New command line LedgerTool. (RIPD-243)

* Retrieve and process summary or full ledgers.
* Search using arbitrary criteria (any Python function).
* Search using arbitrary formats (any Python function).
* Caches ledgers as .gz files to avoid repeated server requests.
* Handles ledger numbers, ranges, and special names like validated or closed.

bin/LedgerTool.py

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals
+
+from ripple.ledger import Server
+from ripple.ledger.Args import ARGS
+from ripple.util.CommandList import CommandList
+
+from ripple.ledger.commands import Info, Print
+
+_COMMANDS = CommandList(Info, Print)
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    server = Server.Server()
+    args = list(ARGS.command)
+    _COMMANDS.run_safe(args.pop(0), server, *args)

bin/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+Unit Tests
+==========
+
+To run the Python unit tests, execute:
+
+     python -m unittest discover
+
+from this directory.

bin/decorator.py

@@ -0,0 +1,251 @@
+##########################     LICENCE     ###############################
+
+# Copyright (c) 2005-2012, Michele Simionato
+# All rights reserved.
+
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+
+#   Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 
+#   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#   Redistributions in bytecode form must reproduce the above copyright
+#   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
+#   the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+#   distribution. 
+
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# HOLDERS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
+# INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
+# BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS
+# OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
+# ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR
+# TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE
+# USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
+# DAMAGE.
+
+"""
+Decorator module, see http://pypi.python.org/pypi/decorator
+for the documentation.
+"""
+
+__version__ = '3.4.0'
+
+__all__ = ["decorator", "FunctionMaker", "contextmanager"]
+
+import sys, re, inspect
+if sys.version >= '3':
+    from inspect import getfullargspec
+    def get_init(cls):
+        return cls.__init__
+else:
+    class getfullargspec(object):
+        "A quick and dirty replacement for getfullargspec for Python 2.X"
+        def __init__(self, f):
+            self.args, self.varargs, self.varkw, self.defaults = \
+                inspect.getargspec(f)
+            self.kwonlyargs = []
+            self.kwonlydefaults = None
+        def __iter__(self):
+            yield self.args
+            yield self.varargs
+            yield self.varkw
+            yield self.defaults
+    def get_init(cls):
+        return cls.__init__.im_func
+
+DEF = re.compile('\s*def\s*([_\w][_\w\d]*)\s*\(')
+
+# basic functionality
+class FunctionMaker(object):
+    """
+    An object with the ability to create functions with a given signature.
+    It has attributes name, doc, module, signature, defaults, dict and
+    methods update and make.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, func=None, name=None, signature=None,
+                 defaults=None, doc=None, module=None, funcdict=None):
+        self.shortsignature = signature
+        if func:
+            # func can be a class or a callable, but not an instance method
+            self.name = func.__name__
+            if self.name == '<lambda>': # small hack for lambda functions
+                self.name = '_lambda_' 
+            self.doc = func.__doc__
+            self.module = func.__module__
+            if inspect.isfunction(func):
+                argspec = getfullargspec(func)
+                self.annotations = getattr(func, '__annotations__', {})
+                for a in ('args', 'varargs', 'varkw', 'defaults', 'kwonlyargs',
+                          'kwonlydefaults'):
+                    setattr(self, a, getattr(argspec, a))
+                for i, arg in enumerate(self.args):
+                    setattr(self, 'arg%d' % i, arg)
+                if sys.version < '3': # easy way
+                    self.shortsignature = self.signature = \
+                        inspect.formatargspec(
+                        formatvalue=lambda val: "", *argspec)[1:-1]
+                else: # Python 3 way
+                    allargs = list(self.args)
+                    allshortargs = list(self.args)
+                    if self.varargs:
+                        allargs.append('*' + self.varargs)
+                        allshortargs.append('*' + self.varargs)
+                    elif self.kwonlyargs:
+                        allargs.append('*') # single star syntax
+                    for a in self.kwonlyargs:
+                        allargs.append('%s=None' % a)
+                        allshortargs.append('%s=%s' % (a, a))
+                    if self.varkw:
+                        allargs.append('**' + self.varkw)
+                        allshortargs.append('**' + self.varkw)
+                    self.signature = ', '.join(allargs)
+                    self.shortsignature = ', '.join(allshortargs)
+                self.dict = func.__dict__.copy()
+        # func=None happens when decorating a caller
+        if name:
+            self.name = name
+        if signature is not None:
+            self.signature = signature
+        if defaults:
+            self.defaults = defaults
+        if doc:
+            self.doc = doc
+        if module:
+            self.module = module
+        if funcdict:
+            self.dict = funcdict
+        # check existence required attributes
+        assert hasattr(self, 'name')
+        if not hasattr(self, 'signature'):
+            raise TypeError('You are decorating a non function: %s' % func)
+
+    def update(self, func, **kw):
+        "Update the signature of func with the data in self"
+        func.__name__ = self.name
+        func.__doc__ = getattr(self, 'doc', None)
+        func.__dict__ = getattr(self, 'dict', {})
+        func.func_defaults = getattr(self, 'defaults', ())
+        func.__kwdefaults__ = getattr(self, 'kwonlydefaults', None)
+        func.__annotations__ = getattr(self, 'annotations', None)
+        callermodule = sys._getframe(3).f_globals.get('__name__', '?')
+        func.__module__ = getattr(self, 'module', callermodule)
+        func.__dict__.update(kw)
+
+    def make(self, src_templ, evaldict=None, addsource=False, **attrs):
+        "Make a new function from a given template and update the signature"
+        src = src_templ % vars(self) # expand name and signature
+        evaldict = evaldict or {}
+        mo = DEF.match(src)
+        if mo is None:
+            raise SyntaxError('not a valid function template\n%s' % src)
+        name = mo.group(1) # extract the function name
+        names = set([name] + [arg.strip(' *') for arg in 
+                             self.shortsignature.split(',')])
+        for n in names:
+            if n in ('_func_', '_call_'):
+                raise NameError('%s is overridden in\n%s' % (n, src))
+        if not src.endswith('\n'): # add a newline just for safety
+            src += '\n' # this is needed in old versions of Python
+        try:
+            code = compile(src, '<string>', 'single')
+            # print >> sys.stderr, 'Compiling %s' % src
+            exec code in evaldict
+        except:
+            print >> sys.stderr, 'Error in generated code:'
+            print >> sys.stderr, src
+            raise
+        func = evaldict[name]
+        if addsource:
+            attrs['__source__'] = src
+        self.update(func, **attrs)
+        return func
+
+    @classmethod
+    def create(cls, obj, body, evaldict, defaults=None,
+               doc=None, module=None, addsource=True, **attrs):
+        """
+        Create a function from the strings name, signature and body.
+        evaldict is the evaluation dictionary. If addsource is true an attribute
+        __source__ is added to the result. The attributes attrs are added,
+        if any.
+        """
+        if isinstance(obj, str): # "name(signature)"
+            name, rest = obj.strip().split('(', 1)
+            signature = rest[:-1] #strip a right parens            
+            func = None
+        else: # a function
+            name = None
+            signature = None
+            func = obj
+        self = cls(func, name, signature, defaults, doc, module)
+        ibody = '\n'.join('    ' + line for line in body.splitlines())
+        return self.make('def %(name)s(%(signature)s):\n' + ibody, 
+                        evaldict, addsource, **attrs)
+  
+def decorator(caller, func=None):
+    """
+    decorator(caller) converts a caller function into a decorator;
+    decorator(caller, func) decorates a function using a caller.
+    """
+    if func is not None: # returns a decorated function
+        evaldict = func.func_globals.copy()
+        evaldict['_call_'] = caller
+        evaldict['_func_'] = func
+        return FunctionMaker.create(
+            func, "return _call_(_func_, %(shortsignature)s)",
+            evaldict, undecorated=func, __wrapped__=func)
+    else: # returns a decorator
+        if inspect.isclass(caller):
+            name = caller.__name__.lower()
+            callerfunc = get_init(caller)
+            doc = 'decorator(%s) converts functions/generators into ' \
+                'factories of %s objects' % (caller.__name__, caller.__name__)
+            fun = getfullargspec(callerfunc).args[1] # second arg
+        elif inspect.isfunction(caller):
+            name = '_lambda_' if caller.__name__ == '<lambda>' \
+                else caller.__name__
+            callerfunc = caller
+            doc = caller.__doc__
+            fun = getfullargspec(callerfunc).args[0] # first arg
+        else: # assume caller is an object with a __call__ method
+            name = caller.__class__.__name__.lower()
+            callerfunc = caller.__call__.im_func
+            doc = caller.__call__.__doc__
+            fun = getfullargspec(callerfunc).args[1] # second arg
+        evaldict = callerfunc.func_globals.copy()
+        evaldict['_call_'] = caller
+        evaldict['decorator'] = decorator
+        return FunctionMaker.create(
+            '%s(%s)' % (name, fun), 
+            'return decorator(_call_, %s)' % fun,
+            evaldict, undecorated=caller, __wrapped__=caller,
+            doc=doc, module=caller.__module__)
+
+######################### contextmanager ########################
+
+def __call__(self, func):
+    'Context manager decorator'
+    return FunctionMaker.create(
+        func, "with _self_: return _func_(%(shortsignature)s)",
+        dict(_self_=self, _func_=func), __wrapped__=func)
+
+try: # Python >= 3.2
+
+    from contextlib import _GeneratorContextManager 
+    ContextManager = type(
+        'ContextManager', (_GeneratorContextManager,), dict(__call__=__call__))
+
+except ImportError: # Python >= 2.5
+
+    from contextlib import GeneratorContextManager
+    def __init__(self, f, *a, **k):
+        return GeneratorContextManager.__init__(self, f(*a, **k))
+    ContextManager = type(
+        'ContextManager', (GeneratorContextManager,), 
+        dict(__call__=__call__, __init__=__init__))
+    
+contextmanager = decorator(ContextManager)

bin/jsonpath_rw/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+from .jsonpath import *
+from .parser import parse
+
+__version__ = '1.3.0'

bin/jsonpath_rw/jsonpath.py

@@ -0,0 +1,510 @@
+from __future__ import unicode_literals, print_function, absolute_import, division, generators, nested_scopes
+import logging
+import six
+from six.moves import xrange
+from itertools import *
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+# Turn on/off the automatic creation of id attributes
+# ... could be a kwarg pervasively but uses are rare and simple today
+auto_id_field = None
+
+class JSONPath(object):
+    """
+    The base class for JSONPath abstract syntax; those
+    methods stubbed here are the interface to supported 
+    JSONPath semantics.
+    """
+
+    def find(self, data):
+        """
+        All `JSONPath` types support `find()`, which returns an iterable of `DatumInContext`s.
+        They keep track of the path followed to the current location, so if the calling code
+        has some opinion about that, it can be passed in here as a starting point.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def update(self, data, val):
+        "Returns `data` with the specified path replaced by `val`"
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def child(self, child):
+        """
+        Equivalent to Child(self, next) but with some canonicalization
+        """
+        if isinstance(self, This) or isinstance(self, Root):
+            return child
+        elif isinstance(child, This):
+            return self
+        elif isinstance(child, Root):
+            return child
+        else:
+            return Child(self, child)
+
+    def make_datum(self, value):
+        if isinstance(value, DatumInContext):
+            return value
+        else:
+            return DatumInContext(value, path=Root(), context=None)
+
+class DatumInContext(object):
+    """
+    Represents a datum along a path from a context.
+
+    Essentially a zipper but with a structure represented by JsonPath, 
+    and where the context is more of a parent pointer than a proper 
+    representation of the context.
+
+    For quick-and-dirty work, this proxies any non-special attributes
+    to the underlying datum, but the actual datum can (and usually should)
+    be retrieved via the `value` attribute.
+
+    To place `datum` within another, use `datum.in_context(context=..., path=...)`
+    which extends the path. If the datum already has a context, it places the entire
+    context within that passed in, so an object can be built from the inside
+    out.
+    """
+    @classmethod
+    def wrap(cls, data):
+        if isinstance(data, cls):
+            return data
+        else:
+            return cls(data)
+
+    def __init__(self, value, path=None, context=None):
+        self.value = value
+        self.path = path or This()
+        self.context = None if context is None else DatumInContext.wrap(context)
+
+    def in_context(self, context, path):
+        context = DatumInContext.wrap(context)
+
+        if self.context:
+            return DatumInContext(value=self.value, path=self.path, context=context.in_context(path=path, context=context))
+        else:
+            return DatumInContext(value=self.value, path=path, context=context)
+
+    @property
+    def full_path(self):
+        return self.path if self.context is None else self.context.full_path.child(self.path)
+
+    @property
+    def id_pseudopath(self):
+        """
+        Looks like a path, but with ids stuck in when available
+        """
+        try:
+            pseudopath = Fields(str(self.value[auto_id_field]))
+        except (TypeError, AttributeError, KeyError): # This may not be all the interesting exceptions
+            pseudopath = self.path
+
+        if self.context:
+            return self.context.id_pseudopath.child(pseudopath)
+        else:
+            return pseudopath
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return '%s(value=%r, path=%r, context=%r)' % (self.__class__.__name__, self.value, self.path, self.context)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return isinstance(other, DatumInContext) and other.value == self.value and other.path == self.path and self.context == other.context
+
+class AutoIdForDatum(DatumInContext):
+    """
+    This behaves like a DatumInContext, but the value is
+    always the path leading up to it, not including the "id",
+    and with any "id" fields along the way replacing the prior 
+    segment of the path
+
+    For example, it will make "foo.bar.id" return a datum
+    that behaves like DatumInContext(value="foo.bar", path="foo.bar.id").
+
+    This is disabled by default; it can be turned on by
+    settings the `auto_id_field` global to a value other
+    than `None`. 
+    """
+    
+    def __init__(self, datum, id_field=None):
+        """
+        Invariant is that datum.path is the path from context to datum. The auto id
+        will either be the id in the datum (if present) or the id of the context
+        followed by the path to the datum.
+
+        The path to this datum is always the path to the context, the path to the
+        datum, and then the auto id field.
+        """
+        self.datum = datum
+        self.id_field = id_field or auto_id_field
+
+    @property
+    def value(self):
+        return str(self.datum.id_pseudopath)
+
+    @property
+    def path(self):
+        return self.id_field
+
+    @property
+    def context(self):
+        return self.datum
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return '%s(%r)' % (self.__class__.__name__, self.datum)
+
+    def in_context(self, context, path):
+        return AutoIdForDatum(self.datum.in_context(context=context, path=path))
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return isinstance(other, AutoIdForDatum) and other.datum == self.datum and self.id_field == other.id_field
+
+
+class Root(JSONPath):
+    """
+    The JSONPath referring to the "root" object. Concrete syntax is '$'.
+    The root is the topmost datum without any context attached.
+    """
+
+    def find(self, data):
+        if not isinstance(data, DatumInContext):
+            return [DatumInContext(data, path=Root(), context=None)]
+        else:
+            if data.context is None:
+                return [DatumInContext(data.value, context=None, path=Root())]
+            else:
+                return Root().find(data.context)
+
+    def update(self, data, val):
+        return val
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return '$'
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return 'Root()'
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return isinstance(other, Root)
+
+class This(JSONPath):
+    """
+    The JSONPath referring to the current datum. Concrete syntax is '@'.
+    """
+
+    def find(self, datum):
+        return [DatumInContext.wrap(datum)]
+
+    def update(self, data, val):
+        return val
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return '`this`'
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return 'This()'
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return isinstance(other, This)
+
+class Child(JSONPath):
+    """
+    JSONPath that first matches the left, then the right.
+    Concrete syntax is <left> '.' <right>
+    """
+    
+    def __init__(self, left, right):
+        self.left = left
+        self.right = right
+
+    def find(self, datum):
+        """
+        Extra special case: auto ids do not have children,
+        so cut it off right now rather than auto id the auto id
+        """
+        
+        return [submatch
+                for subdata in self.left.find(datum)
+                if not isinstance(subdata, AutoIdForDatum)
+                for submatch in self.right.find(subdata)]
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return isinstance(other, Child) and self.left == other.left and self.right == other.right
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return '%s.%s' % (self.left, self.right)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return '%s(%r, %r)' % (self.__class__.__name__, self.left, self.right)
+
+class Parent(JSONPath):
+    """
+    JSONPath that matches the parent node of the current match.
+    Will crash if no such parent exists.
+    Available via named operator `parent`.
+    """
+
+    def find(self, datum):
+        datum = DatumInContext.wrap(datum)
+        return [datum.context]
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return isinstance(other, Parent)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return '`parent`'
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return 'Parent()'
+        
+
+class Where(JSONPath):
+    """
+    JSONPath that first matches the left, and then
+    filters for only those nodes that have
+    a match on the right.
+
+    WARNING: Subject to change. May want to have "contains"
+    or some other better word for it.
+    """
+    
+    def __init__(self, left, right):
+        self.left = left
+        self.right = right
+
+    def find(self, data):
+        return [subdata for subdata in self.left.find(data) if self.right.find(data)]
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return '%s where %s' % (self.left, self.right)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return isinstance(other, Where) and other.left == self.left and other.right == self.right
+
+class Descendants(JSONPath):
+    """
+    JSONPath that matches first the left expression then any descendant
+    of it which matches the right expression.
+    """
+    
+    def __init__(self, left, right):
+        self.left = left
+        self.right = right
+
+    def find(self, datum):
+        # <left> .. <right> ==> <left> . (<right> | *..<right> | [*]..<right>)
+        #
+        # With with a wonky caveat that since Slice() has funky coercions
+        # we cannot just delegate to that equivalence or we'll hit an 
+        # infinite loop. So right here we implement the coercion-free version.
+
+        # Get all left matches into a list
+        left_matches = self.left.find(datum)
+        if not isinstance(left_matches, list):
+            left_matches = [left_matches]
+
+        def match_recursively(datum):
+            right_matches = self.right.find(datum)
+
+            # Manually do the * or [*] to avoid coercion and recurse just the right-hand pattern
+            if isinstance(datum.value, list):
+                recursive_matches = [submatch
+                                     for i in range(0, len(datum.value))
+                                     for submatch in match_recursively(DatumInContext(datum.value[i], context=datum, path=Index(i)))]
+
+            elif isinstance(datum.value, dict):
+                recursive_matches = [submatch
+                                     for field in datum.value.keys()
+                                     for submatch in match_recursively(DatumInContext(datum.value[field], context=datum, path=Fields(field)))]
+
+            else:
+                recursive_matches = []
+
+            return right_matches + list(recursive_matches)
+                
+        # TODO: repeatable iterator instead of list?
+        return [submatch
+                for left_match in left_matches
+                for submatch in match_recursively(left_match)]
+            
+    def is_singular():
+        return False
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return '%s..%s' % (self.left, self.right)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return isinstance(other, Descendants) and self.left == other.left and self.right == other.right
+
+class Union(JSONPath):
+    """
+    JSONPath that returns the union of the results of each match.
+    This is pretty shoddily implemented for now. The nicest semantics
+    in case of mismatched bits (list vs atomic) is to put
+    them all in a list, but I haven't done that yet.
+
+    WARNING: Any appearance of this being the _concatenation_ is
+    coincidence. It may even be a bug! (or laziness)
+    """
+    def __init__(self, left, right):
+        self.left = left
+        self.right = right
+
+    def is_singular(self):
+        return False
+
+    def find(self, data):
+        return self.left.find(data) + self.right.find(data)
+
+class Intersect(JSONPath):
+    """
+    JSONPath for bits that match *both* patterns.
+
+    This can be accomplished a couple of ways. The most
+    efficient is to actually build the intersected
+    AST as in building a state machine for matching the
+    intersection of regular languages. The next
+    idea is to build a filtered data and match against
+    that.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, left, right):
+        self.left = left
+        self.right = right
+
+    def is_singular(self):
+        return False
+
+    def find(self, data):
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+class Fields(JSONPath):
+    """
+    JSONPath referring to some field of the current object.
+    Concrete syntax ix comma-separated field names.
+
+    WARNING: If '*' is any of the field names, then they will
+    all be returned.
+    """
+    
+    def __init__(self, *fields):
+        self.fields = fields
+
+    def get_field_datum(self, datum, field):
+        if field == auto_id_field:
+            return AutoIdForDatum(datum)
+        else:
+            try:
+                field_value = datum.value[field] # Do NOT use `val.get(field)` since that confuses None as a value and None due to `get`
+                return DatumInContext(value=field_value, path=Fields(field), context=datum)
+            except (TypeError, KeyError, AttributeError):
+                return None
+
+    def reified_fields(self, datum):
+        if '*' not in self.fields:
+            return self.fields
+        else:
+            try:
+                fields = tuple(datum.value.keys())
+                return fields if auto_id_field is None else fields + (auto_id_field,)
+            except AttributeError:
+                return ()
+
+    def find(self, datum):
+        datum  = DatumInContext.wrap(datum)
+        
+        return  [field_datum
+                 for field_datum in [self.get_field_datum(datum, field) for field in self.reified_fields(datum)]
+                 if field_datum is not None]
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return ','.join(self.fields)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return '%s(%s)' % (self.__class__.__name__, ','.join(map(repr, self.fields)))
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return isinstance(other, Fields) and tuple(self.fields) == tuple(other.fields)
+
+
+class Index(JSONPath):
+    """
+    JSONPath that matches indices of the current datum, or none if not large enough.
+    Concrete syntax is brackets. 
+
+    WARNING: If the datum is not long enough, it will not crash but will not match anything.
+    NOTE: For the concrete syntax of `[*]`, the abstract syntax is a Slice() with no parameters (equiv to `[:]`
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, index):
+        self.index = index
+
+    def find(self, datum):
+        datum = DatumInContext.wrap(datum)
+        
+        if len(datum.value) > self.index:
+            return [DatumInContext(datum.value[self.index], path=self, context=datum)]
+        else:
+            return []
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return isinstance(other, Index) and self.index == other.index
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return '[%i]' % self.index
+
+class Slice(JSONPath):
+    """
+    JSONPath matching a slice of an array. 
+
+    Because of a mismatch between JSON and XML when schema-unaware,
+    this always returns an iterable; if the incoming data
+    was not a list, then it returns a one element list _containing_ that
+    data.
+
+    Consider these two docs, and their schema-unaware translation to JSON:
+    
+    <a><b>hello</b></a> ==> {"a": {"b": "hello"}}
+    <a><b>hello</b><b>goodbye</b></a> ==> {"a": {"b": ["hello", "goodbye"]}}
+
+    If there were a schema, it would be known that "b" should always be an
+    array (unless the schema were wonky, but that is too much to fix here)
+    so when querying with JSON if the one writing the JSON knows that it
+    should be an array, they can write a slice operator and it will coerce
+    a non-array value to an array.
+
+    This may be a bit unfortunate because it would be nice to always have
+    an iterator, but dictionaries and other objects may also be iterable,
+    so this is the compromise.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, start=None, end=None, step=None):
+        self.start = start
+        self.end = end
+        self.step = step
+    
+    def find(self, datum):
+        datum = DatumInContext.wrap(datum)
+        
+        # Here's the hack. If it is a dictionary or some kind of constant,
+        # put it in a single-element list
+        if (isinstance(datum.value, dict) or isinstance(datum.value, six.integer_types) or isinstance(datum.value, six.string_types)):
+            return self.find(DatumInContext([datum.value], path=datum.path, context=datum.context))
+
+        # Some iterators do not support slicing but we can still
+        # at least work for '*'
+        if self.start == None and self.end == None and self.step == None:
+            return [DatumInContext(datum.value[i], path=Index(i), context=datum) for i in xrange(0, len(datum.value))]
+        else:
+            return [DatumInContext(datum.value[i], path=Index(i), context=datum) for i in range(0, len(datum.value))[self.start:self.end:self.step]]
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        if self.start == None and self.end == None and self.step == None:
+            return '[*]'
+        else:
+            return '[%s%s%s]' % (self.start or '', 
+                                   ':%d'%self.end if self.end else '',
+                                   ':%d'%self.step if self.step else '')
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return '%s(start=%r,end=%r,step=%r)' % (self.__class__.__name__, self.start, self.end, self.step)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return isinstance(other, Slice) and other.start == self.start and self.end == other.end and other.step == self.step

bin/jsonpath_rw/lexer.py

@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+from __future__ import unicode_literals, print_function, absolute_import, division, generators, nested_scopes
+import sys
+import logging
+
+import ply.lex
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+class JsonPathLexerError(Exception):
+    pass
+
+class JsonPathLexer(object):
+    '''
+    A Lexical analyzer for JsonPath.
+    '''
+
+    def __init__(self, debug=False):
+        self.debug = debug
+        if self.__doc__ == None:
+            raise JsonPathLexerError('Docstrings have been removed! By design of PLY, jsonpath-rw requires docstrings. You must not use PYTHONOPTIMIZE=2 or python -OO.')
+
+    def tokenize(self, string):
+        '''
+        Maps a string to an iterator over tokens. In other words: [char] -> [token]
+        '''
+
+        new_lexer = ply.lex.lex(module=self, debug=self.debug, errorlog=logger)
+        new_lexer.latest_newline = 0
+        new_lexer.string_value = None
+        new_lexer.input(string)
+
+        while True:
+            t = new_lexer.token()
+            if t is None: break
+            t.col = t.lexpos - new_lexer.latest_newline
+            yield t
+
+        if new_lexer.string_value is not None:
+            raise JsonPathLexerError('Unexpected EOF in string literal or identifier')
+
+    # ============== PLY Lexer specification ==================
+    #
+    # This probably should be private but:
+    #   - the parser requires access to `tokens` (perhaps they should be defined in a third, shared dependency)
+    #   - things like `literals` might be a legitimate part of the public interface.
+    #
+    # Anyhow, it is pythonic to give some rope to hang oneself with :-)
+
+    literals = ['*', '.', '[', ']', '(', ')', '$', ',', ':', '|', '&']
+
+    reserved_words = { 'where': 'WHERE' }
+
+    tokens = ['DOUBLEDOT', 'NUMBER', 'ID', 'NAMED_OPERATOR'] + list(reserved_words.values())
+
+    states = [ ('singlequote', 'exclusive'),
+               ('doublequote', 'exclusive'),
+               ('backquote', 'exclusive') ]
+
+    # Normal lexing, rather easy
+    t_DOUBLEDOT = r'\.\.'
+    t_ignore = ' \t'
+
+    def t_ID(self, t):
+        r'[a-zA-Z_@][a-zA-Z0-9_@\-]*'
+        t.type = self.reserved_words.get(t.value, 'ID')
+        return t
+
+    def t_NUMBER(self, t):
+        r'-?\d+'
+        t.value = int(t.value)
+        return t
+
+
+    # Single-quoted strings
+    t_singlequote_ignore = ''
+    def t_singlequote(self, t):
+        r"'"
+        t.lexer.string_start = t.lexer.lexpos
+        t.lexer.string_value = ''
+        t.lexer.push_state('singlequote')
+
+    def t_singlequote_content(self, t):
+        r"[^'\\]+"
+        t.lexer.string_value += t.value
+
+    def t_singlequote_escape(self, t):
+        r'\\.'
+        t.lexer.string_value += t.value[1]
+
+    def t_singlequote_end(self, t):
+        r"'"
+        t.value = t.lexer.string_value
+        t.type = 'ID'
+        t.lexer.string_value = None
+        t.lexer.pop_state()
+        return t
+
+    def t_singlequote_error(self, t):
+        raise JsonPathLexerError('Error on line %s, col %s while lexing singlequoted field: Unexpected character: %s ' % (t.lexer.lineno, t.lexpos - t.lexer.latest_newline, t.value[0]))
+
+
+    # Double-quoted strings
+    t_doublequote_ignore = ''
+    def t_doublequote(self, t):
+        r'"'
+        t.lexer.string_start = t.lexer.lexpos
+        t.lexer.string_value = ''
+        t.lexer.push_state('doublequote')
+
+    def t_doublequote_content(self, t):
+        r'[^"\\]+'
+        t.lexer.string_value += t.value
+
+    def t_doublequote_escape(self, t):
+        r'\\.'
+        t.lexer.string_value += t.value[1]
+
+    def t_doublequote_end(self, t):
+        r'"'
+        t.value = t.lexer.string_value
+        t.type = 'ID'
+        t.lexer.string_value = None
+        t.lexer.pop_state()
+        return t
+
+    def t_doublequote_error(self, t):
+        raise JsonPathLexerError('Error on line %s, col %s while lexing doublequoted field: Unexpected character: %s ' % (t.lexer.lineno, t.lexpos - t.lexer.latest_newline, t.value[0]))
+
+
+    # Back-quoted "magic" operators
+    t_backquote_ignore = ''
+    def t_backquote(self, t):
+        r'`'
+        t.lexer.string_start = t.lexer.lexpos
+        t.lexer.string_value = ''
+        t.lexer.push_state('backquote')
+
+    def t_backquote_escape(self, t):
+        r'\\.'
+        t.lexer.string_value += t.value[1]
+
+    def t_backquote_content(self, t):
+        r"[^`\\]+"
+        t.lexer.string_value += t.value
+
+    def t_backquote_end(self, t):
+        r'`'
+        t.value = t.lexer.string_value
+        t.type = 'NAMED_OPERATOR'
+        t.lexer.string_value = None
+        t.lexer.pop_state()
+        return t
+
+    def t_backquote_error(self, t):
+        raise JsonPathLexerError('Error on line %s, col %s while lexing backquoted operator: Unexpected character: %s ' % (t.lexer.lineno, t.lexpos - t.lexer.latest_newline, t.value[0]))
+
+
+    # Counting lines, handling errors
+    def t_newline(self, t):
+        r'\n'
+        t.lexer.lineno += 1
+        t.lexer.latest_newline = t.lexpos
+
+    def t_error(self, t):
+        raise JsonPathLexerError('Error on line %s, col %s: Unexpected character: %s ' % (t.lexer.lineno, t.lexpos - t.lexer.latest_newline, t.value[0]))
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    logging.basicConfig()
+    lexer = JsonPathLexer(debug=True)
+    for token in lexer.tokenize(sys.stdin.read()):
+        print('%-20s%s' % (token.value, token.type))

bin/jsonpath_rw/parser.py

@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+from __future__ import print_function, absolute_import, division, generators, nested_scopes
+import sys
+import os.path
+import logging
+
+import ply.yacc
+
+from jsonpath_rw.jsonpath import *
+from jsonpath_rw.lexer import JsonPathLexer
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+def parse(string):
+    return JsonPathParser().parse(string)
+
+class JsonPathParser(object):
+    '''
+    An LALR-parser for JsonPath
+    '''
+    
+    tokens = JsonPathLexer.tokens
+
+    def __init__(self, debug=False, lexer_class=None):
+        if self.__doc__ == None:
+            raise Exception('Docstrings have been removed! By design of PLY, jsonpath-rw requires docstrings. You must not use PYTHONOPTIMIZE=2 or python -OO.')
+
+        self.debug = debug
+        self.lexer_class = lexer_class or JsonPathLexer # Crufty but works around statefulness in PLY
+
+    def parse(self, string, lexer = None):
+        lexer = lexer or self.lexer_class()
+        return self.parse_token_stream(lexer.tokenize(string))
+
+    def parse_token_stream(self, token_iterator, start_symbol='jsonpath'):
+
+        # Since PLY has some crufty aspects and dumps files, we try to keep them local
+        # However, we need to derive the name of the output Python file :-/
+        output_directory = os.path.dirname(__file__)
+        try:
+            module_name = os.path.splitext(os.path.split(__file__)[1])[0]
+        except:
+            module_name = __name__
+        
+        parsing_table_module = '_'.join([module_name, start_symbol, 'parsetab'])
+
+        # And we regenerate the parse table every time; it doesn't actually take that long!
+        new_parser = ply.yacc.yacc(module=self,
+                                   debug=self.debug,
+                                   tabmodule = parsing_table_module,
+                                   outputdir = output_directory,
+                                   write_tables=0,
+                                   start = start_symbol,
+                                   errorlog = logger)
+
+        return new_parser.parse(lexer = IteratorToTokenStream(token_iterator))
+
+    # ===================== PLY Parser specification =====================
+    
+    precedence = [
+        ('left', ','),
+        ('left', 'DOUBLEDOT'),
+        ('left', '.'),
+        ('left', '|'),
+        ('left', '&'),
+        ('left', 'WHERE'),
+    ]
+
+    def p_error(self, t):
+        raise Exception('Parse error at %s:%s near token %s (%s)' % (t.lineno, t.col, t.value, t.type)) 
+
+    def p_jsonpath_binop(self, p):
+        """jsonpath : jsonpath '.' jsonpath 
+                    | jsonpath DOUBLEDOT jsonpath
+                    | jsonpath WHERE jsonpath
+                    | jsonpath '|' jsonpath
+                    | jsonpath '&' jsonpath"""
+        op = p[2]
+
+        if op == '.':
+            p[0] = Child(p[1], p[3])
+        elif op == '..':
+            p[0] = Descendants(p[1], p[3])
+        elif op == 'where':
+            p[0] = Where(p[1], p[3])
+        elif op == '|':
+            p[0] = Union(p[1], p[3])
+        elif op == '&':
+            p[0] = Intersect(p[1], p[3])
+
+    def p_jsonpath_fields(self, p):
+        "jsonpath : fields_or_any"
+        p[0] = Fields(*p[1])
+
+    def p_jsonpath_named_operator(self, p):
+        "jsonpath : NAMED_OPERATOR"
+        if p[1] == 'this':
+            p[0] = This()
+        elif p[1] == 'parent':
+            p[0] = Parent()
+        else:
+            raise Exception('Unknown named operator `%s` at %s:%s' % (p[1], p.lineno(1), p.lexpos(1)))
+
+    def p_jsonpath_root(self, p):
+        "jsonpath : '$'"
+        p[0] = Root()
+
+    def p_jsonpath_idx(self, p):
+        "jsonpath : '[' idx ']'"
+        p[0] = p[2]
+
+    def p_jsonpath_slice(self, p):
+        "jsonpath : '[' slice ']'"
+        p[0] = p[2]
+
+    def p_jsonpath_fieldbrackets(self, p):
+        "jsonpath : '[' fields ']'"
+        p[0] = Fields(*p[2])
+
+    def p_jsonpath_child_fieldbrackets(self, p):
+        "jsonpath : jsonpath '[' fields ']'"
+        p[0] = Child(p[1], Fields(*p[3]))
+
+    def p_jsonpath_child_idxbrackets(self, p):
+        "jsonpath : jsonpath '[' idx ']'"
+        p[0] = Child(p[1], p[3])
+
+    def p_jsonpath_child_slicebrackets(self, p):
+        "jsonpath : jsonpath '[' slice ']'"
+        p[0] = Child(p[1], p[3])
+
+    def p_jsonpath_parens(self, p):
+        "jsonpath : '(' jsonpath ')'"
+        p[0] = p[2]
+
+    # Because fields in brackets cannot be '*' - that is reserved for array indices
+    def p_fields_or_any(self, p):
+        """fields_or_any : fields 
+                         | '*'    """
+        if p[1] == '*':
+            p[0] = ['*']
+        else:
+            p[0] = p[1]
+
+    def p_fields_id(self, p):
+        "fields : ID"
+        p[0] = [p[1]]
+
+    def p_fields_comma(self, p):
+        "fields : fields ',' fields"
+        p[0] = p[1] + p[3]
+
+    def p_idx(self, p):
+        "idx : NUMBER"
+        p[0] = Index(p[1])
+
+    def p_slice_any(self, p):
+        "slice : '*'"
+        p[0] = Slice()
+
+    def p_slice(self, p): # Currently does not support `step`
+        "slice : maybe_int ':' maybe_int"
+        p[0] = Slice(start=p[1], end=p[3])
+
+    def p_maybe_int(self, p):
+        """maybe_int : NUMBER
+                     | empty"""
+        p[0] = p[1]
+    
+    def p_empty(self, p):
+        'empty :'
+        p[0] = None
+
+class IteratorToTokenStream(object):
+    def __init__(self, iterator):
+        self.iterator = iterator
+
+    def token(self):
+        try:
+            return next(self.iterator)
+        except StopIteration:
+            return None
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    logging.basicConfig()
+    parser = JsonPathParser(debug=True)
+    print(parser.parse(sys.stdin.read()))

bin/lt

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+LedgerTool.py

bin/ply/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+# PLY package
+# Author: David Beazley (dave@dabeaz.com)
+
+__all__ = ['lex','yacc']

bin/ply/cpp.py

@@ -0,0 +1,898 @@
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# cpp.py
+#
+# Author:  David Beazley (http://www.dabeaz.com)
+# Copyright (C) 2007
+# All rights reserved
+#
+# This module implements an ANSI-C style lexical preprocessor for PLY. 
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+from __future__ import generators
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Default preprocessor lexer definitions.   These tokens are enough to get
+# a basic preprocessor working.   Other modules may import these if they want
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+tokens = (
+   'CPP_ID','CPP_INTEGER', 'CPP_FLOAT', 'CPP_STRING', 'CPP_CHAR', 'CPP_WS', 'CPP_COMMENT', 'CPP_POUND','CPP_DPOUND'
+)
+
+literals = "+-*/%|&~^<>=!?()[]{}.,;:\\\'\""
+
+# Whitespace
+def t_CPP_WS(t):
+    r'\s+'
+    t.lexer.lineno += t.value.count("\n")
+    return t
+
+t_CPP_POUND = r'\#'
+t_CPP_DPOUND = r'\#\#'
+
+# Identifier
+t_CPP_ID = r'[A-Za-z_][\w_]*'
+
+# Integer literal
+def CPP_INTEGER(t):
+    r'(((((0x)|(0X))[0-9a-fA-F]+)|(\d+))([uU]|[lL]|[uU][lL]|[lL][uU])?)'
+    return t
+
+t_CPP_INTEGER = CPP_INTEGER
+
+# Floating literal
+t_CPP_FLOAT = r'((\d+)(\.\d+)(e(\+|-)?(\d+))? | (\d+)e(\+|-)?(\d+))([lL]|[fF])?'
+
+# String literal
+def t_CPP_STRING(t):
+    r'\"([^\\\n]|(\\(.|\n)))*?\"'
+    t.lexer.lineno += t.value.count("\n")
+    return t
+
+# Character constant 'c' or L'c'
+def t_CPP_CHAR(t):
+    r'(L)?\'([^\\\n]|(\\(.|\n)))*?\''
+    t.lexer.lineno += t.value.count("\n")
+    return t
+
+# Comment
+def t_CPP_COMMENT(t):
+    r'(/\*(.|\n)*?\*/)|(//.*?\n)'
+    t.lexer.lineno += t.value.count("\n")
+    return t
+    
+def t_error(t):
+    t.type = t.value[0]
+    t.value = t.value[0]
+    t.lexer.skip(1)
+    return t
+
+import re
+import copy
+import time
+import os.path
+
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# trigraph()
+# 
+# Given an input string, this function replaces all trigraph sequences. 
+# The following mapping is used:
+#
+#     ??=    #
+#     ??/    \
+#     ??'    ^
+#     ??(    [
+#     ??)    ]
+#     ??!    |
+#     ??<    {
+#     ??>    }
+#     ??-    ~
+# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+_trigraph_pat = re.compile(r'''\?\?[=/\'\(\)\!<>\-]''')
+_trigraph_rep = {
+    '=':'#',
+    '/':'\\',
+    "'":'^',
+    '(':'[',
+    ')':']',
+    '!':'|',
+    '<':'{',
+    '>':'}',
+    '-':'~'
+}
+
+def trigraph(input):
+    return _trigraph_pat.sub(lambda g: _trigraph_rep[g.group()[-1]],input)
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Macro object
+#
+# This object holds information about preprocessor macros
+#
+#    .name      - Macro name (string)
+#    .value     - Macro value (a list of tokens)
+#    .arglist   - List of argument names
+#    .variadic  - Boolean indicating whether or not variadic macro
+#    .vararg    - Name of the variadic parameter
+#
+# When a macro is created, the macro replacement token sequence is
+# pre-scanned and used to create patch lists that are later used
+# during macro expansion
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+class Macro(object):
+    def __init__(self,name,value,arglist=None,variadic=False):
+        self.name = name
+        self.value = value
+        self.arglist = arglist
+        self.variadic = variadic
+        if variadic:
+            self.vararg = arglist[-1]
+        self.source = None
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Preprocessor object
+#
+# Object representing a preprocessor.  Contains macro definitions,
+# include directories, and other information
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+class Preprocessor(object):
+    def __init__(self,lexer=None):
+        if lexer is None:
+            lexer = lex.lexer
+        self.lexer = lexer
+        self.macros = { }
+        self.path = []
+        self.temp_path = []
+
+        # Probe the lexer for selected tokens
+        self.lexprobe()
+
+        tm = time.localtime()
+        self.define("__DATE__ \"%s\"" % time.strftime("%b %d %Y",tm))
+        self.define("__TIME__ \"%s\"" % time.strftime("%H:%M:%S",tm))
+        self.parser = None
+
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # tokenize()
+    #
+    # Utility function. Given a string of text, tokenize into a list of tokens
+    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def tokenize(self,text):
+        tokens = []
+        self.lexer.input(text)
+        while True:
+            tok = self.lexer.token()
+            if not tok: break
+            tokens.append(tok)
+        return tokens
+
+    # ---------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # error()
+    #
+    # Report a preprocessor error/warning of some kind
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def error(self,file,line,msg):
+        print("%s:%d %s" % (file,line,msg))
+
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # lexprobe()
+    #
+    # This method probes the preprocessor lexer object to discover
+    # the token types of symbols that are important to the preprocessor.
+    # If this works right, the preprocessor will simply "work"
+    # with any suitable lexer regardless of how tokens have been named.
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def lexprobe(self):
+
+        # Determine the token type for identifiers
+        self.lexer.input("identifier")
+        tok = self.lexer.token()
+        if not tok or tok.value != "identifier":
+            print("Couldn't determine identifier type")
+        else:
+            self.t_ID = tok.type
+
+        # Determine the token type for integers
+        self.lexer.input("12345")
+        tok = self.lexer.token()
+        if not tok or int(tok.value) != 12345:
+            print("Couldn't determine integer type")
+        else:
+            self.t_INTEGER = tok.type
+            self.t_INTEGER_TYPE = type(tok.value)
+
+        # Determine the token type for strings enclosed in double quotes
+        self.lexer.input("\"filename\"")
+        tok = self.lexer.token()
+        if not tok or tok.value != "\"filename\"":
+            print("Couldn't determine string type")
+        else:
+            self.t_STRING = tok.type
+
+        # Determine the token type for whitespace--if any
+        self.lexer.input("  ")
+        tok = self.lexer.token()
+        if not tok or tok.value != "  ":
+            self.t_SPACE = None
+        else:
+            self.t_SPACE = tok.type
+
+        # Determine the token type for newlines
+        self.lexer.input("\n")
+        tok = self.lexer.token()
+        if not tok or tok.value != "\n":
+            self.t_NEWLINE = None
+            print("Couldn't determine token for newlines")
+        else:
+            self.t_NEWLINE = tok.type
+
+        self.t_WS = (self.t_SPACE, self.t_NEWLINE)
+
+        # Check for other characters used by the preprocessor
+        chars = [ '<','>','#','##','\\','(',')',',','.']
+        for c in chars:
+            self.lexer.input(c)
+            tok = self.lexer.token()
+            if not tok or tok.value != c:
+                print("Unable to lex '%s' required for preprocessor" % c)
+
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # add_path()
+    #
+    # Adds a search path to the preprocessor.  
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def add_path(self,path):
+        self.path.append(path)
+
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # group_lines()
+    #
+    # Given an input string, this function splits it into lines.  Trailing whitespace
+    # is removed.   Any line ending with \ is grouped with the next line.  This
+    # function forms the lowest level of the preprocessor---grouping into text into
+    # a line-by-line format.
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def group_lines(self,input):
+        lex = self.lexer.clone()
+        lines = [x.rstrip() for x in input.splitlines()]
+        for i in xrange(len(lines)):
+            j = i+1
+            while lines[i].endswith('\\') and (j < len(lines)):
+                lines[i] = lines[i][:-1]+lines[j]
+                lines[j] = ""
+                j += 1
+
+        input = "\n".join(lines)
+        lex.input(input)
+        lex.lineno = 1
+
+        current_line = []
+        while True:
+            tok = lex.token()
+            if not tok:
+                break
+            current_line.append(tok)
+            if tok.type in self.t_WS and '\n' in tok.value:
+                yield current_line
+                current_line = []
+
+        if current_line:
+            yield current_line
+
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # tokenstrip()
+    # 
+    # Remove leading/trailing whitespace tokens from a token list
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def tokenstrip(self,tokens):
+        i = 0
+        while i < len(tokens) and tokens[i].type in self.t_WS:
+            i += 1
+        del tokens[:i]
+        i = len(tokens)-1
+        while i >= 0 and tokens[i].type in self.t_WS:
+            i -= 1
+        del tokens[i+1:]
+        return tokens
+
+
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # collect_args()
+    #
+    # Collects comma separated arguments from a list of tokens.   The arguments
+    # must be enclosed in parenthesis.  Returns a tuple (tokencount,args,positions)
+    # where tokencount is the number of tokens consumed, args is a list of arguments,
+    # and positions is a list of integers containing the starting index of each
+    # argument.  Each argument is represented by a list of tokens.
+    #
+    # When collecting arguments, leading and trailing whitespace is removed
+    # from each argument.  
+    #
+    # This function properly handles nested parenthesis and commas---these do not
+    # define new arguments.
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def collect_args(self,tokenlist):
+        args = []
+        positions = []
+        current_arg = []
+        nesting = 1
+        tokenlen = len(tokenlist)
+    
+        # Search for the opening '('.
+        i = 0
+        while (i < tokenlen) and (tokenlist[i].type in self.t_WS):
+            i += 1
+
+        if (i < tokenlen) and (tokenlist[i].value == '('):
+            positions.append(i+1)
+        else:
+            self.error(self.source,tokenlist[0].lineno,"Missing '(' in macro arguments")
+            return 0, [], []
+
+        i += 1
+
+        while i < tokenlen:
+            t = tokenlist[i]
+            if t.value == '(':
+                current_arg.append(t)
+                nesting += 1
+            elif t.value == ')':
+                nesting -= 1
+                if nesting == 0:
+                    if current_arg:
+                        args.append(self.tokenstrip(current_arg))
+                        positions.append(i)
+                    return i+1,args,positions
+                current_arg.append(t)
+            elif t.value == ',' and nesting == 1:
+                args.append(self.tokenstrip(current_arg))
+                positions.append(i+1)
+                current_arg = []
+            else:
+                current_arg.append(t)
+            i += 1
+    
+        # Missing end argument
+        self.error(self.source,tokenlist[-1].lineno,"Missing ')' in macro arguments")
+        return 0, [],[]
+
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # macro_prescan()
+    #
+    # Examine the macro value (token sequence) and identify patch points
+    # This is used to speed up macro expansion later on---we'll know
+    # right away where to apply patches to the value to form the expansion
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    
+    def macro_prescan(self,macro):
+        macro.patch     = []             # Standard macro arguments 
+        macro.str_patch = []             # String conversion expansion
+        macro.var_comma_patch = []       # Variadic macro comma patch
+        i = 0
+        while i < len(macro.value):
+            if macro.value[i].type == self.t_ID and macro.value[i].value in macro.arglist:
+                argnum = macro.arglist.index(macro.value[i].value)
+                # Conversion of argument to a string
+                if i > 0 and macro.value[i-1].value == '#':
+                    macro.value[i] = copy.copy(macro.value[i])
+                    macro.value[i].type = self.t_STRING
+                    del macro.value[i-1]
+                    macro.str_patch.append((argnum,i-1))
+                    continue
+                # Concatenation
+                elif (i > 0 and macro.value[i-1].value == '##'):
+                    macro.patch.append(('c',argnum,i-1))
+                    del macro.value[i-1]
+                    continue
+                elif ((i+1) < len(macro.value) and macro.value[i+1].value == '##'):
+                    macro.patch.append(('c',argnum,i))
+                    i += 1
+                    continue
+                # Standard expansion
+                else:
+                    macro.patch.append(('e',argnum,i))
+            elif macro.value[i].value == '##':
+                if macro.variadic and (i > 0) and (macro.value[i-1].value == ',') and \
+                        ((i+1) < len(macro.value)) and (macro.value[i+1].type == self.t_ID) and \
+                        (macro.value[i+1].value == macro.vararg):
+                    macro.var_comma_patch.append(i-1)
+            i += 1
+        macro.patch.sort(key=lambda x: x[2],reverse=True)
+
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # macro_expand_args()
+    #
+    # Given a Macro and list of arguments (each a token list), this method
+    # returns an expanded version of a macro.  The return value is a token sequence
+    # representing the replacement macro tokens
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def macro_expand_args(self,macro,args):
+        # Make a copy of the macro token sequence
+        rep = [copy.copy(_x) for _x in macro.value]
+
+        # Make string expansion patches.  These do not alter the length of the replacement sequence
+        
+        str_expansion = {}
+        for argnum, i in macro.str_patch:
+            if argnum not in str_expansion:
+                str_expansion[argnum] = ('"%s"' % "".join([x.value for x in args[argnum]])).replace("\\","\\\\")
+            rep[i] = copy.copy(rep[i])
+            rep[i].value = str_expansion[argnum]
+
+        # Make the variadic macro comma patch.  If the variadic macro argument is empty, we get rid
+        comma_patch = False
+        if macro.variadic and not args[-1]:
+            for i in macro.var_comma_patch:
+                rep[i] = None
+                comma_patch = True
+
+        # Make all other patches.   The order of these matters.  It is assumed that the patch list
+        # has been sorted in reverse order of patch location since replacements will cause the
+        # size of the replacement sequence to expand from the patch point.
+        
+        expanded = { }
+        for ptype, argnum, i in macro.patch:
+            # Concatenation.   Argument is left unexpanded
+            if ptype == 'c':
+                rep[i:i+1] = args[argnum]
+            # Normal expansion.  Argument is macro expanded first
+            elif ptype == 'e':
+                if argnum not in expanded:
+                    expanded[argnum] = self.expand_macros(args[argnum])
+                rep[i:i+1] = expanded[argnum]
+
+        # Get rid of removed comma if necessary
+        if comma_patch:
+            rep = [_i for _i in rep if _i]
+
+        return rep
+
+
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # expand_macros()
+    #
+    # Given a list of tokens, this function performs macro expansion.
+    # The expanded argument is a dictionary that contains macros already
+    # expanded.  This is used to prevent infinite recursion.
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def expand_macros(self,tokens,expanded=None):
+        if expanded is None:
+            expanded = {}
+        i = 0
+        while i < len(tokens):
+            t = tokens[i]
+            if t.type == self.t_ID:
+                if t.value in self.macros and t.value not in expanded:
+                    # Yes, we found a macro match
+                    expanded[t.value] = True
+                    
+                    m = self.macros[t.value]
+                    if not m.arglist:
+                        # A simple macro
+                        ex = self.expand_macros([copy.copy(_x) for _x in m.value],expanded)
+                        for e in ex:
+                            e.lineno = t.lineno
+                        tokens[i:i+1] = ex
+                        i += len(ex)
+                    else:
+                        # A macro with arguments
+                        j = i + 1
+                        while j < len(tokens) and tokens[j].type in self.t_WS:
+                            j += 1
+                        if tokens[j].value == '(':
+                            tokcount,args,positions = self.collect_args(tokens[j:])
+                            if not m.variadic and len(args) !=  len(m.arglist):
+                                self.error(self.source,t.lineno,"Macro %s requires %d arguments" % (t.value,len(m.arglist)))
+                                i = j + tokcount
+                            elif m.variadic and len(args) < len(m.arglist)-1:
+                                if len(m.arglist) > 2:
+                                    self.error(self.source,t.lineno,"Macro %s must have at least %d arguments" % (t.value, len(m.arglist)-1))
+                                else:
+                                    self.error(self.source,t.lineno,"Macro %s must have at least %d argument" % (t.value, len(m.arglist)-1))
+                                i = j + tokcount
+                            else:
+                                if m.variadic:
+                                    if len(args) == len(m.arglist)-1:
+                                        args.append([])
+                                    else:
+                                        args[len(m.arglist)-1] = tokens[j+positions[len(m.arglist)-1]:j+tokcount-1]
+                                        del args[len(m.arglist):]
+                                        
+                                # Get macro replacement text
+                                rep = self.macro_expand_args(m,args)
+                                rep = self.expand_macros(rep,expanded)
+                                for r in rep:
+                                    r.lineno = t.lineno
+                                tokens[i:j+tokcount] = rep
+                                i += len(rep)
+                    del expanded[t.value]
+                    continue
+                elif t.value == '__LINE__':
+                    t.type = self.t_INTEGER
+                    t.value = self.t_INTEGER_TYPE(t.lineno)
+                
+            i += 1
+        return tokens
+
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------    
+    # evalexpr()
+    # 
+    # Evaluate an expression token sequence for the purposes of evaluating
+    # integral expressions.
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def evalexpr(self,tokens):
+        # tokens = tokenize(line)
+        # Search for defined macros
+        i = 0
+        while i < len(tokens):
+            if tokens[i].type == self.t_ID and tokens[i].value == 'defined':
+                j = i + 1
+                needparen = False
+                result = "0L"
+                while j < len(tokens):
+                    if tokens[j].type in self.t_WS:
+                        j += 1
+                        continue
+                    elif tokens[j].type == self.t_ID:
+                        if tokens[j].value in self.macros:
+                            result = "1L"
+                        else:
+                            result = "0L"
+                        if not needparen: break
+                    elif tokens[j].value == '(':
+                        needparen = True
+                    elif tokens[j].value == ')':
+                        break
+                    else:
+                        self.error(self.source,tokens[i].lineno,"Malformed defined()")
+                    j += 1
+                tokens[i].type = self.t_INTEGER
+                tokens[i].value = self.t_INTEGER_TYPE(result)
+                del tokens[i+1:j+1]
+            i += 1
+        tokens = self.expand_macros(tokens)
+        for i,t in enumerate(tokens):
+            if t.type == self.t_ID:
+                tokens[i] = copy.copy(t)
+                tokens[i].type = self.t_INTEGER
+                tokens[i].value = self.t_INTEGER_TYPE("0L")
+            elif t.type == self.t_INTEGER:
+                tokens[i] = copy.copy(t)
+                # Strip off any trailing suffixes
+                tokens[i].value = str(tokens[i].value)
+                while tokens[i].value[-1] not in "0123456789abcdefABCDEF":
+                    tokens[i].value = tokens[i].value[:-1]
+        
+        expr = "".join([str(x.value) for x in tokens])
+        expr = expr.replace("&&"," and ")
+        expr = expr.replace("||"," or ")
+        expr = expr.replace("!"," not ")
+        try:
+            result = eval(expr)
+        except StandardError:
+            self.error(self.source,tokens[0].lineno,"Couldn't evaluate expression")
+            result = 0
+        return result
+
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # parsegen()
+    #
+    # Parse an input string/
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    def parsegen(self,input,source=None):
+
+        # Replace trigraph sequences
+        t = trigraph(input)
+        lines = self.group_lines(t)
+
+        if not source:
+            source = ""
+            
+        self.define("__FILE__ \"%s\"" % source)
+
+        self.source = source
+        chunk = []
+        enable = True
+        iftrigger = False
+        ifstack = []
+
+        for x in lines:
+            for i,tok in enumerate(x):
+                if tok.type not in self.t_WS: break
+            if tok.value == '#':
+                # Preprocessor directive
+
+                for tok in x:
+                    if tok in self.t_WS and '\n' in tok.value:
+                        chunk.append(tok)
+                
+                dirtokens = self.tokenstrip(x[i+1:])
+                if dirtokens:
+                    name = dirtokens[0].value
+                    args = self.tokenstrip(dirtokens[1:])
+                else:
+                    name = ""
+                    args = []
+                
+                if name == 'define':
+                    if enable:
+                        for tok in self.expand_macros(chunk):
+                            yield tok
+                        chunk = []
+                        self.define(args)
+                elif name == 'include':
+                    if enable:
+                        for tok in self.expand_macros(chunk):
+                            yield tok
+                        chunk = []
+                        oldfile = self.macros['__FILE__']
+                        for tok in self.include(args):
+                            yield tok
+                        self.macros['__FILE__'] = oldfile
+                        self.source = source
+                elif name == 'undef':
+                    if enable:
+                        for tok in self.expand_macros(chunk):
+                            yield tok
+                        chunk = []
+                        self.undef(args)
+                elif name == 'ifdef':
+                    ifstack.append((enable,iftrigger))
+                    if enable:
+                        if not args[0].value in self.macros:
+                            enable = False
+                            iftrigger = False
+                        else:
+                            iftrigger = True
+                elif name == 'ifndef':
+                    ifstack.append((enable,iftrigger))
+                    if enable:
+                        if args[0].value in self.macros:
+                            enable = False
+                            iftrigger = False
+                        else:
+                            iftrigger = True
+                elif name == 'if':
+                    ifstack.append((enable,iftrigger))
+                    if enable:
+                        result = self.evalexpr(args)
+                        if not result:
+                            enable = False
+                            iftrigger = False
+                        else:
+                            iftrigger = True
+                elif name == 'elif':
+                    if ifstack:
+                        if ifstack[-1][0]:     # We only pay attention if outer "if" allows this
+                            if enable:         # If already true, we flip enable False
+                                enable = False
+                            elif not iftrigger:   # If False, but not triggered yet, we'll check expression
+                                result = self.evalexpr(args)
+                                if result:
+                                    enable  = True
+                                    iftrigger = True
+                    else:
+                        self.error(self.source,dirtokens[0].lineno,"Misplaced #elif")
+                        
+                elif name == 'else':
+                    if ifstack:
+                        if ifstack[-1][0]:
+                            if enable:
+                                enable = False
+                            elif not iftrigger:
+                                enable = True
+                                iftrigger = True
+                    else:
+                        self.error(self.source,dirtokens[0].lineno,"Misplaced #else")
+
+                elif name == 'endif':
+                    if ifstack:
+                        enable,iftrigger = ifstack.pop()
+                    else:
+                        self.error(self.source,dirtokens[0].lineno,"Misplaced #endif")
+                else:
+                    # Unknown preprocessor directive
+                    pass
+
+            else:
+                # Normal text
+                if enable:
+                    chunk.extend(x)
+
+        for tok in self.expand_macros(chunk):
+            yield tok
+        chunk = []
+
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # include()
+    #
+    # Implementation of file-inclusion
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def include(self,tokens):
+        # Try to extract the filename and then process an include file
+        if not tokens:
+            return
+        if tokens:
+            if tokens[0].value != '<' and tokens[0].type != self.t_STRING:
+                tokens = self.expand_macros(tokens)
+
+            if tokens[0].value == '<':
+                # Include <...>
+                i = 1
+                while i < len(tokens):
+                    if tokens[i].value == '>':
+                        break
+                    i += 1
+                else:
+                    print("Malformed #include <...>")
+                    return
+                filename = "".join([x.value for x in tokens[1:i]])
+                path = self.path + [""] + self.temp_path
+            elif tokens[0].type == self.t_STRING:
+                filename = tokens[0].value[1:-1]
+                path = self.temp_path + [""] + self.path
+            else:
+                print("Malformed #include statement")
+                return
+        for p in path:
+            iname = os.path.join(p,filename)
+            try:
+                data = open(iname,"r").read()
+                dname = os.path.dirname(iname)
+                if dname:
+                    self.temp_path.insert(0,dname)
+                for tok in self.parsegen(data,filename):
+                    yield tok
+                if dname:
+                    del self.temp_path[0]
+                break
+            except IOError:
+                pass
+        else:
+            print("Couldn't find '%s'" % filename)
+
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # define()
+    #
+    # Define a new macro
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def define(self,tokens):
+        if isinstance(tokens,(str,unicode)):
+            tokens = self.tokenize(tokens)
+
+        linetok = tokens
+        try:
+            name = linetok[0]
+            if len(linetok) > 1:
+                mtype = linetok[1]
+            else:
+                mtype = None
+            if not mtype:
+                m = Macro(name.value,[])
+                self.macros[name.value] = m
+            elif mtype.type in self.t_WS:
+                # A normal macro
+                m = Macro(name.value,self.tokenstrip(linetok[2:]))
+                self.macros[name.value] = m
+            elif mtype.value == '(':
+                # A macro with arguments
+                tokcount, args, positions = self.collect_args(linetok[1:])
+                variadic = False
+                for a in args:
+                    if variadic:
+                        print("No more arguments may follow a variadic argument")
+                        break
+                    astr = "".join([str(_i.value) for _i in a])
+                    if astr == "...":
+                        variadic = True
+                        a[0].type = self.t_ID
+                        a[0].value = '__VA_ARGS__'
+                        variadic = True
+                        del a[1:]
+                        continue
+                    elif astr[-3:] == "..." and a[0].type == self.t_ID:
+                        variadic = True
+                        del a[1:]
+                        # If, for some reason, "." is part of the identifier, strip off the name for the purposes
+                        # of macro expansion
+                        if a[0].value[-3:] == '...':
+                            a[0].value = a[0].value[:-3]
+                        continue
+                    if len(a) > 1 or a[0].type != self.t_ID:
+                        print("Invalid macro argument")
+                        break
+                else:
+                    mvalue = self.tokenstrip(linetok[1+tokcount:])
+                    i = 0
+                    while i < len(mvalue):
+                        if i+1 < len(mvalue):
+                            if mvalue[i].type in self.t_WS and mvalue[i+1].value == '##':
+                                del mvalue[i]
+                                continue
+                            elif mvalue[i].value == '##' and mvalue[i+1].type in self.t_WS:
+                                del mvalue[i+1]
+                        i += 1
+                    m = Macro(name.value,mvalue,[x[0].value for x in args],variadic)
+                    self.macro_prescan(m)
+                    self.macros[name.value] = m
+            else:
+                print("Bad macro definition")
+        except LookupError:
+            print("Bad macro definition")
+
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # undef()
+    #
+    # Undefine a macro
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def undef(self,tokens):
+        id = tokens[0].value
+        try:
+            del self.macros[id]
+        except LookupError:
+            pass
+
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # parse()
+    #
+    # Parse input text.
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    def parse(self,input,source=None,ignore={}):
+        self.ignore = ignore
+        self.parser = self.parsegen(input,source)
+        
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # token()
+    #
+    # Method to return individual tokens
+    # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    def token(self):
+        try:
+            while True:
+                tok = next(self.parser)
+                if tok.type not in self.ignore: return tok
+        except StopIteration:
+            self.parser = None
+            return None
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    import ply.lex as lex
+    lexer = lex.lex()
+
+    # Run a preprocessor
+    import sys
+    f = open(sys.argv[1])
+    input = f.read()
+
+    p = Preprocessor(lexer)
+    p.parse(input,sys.argv[1])
+    while True:
+        tok = p.token()
+        if not tok: break
+        print(p.source, tok)
+
+
+
+
+    
+
+
+
+
+
+

bin/ply/ctokens.py

@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+# ctokens.py
+#
+# Token specifications for symbols in ANSI C and C++.  This file is
+# meant to be used as a library in other tokenizers.
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+# Reserved words
+
+tokens = [
+    # Literals (identifier, integer constant, float constant, string constant, char const)
+    'ID', 'TYPEID', 'ICONST', 'FCONST', 'SCONST', 'CCONST',
+
+    # Operators (+,-,*,/,%,|,&,~,^,<<,>>, ||, &&, !, <, <=, >, >=, ==, !=)
+    'PLUS', 'MINUS', 'TIMES', 'DIVIDE', 'MOD',
+    'OR', 'AND', 'NOT', 'XOR', 'LSHIFT', 'RSHIFT',
+    'LOR', 'LAND', 'LNOT',
+    'LT', 'LE', 'GT', 'GE', 'EQ', 'NE',
+    
+    # Assignment (=, *=, /=, %=, +=, -=, <<=, >>=, &=, ^=, |=)
+    'EQUALS', 'TIMESEQUAL', 'DIVEQUAL', 'MODEQUAL', 'PLUSEQUAL', 'MINUSEQUAL',
+    'LSHIFTEQUAL','RSHIFTEQUAL', 'ANDEQUAL', 'XOREQUAL', 'OREQUAL',
+
+    # Increment/decrement (++,--)
+    'PLUSPLUS', 'MINUSMINUS',
+
+    # Structure dereference (->)
+    'ARROW',
+
+    # Ternary operator (?)
+    'TERNARY',
+    
+    # Delimeters ( ) [ ] { } , . ; :
+    'LPAREN', 'RPAREN',
+    'LBRACKET', 'RBRACKET',
+    'LBRACE', 'RBRACE',
+    'COMMA', 'PERIOD', 'SEMI', 'COLON',
+
+    # Ellipsis (...)
+    'ELLIPSIS',
+]
+    
+# Operators
+t_PLUS             = r'\+'
+t_MINUS            = r'-'
+t_TIMES            = r'\*'
+t_DIVIDE           = r'/'
+t_MODULO           = r'%'
+t_OR               = r'\|'
+t_AND              = r'&'
+t_NOT              = r'~'
+t_XOR              = r'\^'
+t_LSHIFT           = r'<<'
+t_RSHIFT           = r'>>'
+t_LOR              = r'\|\|'
+t_LAND             = r'&&'
+t_LNOT             = r'!'
+t_LT               = r'<'
+t_GT               = r'>'
+t_LE               = r'<='
+t_GE               = r'>='
+t_EQ               = r'=='
+t_NE               = r'!='
+
+# Assignment operators
+
+t_EQUALS           = r'='
+t_TIMESEQUAL       = r'\*='
+t_DIVEQUAL         = r'/='
+t_MODEQUAL         = r'%='
+t_PLUSEQUAL        = r'\+='
+t_MINUSEQUAL       = r'-='
+t_LSHIFTEQUAL      = r'<<='
+t_RSHIFTEQUAL      = r'>>='
+t_ANDEQUAL         = r'&='
+t_OREQUAL          = r'\|='
+t_XOREQUAL         = r'^='
+
+# Increment/decrement
+t_INCREMENT        = r'\+\+'
+t_DECREMENT        = r'--'
+
+# ->
+t_ARROW            = r'->'
+
+# ?
+t_TERNARY          = r'\?'
+
+# Delimeters
+t_LPAREN           = r'\('
+t_RPAREN           = r'\)'
+t_LBRACKET         = r'\['
+t_RBRACKET         = r'\]'
+t_LBRACE           = r'\{'
+t_RBRACE           = r'\}'
+t_COMMA            = r','
+t_PERIOD           = r'\.'
+t_SEMI             = r';'
+t_COLON            = r':'
+t_ELLIPSIS         = r'\.\.\.'
+
+# Identifiers
+t_ID = r'[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z0-9_]*'
+
+# Integer literal
+t_INTEGER = r'\d+([uU]|[lL]|[uU][lL]|[lL][uU])?'
+
+# Floating literal
+t_FLOAT = r'((\d+)(\.\d+)(e(\+|-)?(\d+))? | (\d+)e(\+|-)?(\d+))([lL]|[fF])?'
+
+# String literal
+t_STRING = r'\"([^\\\n]|(\\.))*?\"'
+
+# Character constant 'c' or L'c'
+t_CHARACTER = r'(L)?\'([^\\\n]|(\\.))*?\''
+
+# Comment (C-Style)
+def t_COMMENT(t):
+    r'/\*(.|\n)*?\*/'
+    t.lexer.lineno += t.value.count('\n')
+    return t
+
+# Comment (C++-Style)
+def t_CPPCOMMENT(t):
+    r'//.*\n'
+    t.lexer.lineno += 1
+    return t
+
+
+    
+
+
+

bin/ripple/ledger/Args.py

@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals
+
+import argparse
+import importlib
+import os
+
+from ripple.ledger import LedgerNumber
+from ripple.util import File
+from ripple.util.Function import Function
+from ripple.util import Range
+
+NAME = 'LedgerTool'
+VERSION = '0.1'
+
+_parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+    prog=NAME,
+    description='Retrieve and process Ripple ledgers.',
+    epilog=LedgerNumber.HELP,
+    )
+
+# Positional arguments.
+_parser.add_argument(
+    'command',
+    nargs='*',
+    help='Command to execute.'
+)
+
+# Flag arguments.
+_parser.add_argument(
+    '--cache',
+    default='~/.local/share/ripple/ledger',
+    help='The cache directory.',
+    )
+
+_parser.add_argument(
+    '--complete',
+    action='store_true',
+    help='If set, only match complete ledgers.',
+    )
+
+_parser.add_argument(
+    '--condition', '-c',
+    default='all_ledgers',
+    help='The name of a condition function used to match ledgers.',
+    )
+
+_parser.add_argument(
+    '--config',
+    help='The rippled configuration file name.',
+    )
+
+_parser.add_argument(
+    '--display', '-d',
+    default='ledger_number',
+    help='Specify a function to display ledgers.',
+    )
+
+_parser.add_argument(
+    '--full', '-f',
+    action='store_true',
+    help='If true, request full ledgers.',
+    )
+
+_parser.add_argument(
+    '--indent', '-i',
+    type=int,
+    default=2,
+    help='How many spaces to indent when display in JSON.',
+    )
+
+_parser.add_argument(
+    '--binary',
+    action='store_true',
+    help='If true, searches are binary - by default linear search is used.',
+    )
+
+_parser.add_argument(
+    '--position', '-p',
+    choices=['all', 'first', 'last'],
+    default='last',
+    help='Select which ledgers to display.',
+    )
+
+_parser.add_argument(
+    '--rippled', '-r',
+    help='The filename of a rippled binary for retrieving ledgers.',
+    )
+
+_parser.add_argument(
+    '--server', '-s',
+    help='IP address of a rippled JSON server.',
+    )
+
+_parser.add_argument(
+    '--utc', '-u',
+    action='store_true',
+    help='If true, display times in UTC rather than local time.',
+    )
+
+_parser.add_argument(
+    '--version',
+    action='version',
+    version='%(prog)s ' + VERSION,
+    help='Print the current version of %(prog)s',
+    )
+
+_parser.add_argument(
+    '--verbose', '-v',
+    action='store_true',
+    help='If true, give status messages on stderr.',
+    )
+
+_parser.add_argument(
+    '--window', '-w',
+    type=int,
+    default=0,
+    help='How many ledgers to display around the matching ledger.',
+    )
+
+_parser.add_argument(
+    '--yes', '-y',
+    action='store_true',
+    help='If true, don\'t ask for confirmation on large commands.',
+)
+
+# Read the arguments from the command line.
+ARGS = _parser.parse_args()
+
+# Now remove any items that look like ledger numbers from the command line.
+_command = ARGS.command
+_parts = (ARGS.command, ARGS.ledgers) = ([], [])
+
+for c in _command:
+    _parts[Range.is_range(c, *LedgerNumber.LEDGERS)].append(c)
+
+ARGS.command = ARGS.command or ['print' if ARGS.ledgers else 'info']
+
+ARGS.cache = File.normalize(ARGS.cache)
+ARGS.condition = Function(ARGS.condition, 'ripple.ledger.conditions')
+ARGS.display = Function(ARGS.display, 'ripple.ledger.displays')
+
+if ARGS.window < 0:
+    raise ValueError('Window cannot be negative: --window=%d' %
+                     ARGS.window)
+
+_loaders = bool(ARGS.server) + bool(ARGS.rippled)
+
+if not _loaders:
+    ARGS.rippled = 'rippled'
+
+elif _loaders > 1:
+    raise ValueError('At most one of --rippled and --server must be specified')

bin/ripple/ledger/LedgerNumber.py

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals
+
+from ripple.util import Range
+
+FIRST_EVER = 32570
+
+LEDGERS = {
+    'closed': 'the most recently closed ledger',
+    'current': 'the current ledger',
+    'first': 'the first complete ledger on this server',
+    'last': 'the last complete ledger on this server',
+    'validated': 'the most recently validated ledger',
+    }
+
+HELP = """
+Ledgers are either represented by a number, or one of the special ledgers;
+""" + ',\n'.join('%s, %s' % (k, v) for k, v in sorted(LEDGERS.items())
+)

bin/ripple/ledger/Log.py

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals
+
+import sys
+
+from ripple.ledger.Args import ARGS
+
+def out(*args, **kwds):
+    kwds.get('print', print)(*args, file=sys.stdout, **kwds)
+
+def info(*args, **kwds):
+    if ARGS.verbose:
+        out(*args, **kwds)
+
+def error(*args, **kwds):
+    out('ERROR', *args, **kwds)
+
+def fatal(*args, **kwds):
+    out('FATAL', *args, **kwds)
+    raise Exception('FATAL: ' + ' '.join(str(a) for a in args))

bin/ripple/ledger/PrettyPrint.py

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals
+
+from ripple.ledger.Args import ARGS
+
+from functools import wraps
+import json
+
+def pretty_print(item):
+    return json.dumps(item,
+                      sort_keys=True,
+                      indent=ARGS.indent,
+                      separators=(',', ': '))
+
+def pretty(f):
+    """"A decorator on a function that makes its results pretty """
+    @wraps(f)
+    def wrapper(*args, **kwds):
+        result = list(f(*args, **kwds))
+        return pretty_print(result)
+
+    return wrapper

bin/ripple/ledger/RippledReader.py

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals
+
+import json
+import os
+import subprocess
+
+from ripple.ledger.Args import ARGS
+from ripple.util import File
+from ripple.util import Range
+
+_ERROR_CODE_REASON = {
+    62: 'No rippled server is running.',
+}
+
+_DEFAULT_ERROR_ = "Couldn't connect to server."
+
+class RippledReader(object):
+    def __init__(self):
+        fname = File.normalize(ARGS.rippled)
+        if not os.path.exists(fname):
+            raise Exception('No rippled found at %s.' % fname)
+        self.cmd = [fname]
+        if ARGS.config:
+            self.cmd.extend(['--conf', _normalize(ARGS.config)])
+        self.info = self._command('server_info')['info']
+        c = self.info.get('complete_ledgers')
+        if c == 'empty':
+            self.complete = []
+        else:
+            self.complete = sorted(Range.from_string(c))
+
+    def name_to_ledger_index(self, ledger_name, is_full=False):
+        return self.get_ledger(ledger_name, is_full)['ledger_index']
+
+    def get_ledger(self, name, is_full=False):
+        cmd = ['ledger', str(name)]
+        if is_full:
+            cmd.append('full')
+        return self._command(*cmd)['ledger']
+
+    def _command(self, *cmds):
+        cmd = self.cmd + list(cmds)
+        try:
+            data = subprocess.check_output(cmd, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
+        except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
+            raise Exception(_ERROR_CODE_REASON.get(
+                e.returncode, _DEFAULT_ERROR_))
+
+        part = json.loads(data)
+        try:
+            return part['result']
+        except:
+            raise ValueError(part.get('error', 'unknown error'))

bin/ripple/ledger/SearchLedgers.py

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals
+
+import sys
+
+from ripple.ledger.Args import ARGS
+from ripple.ledger import Log
+from ripple.util import Range
+from ripple.util import Search
+
+def search(server):
+    """Yields a stream of ledger numbers that match the given condition."""
+    condition = lambda number: ARGS.condition(server, number)
+    ledgers = server.ledgers
+    if ARGS.binary:
+        try:
+            position = Search.FIRST if ARGS.position == 'first' else Search.LAST
+            yield Search.binary_search(
+                ledgers[0], ledgers[-1], condition, position)
+        except:
+            Log.fatal('No ledgers matching condition "%s".' % condition,
+                      file=sys.stderr)
+    else:
+        for x in Search.linear_search(ledgers, condition):
+            yield x

bin/ripple/ledger/Server.py

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals
+
+import json
+import os
+
+from ripple.ledger import RippledReader, ServerReader
+from ripple.ledger.Args import ARGS
+from ripple.util.FileCache import file_cache
+from ripple.util import Range
+
+class Server(object):
+    def __init__(self):
+        if ARGS.rippled:
+            reader = RippledReader.RippledReader()
+        else:
+            reader = ServerReader.ServerReader()
+
+        self.reader = reader
+
+        self.complete = reader.complete
+
+        names = {
+            'closed': reader.name_to_ledger_index('closed'),
+            'current': reader.name_to_ledger_index('current'),
+            'validated': reader.name_to_ledger_index('validated'),
+            'first': self.complete[0],
+            'last': self.complete[-1],
+        }
+        self.__dict__.update(names)
+        self.ledgers = sorted(Range.join_ranges(*ARGS.ledgers, **names))
+
+        def make_cache(is_full):
+            name = 'full' if is_full else 'summary'
+            filepath = os.path.join(ARGS.cache, name)
+            creator = lambda n: reader.get_ledger(n, is_full)
+            return file_cache(filepath, creator)
+        self.caches = [make_cache(False), make_cache(True)]
+
+    def info(self):
+        return self.reader.info
+
+    def get_ledger(self, number, is_full=False):
+        return self.caches[is_full](number, int(number) in self.complete)

bin/ripple/ledger/ServerReader.py

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals
+
+class ServerReader(object):
+    def __init__(self, server):
+        raise ValueError('Direct server connections are not yet implemented.')

bin/ripple/ledger/commands/Info.py

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals
+
+from ripple.ledger.Args import ARGS
+from ripple.ledger import Log
+from ripple.ledger.PrettyPrint import pretty_print
+from ripple.util import Range
+
+SAFE = True
+
+HELP = 'info - return server_info'
+
+def info(server):
+    Log.out('closed =', server.closed)
+    Log.out('current =', server.current)
+    Log.out('validated =', server.validated)
+    Log.out('complete =', Range.to_string(server.complete))
+
+    if ARGS.full:
+        Log.out(pretty_print(server.info()))

bin/ripple/ledger/commands/Print.py

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals
+
+from ripple.ledger.Args import ARGS
+from ripple.ledger import SearchLedgers
+
+import json
+
+SAFE = True
+
+HELP = """print
+
+Print the ledgers to stdout.  The default command."""
+
+def run_print(server):
+    for x in ARGS.display(server, SearchLedgers.search(server)):
+        print(x)

bin/ripple/ledger/conditions/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals
+
+def all_ledgers(server, ledger_number):
+    return True

bin/ripple/ledger/displays/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals
+
+from functools import wraps
+
+import jsonpath_rw
+
+from ripple.ledger.Args import ARGS
+from ripple.ledger.PrettyPrint import pretty_print
+from ripple.util.Decimal import Decimal
+from ripple.util import Dict
+from ripple.util import Range
+
+def ledger_number(server, numbers):
+    yield Range.to_string(numbers)
+
+def display(f):
+    """A decorator for displays that just print JSON"""
+    @wraps(f)
+    def wrapper(server, numbers, *args, **kwds):
+        for number in numbers:
+            ledger = server.get_ledger(number, ARGS.full)
+            yield pretty_print(f(ledger, *args, **kwds))
+    return wrapper
+
+def json(f):
+    """A decorator for displays that print JSON, extracted by a path"""
+    @wraps(f)
+    def wrapper(server, numbers, path, *args, **kwds):
+        try:
+            path_expr = jsonpath_rw.parse(path)
+        except:
+            raise ValueError("Can't understand jsonpath '%s'." % path)
+
+        for number in numbers:
+            ledger = server.get_ledger(number, ARGS.full)
+            finds = path_expr.find(ledger)
+            yield pretty_print(f(finds, *args, **kwds))
+    return wrapper
+
+
+@display
+def ledger(led):
+    return led
+
+@display
+def prune(ledger, level=2):
+    return Dict.prune(ledger, level, False)
+
+TRANSACT_FIELDS = (
+    'accepted',
+    'close_time_human',
+    'closed',
+    'ledger_index',
+    'total_coins',
+    'transactions',
+)
+
+@display
+def transact(ledger):
+    return dict((f, ledger[f]) for f in TRANSACT_FIELDS)
+
+@json
+def extract(finds):
+    return dict((str(f.full_path), str(f.value)) for f in finds)
+
+@json
+def sum(finds):
+    d = Decimal()
+    for f in finds:
+        d.accumulate(f.value)
+    return [str(d), len(finds)]

bin/ripple/util/Cache.py

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals
+
+from collections import defaultdict
+
+class Cache(object):
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._value_to_index = {}
+        self._index_to_value = []
+
+    def value_to_index(self, value, **kwds):
+        index = self._value_to_index.get(value, None)
+        if index is None:
+            index = len(self._index_to_value)
+            self._index_to_value.append((value, kwds))
+            self._value_to_index[value] = index
+        return index
+
+    def index_to_value(self, index):
+        return self._index_to_value[index]
+
+def NamedCache():
+    return defaultdict(Cache)
+
+def cache_by_key(d, keyfunc=None, exclude=None):
+    cache = defaultdict(Cache)
+    exclude = exclude or None
+    keyfunc = keyfunc or (lambda x: x)
+
+    def visit(item):
+        if isinstance(item, list):
+            for i, x in enumerate(item):
+                item[i] = visit(x)
+
+        elif isinstance(item, dict):
+            for k, v in item.items():
+                item[k] = visit(v)
+
+        return item
+
+    return cache

bin/ripple/util/CommandList.py

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals
+
+# Code taken from github/rec/grit.
+
+import os
+import sys
+
+from collections import namedtuple
+
+from ripple.ledger.Args import ARGS
+from ripple.util import Log
+
+Command = namedtuple('Command', 'function help safe')
+
+def make_command(module):
+    name = module.__name__.split('.')[-1].lower()
+    return name, Command(getattr(module, name, None) or
+                         getattr(module, 'run_' + name),
+                         getattr(module, 'HELP'),
+                         getattr(module, 'SAFE', False))
+
+class CommandList(object):
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwds):
+        self.registry = {}
+        self.register(*args, **kwds)
+
+    def register(self, *modules, **kwds):
+        for module in modules:
+            name, command = make_command(module)
+            self.registry[name] = command
+
+        for k, v in kwds.items():
+            if not isinstance(v, (list, tuple)):
+                v = [v]
+            self.register_one(k, *v)
+
+    def keys(self):
+        return self.registry.keys()
+
+    def register_one(self, name, function, help='', safe=False):
+        assert name not in self.registry
+        self.registry[name] = Command(function, help, safe)
+
+    def _get(self, command):
+        command = command.lower()
+        c = self.registry.get(command)
+        if c:
+            return command, c
+        commands = [c for c in self.registry if c.startswith(command)]
+        if len(commands) == 1:
+            command = commands[0]
+            return command, self.registry[command]
+        if not commands:
+            raise ValueError('No such command: %s.  Commands are %s.' %
+                             (command, ', '.join(sorted(self.registry))))
+        if len(commands) > 1:
+            raise ValueError('Command %s was ambiguous: %s.' %
+                             (command, ', '.join(commands)))
+
+    def get(self, command):
+        return self._get(command)[1]
+
+    def run(self, command, *args):
+        return self.get(command).function(*args)
+
+    def run_safe(self, command, *args):
+        name, cmd = self._get(command)
+        if not (ARGS.yes or cmd.safe):
+            confirm = raw_input('OK to execute "rl %s %s"? (y/N) ' %
+                                (name, ' '.join(args)))
+            if not confirm.lower().startswith('y'):
+                Log.error('Cancelled.')
+                return
+        cmd.function(*args)
+
+    def help(self, command):
+        return self.get(command).help()

bin/ripple/util/Decimal.py

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals
+
+"""Fixed point numbers."""
+
+POSITIONS = 10
+POSITIONS_SHIFT = 10 ** POSITIONS
+
+class Decimal(object):
+    def __init__(self, desc='0'):
+        if isinstance(desc, int):
+            self.value = desc
+            return
+        if desc.startswith('-'):
+            sign = -1
+            desc = desc[1:]
+        else:
+            sign = 1
+        parts = desc.split('.')
+        if len(parts) == 1:
+            parts.append('0')
+        elif len(parts) > 2:
+            raise Exception('Too many decimals in "%s"' % desc)
+        number, decimal = parts
+        # Fix the number of positions.
+        decimal = (decimal + POSITIONS * '0')[:POSITIONS]
+        self.value = sign * int(number + decimal)
+
+    def accumulate(self, item):
+        if not isinstance(item, Decimal):
+            item = Decimal(item)
+        self.value += item.value
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        if self.value >= 0:
+            sign = ''
+            value = self.value
+        else:
+            sign = '-'
+            value = -self.value
+        number = value // POSITIONS_SHIFT
+        decimal = (value % POSITIONS_SHIFT) * POSITIONS_SHIFT
+
+        if decimal:
+            return '%s%s.%s' % (sign, number, str(decimal).rstrip('0'))
+        else:
+            return '%s%s' % (sign, number)

bin/ripple/util/Dict.py

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals
+
+def count_all_subitems(x):
+    """Count the subitems of a Python object, including the object itself."""
+    if isinstance(x, list):
+        return 1 + sum(count_all_subitems(i) for i in x)
+    if isinstance(x, dict):
+        return 1 + sum(count_all_subitems(i) for i in x.itervalues())
+    return 1
+
+def prune(item, level, count_recursively=True):
+    def subitems(x):
+        i = count_all_subitems(x) - 1 if count_recursively else len(x)
+        return '1 subitem' if i == 1 else '%d subitems' % i
+
+    assert level >= 0
+    if not item:
+        return item
+
+    if isinstance(item, list):
+        if level:
+            return [prune(i, level - 1, count_recursively) for i in item]
+        else:
+            return '[list with %s]' % subitems(item)
+
+    if isinstance(item, dict):
+        if level:
+            return dict((k, prune(v, level - 1, count_recursively))
+                        for k, v in item.iteritems())
+        else:
+           return '{dict with %s}' % subitems(item)
+
+    return item

bin/ripple/util/File.py

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals
+
+import os
+
+def normalize(f):
+    f = os.path.join(*f.split('/'))  # For Windows users.
+    return os.path.abspath(os.path.expanduser(f))

bin/ripple/util/FileCache.py

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals
+
+import json
+import gzip
+import os
+
+_NONE = object()
+
+def file_cache(filename_prefix, creator, open=gzip.open, suffix='.gz'):
+    """A two-level cache, which stores expensive results in memory and on disk.
+    """
+    cached_data = {}
+    if not os.path.exists(filename_prefix):
+        os.makedirs(filename_prefix)
+
+    def get_file_data(name):
+        filename = os.path.join(filename_prefix, str(name)) + suffix
+        if os.path.exists(filename):
+            return json.load(open(filename))
+
+        result = creator(name)
+        json.dump(result, open(filename, 'w'))
+        return result
+
+    def get_data(name, use_file_cache=True):
+        result = cached_data.get(name, _NONE)
+        if result is _NONE:
+            maker = get_file_data if use_file_cache else creator
+            result = maker(name)
+            cached_data[name] = result
+        return result
+
+    return get_data

bin/ripple/util/Function.py

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals
+
+"""A function that can be specified at the command line, with an argument."""
+
+import importlib
+import re
+
+MATCHER = re.compile(r'([\w.]+)(.*)')
+
+def _split_function(desc):
+    m = MATCHER.match(desc)
+    if not m:
+        raise ValueError('"%s" is not a function' % desc)
+    name, args = (g.strip() for g in m.groups())
+    args = eval(args or '()')  # Yes, really eval()!
+    if not isinstance(args, tuple):
+        args = (args,)
+    return name, args
+
+class Function(object):
+    def __init__(self, desc='', default_path=''):
+        self.desc = desc.strip()
+        if not self.desc:
+            # Make an empty function that does nothing.
+            self.args = ()
+            self.function = lambda *args, **kwds: None
+            return
+
+        self.function, self.args = _split_function(self.desc)
+        if '.' not in self.function:
+            if default_path and not default_path.endswith('.'):
+                default_path += '.'
+            self.function = default_path + self.function
+        p, m = self.function.rsplit('.', 1)
+        try:
+            mod = importlib.import_module(p)
+        except:
+            raise ValueError('Can\'t find Python module "%s"' % p)
+
+        try:
+            self.function = getattr(mod, m)
+        except:
+            raise ValueError('No function "%s" in module "%s"' % (p, m))
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.desc
+
+    def __call__(self, *args, **kwds):
+        return self.function(*(args + self.args), **kwds)

bin/ripple/util/Log.py

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals
+
+def count_all_subitems(x):
+    """Count the subitems of a Python object, including the object itself."""
+    if isinstance(x, list):
+        return 1 + sum(count_all_subitems(i) for i in x)
+    if isinstance(x, dict):
+        return 1 + sum(count_all_subitems(i) for i in x.values())
+    return 1
+
+def prune(item, level, count_recursively=True):
+    def subitems(x):
+        if count_recursively:
+            i = count_all_subitems(x) - 1
+        else:
+            i = len(x)
+        return '1 subitem' if (i == 1) else '%d subitems' % i
+
+    assert level >= 0
+    if not item:
+        return item
+
+    if isinstance(item, list):
+        if level:
+            return [prune(i, level - 1, count_recursively) for i in item]
+        else:
+            return '[list with %s]' % subitems(item)
+
+    if isinstance(item, dict):
+        if level:
+            return dict((k, prune(v, level - 1, count_recursively))
+                        for k, v in item.iteritems())
+        else:
+           return '{dict with %s}' % subitems(item)
+
+    return item

bin/ripple/util/Range.py

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals
+
+"""
+Convert a discontiguous range of integers to and from a human-friendly form.
+
+Real world example is the server_info.complete_ledgers:
+  8252899-8403772,8403824,8403827-8403830,8403834-8403876
+
+"""
+
+def from_string(desc, **aliases):
+    if not desc:
+        return []
+    result = set()
+    for d in desc.split(','):
+        nums = [aliases.get(x, None) or int(x) for x in d.split('-')]
+        if len(nums) == 1:
+            result.add(nums[0])
+        elif len(nums) == 2:
+            result.update(range(nums[0], nums[1] + 1))
+    return result
+
+def to_string(r):
+    groups = []
+    next_group = []
+    for i, x in enumerate(sorted(r)):
+        if next_group and (x - next_group[-1]) > 1:
+            groups.append(next_group)
+            next_group = []
+        next_group.append(x)
+    if next_group:
+        groups.append(next_group)
+
+    def display(g):
+        if len(g) == 1:
+            return str(g[0])
+        else:
+            return '%s-%s' % (g[0], g[-1])
+
+    return ','.join(display(g) for g in groups)
+
+def is_range(desc, *names):
+    try:
+        from_string(desc, **dict((n, 1) for n in names))
+        return True;
+    except ValueError:
+        return False
+
+def join_ranges(*ranges, **aliases):
+    result = set()
+    for r in ranges:
+        result.update(from_string(r, **aliases))
+    return result

bin/ripple/util/Search.py

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals
+
+FIRST, LAST = range(2)
+
+def binary_search(begin, end, condition, location=FIRST):
+    """Search for an i in the interval [begin, end] where condition(i) is true.
+       If location is FIRST, return the first such i.
+       If location is LAST, return the last such i.
+       If there is no such i, then throw an exception.
+    """
+    b = condition(begin)
+    e = condition(end)
+    if b and e:
+        return begin if location == FIRST else end
+
+    if not (b or e):
+        raise ValueError('%d/%d' % (begin, end))
+
+    if b and location is FIRST:
+        return begin
+
+    if e and location is LAST:
+        return end
+
+    width = end - begin + 1
+    if width == 1:
+        if not b:
+            raise ValueError('%d/%d' % (begin, end))
+        return begin
+    if width == 2:
+        return begin if b else end
+
+    mid = (begin + end) // 2
+    m = condition(mid)
+
+    if m == b:
+        return binary_search(mid, end, condition, location)
+    else:
+        return binary_search(begin, mid, condition, location)
+
+def linear_search(items, condition):
+    """Yields each i in the interval [begin, end] where condition(i) is true.
+    """
+    for i in items:
+        if condition(i):
+            yield i

bin/ripple/util/Time.py

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals
+
+import datetime
+
+# Format for human-readable dates in rippled
+_DATE_FORMAT = '%Y-%b-%d'
+_TIME_FORMAT = '%H:%M:%S'
+_DATETIME_FORMAT = '%s %s' % (_DATE_FORMAT, _TIME_FORMAT)
+
+_FORMATS = _DATE_FORMAT, _TIME_FORMAT, _DATETIME_FORMAT
+
+def parse_datetime(desc):
+    for fmt in _FORMATS:
+        try:
+            return datetime.date.strptime(desc, fmt)
+        except:
+            pass
+    raise ValueError("Can't understand date '%s'." % date)
+
+def format_datetime(dt):
+    return dt.strftime(_DATETIME_FORMAT)

bin/ripple/util/test_Cache.py

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals
+
+from ripple.util.Cache import NamedCache
+
+from unittest import TestCase
+
+class test_Cache(TestCase):
+    def setUp(self):
+        self.cache = NamedCache()
+
+    def test_trivial(self):
+        pass

bin/ripple/util/test_Decimal.py

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals
+
+from ripple.util.Decimal import Decimal
+
+from unittest import TestCase
+
+class test_Decimal(TestCase):
+    def test_construct(self):
+        self.assertEquals(str(Decimal('')), '0')
+        self.assertEquals(str(Decimal('0')), '0')
+        self.assertEquals(str(Decimal('0.2')), '0.2')
+        self.assertEquals(str(Decimal('-0.2')), '-0.2')
+        self.assertEquals(str(Decimal('3.1416')), '3.1416')
+
+    def test_accumulate(self):
+        d = Decimal()
+        d.accumulate('0.5')
+        d.accumulate('3.1416')
+        d.accumulate('-23.34234')
+        self.assertEquals(str(d), '-19.70074')

bin/ripple/util/test_Dict.py

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals
+
+from ripple.util import Dict
+
+from unittest import TestCase
+
+class test_Dict(TestCase):
+    def test_count_all_subitems(self):
+        self.assertEquals(Dict.count_all_subitems({}), 1)
+        self.assertEquals(Dict.count_all_subitems({'a': {}}), 2)
+        self.assertEquals(Dict.count_all_subitems([1]), 2)
+        self.assertEquals(Dict.count_all_subitems([1, 2]), 3)
+        self.assertEquals(Dict.count_all_subitems([1, {2: 3}]), 4)
+        self.assertEquals(Dict.count_all_subitems([1, {2: [3]}]), 5)
+        self.assertEquals(Dict.count_all_subitems([1, {2: [3, 4]}]), 6)
+
+    def test_prune(self):
+        self.assertEquals(Dict.prune({}, 0), {})
+        self.assertEquals(Dict.prune({}, 1), {})
+
+        self.assertEquals(Dict.prune({1: 2}, 0), '{dict with 1 subitem}')
+        self.assertEquals(Dict.prune({1: 2}, 1), {1: 2})
+        self.assertEquals(Dict.prune({1: 2}, 2), {1: 2})
+
+        self.assertEquals(Dict.prune([1, 2, 3], 0), '[list with 3 subitems]')
+        self.assertEquals(Dict.prune([1, 2, 3], 1), [1, 2, 3])
+
+        self.assertEquals(Dict.prune([{1: [2, 3]}], 0),
+                          '[list with 4 subitems]')
+        self.assertEquals(Dict.prune([{1: [2, 3]}], 1),
+                          ['{dict with 3 subitems}'])
+        self.assertEquals(Dict.prune([{1: [2, 3]}], 2),
+                          [{1: u'[list with 2 subitems]'}])
+        self.assertEquals(Dict.prune([{1: [2, 3]}], 3),
+                          [{1: [2, 3]}])
+
+    def test_prune_nosub(self):
+        self.assertEquals(Dict.prune({}, 0, False), {})
+        self.assertEquals(Dict.prune({}, 1, False), {})
+
+        self.assertEquals(Dict.prune({1: 2}, 0, False), '{dict with 1 subitem}')
+        self.assertEquals(Dict.prune({1: 2}, 1, False), {1: 2})
+        self.assertEquals(Dict.prune({1: 2}, 2, False), {1: 2})
+
+        self.assertEquals(Dict.prune([1, 2, 3], 0, False),
+                          '[list with 3 subitems]')
+        self.assertEquals(Dict.prune([1, 2, 3], 1, False), [1, 2, 3])
+
+        self.assertEquals(Dict.prune([{1: [2, 3]}], 0, False),
+                          '[list with 1 subitem]')
+        self.assertEquals(Dict.prune([{1: [2, 3]}], 1, False),
+                          ['{dict with 1 subitem}'])
+        self.assertEquals(Dict.prune([{1: [2, 3]}], 2, False),
+                          [{1: u'[list with 2 subitems]'}])
+        self.assertEquals(Dict.prune([{1: [2, 3]}], 3, False),
+                          [{1: [2, 3]}])

bin/ripple/util/test_Function.py

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals
+
+from ripple.util.Function import Function, MATCHER
+
+from unittest import TestCase
+
+def FN(*args, **kwds):
+    return args, kwds
+
+class test_Function(TestCase):
+    def match_test(self, item, *results):
+        self.assertEquals(MATCHER.match(item).groups(), results)
+
+    def test_simple(self):
+        self.match_test('function', 'function', '')
+        self.match_test('f(x)', 'f', '(x)')
+
+    def test_empty_function(self):
+        self.assertEquals(Function()(), None)
+
+    def test_function(self):
+        f = Function('ripple.util.test_Function.FN(True, {1: 2}, None)')
+        self.assertEquals(f(), ((True, {1: 2}, None), {}))
+        self.assertEquals(f('hello', foo='bar'),
+                          (('hello', True, {1: 2}, None), {'foo':'bar'}))

bin/ripple/util/test_Range.py

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals
+
+from ripple.util import Range
+
+from unittest import TestCase
+
+class test_Range(TestCase):
+    def round_trip(self, s, *items):
+        self.assertEquals(Range.from_string(s), set(items))
+        self.assertEquals(Range.to_string(items), s)
+
+    def test_complete(self):
+        self.round_trip('10,19', 10, 19)
+        self.round_trip('10', 10)
+        self.round_trip('10-12', 10, 11, 12)
+        self.round_trip('10,19,42-45', 10, 19, 42, 43, 44, 45)
+
+    def test_names(self):
+        self.assertEquals(
+            Range.from_string('first,last,current', first=1, last=3, current=5),
+            set([1, 3, 5]))
+
+    def test_is_range(self):
+        self.assertTrue(Range.is_range(''))
+        self.assertTrue(Range.is_range('10'))
+        self.assertTrue(Range.is_range('10,12'))
+        self.assertFalse(Range.is_range('10,12,fred'))
+        self.assertTrue(Range.is_range('10,12,fred', 'fred'))

bin/ripple/util/test_Search.py

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals
+
+from ripple.util.Search import binary_search, linear_search, FIRST, LAST
+
+from unittest import TestCase
+
+class test_Search(TestCase):
+    def condition(self, i):
+        return 10 <= i < 15;
+
+    def test_linear_full(self):
+        self.assertEquals(list(linear_search(range(21), self.condition)),
+                          [10, 11, 12, 13, 14])
+
+    def test_linear_partial(self):
+        self.assertEquals(list(linear_search(range(8, 14), self.condition)),
+                          [10, 11, 12, 13])
+        self.assertEquals(list(linear_search(range(11, 14), self.condition)),
+                          [11, 12, 13])
+        self.assertEquals(list(linear_search(range(12, 18), self.condition)),
+                          [12, 13, 14])
+
+    def test_linear_empty(self):
+        self.assertEquals(list(linear_search(range(1, 4), self.condition)), [])
+
+    def test_binary_first(self):
+        self.assertEquals(binary_search(0, 14, self.condition, FIRST), 10)
+        self.assertEquals(binary_search(10, 19, self.condition, FIRST), 10)
+        self.assertEquals(binary_search(14, 14, self.condition, FIRST), 14)
+        self.assertEquals(binary_search(14, 15, self.condition, FIRST), 14)
+        self.assertEquals(binary_search(13, 15, self.condition, FIRST), 13)
+
+    def test_binary_last(self):
+        self.assertEquals(binary_search(10, 20, self.condition, LAST), 14)
+        self.assertEquals(binary_search(0, 14, self.condition, LAST), 14)
+        self.assertEquals(binary_search(14, 14, self.condition, LAST), 14)
+        self.assertEquals(binary_search(14, 15, self.condition, LAST), 14)
+        self.assertEquals(binary_search(13, 15, self.condition, LAST), 14)
+
+    def test_binary_throws(self):
+        self.assertRaises(
+            ValueError, binary_search, 0, 20, self.condition, LAST)
+        self.assertRaises(
+            ValueError, binary_search, 0, 20, self.condition, FIRST)

bin/six.py

@@ -0,0 +1,747 @@
+"""Utilities for writing code that runs on Python 2 and 3"""
+
+# Copyright (c) 2010-2014 Benjamin Peterson
+#
+# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+# in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+# to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+# copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+#
+# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+# copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+#
+# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+# SOFTWARE.
+
+import functools
+import operator
+import sys
+import types
+
+__author__ = "Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>"
+__version__ = "1.7.3"
+
+
+# Useful for very coarse version differentiation.
+PY2 = sys.version_info[0] == 2
+PY3 = sys.version_info[0] == 3
+
+if PY3:
+    string_types = str,
+    integer_types = int,
+    class_types = type,
+    text_type = str
+    binary_type = bytes
+
+    MAXSIZE = sys.maxsize
+else:
+    string_types = basestring,
+    integer_types = (int, long)
+    class_types = (type, types.ClassType)
+    text_type = unicode
+    binary_type = str
+
+    if sys.platform.startswith("java"):
+        # Jython always uses 32 bits.
+        MAXSIZE = int((1 << 31) - 1)
+    else:
+        # It's possible to have sizeof(long) != sizeof(Py_ssize_t).
+        class X(object):
+            def __len__(self):
+                return 1 << 31
+        try:
+            len(X())
+        except OverflowError:
+            # 32-bit
+            MAXSIZE = int((1 << 31) - 1)
+        else:
+            # 64-bit
+            MAXSIZE = int((1 << 63) - 1)
+        del X
+
+
+def _add_doc(func, doc):
+    """Add documentation to a function."""
+    func.__doc__ = doc
+
+
+def _import_module(name):
+    """Import module, returning the module after the last dot."""
+    __import__(name)
+    return sys.modules[name]
+
+
+class _LazyDescr(object):
+
+    def __init__(self, name):
+        self.name = name
+
+    def __get__(self, obj, tp):
+        result = self._resolve()
+        setattr(obj, self.name, result) # Invokes __set__.
+        # This is a bit ugly, but it avoids running this again.
+        delattr(obj.__class__, self.name)
+        return result
+
+
+class MovedModule(_LazyDescr):
+
+    def __init__(self, name, old, new=None):
+        super(MovedModule, self).__init__(name)
+        if PY3:
+            if new is None:
+                new = name
+            self.mod = new
+        else:
+            self.mod = old
+
+    def _resolve(self):
+        return _import_module(self.mod)
+
+    def __getattr__(self, attr):
+        _module = self._resolve()
+        value = getattr(_module, attr)
+        setattr(self, attr, value)
+        return value
+
+
+class _LazyModule(types.ModuleType):
+
+    def __init__(self, name):
+        super(_LazyModule, self).__init__(name)
+        self.__doc__ = self.__class__.__doc__
+
+    def __dir__(self):
+        attrs = ["__doc__", "__name__"]
+        attrs += [attr.name for attr in self._moved_attributes]
+        return attrs
+
+    # Subclasses should override this
+    _moved_attributes = []
+
+
+class MovedAttribute(_LazyDescr):
+
+    def __init__(self, name, old_mod, new_mod, old_attr=None, new_attr=None):
+        super(MovedAttribute, self).__init__(name)
+        if PY3:
+            if new_mod is None:
+                new_mod = name
+            self.mod = new_mod
+            if new_attr is None:
+                if old_attr is None:
+                    new_attr = name
+                else:
+                    new_attr = old_attr
+            self.attr = new_attr
+        else:
+            self.mod = old_mod
+            if old_attr is None:
+                old_attr = name
+            self.attr = old_attr
+
+    def _resolve(self):
+        module = _import_module(self.mod)
+        return getattr(module, self.attr)
+
+
+class _SixMetaPathImporter(object):
+    """
+    A meta path importer to import six.moves and its submodules.
+
+    This class implements a PEP302 finder and loader. It should be compatible
+    with Python 2.5 and all existing versions of Python3
+    """
+    def __init__(self, six_module_name):
+        self.name = six_module_name
+        self.known_modules = {}
+
+    def _add_module(self, mod, *fullnames):
+        for fullname in fullnames:
+            self.known_modules[self.name + "." + fullname] = mod
+
+    def _get_module(self, fullname):
+        return self.known_modules[self.name + "." + fullname]
+
+    def find_module(self, fullname, path=None):
+        if fullname in self.known_modules:
+            return self
+        return None
+
+    def __get_module(self, fullname):
+        try:
+            return self.known_modules[fullname]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise ImportError("This loader does not know module " + fullname)
+
+    def load_module(self, fullname):
+        try:
+            # in case of a reload
+            return sys.modules[fullname]
+        except KeyError:
+            pass
+        mod = self.__get_module(fullname)
+        if isinstance(mod, MovedModule):
+            mod = mod._resolve()
+        else:
+            mod.__loader__ = self
+        sys.modules[fullname] = mod
+        return mod
+
+    def is_package(self, fullname):
+        """
+        Return true, if the named module is a package.
+
+        We need this method to get correct spec objects with
+        Python 3.4 (see PEP451)
+        """
+        return hasattr(self.__get_module(fullname), "__path__")
+
+    def get_code(self, fullname):
+        """Return None
+
+        Required, if is_package is implemented"""
+        self.__get_module(fullname)  # eventually raises ImportError
+        return None
+    get_source = get_code  # same as get_code
+
+_importer = _SixMetaPathImporter(__name__)
+
+
+class _MovedItems(_LazyModule):
+    """Lazy loading of moved objects"""
+    __path__ = []  # mark as package
+
+
+_moved_attributes = [
+    MovedAttribute("cStringIO", "cStringIO", "io", "StringIO"),
+    MovedAttribute("filter", "itertools", "builtins", "ifilter", "filter"),
+    MovedAttribute("filterfalse", "itertools", "itertools", "ifilterfalse", "filterfalse"),
+    MovedAttribute("input", "__builtin__", "builtins", "raw_input", "input"),
+    MovedAttribute("map", "itertools", "builtins", "imap", "map"),
+    MovedAttribute("range", "__builtin__", "builtins", "xrange", "range"),
+    MovedAttribute("reload_module", "__builtin__", "imp", "reload"),
+    MovedAttribute("reduce", "__builtin__", "functools"),
+    MovedAttribute("StringIO", "StringIO", "io"),
+    MovedAttribute("UserDict", "UserDict", "collections"),
+    MovedAttribute("UserList", "UserList", "collections"),
+    MovedAttribute("UserString", "UserString", "collections"),
+    MovedAttribute("xrange", "__builtin__", "builtins", "xrange", "range"),
+    MovedAttribute("zip", "itertools", "builtins", "izip", "zip"),
+    MovedAttribute("zip_longest", "itertools", "itertools", "izip_longest", "zip_longest"),
+
+    MovedModule("builtins", "__builtin__"),
+    MovedModule("configparser", "ConfigParser"),
+    MovedModule("copyreg", "copy_reg"),
+    MovedModule("dbm_gnu", "gdbm", "dbm.gnu"),
+    MovedModule("_dummy_thread", "dummy_thread", "_dummy_thread"),
+    MovedModule("http_cookiejar", "cookielib", "http.cookiejar"),
+    MovedModule("http_cookies", "Cookie", "http.cookies"),
+    MovedModule("html_entities", "htmlentitydefs", "html.entities"),
+    MovedModule("html_parser", "HTMLParser", "html.parser"),
+    MovedModule("http_client", "httplib", "http.client"),
+    MovedModule("email_mime_multipart", "email.MIMEMultipart", "email.mime.multipart"),
+    MovedModule("email_mime_text", "email.MIMEText", "email.mime.text"),
+    MovedModule("email_mime_base", "email.MIMEBase", "email.mime.base"),
+    MovedModule("BaseHTTPServer", "BaseHTTPServer", "http.server"),
+    MovedModule("CGIHTTPServer", "CGIHTTPServer", "http.server"),
+    MovedModule("SimpleHTTPServer", "SimpleHTTPServer", "http.server"),
+    MovedModule("cPickle", "cPickle", "pickle"),
+    MovedModule("queue", "Queue"),
+    MovedModule("reprlib", "repr"),
+    MovedModule("socketserver", "SocketServer"),
+    MovedModule("_thread", "thread", "_thread"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter", "Tkinter"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_dialog", "Dialog", "tkinter.dialog"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_filedialog", "FileDialog", "tkinter.filedialog"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_scrolledtext", "ScrolledText", "tkinter.scrolledtext"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_simpledialog", "SimpleDialog", "tkinter.simpledialog"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_tix", "Tix", "tkinter.tix"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_ttk", "ttk", "tkinter.ttk"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_constants", "Tkconstants", "tkinter.constants"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_dnd", "Tkdnd", "tkinter.dnd"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_colorchooser", "tkColorChooser",
+                "tkinter.colorchooser"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_commondialog", "tkCommonDialog",
+                "tkinter.commondialog"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_tkfiledialog", "tkFileDialog", "tkinter.filedialog"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_font", "tkFont", "tkinter.font"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_messagebox", "tkMessageBox", "tkinter.messagebox"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_tksimpledialog", "tkSimpleDialog",
+                "tkinter.simpledialog"),
+    MovedModule("urllib_parse", __name__ + ".moves.urllib_parse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedModule("urllib_error", __name__ + ".moves.urllib_error", "urllib.error"),
+    MovedModule("urllib", __name__ + ".moves.urllib", __name__ + ".moves.urllib"),
+    MovedModule("urllib_robotparser", "robotparser", "urllib.robotparser"),
+    MovedModule("xmlrpc_client", "xmlrpclib", "xmlrpc.client"),
+    MovedModule("xmlrpc_server", "SimpleXMLRPCServer", "xmlrpc.server"),
+    MovedModule("winreg", "_winreg"),
+]
+for attr in _moved_attributes:
+    setattr(_MovedItems, attr.name, attr)
+    if isinstance(attr, MovedModule):
+        _importer._add_module(attr, "moves." + attr.name)
+del attr
+
+_MovedItems._moved_attributes = _moved_attributes
+
+moves = _MovedItems(__name__ + ".moves")
+_importer._add_module(moves, "moves")
+
+
+class Module_six_moves_urllib_parse(_LazyModule):
+    """Lazy loading of moved objects in six.moves.urllib_parse"""
+
+
+_urllib_parse_moved_attributes = [
+    MovedAttribute("ParseResult", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("SplitResult", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("parse_qs", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("parse_qsl", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("urldefrag", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("urljoin", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("urlparse", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("urlsplit", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("urlunparse", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("urlunsplit", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("quote", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("quote_plus", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("unquote", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("unquote_plus", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("urlencode", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("splitquery", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+]
+for attr in _urllib_parse_moved_attributes:
+    setattr(Module_six_moves_urllib_parse, attr.name, attr)
+del attr
+
+Module_six_moves_urllib_parse._moved_attributes = _urllib_parse_moved_attributes
+
+_importer._add_module(Module_six_moves_urllib_parse(__name__ + ".moves.urllib_parse"),
+                      "moves.urllib_parse", "moves.urllib.parse")
+
+
+class Module_six_moves_urllib_error(_LazyModule):
+    """Lazy loading of moved objects in six.moves.urllib_error"""
+
+
+_urllib_error_moved_attributes = [
+    MovedAttribute("URLError", "urllib2", "urllib.error"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPError", "urllib2", "urllib.error"),
+    MovedAttribute("ContentTooShortError", "urllib", "urllib.error"),
+]
+for attr in _urllib_error_moved_attributes:
+    setattr(Module_six_moves_urllib_error, attr.name, attr)
+del attr
+
+Module_six_moves_urllib_error._moved_attributes = _urllib_error_moved_attributes
+
+_importer._add_module(Module_six_moves_urllib_error(__name__ + ".moves.urllib.error"),
+                      "moves.urllib_error", "moves.urllib.error")
+
+
+class Module_six_moves_urllib_request(_LazyModule):
+    """Lazy loading of moved objects in six.moves.urllib_request"""
+
+
+_urllib_request_moved_attributes = [
+    MovedAttribute("urlopen", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("install_opener", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("build_opener", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("pathname2url", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("url2pathname", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("getproxies", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("Request", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("OpenerDirector", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPDefaultErrorHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPRedirectHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPCookieProcessor", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("ProxyHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("BaseHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPPasswordMgr", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("AbstractBasicAuthHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPBasicAuthHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("ProxyBasicAuthHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("AbstractDigestAuthHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPDigestAuthHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("ProxyDigestAuthHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPSHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("FileHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("FTPHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("CacheFTPHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("UnknownHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPErrorProcessor", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("urlretrieve", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("urlcleanup", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("URLopener", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("FancyURLopener", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("proxy_bypass", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+]
+for attr in _urllib_request_moved_attributes:
+    setattr(Module_six_moves_urllib_request, attr.name, attr)
+del attr
+
+Module_six_moves_urllib_request._moved_attributes = _urllib_request_moved_attributes
+
+_importer._add_module(Module_six_moves_urllib_request(__name__ + ".moves.urllib.request"),
+                      "moves.urllib_request", "moves.urllib.request")
+
+
+class Module_six_moves_urllib_response(_LazyModule):
+    """Lazy loading of moved objects in six.moves.urllib_response"""
+
+
+_urllib_response_moved_attributes = [
+    MovedAttribute("addbase", "urllib", "urllib.response"),
+    MovedAttribute("addclosehook", "urllib", "urllib.response"),
+    MovedAttribute("addinfo", "urllib", "urllib.response"),
+    MovedAttribute("addinfourl", "urllib", "urllib.response"),
+]
+for attr in _urllib_response_moved_attributes:
+    setattr(Module_six_moves_urllib_response, attr.name, attr)
+del attr
+
+Module_six_moves_urllib_response._moved_attributes = _urllib_response_moved_attributes
+
+_importer._add_module(Module_six_moves_urllib_response(__name__ + ".moves.urllib.response"),
+                      "moves.urllib_response", "moves.urllib.response")
+
+
+class Module_six_moves_urllib_robotparser(_LazyModule):
+    """Lazy loading of moved objects in six.moves.urllib_robotparser"""
+
+
+_urllib_robotparser_moved_attributes = [
+    MovedAttribute("RobotFileParser", "robotparser", "urllib.robotparser"),
+]
+for attr in _urllib_robotparser_moved_attributes:
+    setattr(Module_six_moves_urllib_robotparser, attr.name, attr)
+del attr
+
+Module_six_moves_urllib_robotparser._moved_attributes = _urllib_robotparser_moved_attributes
+
+_importer._add_module(Module_six_moves_urllib_robotparser(__name__ + ".moves.urllib.robotparser"),
+                      "moves.urllib_robotparser", "moves.urllib.robotparser")
+
+
+class Module_six_moves_urllib(types.ModuleType):
+    """Create a six.moves.urllib namespace that resembles the Python 3 namespace"""
+    __path__ = []  # mark as package
+    parse = _importer._get_module("moves.urllib_parse")
+    error = _importer._get_module("moves.urllib_error")
+    request = _importer._get_module("moves.urllib_request")
+    response = _importer._get_module("moves.urllib_response")
+    robotparser = _importer._get_module("moves.urllib_robotparser")
+
+    def __dir__(self):
+        return ['parse', 'error', 'request', 'response', 'robotparser']
+
+_importer._add_module(Module_six_moves_urllib(__name__ + ".moves.urllib"),
+                      "moves.urllib")
+
+
+def add_move(move):
+    """Add an item to six.moves."""
+    setattr(_MovedItems, move.name, move)
+
+
+def remove_move(name):
+    """Remove item from six.moves."""
+    try:
+        delattr(_MovedItems, name)
+    except AttributeError:
+        try:
+            del moves.__dict__[name]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise AttributeError("no such move, %r" % (name,))
+
+
+if PY3:
+    _meth_func = "__func__"
+    _meth_self = "__self__"
+
+    _func_closure = "__closure__"
+    _func_code = "__code__"
+    _func_defaults = "__defaults__"
+    _func_globals = "__globals__"
+else:
+    _meth_func = "im_func"
+    _meth_self = "im_self"
+
+    _func_closure = "func_closure"
+    _func_code = "func_code"
+    _func_defaults = "func_defaults"
+    _func_globals = "func_globals"
+
+
+try:
+    advance_iterator = next
+except NameError:
+    def advance_iterator(it):
+        return it.next()
+next = advance_iterator
+
+
+try:
+    callable = callable
+except NameError:
+    def callable(obj):
+        return any("__call__" in klass.__dict__ for klass in type(obj).__mro__)
+
+
+if PY3:
+    def get_unbound_function(unbound):
+        return unbound
+
+    create_bound_method = types.MethodType
+
+    Iterator = object
+else:
+    def get_unbound_function(unbound):
+        return unbound.im_func
+
+    def create_bound_method(func, obj):
+        return types.MethodType(func, obj, obj.__class__)
+
+    class Iterator(object):
+
+        def next(self):
+            return type(self).__next__(self)
+
+    callable = callable
+_add_doc(get_unbound_function,
+         """Get the function out of a possibly unbound function""")
+
+
+get_method_function = operator.attrgetter(_meth_func)
+get_method_self = operator.attrgetter(_meth_self)
+get_function_closure = operator.attrgetter(_func_closure)
+get_function_code = operator.attrgetter(_func_code)
+get_function_defaults = operator.attrgetter(_func_defaults)
+get_function_globals = operator.attrgetter(_func_globals)
+
+
+if PY3:
+    def iterkeys(d, **kw):
+        return iter(d.keys(**kw))
+
+    def itervalues(d, **kw):
+        return iter(d.values(**kw))
+
+    def iteritems(d, **kw):
+        return iter(d.items(**kw))
+
+    def iterlists(d, **kw):
+        return iter(d.lists(**kw))
+else:
+    def iterkeys(d, **kw):
+        return iter(d.iterkeys(**kw))
+
+    def itervalues(d, **kw):
+        return iter(d.itervalues(**kw))
+
+    def iteritems(d, **kw):
+        return iter(d.iteritems(**kw))
+
+    def iterlists(d, **kw):
+        return iter(d.iterlists(**kw))
+
+_add_doc(iterkeys, "Return an iterator over the keys of a dictionary.")
+_add_doc(itervalues, "Return an iterator over the values of a dictionary.")
+_add_doc(iteritems,
+         "Return an iterator over the (key, value) pairs of a dictionary.")
+_add_doc(iterlists,
+         "Return an iterator over the (key, [values]) pairs of a dictionary.")
+
+
+if PY3:
+    def b(s):
+        return s.encode("latin-1")
+    def u(s):
+        return s
+    unichr = chr
+    if sys.version_info[1] <= 1:
+        def int2byte(i):
+            return bytes((i,))
+    else:
+        # This is about 2x faster than the implementation above on 3.2+
+        int2byte = operator.methodcaller("to_bytes", 1, "big")
+    byte2int = operator.itemgetter(0)
+    indexbytes = operator.getitem
+    iterbytes = iter
+    import io
+    StringIO = io.StringIO
+    BytesIO = io.BytesIO
+else:
+    def b(s):
+        return s
+    # Workaround for standalone backslash
+    def u(s):
+        return unicode(s.replace(r'\\', r'\\\\'), "unicode_escape")
+    unichr = unichr
+    int2byte = chr
+    def byte2int(bs):
+        return ord(bs[0])
+    def indexbytes(buf, i):
+        return ord(buf[i])
+    def iterbytes(buf):
+        return (ord(byte) for byte in buf)
+    import StringIO
+    StringIO = BytesIO = StringIO.StringIO
+_add_doc(b, """Byte literal""")
+_add_doc(u, """Text literal""")
+
+
+if PY3:
+    exec_ = getattr(moves.builtins, "exec")
+
+
+    def reraise(tp, value, tb=None):
+        if value.__traceback__ is not tb:
+            raise value.with_traceback(tb)
+        raise value
+
+else:
+    def exec_(_code_, _globs_=None, _locs_=None):
+        """Execute code in a namespace."""
+        if _globs_ is None:
+            frame = sys._getframe(1)
+            _globs_ = frame.f_globals
+            if _locs_ is None:
+                _locs_ = frame.f_locals
+            del frame
+        elif _locs_ is None:
+            _locs_ = _globs_
+        exec("""exec _code_ in _globs_, _locs_""")
+
+
+    exec_("""def reraise(tp, value, tb=None):
+    raise tp, value, tb
+""")
+
+
+print_ = getattr(moves.builtins, "print", None)
+if print_ is None:
+    def print_(*args, **kwargs):
+        """The new-style print function for Python 2.4 and 2.5."""
+        fp = kwargs.pop("file", sys.stdout)
+        if fp is None:
+            return
+        def write(data):
+            if not isinstance(data, basestring):
+                data = str(data)
+            # If the file has an encoding, encode unicode with it.
+            if (isinstance(fp, file) and
+                isinstance(data, unicode) and
+                fp.encoding is not None):
+                errors = getattr(fp, "errors", None)
+                if errors is None:
+                    errors = "strict"
+                data = data.encode(fp.encoding, errors)
+            fp.write(data)
+        want_unicode = False
+        sep = kwargs.pop("sep", None)
+        if sep is not None:
+            if isinstance(sep, unicode):
+                want_unicode = True
+            elif not isinstance(sep, str):
+                raise TypeError("sep must be None or a string")
+        end = kwargs.pop("end", None)
+        if end is not None:
+            if isinstance(end, unicode):
+                want_unicode = True
+            elif not isinstance(end, str):
+                raise TypeError("end must be None or a string")
+        if kwargs:
+            raise TypeError("invalid keyword arguments to print()")
+        if not want_unicode:
+            for arg in args:
+                if isinstance(arg, unicode):
+                    want_unicode = True
+                    break
+        if want_unicode:
+            newline = unicode("\n")
+            space = unicode(" ")
+        else:
+            newline = "\n"
+            space = " "
+        if sep is None:
+            sep = space
+        if end is None:
+            end = newline
+        for i, arg in enumerate(args):
+            if i:
+                write(sep)
+            write(arg)
+        write(end)
+
+_add_doc(reraise, """Reraise an exception.""")
+
+if sys.version_info[0:2] < (3, 4):
+    def wraps(wrapped):
+        def wrapper(f):
+            f = functools.wraps(wrapped)(f)
+            f.__wrapped__ = wrapped
+            return f
+        return wrapper
+else:
+    wraps = functools.wraps
+
+def with_metaclass(meta, *bases):
+    """Create a base class with a metaclass."""
+    # This requires a bit of explanation: the basic idea is to make a dummy
+    # metaclass for one level of class instantiation that replaces itself with
+    # the actual metaclass.
+    class metaclass(meta):
+        def __new__(cls, name, this_bases, d):
+            return meta(name, bases, d)
+    return type.__new__(metaclass, 'temporary_class', (), {})
+
+
+def add_metaclass(metaclass):
+    """Class decorator for creating a class with a metaclass."""
+    def wrapper(cls):
+        orig_vars = cls.__dict__.copy()
+        orig_vars.pop('__dict__', None)
+        orig_vars.pop('__weakref__', None)
+        slots = orig_vars.get('__slots__')
+        if slots is not None:
+            if isinstance(slots, str):
+                slots = [slots]
+            for slots_var in slots:
+                orig_vars.pop(slots_var)
+        return metaclass(cls.__name__, cls.__bases__, orig_vars)
+    return wrapper
+
+# Complete the moves implementation.
+# This code is at the end of this module to speed up module loading.
+# Turn this module into a package.
+__path__ = []  # required for PEP 302 and PEP 451
+__package__ = __name__  # see PEP 366 @ReservedAssignment
+if globals().get("__spec__") is not None:
+    __spec__.submodule_search_locations = []  # PEP 451 @UndefinedVariable
+# Remove other six meta path importers, since they cause problems. This can
+# happen if six is removed from sys.modules and then reloaded. (Setuptools does
+# this for some reason.)
+if sys.meta_path:
+    for i, importer in enumerate(sys.meta_path):
+        # Here's some real nastiness: Another "instance" of the six module might
+        # be floating around. Therefore, we can't use isinstance() to check for
+        # the six meta path importer, since the other six instance will have
+        # inserted an importer with different class.
+        if (type(importer).__name__ == "_SixMetaPathImporter" and
+            importer.name == __name__):
+            del sys.meta_path[i]
+            break
+    del i, importer
+# Finally, add the importer to the meta path import hook.
+sys.meta_path.append(_importer)