diff --git a/Builds/VisualStudio2015/RippleD.vcxproj b/Builds/VisualStudio2015/RippleD.vcxproj
index a763ed78f6..e5fbd1eceb 100644
--- a/Builds/VisualStudio2015/RippleD.vcxproj
+++ b/Builds/VisualStudio2015/RippleD.vcxproj
@@ -1877,8 +1877,6 @@
     </ClInclude>
     <ClInclude Include="..\..\src\ripple\basics\BasicConfig.h">
     </ClInclude>
-    <ClInclude Include="..\..\src\ripple\basics\BasicTypes.h">
-    </ClInclude>
     <ClInclude Include="..\..\src\ripple\basics\Blob.h">
     </ClInclude>
     <ClInclude Include="..\..\src\ripple\basics\Buffer.h">
diff --git a/Builds/VisualStudio2015/RippleD.vcxproj.filters b/Builds/VisualStudio2015/RippleD.vcxproj.filters
index 63d0722070..dbe9081d3d 100644
--- a/Builds/VisualStudio2015/RippleD.vcxproj.filters
+++ b/Builds/VisualStudio2015/RippleD.vcxproj.filters
@@ -2616,9 +2616,6 @@
     <ClInclude Include="..\..\src\ripple\basics\BasicConfig.h">
       <Filter>ripple\basics</Filter>
     </ClInclude>
-    <ClInclude Include="..\..\src\ripple\basics\BasicTypes.h">
-      <Filter>ripple\basics</Filter>
-    </ClInclude>
     <ClInclude Include="..\..\src\ripple\basics\Blob.h">
       <Filter>ripple\basics</Filter>
     </ClInclude>
diff --git a/src/ripple/app/ledger/BookListeners.cpp b/src/ripple/app/ledger/BookListeners.cpp
index c610e94cdd..e84aa922c0 100644
--- a/src/ripple/app/ledger/BookListeners.cpp
+++ b/src/ripple/app/ledger/BookListeners.cpp
@@ -26,13 +26,13 @@ namespace ripple {
 
 void BookListeners::addSubscriber (InfoSub::ref sub)
 {
-    ScopedLockType sl (mLock);
+    std::lock_guard <std::recursive_mutex> sl (mLock);
     mListeners[sub->getSeq ()] = sub;
 }
 
 void BookListeners::removeSubscriber (std::uint64_t seq)
 {
-    ScopedLockType sl (mLock);
+    std::lock_guard <std::recursive_mutex> sl (mLock);
     mListeners.erase (seq);
 }
 
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ void BookListeners::publish (Json::Value const& jvObj)
 {
     std::string sObj = to_string (jvObj);
 
-    ScopedLockType sl (mLock);
+    std::lock_guard <std::recursive_mutex> sl (mLock);
     auto it = mListeners.cbegin ();
 
     while (it != mListeners.cend ())
diff --git a/src/ripple/app/ledger/BookListeners.h b/src/ripple/app/ledger/BookListeners.h
index f59d058ab5..e24adae56e 100644
--- a/src/ripple/app/ledger/BookListeners.h
+++ b/src/ripple/app/ledger/BookListeners.h
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 
 #include <ripple/net/InfoSub.h>
 #include <memory>
+#include <mutex>
 
 namespace ripple {
 
@@ -38,9 +39,7 @@ public:
     void publish (Json::Value const& jvObj);
 
 private:
-    using LockType = RippleRecursiveMutex;
-    using ScopedLockType = std::lock_guard <LockType>;
-    LockType mLock;
+    std::recursive_mutex mLock;
 
     hash_map<std::uint64_t, InfoSub::wptr> mListeners;
 };
diff --git a/src/ripple/app/ledger/InboundLedger.h b/src/ripple/app/ledger/InboundLedger.h
index 13b3b2c176..45883abbf7 100644
--- a/src/ripple/app/ledger/InboundLedger.h
+++ b/src/ripple/app/ledger/InboundLedger.h
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 #include <ripple/app/ledger/Ledger.h>
 #include <ripple/overlay/PeerSet.h>
 #include <ripple/basics/CountedObject.h>
+#include <mutex>
 #include <set>
 
 namespace ripple {
@@ -160,7 +161,7 @@ private:
     std::set <uint256> mRecentNodes;
 
     // Data we have received from peers
-    PeerSet::LockType mReceivedDataLock;
+    std::recursive_mutex mReceivedDataLock;
     std::vector <PeerDataPairType> mReceivedData;
     bool mReceiveDispatched;
 
diff --git a/src/ripple/app/ledger/LedgerHolder.h b/src/ripple/app/ledger/LedgerHolder.h
index 417fb3f98e..eeda392a44 100644
--- a/src/ripple/app/ledger/LedgerHolder.h
+++ b/src/ripple/app/ledger/LedgerHolder.h
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@
 #ifndef RIPPLE_APP_LEDGER_LEDGERHOLDER_H_INCLUDED
 #define RIPPLE_APP_LEDGER_LEDGERHOLDER_H_INCLUDED
 
+#include <mutex>
+
 namespace ripple {
 
 // Can std::atomic<std::shared_ptr>> make this lock free?
@@ -29,9 +31,6 @@ namespace ripple {
 class LedgerHolder
 {
 public:
-    using LockType = RippleMutex;
-    using ScopedLockType = std::lock_guard <LockType>;
-
     // Update the held ledger
     void set (Ledger::pointer ledger)
     {
@@ -40,8 +39,7 @@ public:
            ledger = std::make_shared <Ledger> (*ledger, false);
 
         {
-            ScopedLockType sl (m_lock);
-
+            std::lock_guard <std::mutex> sl (m_lock);
             m_heldLedger = ledger;
         }
     }
@@ -49,8 +47,7 @@ public:
     // Return the (immutable) held ledger
     Ledger::pointer get ()
     {
-        ScopedLockType sl (m_lock);
-
+        std::lock_guard <std::mutex> sl (m_lock);
         return m_heldLedger;
     }
 
@@ -61,19 +58,15 @@ public:
         return ret ? std::make_shared <Ledger> (*ret, true) : ret;
     }
 
-
     bool empty ()
     {
-        ScopedLockType sl (m_lock);
-
+        std::lock_guard <std::mutex> sl (m_lock);
         return m_heldLedger == nullptr;
     }
 
 private:
-
-    LockType m_lock;
+    std::mutex m_lock;
     Ledger::pointer m_heldLedger;
-
 };
 
 } // ripple
diff --git a/src/ripple/app/ledger/LedgerMaster.h b/src/ripple/app/ledger/LedgerMaster.h
index 223c813975..f3266ff2c6 100644
--- a/src/ripple/app/ledger/LedgerMaster.h
+++ b/src/ripple/app/ledger/LedgerMaster.h
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 #include <beast/threads/Stoppable.h>
 #include <beast/threads/UnlockGuard.h>
 #include <beast/utility/PropertyStream.h>
+#include <mutex>
 
 #include "ripple.pb.h"
 
@@ -63,10 +64,6 @@ public:
     using callback = std::function <void (Ledger::ref)>;
 
 public:
-    using LockType = RippleRecursiveMutex;
-    using ScopedLockType = std::unique_lock <LockType>;
-    using ScopedUnlockType = beast::GenericScopedUnlock <LockType>;
-
     virtual ~LedgerMaster () = default;
 
     virtual LedgerIndex getCurrentLedgerIndex () = 0;
@@ -75,7 +72,7 @@ public:
     virtual bool isCompatible (Ledger::pointer,
         beast::Journal::Stream, const char* reason) = 0;
 
-    virtual LockType& peekMutex () = 0;
+    virtual std::recursive_mutex& peekMutex () = 0;
 
     // The current ledger is the ledger we believe new transactions should go in
     virtual std::shared_ptr<ReadView const> getCurrentLedger () = 0;
diff --git a/src/ripple/app/ledger/OrderBookDB.cpp b/src/ripple/app/ledger/OrderBookDB.cpp
index 68c8f15471..8ffff6822c 100644
--- a/src/ripple/app/ledger/OrderBookDB.cpp
+++ b/src/ripple/app/ledger/OrderBookDB.cpp
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ OrderBookDB::OrderBookDB (Application& app, Stoppable& parent)
 
 void OrderBookDB::invalidate ()
 {
-    ScopedLockType sl (mLock);
+    std::lock_guard <std::recursive_mutex> sl (mLock);
     mSeq = 0;
 }
 
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ void OrderBookDB::setup(
     std::shared_ptr<ReadView const> const& ledger)
 {
     {
-        ScopedLockType sl (mLock);
+        std::lock_guard <std::recursive_mutex> sl (mLock);
         auto seq = ledger->info().seq;
 
         // Do a full update every 256 ledgers
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ void OrderBookDB::update(
     {
         JLOG (j_.info) 
             << "OrderBookDB::update encountered a missing node";
-        ScopedLockType sl (mLock);
+        std::lock_guard <std::recursive_mutex> sl (mLock);
         mSeq = 0;
         return;
     }
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ void OrderBookDB::update(
     JLOG (j_.debug)
         << "OrderBookDB::update< " << books << " books found";
     {
-        ScopedLockType sl (mLock);
+        std::lock_guard <std::recursive_mutex> sl (mLock);
 
         mXRPBooks.swap(XRPBooks);
         mSourceMap.swap(sourceMap);
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ void OrderBookDB::update(
 void OrderBookDB::addOrderBook(Book const& book)
 {
     bool toXRP = isXRP (book.out);
-    ScopedLockType sl (mLock);
+    std::lock_guard <std::recursive_mutex> sl (mLock);
 
     if (toXRP)
     {
@@ -177,26 +177,26 @@ void OrderBookDB::addOrderBook(Book const& book)
 // return list of all orderbooks that want this issuerID and currencyID
 OrderBook::List OrderBookDB::getBooksByTakerPays (Issue const& issue)
 {
-    ScopedLockType sl (mLock);
+    std::lock_guard <std::recursive_mutex> sl (mLock);
     auto it = mSourceMap.find (issue);
     return it == mSourceMap.end () ? OrderBook::List() : it->second;
 }
 
 int OrderBookDB::getBookSize(Issue const& issue) {
-    ScopedLockType sl (mLock);
+    std::lock_guard <std::recursive_mutex> sl (mLock);
     auto it = mSourceMap.find (issue);
     return it == mSourceMap.end () ? 0 : it->second.size();
 }
 
 bool OrderBookDB::isBookToXRP(Issue const& issue)
 {
-    ScopedLockType sl (mLock);
+    std::lock_guard <std::recursive_mutex> sl (mLock);
     return mXRPBooks.count(issue) > 0;
 }
 
 BookListeners::pointer OrderBookDB::makeBookListeners (Book const& book)
 {
-    ScopedLockType sl (mLock);
+    std::lock_guard <std::recursive_mutex> sl (mLock);
     auto ret = getBookListeners (book);
 
     if (!ret)
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ BookListeners::pointer OrderBookDB::makeBookListeners (Book const& book)
 BookListeners::pointer OrderBookDB::getBookListeners (Book const& book)
 {
     BookListeners::pointer ret;
-    ScopedLockType sl (mLock);
+    std::lock_guard <std::recursive_mutex> sl (mLock);
 
     auto it0 = mListeners.find (book);
     if (it0 != mListeners.end ())
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ void OrderBookDB::processTxn (
     std::shared_ptr<ReadView const> const& ledger,
         const AcceptedLedgerTx& alTx, Json::Value const& jvObj)
 {
-    ScopedLockType sl (mLock);
+    std::lock_guard <std::recursive_mutex> sl (mLock);
 
     if (alTx.getResult () == tesSUCCESS)
     {
diff --git a/src/ripple/app/ledger/OrderBookDB.h b/src/ripple/app/ledger/OrderBookDB.h
index dee03f1d5d..d565faf4a5 100644
--- a/src/ripple/app/ledger/OrderBookDB.h
+++ b/src/ripple/app/ledger/OrderBookDB.h
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 #include <ripple/app/ledger/BookListeners.h>
 #include <ripple/app/main/Application.h>
 #include <ripple/app/misc/OrderBook.h>
+#include <mutex>
 
 namespace ripple {
 
@@ -73,9 +74,7 @@ private:
     // does an order book to XRP exist
     hash_set <Issue> mXRPBooks;
 
-    using LockType = RippleRecursiveMutex;
-    using ScopedLockType = std::lock_guard <LockType>;
-    LockType mLock;
+    std::recursive_mutex mLock;
 
     using BookToListenersMap = hash_map <Book, BookListeners::pointer>;
 
diff --git a/src/ripple/app/ledger/impl/InboundLedgers.cpp b/src/ripple/app/ledger/impl/InboundLedgers.cpp
index 0c352abbad..89d795b09f 100644
--- a/src/ripple/app/ledger/impl/InboundLedgers.cpp
+++ b/src/ripple/app/ledger/impl/InboundLedgers.cpp
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include <beast/cxx14/memory.h> // <memory>
 #include <beast/module/core/text/LexicalCast.h>
 #include <beast/container/aged_map.h>
+#include <mutex>
 
 namespace ripple {
 
@@ -415,13 +416,12 @@ public:
 private:
     clock_type& m_clock;
 
+    using ScopedLockType = std::unique_lock <std::recursive_mutex>;
+    std::recursive_mutex mLock;
+
     using MapType = hash_map <uint256, InboundLedger::pointer>;
-
-    using LockType = RippleRecursiveMutex;
-    using ScopedLockType = std::unique_lock <LockType>;
-    LockType mLock;
-
     MapType mLedgers;
+
     beast::aged_map <uint256, std::uint32_t> mRecentFailures;
 
     beast::insight::Counter mCounter;
diff --git a/src/ripple/app/ledger/impl/LedgerConsensusImp.cpp b/src/ripple/app/ledger/impl/LedgerConsensusImp.cpp
index 40c1dd3b08..bbcbccd194 100644
--- a/src/ripple/app/ledger/impl/LedgerConsensusImp.cpp
+++ b/src/ripple/app/ledger/impl/LedgerConsensusImp.cpp
@@ -1178,10 +1178,9 @@ void LedgerConsensusImp::accept (std::shared_ptr<SHAMap> set)
 
     {
         // Build new open ledger
-
         auto lock = beast::make_lock(
             app_.getMasterMutex(), std::defer_lock);
-        LedgerMaster::ScopedLockType sl (
+        auto sl = beast::make_lock(
             ledgerMaster_.peekMutex (), std::defer_lock);
         std::lock(lock, sl);
 
diff --git a/src/ripple/app/ledger/impl/LedgerMaster.cpp b/src/ripple/app/ledger/impl/LedgerMaster.cpp
index 3605881a16..1301ad399d 100644
--- a/src/ripple/app/ledger/impl/LedgerMaster.cpp
+++ b/src/ripple/app/ledger/impl/LedgerMaster.cpp
@@ -65,14 +65,13 @@ class LedgerMasterImp
     : public LedgerMaster
 {
 public:
-    using LockType = RippleRecursiveMutex;
-    using ScopedLockType = std::lock_guard <LockType>;
-    using ScopedUnlockType = beast::GenericScopedUnlock <LockType>;
+    using ScopedLockType = std::lock_guard <std::recursive_mutex>;
+    using ScopedUnlockType = beast::GenericScopedUnlock <std::recursive_mutex>;
 
     Application& app_;
     beast::Journal m_journal;
 
-    LockType m_mutex;
+    std::recursive_mutex m_mutex;
 
     // The ledger that most recently closed.
     LedgerHolder mClosedLedger;
@@ -99,7 +98,7 @@ public:
     // A set of transactions to replay during the next close
     std::unique_ptr<LedgerReplay> replayData;
 
-    LockType mCompleteLock;
+    std::recursive_mutex mCompleteLock;
     RangeSet mCompleteLedgers;
 
     std::unique_ptr <LedgerCleaner> mLedgerCleaner;
@@ -1289,7 +1288,7 @@ public:
         }
     }
 
-    LockType& peekMutex () override
+    std::recursive_mutex& peekMutex () override
     {
         return m_mutex;
     }
diff --git a/src/ripple/app/misc/AmendmentTableImpl.cpp b/src/ripple/app/misc/AmendmentTableImpl.cpp
index 9c40bc16eb..ae2ee4c72c 100644
--- a/src/ripple/app/misc/AmendmentTableImpl.cpp
+++ b/src/ripple/app/misc/AmendmentTableImpl.cpp
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include <boost/format.hpp>
 #include <boost/tokenizer.hpp>
 #include <algorithm>
+#include <mutex>
 
 namespace ripple {
 /** Track the list of "amendments"
@@ -43,9 +44,7 @@ protected:
     using amendmentMap_t = hash_map<uint256, AmendmentState>;
     using amendmentList_t = hash_set<uint256>;
 
-    using LockType = RippleMutex;
-    using ScopedLockType = std::lock_guard <LockType>;
-    LockType mLock;
+    std::mutex mLock;
 
     amendmentMap_t m_amendmentMap;
     std::uint32_t m_lastUpdateSeq;
@@ -213,7 +212,7 @@ AmendmentTableImpl::getExisting (uint256 const& amendmentHash)
 uint256
 AmendmentTableImpl::get (std::string const& name)
 {
-    ScopedLockType sl (mLock);
+    std::lock_guard <std::mutex> sl (mLock);
 
     for (auto const& e : m_amendmentMap)
     {
@@ -237,7 +236,7 @@ AmendmentTableImpl::addKnown (AmendmentName const& name)
         throw std::runtime_error (errorMsg);
     }
 
-    ScopedLockType sl (mLock);
+    std::lock_guard <std::mutex> sl (mLock);
     AmendmentState& amendment = getCreate (name.id ());
 
     if (!name.friendlyName ().empty ())
@@ -250,7 +249,7 @@ AmendmentTableImpl::addKnown (AmendmentName const& name)
 bool
 AmendmentTableImpl::veto (uint256 const& amendment)
 {
-    ScopedLockType sl (mLock);
+    std::lock_guard <std::mutex> sl (mLock);
     AmendmentState& s = getCreate (amendment);
 
     if (s.mVetoed)
@@ -263,7 +262,7 @@ AmendmentTableImpl::veto (uint256 const& amendment)
 bool
 AmendmentTableImpl::unVeto (uint256 const& amendment)
 {
-    ScopedLockType sl (mLock);
+    std::lock_guard <std::mutex> sl (mLock);
     AmendmentState* s = getExisting (amendment);
 
     if (!s || !s->mVetoed)
@@ -276,7 +275,7 @@ AmendmentTableImpl::unVeto (uint256 const& amendment)
 bool
 AmendmentTableImpl::enable (uint256 const& amendment)
 {
-    ScopedLockType sl (mLock);
+    std::lock_guard <std::mutex> sl (mLock);
     AmendmentState& s = getCreate (amendment);
 
     if (s.mEnabled)
@@ -289,7 +288,7 @@ AmendmentTableImpl::enable (uint256 const& amendment)
 bool
 AmendmentTableImpl::disable (uint256 const& amendment)
 {
-    ScopedLockType sl (mLock);
+    std::lock_guard <std::mutex> sl (mLock);
     AmendmentState* s = getExisting (amendment);
 
     if (!s || !s->mEnabled)
@@ -302,7 +301,7 @@ AmendmentTableImpl::disable (uint256 const& amendment)
 bool
 AmendmentTableImpl::isEnabled (uint256 const& amendment)
 {
-    ScopedLockType sl (mLock);
+    std::lock_guard <std::mutex> sl (mLock);
     AmendmentState* s = getExisting (amendment);
     return s && s->mEnabled;
 }
@@ -310,7 +309,7 @@ AmendmentTableImpl::isEnabled (uint256 const& amendment)
 bool
 AmendmentTableImpl::isSupported (uint256 const& amendment)
 {
-    ScopedLockType sl (mLock);
+    std::lock_guard <std::mutex> sl (mLock);
     AmendmentState* s = getExisting (amendment);
     return s && s->mSupported;
 }
@@ -319,7 +318,7 @@ AmendmentTableImpl::amendmentList_t
 AmendmentTableImpl::getVetoed ()
 {
     amendmentList_t ret;
-    ScopedLockType sl (mLock);
+    std::lock_guard <std::mutex> sl (mLock);
     for (auto const& e : m_amendmentMap)
     {
         if (e.second.mVetoed)
@@ -332,7 +331,7 @@ AmendmentTableImpl::amendmentList_t
 AmendmentTableImpl::getEnabled ()
 {
     amendmentList_t ret;
-    ScopedLockType sl (mLock);
+    std::lock_guard <std::mutex> sl (mLock);
     for (auto const& e : m_amendmentMap)
     {
         if (e.second.mEnabled)
@@ -345,7 +344,7 @@ AmendmentTableImpl::amendmentList_t
 AmendmentTableImpl::getDesired (enabledAmendments_t const& enabled)
 {
     amendmentList_t ret;
-    ScopedLockType sl (mLock);
+    std::lock_guard <std::mutex> sl (mLock);
 
     for (auto const& e : m_amendmentMap)
     {
@@ -360,7 +359,7 @@ AmendmentTableImpl::getDesired (enabledAmendments_t const& enabled)
 void
 AmendmentTableImpl::setEnabled (const std::vector<uint256>& amendments)
 {
-    ScopedLockType sl (mLock);
+    std::lock_guard <std::mutex> sl (mLock);
     for (auto& e : m_amendmentMap)
     {
         e.second.mEnabled = false;
@@ -374,7 +373,7 @@ AmendmentTableImpl::setEnabled (const std::vector<uint256>& amendments)
 void
 AmendmentTableImpl::setSupported (const std::vector<uint256>& amendments)
 {
-    ScopedLockType sl (mLock);
+    std::lock_guard <std::mutex> sl (mLock);
     for (auto &e : m_amendmentMap)
     {
         e.second.mSupported = false;
@@ -443,7 +442,7 @@ AmendmentTableImpl::doVoting (
     std::map <uint256, std::uint32_t> actions;
 
     {
-        ScopedLockType sl (mLock);
+        std::lock_guard <std::mutex> sl (mLock);
 
         // process all amendments we know of
         for (auto const& entry : m_amendmentMap)
@@ -486,7 +485,7 @@ AmendmentTableImpl::doVoting (
 bool
 AmendmentTableImpl::needValidatedLedger (LedgerIndex ledgerSeq)
 {
-    ScopedLockType sl (mLock);
+    std::lock_guard <std::mutex> sl (mLock);
 
     // Is there a ledger in which an amendment could have been enabled
     // between these two ledger sequences?
@@ -498,7 +497,7 @@ void
 AmendmentTableImpl::doValidatedLedger (LedgerIndex ledgerSeq,
     enabledAmendments_t enabled)
 {
-    ScopedLockType sl (mLock);
+    std::lock_guard <std::mutex> sl (mLock);
 
     for (auto& e : m_amendmentMap)
         e.second.mEnabled = (enabled.count (e.first) != 0);
@@ -509,7 +508,7 @@ AmendmentTableImpl::getJson (int)
 {
     Json::Value ret(Json::objectValue);
     {
-        ScopedLockType sl(mLock);
+        std::lock_guard <std::mutex> sl(mLock);
         for (auto const& e : m_amendmentMap)
         {
             setJson (ret[to_string (e.first)] = Json::objectValue, e.second);
@@ -536,7 +535,7 @@ AmendmentTableImpl::getJson (uint256 const& amendmentID)
     Json::Value& jAmendment = (ret[to_string (amendmentID)] = Json::objectValue);
 
     {
-        ScopedLockType sl(mLock);
+        std::lock_guard <std::mutex> sl(mLock);
 
         AmendmentState& amendmentState = getCreate (amendmentID);
         setJson (jAmendment, amendmentState);
diff --git a/src/ripple/app/misc/NetworkOPs.cpp b/src/ripple/app/misc/NetworkOPs.cpp
index 93e132c9fa..b6ba77d7b9 100644
--- a/src/ripple/app/misc/NetworkOPs.cpp
+++ b/src/ripple/app/misc/NetworkOPs.cpp
@@ -70,6 +70,7 @@
 #include <boost/optional.hpp>
 #include <tuple>
 #include <condition_variable>
+#include <mutex>
 
 namespace ripple {
 
@@ -426,8 +427,7 @@ private:
     using subRpcMapType = hash_map<std::string, InfoSub::pointer>;
 
     // XXX Split into more locks.
-    using LockType = RippleRecursiveMutex;
-    using ScopedLockType = std::lock_guard <LockType>;
+    using ScopedLockType = std::lock_guard <std::recursive_mutex>;
 
     Application& app_;
     clock_type& m_clock;
@@ -435,7 +435,7 @@ private:
 
     std::unique_ptr <LocalTxs> m_localTX;
 
-    LockType mSubLock;
+    std::recursive_mutex mSubLock;
 
     std::atomic<OperatingMode> mMode;
 
diff --git a/src/ripple/app/misc/UniqueNodeList.cpp b/src/ripple/app/misc/UniqueNodeList.cpp
index 2c1c9860b0..7bd1f6aa73 100644
--- a/src/ripple/app/misc/UniqueNodeList.cpp
+++ b/src/ripple/app/misc/UniqueNodeList.cpp
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@
 #include <boost/regex.hpp>
 #include <boost/optional.hpp>
 #include <fstream>
+#include <mutex>
 
 namespace ripple {
 
@@ -205,13 +206,8 @@ private:
 private:
     Application& app_;
 
-    typedef RippleMutex FetchLockType;
-    typedef std::lock_guard <FetchLockType> ScopedFetchLockType;
-    FetchLockType mFetchLock;
-
-    typedef RippleRecursiveMutex UNLLockType;
-    typedef std::lock_guard <UNLLockType> ScopedUNLLockType;
-    UNLLockType mUNLLock;
+    std::mutex mFetchLock;
+    std::recursive_mutex mUNLLock;
 
     // VFALCO TODO Replace ptime with beast::Time
     // Misc persistent information
@@ -485,14 +481,14 @@ void UniqueNodeListImp::start()
 
 void UniqueNodeListImp::insertEphemeralKey (PublicKey pk, std::string comment)
 {
-    ScopedUNLLockType sl (mUNLLock);
+    std::lock_guard <std::recursive_mutex> sl (mUNLLock);
 
     ephemeralValidatorKeys_.insert (std::make_pair(std::move(pk), std::move(comment)));
 }
 
 void UniqueNodeListImp::deleteEphemeralKey (PublicKey const& pk)
 {
-    ScopedUNLLockType sl (mUNLLock);
+    std::lock_guard <std::recursive_mutex> sl (mUNLLock);
 
     ephemeralValidatorKeys_.erase (pk);
 }
@@ -596,7 +592,7 @@ void UniqueNodeListImp::nodeRemovePublic (RippleAddress const& naNodePublic)
     // YYY Only dirty on successful delete.
     fetchDirty ();
 
-    ScopedUNLLockType sl (mUNLLock);
+    std::lock_guard <std::recursive_mutex> sl (mUNLLock);
     mUNL.erase (naNodePublic.humanNodePublic ());
 }
 
@@ -646,7 +642,7 @@ bool UniqueNodeListImp::nodeInUNL (RippleAddress const& naNodePublic)
     auto const& blob = naNodePublic.getNodePublic();
     PublicKey const pk (Slice(blob.data(), blob.size()));
 
-    ScopedUNLLockType sl (mUNLLock);
+    std::lock_guard <std::recursive_mutex> sl (mUNLLock);
 
     if (ephemeralValidatorKeys_.find (pk) != ephemeralValidatorKeys_.end())
     {
@@ -660,7 +656,7 @@ bool UniqueNodeListImp::nodeInUNL (RippleAddress const& naNodePublic)
 
 bool UniqueNodeListImp::nodeInCluster (RippleAddress const& naNodePublic)
 {
-    ScopedUNLLockType sl (mUNLLock);
+    std::lock_guard <std::recursive_mutex> sl (mUNLLock);
     return m_clusterNodes.end () != m_clusterNodes.find (naNodePublic);
 }
 
@@ -668,7 +664,7 @@ bool UniqueNodeListImp::nodeInCluster (RippleAddress const& naNodePublic)
 
 bool UniqueNodeListImp::nodeInCluster (RippleAddress const& naNodePublic, std::string& name)
 {
-    ScopedUNLLockType sl (mUNLLock);
+    std::lock_guard <std::recursive_mutex> sl (mUNLLock);
     std::map<RippleAddress, ClusterNodeStatus>::iterator it = m_clusterNodes.find (naNodePublic);
 
     if (it == m_clusterNodes.end ())
@@ -682,7 +678,7 @@ bool UniqueNodeListImp::nodeInCluster (RippleAddress const& naNodePublic, std::s
 
 bool UniqueNodeListImp::nodeUpdate (RippleAddress const& naNodePublic, ClusterNodeStatus const& cnsStatus)
 {
-    ScopedUNLLockType sl (mUNLLock);
+    std::lock_guard <std::recursive_mutex> sl (mUNLLock);
     return m_clusterNodes[naNodePublic].update(cnsStatus);
 }
 
@@ -693,7 +689,7 @@ UniqueNodeListImp::getClusterStatus()
 {
     std::map<RippleAddress, ClusterNodeStatus> ret;
     {
-        ScopedUNLLockType sl (mUNLLock);
+        std::lock_guard <std::recursive_mutex> sl (mUNLLock);
         ret = m_clusterNodes;
     }
     return ret;
@@ -707,7 +703,7 @@ std::uint32_t UniqueNodeListImp::getClusterFee()
 
     std::vector<std::uint32_t> fees;
     {
-        ScopedUNLLockType sl (mUNLLock);
+        std::lock_guard <std::recursive_mutex> sl (mUNLLock);
         {
             for (std::map<RippleAddress, ClusterNodeStatus>::iterator it = m_clusterNodes.begin(),
                 end = m_clusterNodes.end(); it != end; ++it)
@@ -728,7 +724,7 @@ std::uint32_t UniqueNodeListImp::getClusterFee()
 
 void UniqueNodeListImp::addClusterStatus (Json::Value& obj)
 {
-    ScopedUNLLockType sl (mUNLLock);
+    std::lock_guard <std::recursive_mutex> sl (mUNLLock);
     if (m_clusterNodes.size() > 1) // nodes other than us
     {
         auto const now = app_.timeKeeper().now().time_since_epoch().count();
@@ -925,7 +921,7 @@ Json::Value UniqueNodeListImp::getUnlJson()
         ret.append (node);
     }
 
-    ScopedUNLLockType sl (mUNLLock);
+    std::lock_guard <std::recursive_mutex> sl (mUNLLock);
 
     for (auto const& key : ephemeralValidatorKeys_)
     {
@@ -1038,7 +1034,7 @@ void UniqueNodeListImp::trustedLoad()
     }
 
     auto db = app_.getWalletDB ().checkoutDb ();
-    ScopedUNLLockType slUNL (mUNLLock);
+    std::lock_guard <std::recursive_mutex> slUNL (mUNLLock);
 
     mUNL.clear ();
 
@@ -1414,7 +1410,7 @@ void UniqueNodeListImp::scoreCompute()
     }
 
     {
-        ScopedUNLLockType sl (mUNLLock);
+        std::lock_guard <std::recursive_mutex> sl (mUNLLock);
 
         // XXX Should limit to scores above a certain minimum and limit to a certain number.
         mUNL.swap (usUNL);
@@ -1647,7 +1643,7 @@ void UniqueNodeListImp::fetchNext()
     bool    bFull;
 
     {
-        ScopedFetchLockType sl (mFetchLock);
+        std::lock_guard <std::mutex> sl (mFetchLock);
 
         bFull = (mFetchActive == NODE_FETCH_JOBS);
     }
@@ -1685,7 +1681,7 @@ void UniqueNodeListImp::fetchNext()
 
         if (!strDomain.empty ())
         {
-            ScopedFetchLockType sl (mFetchLock);
+            std::lock_guard <std::mutex> sl (mFetchLock);
 
             bFull = (mFetchActive == NODE_FETCH_JOBS);
 
@@ -1761,7 +1757,7 @@ void UniqueNodeListImp::fetchDirty()
 void UniqueNodeListImp::fetchFinish()
 {
     {
-        ScopedFetchLockType sl (mFetchLock);
+        std::lock_guard <std::mutex> sl (mFetchLock);
         mFetchActive--;
     }
 
diff --git a/src/ripple/app/paths/PathRequest.h b/src/ripple/app/paths/PathRequest.h
index 32ae204c8f..79d5f8670d 100644
--- a/src/ripple/app/paths/PathRequest.h
+++ b/src/ripple/app/paths/PathRequest.h
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include <ripple/protocol/types.h>
 #include <boost/optional.hpp>
 #include <map>
+#include <mutex>
 #include <set>
 
 namespace ripple {
@@ -91,6 +92,8 @@ public:
     bool hasCompletion ();
 
 private:
+    using ScopedLockType = std::lock_guard <std::recursive_mutex>;
+
     bool isValid (RippleLineCache::ref crCache);
     void setValid ();
     void resetLevel (int level);
@@ -105,9 +108,7 @@ private:
     Application& app_;
     beast::Journal m_journal;
 
-    using LockType = RippleRecursiveMutex;
-    using ScopedLockType = std::lock_guard <LockType>;
-    LockType mLock;
+    std::recursive_mutex mLock;
 
     PathRequests& mOwner;
 
@@ -128,7 +129,7 @@ private:
 
     bool convert_all_;
 
-    LockType mIndexLock;
+    std::recursive_mutex mIndexLock;
     LedgerIndex mLastIndex;
     bool mInProgress;
 
diff --git a/src/ripple/app/paths/PathRequests.h b/src/ripple/app/paths/PathRequests.h
index db750a004d..07f74f5642 100644
--- a/src/ripple/app/paths/PathRequests.h
+++ b/src/ripple/app/paths/PathRequests.h
@@ -25,13 +25,14 @@
 #include <ripple/app/paths/RippleLineCache.h>
 #include <ripple/core/Job.h>
 #include <atomic>
+#include <mutex>
 
 namespace ripple {
 
 class PathRequests
 {
 public:
-    PathRequests (Application& app, 
+    PathRequests (Application& app,
             beast::Journal journal, beast::insight::Collector::ptr const& collector)
         : app_ (app)
         , mJournal (journal)
@@ -85,9 +86,8 @@ private:
 
     std::atomic<int>                 mLastIdentifier;
 
-    using LockType       = RippleRecursiveMutex;
-    using ScopedLockType = std::lock_guard <LockType>;
-    LockType                         mLock;
+    using ScopedLockType = std::lock_guard <std::recursive_mutex>;
+    std::recursive_mutex mLock;
 
 };
 
diff --git a/src/ripple/app/paths/RippleLineCache.cpp b/src/ripple/app/paths/RippleLineCache.cpp
index 11c773d0bd..6ddacbcb39 100644
--- a/src/ripple/app/paths/RippleLineCache.cpp
+++ b/src/ripple/app/paths/RippleLineCache.cpp
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ RippleLineCache::getRippleLines (AccountID const& accountID)
 {
     AccountKey key (accountID, hasher_ (accountID));
 
-    ScopedLockType sl (mLock);
+    std::lock_guard <std::mutex> sl (mLock);
 
     auto it = mRLMap.emplace (key, RippleStateVector ());
 
diff --git a/src/ripple/app/paths/RippleLineCache.h b/src/ripple/app/paths/RippleLineCache.h
index 93d08231cf..0c2beece89 100644
--- a/src/ripple/app/paths/RippleLineCache.h
+++ b/src/ripple/app/paths/RippleLineCache.h
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 #include <ripple/basics/hardened_hash.h>
 #include <cstddef>
 #include <memory>
+#include <mutex>
 #include <vector>
 
 namespace ripple {
@@ -49,9 +50,7 @@ public:
     getRippleLines (AccountID const& accountID);
 
 private:
-    using LockType = RippleMutex;
-    using ScopedLockType = std::lock_guard <LockType>;
-    LockType mLock;
+    std::mutex mLock;
 
     ripple::hardened_hash<> hasher_;
     std::shared_ptr <ReadView const> mLedger;
diff --git a/src/ripple/app/tx/impl/InboundTransactions.cpp b/src/ripple/app/tx/impl/InboundTransactions.cpp
index c494083acb..831621775f 100644
--- a/src/ripple/app/tx/impl/InboundTransactions.cpp
+++ b/src/ripple/app/tx/impl/InboundTransactions.cpp
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include <ripple/protocol/RippleLedgerHash.h>
 #include <ripple/resource/Fees.h>
 #include <beast/cxx14/memory.h> // <memory>
+#include <mutex>
 
 namespace ripple {
 
@@ -277,9 +278,8 @@ private:
 
     using MapType = hash_map <uint256, InboundTransactionSet>;
 
-    using LockType = RippleRecursiveMutex;
-    using ScopedLockType = std::unique_lock <LockType>;
-    LockType mLock;
+    using ScopedLockType = std::lock_guard <std::recursive_mutex>;
+    std::recursive_mutex mLock;
 
     MapType m_map;
     std::uint32_t m_seq;
diff --git a/src/ripple/basics/BasicTypes.h b/src/ripple/basics/BasicTypes.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 2ea8fa896c..0000000000
--- a/src/ripple/basics/BasicTypes.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,33 +0,0 @@
-//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-/*
-    This file is part of rippled: https://github.com/ripple/rippled
-    Copyright (c) 2012, 2013 Ripple Labs Inc.
-
-    Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any
-    purpose  with  or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
-    copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
-
-    THE  SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
-    WITH  REGARD  TO  THIS  SOFTWARE  INCLUDING  ALL  IMPLIED  WARRANTIES  OF
-    MERCHANTABILITY  AND  FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
-    ANY  SPECIAL ,  DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
-    WHATSOEVER  RESULTING  FROM  LOSS  OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
-    ACTION  OF  CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
-    OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
-*/
-//==============================================================================
-
-#ifndef RIPPLE_BASICS_BASICTYPES_H_INCLUDED
-#define RIPPLE_BASICS_BASICTYPES_H_INCLUDED
-
-#include <mutex>
-
-namespace ripple {
-
-// VFALCO DEPRECATED
-using RippleMutex = std::mutex;
-using RippleRecursiveMutex = std::recursive_mutex;
-
-} // ripple
-
-#endif
diff --git a/src/ripple/core/Job.h b/src/ripple/core/Job.h
index 4eea3305d7..294a64c988 100644
--- a/src/ripple/core/Job.h
+++ b/src/ripple/core/Job.h
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@
 #ifndef RIPPLE_CORE_JOB_H_INCLUDED
 #define RIPPLE_CORE_JOB_H_INCLUDED
 
-#include <ripple/basics/BasicTypes.h>
 #include <ripple/core/LoadMonitor.h>
 
 namespace ripple {
diff --git a/src/ripple/overlay/PeerSet.h b/src/ripple/overlay/PeerSet.h
index 67700f7736..0a8dba3738 100644
--- a/src/ripple/overlay/PeerSet.h
+++ b/src/ripple/overlay/PeerSet.h
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 #include <beast/chrono/abstract_clock.h>
 #include <beast/utility/Journal.h>
 #include <boost/asio/deadline_timer.hpp>
+#include <mutex>
 
 namespace ripple {
 
@@ -117,9 +118,7 @@ private:
     static void timerJobEntry (std::shared_ptr<PeerSet>);
 
 protected:
-    // VFALCO TODO try to make some of these private
-    using LockType = RippleRecursiveMutex;
-    using ScopedLockType = std::unique_lock <LockType>;
+    using ScopedLockType = std::unique_lock <std::recursive_mutex>;
 
     PeerSet (Application& app, uint256 const& hash, int interval, bool txnData,
         clock_type& clock, beast::Journal journal);
@@ -161,7 +160,7 @@ protected:
     beast::Journal m_journal;
     clock_type& m_clock;
 
-    LockType mLock;
+    std::recursive_mutex mLock;
 
     uint256 mHash;
     int mTimerInterval;
diff --git a/src/ripple/protocol/SField.h b/src/ripple/protocol/SField.h
index 412d6ebb2f..be25a4dd68 100644
--- a/src/ripple/protocol/SField.h
+++ b/src/ripple/protocol/SField.h
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@
 #ifndef RIPPLE_PROTOCOL_SFIELD_H_INCLUDED
 #define RIPPLE_PROTOCOL_SFIELD_H_INCLUDED
 
-#include <ripple/basics/BasicTypes.h>
 #include <ripple/json/json_value.h>
 #include <cstdint>
 #include <utility>
diff --git a/src/ripple/protocol/impl/SField.cpp b/src/ripple/protocol/impl/SField.cpp
index 3186b7f632..14deba7731 100644
--- a/src/ripple/protocol/impl/SField.cpp
+++ b/src/ripple/protocol/impl/SField.cpp
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 #include <ripple/protocol/SField.h>
 #include <map>
 #include <memory>
+#include <mutex>
 #include <string>
 #include <utility>