//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/*
    This file is part of Beast: https://github.com/vinniefalco/Beast
    Copyright 2013, Vinnie Falco <vinnie.falco@gmail.com>

    Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any
    purpose  with  or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
    copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.

    THE  SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
    WITH  REGARD  TO  THIS  SOFTWARE  INCLUDING  ALL  IMPLIED  WARRANTIES  OF
    MERCHANTABILITY  AND  FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
    ANY  SPECIAL ,  DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
    WHATSOEVER  RESULTING  FROM  LOSS  OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
    ACTION  OF  CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
    OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
*/
//==============================================================================

// This precedes every allocation
struct FifoFreeStoreWithoutTLS::Header
{
    union
    {
        FifoFreeStoreWithoutTLS::Block* block; // backpointer to the page

        char pad [Memory::allocAlignBytes];
    };
};

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

class FifoFreeStoreWithoutTLS::Block : Uncopyable
{
public:
    explicit Block (const size_t bytes) : m_refs (1)
    {
        m_end = reinterpret_cast <char*> (this) + bytes;
        m_free = reinterpret_cast <char*> (
                     Memory::pointerAdjustedForAlignment (this + 1));
    }

    ~Block ()
    {
        bassert (!m_refs.isSignaled ());
    }

    inline void addref ()
    {
        m_refs.addref ();
    }

    inline bool release ()
    {
        return m_refs.release ();
    }

    enum Result
    {
        success,  // successful allocation
        ignore,   // disregard the block
        consumed  // block is consumed (1 thread sees this)
    };

    Result allocate (size_t bytes, void* pBlock)
    {
        bassert (bytes > 0);

        Result result;

        for (;;)
        {
            char* base = m_free.get ();

            if (base)
            {
                char* p = Memory::pointerAdjustedForAlignment (base);
                char* free = p + bytes;

                if (free <= m_end)
                {
                    // Try to commit the allocation
                    if (m_free.compareAndSet (free, base))
                    {
                        * (reinterpret_cast <void**> (pBlock)) = p;
                        result = success;
                        break;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        // Someone changed m_free, retry.
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    // Mark the block consumed.
                    if (m_free.compareAndSet (0, base))
                    {
                        // Only one caller sees this, the rest get 'ignore'
                        result = consumed;
                        break;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        // Happens with another concurrent allocate(), retry.
                    }
                }
            }
            else
            {
                // Block is consumed, ignore it.
                result = ignore;
                break;
            }
        }

        return result;
    }

private:
    AtomicCounter m_refs;        // reference count
    AtomicPointer <char> m_free; // next free byte or 0 if inactive.
    char* m_end;                 // last free byte + 1
};

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

inline FifoFreeStoreWithoutTLS::Block* FifoFreeStoreWithoutTLS::newBlock ()
{
    return new (m_pages->allocate ()) Block (m_pages->getPageBytes ());
}

inline void FifoFreeStoreWithoutTLS::deleteBlock (Block* b)
{
    // It is critical that we do not call the destructor,
    // because due to the lock-free implementation, a Block
    // can be accessed for a short time after it is deleted.
    /* b->~Block (); */ // DO NOT CALL!!!

    PagedFreeStoreType::deallocate (b);
}

FifoFreeStoreWithoutTLS::FifoFreeStoreWithoutTLS ()
    : m_pages (GlobalPagedFreeStore::getInstance ())
{
    if (m_pages->getPageBytes () < sizeof (Block) + 256)
        Throw (Error ().fail (__FILE__, __LINE__, TRANS ("the block size is too small")));

    m_active = newBlock ();
}

FifoFreeStoreWithoutTLS::~FifoFreeStoreWithoutTLS ()
{
    deleteBlock (m_active);
}

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

void* FifoFreeStoreWithoutTLS::allocate (const size_t bytes)
{
    const size_t actual = sizeof (Header) + bytes;

    if (actual > m_pages->getPageBytes ())
        Throw (Error ().fail (__FILE__, __LINE__, TRANS ("the memory request was too large")));

    Header* h;

    for (;;)
    {
        // Get an active block.
        Block* b = m_active;

        while (!b)
        {
            Thread::yield ();
            b = m_active;
        }

        // (*) It is possible for the block to get a final release here
        //     In this case it will have been put in the garbage, and
        //     m_active will not match.

        // Acquire a reference.
        b->addref ();

        // Is it still active?
        if (m_active == b)
        {
            // Yes so try to allocate from it.
            const Block::Result result = b->allocate (actual, &h);

            if (result == Block::success)
            {
                // Keep the reference and return the allocation.
                h->block = b;
                break;
            }
            else if (result == Block::consumed)
            {
                // Remove block from active.
                m_active = 0;

                // Take away the reference we added
                b->release ();

                // Take away the original active reference.
                if (b->release ())
                    deleteBlock (b);

                // Install a fresh empty active block.
                m_active = newBlock ();
            }
            else
            {
                if (b->release ())
                    deleteBlock (b);
            }

            // Try again.
        }
        else
        {
            // Block became inactive, so release our reference.
            b->release ();

            // (*) It is possible for this to be a duplicate final release.
        }
    }

    return h + 1;
}

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

void FifoFreeStoreWithoutTLS::deallocate (void* p)
{
    Block* const b = (reinterpret_cast <Header*> (p) - 1)->block;

    if (b->release ())
        deleteBlock (b);
}