diff --git a/.github/scripts/levelization/results/ordering.txt b/.github/scripts/levelization/results/ordering.txt
index e17bd14bbc..6c42159102 100644
--- a/.github/scripts/levelization/results/ordering.txt
+++ b/.github/scripts/levelization/results/ordering.txt
@@ -93,6 +93,7 @@ test.overlay > test.toplevel
 test.overlay > test.unit_test
 test.overlay > xrpl.basics
 test.overlay > xrpld.app
+test.overlay > xrpld.nodestore
 test.overlay > xrpld.overlay
 test.overlay > xrpld.peerfinder
 test.overlay > xrpld.shamap
diff --git a/src/test/overlay/TMGetObjectByHash_test.cpp b/src/test/overlay/TMGetObjectByHash_test.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8e74779776
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/overlay/TMGetObjectByHash_test.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,211 @@
+#include <test/jtx.h>
+#include <test/jtx/Env.h>
+
+#include <xrpld/nodestore/NodeObject.h>
+#include <xrpld/overlay/Message.h>
+#include <xrpld/overlay/detail/OverlayImpl.h>
+#include <xrpld/overlay/detail/PeerImp.h>
+#include <xrpld/overlay/detail/Tuning.h>
+#include <xrpld/peerfinder/detail/SlotImp.h>
+
+#include <xrpl/basics/make_SSLContext.h>
+#include <xrpl/beast/unit_test.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/digest.h>
+#include <xrpl/protocol/messages.h>
+
+namespace ripple {
+namespace test {
+
+using namespace jtx;
+
+/**
+ * Test for TMGetObjectByHash reply size limiting.
+ *
+ * This verifies the fix that limits TMGetObjectByHash replies to
+ * Tuning::hardMaxReplyNodes to prevent excessive memory usage and
+ * potential DoS attacks from peers requesting large numbers of objects.
+ */
+class TMGetObjectByHash_test : public beast::unit_test::suite
+{
+    using middle_type = boost::beast::tcp_stream;
+    using stream_type = boost::beast::ssl_stream<middle_type>;
+    using socket_type = boost::asio::ip::tcp::socket;
+    using shared_context = std::shared_ptr<boost::asio::ssl::context>;
+    /**
+     * Test peer that captures sent messages for verification.
+     */
+    class PeerTest : public PeerImp
+    {
+    public:
+        PeerTest(
+            Application& app,
+            std::shared_ptr<PeerFinder::Slot> const& slot,
+            http_request_type&& request,
+            PublicKey const& publicKey,
+            ProtocolVersion protocol,
+            Resource::Consumer consumer,
+            std::unique_ptr<TMGetObjectByHash_test::stream_type>&& stream_ptr,
+            OverlayImpl& overlay)
+            : PeerImp(
+                  app,
+                  id_++,
+                  slot,
+                  std::move(request),
+                  publicKey,
+                  protocol,
+                  consumer,
+                  std::move(stream_ptr),
+                  overlay)
+        {
+        }
+
+        ~PeerTest() = default;
+
+        void
+        run() override
+        {
+        }
+
+        void
+        send(std::shared_ptr<Message> const& m) override
+        {
+            lastSentMessage_ = m;
+        }
+
+        std::shared_ptr<Message>
+        getLastSentMessage() const
+        {
+            return lastSentMessage_;
+        }
+
+        static void
+        resetId()
+        {
+            id_ = 0;
+        }
+
+    private:
+        inline static Peer::id_t id_ = 0;
+        std::shared_ptr<Message> lastSentMessage_;
+    };
+
+    shared_context context_{make_SSLContext("")};
+    ProtocolVersion protocolVersion_{1, 7};
+
+    std::shared_ptr<PeerTest>
+    createPeer(jtx::Env& env)
+    {
+        auto& overlay = dynamic_cast<OverlayImpl&>(env.app().overlay());
+        boost::beast::http::request<boost::beast::http::dynamic_body> request;
+        auto stream_ptr = std::make_unique<stream_type>(
+            socket_type(env.app().getIOService()), *context_);
+
+        beast::IP::Endpoint local(
+            boost::asio::ip::make_address("172.1.1.1"), 51235);
+        beast::IP::Endpoint remote(
+            boost::asio::ip::make_address("172.1.1.2"), 51235);
+
+        PublicKey key(std::get<0>(randomKeyPair(KeyType::ed25519)));
+        auto consumer = overlay.resourceManager().newInboundEndpoint(remote);
+        auto [slot, _] = overlay.peerFinder().new_inbound_slot(local, remote);
+
+        auto peer = std::make_shared<PeerTest>(
+            env.app(),
+            slot,
+            std::move(request),
+            key,
+            protocolVersion_,
+            consumer,
+            std::move(stream_ptr),
+            overlay);
+
+        overlay.add_active(peer);
+        return peer;
+    }
+
+    std::shared_ptr<protocol::TMGetObjectByHash>
+    createRequest(size_t const numObjects, Env& env)
+    {
+        // Store objects in the NodeStore that will be found during the query
+        auto& nodeStore = env.app().getNodeStore();
+
+        // Create and store objects
+        std::vector<uint256> hashes;
+        hashes.reserve(numObjects);
+        for (int i = 0; i < numObjects; ++i)
+        {
+            uint256 hash(ripple::sha512Half(i));
+            hashes.push_back(hash);
+
+            Blob data(100, static_cast<unsigned char>(i % 256));
+            nodeStore.store(
+                hotLEDGER,
+                std::move(data),
+                hash,
+                nodeStore.earliestLedgerSeq());
+        }
+
+        // Create a request with more objects than hardMaxReplyNodes
+        auto request = std::make_shared<protocol::TMGetObjectByHash>();
+        request->set_type(protocol::TMGetObjectByHash_ObjectType_otLEDGER);
+        request->set_query(true);
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < numObjects; ++i)
+        {
+            auto object = request->add_objects();
+            object->set_hash(hashes[i].data(), hashes[i].size());
+            object->set_ledgerseq(i);
+        }
+        return request;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test that reply is limited to hardMaxReplyNodes when more objects
+     * are requested than the limit allows.
+     */
+    void
+    testReplyLimit(size_t const numObjects, int const expectedReplySize)
+    {
+        testcase("Reply Limit");
+
+        Env env(*this);
+        PeerTest::resetId();
+
+        auto peer = createPeer(env);
+
+        auto request = createRequest(numObjects, env);
+        // Call the onMessage handler
+        peer->onMessage(request);
+
+        // Verify that a reply was sent
+        auto sentMessage = peer->getLastSentMessage();
+        BEAST_EXPECT(sentMessage != nullptr);
+
+        // Parse the reply message
+        auto const& buffer =
+            sentMessage->getBuffer(compression::Compressed::Off);
+
+        BEAST_EXPECT(buffer.size() > 6);
+        // Skip the message header (6 bytes: 4 for size, 2 for type)
+        protocol::TMGetObjectByHash reply;
+        BEAST_EXPECT(
+            reply.ParseFromArray(buffer.data() + 6, buffer.size() - 6) == true);
+
+        // Verify the reply is limited to expectedReplySize
+        BEAST_EXPECT(reply.objects_size() == expectedReplySize);
+    }
+
+    void
+    run() override
+    {
+        int const limit = static_cast<int>(Tuning::hardMaxReplyNodes);
+        testReplyLimit(limit + 1, limit);
+        testReplyLimit(limit, limit);
+        testReplyLimit(limit - 1, limit - 1);
+    }
+};
+
+BEAST_DEFINE_TESTSUITE(TMGetObjectByHash, overlay, xrpl);
+
+}  // namespace test
+}  // namespace ripple
diff --git a/src/xrpld/overlay/detail/PeerImp.cpp b/src/xrpld/overlay/detail/PeerImp.cpp
index eef199fa35..8e33de12b2 100644
--- a/src/xrpld/overlay/detail/PeerImp.cpp
+++ b/src/xrpld/overlay/detail/PeerImp.cpp
@@ -1272,8 +1272,8 @@ PeerImp::handleTransaction(
     {
         // If we've never been in synch, there's nothing we can do
         // with a transaction
-        JLOG(p_journal_.debug()) << "Ignoring incoming transaction: "
-                                 << "Need network ledger";
+        JLOG(p_journal_.debug())
+            << "Ignoring incoming transaction: Need network ledger";
         return;
     }
 
@@ -2551,6 +2551,16 @@ PeerImp::onMessage(std::shared_ptr<protocol::TMGetObjectByHash> const& m)
                         newObj.set_ledgerseq(obj.ledgerseq());
 
                     // VFALCO NOTE "seq" in the message is obsolete
+
+                    // Check if by adding this object, reply has reached its
+                    // limit
+                    if (reply.objects_size() >= Tuning::hardMaxReplyNodes)
+                    {
+                        fee_.update(
+                            Resource::feeModerateBurdenPeer,
+                            " Reply limit reached. Truncating reply.");
+                        break;
+                    }
                 }
             }
         }