/**
 * OpenTelemetry SDK implementation of the Telemetry interface.
 *
 * Compiled only when XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY is defined (via CMake
 * telemetry=ON). Contains:
 *
 * - FilteringSpanProcessor: decorator that drops spans marked with
 * kDiscardedAttr before they enter the batch export queue.
 * - TelemetryImpl: configures the OTel SDK with an OTLP/HTTP exporter,
 * FilteringSpanProcessor wrapping a batch span processor,
 * trace-ID-ratio sampler, and resource attributes.
 * - NullTelemetryOtel: no-op fallback used when telemetry is compiled in
 * but disabled at runtime (enabled=0 in config).
 * - makeTelemetry(): factory that selects the appropriate implementation.
 */

#ifdef XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY

#include <xrpl/telemetry/Telemetry.h>

#include <xrpl/basics/Log.h>
#include <xrpl/beast/insight/OTelCollector.h>
#include <xrpl/beast/insight/Unit.h>
#include <xrpl/beast/utility/Journal.h>
#include <xrpl/telemetry/CoroAwareContextStorage.h>
#include <xrpl/telemetry/DeterministicIdGenerator.h>
#include <xrpl/telemetry/DiscardFlag.h>
#include <xrpl/telemetry/HistogramBuckets.h>
#include <xrpl/telemetry/SpanNames.h>

#include <opentelemetry/context/context.h>
#include <opentelemetry/context/runtime_context.h>
#include <opentelemetry/exporters/otlp/otlp_http_exporter_factory.h>
#include <opentelemetry/exporters/otlp/otlp_http_exporter_options.h>
#include <opentelemetry/exporters/otlp/otlp_http_metric_exporter_factory.h>
#include <opentelemetry/exporters/otlp/otlp_http_metric_exporter_options.h>
#include <opentelemetry/metrics/meter.h>
#include <opentelemetry/metrics/meter_provider.h>
#include <opentelemetry/metrics/noop.h>
#include <opentelemetry/metrics/provider.h>
#include <opentelemetry/nostd/shared_ptr.h>
#include <opentelemetry/sdk/metrics/aggregation/aggregation_config.h>
#include <opentelemetry/sdk/metrics/export/periodic_exporting_metric_reader_factory.h>
#include <opentelemetry/sdk/metrics/export/periodic_exporting_metric_reader_options.h>
#include <opentelemetry/sdk/metrics/instruments.h>
#include <opentelemetry/sdk/metrics/meter_provider.h>
#include <opentelemetry/sdk/metrics/meter_provider_factory.h>
#include <opentelemetry/sdk/metrics/view/instrument_selector_factory.h>
#include <opentelemetry/sdk/metrics/view/meter_selector_factory.h>
#include <opentelemetry/sdk/metrics/view/view_factory.h>
#include <opentelemetry/sdk/metrics/view/view_registry.h>
#include <opentelemetry/sdk/resource/resource.h>
#include <opentelemetry/sdk/trace/batch_span_processor_factory.h>
#include <opentelemetry/sdk/trace/batch_span_processor_options.h>
#include <opentelemetry/sdk/trace/processor.h>
#include <opentelemetry/sdk/trace/sampler.h>
#include <opentelemetry/sdk/trace/samplers/parent_factory.h>
#include <opentelemetry/sdk/trace/samplers/trace_id_ratio.h>
#include <opentelemetry/sdk/trace/tracer_provider.h>
#include <opentelemetry/sdk/trace/tracer_provider_factory.h>
#include <opentelemetry/semconv/incubating/service_attributes.h>
#include <opentelemetry/trace/noop.h>
#include <opentelemetry/trace/provider.h>
#include <opentelemetry/trace/span.h>
#include <opentelemetry/trace/span_metadata.h>
#include <opentelemetry/trace/span_startoptions.h>
#include <opentelemetry/trace/tracer.h>
#include <opentelemetry/trace/tracer_provider.h>

#include <chrono>
#include <cstdint>
#include <exception>
#include <memory>
#include <string>
#include <string_view>
#include <utility>
#include <vector>

namespace xrpl::telemetry {

// beast cannot include this header, so it duplicates the meter scope. Fail the
// build if the copies drift: instruments would land off the views' scope.
static_assert(kMeterName == beast::insight::kOTelMeterName);
static_assert(kMeterVersion == beast::insight::kOTelMeterVersion);

namespace {

namespace trace_api = opentelemetry::trace;
namespace trace_sdk = opentelemetry::sdk::trace;
namespace metrics_api = opentelemetry::metrics;
namespace metrics_sdk = opentelemetry::sdk::metrics;
namespace otlp_http = opentelemetry::exporter::otlp;
namespace resource = opentelemetry::sdk::resource;

/**
 * SpanProcessor decorator that drops discarded spans.
 *
 * Wraps a delegate processor (typically BatchSpanProcessor). In OnEnd(),
 * calls DiscardScope::isActive(). If the calling thread is inside a
 * DiscardScope (entered by SpanGuard::discard()), the span is silently
 * dropped — never entering the batch queue, never sent over the network,
 * never stored.
 *
 * Uses a thread-local flag rather than inspecting Recordable attributes
 * because the Recordable type varies by exporter (SpanData for simple
 * exporters, OtlpRecordable for OTLP) and none expose a uniform getter.
 * The flag is safe because Span::End() calls OnEnd() synchronously on
 * the same thread.
 *
 * All other methods delegate directly to the wrapped processor.
 *
 * Dependency diagram:
 *
 * +---------------------------+
 * | FilteringSpanProcessor    |
 * +---------------------------+
 * | - delegate_ : unique_ptr  |
 * |   <SpanProcessor>         |
 * +---------------------------+
 * |  wraps
 * +---------+-----------+
 * | BatchSpanProcessor  |
 * +---------------------+
 *
 * @note Thread safety: OnEnd() may be called concurrently from multiple
 * threads. The discard flag behind DiscardScope is thread-local, so each
 * thread's discard state is independent — no synchronization needed.
 */
class FilteringSpanProcessor : public trace_sdk::SpanProcessor
{
    std::unique_ptr<trace_sdk::SpanProcessor> delegate_;

public:
    explicit FilteringSpanProcessor(std::unique_ptr<trace_sdk::SpanProcessor> delegate)
        : delegate_(std::move(delegate))
    {
    }

    std::unique_ptr<trace_sdk::Recordable>
    MakeRecordable() noexcept override
    {
        return delegate_->MakeRecordable();
    }

    void
    OnStart(
        trace_sdk::Recordable& span,
        opentelemetry::trace::SpanContext const& parentContext) noexcept override
    {
        delegate_->OnStart(span, parentContext);
    }

    void
    OnEnd(std::unique_ptr<trace_sdk::Recordable>&& span) noexcept override
    {
        if (DiscardScope::isActive())
        {
            // SpanGuard::discard() is inside a DiscardScope on this thread,
            // which it entered just before calling Span::End() — and End()
            // invokes OnEnd() synchronously. Drop the span.
            return;
        }
        delegate_->OnEnd(std::move(span));
    }

    bool
    ForceFlush(
        std::chrono::microseconds timeout = std::chrono::microseconds::max()) noexcept override
    {
        return delegate_->ForceFlush(timeout);
    }

    bool
    Shutdown(std::chrono::microseconds timeout = std::chrono::microseconds::max()) noexcept override
    {
        return delegate_->Shutdown(timeout);
    }
};

/**
 * No-op implementation used when XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY is defined but
 * setup.enabled is false at runtime.
 *
 * Lives in the anonymous namespace so there is no ODR conflict with the
 * NullTelemetry in NullTelemetry.cpp.
 */
class NullTelemetryOtel : public Telemetry
{
    /**
     * Retained configuration (unused, kept for diagnostic access).
     */
    Setup const setup_;

public:
    explicit NullTelemetryOtel(Setup setup) : setup_(std::move(setup))
    {
    }

    void
    start() override
    {
        Telemetry::setInstance(this);
    }

    void
    stop() override
    {
        Telemetry::setInstance(nullptr);
    }

    [[nodiscard]] bool
    isEnabled() const override
    {
        return false;
    }

    [[nodiscard]] bool
    shouldTraceTransactions() const override
    {
        return false;
    }

    [[nodiscard]] bool
    shouldTraceConsensus() const override
    {
        return false;
    }

    [[nodiscard]] bool
    shouldTraceRpc() const override
    {
        return false;
    }

    [[nodiscard]] bool
    shouldTracePeer() const override
    {
        return false;
    }

    [[nodiscard]] bool
    shouldTraceLedger() const override
    {
        return false;
    }

    [[nodiscard]] ConsensusTraceStrategy
    getConsensusTraceStrategy() const override
    {
        return setup_.consensusTraceStrategy;
    }

    [[nodiscard]] opentelemetry::nostd::shared_ptr<trace_api::Tracer>
    getTracer(std::string_view) override
    {
        static auto noopTracer =
            opentelemetry::nostd::shared_ptr<trace_api::Tracer>(new trace_api::NoopTracer());
        return noopTracer;
    }

    [[nodiscard]] opentelemetry::nostd::shared_ptr<metrics_api::Meter>
    getMeter(std::string_view name) override
    {
        // Mirrors the noop tracer above: instruments created from it are inert.
        return noopMeter(name);
    }

    [[nodiscard]] opentelemetry::nostd::shared_ptr<trace_api::Span>
    startSpan(std::string_view, trace_api::SpanKind) override
    {
        return opentelemetry::nostd::shared_ptr<trace_api::Span>(new trace_api::NoopSpan(nullptr));
    }

    [[nodiscard]] opentelemetry::nostd::shared_ptr<trace_api::Span>
    startSpan(std::string_view, opentelemetry::context::Context const&, trace_api::SpanKind)
        override
    {
        return opentelemetry::nostd::shared_ptr<trace_api::Span>(new trace_api::NoopSpan(nullptr));
    }
};

/**
 * Full OTel SDK implementation that exports trace spans via OTLP/HTTP.
 *
 * Configures an OTLP/HTTP exporter, batch span processor,
 * TraceIdRatioBasedSampler, and resource attributes on start().
 */
class TelemetryImpl : public Telemetry
{
    /**
     * Configuration from the [telemetry] config section.
     * Non-const so setServiceInstanceId() can update the instance ID
     * before start() creates the OTel resource.
     */
    Setup setup_;

    /**
     * Journal used for log output during start/stop.
     */
    beast::Journal const journal_;

    /**
     * The SDK TracerProvider that owns the export pipeline.
     *
     * Held as std::shared_ptr so we can call ForceFlush() on shutdown.
     * Wrapped in a nostd::shared_ptr when registered as the global provider.
     */
    std::shared_ptr<trace_sdk::TracerProvider> sdkProvider_;

    /**
     * The SDK MeterProvider that owns the metric export pipeline.
     *
     * Symmetric with sdkProvider_ on the tracing side. Held as
     * std::shared_ptr so we can ForceFlush() on shutdown; wrapped in a
     * nostd::shared_ptr when registered as the global meter provider.
     */
    std::shared_ptr<metrics_sdk::MeterProvider> meterProvider_;

    /**
     * Coroutine-aware runtime-context storage, installed globally so the OTel
     * ambient context follows JobQueue coroutines. Held for the process
     * lifetime because it must outlive every span (SDK requirement).
     */
    opentelemetry::nostd::shared_ptr<opentelemetry::context::RuntimeContextStorage> contextStorage_;

    /**
     * Set by stop(), so a second call does nothing.
     */
    bool stopped_{false};

    /**
     * Build the OTel resource shared by the tracer and meter providers.
     *
     * Both pipelines must report the same resource identity, so this is the
     * single place the attributes are named. Called twice because the two
     * providers are now built at different times: metrics in the constructor,
     * traces in start().
     *
     * @return The resource carrying service and network identity.
     */
    [[nodiscard]] resource::Resource
    makeResource() const
    {
        return resource::Resource::Create({
            {opentelemetry::semconv::service::kServiceName, setup_.serviceName},
            {opentelemetry::semconv::service::kServiceVersion, setup_.serviceVersion},
            {opentelemetry::semconv::service::kServiceInstanceId, setup_.serviceInstanceId},
            {std::string(attr::networkId),
             static_cast<int64_t>(setup_.networkId)},              // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
            {std::string(attr::networkType), setup_.networkType},  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
        });
    }

    /**
     * Build and publish the metrics pipeline (MeterProvider + periodic reader
     * + OTLP exporter + histogram view).
     *
     * Called from the constructor so the provider is published before any
     * subsystem creates an instrument. opentelemetry-cpp 1.28.0 has no proxy
     * MeterProvider: a meter is a point-in-time copy and is never rebound, so
     * an instrument created before this would hold a noop meter for the process
     * lifetime.
     *
     * The reader is attached here too. The SDK notes a reader added later "may
     * not receive any in-flight meter data".
     *
     * Observable instruments are registered later, once the services their
     * callbacks read exist. See Collector::onCollectionReady().
     *
     * @note Throws whatever the SDK factories throw; the constructor catches.
     */

    /**
     * @brief Build the OTLP/HTTP metric exporter.
     *
     * @return Exporter pointed at the metrics endpoint, with the same TLS
     *         options the trace exporter uses.
     */
    [[nodiscard]] auto
    makeMetricExporter() const
    {
        otlp_http::OtlpHttpMetricExporterOptions opts;
        opts.url = setup_.metricsEndpoint;
        if (setup_.useTls)
        {
            opts.ssl_ca_cert_path = setup_.tlsCertPath;
            opts.ssl_client_cert_path = setup_.tlsClientCertPath;
            opts.ssl_client_key_path = setup_.tlsClientKeyPath;
        }
        return otlp_http::OtlpHttpMetricExporterFactory::Create(opts);
    }

    /**
     * @brief Register one histogram view, selected by instrument unit.
     *
     * The unit is the selector, so an instrument gets the ladder matching what
     * it measures and a byte count is never bucketed on a latency ladder.
     *
     * The view name stays EMPTY: a non-empty one renames every matching
     * histogram to it and collapses them into a single series. The meter
     * selector must match kMeterName, or the view never applies and
     * instruments fall back to the SDK default ladder (ceiling 10,000).
     *
     * @param unitCode    OTel unit code to select on, e.g. "ms".
     * @param boundaries  Bucket upper bounds, from HistogramBuckets.h.
     * @param description Description recorded on the view.
     */
    void
    addUnitView(
        std::string const& unitCode,
        std::vector<double> boundaries,
        std::string const& description)
    {
        auto selector = metrics_sdk::InstrumentSelectorFactory::Create(
            metrics_sdk::InstrumentType::kHistogram, "*", unitCode);
        auto meterSelector =
            metrics_sdk::MeterSelectorFactory::Create(std::string(kMeterName), "", "");
        auto config = std::make_shared<metrics_sdk::HistogramAggregationConfig>();
        config->boundaries_ = std::move(boundaries);
        auto view = metrics_sdk::ViewFactory::Create(
            "", description, metrics_sdk::AggregationType::kHistogram, std::move(config));
        meterProvider_->AddView(std::move(selector), std::move(meterSelector), std::move(view));
    }

    void
    initMetrics()
    {
        // Both come from [telemetry], which has already checked that they are
        // positive and that the timeout is below the interval.
        metrics_sdk::PeriodicExportingMetricReaderOptions readerOpts;
        readerOpts.export_interval_millis = setup_.metricExportInterval;
        readerOpts.export_timeout_millis = setup_.metricExportTimeout;

        auto reader = metrics_sdk::PeriodicExportingMetricReaderFactory::Create(
            makeMetricExporter(), readerOpts);

        meterProvider_ = metrics_sdk::MeterProviderFactory::Create(
            std::make_unique<metrics_sdk::ViewRegistry>(), makeResource());
        meterProvider_->AddMetricReader(std::move(reader));

        addUnitView(
            beast::insight::otelUnitCode(beast::insight::Unit::Millis),
            buckets::toVector(buckets::kMillisecondBuckets),
            "Duration buckets, 1 ms to 120 s");
        addUnitView(
            beast::insight::otelUnitCode(beast::insight::Unit::Bytes),
            buckets::toVector(buckets::kByteBuckets),
            "Size buckets, 512 B to 1 MiB");

        // Publish globally so both direct-API and beast-sourced metrics ride
        // one pipeline.
        metrics_api::Provider::SetMeterProvider(
            opentelemetry::nostd::shared_ptr<metrics_api::MeterProvider>(meterProvider_));
    }

public:
    TelemetryImpl(Setup setup, beast::Journal journal) : setup_(std::move(setup)), journal_(journal)
    {
        // Publish the MeterProvider before any subsystem is constructed; see
        // initMetrics(). setup_.serviceInstanceId is already resolved by the
        // caller, so the resource is complete.
        //
        // A failure must never stop the node starting: the global provider
        // stays noop and every instrument call remains valid.
        try
        {
            initMetrics();
        }
        catch (std::exception const& e)
        {
            // Drop the half-built provider. initMetrics() publishes globally as
            // its last step, so a throw leaves the global noop; keeping our own
            // pointer would send getMeter() callers to a provider that nothing
            // else can reach.
            meterProvider_.reset();
            JLOG(journal_.error()) << "Telemetry metrics pipeline failed to initialise, "
                                      "continuing without metrics: "
                                   << e.what();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Override the service instance id, for callers that learn it late.
     *
     * Affects only the tracer resource, which start() builds. The metrics
     * resource is built by the constructor and is immutable, so supply the id
     * through Setup to have it on both.
     *
     * @param id The instance id to report on spans.
     */
    void
    setServiceInstanceId(std::string const& id) override
    {
        setup_.serviceInstanceId = id;
    }

    void
    start() override
    {
        JLOG(journal_.info()) << "Telemetry starting: traces_endpoint=" << setup_.tracesEndpoint
                              << " metrics_endpoint=" << setup_.metricsEndpoint
                              << " sampling=" << setup_.samplingRatio;

        auto exporter =
            otlp_http::OtlpHttpExporterFactory::Create(makeTraceExporterOptions(setup_));

        // Configure batch processor
        trace_sdk::BatchSpanProcessorOptions processorOpts;
        processorOpts.max_queue_size = setup_.maxQueueSize;
        processorOpts.schedule_delay_millis = std::chrono::milliseconds(setup_.batchDelay);
        processorOpts.max_export_batch_size = setup_.batchSize;

        auto batchProcessor =
            trace_sdk::BatchSpanProcessorFactory::Create(std::move(exporter), processorOpts);

        // Wrap batch processor with filtering processor that drops spans
        // marked with kDiscardedAttr (via SpanGuard::discard()).
        auto processor = std::make_unique<FilteringSpanProcessor>(std::move(batchProcessor));

        // Configure resource attributes. Shared with the metrics pipeline the
        // constructor already published, so both report one identity.
        auto resourceAttrs = makeResource();

        // Configure sampler. Head sampling is fixed at 1.0 (sample everything);
        // setup_.samplingRatio is not config-driven. Wrap the ratio sampler in a
        // ParentBasedSampler so spans with a remote parent honor the upstream
        // sampled flag — this keeps keep/drop decisions coherent for a single
        // distributed trace spanning multiple nodes. Volume reduction is left to
        // the collector's tail sampling.
        auto rootSampler =
            std::make_shared<trace_sdk::TraceIdRatioBasedSampler>(setup_.samplingRatio);
        auto sampler = trace_sdk::ParentBasedSamplerFactory::Create(std::move(rootSampler));

        // Create TracerProvider with a DeterministicIdGenerator. It returns a
        // deterministic trace_id when a PendingTraceId is active on the thread,
        // else a random one — letting hash-derived roots (introduced on a later
        // branch) become true trace roots. Dormant until such a caller exists.
        sdkProvider_ = trace_sdk::TracerProviderFactory::Create(
            std::move(processor),
            resourceAttrs,
            std::move(sampler),
            std::make_unique<DeterministicIdGenerator>());

        // Install coroutine-aware context storage BEFORE any span is created
        // so the OTel ambient context follows JobQueue coroutines across
        // yield/resume (fixes wrong-thread scope pop; keeps log-trace
        // correlation). Must precede SetTracerProvider and the first span.
        // Not reset in stop(): resetting the storage while spans may still
        // exist is undefined behaviour (SDK), and by stop() all spans are
        // gone, so the storage is simply left installed for process lifetime.
        contextStorage_ =
            opentelemetry::nostd::shared_ptr<opentelemetry::context::RuntimeContextStorage>(
                new CoroAwareContextStorage());
        opentelemetry::context::RuntimeContext::SetRuntimeContextStorage(contextStorage_);

        // Set as global provider
        trace_api::Provider::SetTracerProvider(
            opentelemetry::nostd::shared_ptr<trace_api::TracerProvider>(sdkProvider_));

        // The metrics pipeline was built by initMetrics() in the constructor.

        // Register as the global Telemetry instance so SpanGuard factory
        // methods can access it without callers passing a reference.
        Telemetry::setInstance(this);

        JLOG(journal_.info()) << "Telemetry started successfully";
    }

    void
    stop() override
    {
        if (stopped_)
            return;
        stopped_ = true;

        JLOG(journal_.info()) << "Telemetry stopping";

        // Unregister global instance before tearing down the pipeline, but only
        // if this object is the one that published it.
        if (Telemetry::getInstance() == this)
            Telemetry::setInstance(nullptr);

        if (sdkProvider_)
        {
            // Force flush with timeout to avoid blocking indefinitely
            // when the OTLP endpoint is unreachable.
            sdkProvider_->ForceFlush(std::chrono::milliseconds(5000));
            // TODO: sdkProvider_ is not thread-safe. This reset() races with
            // getTracer() if any thread is still calling startSpan().
            // Currently safe because Application::stop() shuts down
            // serverHandler_, overlay_, and jobQueue_ before calling
            // telemetry_->stop() — so no callers should remain. If the
            // shutdown order ever changes, add an std::atomic<bool> stopped_
            // flag checked in getTracer() to make this robust.
            sdkProvider_.reset();
            trace_api::Provider::SetTracerProvider(
                opentelemetry::nostd::shared_ptr<trace_api::TracerProvider>(
                    new trace_api::NoopTracerProvider()));
        }

        if (meterProvider_)
        {
            // Mirror the tracer teardown: bounded flush, drop our provider,
            // then restore a noop global provider. Same shutdown-order
            // caveat as sdkProvider_ above applies to getMeter() callers.
            meterProvider_->ForceFlush(std::chrono::milliseconds(5000));
            meterProvider_.reset();
            metrics_api::Provider::SetMeterProvider(
                opentelemetry::nostd::shared_ptr<metrics_api::MeterProvider>(
                    new metrics_api::NoopMeterProvider()));
        }
        JLOG(journal_.info()) << "Telemetry stopped";
    }

    [[nodiscard]] bool
    isEnabled() const override
    {
        return true;
    }

    [[nodiscard]] bool
    shouldTraceTransactions() const override
    {
        return setup_.traceTransactions;
    }

    [[nodiscard]] bool
    shouldTraceConsensus() const override
    {
        return setup_.traceConsensus;
    }

    [[nodiscard]] bool
    shouldTraceRpc() const override
    {
        return setup_.traceRpc;
    }

    [[nodiscard]] bool
    shouldTracePeer() const override
    {
        return setup_.tracePeer;
    }

    [[nodiscard]] bool
    shouldTraceLedger() const override
    {
        return setup_.traceLedger;
    }

    [[nodiscard]] ConsensusTraceStrategy
    getConsensusTraceStrategy() const override
    {
        return setup_.consensusTraceStrategy;
    }

    [[nodiscard]] opentelemetry::nostd::shared_ptr<trace_api::Tracer>
    getTracer(std::string_view name = kTracerName) override
    {
        if (!sdkProvider_)
        {
            return trace_api::Provider::GetTracerProvider()->GetTracer(std::string(name));
        }
        return sdkProvider_->GetTracer(std::string(name));
    }

    [[nodiscard]] opentelemetry::nostd::shared_ptr<metrics_api::Meter>
    getMeter(std::string_view name = kMeterName) override
    {
        if (!meterProvider_)
        {
            return metrics_api::Provider::GetMeterProvider()->GetMeter(
                std::string(name), std::string(kMeterVersion));
        }
        return meterProvider_->GetMeter(std::string(name), std::string(kMeterVersion));
    }

    [[nodiscard]] opentelemetry::nostd::shared_ptr<trace_api::Span>
    startSpan(std::string_view name, trace_api::SpanKind kind) override
    {
        auto tracer = getTracer();
        trace_api::StartSpanOptions opts;
        opts.kind = kind;
        return tracer->StartSpan(std::string(name), opts);
    }

    [[nodiscard]] opentelemetry::nostd::shared_ptr<trace_api::Span>
    startSpan(
        std::string_view name,
        opentelemetry::context::Context const& parentContext,
        trace_api::SpanKind kind) override
    {
        auto tracer = getTracer();
        trace_api::StartSpanOptions opts;
        opts.kind = kind;
        opts.parent = parentContext;
        return tracer->StartSpan(std::string(name), opts);
    }
};

}  // namespace

opentelemetry::nostd::shared_ptr<metrics_api::Meter>
noopMeter(std::string_view name)
{
    // One provider for the process: it holds a single inert meter, so nothing
    // is gained by building another.
    static auto const provider = opentelemetry::nostd::shared_ptr<metrics_api::MeterProvider>(
        new metrics_api::NoopMeterProvider());
    return provider->GetMeter(std::string(name), std::string(kMeterVersion));
}

opentelemetry::exporter::otlp::OtlpHttpExporterOptions
makeTraceExporterOptions(Telemetry::Setup const& setup)
{
    otlp_http::OtlpHttpExporterOptions opts;
    opts.url = setup.tracesEndpoint;
    if (setup.useTls)
    {
        opts.ssl_ca_cert_path = setup.tlsCertPath;
        // Present a client cert for mutual TLS. When both paths are
        // empty the connection falls back to one-way (server) TLS.
        opts.ssl_client_cert_path = setup.tlsClientCertPath;
        opts.ssl_client_key_path = setup.tlsClientKeyPath;
    }
    return opts;
}

std::unique_ptr<Telemetry>
makeTelemetry(Telemetry::Setup const& setup, beast::Journal journal)
{
    if (setup.enabled)
    {
        return std::make_unique<TelemetryImpl>(setup, journal);
    }
    return std::make_unique<NullTelemetryOtel>(setup);
}

}  // namespace xrpl::telemetry

#endif  // XRPL_ENABLE_TELEMETRY