fix(telemetry): use underscore attr names and SpanNames constants in Phase 4

- tempo.yaml: align consensus filter tags with emitted keys
  (consensus_mode, consensus_round, ledger_seq) instead of dotted form
- haveConsensus(): set span attributes before early-return paths so the
  consensus.check span carries diagnostics even when consensus is not reached
- replace hardcoded consensus phase/result/vote literals with
  ConsensusSpanNames.h val constants; add val::phaseOpen/Establish/Accepted
- ConsensusReceiveTracing.h: use canonical consensus::span constants instead
  of duplicate inline detail:: names
- SpanGuardFactory test: use rpc_span / consensus::span constants now that
  levelization permits the dependency

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>

src/tests/libxrpl/telemetry/TelemetryConfig.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-#include <xrpl/basics/BasicConfig.h>
 #include <xrpl/beast/utility/Journal.h>
+#include <xrpl/config/BasicConfig.h>
 #include <xrpl/telemetry/Telemetry.h>
 
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>