Merge remote-tracking branch 'XRPLF/tapanito/lending-vault-invariant' into ximinez/number-scale2

* XRPLF/tapanito/lending-vault-invariant:
  adds missing includes
  refactor: Modularize app/tx (6228)
  refactor: Decouple app/tx from `Application` and `Config` (6227)

.github/scripts/levelization/README.md

@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ that `test` code should _never_ be included in `xrpl` or `xrpld` code.)
 
 ## Validation
 
-The [levelization](generate.py) script takes no parameters,
+The [levelization](generate.sh) script takes no parameters,
 reads no environment variables, and can be run from any directory,
 as long as it is in the expected location in the rippled repo.
 It can be run at any time from within a checked out repo, and will
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ It generates many files of [results](results):
   Github Actions workflow to test that levelization loops haven't
   changed. Unfortunately, if changes are detected, it can't tell if
   they are improvements or not, so if you have resolved any issues or
-  done anything else to improve levelization, run `generate.py`,
+  done anything else to improve levelization, run `levelization.sh`,
   and commit the updated results.
 
 The `loops.txt` and `ordering.txt` files relate the modules
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ The committed files hide the detailed values intentionally, to
 prevent false alarms and merging issues, and because it's easy to
 get those details locally.
 
-1. Run `generate.py`
+1. Run `levelization.sh`
 2. Grep the modules in `paths.txt`.
    - For example, if a cycle is found `A ~= B`, simply `grep -w
 A .github/scripts/levelization/results/paths.txt | grep -w B`

.github/scripts/levelization/generate.py

@@ -1,369 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
-
-"""
-Usage: generate.py
-This script takes no parameters, and can be run from any directory,
-as long as it is in the expected.
-location in the repo.
-"""
-
-import os
-import re
-import subprocess
-import sys
-from collections import defaultdict
-from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Dict, List, Tuple, Set, Optional
-
-
-# Compile regex patterns once at module level
-INCLUDE_PATTERN = re.compile(r"^\s*#include.*/.*\.h")
-INCLUDE_PATH_PATTERN = re.compile(r'[<"]([^>"]+)[>"]')
-
-
-def dictionary_sort_key(s: str) -> str:
-    """
-    Create a sort key that mimics 'sort -d' (dictionary order).
-    Dictionary order only considers blanks and alphanumeric characters.
-    This means punctuation like '.' is ignored during sorting.
-    """
-    # Keep only alphanumeric characters and spaces
-    return "".join(c for c in s if c.isalnum() or c.isspace())
-
-
-def get_level(file_path: str) -> str:
-    """
-    Extract the level from a file path (second and third directory components).
-    Equivalent to bash: cut -d/ -f 2,3
-
-    Examples:
-        src/xrpld/app/main.cpp -> xrpld.app
-        src/libxrpl/protocol/STObject.cpp -> libxrpl.protocol
-        include/xrpl/basics/base_uint.h -> xrpl.basics
-    """
-    parts = file_path.split("/")
-
-    # Get fields 2 and 3 (indices 1 and 2 in 0-based indexing)
-    if len(parts) >= 3:
-        level = f"{parts[1]}/{parts[2]}"
-    elif len(parts) >= 2:
-        level = f"{parts[1]}/toplevel"
-    else:
-        level = file_path
-
-    # If the "level" indicates a file, cut off the filename
-    if "." in level.split("/")[-1]:  # Avoid Path object creation
-        # Use the "toplevel" label as a workaround for `sort`
-        # inconsistencies between different utility versions
-        level = level.rsplit("/", 1)[0] + "/toplevel"
-
-    return level.replace("/", ".")
-
-
-def extract_include_level(include_line: str) -> Optional[str]:
-    """
-    Extract the include path from an #include directive.
-    Gets the first two directory components from the include path.
-    Equivalent to bash: cut -d/ -f 1,2
-
-    Examples:
-        #include <xrpl/basics/base_uint.h> -> xrpl.basics
-        #include "xrpld/app/main/Application.h" -> xrpld.app
-    """
-    # Remove everything before the quote or angle bracket
-    match = INCLUDE_PATH_PATTERN.search(include_line)
-    if not match:
-        return None
-
-    include_path = match.group(1)
-    parts = include_path.split("/")
-
-    # Get first two fields (indices 0 and 1)
-    if len(parts) >= 2:
-        include_level = f"{parts[0]}/{parts[1]}"
-    else:
-        include_level = include_path
-
-    # If the "includelevel" indicates a file, cut off the filename
-    if "." in include_level.split("/")[-1]:  # Avoid Path object creation
-        include_level = include_level.rsplit("/", 1)[0] + "/toplevel"
-
-    return include_level.replace("/", ".")
-
-
-def find_repo_root(start_path: Path, depth_limit: int = 10) -> Path:
-    """
-    Find the repository root by looking for .git directory or src/include folders.
-    Walks up the directory tree from the start path.
-    """
-    current = start_path.resolve()
-
-    # Walk up the directory tree
-    for _ in range(depth_limit):  # Limit search depth to prevent infinite loops
-        # Check if this directory has src or include folders
-        has_src = (current / "src").exists()
-        has_include = (current / "include").exists()
-
-        if has_src or has_include:
-            return current
-
-        # Check if this is a git repository root
-        if (current / ".git").exists():
-            # Check if it has src or include nearby
-            if has_src or has_include:
-                return current
-
-        # Move up one level
-        parent = current.parent
-        if parent == current:  # Reached filesystem root
-            break
-        current = parent
-
-    # If we couldn't find it, raise an error
-    raise RuntimeError(
-        "Could not find repository root. "
-        "Expected to find a directory containing 'src' and/or 'include' folders."
-    )
-
-
-def get_scan_directories(repo_root: Path) -> List[Path]:
-    """
-    Get the list of directories to scan for include files.
-    Returns paths that actually exist.
-    """
-    directories = []
-
-    for dir_name in ["include", "src"]:
-        dir_path = repo_root / dir_name
-        if dir_path.exists() and dir_path.is_dir():
-            directories.append(dir_path)
-
-    if not directories:
-        raise RuntimeError(f"No 'src' or 'include' directories found in {repo_root}")
-
-    return directories
-
-
-def main():
-    # Change to the script's directory
-    script_dir = Path(__file__).parent.resolve()
-    os.chdir(script_dir)
-
-    # If the shell is interactive, clean up any flotsam before analyzing
-    # Match bash behavior: check if PS1 is set (indicates interactive shell)
-    # When running a script, PS1 is not set even if stdin/stdout are TTYs
-    if os.environ.get("PS1"):
-        try:
-            subprocess.run(["git", "clean", "-ix"], check=False, timeout=30)
-        except (subprocess.TimeoutExpired, KeyboardInterrupt):
-            print("Skipping git clean...")
-        except Exception:
-            # If git clean fails for any reason, just continue
-            pass
-
-    # Clean up and create results directory
-    results_dir = script_dir / "results"
-    if results_dir.exists():
-        import shutil
-
-        shutil.rmtree(results_dir)
-    results_dir.mkdir()
-
-    # Find the repository root by searching for src and include directories
-    try:
-        repo_root = find_repo_root(script_dir)
-        scan_dirs = get_scan_directories(repo_root)
-
-        print(f"Found repository root: {repo_root}")
-        print(f"Scanning directories:")
-        for scan_dir in scan_dirs:
-            print(f"  - {scan_dir.relative_to(repo_root)}")
-    except RuntimeError as e:
-        print(f"Error: {e}", file=sys.stderr)
-        sys.exit(1)
-
-    print("\nScanning for raw includes...")
-    # Find all #include directives
-    raw_includes: List[Tuple[str, str]] = []
-    rawincludes_file = results_dir / "rawincludes.txt"
-
-    # Write to file as we go to avoid storing everything in memory
-    with open(rawincludes_file, "w", buffering=8192) as raw_f:
-        for dir_path in scan_dirs:
-            print(f"  Scanning {dir_path.relative_to(repo_root)}...")
-
-            for file_path in dir_path.rglob("*"):
-                if not file_path.is_file():
-                    continue
-
-                try:
-                    rel_path_str = str(file_path.relative_to(repo_root))
-
-                    # Read file with larger buffer for better performance
-                    with open(
-                        file_path,
-                        "r",
-                        encoding="utf-8",
-                        errors="ignore",
-                        buffering=8192,
-                    ) as f:
-                        for line in f:
-                            # Quick check before regex
-                            if "#include" not in line or "boost" in line:
-                                continue
-
-                            if INCLUDE_PATTERN.match(line):
-                                line_stripped = line.strip()
-                                entry = f"{rel_path_str}:{line_stripped}\n"
-                                print(entry, end="")
-                                raw_f.write(entry)
-                                raw_includes.append((rel_path_str, line_stripped))
-                except Exception as e:
-                    print(f"Error reading {file_path}: {e}", file=sys.stderr)
-
-    # Build levelization paths and count directly (no need to sort first)
-    print("Build levelization paths")
-    path_counts: Dict[Tuple[str, str], int] = defaultdict(int)
-
-    for file_path, include_line in raw_includes:
-        level = get_level(file_path)
-        include_level = extract_include_level(include_line)
-
-        if include_level and level != include_level:
-            path_counts[(level, include_level)] += 1
-
-    # Sort and deduplicate paths (using dictionary order like bash 'sort -d')
-    print("Sort and deduplicate paths")
-
-    paths_file = results_dir / "paths.txt"
-    with open(paths_file, "w") as f:
-        # Sort using dictionary order: only alphanumeric and spaces matter
-        sorted_items = sorted(
-            path_counts.items(),
-            key=lambda x: (dictionary_sort_key(x[0][0]), dictionary_sort_key(x[0][1])),
-        )
-        for (level, include_level), count in sorted_items:
-            line = f"{count:7} {level} {include_level}\n"
-            print(line.rstrip())
-            f.write(line)
-
-    # Split into flat-file database
-    print("Split into flat-file database")
-    includes_dir = results_dir / "includes"
-    included_by_dir = results_dir / "included_by"
-    includes_dir.mkdir()
-    included_by_dir.mkdir()
-
-    # Batch writes by grouping data first to avoid repeated file opens
-    includes_data: Dict[str, List[Tuple[str, int]]] = defaultdict(list)
-    included_by_data: Dict[str, List[Tuple[str, int]]] = defaultdict(list)
-
-    # Process in sorted order to match bash script behavior (dictionary order)
-    sorted_items = sorted(
-        path_counts.items(),
-        key=lambda x: (dictionary_sort_key(x[0][0]), dictionary_sort_key(x[0][1])),
-    )
-    for (level, include_level), count in sorted_items:
-        includes_data[level].append((include_level, count))
-        included_by_data[include_level].append((level, count))
-
-    # Write all includes files in sorted order (dictionary order)
-    for level in sorted(includes_data.keys(), key=dictionary_sort_key):
-        entries = includes_data[level]
-        with open(includes_dir / level, "w") as f:
-            for include_level, count in entries:
-                line = f"{include_level} {count}\n"
-                print(line.rstrip())
-                f.write(line)
-
-    # Write all included_by files in sorted order (dictionary order)
-    for include_level in sorted(included_by_data.keys(), key=dictionary_sort_key):
-        entries = included_by_data[include_level]
-        with open(included_by_dir / include_level, "w") as f:
-            for level, count in entries:
-                line = f"{level} {count}\n"
-                print(line.rstrip())
-                f.write(line)
-
-    # Search for loops
-    print("Search for loops")
-    loops_file = results_dir / "loops.txt"
-    ordering_file = results_dir / "ordering.txt"
-
-    loops_found: Set[Tuple[str, str]] = set()
-
-    # Pre-load all include files into memory to avoid repeated I/O
-    # This is the biggest optimization - we were reading files repeatedly in nested loops
-    # Use list of tuples to preserve file order
-    includes_cache: Dict[str, List[Tuple[str, int]]] = {}
-    includes_lookup: Dict[str, Dict[str, int]] = {}  # For fast lookup
-
-    # Note: bash script uses 'for source in *' which uses standard glob sorting,
-    # NOT dictionary order. So we use standard sorted() here, not dictionary_sort_key.
-    for include_file in sorted(includes_dir.iterdir(), key=lambda p: p.name):
-        if not include_file.is_file():
-            continue
-
-        includes_cache[include_file.name] = []
-        includes_lookup[include_file.name] = {}
-        with open(include_file, "r") as f:
-            for line in f:
-                parts = line.strip().split()
-                if len(parts) >= 2:
-                    include_name = parts[0]
-                    include_count = int(parts[1])
-                    includes_cache[include_file.name].append(
-                        (include_name, include_count)
-                    )
-                    includes_lookup[include_file.name][include_name] = include_count
-
-    with open(loops_file, "w", buffering=8192) as loops_f, open(
-        ordering_file, "w", buffering=8192
-    ) as ordering_f:
-
-        # Use standard sorting to match bash glob expansion 'for source in *'
-        for source in sorted(includes_cache.keys()):
-            source_includes = includes_cache[source]
-
-            for include, include_freq in source_includes:
-                # Check if include file exists and references source
-                if include not in includes_lookup:
-                    continue
-
-                source_freq = includes_lookup[include].get(source)
-
-                if source_freq is not None:
-                    # Found a loop
-                    loop_key = tuple(sorted([source, include]))
-                    if loop_key in loops_found:
-                        continue
-                    loops_found.add(loop_key)
-
-                    loops_f.write(f"Loop: {source} {include}\n")
-
-                    # If the counts are close, indicate that the two modules are
-                    # on the same level, though they shouldn't be
-                    diff = include_freq - source_freq
-                    if diff > 3:
-                        loops_f.write(f"  {source} > {include}\n\n")
-                    elif diff < -3:
-                        loops_f.write(f"  {include} > {source}\n\n")
-                    elif source_freq == include_freq:
-                        loops_f.write(f"  {include} == {source}\n\n")
-                    else:
-                        loops_f.write(f"  {include} ~= {source}\n\n")
-                else:
-                    ordering_f.write(f"{source} > {include}\n")
-
-    # Print results
-    print("\nOrdering:")
-    with open(ordering_file, "r") as f:
-        print(f.read(), end="")
-
-    print("\nLoops:")
-    with open(loops_file, "r") as f:
-        print(f.read(), end="")
-
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    main()

.github/scripts/levelization/generate.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+# Usage: generate.sh
+# This script takes no parameters, reads no environment variables,
+# and can be run from any directory, as long as it is in the expected
+# location in the repo.
+
+pushd $( dirname $0 )
+
+if [ -v PS1 ]
+then
+  # if the shell is interactive, clean up any flotsam before analyzing
+  git clean -ix
+fi
+
+# Ensure all sorting is ASCII-order consistently across platforms.
+export LANG=C
+
+rm -rfv results
+mkdir results
+includes="$( pwd )/results/rawincludes.txt"
+pushd ../../..
+echo Raw includes:
+grep -r '^[ ]*#include.*/.*\.h' include src | \
+    grep -v boost | tee ${includes}
+popd
+pushd results
+
+oldifs=${IFS}
+IFS=:
+mkdir includes
+mkdir included_by
+echo Build levelization paths
+exec 3< ${includes} # open rawincludes.txt for input
+while read -r -u 3 file include
+do
+    level=$( echo ${file} | cut -d/ -f 2,3 )
+    # If the "level" indicates a file, cut off the filename
+    if [[ "${level##*.}" != "${level}" ]]
+    then
+        # Use the "toplevel" label as a workaround for `sort`
+        # inconsistencies between different utility versions
+        level="$( dirname ${level} )/toplevel"
+    fi
+    level=$( echo ${level} | tr '/' '.' )
+
+    includelevel=$( echo ${include} | sed 's/.*["<]//; s/[">].*//' | \
+        cut -d/ -f 1,2 )
+    if [[ "${includelevel##*.}" != "${includelevel}" ]]
+    then
+        # Use the "toplevel" label as a workaround for `sort`
+        # inconsistencies between different utility versions
+        includelevel="$( dirname ${includelevel} )/toplevel"
+    fi
+    includelevel=$( echo ${includelevel} | tr '/' '.' )
+
+    if [[ "$level" != "$includelevel" ]]
+    then
+        echo $level $includelevel | tee -a paths.txt
+    fi
+done
+echo Sort and deduplicate paths
+sort -ds paths.txt | uniq -c | tee sortedpaths.txt
+mv sortedpaths.txt paths.txt
+exec 3>&- #close fd 3
+IFS=${oldifs}
+unset oldifs
+
+echo Split into flat-file database
+exec 4<paths.txt # open paths.txt for input
+while read -r -u 4 count level include
+do
+    echo ${include} ${count} | tee -a includes/${level}
+    echo ${level} ${count} | tee -a included_by/${include}
+done
+exec 4>&- #close fd 4
+
+loops="$( pwd )/loops.txt"
+ordering="$( pwd )/ordering.txt"
+pushd includes
+echo Search for loops
+# Redirect stdout to a file
+exec 4>&1
+exec 1>"${loops}"
+for source in *
+do
+  if [[ -f "$source" ]]
+  then
+    exec 5<"${source}" # open for input
+    while read -r -u 5 include includefreq
+    do
+      if [[ -f $include ]]
+      then
+        if grep -q -w $source $include
+        then
+          if grep -q -w "Loop: $include $source" "${loops}"
+          then
+            continue
+          fi
+          sourcefreq=$( grep -w $source $include | cut -d\  -f2 )
+          echo "Loop: $source $include"
+          # If the counts are close, indicate that the two modules are
+          # on the same level, though they shouldn't be
+          if [[ $(( $includefreq - $sourcefreq )) -gt 3 ]]
+          then
+              echo -e "  $source > $include\n"
+          elif [[ $(( $sourcefreq - $includefreq )) -gt 3 ]]
+          then
+              echo -e "  $include > $source\n"
+          elif [[ $sourcefreq -eq $includefreq ]]
+          then
+              echo -e "  $include == $source\n"
+          else
+              echo -e "  $include ~= $source\n"
+          fi
+        else
+          echo "$source > $include" >> "${ordering}"
+        fi
+      fi
+    done
+    exec 5>&- #close fd 5
+  fi
+done
+exec 1>&4 #close fd 1
+exec 4>&- #close fd 4
+cat "${ordering}"
+cat "${loops}"
+popd
+popd
+popd

.github/scripts/levelization/results/ordering.txt

@@ -32,6 +32,14 @@ libxrpl.server > xrpl.server
 libxrpl.shamap > xrpl.basics
 libxrpl.shamap > xrpl.protocol
 libxrpl.shamap > xrpl.shamap
+libxrpl.tx > xrpl.basics
+libxrpl.tx > xrpl.conditions
+libxrpl.tx > xrpl.core
+libxrpl.tx > xrpl.json
+libxrpl.tx > xrpl.ledger
+libxrpl.tx > xrpl.protocol
+libxrpl.tx > xrpl.server
+libxrpl.tx > xrpl.tx
 test.app > test.jtx
 test.app > test.rpc
 test.app > test.toplevel
@@ -49,6 +57,7 @@ test.app > xrpl.protocol
 test.app > xrpl.rdb
 test.app > xrpl.resource
 test.app > xrpl.server
+test.app > xrpl.tx
 test.basics > test.jtx
 test.basics > test.unit_test
 test.basics > xrpl.basics
@@ -67,6 +76,7 @@ test.consensus > xrpld.app
 test.consensus > xrpld.consensus
 test.consensus > xrpl.json
 test.consensus > xrpl.ledger
+test.consensus > xrpl.tx
 test.core > test.jtx
 test.core > test.toplevel
 test.core > test.unit_test
@@ -93,6 +103,7 @@ test.jtx > xrpl.net
 test.jtx > xrpl.protocol
 test.jtx > xrpl.resource
 test.jtx > xrpl.server
+test.jtx > xrpl.tx
 test.ledger > test.jtx
 test.ledger > test.toplevel
 test.ledger > xrpl.basics
@@ -138,9 +149,11 @@ test.rpc > xrpld.core
 test.rpc > xrpld.overlay
 test.rpc > xrpld.rpc
 test.rpc > xrpl.json
+test.rpc > xrpl.ledger
 test.rpc > xrpl.protocol
 test.rpc > xrpl.resource
 test.rpc > xrpl.server
+test.rpc > xrpl.tx
 test.server > test.jtx
 test.server > test.toplevel
 test.server > test.unit_test
@@ -171,6 +184,7 @@ xrpl.json > xrpl.basics
 xrpl.ledger > xrpl.basics
 xrpl.ledger > xrpl.protocol
 xrpl.ledger > xrpl.server
+xrpl.ledger > xrpl.shamap
 xrpl.net > xrpl.basics
 xrpl.nodestore > xrpl.basics
 xrpl.nodestore > xrpl.protocol
@@ -192,9 +206,12 @@ xrpl.server > xrpl.shamap
 xrpl.shamap > xrpl.basics
 xrpl.shamap > xrpl.nodestore
 xrpl.shamap > xrpl.protocol
+xrpl.tx > xrpl.basics
+xrpl.tx > xrpl.core
+xrpl.tx > xrpl.ledger
+xrpl.tx > xrpl.protocol
 xrpld.app > test.unit_test
 xrpld.app > xrpl.basics
-xrpld.app > xrpl.conditions
 xrpld.app > xrpl.core
 xrpld.app > xrpld.consensus
 xrpld.app > xrpld.core
@@ -207,6 +224,7 @@ xrpld.app > xrpl.rdb
 xrpld.app > xrpl.resource
 xrpld.app > xrpl.server
 xrpld.app > xrpl.shamap
+xrpld.app > xrpl.tx
 xrpld.consensus > xrpl.basics
 xrpld.consensus > xrpl.json
 xrpld.consensus > xrpl.protocol
@@ -225,6 +243,7 @@ xrpld.overlay > xrpl.protocol
 xrpld.overlay > xrpl.rdb
 xrpld.overlay > xrpl.resource
 xrpld.overlay > xrpl.server
+xrpld.overlay > xrpl.tx
 xrpld.peerfinder > xrpl.basics
 xrpld.peerfinder > xrpld.core
 xrpld.peerfinder > xrpl.protocol
@@ -244,4 +263,5 @@ xrpld.rpc > xrpl.protocol
 xrpld.rpc > xrpl.rdb
 xrpld.rpc > xrpl.resource
 xrpld.rpc > xrpl.server
+xrpld.rpc > xrpl.tx
 xrpld.shamap > xrpl.shamap

.github/workflows/reusable-check-levelization.yml

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Checkout repository
         uses: actions/checkout@08eba0b27e820071cde6df949e0beb9ba4906955 # v4.3.0
       - name: Check levelization
-        run: python .github/scripts/levelization/generate.py
+        run: .github/scripts/levelization/generate.sh
       - name: Check for differences
         env:
           MESSAGE: |
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ jobs:
             removed from loops.txt, it's probably an improvement, while if
             something was added, it's probably a regression.
 
-            Run '.github/scripts/levelization/generate.py' in your repo, commit
+            Run '.github/scripts/levelization/generate.sh' in your repo, commit
             and push the changes. See .github/scripts/levelization/README.md for
             more info.
         run: |

.gitignore

@@ -72,8 +72,5 @@ DerivedData
 /.claude
 /CLAUDE.md
 
-# Python
-__pycache__
-
 # clangd cache
 /.cache

cmake/XrplCore.cmake

@@ -109,8 +109,12 @@ target_link_libraries(
            xrpl.libxrpl.protocol
            xrpl.libxrpl.rdb
            xrpl.libxrpl.server
+           xrpl.libxrpl.shamap
            xrpl.libxrpl.conditions)
 
+add_module(xrpl tx)
+target_link_libraries(xrpl.libxrpl.tx PUBLIC xrpl.libxrpl.ledger)
+
 add_library(xrpl.libxrpl)
 set_target_properties(xrpl.libxrpl PROPERTIES OUTPUT_NAME xrpl)
 
@@ -135,7 +139,8 @@ target_link_modules(
     rdb
     resource
     server
-    shamap)
+    shamap
+    tx)
 
 # All headers in libxrpl are in modules.
 # Uncomment this stanza if you have not yet moved new headers into a module.

cmake/XrplInstall.cmake

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ install(TARGETS common
                 xrpl.libxrpl.resource
                 xrpl.libxrpl.server
                 xrpl.libxrpl.shamap
+                xrpl.libxrpl.tx
                 antithesis-sdk-cpp
         EXPORT XrplExports
         LIBRARY DESTINATION lib

include/xrpl/ledger/AmendmentTable.h

@@ -1,17 +1,18 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/ledger/Ledger.h>
-#include <xrpld/core/ConfigSections.h>
-
-#include <xrpl/core/ServiceRegistry.h>
+#include <xrpl/ledger/ReadView.h>
+#include <xrpl/ledger/View.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Feature.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Protocol.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/STValidation.h>
+#include <xrpl/shamap/SHAMap.h>
 
 #include <optional>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 
+class ServiceRegistry;
+
 /** The amendment table stores the list of enabled and potential amendments.
     Individuals amendments are voted on by validators during the consensus
     process.

include/xrpl/protocol/Protocol.h

@@ -253,6 +253,16 @@ std::uint8_t constexpr maxAssetCheckDepth = 5;
 /** A ledger index. */
 using LedgerIndex = std::uint32_t;
 
+std::uint32_t constexpr FLAG_LEDGER_INTERVAL = 256;
+
+/** Returns true if the given ledgerIndex is a voting ledgerIndex */
+bool
+isVotingLedger(LedgerIndex seq);
+
+/** Returns true if the given ledgerIndex is a flag ledgerIndex */
+bool
+isFlagLedger(LedgerIndex seq);
+
 /** A transaction identifier.
     The value is computed as the hash of the
     canonicalized, serialized transaction object.

include/xrpl/protocol/STAmount.h

@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ private:
 public:
     using value_type = STAmount;
 
-    static int const cMinOffset = -96;
-    static int const cMaxOffset = 80;
+    static int constexpr cMinOffset = -96;
+    static int constexpr cMaxOffset = 80;
 
     // Maximum native value supported by the code
     constexpr static std::uint64_t cMinValue = 1'000'000'000'000'000ull;
@@ -720,6 +720,22 @@ canAdd(STAmount const& amt1, STAmount const& amt2);
 bool
 canSubtract(STAmount const& amt1, STAmount const& amt2);
 
+/** Get the scale of a Number for a given asset.
+ *
+ * "scale" is similar to "exponent", but from the perspective of STAmount, which has different rules and mantissa ranges
+ * for determining the exponent than Number.
+ *
+ * @param number The Number to get the scale of.
+ * @param asset The asset to use for determining the scale.
+ * @return The scale of this Number for the given asset.
+ */
+template <AssetType Asset>
+inline int
+numberScale(Number const& number, Asset const& asset)
+{
+    return STAmount{asset, number}.exponent();
+}
+
 }  // namespace xrpl
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------

include/xrpl/protocol/detail/features.macro

@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@
 
 // Add new amendments to the top of this list.
 // Keep it sorted in reverse chronological order.
+
+XRPL_FIX    (LendingProtocolV1_1,        Supported::yes, VoteBehavior::DefaultNo)
 XRPL_FIX   (PermissionedDomainInvariant, Supported::yes, VoteBehavior::DefaultNo)
 XRPL_FIX    (ExpiredNFTokenOfferRemoval, Supported::yes, VoteBehavior::DefaultNo)
 XRPL_FIX    (BatchInnerSigs,             Supported::yes, VoteBehavior::DefaultNo)

include/xrpl/protocol/detail/transactions.macro

@@ -8,11 +8,11 @@
  * To ease maintenance, you may replace any unneeded values with "..."
  * e.g. #define TRANSACTION(tag, value, name, ...)
  *
- * You must define a transactor class in the `ripple` namespace named `name`,
+ * You must define a transactor class in the `xrpl` namespace named `name`,
  * and include its header alongside the TRANSACTOR definition using this
  * format:
  * #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
- * #   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/HEADER.h>
+ * #   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/HEADER.h>
  * #endif
  *
  * The `privileges` parameter of the TRANSACTION macro is a bitfield
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 
 /** This transaction type executes a payment. */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Payment.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/Payment.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttPAYMENT, 0, Payment,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttPAYMENT, 0, Payment,
 
 /** This transaction type creates an escrow object. */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Escrow.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/Escrow.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttESCROW_CREATE, 1, EscrowCreate,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttESCROW_FINISH, 2, EscrowFinish,
 
 /** This transaction type adjusts various account settings. */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/SetAccount.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/SetAccount.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttACCOUNT_SET, 3, AccountSet,
     Delegation::notDelegable,
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttACCOUNT_SET, 3, AccountSet,
 
 /** This transaction type cancels an existing escrow. */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Escrow.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/Escrow.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttESCROW_CANCEL, 4, EscrowCancel,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttESCROW_CANCEL, 4, EscrowCancel,
 
 /** This transaction type sets or clears an account's "regular key". */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/SetRegularKey.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/SetRegularKey.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttREGULAR_KEY_SET, 5, SetRegularKey,
     Delegation::notDelegable,
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttREGULAR_KEY_SET, 5, SetRegularKey,
 
 /** This transaction type creates an offer to trade one asset for another. */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/CreateOffer.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/Offer/CreateOffer.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttOFFER_CREATE, 7, OfferCreate,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttOFFER_CREATE, 7, OfferCreate,
 
 /** This transaction type cancels existing offers to trade one asset for another. */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/CancelOffer.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/Offer/CancelOffer.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttOFFER_CANCEL, 8, OfferCancel,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttOFFER_CANCEL, 8, OfferCancel,
 
 /** This transaction type creates a new set of tickets. */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/CreateTicket.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/CreateTicket.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttTICKET_CREATE, 10, TicketCreate,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttTICKET_CREATE, 10, TicketCreate,
 // The SignerEntries are optional because a SignerList is deleted by
 // setting the SignerQuorum to zero and omitting SignerEntries.
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/SetSignerList.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/SetSignerList.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttSIGNER_LIST_SET, 12, SignerListSet,
     Delegation::notDelegable,
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttSIGNER_LIST_SET, 12, SignerListSet,
 
 /** This transaction type creates a new unidirectional XRP payment channel. */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/PayChan.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/PayChan.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttPAYCHAN_CREATE, 13, PaymentChannelCreate,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttPAYCHAN_CLAIM, 15, PaymentChannelClaim,
 
 /** This transaction type creates a new check. */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/CreateCheck.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/Check/CreateCheck.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttCHECK_CREATE, 16, CheckCreate,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttCHECK_CREATE, 16, CheckCreate,
 
 /** This transaction type cashes an existing check. */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/CashCheck.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/Check/CashCheck.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttCHECK_CASH, 17, CheckCash,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttCHECK_CASH, 17, CheckCash,
 
 /** This transaction type cancels an existing check. */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/CancelCheck.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/Check/CancelCheck.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttCHECK_CANCEL, 18, CheckCancel,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -264,7 +264,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttCHECK_CANCEL, 18, CheckCancel,
 
 /** This transaction type grants or revokes authorization to transfer funds. */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/DepositPreauth.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/DepositPreauth.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttDEPOSIT_PREAUTH, 19, DepositPreauth,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttDEPOSIT_PREAUTH, 19, DepositPreauth,
 
 /** This transaction type modifies a trustline between two accounts. */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/SetTrust.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/SetTrust.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttTRUST_SET, 20, TrustSet,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttTRUST_SET, 20, TrustSet,
 
 /** This transaction type deletes an existing account. */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/DeleteAccount.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/DeleteAccount.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttACCOUNT_DELETE, 21, AccountDelete,
     Delegation::notDelegable,
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttACCOUNT_DELETE, 21, AccountDelete,
 
 /** This transaction mints a new NFT. */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/NFTokenMint.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/NFT/NFTokenMint.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttNFTOKEN_MINT, 25, NFTokenMint,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttNFTOKEN_MINT, 25, NFTokenMint,
 
 /** This transaction burns (i.e. destroys) an existing NFT. */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/NFTokenBurn.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/NFT/NFTokenBurn.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttNFTOKEN_BURN, 26, NFTokenBurn,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttNFTOKEN_BURN, 26, NFTokenBurn,
 
 /** This transaction creates a new offer to buy or sell an NFT. */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/NFTokenCreateOffer.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/NFT/NFTokenCreateOffer.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttNFTOKEN_CREATE_OFFER, 27, NFTokenCreateOffer,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttNFTOKEN_CREATE_OFFER, 27, NFTokenCreateOffer,
 
 /** This transaction cancels an existing offer to buy or sell an existing NFT. */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/NFTokenCancelOffer.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/NFT/NFTokenCancelOffer.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttNFTOKEN_CANCEL_OFFER, 28, NFTokenCancelOffer,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -368,7 +368,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttNFTOKEN_CANCEL_OFFER, 28, NFTokenCancelOffer,
 
 /** This transaction accepts an existing offer to buy or sell an existing  NFT. */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/NFTokenAcceptOffer.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/NFT/NFTokenAcceptOffer.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttNFTOKEN_ACCEPT_OFFER, 29, NFTokenAcceptOffer,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -382,7 +382,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttNFTOKEN_ACCEPT_OFFER, 29, NFTokenAcceptOffer,
 
 /** This transaction claws back issued tokens. */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Clawback.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/Clawback.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttCLAWBACK, 30, Clawback,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -395,7 +395,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttCLAWBACK, 30, Clawback,
 
 /** This transaction claws back tokens from an AMM pool. */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/AMMClawback.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/AMM/AMMClawback.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttAMM_CLAWBACK, 31, AMMClawback,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -410,7 +410,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttAMM_CLAWBACK, 31, AMMClawback,
 
 /** This transaction type creates an AMM instance */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/AMMCreate.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/AMM/AMMCreate.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttAMM_CREATE, 35, AMMCreate,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -424,7 +424,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttAMM_CREATE, 35, AMMCreate,
 
 /** This transaction type deposits into an AMM instance */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/AMMDeposit.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/AMM/AMMDeposit.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttAMM_DEPOSIT, 36, AMMDeposit,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -442,7 +442,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttAMM_DEPOSIT, 36, AMMDeposit,
 
 /** This transaction type withdraws from an AMM instance */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/AMMWithdraw.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/AMM/AMMWithdraw.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttAMM_WITHDRAW, 37, AMMWithdraw,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -459,7 +459,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttAMM_WITHDRAW, 37, AMMWithdraw,
 
 /** This transaction type votes for the trading fee */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/AMMVote.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/AMM/AMMVote.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttAMM_VOTE, 38, AMMVote,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -473,7 +473,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttAMM_VOTE, 38, AMMVote,
 
 /** This transaction type bids for the auction slot */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/AMMBid.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/AMM/AMMBid.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttAMM_BID, 39, AMMBid,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -489,7 +489,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttAMM_BID, 39, AMMBid,
 
 /** This transaction type deletes AMM in the empty state */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/AMMDelete.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/AMM/AMMDelete.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttAMM_DELETE, 40, AMMDelete,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -502,7 +502,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttAMM_DELETE, 40, AMMDelete,
 
 /** This transactions creates a crosschain sequence number */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/XChainBridge.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/XChainBridge.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttXCHAIN_CREATE_CLAIM_ID, 41, XChainCreateClaimID,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -617,7 +617,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttXCHAIN_CREATE_BRIDGE, 48, XChainCreateBridge,
 
 /** This transaction type creates or updates a DID */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/DID.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/DID.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttDID_SET, 49, DIDSet,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -638,7 +638,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttDID_DELETE, 50, DIDDelete,
 
 /** This transaction type creates an Oracle instance */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/SetOracle.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/SetOracle.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttORACLE_SET, 51, OracleSet,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -655,7 +655,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttORACLE_SET, 51, OracleSet,
 
 /** This transaction type deletes an Oracle instance */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/DeleteOracle.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/DeleteOracle.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttORACLE_DELETE, 52, OracleDelete,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -667,7 +667,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttORACLE_DELETE, 52, OracleDelete,
 
 /** This transaction type fixes a problem in the ledger state */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/LedgerStateFix.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/LedgerStateFix.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttLEDGER_STATE_FIX, 53, LedgerStateFix,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -680,7 +680,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttLEDGER_STATE_FIX, 53, LedgerStateFix,
 
 /** This transaction type creates a MPTokensIssuance instance */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/MPTokenIssuanceCreate.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/MPT/MPTokenIssuanceCreate.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttMPTOKEN_ISSUANCE_CREATE, 54, MPTokenIssuanceCreate,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -697,7 +697,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttMPTOKEN_ISSUANCE_CREATE, 54, MPTokenIssuanceCreate,
 
 /** This transaction type destroys a MPTokensIssuance instance */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/MPTokenIssuanceDestroy.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/MPT/MPTokenIssuanceDestroy.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttMPTOKEN_ISSUANCE_DESTROY, 55, MPTokenIssuanceDestroy,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -709,7 +709,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttMPTOKEN_ISSUANCE_DESTROY, 55, MPTokenIssuanceDestroy,
 
 /** This transaction type sets flags on a MPTokensIssuance or MPToken instance */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/MPTokenIssuanceSet.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/MPT/MPTokenIssuanceSet.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttMPTOKEN_ISSUANCE_SET, 56, MPTokenIssuanceSet,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -726,7 +726,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttMPTOKEN_ISSUANCE_SET, 56, MPTokenIssuanceSet,
 
 /** This transaction type authorizes a MPToken instance */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/MPTokenAuthorize.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/MPT/MPTokenAuthorize.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttMPTOKEN_AUTHORIZE, 57, MPTokenAuthorize,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -739,7 +739,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttMPTOKEN_AUTHORIZE, 57, MPTokenAuthorize,
 
 /** This transaction type create an Credential instance */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Credentials.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/Credentials.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttCREDENTIAL_CREATE, 58, CredentialCreate,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -775,7 +775,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttCREDENTIAL_DELETE, 60, CredentialDelete,
 
 /** This transaction type modify a NFToken */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/NFTokenModify.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/NFT/NFTokenModify.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttNFTOKEN_MODIFY, 61, NFTokenModify,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -789,7 +789,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttNFTOKEN_MODIFY, 61, NFTokenModify,
 
 /** This transaction type creates or modifies a Permissioned Domain */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/PermissionedDomainSet.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/PermissionedDomain/PermissionedDomainSet.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttPERMISSIONED_DOMAIN_SET, 62, PermissionedDomainSet,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -802,7 +802,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttPERMISSIONED_DOMAIN_SET, 62, PermissionedDomainSet,
 
 /** This transaction type deletes a Permissioned Domain */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/PermissionedDomainDelete.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/PermissionedDomain/PermissionedDomainDelete.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttPERMISSIONED_DOMAIN_DELETE, 63, PermissionedDomainDelete,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -814,7 +814,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttPERMISSIONED_DOMAIN_DELETE, 63, PermissionedDomainDelete,
 
 /** This transaction type delegates authorized account specified permissions */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/DelegateSet.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/Delegate/DelegateSet.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttDELEGATE_SET, 64, DelegateSet,
     Delegation::notDelegable,
@@ -827,7 +827,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttDELEGATE_SET, 64, DelegateSet,
 
 /** This transaction creates a single asset vault. */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/VaultCreate.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/Vault/VaultCreate.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttVAULT_CREATE, 65, VaultCreate,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -845,7 +845,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttVAULT_CREATE, 65, VaultCreate,
 
 /** This transaction updates a single asset vault. */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/VaultSet.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/Vault/VaultSet.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttVAULT_SET, 66, VaultSet,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -860,7 +860,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttVAULT_SET, 66, VaultSet,
 
 /** This transaction deletes a single asset vault. */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/VaultDelete.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/Vault/VaultDelete.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttVAULT_DELETE, 67, VaultDelete,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -872,7 +872,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttVAULT_DELETE, 67, VaultDelete,
 
 /** This transaction trades assets for shares with a vault. */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/VaultDeposit.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/Vault/VaultDeposit.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttVAULT_DEPOSIT, 68, VaultDeposit,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -885,7 +885,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttVAULT_DEPOSIT, 68, VaultDeposit,
 
 /** This transaction trades shares for assets with a vault. */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/VaultWithdraw.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/Vault/VaultWithdraw.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttVAULT_WITHDRAW, 69, VaultWithdraw,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -900,7 +900,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttVAULT_WITHDRAW, 69, VaultWithdraw,
 
 /** This transaction claws back tokens from a vault. */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/VaultClawback.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/Vault/VaultClawback.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttVAULT_CLAWBACK, 70, VaultClawback,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -914,7 +914,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttVAULT_CLAWBACK, 70, VaultClawback,
 
 /** This transaction type batches together transactions. */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Batch.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/Batch.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttBATCH, 71, Batch,
     Delegation::notDelegable,
@@ -929,7 +929,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttBATCH, 71, Batch,
 
 /** This transaction creates and updates a Loan Broker */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/LoanBrokerSet.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/Lending/LoanBrokerSet.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttLOAN_BROKER_SET, 74, LoanBrokerSet,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -946,7 +946,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttLOAN_BROKER_SET, 74, LoanBrokerSet,
 
 /** This transaction deletes a Loan Broker */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/LoanBrokerDelete.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/Lending/LoanBrokerDelete.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttLOAN_BROKER_DELETE, 75, LoanBrokerDelete,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -957,7 +957,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttLOAN_BROKER_DELETE, 75, LoanBrokerDelete,
 
 /** This transaction deposits First Loss Capital into a Loan Broker */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/LoanBrokerCoverDeposit.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/Lending/LoanBrokerCoverDeposit.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttLOAN_BROKER_COVER_DEPOSIT, 76, LoanBrokerCoverDeposit,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -969,7 +969,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttLOAN_BROKER_COVER_DEPOSIT, 76, LoanBrokerCoverDeposit,
 
 /** This transaction withdraws First Loss Capital from a Loan Broker */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/LoanBrokerCoverWithdraw.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/Lending/LoanBrokerCoverWithdraw.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttLOAN_BROKER_COVER_WITHDRAW, 77, LoanBrokerCoverWithdraw,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -984,7 +984,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttLOAN_BROKER_COVER_WITHDRAW, 77, LoanBrokerCoverWithdraw,
 /** This transaction claws back First Loss Capital from a Loan Broker to
     the issuer of the capital */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/LoanBrokerCoverClawback.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/Lending/LoanBrokerCoverClawback.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttLOAN_BROKER_COVER_CLAWBACK, 78, LoanBrokerCoverClawback,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -996,7 +996,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttLOAN_BROKER_COVER_CLAWBACK, 78, LoanBrokerCoverClawback,
 
 /** This transaction creates a Loan */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/LoanSet.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/Lending/LoanSet.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttLOAN_SET, 80, LoanSet,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -1023,7 +1023,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttLOAN_SET, 80, LoanSet,
 
 /** This transaction deletes an existing Loan */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/LoanDelete.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/Lending/LoanDelete.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttLOAN_DELETE, 81, LoanDelete,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -1034,7 +1034,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttLOAN_DELETE, 81, LoanDelete,
 
 /** This transaction is used to change the delinquency status of an existing Loan */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/LoanManage.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/Lending/LoanManage.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttLOAN_MANAGE, 82, LoanManage,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -1048,7 +1048,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttLOAN_MANAGE, 82, LoanManage,
 
 /** The Borrower uses this transaction to make a Payment on the Loan. */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/LoanPay.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/Lending/LoanPay.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttLOAN_PAY, 84, LoanPay,
     Delegation::delegable,
@@ -1063,7 +1063,7 @@ TRANSACTION(ttLOAN_PAY, 84, LoanPay,
     For details, see: https://xrpl.org/amendments.html
  */
 #if TRANSACTION_INCLUDE
-#   include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Change.h>
+#   include <xrpl/tx/transactors/Change.h>
 #endif
 TRANSACTION(ttAMENDMENT, 100, EnableAmendment,
     Delegation::notDelegable,

include/xrpl/tx/InvariantCheck.h

@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@
 #include <xrpl/protocol/STTx.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/TER.h>
 
-#include <cstdint>
 #include <tuple>
 #include <unordered_set>
 
@@ -664,11 +663,19 @@ class ValidVault
         Shares static make(SLE const&);
     };
 
+public:
+    struct DeltaInfo final
+    {
+        Number delta = numZero;
+        std::optional<int> scale;
+    };
+
+private:
     std::vector<Vault> afterVault_ = {};
     std::vector<Shares> afterMPTs_ = {};
     std::vector<Vault> beforeVault_ = {};
     std::vector<Shares> beforeMPTs_ = {};
-    std::unordered_map<uint256, Number> deltas_ = {};
+    std::unordered_map<uint256, DeltaInfo> deltas_ = {};
 
 public:
     void
@@ -676,6 +683,10 @@ public:
 
     bool
     finalize(STTx const&, TER const, XRPAmount const, ReadView const&, beast::Journal const&);
+
+    // Compute the coarsest scale required to represent all numbers
+    [[nodiscard]] static std::int32_t
+    computeMinScale(Asset const& asset, std::vector<DeltaInfo> const& numbers);
 };
 
 // additional invariant checks can be declared above and then added to this

include/xrpl/tx/SignerEntries.h

@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>  // NotTEC
-
 #include <xrpl/basics/Expected.h>        //
 #include <xrpl/beast/utility/Journal.h>  // beast::Journal
 #include <xrpl/protocol/TER.h>           // temMALFORMED
 #include <xrpl/protocol/UintTypes.h>     // AccountID
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>          // NotTEC
 
 #include <optional>
 #include <string_view>

include/xrpl/tx/Transactor.h

@@ -1,12 +1,11 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/applySteps.h>
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/ApplyContext.h>
-
 #include <xrpl/beast/utility/Journal.h>
 #include <xrpl/beast/utility/WrappedSink.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Permissions.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/XRPAmount.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/ApplyContext.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/applySteps.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/apply.h

@@ -1,11 +1,9 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/applySteps.h>
-#include <xrpld/core/Config.h>
-
 #include <xrpl/beast/utility/Journal.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/View.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/STTx.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/applySteps.h>
 
 #include <utility>
 

include/xrpl/tx/paths/Flow.h

@@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/paths/RippleCalc.h>
-#include <xrpld/app/paths/detail/Steps.h>
-
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Quality.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/paths/RippleCalc.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/paths/detail/Steps.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/paths/OfferStream.h

@@ -1,12 +1,11 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/BookTip.h>
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Offer.h>
-
 #include <xrpl/basics/Log.h>
 #include <xrpl/basics/chrono.h>
 #include <xrpl/beast/utility/Journal.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/View.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/paths/BookTip.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/paths/Offer.h>
 
 #include <boost/container/flat_set.hpp>
 

include/xrpl/tx/paths/detail/FlowDebugInfo.h

@@ -1,10 +1,9 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/paths/detail/AmountSpec.h>
-
 #include <xrpl/ledger/PaymentSandbox.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/IOUAmount.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/XRPAmount.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/paths/detail/AmountSpec.h>
 
 #include <boost/container/flat_map.hpp>
 

include/xrpl/tx/paths/detail/Steps.h

@@ -1,13 +1,12 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/paths/detail/AmountSpec.h>
-
 #include <xrpl/basics/Log.h>
 #include <xrpl/basics/base_uint.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Quality.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/QualityFunction.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/STLedgerEntry.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/TER.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/paths/detail/AmountSpec.h>
 
 #include <boost/container/flat_set.hpp>
 

include/xrpl/tx/paths/detail/StrandFlow.h

@@ -1,18 +1,17 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/misc/AMMHelpers.h>
-#include <xrpld/app/paths/AMMContext.h>
-#include <xrpld/app/paths/Flow.h>
-#include <xrpld/app/paths/detail/AmountSpec.h>
-#include <xrpld/app/paths/detail/FlatSets.h>
-#include <xrpld/app/paths/detail/FlowDebugInfo.h>
-#include <xrpld/app/paths/detail/Steps.h>
-
 #include <xrpl/basics/Log.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/Credit.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Feature.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/IOUAmount.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/XRPAmount.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/paths/Flow.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/paths/detail/AmountSpec.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/paths/detail/FlatSets.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/paths/detail/FlowDebugInfo.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/paths/detail/Steps.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/transactors/AMM/AMMContext.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/transactors/AMM/AMMHelpers.h>
 
 #include <boost/container/flat_set.hpp>
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/AMM/AMMBid.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/AMM/AMMClawback.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 class Sandbox;

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/AMM/AMMCreate.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/AMM/AMMDelete.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/AMM/AMMDeposit.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/AMM/AMMVote.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/AMM/AMMWithdraw.h

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
-
 #include <xrpl/ledger/View.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/Batch.h

@@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
-
 #include <xrpl/basics/Log.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Indexes.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/Change.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/Check/CancelCheck.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/Check/CashCheck.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/Check/CreateCheck.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/Clawback.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/CreateTicket.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/Credentials.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/DID.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/Delegate/DelegateSet.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/DeleteAccount.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/DeleteOracle.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/DepositPreauth.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/Escrow.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/LedgerStateFix.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/Lending/LendingHelpers.h

@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ getAssetsTotalScale(SLE::const_ref vaultSle)
 {
     if (!vaultSle)
         return Number::minExponent - 1;  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-    return STAmount{vaultSle->at(sfAsset), vaultSle->at(sfAssetsTotal)}.exponent();
+    return numberScale(vaultSle->at(sfAssetsTotal), vaultSle->at(sfAsset));
 }
 
 TER

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/Lending/LoanBrokerCoverClawback.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/Lending/LoanBrokerCoverDeposit.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/Lending/LoanBrokerCoverWithdraw.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/Lending/LoanBrokerDelete.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/Lending/LoanBrokerSet.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/Lending/LoanDelete.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/Lending/LoanManage.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/Lending/LoanPay.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/Lending/LoanSet.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/misc/LendingHelpers.h>
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/transactors/Lending/LendingHelpers.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/MPT/MPTokenAuthorize.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/MPT/MPTokenIssuanceCreate.h

@@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
-
 #include <xrpl/basics/Expected.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/UintTypes.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/MPT/MPTokenIssuanceDestroy.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/MPT/MPTokenIssuanceSet.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/NFT/NFTokenAcceptOffer.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/NFT/NFTokenBurn.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/NFT/NFTokenCancelOffer.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/NFT/NFTokenCreateOffer.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/NFT/NFTokenMint.h

@@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/NFTokenUtils.h>
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
-
 #include <xrpl/protocol/nft.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/transactors/NFT/NFTokenUtils.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/NFT/NFTokenModify.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/NFT/NFTokenUtils.h

@@ -1,12 +1,11 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
-
 #include <xrpl/basics/base_uint.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/ApplyView.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/AccountID.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/TER.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/nft.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/Offer/CancelOffer.h

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
-
 #include <xrpl/protocol/TxFlags.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/Offer/CreateOffer.h

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
-
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Quality.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/PayChan.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/Payment.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/PermissionedDomain/PermissionedDomainDelete.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/PermissionedDomain/PermissionedDomainSet.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/SetAccount.h

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
-
 #include <xrpl/protocol/TxFlags.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/SetOracle.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/SetRegularKey.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/SetSignerList.h

@@ -1,10 +1,9 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/SignerEntries.h>
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
-
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Rules.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/STTx.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/SignerEntries.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 #include <cstdint>
 #include <vector>

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/SetTrust.h

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
-
 #include <xrpl/protocol/TxFlags.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/Vault/VaultClawback.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/Vault/VaultCreate.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/Vault/VaultDelete.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/Vault/VaultDeposit.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/Vault/VaultSet.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/Vault/VaultWithdraw.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

include/xrpl/tx/transactors/XChainBridge.h

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/Transactor.h>
-
 #include <xrpl/protocol/XChainAttestations.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/Transactor.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

src/libxrpl/protocol/Protocol.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#include <xrpl/protocol/Protocol.h>
+
+namespace xrpl {
+bool
+isVotingLedger(LedgerIndex seq)
+{
+    return seq % FLAG_LEDGER_INTERVAL == 0;
+}
+
+bool
+isFlagLedger(LedgerIndex seq)
+{
+    return seq % FLAG_LEDGER_INTERVAL == 0;
+}
+}  // namespace xrpl

src/libxrpl/server/LoadFeeTrack.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
-#include <xrpld/app/misc/LoadFeeTrack.h>
-
 #include <xrpl/basics/Log.h>
 #include <xrpl/basics/contract.h>
 #include <xrpl/basics/safe_cast.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/Units.h>
+#include <xrpl/server/LoadFeeTrack.h>
 
 #include <cstdint>
 

src/libxrpl/tx/ApplyContext.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/ApplyContext.h>
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/InvariantCheck.h>
-
 #include <xrpl/basics/Log.h>
 #include <xrpl/beast/utility/instrumentation.h>
 #include <xrpl/json/to_string.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/ApplyContext.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/InvariantCheck.h>
 
 namespace xrpl {
 

src/libxrpl/tx/InvariantCheck.cpp

@@ -1,9 +1,3 @@
-#include <xrpld/app/misc/AMMHelpers.h>
-#include <xrpld/app/misc/AMMUtils.h>
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/InvariantCheck.h>
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/NFTokenUtils.h>
-#include <xrpld/app/tx/detail/PermissionedDomainSet.h>
-
 #include <xrpl/basics/Log.h>
 #include <xrpl/beast/utility/instrumentation.h>
 #include <xrpl/ledger/CredentialHelpers.h>
@@ -19,10 +13,16 @@
 #include <xrpl/protocol/SystemParameters.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/TER.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/TxFormats.h>
-#include <xrpl/protocol/Units.h>
 #include <xrpl/protocol/nftPageMask.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/InvariantCheck.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/transactors/AMM/AMMHelpers.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/transactors/AMM/AMMUtils.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/transactors/NFT/NFTokenUtils.h>
+#include <xrpl/tx/transactors/PermissionedDomain/PermissionedDomainSet.h>
 
-#include <cstdint>
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <initializer_list>
 #include <optional>
 
 namespace xrpl {
@@ -2466,8 +2466,13 @@ ValidVault::visitEntry(bool isDelete, std::shared_ptr<SLE const> const& before,
     // Number balanceDelta will capture the difference (delta) between "before"
     // state (zero if created) and "after" state (zero if destroyed), so the
     // invariants can validate that the change in account balances matches the
-    // change in vault balances, stored to deltas_ at the end of this function.
-    Number balanceDelta{};
+    // balanceDelta captures the difference (delta) between "before"
+    // state (zero if created) and "after" state (zero if destroyed), and
+    // preserves value scale (exponent) to round values to the same scale during
+    // validation. It is used to validate that the change in account
+    // balances matches the change in vault balances, stored to deltas_ at the
+    // end of this function.
+    DeltaInfo balanceDelta{numZero, std::nullopt};
 
     std::int8_t sign = 0;
     if (before)
@@ -2481,18 +2486,33 @@ ValidVault::visitEntry(bool isDelete, std::shared_ptr<SLE const> const& before,
                 // At this moment we have no way of telling if this object holds
                 // vault shares or something else. Save it for finalize.
                 beforeMPTs_.push_back(Shares::make(*before));
-                balanceDelta = static_cast<std::int64_t>(before->getFieldU64(sfOutstandingAmount));
+                balanceDelta.delta = static_cast<std::int64_t>(before->getFieldU64(sfOutstandingAmount));
+                // MPTs are ints, so the scale is always 0.
+                balanceDelta.scale = 0;
                 sign = 1;
                 break;
             case ltMPTOKEN:
-                balanceDelta = static_cast<std::int64_t>(before->getFieldU64(sfMPTAmount));
+                balanceDelta.delta = static_cast<std::int64_t>(before->getFieldU64(sfMPTAmount));
+                // MPTs are ints, so the scale is always 0.
+                balanceDelta.scale = 0;
                 sign = -1;
                 break;
             case ltACCOUNT_ROOT:
-            case ltRIPPLE_STATE:
-                balanceDelta = before->getFieldAmount(sfBalance);
+                balanceDelta.delta = before->getFieldAmount(sfBalance);
+                // Account balance is XRP, which is an int, so the scale is
+                // always 0.
+                balanceDelta.scale = 0;
                 sign = -1;
                 break;
+            case ltRIPPLE_STATE: {
+                auto const amount = before->getFieldAmount(sfBalance);
+                balanceDelta.delta = amount;
+                // Trust Line balances are STAmounts, so we can use the exponent
+                // directly to get the scale.
+                balanceDelta.scale = amount.exponent();
+                sign = -1;
+                break;
+            }
             default:;
         }
     }
@@ -2508,18 +2528,34 @@ ValidVault::visitEntry(bool isDelete, std::shared_ptr<SLE const> const& before,
                 // At this moment we have no way of telling if this object holds
                 // vault shares or something else. Save it for finalize.
                 afterMPTs_.push_back(Shares::make(*after));
-                balanceDelta -= Number(static_cast<std::int64_t>(after->getFieldU64(sfOutstandingAmount)));
+                balanceDelta.delta -= Number(static_cast<std::int64_t>(after->getFieldU64(sfOutstandingAmount)));
+                // MPTs are ints, so the scale is always 0.
+                balanceDelta.scale = 0;
                 sign = 1;
                 break;
             case ltMPTOKEN:
-                balanceDelta -= Number(static_cast<std::int64_t>(after->getFieldU64(sfMPTAmount)));
+                balanceDelta.delta -= Number(static_cast<std::int64_t>(after->getFieldU64(sfMPTAmount)));
+                // MPTs are ints, so the scale is always 0.
+                balanceDelta.scale = 0;
                 sign = -1;
                 break;
             case ltACCOUNT_ROOT:
-            case ltRIPPLE_STATE:
-                balanceDelta -= Number(after->getFieldAmount(sfBalance));
+                balanceDelta.delta -= Number(after->getFieldAmount(sfBalance));
+                // Account balance is XRP, which is an int, so the scale is
+                // always 0.
+                balanceDelta.scale = 0;
                 sign = -1;
                 break;
+            case ltRIPPLE_STATE: {
+                auto const amount = after->getFieldAmount(sfBalance);
+                balanceDelta.delta -= Number(amount);
+                // Trust Line balances are STAmounts, so we can use the exponent
+                // directly to get the scale.
+                if (amount.exponent() > balanceDelta.scale)
+                    balanceDelta.scale = amount.exponent();
+                sign = -1;
+                break;
+            }
             default:;
         }
     }
@@ -2531,7 +2567,11 @@ ValidVault::visitEntry(bool isDelete, std::shared_ptr<SLE const> const& before,
     // transferred to the account. We intentionally do not compare balanceDelta
     // against zero, to avoid missing such updates.
     if (sign != 0)
-        deltas_[key] = balanceDelta * sign;
+    {
+        XRPL_ASSERT_PARTS(balanceDelta.scale, "xrpl::ValidVault::visitEntry", "scale initialized");
+        balanceDelta.delta *= sign;
+        deltas_[key] = balanceDelta;
+    }
 }
 
 bool
@@ -2787,13 +2827,13 @@ ValidVault::finalize(STTx const& tx, TER const ret, XRPAmount const fee, ReadVie
     }
 
     auto const& vaultAsset = afterVault.asset;
-    auto const deltaAssets = [&](AccountID const& id) -> std::optional<Number> {
+    auto const deltaAssets = [&](AccountID const& id) -> std::optional<DeltaInfo> {
         auto const get =  //
-            [&](auto const& it, std::int8_t sign = 1) -> std::optional<Number> {
+            [&](auto const& it, std::int8_t sign = 1) -> std::optional<DeltaInfo> {
             if (it == deltas_.end())
                 return std::nullopt;
 
-            return it->second * sign;
+            return DeltaInfo{it->second.delta * sign, it->second.scale};
         };
 
         return std::visit(
@@ -2811,7 +2851,7 @@ ValidVault::finalize(STTx const& tx, TER const ret, XRPAmount const fee, ReadVie
             },
             vaultAsset.value());
     };
-    auto const deltaAssetsTxAccount = [&]() -> std::optional<Number> {
+    auto const deltaAssetsTxAccount = [&]() -> std::optional<DeltaInfo> {
         auto ret = deltaAssets(tx[sfAccount]);
         // Nothing returned or not XRP transaction
         if (!ret.has_value() || !vaultAsset.native())
@@ -2821,20 +2861,20 @@ ValidVault::finalize(STTx const& tx, TER const ret, XRPAmount const fee, ReadVie
         if (auto const delegate = tx[~sfDelegate]; delegate.has_value() && *delegate != tx[sfAccount])
             return ret;
 
-        *ret += fee.drops();
-        if (*ret == zero)
+        ret->delta += fee.drops();
+        if (ret->delta == zero)
             return std::nullopt;
 
         return ret;
     };
-    auto const deltaShares = [&](AccountID const& id) -> std::optional<Number> {
+    auto const deltaShares = [&](AccountID const& id) -> std::optional<DeltaInfo> {
         auto const it = [&]() {
             if (id == afterVault.pseudoId)
                 return deltas_.find(keylet::mptIssuance(afterVault.shareMPTID).key);
             return deltas_.find(keylet::mptoken(afterVault.shareMPTID, id).key);
         }();
 
-        return it != deltas_.end() ? std::optional<Number>(it->second) : std::nullopt;
+        return it != deltas_.end() ? std::optional<DeltaInfo>(it->second) : std::nullopt;
     };
 
     auto const vaultHoldsNoAssets = [&](Vault const& vault) {
@@ -2956,16 +2996,37 @@ ValidVault::finalize(STTx const& tx, TER const ret, XRPAmount const fee, ReadVie
                     XRPL_ASSERT(!beforeVault_.empty(), "xrpl::ValidVault::finalize : deposit updated a vault");
                     auto const& beforeVault = beforeVault_[0];
 
-                    auto const vaultDeltaAssets = deltaAssets(afterVault.pseudoId);
-
-                    if (!vaultDeltaAssets)
+                    auto const maybeVaultDeltaAssets = deltaAssets(afterVault.pseudoId);
+                    if (!maybeVaultDeltaAssets)
                     {
                         JLOG(j.fatal()) <<  //
                             "Invariant failed: deposit must change vault balance";
                         return false;  // That's all we can do
                     }
 
-                    if (*vaultDeltaAssets > tx[sfAmount])
+                    // Get the coarsest scale to round calculations to
+                    DeltaInfo totalDelta{
+                        afterVault.assetsTotal - beforeVault.assetsTotal,
+                        std::max(
+                            numberScale(afterVault.assetsTotal, vaultAsset),
+                            numberScale(beforeVault.assetsTotal, vaultAsset))};
+                    DeltaInfo availableDelta{
+                        afterVault.assetsAvailable - beforeVault.assetsAvailable,
+                        std::max(
+                            numberScale(afterVault.assetsAvailable, vaultAsset),
+                            numberScale(beforeVault.assetsAvailable, vaultAsset))};
+                    auto const minScale = computeMinScale(
+                        vaultAsset,
+                        {
+                            *maybeVaultDeltaAssets,
+                            totalDelta,
+                            availableDelta,
+                        });
+
+                    auto const vaultDeltaAssets = roundToAsset(vaultAsset, maybeVaultDeltaAssets->delta, minScale);
+                    auto const txAmount = roundToAsset(vaultAsset, tx[sfAmount], minScale);
+
+                    if (vaultDeltaAssets > txAmount)
                     {
                         JLOG(j.fatal()) <<  //
                             "Invariant failed: deposit must not change vault "
@@ -2973,7 +3034,7 @@ ValidVault::finalize(STTx const& tx, TER const ret, XRPAmount const fee, ReadVie
                         result = false;
                     }
 
-                    if (*vaultDeltaAssets <= zero)
+                    if (vaultDeltaAssets <= zero)
                     {
                         JLOG(j.fatal()) <<  //
                             "Invariant failed: deposit must increase vault balance";
@@ -2990,16 +3051,22 @@ ValidVault::finalize(STTx const& tx, TER const ret, XRPAmount const fee, ReadVie
 
                     if (!issuerDeposit)
                     {
-                        auto const accountDeltaAssets = deltaAssetsTxAccount();
-                        if (!accountDeltaAssets)
+                        auto const maybeAccDeltaAssets = deltaAssetsTxAccount();
+                        if (!maybeAccDeltaAssets)
                         {
                             JLOG(j.fatal()) <<  //
                                 "Invariant failed: deposit must change depositor "
                                 "balance";
                             return false;
                         }
+                        auto const localMinScale =
+                            std::max(minScale, computeMinScale(vaultAsset, {*maybeAccDeltaAssets}));
 
-                        if (*accountDeltaAssets >= zero)
+                        auto const accountDeltaAssets =
+                            roundToAsset(vaultAsset, maybeAccDeltaAssets->delta, localMinScale);
+                        auto const localVaultDeltaAssets = roundToAsset(vaultAsset, vaultDeltaAssets, localMinScale);
+
+                        if (accountDeltaAssets >= zero)
                         {
                             JLOG(j.fatal()) <<  //
                                 "Invariant failed: deposit must decrease depositor "
@@ -3007,7 +3074,7 @@ ValidVault::finalize(STTx const& tx, TER const ret, XRPAmount const fee, ReadVie
                             result = false;
                         }
 
-                        if (*accountDeltaAssets * -1 != *vaultDeltaAssets)
+                        if (localVaultDeltaAssets * -1 != accountDeltaAssets)
                         {
                             JLOG(j.fatal()) <<  //
                                 "Invariant failed: deposit must change vault and "
@@ -3024,16 +3091,17 @@ ValidVault::finalize(STTx const& tx, TER const ret, XRPAmount const fee, ReadVie
                         result = false;
                     }
 
-                    auto const accountDeltaShares = deltaShares(tx[sfAccount]);
-                    if (!accountDeltaShares)
+                    auto const maybeAccDeltaShares = deltaShares(tx[sfAccount]);
+                    if (!maybeAccDeltaShares)
                     {
                         JLOG(j.fatal()) <<  //
                             "Invariant failed: deposit must change depositor "
                             "shares";
                         return false;  // That's all we can do
                     }
-
-                    if (*accountDeltaShares <= zero)
+                    // We don't need to round shares, they are integral MPT
+                    auto const& accountDeltaShares = *maybeAccDeltaShares;
+                    if (accountDeltaShares.delta <= zero)
                     {
                         JLOG(j.fatal()) <<  //
                             "Invariant failed: deposit must increase depositor "
@@ -3041,15 +3109,17 @@ ValidVault::finalize(STTx const& tx, TER const ret, XRPAmount const fee, ReadVie
                         result = false;
                     }
 
-                    auto const vaultDeltaShares = deltaShares(afterVault.pseudoId);
-                    if (!vaultDeltaShares || *vaultDeltaShares == zero)
+                    auto const maybeVaultDeltaShares = deltaShares(afterVault.pseudoId);
+                    if (!maybeVaultDeltaShares || maybeVaultDeltaShares->delta == zero)
                     {
                         JLOG(j.fatal()) <<  //
                             "Invariant failed: deposit must change vault shares";
                         return false;  // That's all we can do
                     }
 
-                    if (*vaultDeltaShares * -1 != *accountDeltaShares)
+                    // We don't need to round shares, they are integral MPT
+                    auto const& vaultDeltaShares = *maybeVaultDeltaShares;
+                    if (vaultDeltaShares.delta * -1 != accountDeltaShares.delta)
                     {
                         JLOG(j.fatal()) <<  //
                             "Invariant failed: deposit must change depositor and "
@@ -3057,13 +3127,18 @@ ValidVault::finalize(STTx const& tx, TER const ret, XRPAmount const fee, ReadVie
                         result = false;
                     }
 
-                    if (beforeVault.assetsTotal + *vaultDeltaAssets != afterVault.assetsTotal)
+                    auto const assetTotalDelta =
+                        roundToAsset(vaultAsset, afterVault.assetsTotal - beforeVault.assetsTotal, minScale);
+                    if (assetTotalDelta != vaultDeltaAssets)
                     {
                         JLOG(j.fatal()) << "Invariant failed: deposit and assets "
                                            "outstanding must add up";
                         result = false;
                     }
-                    if (beforeVault.assetsAvailable + *vaultDeltaAssets != afterVault.assetsAvailable)
+
+                    auto const assetAvailableDelta =
+                        roundToAsset(vaultAsset, afterVault.assetsAvailable - beforeVault.assetsAvailable, minScale);
+                    if (assetAvailableDelta != vaultDeltaAssets)
                     {
                         JLOG(j.fatal()) << "Invariant failed: deposit and assets "
                                            "available must add up";
@@ -3081,22 +3156,38 @@ ValidVault::finalize(STTx const& tx, TER const ret, XRPAmount const fee, ReadVie
                         "vault");
                     auto const& beforeVault = beforeVault_[0];
 
-                    auto const vaultDeltaAssets = deltaAssets(afterVault.pseudoId);
+                    auto const maybeVaultDeltaAssets = deltaAssets(afterVault.pseudoId);
 
-                    if (!vaultDeltaAssets)
+                    if (!maybeVaultDeltaAssets)
                     {
                         JLOG(j.fatal()) << "Invariant failed: withdrawal must "
                                            "change vault balance";
                         return false;  // That's all we can do
                     }
 
-                    if (*vaultDeltaAssets >= zero)
+                    // Get the most coarse scale to round calculations to
+                    auto const totalDelta = DeltaInfo{
+                        afterVault.assetsTotal - beforeVault.assetsTotal,
+                        std::max(
+                            numberScale(afterVault.assetsTotal, vaultAsset),
+                            numberScale(beforeVault.assetsTotal, vaultAsset))};
+                    auto const availableDelta = DeltaInfo{
+                        afterVault.assetsAvailable - beforeVault.assetsAvailable,
+                        std::max(
+                            numberScale(afterVault.assetsAvailable, vaultAsset),
+                            numberScale(beforeVault.assetsAvailable, vaultAsset))};
+                    auto const minScale =
+                        computeMinScale(vaultAsset, {*maybeVaultDeltaAssets, totalDelta, availableDelta});
+
+                    auto const vaultPseudoDeltaAssets =
+                        roundToAsset(vaultAsset, maybeVaultDeltaAssets->delta, minScale);
+
+                    if (vaultPseudoDeltaAssets >= zero)
                     {
                         JLOG(j.fatal()) << "Invariant failed: withdrawal must "
                                            "decrease vault balance";
                         result = false;
                     }
-
                     // Any payments (including withdrawal) going to the issuer
                     // do not change their balance, but destroy funds instead.
                     bool const issuerWithdrawal = [&]() -> bool {
@@ -3108,15 +3199,15 @@ ValidVault::finalize(STTx const& tx, TER const ret, XRPAmount const fee, ReadVie
 
                     if (!issuerWithdrawal)
                     {
-                        auto const accountDeltaAssets = deltaAssetsTxAccount();
-                        auto const otherAccountDelta = [&]() -> std::optional<Number> {
+                        auto const maybeAccDelta = deltaAssetsTxAccount();
+                        auto const maybeOtherAccDelta = [&]() -> std::optional<DeltaInfo> {
                             if (auto const destination = tx[~sfDestination];
                                 destination && *destination != tx[sfAccount])
                                 return deltaAssets(*destination);
                             return std::nullopt;
                         }();
 
-                        if (accountDeltaAssets.has_value() == otherAccountDelta.has_value())
+                        if (maybeAccDelta.has_value() == maybeOtherAccDelta.has_value())
                         {
                             JLOG(j.fatal()) <<  //
                                 "Invariant failed: withdrawal must change one "
@@ -3125,9 +3216,16 @@ ValidVault::finalize(STTx const& tx, TER const ret, XRPAmount const fee, ReadVie
                         }
 
                         auto const destinationDelta =  //
-                            accountDeltaAssets ? *accountDeltaAssets : *otherAccountDelta;
+                            maybeAccDelta ? *maybeAccDelta : *maybeOtherAccDelta;
 
-                        if (destinationDelta <= zero)
+                        // the scale of destinationDelta can be coarser than
+                        // minScale, so we take that into account when rounding
+                        auto const localMinScale = std::max(minScale, computeMinScale(vaultAsset, {destinationDelta}));
+
+                        auto const roundedDestinationDelta =
+                            roundToAsset(vaultAsset, destinationDelta.delta, localMinScale);
+
+                        if (roundedDestinationDelta <= zero)
                         {
                             JLOG(j.fatal()) <<  //
                                 "Invariant failed: withdrawal must increase "
@@ -3135,7 +3233,9 @@ ValidVault::finalize(STTx const& tx, TER const ret, XRPAmount const fee, ReadVie
                             result = false;
                         }
 
-                        if (*vaultDeltaAssets * -1 != destinationDelta)
+                        auto const localPseudoDeltaAssets =
+                            roundToAsset(vaultAsset, vaultPseudoDeltaAssets, localMinScale);
+                        if (localPseudoDeltaAssets * -1 != roundedDestinationDelta)
                         {
                             JLOG(j.fatal()) <<  //
                                 "Invariant failed: withdrawal must change vault "
@@ -3143,7 +3243,7 @@ ValidVault::finalize(STTx const& tx, TER const ret, XRPAmount const fee, ReadVie
                             result = false;
                         }
                     }
-
+                    // We don't need to round shares, they are integral MPT
                     auto const accountDeltaShares = deltaShares(tx[sfAccount]);
                     if (!accountDeltaShares)
                     {
@@ -3153,23 +3253,23 @@ ValidVault::finalize(STTx const& tx, TER const ret, XRPAmount const fee, ReadVie
                         return false;
                     }
 
-                    if (*accountDeltaShares >= zero)
+                    if (accountDeltaShares->delta >= zero)
                     {
                         JLOG(j.fatal()) <<  //
                             "Invariant failed: withdrawal must decrease depositor "
                             "shares";
                         result = false;
                     }
-
+                    // We don't need to round shares, they are integral MPT
                     auto const vaultDeltaShares = deltaShares(afterVault.pseudoId);
-                    if (!vaultDeltaShares || *vaultDeltaShares == zero)
+                    if (!vaultDeltaShares || vaultDeltaShares->delta == zero)
                     {
                         JLOG(j.fatal()) <<  //
                             "Invariant failed: withdrawal must change vault shares";
                         return false;  // That's all we can do
                     }
 
-                    if (*vaultDeltaShares * -1 != *accountDeltaShares)
+                    if (vaultDeltaShares->delta * -1 != accountDeltaShares->delta)
                     {
                         JLOG(j.fatal()) <<  //
                             "Invariant failed: withdrawal must change depositor "
@@ -3177,15 +3277,20 @@ ValidVault::finalize(STTx const& tx, TER const ret, XRPAmount const fee, ReadVie
                         result = false;
                     }
 
+                    auto const assetTotalDelta =
+                        roundToAsset(vaultAsset, afterVault.assetsTotal - beforeVault.assetsTotal, minScale);
                     // Note, vaultBalance is negative (see check above)
-                    if (beforeVault.assetsTotal + *vaultDeltaAssets != afterVault.assetsTotal)
+                    if (assetTotalDelta != vaultPseudoDeltaAssets)
                     {
                         JLOG(j.fatal()) << "Invariant failed: withdrawal and "
                                            "assets outstanding must add up";
                         result = false;
                     }
 
-                    if (beforeVault.assetsAvailable + *vaultDeltaAssets != afterVault.assetsAvailable)
+                    auto const assetAvailableDelta =
+                        roundToAsset(vaultAsset, afterVault.assetsAvailable - beforeVault.assetsAvailable, minScale);
+
+                    if (assetAvailableDelta != vaultPseudoDeltaAssets)
                     {
                         JLOG(j.fatal()) << "Invariant failed: withdrawal and "
                                            "assets available must add up";
@@ -3215,10 +3320,23 @@ ValidVault::finalize(STTx const& tx, TER const ret, XRPAmount const fee, ReadVie
                         }
                     }
 
-                    auto const vaultDeltaAssets = deltaAssets(afterVault.pseudoId);
-                    if (vaultDeltaAssets)
+                    auto const maybeVaultDeltaAssets = deltaAssets(afterVault.pseudoId);
+                    if (maybeVaultDeltaAssets)
                     {
-                        if (*vaultDeltaAssets >= zero)
+                        auto const totalDelta = DeltaInfo{
+                            afterVault.assetsTotal - beforeVault.assetsTotal,
+                            std::max(
+                                numberScale(afterVault.assetsTotal, vaultAsset),
+                                numberScale(beforeVault.assetsTotal, vaultAsset))};
+                        auto const availableDelta = DeltaInfo{
+                            afterVault.assetsAvailable - beforeVault.assetsAvailable,
+                            std::max(
+                                numberScale(afterVault.assetsAvailable, vaultAsset),
+                                numberScale(beforeVault.assetsAvailable, vaultAsset))};
+                        auto const minScale =
+                            computeMinScale(vaultAsset, {*maybeVaultDeltaAssets, totalDelta, availableDelta});
+                        auto const vaultDeltaAssets = roundToAsset(vaultAsset, maybeVaultDeltaAssets->delta, minScale);
+                        if (vaultDeltaAssets >= zero)
                         {
                             JLOG(j.fatal()) <<  //
                                 "Invariant failed: clawback must decrease vault "
@@ -3226,7 +3344,9 @@ ValidVault::finalize(STTx const& tx, TER const ret, XRPAmount const fee, ReadVie
                             result = false;
                         }
 
-                        if (beforeVault.assetsTotal + *vaultDeltaAssets != afterVault.assetsTotal)
+                        auto const assetsTotalDelta =
+                            roundToAsset(vaultAsset, afterVault.assetsTotal - beforeVault.assetsTotal, minScale);
+                        if (assetsTotalDelta != vaultDeltaAssets)
                         {
                             JLOG(j.fatal()) <<  //
                                 "Invariant failed: clawback and assets outstanding "
@@ -3234,7 +3354,9 @@ ValidVault::finalize(STTx const& tx, TER const ret, XRPAmount const fee, ReadVie
                             result = false;
                         }
 
-                        if (beforeVault.assetsAvailable + *vaultDeltaAssets != afterVault.assetsAvailable)
+                        auto const assetAvailableDelta = roundToAsset(
+                            vaultAsset, afterVault.assetsAvailable - beforeVault.assetsAvailable, minScale);
+                        if (assetAvailableDelta != vaultDeltaAssets)
                         {
                             JLOG(j.fatal()) <<  //
                                 "Invariant failed: clawback and assets available "
@@ -3249,15 +3371,15 @@ ValidVault::finalize(STTx const& tx, TER const ret, XRPAmount const fee, ReadVie
                         return false;  // That's all we can do
                     }
 
-                    auto const accountDeltaShares = deltaShares(tx[sfHolder]);
-                    if (!accountDeltaShares)
+                    // We don't need to round shares, they are integral MPT
+                    auto const maybeAccountDeltaShares = deltaShares(tx[sfHolder]);
+                    if (!maybeAccountDeltaShares)
                     {
                         JLOG(j.fatal()) <<  //
                             "Invariant failed: clawback must change holder shares";
                         return false;  // That's all we can do
                     }
-
-                    if (*accountDeltaShares >= zero)
+                    if (maybeAccountDeltaShares->delta >= zero)
                     {
                         JLOG(j.fatal()) <<  //
                             "Invariant failed: clawback must decrease holder "
@@ -3265,15 +3387,16 @@ ValidVault::finalize(STTx const& tx, TER const ret, XRPAmount const fee, ReadVie
                         result = false;
                     }
 
+                    // We don't need to round shares, they are integral MPT
                     auto const vaultDeltaShares = deltaShares(afterVault.pseudoId);
-                    if (!vaultDeltaShares || *vaultDeltaShares == zero)
+                    if (!vaultDeltaShares || vaultDeltaShares->delta == zero)
                     {
                         JLOG(j.fatal()) <<  //
                             "Invariant failed: clawback must change vault shares";
                         return false;  // That's all we can do
                     }
 
-                    if (*vaultDeltaShares * -1 != *accountDeltaShares)
+                    if (vaultDeltaShares->delta * -1 != maybeAccountDeltaShares->delta)
                     {
                         JLOG(j.fatal()) <<  //
                             "Invariant failed: clawback must change holder and "
@@ -3310,4 +3433,15 @@ ValidVault::finalize(STTx const& tx, TER const ret, XRPAmount const fee, ReadVie
     return true;
 }
 
+[[nodiscard]] std::int32_t
+ValidVault::computeMinScale(Asset const& asset, std::vector<DeltaInfo> const& numbers)
+{
+    if (numbers.size() == 0)
+        return 0;
+
+    auto const max = std::max_element(
+        numbers.begin(), numbers.end(), [](auto const& a, auto const& b) -> bool { return a.scale < b.scale; });
+    XRPL_ASSERT_PARTS(max->scale, "xrpl::ValidVault::computeMinScale", "scale set for destinationDelta");
+    return max->scale.value_or(STAmount::cMaxOffset);
+}
 }  // namespace xrpl