diff --git a/src/ripple/app/misc/NegativeUNLVote.cpp b/src/ripple/app/misc/NegativeUNLVote.cpp
index 01d1241d6..fba02637e 100644
--- a/src/ripple/app/misc/NegativeUNLVote.cpp
+++ b/src/ripple/app/misc/NegativeUNLVote.cpp
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ NegativeUNLVote::buildScoreTable(
     // Ask the validation container to keep enough validation message history
     // for next time.
     auto const seq = prevLedger->info().seq + 1;
-    validations.setSeqToKeep(seq - 1);
+    validations.setSeqToKeep(seq - 1, seq + FLAG_LEDGER_INTERVAL);
 
     // Find FLAG_LEDGER_INTERVAL (i.e. 256) previous ledger hashes
     auto const hashIndex = prevLedger->read(keylet::skip());
diff --git a/src/ripple/consensus/Validations.h b/src/ripple/consensus/Validations.h
index f883f773e..2cbddaa51 100644
--- a/src/ripple/consensus/Validations.h
+++ b/src/ripple/consensus/Validations.h
@@ -324,8 +324,13 @@ class Validations
         beast::uhash<>>
         bySequence_;
 
-    // Sequence of the earliest validation to keep from expire
-    std::optional<Seq> toKeep_;
+    // A range [low_, high_) of validations to keep from expire
+    struct KeepRange
+    {
+        Seq low_;
+        Seq high_;
+    };
+    std::optional<KeepRange> toKeep_;
 
     // Represents the ancestry of validated ledgers
     LedgerTrie<Ledger> trie_;
@@ -698,14 +703,17 @@ public:
     }
 
     /**
-     * Set the smallest sequence number of validations to keep from expire
-     * @param s the sequence number
+     * Set the range [low, high) of validations to keep from expire
+     * @param low the lower sequence number
+     * @param high the higher sequence number
+     * @note high must be greater than low
      */
     void
-    setSeqToKeep(Seq const& s)
+    setSeqToKeep(Seq const& low, Seq const& high)
     {
         std::lock_guard lock{mutex_};
-        toKeep_ = s;
+        assert(low < high);
+        toKeep_ = {low, high};
     }
 
     /** Expire old validation sets
@@ -719,21 +727,35 @@ public:
         std::lock_guard lock{mutex_};
         if (toKeep_)
         {
-            for (auto i = byLedger_.begin(); i != byLedger_.end(); ++i)
+            // We only need to refresh the keep range when it's just about to
+            // expire. Track the next time we need to refresh.
+            static std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point refreshTime;
+            if (auto const now = byLedger_.clock().now(); refreshTime <= now)
             {
-                auto const& validationMap = i->second;
-                if (!validationMap.empty() &&
-                    validationMap.begin()->second.seq() >= toKeep_)
-                {
-                    byLedger_.touch(i);
-                }
-            }
+                // The next refresh time is shortly before the expiration
+                // time from now.
+                refreshTime = now + parms_.validationSET_EXPIRES -
+                    parms_.validationFRESHNESS;
 
-            for (auto i = bySequence_.begin(); i != bySequence_.end(); ++i)
-            {
-                if (i->first >= toKeep_)
+                for (auto i = byLedger_.begin(); i != byLedger_.end(); ++i)
                 {
-                    bySequence_.touch(i);
+                    auto const& validationMap = i->second;
+                    if (!validationMap.empty())
+                    {
+                        auto const seq = validationMap.begin()->second.seq();
+                        if (toKeep_->low_ <= seq && seq < toKeep_->high_)
+                        {
+                            byLedger_.touch(i);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+                for (auto i = bySequence_.begin(); i != bySequence_.end(); ++i)
+                {
+                    if (toKeep_->low_ <= i->first && i->first < toKeep_->high_)
+                    {
+                        bySequence_.touch(i);
+                    }
                 }
             }
         }
diff --git a/src/test/consensus/Validations_test.cpp b/src/test/consensus/Validations_test.cpp
index 4dc1df7de..beb43421c 100644
--- a/src/test/consensus/Validations_test.cpp
+++ b/src/test/consensus/Validations_test.cpp
@@ -705,23 +705,49 @@ class Validations_test : public beast::unit_test::suite
         testcase("Expire validations");
         LedgerHistoryHelper h;
         TestHarness harness(h.oracle);
-        Node a = harness.makeNode();
+        Node const a = harness.makeNode();
+        constexpr Ledger::Seq one(1);
+        constexpr Ledger::Seq two(2);
 
-        Ledger ledgerA = h["a"];
+        // simple cases
+        Ledger const ledgerA = h["a"];
         BEAST_EXPECT(ValStatus::current == harness.add(a.validate(ledgerA)));
-        BEAST_EXPECT(harness.vals().numTrustedForLedger(ledgerA.id()));
-
-        // Keep the validation from expire
-        harness.clock().advance(harness.parms().validationSET_EXPIRES);
-        harness.vals().setSeqToKeep(ledgerA.seq());
+        BEAST_EXPECT(harness.vals().numTrustedForLedger(ledgerA.id()) == 1);
         harness.vals().expire();
-        BEAST_EXPECT(harness.vals().numTrustedForLedger(ledgerA.id()));
-
-        // Allow the validation to expire
+        BEAST_EXPECT(harness.vals().numTrustedForLedger(ledgerA.id()) == 1);
         harness.clock().advance(harness.parms().validationSET_EXPIRES);
-        harness.vals().setSeqToKeep(++ledgerA.seq());
         harness.vals().expire();
-        BEAST_EXPECT(!harness.vals().numTrustedForLedger(ledgerA.id()));
+        BEAST_EXPECT(harness.vals().numTrustedForLedger(ledgerA.id()) == 0);
+
+        // use setSeqToKeep to keep the validation from expire
+        Ledger const ledgerB = h["ab"];
+        BEAST_EXPECT(ValStatus::current == harness.add(a.validate(ledgerB)));
+        BEAST_EXPECT(harness.vals().numTrustedForLedger(ledgerB.id()) == 1);
+        harness.vals().setSeqToKeep(ledgerB.seq(), ledgerB.seq() + one);
+        harness.clock().advance(harness.parms().validationSET_EXPIRES);
+        harness.vals().expire();
+        BEAST_EXPECT(harness.vals().numTrustedForLedger(ledgerB.id()) == 1);
+        // change toKeep
+        harness.vals().setSeqToKeep(ledgerB.seq() + one, ledgerB.seq() + two);
+        // advance clock slowly
+        int const loops = harness.parms().validationSET_EXPIRES /
+                harness.parms().validationFRESHNESS +
+            1;
+        for (int i = 0; i < loops; ++i)
+        {
+            harness.clock().advance(harness.parms().validationFRESHNESS);
+            harness.vals().expire();
+        }
+        BEAST_EXPECT(harness.vals().numTrustedForLedger(ledgerB.id()) == 0);
+
+        // Allow the validation with high seq to expire
+        Ledger const ledgerC = h["abc"];
+        BEAST_EXPECT(ValStatus::current == harness.add(a.validate(ledgerC)));
+        BEAST_EXPECT(harness.vals().numTrustedForLedger(ledgerC.id()) == 1);
+        harness.vals().setSeqToKeep(ledgerC.seq() - one, ledgerC.seq());
+        harness.clock().advance(harness.parms().validationSET_EXPIRES);
+        harness.vals().expire();
+        BEAST_EXPECT(harness.vals().numTrustedForLedger(ledgerC.id()) == 0);
     }
 
     void