diff --git a/src/LedgerTiming.cpp b/src/LedgerTiming.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1425f85ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/LedgerTiming.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+
+#include "LedgerTiming.h"
+
+
+// Returns the number of seconds the ledger should be be open.
+int ContinuousLedgerTiming::shouldClose(	// How many:
+	bool anyTransactions,
+	int previousProposers,		// proposers there were in the last closing
+	int proposersClosed,		// proposers who have currently closed their ledgers
+	int previousOpenSeconds,	// seconds the previous ledger was open
+	int currentOpenSeconds)		// seconds since the previous ledger closed
+{
+	if (!anyTransactions)
+	{ // no transactions so far this interval
+		if (proposersClosed > (previousProposers / 4)) // did we miss a transaction?
+			return currentOpenSeconds;
+		if (previousOpenSeconds > (LEDGER_IDLE_INTERVAL + 2)) // the last ledger was very slow to close
+			return previousOpenSeconds - 1;
+		return LEDGER_IDLE_INTERVAL; // normal idle
+	}
+
+	if (previousOpenSeconds == LEDGER_IDLE_INTERVAL) // coming out of idle, close now
+		return currentOpenSeconds;
+
+	// If the network is slow, try to synchronize close times
+	if (previousOpenSeconds > 8)
+		return (currentOpenSeconds - currentOpenSeconds % 4);
+	else if (previousOpenSeconds > 4)
+		return (currentOpenSeconds - currentOpenSeconds % 2);
+
+	return currentOpenSeconds; // this ledger should close now
+}
+
+// Returns whether we have a consensus or not. If so, we expect all honest nodes
+// to already have everything they need to accept a consensus. Our vote is 'locked in'.
+bool ContinuousLedgerTiming::haveConsensus(
+	int previousProposers,		// proposers in the last closing (not including us)
+	int currentProposers,		// proposers in this closing so far (not including us)
+	int currentAgree,			// proposers who agree with us
+	int currentClosed,			// proposers who have currently closed their ledgers
+	int previousAgreeTime,		// how long it took to agree on the last ledger
+	int currentAgreeTime)		// how long we've been trying to agree
+{
+	if (currentProposers < (previousProposers * 3 / 4))
+	{ // Less than 3/4 of the validators are present, slow down
+		if (currentAgreeTime < (previousAgreeTime + 2))
+			return false;
+	}
+
+	// If 80% of current proposers (plus us) agree on a set, we have consensus
+	int agreeWeight = (currentAgree * 100 + 100) / (currentProposers + 1);
+	if (agreeWeight > 80)
+		return true;
+
+	// If 50% of the nodes on your UNL (minus us) have closed, you should close
+	int closeWeight = (currentClosed * 100 - 100) / (currentProposers + 1);
+	if (closeWeight > 50)
+		return true;
+
+	return false;
+}
diff --git a/src/LedgerTiming.h b/src/LedgerTiming.h
index d7e623844..543144328 100644
--- a/src/LedgerTiming.h
+++ b/src/LedgerTiming.h
@@ -21,30 +21,46 @@
 // Maximum converge time
 #	define LEDGER_MAX_CONVERGE		20
 
+#define AV_PCT_STOP					85
 
 #endif
 
-#ifdef LEDGER_CLOSE_SLOW
-
-#	define LEDGER_INTERVAL			1800
-
-#	define LEDGER_FORCE_CONVERGE	180
-
-#	define LEDGER_CONVERGE			240
 
 
-// Time a transaction must be unconflicted before we consider it protected
-#	define LEDGER_PROTECT		90
+// BEGIN LEDGER_CLOSE_CONTINUOUS
 
-#endif
+// The number of seconds a ledger may remain idle before closing
+#	define LEDGER_IDLE_INTERVAL		15
+
+// How long we wait to transition from inactive to active
+#	define LEDGER_IDLE_SPIN_TIME	2
 
 // Avalance tuning (percent of UNL voting yes for us to vote yes)
-#define AV_MIN_CONSENSUS			50
-#define AV_AVG_CONSENSUS			60
+#define AV_MIN_CONSENSUS			55
+#define AV_AVG_CONSENSUS			65
 #define AV_MAX_CONSENSUS			70
 
-// We consider consensus reached at this percent agreement
-#define AV_PCT_STOP					90
+
+class ContinuousLedgerTiming
+{
+public:
+
+	// Returns the number of seconds the ledger was or should be open
+	// Call when a consensus is reached and when any transaction is relayed to be added
+	static int shouldClose(
+		bool anyTransactions,
+		int previousProposers,		int proposersClosed,
+		int previousOpenSeconds,	int currentOpenSeconds);
+
+	static bool haveConsensus(
+		int previousProposers,		int currentProposers,
+		int currentAgree,			int currentClosed,
+		int previousAgreeTime,		int currentAgreeTime);
+
+};
+
+// END LEDGER_CLOSE_CONTINUOUS
+
 
 
 #endif
diff --git a/src/Transaction.cpp b/src/Transaction.cpp
index 1cc4e8e30..95d4d2772 100644
--- a/src/Transaction.cpp
+++ b/src/Transaction.cpp
@@ -535,10 +535,13 @@ bool Transaction::save()
 
 Transaction::pointer Transaction::transactionFromSQL(const std::string& sql)
 {
-	Serializer rawTxn(2048);
+	Serializer rawTxn;
 	std::string status;
 	uint32 inLedger;
 
+	int txSize = 2048;
+	rawTxn.resize(txSize);
+
 	{
 		ScopedLock sl(theApp->getTxnDB()->getDBLock());
 		Database* db = theApp->getTxnDB()->getDB();
@@ -548,15 +551,15 @@ Transaction::pointer Transaction::transactionFromSQL(const std::string& sql)
 
 		db->getStr("Status", status);
 		inLedger = db->getInt("LedgerSeq");
-		int txSize = db->getBinary("RawTxn", &*rawTxn.begin(), rawTxn.capacity());
-		if (txSize > rawTxn.size())
+		txSize = db->getBinary("RawTxn", &*rawTxn.begin(), rawTxn.getLength());
+		if (txSize > rawTxn.getLength())
 		{
 			rawTxn.resize(txSize);
-			db->getBinary("RawTxn", &*rawTxn.begin(), rawTxn.capacity());
+			db->getBinary("RawTxn", &*rawTxn.begin(), rawTxn.getLength());
 		}
-		else rawTxn.resize(txSize);
 		db->endIterRows();
 	}
+	rawTxn.resize(txSize);
 
 	SerializerIterator it(rawTxn);
 	SerializedTransaction::pointer txn = boost::make_shared<SerializedTransaction>(boost::ref(it));
@@ -565,11 +568,13 @@ Transaction::pointer Transaction::transactionFromSQL(const std::string& sql)
 	TransStatus st(INVALID);
 	switch (status[0])
 	{
-		case TXN_SQL_NEW: st = NEW; break;
-		case 'A': st = INCLUDED; break;
-		case 'C': st = CONFLICTED; break;
-		case 'D': st = COMMITTED; break;
-		case 'H': st = HELD; break;
+		case TXN_SQL_NEW:			st = NEW;			break;
+		case TXN_SQL_CONFLICT:		st = CONFLICTED;	break;
+		case TXN_SQL_HELD:			st = HELD;			break;
+		case TXN_SQL_VALIDATED:		st = COMMITTED;		break;
+		case TXN_SQL_INCLUDED:		st = INCLUDED;		break;
+		case TXN_SQL_UNKNOWN:							break;
+		default: assert(false);
 	}
 	tr->setStatus(st);
 	tr->setLedger(inLedger);