nodiscard]] bool
-isDeepFrozen(
-    ReadView const& view,
-    AccountID const& account,
-    Currency const& currency,
-    AccountID const& issuer);
-
-[[nodiscard]] inline bool
-isDeepFrozen(
-    ReadView const& view,
-    AccountID const& account,
-    Issue const& issue,
-    std::uint8_t = 0 /*ignored*/)
-{
-    return isDeepFrozen(view, account, issue.currency, issue.account);
-}
-
-[[nodiscard]] inline TER
-checkDeepFrozen(ReadView const& view, AccountID const& account, Issue const& issue)
-{
-    return isDeepFrozen(view, account, issue) ? (TER)tecFROZEN : (TER)tesSUCCESS;
-}
-
-//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-//
-// Trust line operations
-//
-//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-/** Create a trust line
-
-    This can set an initial balance.
-*/
-[[nodiscard]] TER
-trustCreate(
-    ApplyView& view,
-    bool const bSrcHigh,
-    AccountID const& uSrcAccountID,
-    AccountID const& uDstAccountID,
-    uint256 const& uIndex,      // --> ripple state entry
-    SLE::ref sleAccount,        // --> the account being set.
-    bool const bAuth,           // --> authorize account.
-    bool const bNoRipple,       // --> others cannot ripple through
-    bool const bFreeze,         // --> funds cannot leave
-    bool bDeepFreeze,           // --> can neither receive nor send funds
-    STAmount const& saBalance,  // --> balance of account being set.
-                                // Issuer should be noAccount()
-    STAmount const& saLimit,    // --> limit for account being set.
-                                // Issuer should be the account being set.
-    std::uint32_t uQualityIn,
-    std::uint32_t uQualityOut,
-    beast::Journal j);
-
 [[nodiscard]] TER
 trustDelete(
     ApplyView& view,
@@ -159,88 +242,6 @@ trustDelete(
     AccountID const& uHighAccountID,
     beast::Journal j);
 
-//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-//
-// IOU issuance/redemption
-//
-//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-[[nodiscard]] TER
-issueIOU(
-    ApplyView& view,
-    AccountID const& account,
-    STAmount const& amount,
-    Issue const& issue,
-    beast::Journal j);
-
-[[nodiscard]] TER
-redeemIOU(
-    ApplyView& view,
-    AccountID const& account,
-    STAmount const& amount,
-    Issue const& issue,
-    beast::Journal j);
-
-//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-//
-// Authorization and transfer checks (IOU-specific)
-//
-//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-/** Check if the account lacks required authorization.
- *
- * Return tecNO_AUTH or tecNO_LINE if it does
- * and tesSUCCESS otherwise.
- *
- * If StrongAuth then return tecNO_LINE if the RippleState doesn't exist. Return
- * tecNO_AUTH if lsfRequireAuth is set on the issuer's AccountRoot, and the
- * RippleState does exist, and the RippleState is not authorized.
- *
- * If WeakAuth then return tecNO_AUTH if lsfRequireAuth is set, and the
- * RippleState exists, and is not authorized. Return tecNO_LINE if
- * lsfRequireAuth is set and the RippleState doesn't exist. Consequently, if
- * WeakAuth and lsfRequireAuth is *not* set, this function will return
- * tesSUCCESS even if RippleState does *not* exist.
- *
- * The default "Legacy" auth type is equivalent to WeakAuth.
- */
-[[nodiscard]] TER
-requireAuth(
-    ReadView const& view,
-    Issue const& issue,
-    AccountID const& account,
-    AuthType authType = AuthType::Legacy);
-
-/** Check if the destination account is allowed
- *  to receive IOU. Return terNO_RIPPLE if rippling is
- *  disabled on both sides and tesSUCCESS otherwise.
- */
-[[nodiscard]] TER
-canTransfer(ReadView const& view, Issue const& issue, AccountID const& from, AccountID const& to);
-
-//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-//
-// Empty holding operations (IOU-specific)
-//
-//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-/// Any transactors that call addEmptyHolding() in doApply must call
-/// canAddHolding() in preflight with the same View and Asset
-[[nodiscard]] TER
-addEmptyHolding(
-    ApplyView& view,
-    AccountID const& accountID,
-    XRPAmount priorBalance,
-    Issue const& issue,
-    beast::Journal journal);
-
-[[nodiscard]] TER
-removeEmptyHolding(
-    ApplyView& view,
-    AccountID const& accountID,
-    Issue const& issue,
-    beast::Journal journal);
-
 /** Delete trustline to AMM. The passed `sle` must be obtained from a prior
  * call to view.peek(). Fail if neither side of the trustline is AMM or
  * if ammAccountID is seated and is not one of the trustline's side.
@@ -252,14 +253,4 @@ deleteAMMTrustLine(
     std::optional<AccountID> const& ammAccountID,
     beast::Journal j);
 
-/** Delete AMMs MPToken. The passed `sle` must be obtained from a prior
- * call to view.peek().
- */
-[[nodiscard]] TER
-deleteAMMMPToken(
-    ApplyView& view,
-    std::shared_ptr<SLE> sleMPT,
-    AccountID const& ammAccountID,
-    beast::Journal j);
-
 }  // namespace xrpl

include/xrpl/ledger/helpers/SLEBase.h

@@ -0,0 +1,240 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <xrpl/beast/utility/instrumentation.h>
+#include <xrpl/ledger/ApplyView.h>
+#include <xrpl/ledger/ReadView.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/STLedgerEntry.h>
+
+#include <concepts>
+#include <memory>
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <type_traits>
+
+namespace xrpl {
+
+// Concept to distinguish read-only vs writable view types
+template <typename V>
+concept WritableView = std::derived_from<V, ApplyView>;
+
+/**
+ * View-parameterized base class for all ledger entry wrappers.
+ *
+ * SLEBase<ReadView>  — read-only:  holds shared_ptr<SLE const> + ReadView const&
+ * SLEBase<ApplyView> — writable:   holds shared_ptr<SLE> + ApplyView& + Keylet,
+ *                                   plus insert/update/erase operations
+ *
+ * Write-only members are gated by `requires` clauses, providing compile-time
+ * guarantees that read-only wrappers cannot mutate state.
+ *
+ * Derived classes should provide domain-specific accessors that hide
+ * implementation details of the underlying ledger entry format.
+ */
+template <typename ViewT>
+class SLEBase
+{
+public:
+    static constexpr bool kIsWritable = WritableView<ViewT>;
+
+    // SLE pointer type: mutable for writable views, const for read-only
+    using sle_ptr_type = std::conditional_t<kIsWritable, std::shared_ptr<SLE>, SLE::const_pointer>;
+
+    // View reference type: ApplyView& for writable, ReadView const& for read-only
+    using view_ref_type = std::conditional_t<kIsWritable, ApplyView&, ReadView const&>;
+
+    virtual ~SLEBase() = default;
+
+    SLEBase(SLEBase const&) = default;
+    SLEBase(SLEBase&&) = default;
+    SLEBase&
+    operator=(SLEBase const&) = delete;
+    SLEBase&
+    operator=(SLEBase&&) = delete;
+    SLEBase() = delete;
+
+    // --- Common interface (always available) ---
+
+    /** Returns true if the ledger entry exists */
+    [[nodiscard]] bool
+    exists() const
+    {
+        return sle_ != nullptr;
+    }
+
+    /** Explicit conversion to bool for convenient existence checking */
+    explicit
+    operator bool() const
+    {
+        return exists();
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the underlying SLE for read access */
+    [[nodiscard]] SLE::const_pointer
+    sle() const
+    {
+        return sle_;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the read view (always available; ApplyView inherits ReadView) */
+    [[nodiscard]] ReadView const&
+    readView() const
+    {
+        return view_;
+    }
+
+    /** Const dereference operators (always available) */
+    STLedgerEntry const*
+    operator->() const
+    {
+        XRPL_ASSERT(exists(), "xrpl::SLEBase::operator-> : exists");
+        return sle_.get();
+    }
+
+    STLedgerEntry const&
+    operator*() const
+    {
+        XRPL_ASSERT(exists(), "xrpl::SLEBase::operator* : exists");
+        return *sle_;
+    }
+
+    // --- Writable interface (compile-time gated) ---
+
+    /** Returns a mutable SLE for write operations */
+    [[nodiscard]] sle_ptr_type const&
+    mutableSle() const
+        requires kIsWritable
+    {
+        return sle_;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns true if this wrapper supports write operations */
+    [[nodiscard]] bool
+    canModify() const
+        requires kIsWritable
+    {
+        return sle_ != nullptr;
+    }
+
+    /** Returns the apply view for write operations */
+    [[nodiscard]] ApplyView&
+    applyView() const
+        requires kIsWritable
+    {
+        return view_;
+    }
+
+    /** Mutable dereference operators */
+    STLedgerEntry*
+    operator->()
+        requires kIsWritable
+    {
+        XRPL_ASSERT(canModify(), "xrpl::SLEBase::operator-> : can modify");
+        return sle_.get();
+    }
+
+    STLedgerEntry&
+    operator*()
+        requires kIsWritable
+    {
+        XRPL_ASSERT(canModify(), "xrpl::SLEBase::operator* : can modify");
+        return *sle_;
+    }
+
+    void
+    insert()
+        requires kIsWritable
+    {
+        XRPL_ASSERT(canModify(), "xrpl::SLEBase::insert : can modify");
+        view_.insert(sle_);
+    }
+
+    void
+    erase()
+        requires kIsWritable
+    {
+        XRPL_ASSERT(canModify(), "xrpl::SLEBase::erase : can modify");
+        view_.erase(sle_);
+    }
+
+    void
+    update()
+        requires kIsWritable
+    {
+        XRPL_ASSERT(canModify(), "xrpl::SLEBase::update : can modify");
+        view_.update(sle_);
+    }
+
+    void
+    newSLE()
+        requires kIsWritable
+    {
+        XRPL_ASSERT(!canModify(), "xrpl::SLEBase::newSLE : no existing SLE");
+        sle_ = std::make_shared<SLE>(key_);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] beast::Journal
+    journal() const
+    {
+        return j_;
+    }
+
+protected:
+    /** Constructor for read-only context */
+    explicit SLEBase(
+        SLE::const_pointer sle,
+        ReadView const& view,
+        beast::Journal j = beast::Journal{beast::Journal::getNullSink()})
+        requires(!kIsWritable)
+        : view_(view), sle_(std::move(sle)), j_(j)
+    {
+    }
+
+    /** Converting constructor: writable → read-only.
+     *  Enables implicit conversion from SLEBase<ApplyView> to
+     *  SLEBase<ReadView>, so functions taking ReadOnlySLE const& can
+     *  accept WritableSLE.
+     */
+    template <WritableView OtherViewT>
+    SLEBase(SLEBase<OtherViewT> const& other)
+        requires(!kIsWritable)
+        : view_(other.readView()), sle_(other.sle()), j_(other.journal())
+    {
+    }
+
+    /** Constructor for writable context (from existing SLE) */
+    explicit SLEBase(
+        std::shared_ptr<SLE> sle,
+        ApplyView& view,
+        beast::Journal j = beast::Journal{beast::Journal::getNullSink()})
+        requires kIsWritable
+        : view_(view)
+        , key_(sle ? Keylet(sle->getType(), sle->key()) : Keylet(ltANY, uint256{}))
+        , sle_(std::move(sle))
+        , j_(j)
+    {
+    }
+
+    /** Constructor for writable context (peek from view by keylet) */
+    explicit SLEBase(
+        Keylet const& key,
+        ApplyView& view,
+        beast::Journal j = beast::Journal{beast::Journal::getNullSink()})
+        requires kIsWritable
+        : view_(view), key_(key), sle_(view_.peek(key)), j_(j)
+    {
+    }
+
+    view_ref_type view_;
+
+    // Keylet is only meaningful for writable views, but we conditionally
+    // include it to avoid wasting space in read-only wrappers.
+    struct Empty
+    {
+    };
+    [[no_unique_address]]
+    std::conditional_t<kIsWritable, Keylet, Empty> key_{};
+
+    sle_ptr_type sle_;
+    beast::Journal j_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace xrpl

include/xrpl/ledger/helpers/TokenHelpers.h

@@ -34,15 +34,6 @@ enum class WaiveTransferFee : bool { No = false, Yes };
 /** Controls whether accountSend is allowed to overflow OutstandingAmount **/
 enum class AllowMPTOverflow : bool { No = false, Yes };
 
-/** Controls whether canTransfer enforces lsfMPTCanTransfer on MPTs.
- *
- *  Default is No (enforce). Use Yes at call sites that must remain available
- *  even when an MPT issuer has cleared lsfMPTCanTransfer - for example,
- *  unwinding existing positions in SAV or the Lending Protocol. Has no
- *  effect on the IOU branch of canTransfer.
- */
-enum class WaiveMPTCanTransfer : bool { No = false, Yes };
-
 /* Check if MPToken (for MPT) or trust line (for IOU) exists:
  * - StrongAuth - before checking if authorization is required
  * - WeakAuth
@@ -54,6 +45,50 @@ enum class WaiveMPTCanTransfer : bool { No = false, Yes };
  */
 enum class AuthType { StrongAuth, WeakAuth, Legacy };
 
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// TokenBase<ViewT>: abstract interface shared by MPTokenIssuance and IOUIssuance.
+//
+// This is a pure-interface base (no data members), used as a second base class
+// alongside SLEBase<V> (for MPT) or AccountRoot<V> (for IOU) so callers can hold
+// a polymorphic reference and dispatch without knowing the token kind. Methods
+// whose semantics differ slightly between IOU and MPT are unified here with the
+// MPT signature (e.g. `int depth`); IOU implementations ignore depth.
+//
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+template <typename ViewT>
+class TokenBase
+{
+public:
+    virtual ~TokenBase() = default;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] virtual bool
+    isGlobalFrozen() const = 0;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] virtual bool
+    isIndividualFrozen(AccountID const& account) const = 0;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] virtual bool
+    isFrozen(AccountID const& account, int depth = 0) const = 0;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] virtual Rate
+    transferRate() const = 0;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] virtual TER
+    requireAuth(AccountID const& account, AuthType authType = AuthType::Legacy, int depth = 0)
+        const = 0;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] virtual TER
+    canTransfer(AccountID const& from, AccountID const& to) const = 0;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] virtual bool
+    canClawback() const = 0;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] virtual bool
+    requiresAuth() const = 0;
+};
+
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 //
 // Freeze checking (Asset-based dispatchers)
@@ -63,26 +98,16 @@ enum class AuthType { StrongAuth, WeakAuth, Legacy };
 [[nodiscard]] bool
 isGlobalFrozen(ReadView const& view, Asset const& asset);
 
-[[nodiscard]] TER
-checkGlobalFrozen(ReadView const& view, Asset const& asset);
-
 [[nodiscard]] bool
 isIndividualFrozen(ReadView const& view, AccountID const& account, Asset const& asset);
 
-[[nodiscard]] TER
-checkIndividualFrozen(ReadView const& view, AccountID const& account, Asset const& asset);
-
 /**
  *   isFrozen check is recursive for MPT shares in a vault, descending to
  *   assets in the vault, up to maxAssetCheckDepth recursion depth. This is
  *   purely defensive, as we currently do not allow such vaults to be created.
  */
 [[nodiscard]] bool
-isFrozen(
-    ReadView const& view,
-    AccountID const& account,
-    Asset const& asset,
-    std::uint8_t depth = 0);
+isFrozen(ReadView const& view, AccountID const& account, Asset const& asset, int depth = 0);
 
 [[nodiscard]] TER
 checkFrozen(ReadView const& view, AccountID const& account, Issue const& issue);
@@ -104,14 +129,14 @@ isAnyFrozen(
     ReadView const& view,
     std::initializer_list<AccountID> const& accounts,
     Asset const& asset,
-    std::uint8_t depth = 0);
+    int depth = 0);
 
 [[nodiscard]] bool
 isDeepFrozen(
     ReadView const& view,
     AccountID const& account,
     MPTIssue const& mptIssue,
-    std::uint8_t depth = 0);
+    int depth = 0);
 
 /**
  *   isFrozen check is recursive for MPT shares in a vault, descending to
@@ -119,11 +144,7 @@ isDeepFrozen(
  *   purely defensive, as we currently do not allow such vaults to be created.
  */
 [[nodiscard]] bool
-isDeepFrozen(
-    ReadView const& view,
-    AccountID const& account,
-    Asset const& asset,
-    std::uint8_t depth = 0);
+isDeepFrozen(ReadView const& view, AccountID const& account, Asset const& asset, int depth = 0);
 
 [[nodiscard]] TER
 checkDeepFrozen(ReadView const& view, AccountID const& account, MPTIssue const& mptIssue);
@@ -139,10 +160,10 @@ checkDeepFrozen(ReadView const& view, AccountID const& account, Asset const& ass
 
 // Returns the amount an account can spend.
 //
-// If shSIMPLE_BALANCE is specified, this is the amount the account can spend
+// If SpendableHandling::SimpleBalance is specified, this is the amount the account can spend
 // without going into debt.
 //
-// If shFULL_BALANCE is specified, this is the amount the account can spend
+// If SpendableHandling::FullBalance is specified, this is the amount the account can spend
 // total. Specifically:
 // * The account can go into debt if using a trust line, and the other side has
 // a non-zero limit.
@@ -257,13 +278,7 @@ requireAuth(
     AuthType authType = AuthType::Legacy);
 
 [[nodiscard]] TER
-canTransfer(
-    ReadView const& view,
-    Asset const& asset,
-    AccountID const& from,
-    AccountID const& to,
-    WaiveMPTCanTransfer waive = WaiveMPTCanTransfer::No,
-    std::uint8_t depth = 0);
+canTransfer(ReadView const& view, Asset const& asset, AccountID const& from, AccountID const& to);
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 //
@@ -274,7 +289,7 @@ canTransfer(
 // Direct send w/o fees:
 // - Redeeming IOUs and/or sending sender's own IOUs.
 // - Create trust line of needed.
-// --> bCheckIssuer : normally require issuer to be involved.
+// bCheckIssuer : normally require issuer to be involved.
 // [[nodiscard]] // nodiscard commented out so DirectStep.cpp compiles.
 
 /** Calls static directSendNoFeeIOU if saAmount represents Issue.

include/xrpl/net/HTTPClientSSLContext.h

@@ -21,13 +21,13 @@ public:
         bool sslVerify,
         beast::Journal j,
         boost::asio::ssl::context_base::method method = boost::asio::ssl::context::sslv23)
-        : sslContext_{method}, j_(j), verify_{sslVerify}
+        : ssl_context_{method}, j_(j), verify_{sslVerify}
     {
         boost::system::error_code ec;
 
         if (sslVerifyFile.empty())
         {
-            registerSSLCerts(sslContext_, ec, j_);
+            registerSSLCerts(ssl_context_, ec, j_);
 
             if (ec && sslVerifyDir.empty())
             {
@@ -37,12 +37,12 @@ public:
         }
         else
         {
-            sslContext_.load_verify_file(sslVerifyFile);
+            ssl_context_.load_verify_file(sslVerifyFile);
         }
 
         if (!sslVerifyDir.empty())
         {
-            sslContext_.add_verify_path(sslVerifyDir, ec);
+            ssl_context_.add_verify_path(sslVerifyDir, ec);
 
             if (ec)
             {
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ public:
     boost::asio::ssl::context&
     context()
     {
-        return sslContext_;
+        return ssl_context_;
     }
 
     [[nodiscard]] bool
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ public:
     }
 
 private:
-    boost::asio::ssl::context sslContext_;
+    boost::asio::ssl::context ssl_context_;
     beast::Journal const j_;
     bool const verify_;
 };

include/xrpl/nodestore/Backend.h

@@ -83,6 +83,10 @@ public:
     virtual Status
     fetch(uint256 const& hash, std::shared_ptr<NodeObject>* pObject) = 0;
 
+    /** Fetch a batch synchronously. */
+    virtual std::pair<std::vector<std::shared_ptr<NodeObject>>, Status>
+    fetchBatch(std::vector<uint256> const& hashes) = 0;
+
     /** Store a single object.
         Depending on the implementation this may happen immediately
         or deferred using a scheduled task.

include/xrpl/nodestore/detail/DatabaseNodeImp.h

@@ -67,6 +67,9 @@ public:
         backend_->sync();
     }
 
+    std::vector<std::shared_ptr<NodeObject>>
+    fetchBatch(std::vector<uint256> const& hashes);
+
     void
     asyncFetch(
         uint256 const& hash,

include/xrpl/protocol/Book.h

@@ -140,8 +140,8 @@ private:
     using issue_hasher = std::hash<xrpl::Issue>;
     using mptissue_hasher = std::hash<xrpl::MPTIssue>;
 
-    issue_hasher mIssueHasher_;
-    mptissue_hasher mMptissueHasher_;
+    issue_hasher m_issue_hasher_;
+    mptissue_hasher m_mptissue_hasher_;
 
 public:
     explicit hash() = default;
@@ -151,11 +151,11 @@ public:
     {
         return asset.visit(
             [&](xrpl::Issue const& issue) {
-                value_type const result(mIssueHasher_(issue));
+                value_type const result(m_issue_hasher_(issue));
                 return result;
             },
             [&](xrpl::MPTIssue const& issue) {
-                value_type const result(mMptissueHasher_(issue));
+                value_type const result(m_mptissue_hasher_(issue));
                 return result;
             });
     }
@@ -170,8 +170,8 @@ private:
     using asset_hasher = std::hash<xrpl::Asset>;
     using uint256_hasher = xrpl::uint256::hasher;
 
-    asset_hasher issueHasher_;
-    uint256_hasher uint256Hasher_;
+    asset_hasher issue_hasher_;
+    uint256_hasher uint256_hasher_;
 
 public:
     hash() = default;
@@ -182,11 +182,11 @@ public:
     value_type
     operator()(argument_type const& value) const
     {
-        value_type result(issueHasher_(value.in));
-        boost::hash_combine(result, issueHasher_(value.out));
+        value_type result(issue_hasher_(value.in));
+        boost::hash_combine(result, issue_hasher_(value.out));
 
         if (value.domain)
-            boost::hash_combine(result, uint256Hasher_(*value.domain));
+            boost::hash_combine(result, uint256_hasher_(*value.domain));
 
         return result;
     }

include/xrpl/protocol/ErrorCodes.h

@@ -172,24 +172,24 @@ struct ErrorInfo
 {
     // Default ctor needed to produce an empty std::array during constexpr eval.
     constexpr ErrorInfo()
-        : code(RpcUnknown), token("unknown"), message("An unknown error code."), httpStatus(200)
+        : code(RpcUnknown), token("unknown"), message("An unknown error code."), http_status(200)
     {
     }
 
     constexpr ErrorInfo(ErrorCodeI code, char const* token, char const* message)
-        : code(code), token(token), message(message), httpStatus(200)
+        : code(code), token(token), message(message), http_status(200)
     {
     }
 
     constexpr ErrorInfo(ErrorCodeI code, char const* token, char const* message, int httpStatus)
-        : code(code), token(token), message(message), httpStatus(httpStatus)
+        : code(code), token(token), message(message), http_status(httpStatus)
     {
     }
 
     ErrorCodeI code;
     json::StaticString token;
     json::StaticString message;
-    int httpStatus;
+    int http_status;
 };
 
 /** Returns an ErrorInfo that reflects the error code. */

include/xrpl/protocol/Indexes.h

@@ -287,7 +287,7 @@ credential(uint256 const& key) noexcept
 }
 
 Keylet
-mptIssuance(std::uint32_t seq, AccountID const& issuer) noexcept;
+mptIssuance(std::uint32_t const seq, AccountID const& issuer) noexcept;
 
 Keylet
 mptIssuance(MPTID const& issuanceID) noexcept;

include/xrpl/protocol/SField.h

@@ -365,8 +365,8 @@ using SF_XCHAIN_BRIDGE = TypedField<STXChainBridge>;
 #define UNTYPED_SFIELD(sfName, stiSuffix, fieldValue, ...) extern SField const sfName;
 #define TYPED_SFIELD(sfName, stiSuffix, fieldValue, ...) extern SF_##stiSuffix const sfName;
 
-extern SField const sfInvalid;  // NOLINT(readability-identifier-naming)
-extern SField const sfGeneric;  // NOLINT(readability-identifier-naming)
+extern SField const kSfInvalid;
+extern SField const kSfGeneric;
 
 #include <xrpl/protocol/detail/sfields.macro>
 

include/xrpl/protocol/STAmount.h

@@ -3,13 +3,11 @@
 #include <xrpl/basics/CountedObject.h>
 #include <xrpl/basics/LocalValue.h>
 #include <xrpl/basics/Number.h>
-#include <xrpl/beast/utility/Journal.h>
 #include <xrpl/beast/utility/instrumentation.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Asset.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/IOUAmount.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Issue.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/MPTAmount.h>
-#include <xrpl/protocol/Protocol.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/SField.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/STBase.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Serializer.h>
@@ -186,24 +184,6 @@ public:
     [[nodiscard]] STAmount const&
     value() const noexcept;
 
-    /**
-     * Checks if this amount evaluates to zero when constrained to a specific
-     * accounting scale.
-     *
-     * For XRP and MPT `roundToScale` is a no-op, returns true only when the amount itself is zero.
-     * The `scale` argument is ignored in that case.
-     * For IOU, the amount is rounded to the given scale using Number::RoundingMode::ToNearest mode
-     * and the result is checked for zero; if `scale <= exponent()`, `roundToScale` short-circuits
-     * and returns the value unchanged, so this returns false for any non-zero amount.
-     *
-     * @param scale The target accounting scale to evaluate against.
-     * @return `true` if this amount rounds to zero at the given scale, `false` otherwise.
-     *
-     * @see roundToScale
-     */
-    [[nodiscard]] bool
-    isZeroAtScale(int scale) const;
-
     //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
     //
     // Operators
@@ -595,25 +575,12 @@ STAmount::value() const noexcept
     return *this;
 }
 
-[[nodiscard]] inline bool
+inline bool
 isLegalNet(STAmount const& value)
 {
     return !value.native() || (value.mantissa() <= STAmount::kMaxNativeN);
 }
 
-[[nodiscard]] inline bool
-isLegalMPT(STAmount const& value)
-{
-    return !value.holds<MPTIssue>() ||
-        (!value.negative() && value.exponent() == 0 && value.mantissa() <= kMaxMpTokenAmount);
-}
-
-/* Check recursively if an object has invalid MPTAmount or XRPAmount in STAmount field.
- * Calls isLegalNet() and isLegalMPT().
- */
-[[nodiscard]] bool
-hasInvalidAmount(STBase const& field, beast::Journal j);
-
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 //
 // Operators

include/xrpl/protocol/STBlob.h

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ public:
     STBlob(SField const& f, void const* data, std::size_t size);
     STBlob(SField const& f, Buffer&& b);
     STBlob(SField const& n);
-    STBlob(SerialIter&, SField const& name = sfGeneric);
+    STBlob(SerialIter&, SField const& name = kSfGeneric);
 
     [[nodiscard]] std::size_t
     size() const;

include/xrpl/protocol/STPathSet.h

@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@ class STPathElement final : public CountedObject<STPathElement>
     PathAsset assetID_;
     AccountID issuerID_;
 
-    bool isOffer_;
-    std::size_t hashValue_;
+    bool is_offer_;
+    std::size_t hash_value_;
 
 public:
     // Bitwise values (typeCurrency | typeMPT)
@@ -235,9 +235,9 @@ private:
 
 // ------------ STPathElement ------------
 
-inline STPathElement::STPathElement() : type_(TypeNone), isOffer_(true)
+inline STPathElement::STPathElement() : type_(TypeNone), is_offer_(true)
 {
-    hashValue_ = getHash(*this);
+    hash_value_ = getHash(*this);
 }
 
 inline STPathElement::STPathElement(
@@ -248,11 +248,11 @@ inline STPathElement::STPathElement(
 {
     if (!account)
     {
-        isOffer_ = true;
+        is_offer_ = true;
     }
     else
     {
-        isOffer_ = false;
+        is_offer_ = false;
         accountID_ = *account;
         type_ |= TypeAccount;
         XRPL_ASSERT(
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ inline STPathElement::STPathElement(
         XRPL_ASSERT(issuerID_ != noAccount(), "xrpl::STPathElement::STPathElement : issuer is set");
     }
 
-    hashValue_ = getHash(*this);
+    hash_value_ = getHash(*this);
 }
 
 inline STPathElement::STPathElement(
@@ -284,9 +284,9 @@ inline STPathElement::STPathElement(
     , accountID_(account)
     , assetID_(asset)
     , issuerID_(issuer)
-    , isOffer_(isXRP(accountID_))
+    , is_offer_(isXRP(accountID_))
 {
-    if (!isOffer_)
+    if (!is_offer_)
         type_ |= TypeAccount;
 
     if (forceAsset || !isXRP(assetID_))
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ inline STPathElement::STPathElement(
     if (!isXRP(issuer))
         type_ |= TypeIssuer;
 
-    hashValue_ = getHash(*this);
+    hash_value_ = getHash(*this);
 }
 
 inline STPathElement::STPathElement(
@@ -307,12 +307,12 @@ inline STPathElement::STPathElement(
     , accountID_(account)
     , assetID_(asset)
     , issuerID_(issuer)
-    , isOffer_(isXRP(accountID_))
+    , is_offer_(isXRP(accountID_))
 {
     assetID_.visit(
         [&](Currency const&) { type_ = type_ & (~Type::TypeMpt); },
         [&](MPTID const&) { type_ = type_ & (~Type::TypeCurrency); });
-    hashValue_ = getHash(*this);
+    hash_value_ = getHash(*this);
 }
 
 inline auto
@@ -324,7 +324,7 @@ STPathElement::getNodeType() const
 inline bool
 STPathElement::isOffer() const
 {
-    return isOffer_;
+    return is_offer_;
 }
 
 inline bool
@@ -404,7 +404,7 @@ STPathElement::getIssuerID() const
 inline bool
 STPathElement::operator==(STPathElement const& t) const
 {
-    return (type_ & TypeAccount) == (t.type_ & TypeAccount) && hashValue_ == t.hashValue_ &&
+    return (type_ & TypeAccount) == (t.type_ & TypeAccount) && hash_value_ == t.hash_value_ &&
         accountID_ == t.accountID_ && assetID_ == t.assetID_ && issuerID_ == t.issuerID_;
 }
 

include/xrpl/protocol/STTx.h

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ enum class TxnSql : char {
 class STTx final : public STObject, public CountedObject<STTx>
 {
     uint256 tid_;
-    TxType txType_;
+    TxType tx_type_;
 
 public:
     static constexpr std::size_t kMinMultiSigners = 1;
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ inline STTx::STTx(SerialIter&& sit)  // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-rvalue-referenc
 inline TxType
 STTx::getTxnType() const
 {
-    return txType_;
+    return tx_type_;
 }
 
 inline Blob

include/xrpl/protocol/detail/ledger_entries.macro

@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ LEDGER_ENTRY(ltSIGNER_LIST, 0x0053, SignerList, signer_list, ({
 
 /** A ledger object which describes a ticket.
 
-    \sa keylet::kTicket
+    \sa keylet::kTICKET
  */
 LEDGER_ENTRY(ltTICKET, 0x0054, Ticket, ticket, ({
     {sfAccount,              SoeRequired},
@@ -400,7 +400,6 @@ LEDGER_ENTRY(ltMPTOKEN_ISSUANCE, 0x007e, MPTokenIssuance, mpt_issuance, ({
     {sfPreviousTxnLgrSeq,        SoeRequired},
     {sfDomainID,                 SoeOptional},
     {sfMutableFlags,             SoeDefault},
-    {sfReferenceHolding,         SoeOptional},
 }))
 
 /** A ledger object which tracks MPToken
@@ -592,7 +591,7 @@ LEDGER_ENTRY(ltLOAN, 0x0089, Loan, loan, ({
     //      LoanBroker.ManagementFeeRate
     //   The unrounded true total fee still owed to the broker.
     //
-    // Note the "True" values may differ significantly from the tracked
+    // Note the the "True" values may differ significantly from the tracked
     // rounded values.
     {sfPaymentRemaining,         SoeDefault},
     {sfPeriodicPayment,          SoeRequired},

include/xrpl/protocol/detail/sfields.macro

@@ -205,7 +205,6 @@ TYPED_SFIELD(sfParentBatchID,            UINT256,   36)
 TYPED_SFIELD(sfLoanBrokerID,             UINT256,   37,
     SField::kSmdPseudoAccount | SField::kSmdDefault)
 TYPED_SFIELD(sfLoanID,                   UINT256,   38)
-TYPED_SFIELD(sfReferenceHolding,         UINT256,   39)
 
 // number (common)
 TYPED_SFIELD(sfNumber,                   NUMBER,     1)

include/xrpl/protocol/detail/transactions.macro

@@ -688,7 +688,6 @@ TRANSACTION(ttLEDGER_STATE_FIX, 53, LedgerStateFix,
     ({
     {sfLedgerFixType, SoeRequired},
     {sfOwner, SoeOptional},
-    {sfBookDirectory, SoeOptional},
 }))
 
 /** This transaction type creates a MPTokensIssuance instance */

include/xrpl/protocol_autogen/ledger_entries/MPTokenIssuance.h

@@ -278,30 +278,6 @@ public:
     {
         return this->sle_->isFieldPresent(sfMutableFlags);
     }
-
-    /**
-     * @brief Get sfReferenceHolding (SoeOptional)
-     * @return The field value, or std::nullopt if not present.
-     */
-    [[nodiscard]]
-    protocol_autogen::Optional<SF_UINT256::type::value_type>
-    getReferenceHolding() const
-    {
-        if (hasReferenceHolding())
-            return this->sle_->at(sfReferenceHolding);
-        return std::nullopt;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * @brief Check if sfReferenceHolding is present.
-     * @return True if the field is present, false otherwise.
-     */
-    [[nodiscard]]
-    bool
-    hasReferenceHolding() const
-    {
-        return this->sle_->isFieldPresent(sfReferenceHolding);
-    }
 };
 
 /**
@@ -493,17 +469,6 @@ public:
         return *this;
     }
 
-    /**
-     * @brief Set sfReferenceHolding (SoeOptional)
-     * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
-     */
-    MPTokenIssuanceBuilder&
-    setReferenceHolding(std::decay_t<typename SF_UINT256::type::value_type> const& value)
-    {
-        object_[sfReferenceHolding] = value;
-        return *this;
-    }
-
     /**
      * @brief Build and return the completed MPTokenIssuance wrapper.
      * @param index The ledger entry index.

include/xrpl/protocol_autogen/transactions/LedgerStateFix.h

@@ -83,32 +83,6 @@ public:
     {
         return this->tx_->isFieldPresent(sfOwner);
     }
-
-    /**
-     * @brief Get sfBookDirectory (SoeOptional)
-     * @return The field value, or std::nullopt if not present.
-     */
-    [[nodiscard]]
-    protocol_autogen::Optional<SF_UINT256::type::value_type>
-    getBookDirectory() const
-    {
-        if (hasBookDirectory())
-        {
-            return this->tx_->at(sfBookDirectory);
-        }
-        return std::nullopt;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * @brief Check if sfBookDirectory is present.
-     * @return True if the field is present, false otherwise.
-     */
-    [[nodiscard]]
-    bool
-    hasBookDirectory() const
-    {
-        return this->tx_->isFieldPresent(sfBookDirectory);
-    }
 };
 
 /**
@@ -175,17 +149,6 @@ public:
         return *this;
     }
 
-    /**
-     * @brief Set sfBookDirectory (SoeOptional)
-     * @return Reference to this builder for method chaining.
-     */
-    LedgerStateFixBuilder&
-    setBookDirectory(std::decay_t<typename SF_UINT256::type::value_type> const& value)
-    {
-        object_[sfBookDirectory] = value;
-        return *this;
-    }
-
     /**
      * @brief Build and return the LedgerStateFix wrapper.
      * @param publicKey The public key for signing.

include/xrpl/resource/detail/Entry.h

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ struct Entry : public beast::List<Entry>::Node
        @param now Construction time of Entry.
     */
     explicit Entry(clock_type::time_point const now)
-        : refcount(0), localBalance(now), remoteBalance(0)
+        : refcount(0), local_balance(now), remote_balance(0)
     {
     }
 
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ struct Entry : public beast::List<Entry>::Node
     int
     balance(clock_type::time_point const now)
     {
-        return localBalance.value(now) + remoteBalance;
+        return local_balance.value(now) + remote_balance;
     }
 
     // Add a charge and return normalized balance
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ struct Entry : public beast::List<Entry>::Node
     int
     add(int charge, clock_type::time_point const now)
     {
-        return localBalance.add(charge, now) + remoteBalance;
+        return local_balance.add(charge, now) + remote_balance;
     }
 
     // The public key of the peer
@@ -67,10 +67,10 @@ struct Entry : public beast::List<Entry>::Node
     int refcount;
 
     // Exponentially decaying balance of resource consumption
-    DecayingSample<kDecayWindowSeconds, clock_type> localBalance;
+    DecayingSample<kDecayWindowSeconds, clock_type> local_balance;
 
     // Normalized balance contribution from imports
-    int remoteBalance;
+    int remote_balance;
 
     // Time of the last warning
     clock_type::time_point lastWarningTime;

include/xrpl/resource/detail/Key.h

@@ -25,11 +25,11 @@ struct Key
         std::size_t
         operator()(Key const& v) const
         {
-            return addrHash_(v.address);
+            return addr_hash_(v.address);
         }
 
     private:
-        beast::Uhash<> addrHash_;
+        beast::Uhash<> addr_hash_;
     };
 
     struct KeyEqual

include/xrpl/resource/detail/Logic.h

@@ -194,34 +194,34 @@ public:
 
         for (auto& inboundEntry : inbound_)
         {
-            int const localBalance = inboundEntry.localBalance.value(now);
-            if ((localBalance + inboundEntry.remoteBalance) >= threshold)
+            int const localBalance = inboundEntry.local_balance.value(now);
+            if ((localBalance + inboundEntry.remote_balance) >= threshold)
             {
                 json::Value& entry = (ret[inboundEntry.toString()] = json::ValueType::Object);
                 entry[jss::local] = localBalance;
-                entry[jss::remote] = inboundEntry.remoteBalance;
+                entry[jss::remote] = inboundEntry.remote_balance;
                 entry[jss::type] = "inbound";
             }
         }
         for (auto& outboundEntry : outbound_)
         {
-            int const localBalance = outboundEntry.localBalance.value(now);
-            if ((localBalance + outboundEntry.remoteBalance) >= threshold)
+            int const localBalance = outboundEntry.local_balance.value(now);
+            if ((localBalance + outboundEntry.remote_balance) >= threshold)
             {
                 json::Value& entry = (ret[outboundEntry.toString()] = json::ValueType::Object);
                 entry[jss::local] = localBalance;
-                entry[jss::remote] = outboundEntry.remoteBalance;
+                entry[jss::remote] = outboundEntry.remote_balance;
                 entry[jss::type] = "outbound";
             }
         }
         for (auto& adminEntry : admin_)
         {
-            int const localBalance = adminEntry.localBalance.value(now);
-            if ((localBalance + adminEntry.remoteBalance) >= threshold)
+            int const localBalance = adminEntry.local_balance.value(now);
+            if ((localBalance + adminEntry.remote_balance) >= threshold)
             {
                 json::Value& entry = (ret[adminEntry.toString()] = json::ValueType::Object);
                 entry[jss::local] = localBalance;
-                entry[jss::remote] = adminEntry.remoteBalance;
+                entry[jss::remote] = adminEntry.remote_balance;
                 entry[jss::type] = "admin";
             }
         }
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ public:
         for (auto& inboundEntry : inbound_)
         {
             Gossip::Item item;
-            item.balance = inboundEntry.localBalance.value(now);
+            item.balance = inboundEntry.local_balance.value(now);
             if (item.balance >= kMinimumGossipBalance)
             {
                 item.address = inboundEntry.key->address;
@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ public:
                     Import::Item item;
                     item.balance = gossipItem.balance;
                     item.consumer = newInboundEndpoint(gossipItem.address);
-                    item.consumer.entry().remoteBalance += item.balance;
+                    item.consumer.entry().remote_balance += item.balance;
                     next.items.push_back(item);
                 }
             }
@@ -295,14 +295,14 @@ public:
                     Import::Item item;
                     item.balance = gossipItem.balance;
                     item.consumer = newInboundEndpoint(gossipItem.address);
-                    item.consumer.entry().remoteBalance += item.balance;
+                    item.consumer.entry().remote_balance += item.balance;
                     next.items.push_back(item);
                 }
 
                 Import& prev(resultIt->second);
                 for (auto& item : prev.items)
                 {
-                    item.consumer.entry().remoteBalance -= item.balance;
+                    item.consumer.entry().remote_balance -= item.balance;
                 }
 
                 std::swap(next, prev);
@@ -345,7 +345,7 @@ public:
                 for (auto itemIter(import.items.begin()); itemIter != import.items.end();
                      ++itemIter)
                 {
-                    itemIter->consumer.entry().remoteBalance -= itemIter->balance;
+                    itemIter->consumer.entry().remote_balance -= itemIter->balance;
                 }
 
                 iter = importTable_.erase(iter);
@@ -520,8 +520,8 @@ public:
                 item["count"] = entry.refcount;
             item["name"] = entry.toString();
             item["balance"] = entry.balance(now);
-            if (entry.remoteBalance != 0)
-                item["remote_balance"] = entry.remoteBalance;
+            if (entry.remote_balance != 0)
+                item["remote_balance"] = entry.remote_balance;
         }
     }
 

include/xrpl/server/Handoff.h

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ struct Handoff
     bool moved = false;
 
     // If response is set, this determines the keep alive
-    bool keepAlive = false;
+    bool keep_alive = false;
 
     // When set, this will be sent back
     std::shared_ptr<Writer> response;

include/xrpl/server/Port.h

@@ -30,19 +30,19 @@ struct Port
     boost::asio::ip::address ip;
     std::uint16_t port = 0;
     std::set<std::string, boost::beast::iless> protocol;
-    std::vector<boost::asio::ip::network_v4> adminNetsV4;
-    std::vector<boost::asio::ip::network_v6> adminNetsV6;
-    std::vector<boost::asio::ip::network_v4> secureGatewayNetsV4;
-    std::vector<boost::asio::ip::network_v6> secureGatewayNetsV6;
+    std::vector<boost::asio::ip::network_v4> admin_nets_v4;
+    std::vector<boost::asio::ip::network_v6> admin_nets_v6;
+    std::vector<boost::asio::ip::network_v4> secure_gateway_nets_v4;
+    std::vector<boost::asio::ip::network_v6> secure_gateway_nets_v6;
     std::string user;
     std::string password;
-    std::string adminUser;
-    std::string adminPassword;
-    std::string sslKey;
-    std::string sslCert;
-    std::string sslChain;
-    std::string sslCiphers;
-    boost::beast::websocket::permessage_deflate pmdOptions;
+    std::string admin_user;
+    std::string admin_password;
+    std::string ssl_key;
+    std::string ssl_cert;
+    std::string ssl_chain;
+    std::string ssl_ciphers;
+    boost::beast::websocket::permessage_deflate pmd_options;
     std::shared_ptr<boost::asio::ssl::context> context;
 
     // How many incoming connections are allowed on this
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ struct Port
     int limit = 0;
 
     // Websocket disconnects if send queue exceeds this limit
-    std::uint16_t wsQueueLimit{};
+    std::uint16_t ws_queue_limit{};
 
     // Returns `true` if any websocket protocols are specified
     [[nodiscard]] bool
@@ -78,22 +78,22 @@ struct ParsedPort
     std::set<std::string, boost::beast::iless> protocol;
     std::string user;
     std::string password;
-    std::string adminUser;
-    std::string adminPassword;
-    std::string sslKey;
-    std::string sslCert;
-    std::string sslChain;
-    std::string sslCiphers;
-    boost::beast::websocket::permessage_deflate pmdOptions;
+    std::string admin_user;
+    std::string admin_password;
+    std::string ssl_key;
+    std::string ssl_cert;
+    std::string ssl_chain;
+    std::string ssl_ciphers;
+    boost::beast::websocket::permessage_deflate pmd_options;
     int limit = 0;
-    std::uint16_t wsQueueLimit{};
+    std::uint16_t ws_queue_limit{};
 
     std::optional<boost::asio::ip::address> ip;
     std::optional<std::uint16_t> port;
-    std::vector<boost::asio::ip::network_v4> adminNetsV4;
-    std::vector<boost::asio::ip::network_v6> adminNetsV6;
-    std::vector<boost::asio::ip::network_v4> secureGatewayNetsV4;
-    std::vector<boost::asio::ip::network_v6> secureGatewayNetsV6;
+    std::vector<boost::asio::ip::network_v4> admin_nets_v4;
+    std::vector<boost::asio::ip::network_v6> admin_nets_v6;
+    std::vector<boost::asio::ip::network_v4> secure_gateway_nets_v4;
+    std::vector<boost::asio::ip::network_v6> secure_gateway_nets_v6;
 };
 
 void

include/xrpl/server/detail/BaseHTTPPeer.h

@@ -58,13 +58,13 @@ protected:
     Handler& handler_;
     boost::asio::executor_work_guard<boost::asio::executor> work_;
     boost::asio::strand<boost::asio::executor> strand_;
-    endpoint_type remoteAddress_;
+    endpoint_type remote_address_;
     beast::Journal const journal_;
 
     std::string id_;
     std::size_t nid_;
 
-    boost::asio::streambuf readBuf_;
+    boost::asio::streambuf read_buf_;
     http_request_type message_;
     std::vector<Buffer> wq_;
     std::vector<Buffer> wq2_;
@@ -73,9 +73,9 @@ protected:
     bool complete_ = false;
     boost::system::error_code ec_;
 
-    int requestCount_ = 0;
-    std::size_t bytesIn_ = 0;
-    std::size_t bytesOut_ = 0;
+    int request_count_ = 0;
+    std::size_t bytes_in_ = 0;
+    std::size_t bytes_out_ = 0;
 
     //--------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ protected:
     beast::IP::Endpoint
     remoteAddress() override
     {
-        return beast::IPAddressConversion::fromAsio(remoteAddress_);
+        return beast::IPAddressConversion::fromAsio(remote_address_);
     }
 
     http_request_type&
@@ -191,23 +191,23 @@ BaseHTTPPeer<Handler, Impl>::BaseHTTPPeer(
     , handler_(handler)
     , work_(boost::asio::make_work_guard(executor))
     , strand_(boost::asio::make_strand(executor))
-    , remoteAddress_(std::move(remoteAddress))
+    , remote_address_(std::move(remoteAddress))
     , journal_(journal)
 {
-    readBuf_.commit(
-        boost::asio::buffer_copy(readBuf_.prepare(boost::asio::buffer_size(buffers)), buffers));
+    read_buf_.commit(
+        boost::asio::buffer_copy(read_buf_.prepare(boost::asio::buffer_size(buffers)), buffers));
     static std::atomic<int> kSid;
     nid_ = ++kSid;
     id_ = std::string("#") + std::to_string(nid_) + " ";
-    JLOG(journal_.trace()) << id_ << "accept:    " << remoteAddress_.address();
+    JLOG(journal_.trace()) << id_ << "accept:    " << remote_address_.address();
 }
 
 template <class Handler, class Impl>
 BaseHTTPPeer<Handler, Impl>::~BaseHTTPPeer()
 {
     handler_.onClose(session(), ec_);
-    JLOG(journal_.trace()) << id_ << "destroyed: " << requestCount_
-                           << ((requestCount_ == 1) ? " request" : " requests");
+    JLOG(journal_.trace()) << id_ << "destroyed: " << request_count_
+                           << ((request_count_ == 1) ? " request" : " requests");
 }
 
 template <class Handler, class Impl>
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ BaseHTTPPeer<Handler, Impl>::startTimer()
     boost::beast::get_lowest_layer(impl().stream_)
         .expires_after(
             std::chrono::seconds(
-                remoteAddress_.address().is_loopback() ? kTimeoutSecondsLocal : kTimeoutSeconds));
+                remote_address_.address().is_loopback() ? kTimeoutSecondsLocal : kTimeoutSeconds));
 }
 
 // Convenience for discarding the error code
@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ BaseHTTPPeer<Handler, Impl>::doRead(yield_context doYield)
     complete_ = false;
     error_code ec;
     startTimer();
-    boost::beast::http::async_read(impl().stream_, readBuf_, message_, doYield[ec]);
+    boost::beast::http::async_read(impl().stream_, read_buf_, message_, doYield[ec]);
     cancelTimer();
     if (ec == boost::beast::http::error::end_of_stream)
         return doClose();
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ BaseHTTPPeer<Handler, Impl>::onWrite(error_code const& ec, std::size_t bytesTran
         return onTimer();
     if (ec)
         return fail(ec, "write");
-    bytesOut_ += bytesTransferred;
+    bytes_out_ += bytesTransferred;
     {
         std::scoped_lock const lock(mutex_);
         wq2_.clear();

include/xrpl/server/detail/BasePeer.h

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ protected:
 
     Port const& port_;
     Handler& handler_;
-    endpoint_type remoteAddress_;
+    endpoint_type remote_address_;
     beast::WrappedSink sink_;
     beast::Journal const j_;
 
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ BasePeer<Handler, Impl>::BasePeer(
     beast::Journal journal)
     : port_(port)
     , handler_(handler)
-    , remoteAddress_(std::move(remoteAddress))
+    , remote_address_(std::move(remoteAddress))
     , sink_(
           journal.sink(),
           [] {

include/xrpl/server/detail/BaseWSPeer.h

@@ -42,15 +42,15 @@ private:
     /// The socket has been closed, or will close after the next write
     /// finishes. Do not do any more writes, and don't try to close
     /// again.
-    bool doClose_ = false;
+    bool do_close_ = false;
     boost::beast::websocket::close_reason cr_;
     waitable_timer timer_;
-    bool closeOnTimer_ = false;
-    bool pingActive_ = false;
+    bool close_on_timer_ = false;
+    bool ping_active_ = false;
     boost::beast::websocket::ping_data payload_;
     error_code ec_;
     std::function<void(boost::beast::websocket::frame_type, boost::beast::string_view)>
-        controlCallback_;
+        control_callback_;
 
 public:
     template <class Body, class Headers>
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ public:
     [[nodiscard]] boost::asio::ip::tcp::endpoint const&
     remoteEndpoint() const override
     {
-        return this->remoteAddress_;
+        return this->remote_address_;
     }
 
     void
@@ -173,14 +173,14 @@ BaseWSPeer<Handler, Impl>::run()
 {
     if (!strand_.running_in_this_thread())
         return post(strand_, std::bind(&BaseWSPeer::run, impl().shared_from_this()));
-    impl().ws_.set_option(port().pmdOptions);
+    impl().ws_.set_option(port().pmd_options);
     // Must manage the control callback memory outside of the `control_callback`
     // function
-    controlCallback_ =
+    control_callback_ =
         std::bind(&BaseWSPeer::onPingPong, this, std::placeholders::_1, std::placeholders::_2);
-    impl().ws_.control_callback(controlCallback_);
+    impl().ws_.control_callback(control_callback_);
     startTimer();
-    closeOnTimer_ = true;
+    close_on_timer_ = true;
     impl().ws_.set_option(boost::beast::websocket::stream_base::decorator([](auto& res) {
         res.set(boost::beast::http::field::server, BuildInfo::getFullVersionString());
     }));
@@ -198,9 +198,9 @@ BaseWSPeer<Handler, Impl>::send(std::shared_ptr<WSMsg> w)
 {
     if (!strand_.running_in_this_thread())
         return post(strand_, std::bind(&BaseWSPeer::send, impl().shared_from_this(), std::move(w)));
-    if (doClose_)
+    if (do_close_)
         return;
-    if (wq_.size() > port().wsQueueLimit)
+    if (wq_.size() > port().ws_queue_limit)
     {
         cr_.code = safeCast<decltype(cr_.code)>(boost::beast::websocket::close_code::policy_error);
         cr_.reason = "Policy error: client is too slow.";
@@ -227,9 +227,9 @@ BaseWSPeer<Handler, Impl>::close(boost::beast::websocket::close_reason const& re
 {
     if (!strand_.running_in_this_thread())
         return post(strand_, [self = impl().shared_from_this(), reason] { self->close(reason); });
-    if (doClose_)
+    if (do_close_)
         return;
-    doClose_ = true;
+    do_close_ = true;
     if (wq_.empty())
     {
         impl().ws_.async_close(
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ BaseWSPeer<Handler, Impl>::onWsHandshake(error_code const& ec)
 {
     if (ec)
         return fail(ec, "on_ws_handshake");
-    closeOnTimer_ = false;
+    close_on_timer_ = false;
     doRead();
 }
 
@@ -313,7 +313,7 @@ BaseWSPeer<Handler, Impl>::onWriteFin(error_code const& ec)
     if (ec)
         return fail(ec, "write_fin");
     wq_.pop_front();
-    if (doClose_)
+    if (do_close_)
     {
         impl().ws_.async_close(
             cr_,
@@ -409,7 +409,7 @@ BaseWSPeer<Handler, Impl>::onPing(error_code const& ec)
 {
     if (ec == boost::asio::error::operation_aborted)
         return;
-    pingActive_ = false;
+    ping_active_ = false;
     if (!ec)
         return;
     fail(ec, "on_ping");
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ BaseWSPeer<Handler, Impl>::onPingPong(
         boost::beast::string_view const p(payload_.begin());
         if (payload == p)
         {
-            closeOnTimer_ = false;
+            close_on_timer_ = false;
             JLOG(this->j_.trace()) << "got matching pong";
         }
         else
@@ -444,11 +444,11 @@ BaseWSPeer<Handler, Impl>::onTimer(error_code ec)
         return;
     if (!ec)
     {
-        if (!closeOnTimer_ || !pingActive_)
+        if (!close_on_timer_ || !ping_active_)
         {
             startTimer();
-            closeOnTimer_ = true;
-            pingActive_ = true;
+            close_on_timer_ = true;
+            ping_active_ = true;
             // cryptographic is probably overkill..
             beast::rngfill(payload_.begin(), payload_.size(), cryptoPrng());
             impl().ws_.async_ping(

include/xrpl/server/detail/Door.h

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 #include <sys/resource.h>
 
 #include <dirent.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
 #endif
 
 #include <algorithm>
@@ -60,7 +61,7 @@ private:
         boost::asio::io_context& ioc_;
         stream_type stream_;
         socket_type& socket_;
-        endpoint_type remoteAddress_;
+        endpoint_type remote_address_;
         boost::asio::strand<boost::asio::io_context::executor_type> strand_;
         beast::Journal const j_;
 
@@ -89,19 +90,16 @@ private:
     acceptor_type acceptor_;
     boost::asio::strand<boost::asio::io_context::executor_type> strand_;
     bool ssl_{
-        port_.protocol.contains("https") || port_.protocol.contains("wss") ||
-        port_.protocol.contains("wss2") || port_.protocol.contains("peer")};
+        port_.protocol.count("https") > 0 || port_.protocol.count("wss") > 0 ||
+        port_.protocol.count("wss2") > 0 || port_.protocol.count("peer") > 0};
     bool plain_{
-        port_.protocol.contains("http") || port_.protocol.contains("ws") ||
-        (port_.protocol.contains("ws2"))};
+        port_.protocol.count("http") > 0 || port_.protocol.count("ws") > 0 ||
+        (port_.protocol.count("ws2") != 0u)};
     static constexpr std::chrono::milliseconds kInitialAcceptDelay{50};
     static constexpr std::chrono::milliseconds kMaxAcceptDelay{2000};
-    std::chrono::milliseconds acceptDelay_{kInitialAcceptDelay};
-    boost::asio::steady_timer backoffTimer_;
-    static constexpr std::uint64_t kMaxUsedFdPercent = 70;
-    static constexpr std::chrono::milliseconds kFdSampleInterval{250};
-    clock_type::time_point fdSampleAt_;
-    bool cachedThrottle_{false};
+    std::chrono::milliseconds accept_delay_{kInitialAcceptDelay};
+    boost::asio::steady_timer backoff_timer_;
+    static constexpr double kFreeFdThreshold = 0.70;
 
     struct FDStats
     {
@@ -166,7 +164,7 @@ Door<Handler>::Detector::Detector(
     , ioc_(ioc)
     , stream_(std::move(stream))
     , socket_(stream_.socket())
-    , remoteAddress_(std::move(remoteAddress))
+    , remote_address_(std::move(remoteAddress))
     , strand_(boost::asio::make_strand(ioc_))
     , j_(j)
 {
@@ -201,18 +199,18 @@ Door<Handler>::Detector::doDetect(boost::asio::yield_context doYield)
         if (ssl)
         {
             if (auto sp = ios().template emplace<SSLHTTPPeer<Handler>>(
-                    port_, handler_, ioc_, j_, remoteAddress_, buf.data(), std::move(stream_)))
+                    port_, handler_, ioc_, j_, remote_address_, buf.data(), std::move(stream_)))
                 sp->run();
             return;
         }
         if (auto sp = ios().template emplace<PlainHTTPPeer<Handler>>(
-                port_, handler_, ioc_, j_, remoteAddress_, buf.data(), std::move(stream_)))
+                port_, handler_, ioc_, j_, remote_address_, buf.data(), std::move(stream_)))
             sp->run();
         return;
     }
     if (ec != boost::asio::error::operation_aborted)
     {
-        JLOG(j_.trace()) << "Error detecting ssl: " << ec.message() << " from " << remoteAddress_;
+        JLOG(j_.trace()) << "Error detecting ssl: " << ec.message() << " from " << remote_address_;
     }
 }
 
@@ -281,8 +279,7 @@ Door<Handler>::Door(
     , ioc_(ioContext)
     , acceptor_(ioContext)
     , strand_(boost::asio::make_strand(ioContext))
-    , backoffTimer_(ioContext)
-    , fdSampleAt_(clock_type::now() - kFdSampleInterval)
+    , backoff_timer_(ioContext)
 {
     reOpen();
 }
@@ -305,7 +302,7 @@ Door<Handler>::close()
         return boost::asio::post(
             strand_, std::bind(&Door<Handler>::close, this->shared_from_this()));
     }
-    backoffTimer_.cancel();
+    backoff_timer_.cancel();
     error_code ec;
     acceptor_.close(ec);
 }
@@ -341,11 +338,11 @@ Door<Handler>::doAccept(boost::asio::yield_context doYield)
     {
         if (shouldThrottleForFds())
         {
-            JLOG(j_.warn()) << "Throttling do_accept for " << acceptDelay_.count() << "ms.";
-            backoffTimer_.expires_after(acceptDelay_);
+            backoff_timer_.expires_after(accept_delay_);
             boost::system::error_code tec;
-            backoffTimer_.async_wait(doYield[tec]);
-            acceptDelay_ = std::min(acceptDelay_ * 2, kMaxAcceptDelay);
+            backoff_timer_.async_wait(doYield[tec]);
+            accept_delay_ = std::min(accept_delay_ * 2, kMaxAcceptDelay);
+            JLOG(j_.warn()) << "Throttling do_accept for " << accept_delay_.count() << "ms.";
             continue;
         }
 
@@ -362,17 +359,14 @@ Door<Handler>::doAccept(boost::asio::yield_context doYield)
             if (ec == boost::asio::error::no_descriptors ||
                 ec == boost::asio::error::no_buffer_space)
             {
-                char const* const cause = (ec == boost::asio::error::no_descriptors)
-                    ? "too many open files"
-                    : "kernel buffer space exhausted";
-                JLOG(j_.warn()) << "accept: " << cause << ". Pausing for " << acceptDelay_.count()
-                                << "ms.";
+                JLOG(j_.warn()) << "accept: Too many open files. Pausing for "
+                                << accept_delay_.count() << "ms.";
 
-                backoffTimer_.expires_after(acceptDelay_);
+                backoff_timer_.expires_after(accept_delay_);
                 boost::system::error_code tec;
-                backoffTimer_.async_wait(doYield[tec]);
+                backoff_timer_.async_wait(doYield[tec]);
 
-                acceptDelay_ = std::min(acceptDelay_ * 2, kMaxAcceptDelay);
+                accept_delay_ = std::min(accept_delay_ * 2, kMaxAcceptDelay);
             }
             else
             {
@@ -381,7 +375,7 @@ Door<Handler>::doAccept(boost::asio::yield_context doYield)
             continue;
         }
 
-        acceptDelay_ = kInitialAcceptDelay;
+        accept_delay_ = kInitialAcceptDelay;
 
         if (ssl_ && plain_)
         {
@@ -434,15 +428,14 @@ Door<Handler>::shouldThrottleForFds()
 #if BOOST_OS_WINDOWS
     return false;
 #else
-    auto const now = clock_type::now();
-    if (now - fdSampleAt_ < kFdSampleInterval)
-        return cachedThrottle_;
-
-    fdSampleAt_ = now;
     auto const stats = queryFdStats();
-    cachedThrottle_ =
-        stats && stats->limit > 0 && stats->used * 100 > stats->limit * kMaxUsedFdPercent;
-    return cachedThrottle_;
+    if (!stats || stats->limit == 0)
+        return false;
+
+    auto const& s = *stats;
+    auto const free = (s.limit > s.used) ? (s.limit - s.used) : 0ull;
+    double const freeRatio = static_cast<double>(free) / static_cast<double>(s.limit);
+    return freeRatio < kFreeFdThreshold;
 #endif
 }
 

include/xrpl/server/detail/PlainHTTPPeer.h

@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ template <class Handler>
 void
 PlainHTTPPeer<Handler>::run()
 {
-    if (!this->handler_.onAccept(this->session(), this->remoteAddress_))
+    if (!this->handler_.onAccept(this->session(), this->remote_address_))
     {
         util::spawn(this->strand_, std::bind(&PlainHTTPPeer::doClose, this->shared_from_this()));
         return;
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ PlainHTTPPeer<Handler>::websocketUpgrade()
     auto ws = this->ios().template emplace<PlainWSPeer<Handler>>(
         this->port_,
         this->handler_,
-        this->remoteAddress_,
+        this->remote_address_,
         std::move(this->message_),
         std::move(stream_),
         this->journal_);
@@ -114,20 +114,20 @@ template <class Handler>
 void
 PlainHTTPPeer<Handler>::doRequest()
 {
-    ++this->requestCount_;
+    ++this->request_count_;
     auto const what =
-        this->handler_.onHandoff(this->session(), std::move(this->message_), this->remoteAddress_);
+        this->handler_.onHandoff(this->session(), std::move(this->message_), this->remote_address_);
     if (what.moved)
         return;
     boost::system::error_code ec;
     if (what.response)
     {
         // half-close on Connection: close
-        if (!what.keepAlive)
+        if (!what.keep_alive)
             socket_.shutdown(socket_type::shutdown_receive, ec);
         if (ec)
             return this->fail(ec, "request");
-        return this->write(what.response, what.keepAlive);
+        return this->write(what.response, what.keep_alive);
     }
 
     // Perform half-close when Connection: close and not SSL

include/xrpl/server/detail/SSLHTTPPeer.h

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ private:
     using yield_context = boost::asio::yield_context;
     using error_code = boost::system::error_code;
 
-    std::unique_ptr<stream_type> streamPtr_;
+    std::unique_ptr<stream_type> stream_ptr_;
     stream_type& stream_;
     socket_type& socket_;
 
@@ -80,8 +80,8 @@ SSLHTTPPeer<Handler>::SSLHTTPPeer(
           journal,
           remoteAddress,
           buffers)
-    , streamPtr_(std::make_unique<stream_type>(middle_type(std::move(stream)), *port.context))
-    , stream_(*streamPtr_)
+    , stream_ptr_(std::make_unique<stream_type>(middle_type(std::move(stream)), *port.context))
+    , stream_(*stream_ptr_)
     , socket_(stream_.next_layer().socket())
 {
 }
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ template <class Handler>
 void
 SSLHTTPPeer<Handler>::run()
 {
-    if (!this->handler_.onAccept(this->session(), this->remoteAddress_))
+    if (!this->handler_.onAccept(this->session(), this->remote_address_))
     {
         util::spawn(this->strand_, std::bind(&SSLHTTPPeer::doClose, this->shared_from_this()));
         return;
@@ -110,9 +110,9 @@ SSLHTTPPeer<Handler>::websocketUpgrade()
     auto ws = this->ios().template emplace<SSLWSPeer<Handler>>(
         this->port_,
         this->handler_,
-        this->remoteAddress_,
+        this->remote_address_,
         std::move(this->message_),
-        std::move(this->streamPtr_),
+        std::move(this->stream_ptr_),
         this->journal_);
     return ws;
 }
@@ -124,8 +124,8 @@ SSLHTTPPeer<Handler>::doHandshake(yield_context doYield)
     boost::system::error_code ec;
     stream_.set_verify_mode(boost::asio::ssl::verify_none);
     this->startTimer();
-    this->readBuf_.consume(
-        stream_.async_handshake(stream_type::server, this->readBuf_.data(), doYield[ec]));
+    this->read_buf_.consume(
+        stream_.async_handshake(stream_type::server, this->read_buf_.data(), doYield[ec]));
     this->cancelTimer();
     if (ec == boost::beast::error::timeout)
         return this->onTimer();
@@ -148,13 +148,13 @@ template <class Handler>
 void
 SSLHTTPPeer<Handler>::doRequest()
 {
-    ++this->requestCount_;
+    ++this->request_count_;
     auto const what = this->handler_.onHandoff(
-        this->session(), std::move(streamPtr_), std::move(this->message_), this->remoteAddress_);
+        this->session(), std::move(stream_ptr_), std::move(this->message_), this->remote_address_);
     if (what.moved)
         return;
     if (what.response)
-        return this->write(what.response, what.keepAlive);
+        return this->write(what.response, what.keep_alive);
     // legacy
     this->handler_.onRequest(this->session());
 }

include/xrpl/server/detail/SSLWSPeer.h

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ class SSLWSPeer : public BaseWSPeer<Handler, SSLWSPeer<Handler>>,
     using stream_type = boost::beast::ssl_stream<socket_type>;
     using waitable_timer = boost::asio::basic_waitable_timer<clock_type>;
 
-    std::unique_ptr<stream_type> streamPtr_;
+    std::unique_ptr<stream_type> stream_ptr_;
     boost::beast::websocket::stream<stream_type&> ws_;
 
 public:
@@ -61,8 +61,8 @@ SSLWSPeer<Handler>::SSLWSPeer(
           remoteEndpoint,
           std::move(request),
           journal)
-    , streamPtr_(std::move(streamPtr))
-    , ws_(*streamPtr_)
+    , stream_ptr_(std::move(streamPtr))
+    , ws_(*stream_ptr_)
 {
 }
 

include/xrpl/server/detail/ServerImpl.h

@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ private:
 
     Handler& handler_;
     beast::Journal const j_;
-    boost::asio::io_context& ioContext_;
+    boost::asio::io_context& io_context_;
     boost::asio::strand<boost::asio::io_context::executor_type> strand_;
     std::optional<boost::asio::executor_work_guard<boost::asio::io_context::executor_type>> work_;
 
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ public:
     boost::asio::io_context&
     getIoContext()
     {
-        return ioContext_;
+        return io_context_;
     }
 
     bool
@@ -122,9 +122,9 @@ ServerImpl<Handler>::ServerImpl(
     beast::Journal journal)
     : handler_(handler)
     , j_(journal)
-    , ioContext_(ioContext)
-    , strand_(boost::asio::make_strand(ioContext_))
-    , work_(std::in_place, boost::asio::make_work_guard(ioContext_))
+    , io_context_(ioContext)
+    , strand_(boost::asio::make_strand(io_context_))
+    , work_(std::in_place, boost::asio::make_work_guard(io_context_))
 {
 }
 
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ ServerImpl<Handler>::ports(std::vector<Port> const& ports)
     {
         ports_.push_back(port);
         auto& internalPort = ports_.back();
-        if (auto sp = ios_.emplace<Door<Handler>>(handler_, ioContext_, internalPort, j_))
+        if (auto sp = ios_.emplace<Door<Handler>>(handler_, io_context_, internalPort, j_))
         {
             list_.push_back(sp);
 

include/xrpl/shamap/README.md

@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ The `fetchNodeNT()` method goes through three phases:
     will be 0.
 
 2.  If the node is not in the TreeNodeCache, we attempt to locate the node
-    in the historic data stored by the data base. The call to
+    in the historic data stored by the data base. The call to to
     `fetchNodeFromDB(hash)` does that work for us.
 
 3.  Finally if a filter exists, we check if it can supply the node. This is

include/xrpl/tx/Transactor.h

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 #include <xrpl/beast/utility/Journal.h>
 #include <xrpl/beast/utility/WrappedSink.h>
+#include <xrpl/ledger/helpers/AccountRootHelpers.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Permissions.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/XRPAmount.h>
 #include <xrpl/tx/ApplyContext.h>
@@ -116,6 +117,7 @@ protected:
     beast::Journal const j_;
 
     AccountID const accountID_;
+    WAccountRoot account_;
     XRPAmount preFeeBalance_{};  // Balance before fees.
 
 public:
@@ -398,15 +400,6 @@ private:
     static NotTEC
     preflight2(PreflightContext const& ctx);
 
-    /** Universal validations
-       - Valid MPTAmount and XRPAmount
-
-        Do not try to call preflightUniversal from preflight() in derived classes. See
-        the description of invokePreflight for details.
-    */
-    static NotTEC
-    preflightUniversal(PreflightContext const& ctx);
-
     /** Check transaction-specific invariants only.
      *
      *  Walks every modified ledger entry via visitInvariantEntry, then
@@ -472,9 +465,6 @@ Transactor::invokePreflight(PreflightContext const& ctx)
     if (auto const ret = preflight1(ctx, T::getFlagsMask(ctx)))
         return ret;
 
-    if (auto const ret = preflightUniversal(ctx))
-        return ret;
-
     if (auto const ret = T::preflight(ctx))
         return ret;
 

include/xrpl/tx/invariants/DirectoryInvariant.h

@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include <xrpl/basics/base_uint.h>
-#include <xrpl/beast/utility/Journal.h>
-#include <xrpl/ledger/ReadView.h>
-#include <xrpl/protocol/STTx.h>
-#include <xrpl/protocol/TER.h>
-#include <xrpl/protocol/XRPAmount.h>
-
-#include <memory>
-
-namespace xrpl {
-
-class ValidBookDirectory
-{
-    bool badBookDirectory_ = false;
-    hash_set<uint256> rootIndexes_;
-
-public:
-    void
-    visitEntry(bool, std::shared_ptr<SLE const> const&, std::shared_ptr<SLE const> const&);
-
-    bool
-    finalize(STTx const&, TER const, XRPAmount const, ReadView const&, beast::Journal const&);
-};
-
-}  // namespace xrpl

include/xrpl/tx/invariants/InvariantCheck.h

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@
 #include <xrpl/protocol/STTx.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/TER.h>
 #include <xrpl/tx/invariants/AMMInvariant.h>
-#include <xrpl/tx/invariants/DirectoryInvariant.h>
 #include <xrpl/tx/invariants/FreezeInvariant.h>
 #include <xrpl/tx/invariants/LoanBrokerInvariant.h>
 #include <xrpl/tx/invariants/LoanInvariant.h>
@@ -373,21 +372,6 @@ public:
     finalize(STTx const&, TER const, XRPAmount const, ReadView const&, beast::Journal const&);
 };
 
-/** Verify that MPT/XRP STAmounts are canonical in any ledger entries left after the
- * transaction applies.
- */
-class ValidAmounts
-{
-    std::vector<std::shared_ptr<SLE const>> afterEntries_;
-
-public:
-    void
-    visitEntry(bool, std::shared_ptr<SLE const> const&, std::shared_ptr<SLE const> const&);
-
-    [[nodiscard]] bool
-    finalize(STTx const&, TER const, XRPAmount const, ReadView const&, beast::Journal const&) const;
-};
-
 // additional invariant checks can be declared above and then added to this
 // tuple
 using InvariantChecks = std::tuple<
@@ -409,16 +393,13 @@ using InvariantChecks = std::tuple<
     ValidMPTIssuance,
     ValidPermissionedDomain,
     ValidPermissionedDEX,
-    ValidBookDirectory,
     ValidAMM,
     NoModifiedUnmodifiableFields,
     ValidPseudoAccounts,
     ValidLoanBroker,
     ValidLoan,
     ValidVault,
-    ValidMPTPayment,
-    ValidAmounts,
-    ValidMPTTransfer>;
+    ValidMPTPayment>;
 
 /**
  * @brief get a tuple of all invariant checks

include/xrpl/tx/invariants/MPTInvariant.h

@@ -2,13 +2,10 @@
 
 #include <xrpl/beast/utility/Journal.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/ReadView.h>
-#include <xrpl/protocol/STLedgerEntry.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/STTx.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/TER.h>
 
 #include <cstdint>
-#include <memory>
-#include <vector>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 
@@ -23,18 +20,6 @@ class ValidMPTIssuance
     // MPToken by an issuer
     bool mptCreatedByIssuer_ = false;
 
-    /// sfReferenceHolding is intended to be set exactly once at vault
-    /// creation and immutable thereafter; true when that rule was violated.
-    bool referenceHoldingSetOnCreate_ = false;
-
-    /// True when sfReferenceHolding was mutated on an existing MPTokenIssuance.
-    bool referenceHoldingMutated_ = false;
-
-    /// MPTokens and RippleStates deleted during apply. finalize() checks each
-    /// holder's AccountRoot to detect vault pseudo-account holdings deleted
-    /// outside VaultDelete. All these checks are gated on fixCleanup3_2_0.
-    std::vector<std::shared_ptr<SLE const>> deletedHoldings_;
-
 public:
     void
     visitEntry(bool, std::shared_ptr<SLE const> const&, std::shared_ptr<SLE const> const&);
@@ -71,42 +56,4 @@ public:
     finalize(STTx const&, TER const, XRPAmount const, ReadView const&, beast::Journal const&);
 };
 
-class ValidMPTTransfer
-{
-    struct Value
-    {
-        std::optional<std::uint64_t> amtBefore;
-        std::optional<std::uint64_t> amtAfter;
-    };
-    // MPTID: {holder: Value}
-    hash_map<uint192, hash_map<AccountID, Value>> amount_;
-    // Deleted MPToken
-    // MPToken key: true if MPTAuthorized is set
-    hash_map<uint256, bool> deletedAuthorized_;
-
-public:
-    void
-    visitEntry(bool, std::shared_ptr<SLE const> const&, std::shared_ptr<SLE const> const&);
-
-    bool
-    finalize(STTx const&, TER const, XRPAmount const, ReadView const&, beast::Journal const&);
-
-private:
-    /**
-     * @brief Check whether a holder is authorized to send or receive an MPToken.
-     *
-     * Deleted MPToken SLEs are no longer present in the view by the time
-     * finalize() runs, so their authorization state is captured during
-     * visitEntry() and stored in deletedAuthorized_. For deleted MPTokens,
-     * returns true if reqAuth is false or lsfMPTAuthorized was set at deletion.
-     * For existing MPTokens, returns the result of requireAuth()
-     */
-    [[nodiscard]] bool
-    isAuthorized(
-        ReadView const& view,
-        MPTID const& mptid,
-        AccountID const& holder,
-        bool requireAuth) const;
-};
-
 }  // namespace xrpl

include/xrpl/tx/invariants/PermissionedDEXInvariant.h

@@ -10,10 +10,9 @@ namespace xrpl {
 
 class ValidPermissionedDEX
 {
-    bool regularOffersOld_ = false;  // pre-fixCleanup3_2_0: also flags deleted offers
-    bool regularOffers_ = false;     // post-fixCleanup3_2_0: excludes deleted offers
-    bool badHybridsOld_ = false;     // pre-fixCleanup3_1_3: missing field/domain or size > 1
-    bool badHybrids_ = false;        // post-fixCleanup3_1_3: also catches size == 0 (size != 1)
+    bool regularOffers_ = false;
+    bool badHybridsOld_ = false;  // pre-fixCleanup3_1_3: missing field/domain or size > 1
+    bool badHybrids_ = false;     // post-fixCleanup3_1_3: also catches size == 0 (size != 1)
     hash_set<uint256> domains_;
 
 public:

include/xrpl/tx/paths/Offer.h

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ class TOffer
 private:
     SLE::pointer entry_;
     Quality quality_{};
-    AccountID accountID_;
+    AccountID account_;
     Asset assetIn_;
     Asset assetOut_;
 
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ public:
     [[nodiscard]] AccountID const&
     owner() const
     {
-        return accountID_;
+        return account_;
     }
 
     /** Returns the in and out amounts.
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ public:
     isFunded() const
     {
         // Offer owner is issuer; they have unlimited funds if IOU
-        return accountID_ == assetOut_.getIssuer() && assetOut_.holds<Issue>();
+        return account_ == assetOut_.getIssuer() && assetOut_.holds<Issue>();
     }
 
     static std::pair<std::uint32_t, std::uint32_t>
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ public:
 
 template <StepAmount TIn, StepAmount TOut>
 TOffer<TIn, TOut>::TOffer(SLE::pointer entry, Quality quality)
-    : entry_(std::move(entry)), quality_(quality), accountID_(entry_->getAccountID(sfAccount))
+    : entry_(std::move(entry)), quality_(quality), account_(entry_->getAccountID(sfAccount))
 {
     auto const tp = entry_->getFieldAmount(sfTakerPays);
     auto const tg = entry_->getFieldAmount(sfTakerGets);

include/xrpl/tx/paths/detail/StepChecks.h

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #include <xrpl/beast/utility/Journal.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/ReadView.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/View.h>
+#include <xrpl/ledger/helpers/AccountRootHelpers.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/AccountID.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/UintTypes.h>
 
@@ -19,9 +20,10 @@ checkFreeze(
     XRPL_ASSERT(src != dst, "xrpl::checkFreeze : unequal input accounts");
 
     // check freeze
-    if (auto sle = view.read(keylet::account(dst)))
+    AccountRoot const acctDst(dst, view);
+    if (acctDst)
     {
-        if (sle->isFlag(lsfGlobalFreeze))
+        if (acctDst->isFlag(lsfGlobalFreeze))
         {
             return terNO_LINE;
         }
@@ -43,10 +45,9 @@ checkFreeze(
 
     if (view.rules().enabled(fixFrozenLPTokenTransfer))
     {
-        if (auto const sleDst = view.read(keylet::account(dst));
-            sleDst && sleDst->isFieldPresent(sfAMMID))
+        if (AccountRoot const acctDst2(dst, view); acctDst2 && acctDst2->isFieldPresent(sfAMMID))
         {
-            auto const sleAmm = view.read(keylet::amm((*sleDst)[sfAMMID]));
+            auto const sleAmm = view.read(keylet::amm(acctDst2->at(sfAMMID)));
             if (!sleAmm)
                 return tecINTERNAL;  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/dex/AMMContext.h

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ public:
 
 private:
     // Tx account owner is required to get the AMM trading fee in BookStep
-    AccountID accountID_;
+    AccountID account_;
     // true if payment has multiple paths
     bool multiPath_{false};
     // Is true if AMM offer is consumed during a payment engine iteration.
@@ -31,8 +31,7 @@ private:
     std::uint16_t ammIters_{0};
 
 public:
-    AMMContext(AccountID const& account, bool multiPath)
-        : accountID_(account), multiPath_(multiPath)
+    AMMContext(AccountID const& account, bool multiPath) : account_(account), multiPath_(multiPath)
     {
     }
     ~AMMContext() = default;
@@ -81,7 +80,7 @@ public:
     [[nodiscard]] AccountID
     account() const
     {
-        return accountID_;
+        return account_;
     }
 
     /** Strand execution may fail. Reset the flag at the start

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/dex/OfferCreate.h

@@ -85,7 +85,6 @@ private:
         Keylet const& offerIndex,
         STAmount const& saTakerPays,
         STAmount const& saTakerGets,
-        std::uint64_t openRate,
         std::function<void(SLE::ref, std::optional<uint256>)> const& setDir);
 };
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/escrow/EscrowCreate.h

@@ -16,9 +16,6 @@ public:
     static TxConsequences
     makeTxConsequences(PreflightContext const& ctx);
 
-    static bool
-    checkExtraFeatures(PreflightContext const& ctx);
-
     static NotTEC
     preflight(PreflightContext const& ctx);
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/system/LedgerStateFix.h

@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ class LedgerStateFix : public Transactor
 public:
     enum class FixType : std::uint16_t {
         NfTokenPageLink = 1,
-        BookExchangeRate = 2,
     };
 
     static constexpr auto kConsequencesFactory = ConsequencesFactoryType::Normal;

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/token/MPTokenIssuanceCreate.h

@@ -6,28 +6,23 @@
 
 namespace xrpl {
 
-// NOLINTBEGIN(readability-redundant-member-init)
 struct MPTCreateArgs
 {
     std::optional<XRPAmount> priorBalance;
     AccountID const& account;
     std::uint32_t sequence = 0;
     std::uint32_t flags = 0;
-    std::optional<std::uint64_t> maxAmount = std::nullopt;
-    std::optional<std::uint8_t> assetScale = std::nullopt;
-    std::optional<std::uint16_t> transferFee = std::nullopt;
+    std::optional<std::uint64_t> maxAmount =
+        std::nullopt;  // NOLINT(readability-redundant-member-init)
+    std::optional<std::uint8_t> assetScale =
+        std::nullopt;  // NOLINT(readability-redundant-member-init)
+    std::optional<std::uint16_t> transferFee =
+        std::nullopt;  // NOLINT(readability-redundant-member-init)
     std::optional<Slice> const& metadata{};
-    std::optional<uint256> domainId = std::nullopt;
-    std::optional<std::uint32_t> mutableFlags = std::nullopt;
-    // Set only by callers that issue an MPT representing a wrapped asset
-    // (e.g. VaultCreate's share token). The keylet must point to an
-    // existing MPToken or RippleState owned by `account`. Surfaces on
-    // the resulting MPTokenIssuance via the optional sfReferenceHolding
-    // field. Used by readers (canTransfer, canTrade, freezing) to
-    // inherit the underlying asset's transferability.
-    std::optional<uint256> referenceHolding = std::nullopt;
+    std::optional<uint256> domainId = std::nullopt;  // NOLINT(readability-redundant-member-init)
+    std::optional<std::uint32_t> mutableFlags =
+        std::nullopt;  // NOLINT(readability-redundant-member-init)
 };
-// NOLINTEND(readability-redundant-member-init)
 
 class MPTokenIssuanceCreate : public Transactor
 {

package/README.md

@@ -1,175 +0,0 @@
-# Linux Packaging
-
-This directory contains all files needed to build RPM and Debian packages for `xrpld`.
-
-## Directory layout
-
-```
-package/
-  build_pkg.sh      Staging and build script (called by CMake targets and CI)
-  rpm/
-    xrpld.spec      RPM spec (xrpld_version/pkg_release passed via rpmbuild --define)
-  debian/           Debian control files (control, rules, install, links, conffiles, ...)
-  shared/
-    xrpld.service       systemd unit file (used by both RPM and DEB)
-    xrpld.sysusers      sysusers.d config (used by both RPM and DEB)
-    xrpld.tmpfiles      tmpfiles.d config (used by both RPM and DEB)
-    xrpld.logrotate     logrotate config (installed to /etc/logrotate.d/xrpld)
-    update-xrpld        auto-update script (installed to /usr/libexec/xrpld/, run by update-xrpld.timer)
-```
-
-## Prerequisites
-
-Packaging targets and their container images are declared in
-[`.github/scripts/strategy-matrix/linux.json`](../.github/scripts/strategy-matrix/linux.json)
-via a `"package": true` field on specific os entries. Today only
-`linux/amd64` is emitted; the architecture is hardcoded in `generate.py`
-and the workflow runner. The package format
-(deb or rpm) is inferred at build time from the container's package manager
-(`apt-get` -> deb, `dnf`/`yum` -> rpm). The image tag is composed as
-`ghcr.io/xrplf/ci/{distro}-{version}:{compiler}-{cver}-sha-{image_sha}` —
-the same scheme used by `reusable-build-test.yml`. Bump `image_sha` in
-`linux.json` and both CI and local builds pick up the new image with no
-workflow edits.
-
-| Package type | Image (derived from `linux.json`)                    | Tool required                                                   |
-| ------------ | ---------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------- |
-| RPM          | `ghcr.io/xrplf/ci/rhel-9:gcc-12-sha-<git_sha>`       | `rpmbuild`                                                      |
-| DEB          | `ghcr.io/xrplf/ci/ubuntu-jammy:gcc-12-sha-<git_sha>` | `dpkg-buildpackage`, `debhelper (>= 13)`, `dh-sequence-systemd` |
-
-To print the exact image tags for the current `linux.json`:
-
-```bash
-./.github/scripts/strategy-matrix/generate.py --packaging --config=.github/scripts/strategy-matrix/linux.json
-```
-
-## Building packages
-
-### Via CI
-
-Caller workflows (`on-pr.yml`, `on-tag.yml`, `on-trigger.yml`) call
-`reusable-strategy-matrix.yml` with `mode: packaging` to generate the matrix of
-`{artifact_name, os}` entries, then fan out to
-`reusable-package.yml` per entry. That workflow downloads the pre-built `xrpld`
-binary artifact, detects the package format from the container, and calls
-`build_pkg.sh` directly — no CMake configure or build step is needed inside
-the packaging job.
-
-### Locally (mirrors CI)
-
-With an `xrpld` binary already built at `build/xrpld`, run the packaging step
-inside the same container CI uses. The image tag is derived from `linux.json`
-so you don't need to hardcode a SHA.
-
-```bash
-# From the repo root. Pick any image flagged with `"package": true` in
-# linux.json; the package format is inferred from the container's package
-# manager. Example for the rpm-producing image:
-IMAGE=$(jq -r '
-  .os | map(select(.package == true))[0] |
-  "ghcr.io/xrplf/ci/\(.distro_name)-\(.distro_version):\(.compiler_name)-\(.compiler_version)-sha-\(.image_sha)"
-' .github/scripts/strategy-matrix/linux.json)
-
-VERSION=2.4.0-local
-PKG_RELEASE=1
-
-docker run --rm \
-  -v "$(pwd):/src" \
-  -w /src \
-  "$IMAGE" \
-  ./package/build_pkg.sh --pkg-version "$VERSION" --pkg-release "$PKG_RELEASE"
-
-# Output:
-#   build/debbuild/*.deb         (DEB + dbgsym .ddeb)
-#   build/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/*.rpm
-```
-
-### Via CMake (host-side target)
-
-If you run CMake configure on a host that has `rpmbuild` or `dpkg-buildpackage`
-installed natively, you can use the CMake target directly — no container
-needed, but the host toolchain replaces the pinned CI image:
-
-```bash
-cmake \
-  -Dxrpld=ON \
-  -Dxrpld_version=2.4.0-local \
-  -Dtests=OFF \
-  ..
-
-cmake --build . --target package       # deb on Debian/Ubuntu, rpm on RHEL
-```
-
-The `cmake/XrplPackaging.cmake` module defines the target only if at least one
-of `rpmbuild` / `dpkg-buildpackage` is present; `build_pkg.sh` then infers the
-package format from the host's package manager. The packaging script installs
-to FHS-standard paths (`/usr/bin`, `/etc/xrpld`, etc.) regardless of
-`CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX`.
-
-## How `build_pkg.sh` works
-
-`build_pkg.sh` accepts long-form flags, each of which can also be set via an
-environment variable. Flags override env vars; env vars override the built-in
-defaults. Run `./package/build_pkg.sh --help` for the same table:
-
-| Flag                       | Env var             | Default                       | Purpose                             |
-| -------------------------- | ------------------- | ----------------------------- | ----------------------------------- |
-| `--src-dir DIR`            | `SRC_DIR`           | `$PWD`                        | repo root                           |
-| `--build-dir DIR`          | `BUILD_DIR`         | `$PWD/build`                  | directory holding pre-built `xrpld` |
-| `--pkg-version STR`        | `PKG_VERSION`       | parsed from `xrpld --version` | version string, e.g. `3.2.0-b1`     |
-| `--pkg-release N`          | `PKG_RELEASE`       | `1`                           | package release number              |
-| `--source-date-epoch SECS` | `SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH` | latest git commit ctime       | reproducibility timestamp           |
-
-The package format (`deb` or `rpm`) is inferred from the host's package
-manager (`apt-get` -> deb, `dnf`/`yum` -> rpm). Hosts without one of those
-fail early.
-
-Flags are for explicit invocation; environment variables are intended for
-CMake/systemd/CI integration. The CI workflow and the CMake `package` target
-both invoke `build_pkg.sh` with no flags, configuring it entirely via env
-(see `cmake/XrplPackaging.cmake`).
-
-It resolves `SRC_DIR` and `BUILD_DIR` to absolute paths, then calls
-`stage_common()` to copy the binary, config files, and shared support files
-into the staging area, and invokes the platform build tool.
-
-### RPM
-
-1. Creates the standard `rpmbuild/{BUILD,BUILDROOT,RPMS,SOURCES,SPECS,SRPMS}` tree inside the build directory.
-2. Copies `xrpld.spec` and all source files (binary, configs, service files) into `SOURCES/`.
-3. Runs `rpmbuild -bb --define "xrpld_version ..." --define "pkg_release ..."`. The spec uses manual `install` commands to place files.
-4. Output: `rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/xrpld-*.rpm`
-
-### DEB
-
-1. Creates a staging source tree at `debbuild/source/` inside the build directory.
-2. Stages the binary, configs, `README.md`, and `LICENSE.md`.
-3. Copies `package/debian/` control files into `debbuild/source/debian/`.
-4. Copies shared service/sysusers/tmpfiles into `debian/` where `dh_installsystemd`, `dh_installsysusers`, and `dh_installtmpfiles` pick them up automatically.
-5. Generates a minimal `debian/changelog` (pre-release versions use `~` instead of `-`).
-6. Runs `dpkg-buildpackage -b --no-sign`. `debian/rules` uses manual `install` commands.
-7. Output: `debbuild/*.deb` and `debbuild/*.ddeb` (dbgsym package)
-
-## Post-build verification
-
-```bash
-# DEB
-dpkg-deb -c debbuild/*.deb | grep -E 'systemd|sysusers|tmpfiles'
-lintian -I debbuild/*.deb
-
-# RPM
-rpm -qlp rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/*.rpm
-```
-
-## Reproducibility
-
-The following environment variables improve build reproducibility. They are not
-set automatically by `build_pkg.sh`; set them manually if needed:
-
-```bash
-export SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH=$(git log -1 --pretty=%ct)
-export TZ=UTC
-export LC_ALL=C.UTF-8
-export GZIP=-n
-export DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS="noautodbgsym reproducible=+fixfilepath"
-```

package/build_pkg.sh

@@ -1,196 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env bash
-set -euo pipefail
-
-# Build an RPM or Debian package from a pre-built xrpld binary.
-#
-# Flags override env vars; env vars override defaults. Env vars are intended
-# for CMake/systemd/CI integration; flags are for explicit invocation.
-
-usage() {
-    cat <<'EOF'
-Usage: build_pkg.sh [options]
-
-Options (each can also be set via the env var shown):
-  --src-dir DIR             repo root                  [SRC_DIR;           default: $PWD]
-  --build-dir DIR           directory holding xrpld    [BUILD_DIR;         default: $PWD/build]
-  --pkg-version STR         version, e.g. 3.2.0-b1     [PKG_VERSION;       default: parsed from xrpld --version]
-  --pkg-release N           package release number     [PKG_RELEASE;       default: 1]
-  --source-date-epoch SECS  reproducibility timestamp  [SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH; default: latest git commit ctime]
-  -h, --help                show this help and exit
-EOF
-}
-
-need_arg() {
-    if [[ $# -lt 2 || "$2" == --* ]]; then
-        echo "Missing value for $1" >&2
-        exit 2
-    fi
-}
-
-# Seed from env. CLI parsing below overrides these directly.
-SRC_DIR="${SRC_DIR:-}"
-BUILD_DIR="${BUILD_DIR:-}"
-PKG_VERSION="${PKG_VERSION:-}"
-PKG_RELEASE="${PKG_RELEASE:-}"
-SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH="${SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH:-}"
-
-while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
-    case "$1" in
-        --src-dir)            need_arg "$@"; SRC_DIR="$2";           shift 2 ;;
-        --build-dir)          need_arg "$@"; BUILD_DIR="$2";         shift 2 ;;
-        --pkg-version)        need_arg "$@"; PKG_VERSION="$2";       shift 2 ;;
-        --pkg-release)        need_arg "$@"; PKG_RELEASE="$2";       shift 2 ;;
-        --source-date-epoch)  need_arg "$@"; SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH="$2"; shift 2 ;;
-        -h|--help)            usage; exit 0 ;;
-        *)
-            echo "Unknown argument: $1" >&2
-            usage >&2
-            exit 2
-            ;;
-    esac
-done
-
-SRC_DIR="$(cd "${SRC_DIR:-${PWD}}" && pwd)"
-BUILD_DIR="$(cd "${BUILD_DIR:-${PWD}/build}" && pwd)"
-PKG_RELEASE="${PKG_RELEASE:-1}"
-
-if [[ -z "${PKG_VERSION}" ]]; then
-    PKG_VERSION="$("${BUILD_DIR}/xrpld" --version | awk 'NR==1 {print $3; exit}')"
-fi
-
-if [[ -z "${PKG_VERSION}" ]]; then
-    echo "PKG_VERSION is empty (not provided and could not be derived)." >&2
-    exit 1
-fi
-
-VERSION="${PKG_VERSION}"
-
-if command -v apt-get >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-    pkg_type=deb
-elif command -v dnf >/dev/null 2>&1 || command -v yum >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-    pkg_type=rpm
-else
-    echo "Cannot infer pkg_type: no apt-get, dnf, or yum on PATH." >&2
-    exit 1
-fi
-
-if [[ -z "${SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH}" ]]; then
-    if git -C "$SRC_DIR" rev-parse --is-inside-work-tree >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-        SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH="$(git -C "$SRC_DIR" log -1 --format=%ct)"
-    else
-        SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH="$(date +%s)"
-    fi
-fi
-
-export SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH
-CHANGELOG_DATE="$(date -u -R -d "@$SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH")"
-
-# Split VERSION at the first '-' into base and optional pre-release suffix.
-# Examples: "3.2.0" -> ("3.2.0", ""); "3.2.0-b1" -> ("3.2.0", "b1").
-VER_BASE="${VERSION%%-*}"
-VER_SUFFIX="${VERSION#*-}"
-[[ "${VER_SUFFIX}" == "${VERSION}" ]] && VER_SUFFIX=""
-
-# Reject multi-segment suffixes (e.g. "beta-1", "rc1-15-gabc123"). The RPM
-# Release field forbids '-', and the convention here is single-token suffixes
-# like b1 or rc2. Fail early with a clear message rather than letting either
-# rpmbuild blow up or silently mangling dashes into dots.
-if [[ "${VER_SUFFIX}" == *-* ]]; then
-    echo "build_pkg.sh: multi-segment pre-release in VERSION='${VERSION}' (suffix '${VER_SUFFIX}')." >&2
-    echo "Use single-token suffixes like 3.2.0-b1 or 3.2.0-rc2." >&2
-    exit 1
-fi
-
-SHARED="${SRC_DIR}/package/shared"
-DEBIAN_DIR="${SRC_DIR}/package/debian"
-
-# Stage files that both packaging systems consume using the same filenames.
-stage_common() {
-    local dest="$1"
-    mkdir -p "${dest}"
-
-    cp "${BUILD_DIR}/xrpld"                     "${dest}/xrpld"
-    cp "${SRC_DIR}/cfg/xrpld-example.cfg"       "${dest}/xrpld.cfg"
-    cp "${SRC_DIR}/cfg/validators-example.txt"  "${dest}/validators.txt"
-    cp "${SRC_DIR}/LICENSE.md"                  "${dest}/LICENSE.md"
-    cp "${SRC_DIR}/README.md"                   "${dest}/README.md"
-
-    cp "${SHARED}/xrpld.service"                "${dest}/xrpld.service"
-    cp "${SHARED}/xrpld.sysusers"               "${dest}/xrpld.sysusers"
-    cp "${SHARED}/xrpld.tmpfiles"               "${dest}/xrpld.tmpfiles"
-    cp "${SHARED}/xrpld.logrotate"              "${dest}/xrpld.logrotate"
-    cp "${SHARED}/update-xrpld"                 "${dest}/update-xrpld"
-    cp "${SHARED}/update-xrpld.service"         "${dest}/update-xrpld.service"
-    cp "${SHARED}/update-xrpld.timer"           "${dest}/update-xrpld.timer"
-    cp "${SHARED}/50-xrpld.preset"              "${dest}/50-xrpld.preset"
-}
-
-build_rpm() {
-    local topdir="${BUILD_DIR}/rpmbuild"
-    rm -rf "${topdir}"
-    mkdir -p "${topdir}"/{BUILD,BUILDROOT,RPMS,SOURCES,SPECS,SRPMS}
-
-    cp "${SRC_DIR}/package/rpm/xrpld.spec" "${topdir}/SPECS/xrpld.spec"
-    stage_common "${topdir}/SOURCES"
-
-    # RPM Version can't contain '-'. A pre-release goes in Release with a
-    # leading "0." so 3.2.0-b1 sorts before the final 3.2.0-<pkg_release>.
-    # The order is "0.<pkg_release>.<suffix>" (e.g. 0.1.b6) — the Fedora/EPEL
-    # convention. Reversing to "0.<suffix>.<pkg_release>" (e.g. 0.b6.1) breaks
-    # rpmvercmp against the former because numeric segments outrank alphabetic
-    # ones, so "0.1.b5" would sort newer than "0.b6.1".
-    local rpm_release="${PKG_RELEASE}"
-    [[ -n "${VER_SUFFIX}" ]] && rpm_release="0.${PKG_RELEASE}.${VER_SUFFIX}"
-
-    set -x
-    rpmbuild -bb \
-        --define "_topdir ${topdir}" \
-        --define "xrpld_version ${VER_BASE}" \
-        --define "xrpld_release ${rpm_release}" \
-        "${topdir}/SPECS/xrpld.spec"
-}
-
-build_deb() {
-    local staging="${BUILD_DIR}/debbuild/source"
-    rm -rf "${staging}"
-    mkdir -p "${staging}"
-
-    stage_common "${staging}"
-    cp -r "${DEBIAN_DIR}" "${staging}/debian"
-
-    # Debhelper auto-discovers these only from debian/.
-    cp "${staging}/xrpld.service"        "${staging}/debian/xrpld.service"
-    cp "${staging}/xrpld.sysusers"       "${staging}/debian/xrpld.sysusers"
-    cp "${staging}/xrpld.tmpfiles"       "${staging}/debian/xrpld.tmpfiles"
-    cp "${staging}/xrpld.logrotate"      "${staging}/debian/xrpld.logrotate"
-    cp "${staging}/update-xrpld.service" "${staging}/debian/xrpld.update-xrpld.service"
-    cp "${staging}/update-xrpld.timer"   "${staging}/debian/xrpld.update-xrpld.timer"
-
-    # Debian '~' marks a pre-release; 3.2.0~b1 sorts before 3.2.0.
-    local deb_full_version="${VER_BASE}${VER_SUFFIX:+~${VER_SUFFIX}}-${PKG_RELEASE}"
-
-    # Derive release channel from the version suffix:
-    #   (none)      -> stable    (tagged release)
-    #   b0          -> develop   (develop-branch build)
-    #   b<N>, rc<N> -> unstable  (pre-release)
-    local deb_distribution
-    case "${VER_SUFFIX}" in
-        "")   deb_distribution="stable" ;;
-        b0)   deb_distribution="develop" ;;
-        *)    deb_distribution="unstable" ;;
-    esac
-
-    cat > "${staging}/debian/changelog" <<EOF
-xrpld (${deb_full_version}) ${deb_distribution}; urgency=medium
-  * Release ${VERSION}.
-
- -- XRPL Foundation <contact@xrplf.org>  ${CHANGELOG_DATE}
-EOF
-
-    chmod +x "${staging}/debian/rules"
-
-    set -x
-    ( cd "${staging}" && dpkg-buildpackage -b --no-sign -d )
-}
-
-"build_${pkg_type}"

package/debian/control

@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
-Source: xrpld
-Section: net
-Priority: optional
-Maintainer: XRPL Foundation <contact@xrplf.org>
-Rules-Requires-Root: no
-Build-Depends:
- debhelper-compat (= 13)
-Standards-Version: 4.7.0
-Homepage: https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled
-Vcs-Git: https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled.git
-Vcs-Browser: https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled
-
-Package: xrpld
-Section: net
-Priority: optional
-Architecture: any
-Depends:
- ${shlibs:Depends},
- ${misc:Depends}
-Description: XRP Ledger daemon
- Reference implementation of the XRP Ledger protocol.
- Participates in the peer-to-peer network, processes transactions,
- and maintains a local ledger copy.

package/debian/copyright

@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-Format: https://www.debian.org/doc/packaging-manuals/copyright-format/1.0/
-Upstream-Name: rippled
-Source: https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled
-
-Files: *
-Copyright: 2011-present, the XRP Ledger developers
-License: ISC
- Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
- purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
- copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
- .
- THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
- WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
- MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
- ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
- WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
- ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
- OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.

package/debian/rules

@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/make -f
-
-export DH_VERBOSE = 1
-
-%:
-	dh $@
-
-override_dh_auto_configure override_dh_auto_build override_dh_auto_test:
-	@:
-
-override_dh_installsystemd:
-	dh_installsystemd --no-stop-on-upgrade xrpld.service
-	dh_installsystemd --name=update-xrpld --no-start update-xrpld.service update-xrpld.timer
-
-execute_before_dh_installtmpfiles:
-	dh_installsysusers
-
-override_dh_installsysusers:
-
-override_dh_install:
-	install -D -m 0755 xrpld            debian/xrpld/usr/bin/xrpld
-	install -D -m 0644 xrpld.cfg        debian/xrpld/etc/xrpld/xrpld.cfg
-	install -D -m 0644 validators.txt   debian/xrpld/etc/xrpld/validators.txt
-	install -D -m 0755 update-xrpld     debian/xrpld/usr/libexec/xrpld/update-xrpld
-
-override_dh_dwz:
-	@:

package/debian/source/format

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-3.0 (quilt)

package/debian/xrpld.docs

@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-README.md
-LICENSE.md

package/debian/xrpld.links

@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-# Legacy compat symlinks (remove next major release)
-usr/bin/xrpld          usr/local/bin/rippled

package/rpm/xrpld.spec

@@ -1,100 +0,0 @@
-Name:     xrpld
-Version:  %{xrpld_version}
-Release:  %{xrpld_release}%{?dist}
-Summary:  XRP Ledger daemon
-
-License:  ISC
-URL:      https://github.com/XRPLF/rippled
-
-ExclusiveArch: x86_64 aarch64
-BuildRequires: systemd-rpm-macros
-
-%undefine _debugsource_packages
-%debug_package
-
-%build_mtime_policy clamp_to_source_date_epoch
-
-%{?systemd_requires}
-%{?sysusers_requires_compat}
-
-%description
-xrpld is the reference implementation of the XRP Ledger protocol. It
-participates in the peer-to-peer XRP Ledger network, processes
-transactions, and maintains the ledger database.
-
-%prep
-:
-
-%build
-:
-
-%install
-install -Dm0755 %{_sourcedir}/xrpld                %{buildroot}%{_bindir}/%{name}
-install -Dm0644 %{_sourcedir}/xrpld.cfg            %{buildroot}%{_sysconfdir}/%{name}/xrpld.cfg
-install -Dm0644 %{_sourcedir}/validators.txt       %{buildroot}%{_sysconfdir}/%{name}/validators.txt
-
-# systemd units, sysusers, tmpfiles, preset
-install -Dm0644 %{_sourcedir}/xrpld.service        %{buildroot}%{_unitdir}/xrpld.service
-install -Dm0644 %{_sourcedir}/update-xrpld.service %{buildroot}%{_unitdir}/update-xrpld.service
-install -Dm0644 %{_sourcedir}/update-xrpld.timer   %{buildroot}%{_unitdir}/update-xrpld.timer
-install -Dm0644 %{_sourcedir}/xrpld.sysusers       %{buildroot}%{_sysusersdir}/xrpld.conf
-install -Dm0644 %{_sourcedir}/xrpld.tmpfiles       %{buildroot}%{_tmpfilesdir}/xrpld.conf
-install -Dm0644 %{_sourcedir}/50-xrpld.preset      %{buildroot}%{_presetdir}/50-xrpld.preset
-
-# Logrotate config
-install -Dm0644 %{_sourcedir}/xrpld.logrotate      %{buildroot}%{_sysconfdir}/logrotate.d/%{name}
-
-# Update helper
-install -Dm0755 %{_sourcedir}/update-xrpld         %{buildroot}%{_libexecdir}/%{name}/update-xrpld
-
-# Docs
-install -Dm0644 %{_sourcedir}/LICENSE.md %{buildroot}%{_docdir}/%{name}/LICENSE.md
-install -Dm0644 %{_sourcedir}/README.md  %{buildroot}%{_docdir}/%{name}/README.md
-
-# Legacy compatibility for pre-FHS package layouts.
-# TODO: remove after rippled fully deprecated.
-install -d %{buildroot}/usr/local/bin
-ln -s %{_bindir}/%{name} %{buildroot}/usr/local/bin/rippled
-
-%pre
-%sysusers_create_package %{name} %{_sourcedir}/xrpld.sysusers
-
-%post
-systemd-tmpfiles --create %{_tmpfilesdir}/xrpld.conf || :
-%systemd_post xrpld.service update-xrpld.timer
-
-%preun
-%systemd_preun xrpld.service update-xrpld.timer
-
-%postun
-%systemd_postun_with_restart xrpld.service
-
-%files
-%license %{_docdir}/%{name}/LICENSE.md
-%doc %{_docdir}/%{name}/README.md
-
-%dir %{_sysconfdir}/%{name}
-%dir %{_libexecdir}/%{name}
-
-%{_bindir}/%{name}
-
-%config(noreplace) %{_sysconfdir}/%{name}/xrpld.cfg
-%config(noreplace) %{_sysconfdir}/%{name}/validators.txt
-%config(noreplace) %{_sysconfdir}/logrotate.d/%{name}
-
-%{_libexecdir}/%{name}/update-xrpld
-
-%{_unitdir}/xrpld.service
-%{_unitdir}/update-xrpld.service
-%{_unitdir}/update-xrpld.timer
-%{_presetdir}/50-xrpld.preset
-%{_sysusersdir}/xrpld.conf
-%{_tmpfilesdir}/xrpld.conf
-
-%ghost %dir /var/lib/%{name}
-%ghost %dir /var/log/%{name}
-
-
-# Legacy compatibility for pre-FHS package layouts.
-# TODO: remove after rippled fully deprecated.
-/usr/local/bin/rippled

package/shared/50-xrpld.preset

@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-# /usr/lib/systemd/system-preset/50-xrpld.preset
-enable xrpld.service
-# Don't enable automatic updates
-disable update-xrpld.timer

package/shared/update-xrpld

@@ -1,152 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env bash
-set -euo pipefail
-
-# Optional: also write logs to a legacy file in addition to journald.
-# By default, this script logs to systemd/journald, viewable via:
-#   journalctl -t update-xrpld
-#
-# Uncomment the line below if you need a flat file for compatibility with
-# external tooling, manual inspection, or environments where journald logs
-# are not persisted or easily accessible.
-#
-# Note: This duplicates all output (stdout/stderr) to both journald and the file.
-# It is generally not needed on modern systems and may cause log file growth
-# if left enabled long-term.
-#
-# Requires /var/log/xrpld/ to exist and be writable by the service (root).
-#
-# exec > >(tee -a /var/log/xrpld/update.log) 2>&1
-
-PATH=/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
-
-PKG_NAME=${PKG_NAME:-xrpld}
-
-log() {
-# If running under systemd/journald, let it handle timestamps.
-    if [[ -n "${JOURNAL_STREAM:-}" ]]; then
-        printf '%s\n' "$*"
-    else
-        printf '%s %s\n' "$(date -u +'%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ')" "$*"
-    fi
-}
-
-require_root() {
-    if [[ ${EUID:-$(id -u)} -ne 0 ]]; then
-        log "RESULT: failed reason=not-root"
-            exit 1
-    fi
-}
-
-get_installed_version() {
-    if command -v dpkg-query >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-        dpkg-query -W -f='${Version}' "$PKG_NAME" 2>/dev/null || printf 'unknown'
-    elif command -v rpm >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-        rpm -q --qf '%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE}' "$PKG_NAME" 2>/dev/null || printf 'unknown'
-    else
-        printf 'unknown'
-    fi
-}
-
-trap 'log "RESULT: failed reason=script-error exit_code=$?"' ERR
-
-apt_can_update() {
-    apt-get update -qq
-    apt-get -s --only-upgrade install "$PKG_NAME" 2>/dev/null | grep -q "^Inst ${PKG_NAME}\b"
-}
-
-apt_apply_update() {
-    DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y -qq \
-        -o Dpkg::Options::="--force-confdef" \
-        -o Dpkg::Options::="--force-confold" \
-        "$PKG_NAME"
-}
-
-get_rpm_pm() {
-    if command -v dnf >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-        printf 'dnf\n'
-    elif command -v yum >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-        printf 'yum\n'
-    else
-        return 1
-    fi
-}
-
-rpm_refresh_metadata() {
-    local pm=$1
-    if [[ "$pm" == "dnf" ]]; then
-        dnf makecache --refresh -q >/dev/null
-    else
-        yum clean expire-cache -q >/dev/null
-    fi
-}
-
-rpm_can_update() {
-    local pm=$1
-
-    rpm_refresh_metadata "$pm"
-    local rc=0
-    set +e
-    "$pm" check-update -q "$PKG_NAME" >/dev/null 2>&1
-    rc=$?
-    set -e
-
-    if [[ $rc -eq 100 ]]; then
-        return 0
-    elif [[ $rc -eq 0 ]]; then
-        return 1
-    else
-        log "$pm check-update failed with exit code ${rc}."
-        exit 1
-    fi
-}
-
-rpm_apply_update() {
-    local pm=$1
-    "$pm" update -y "$PKG_NAME"
-}
-
-restart_service() {
-    # Preserve the operator's prior service state: if xrpld was intentionally
-    # stopped before the update, don't bring it back up just because the
-    # auto-update timer fired.
-    if systemctl is-active --quiet "${PKG_NAME}.service"; then
-        systemctl restart "${PKG_NAME}.service"
-        log "${PKG_NAME} service restarted successfully."
-    else
-        log "${PKG_NAME} service was not running; skipping restart to preserve prior state."
-    fi
-}
-
-main() {
-    require_root
-    if command -v apt-get >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-        log "Checking for ${PKG_NAME} updates via apt"
-        if apt_can_update; then
-            log "Update available; installing."
-            apt_apply_update
-            restart_service
-            log "RESULT: updated ${PKG_NAME}=$(get_installed_version)"
-        else
-            log "RESULT: no-update ${PKG_NAME}=$(get_installed_version)"
-        fi
-        return
-    fi
-
-    local rpm_pm=""
-    if rpm_pm="$(get_rpm_pm)"; then
-        log "Checking for ${PKG_NAME} updates via ${rpm_pm}"
-        if rpm_can_update "$rpm_pm"; then
-            log "Update available; installing"
-            rpm_apply_update "$rpm_pm"
-            restart_service
-            log "RESULT: updated ${PKG_NAME}=$(get_installed_version)"
-        else
-            log "RESULT: no-update ${PKG_NAME}=$(get_installed_version)"
-        fi
-        return
-    fi
-    log "RESULT: failed reason=no-package-manager"
-    exit 1
-}
-
-main "$@"

package/shared/update-xrpld.service

@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-[Unit]
-Description=Check for and install xrpld package updates
-Documentation=man:systemd.service(5)
-Wants=network-online.target
-After=network-online.target
-ConditionPathExists=/usr/libexec/xrpld/update-xrpld
-ConditionPathExists=/usr/bin/xrpld
-
-[Service]
-Type=oneshot
-ExecStart=/usr/bin/flock -n /run/lock/xrpld-update.lock /usr/libexec/xrpld/update-xrpld
-StandardOutput=journal
-StandardError=journal
-SyslogIdentifier=update-xrpld
-TimeoutStartSec=30min
-PrivateTmp=true

package/shared/update-xrpld.timer

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-[Unit]
-Description=Daily xrpld update check
-
-[Timer]
-OnCalendar=*-*-* 00:00:00
-RandomizedDelaySec=24h
-Persistent=true
-
-[Install]
-WantedBy=timers.target

package/shared/xrpld.logrotate

@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-/var/log/xrpld/*.log {
-  daily
-  minsize 200M
-  rotate 7
-  nocreate
-  missingok
-  notifempty
-  compress
-  compresscmd /usr/bin/gzip
-  compressext .gz
-  postrotate
-    # Only signal the daemon if it's actually running; otherwise the RPC
-    # call returns a transport error and logrotate marks the rotation as
-    # failed, generating recurring errors on stopped nodes.
-    if systemctl is-active --quiet xrpld; then
-      /usr/bin/xrpld --conf /etc/xrpld/xrpld.cfg logrotate
-    fi
-  endscript
-}

package/shared/xrpld.service

@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-[Unit]
-Description=XRP Ledger Daemon
-After=network-online.target
-Wants=network-online.target
-StartLimitIntervalSec=300
-StartLimitBurst=5
-
-[Service]
-Type=simple
-ExecStart=/usr/bin/xrpld --net --silent --conf /etc/xrpld/xrpld.cfg
-Restart=always
-RestartSec=5s
-NoNewPrivileges=true
-ProtectSystem=full
-ProtectHome=true
-PrivateTmp=true
-User=xrpld
-Group=xrpld
-LimitNOFILE=65536
-
-[Install]
-WantedBy=multi-user.target

package/shared/xrpld.sysusers

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-u xrpld - "XRP Ledger daemon" /var/lib/xrpld /sbin/nologin

package/shared/xrpld.tmpfiles

@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-d /var/lib/xrpld    0750 xrpld xrpld -
-d /var/log/xrpld    0750 xrpld xrpld -

src/libxrpl/basics/ResolverAsio.cpp

@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ public:
 
     beast::Journal journal;
 
-    boost::asio::io_context& ioContext;
+    boost::asio::io_context& io_context;
     boost::asio::strand<boost::asio::io_context::executor_type> strand;
     boost::asio::ip::tcp::resolver resolver;
 
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ public:
     std::mutex mut;
     bool asyncHandlersCompleted{true};
 
-    std::atomic<bool> stopCalled;
+    std::atomic<bool> stop_called;
     std::atomic<bool> stopped;
 
     // Represents a unit of work for the resolver to do
@@ -138,10 +138,10 @@ public:
 
     ResolverAsioImpl(boost::asio::io_context& ioContext, beast::Journal journal)
         : journal(journal)
-        , ioContext(ioContext)
+        , io_context(ioContext)
         , strand(boost::asio::make_strand(ioContext))
         , resolver(ioContext)
-        , stopCalled(false)
+        , stop_called(false)
         , stopped(true)
     {
     }
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ public:
     start() override
     {
         XRPL_ASSERT(stopped == true, "xrpl::ResolverAsioImpl::start : stopped");
-        XRPL_ASSERT(stopCalled == false, "xrpl::ResolverAsioImpl::start : not stopping");
+        XRPL_ASSERT(stop_called == false, "xrpl::ResolverAsioImpl::start : not stopping");
 
         if (stopped.exchange(false))
         {
@@ -187,10 +187,10 @@ public:
     void
     stopAsync() override
     {
-        if (!stopCalled.exchange(true))
+        if (!stop_called.exchange(true))
         {
             boost::asio::dispatch(
-                ioContext,
+                io_context,
                 boost::asio::bind_executor(
                     strand, std::bind(&ResolverAsioImpl::doStop, this, CompletionCounter(this))));
 
@@ -213,13 +213,13 @@ public:
     void
     resolve(std::vector<std::string> const& names, HandlerType const& handler) override
     {
-        XRPL_ASSERT(stopCalled == false, "xrpl::ResolverAsioImpl::resolve : not stopping");
+        XRPL_ASSERT(stop_called == false, "xrpl::ResolverAsioImpl::resolve : not stopping");
         XRPL_ASSERT(!names.empty(), "xrpl::ResolverAsioImpl::resolve : names non-empty");
 
         // TODO NIKB use rvalue references to construct and move
         //           reducing cost.
         boost::asio::dispatch(
-            ioContext,
+            io_context,
             boost::asio::bind_executor(
                 strand,
                 std::bind(
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ public:
     void
     doStop(CompletionCounter)
     {
-        XRPL_ASSERT(stopCalled == true, "xrpl::ResolverAsioImpl::doStop : stopping");
+        XRPL_ASSERT(stop_called == true, "xrpl::ResolverAsioImpl::doStop : stopping");
 
         if (!stopped.exchange(true))
         {
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ public:
         handler(name, addresses);
 
         boost::asio::post(
-            ioContext,
+            io_context,
             boost::asio::bind_executor(
                 strand, std::bind(&ResolverAsioImpl::doWork, this, CompletionCounter(this))));
     }
@@ -324,7 +324,7 @@ public:
     void
     doWork(CompletionCounter)
     {
-        if (stopCalled)
+        if (stop_called)
             return;
 
         // We don't have any work to do at this time
@@ -346,7 +346,7 @@ public:
             JLOG(journal.error()) << "Unable to parse '" << name << "'";
 
             boost::asio::post(
-                ioContext,
+                io_context,
                 boost::asio::bind_executor(
                     strand, std::bind(&ResolverAsioImpl::doWork, this, CompletionCounter(this))));
 
@@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ public:
     {
         XRPL_ASSERT(!names.empty(), "xrpl::ResolverAsioImpl::doResolve : names non-empty");
 
-        if (!stopCalled)
+        if (!stop_called)
         {
             work.emplace_back(names, handler);
 
@@ -381,7 +381,7 @@ public:
             if (!work.empty())
             {
                 boost::asio::post(
-                    ioContext,
+                    io_context,
                     boost::asio::bind_executor(
                         strand,
                         std::bind(&ResolverAsioImpl::doWork, this, CompletionCounter(this))));

src/libxrpl/beast/insight/StatsDCollector.cpp

@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ public:
 private:
     std::shared_ptr<StatsDCollectorImp> impl_;
     std::string name_;
-    GaugeImpl::value_type lastValue_{0};
+    GaugeImpl::value_type last_value_{0};
     GaugeImpl::value_type value_{0};
     bool dirty_{false};
 };
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ private:
     Journal journal_;
     IP::Endpoint address_;
     std::string prefix_;
-    boost::asio::io_context ioContext_;
+    boost::asio::io_context io_context_;
     std::optional<boost::asio::executor_work_guard<boost::asio::io_context::executor_type>> work_;
     boost::asio::strand<boost::asio::io_context::executor_type> strand_;
     boost::asio::basic_waitable_timer<std::chrono::steady_clock> timer_;
@@ -232,10 +232,10 @@ public:
         : journal_(journal)
         , address_(std::move(address))
         , prefix_(std::move(prefix))
-        , work_(boost::asio::make_work_guard(ioContext_))
-        , strand_(boost::asio::make_strand(ioContext_))
-        , timer_(ioContext_)
-        , socket_(ioContext_)
+        , work_(boost::asio::make_work_guard(io_context_))
+        , strand_(boost::asio::make_strand(io_context_))
+        , timer_(io_context_)
+        , socket_(io_context_)
         , thread_(&StatsDCollectorImp::run, this)
     {
     }
@@ -306,7 +306,7 @@ public:
     boost::asio::io_context&
     getIoContext()
     {
-        return ioContext_;
+        return io_context_;
     }
 
     std::string const&
@@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ public:
     postBuffer(std::string&& buffer)
     {
         boost::asio::dispatch(
-            ioContext_,
+            io_context_,
             boost::asio::bind_executor(
                 strand_, std::bind(&StatsDCollectorImp::doPostBuffer, this, std::move(buffer))));
     }
@@ -465,14 +465,14 @@ public:
 
         setTimer();
 
-        ioContext_.run();
+        io_context_.run();
 
         // NOLINTNEXTLINE(bugprone-unused-return-value)
         socket_.shutdown(boost::asio::ip::udp::socket::shutdown_send, ec);
 
         socket_.close();
 
-        ioContext_.poll();
+        io_context_.poll();
     }
 };
 
@@ -628,9 +628,9 @@ StatsDGaugeImpl::doSet(GaugeImpl::value_type value)
 {
     value_ = value;
 
-    if (value_ != lastValue_)
+    if (value_ != last_value_)
     {
-        lastValue_ = value_;
+        last_value_ = value_;
         dirty_ = true;
     }
 }