diff --git a/src/Amount.cpp b/src/Amount.cpp
index 1e2db3124c..e6616a9c35 100644
--- a/src/Amount.cpp
+++ b/src/Amount.cpp
@@ -880,6 +880,30 @@ STAmount STAmount::deserialize(SerializerIterator& it)
 }
 
 std::string STAmount::getFullText() const
+{
+	if (mIsNative)
+	{
+		return str(boost::format("%s/" SYSTEM_CURRENCY_CODE) % getText());
+	}
+	else if (!mIssuer)
+	{
+		return str(boost::format("%s/%s/0") % getText() % getHumanCurrency());
+	}
+	else if (mIssuer == ACCOUNT_ONE)
+	{
+		return str(boost::format("%s/%s/1") % getText() % getHumanCurrency());
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		return str(boost::format("%s/%s/%s")
+			% getText()
+			% getHumanCurrency()
+			% NewcoinAddress::createHumanAccountID(mIssuer));
+	}
+}
+
+#if 0
+std::string STAmount::getExtendedText() const
 {
 	if (mIsNative)
 	{
@@ -887,7 +911,7 @@ std::string STAmount::getFullText() const
 	}
 	else
 	{
-		return str(boost::format("%s %s/%s %dE%d" )
+		return str(boost::format("%s/%s/%s %dE%d" )
 			% getText()
 			% getHumanCurrency()
 			% NewcoinAddress::createHumanAccountID(mIssuer)
@@ -895,6 +919,7 @@ std::string STAmount::getFullText() const
 			% getExponent());
 	}
 }
+#endif
 
 Json::Value STAmount::getJson(int) const
 {
diff --git a/src/SNTPClient.cpp b/src/SNTPClient.cpp
index 444b7b6c73..d204b6a8ec 100644
--- a/src/SNTPClient.cpp
+++ b/src/SNTPClient.cpp
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include <openssl/rand.h>
 
 #include "utils.h"
+#include "Config.h"
 #include "Log.h"
 
 // #define SNTP_DEBUG
@@ -43,13 +44,16 @@ static uint8_t SNTPQueryData[48] =
 SNTPClient::SNTPClient(boost::asio::io_service& service) : mSocket(service), mTimer(service), mResolver(service),
 		mOffset(0), mLastOffsetUpdate((time_t) -1), mReceiveBuffer(256)
 {
-	mSocket.open(boost::asio::ip::udp::v4());
-	mSocket.async_receive_from(boost::asio::buffer(mReceiveBuffer, 256), mReceiveEndpoint,
-		boost::bind(&SNTPClient::receivePacket, this, boost::asio::placeholders::error,
-			boost::asio::placeholders::bytes_transferred));
-	
-	mTimer.expires_from_now(boost::posix_time::seconds(NTP_QUERY_FREQUENCY));
-	mTimer.async_wait(boost::bind(&SNTPClient::timerEntry, this, boost::asio::placeholders::error));
+	if (!theConfig.RUN_STANDALONE)
+	{
+		mSocket.open(boost::asio::ip::udp::v4());
+		mSocket.async_receive_from(boost::asio::buffer(mReceiveBuffer, 256), mReceiveEndpoint,
+			boost::bind(&SNTPClient::receivePacket, this, boost::asio::placeholders::error,
+				boost::asio::placeholders::bytes_transferred));
+
+		mTimer.expires_from_now(boost::posix_time::seconds(NTP_QUERY_FREQUENCY));
+		mTimer.async_wait(boost::bind(&SNTPClient::timerEntry, this, boost::asio::placeholders::error));
+	}
 }
 
 void SNTPClient::resolveComplete(const boost::system::error_code& error, boost::asio::ip::udp::resolver::iterator it)
@@ -247,3 +251,4 @@ bool SNTPClient::doQuery()
 #endif
 	return true;
 }
+// vim:ts=4
diff --git a/src/SNTPClient.h b/src/SNTPClient.h
index 51adf3ceb2..c2bf75ec63 100644
--- a/src/SNTPClient.h
+++ b/src/SNTPClient.h
@@ -56,3 +56,4 @@ public:
 };
 
 #endif
+// vim:ts=4
diff --git a/src/SerializedTypes.h b/src/SerializedTypes.h
index 63977102ca..b1a264cde4 100644
--- a/src/SerializedTypes.h
+++ b/src/SerializedTypes.h
@@ -50,6 +50,12 @@ enum PathFlags
 	PF_ISSUE			= 0x80,
 };
 
+#define QUALITY_ONE			100000000	// 10e9
+#define CURRENCY_XNS		uint160(0)
+#define CURRENCY_ONE		uint160(1)	// Used as a place holder
+#define ACCOUNT_XNS			uint160(0)
+#define ACCOUNT_ONE			uint160(1)	// Used as a place holder
+
 class SerializedType
 {
 protected:
diff --git a/src/TransactionEngine.cpp b/src/TransactionEngine.cpp
index 45f1e5a113..17299b346b 100644
--- a/src/TransactionEngine.cpp
+++ b/src/TransactionEngine.cpp
@@ -21,12 +21,6 @@
 #define DIR_NODE_MAX		2
 #define RIPPLE_PATHS_MAX	3
 
-#define QUALITY_ONE			100000000	// 10e9
-#define CURRENCY_XNS		uint160(0)
-#define CURRENCY_ONE		uint160(1)	// Used as a place holder
-#define ACCOUNT_XNS			uint160(0)
-#define ACCOUNT_ONE			uint160(1)	// Used as a place holder
-
 static STAmount saZero(CURRENCY_ONE, 0, 0);
 static STAmount saOne(CURRENCY_ONE, 1, 0);
 
@@ -113,13 +107,24 @@ STAmount TransactionEngine::rippleBalance(const uint160& uToAccountID, const uin
 	STAmount		saBalance;
 	SLE::pointer	sleRippleState	= entryCache(ltRIPPLE_STATE, Ledger::getRippleStateIndex(uToAccountID, uFromAccountID, uCurrencyID));
 
-	assert(sleRippleState);
 	if (sleRippleState)
 	{
 		saBalance	= sleRippleState->getIValueFieldAmount(sfBalance);
 		if (uToAccountID < uFromAccountID)
 			saBalance.negate();
 	}
+	else
+	{
+		Log(lsINFO) << "rippleBalance: No credit line between "
+			<< NewcoinAddress::createHumanAccountID(uFromAccountID)
+			<< " and "
+			<< NewcoinAddress::createHumanAccountID(uToAccountID)
+			<< " for "
+			<< STAmount::createHumanCurrency(uCurrencyID)
+			<< "." ;
+
+		assert(false);
+	}
 
 	return saBalance;
 
@@ -164,7 +169,13 @@ uint32 TransactionEngine::rippleQualityIn(const uint160& uToAccountID, const uin
 
 		if (sleRippleState)
 		{
-			uQualityIn	= sleRippleState->getIFieldU32(uToAccountID < uFromAccountID ? sfLowQualityIn : sfHighQualityIn);
+			SOE_Field	sfField	= uToAccountID < uFromAccountID ? sfLowQualityIn : sfHighQualityIn;
+
+			uQualityIn	= sleRippleState->getIFieldPresent(sfField)
+							? sleRippleState->getIFieldU32(sfField)
+							: QUALITY_ONE;
+			if (!uQualityIn)
+				uQualityIn	= 1;
 		}
 		else
 		{
@@ -190,6 +201,8 @@ uint32 TransactionEngine::rippleQualityOut(const uint160& uToAccountID, const ui
 		if (sleRippleState)
 		{
 			uQualityOut	= sleRippleState->getIFieldU32(uToAccountID < uFromAccountID ? sfLowQualityOut : sfHighQualityOut);
+			if (!uQualityOut)
+				uQualityOut	= 1;
 		}
 		else
 		{
@@ -305,11 +318,11 @@ STAmount TransactionEngine::rippleTransfer(const uint160& uSenderID, const uint1
 }
 
 // Direct send w/o fees: redeeming IOUs and/or sending own IOUs.
-void TransactionEngine::rippleCredit(const uint160& uSenderID, const uint160& uReceiverID, const STAmount& saAmount)
+void TransactionEngine::rippleCredit(const uint160& uSenderID, const uint160& uReceiverID, const STAmount& saAmount, bool bCheckIssuer)
 {
 	uint160				uIssuerID		= saAmount.getIssuer();
 
-	assert(uSenderID == uIssuerID || uReceiverID == uIssuerID);
+	assert(!bCheckIssuer || uSenderID == uIssuerID || uReceiverID == uIssuerID);
 
 	bool				bFlipped		= uSenderID > uReceiverID;
 	uint256				uIndex			= Ledger::getRippleStateIndex(uSenderID, uReceiverID, saAmount.getCurrency());
@@ -2505,6 +2518,7 @@ void TransactionEngine::calcNodeOffer(
 // actual send toward the reciver.
 // This routine works backwards as it calculates previous wants based on previous credit limits and current wants.
 // This routine works forwards as it calculates current deliver based on previous delivery limits and current wants.
+// XXX Deal with uQualityIn or uQualityOut = 0
 void TransactionEngine::calcNodeRipple(
 	const uint32 uQualityIn,
 	const uint32 uQualityOut,
@@ -2513,10 +2527,29 @@ void TransactionEngine::calcNodeRipple(
 	STAmount& saPrvAct,			// <-> in limit including achieved
 	STAmount& saCurAct)			// <-> out limit achieved.
 {
+	Log(lsINFO) << str(boost::format("calcNodeRipple> uQualityIn=%d uQualityOut=%d saPrvReq=%s saCurReq=%s saPrvAct=%s saCurAct=%s")
+		% uQualityIn
+		% uQualityOut
+		% saPrvReq.getFullText()
+		% saCurReq.getFullText()
+		% saPrvAct.getFullText()
+		% saCurAct.getFullText());
+
+	assert(saPrvReq.getCurrency() == saCurReq.getCurrency());
+
 	bool		bPrvUnlimited	= saPrvReq.isNegative();
-	STAmount	saPrv			= bPrvUnlimited ? saZero : saPrvReq-saPrvAct;
+	STAmount	saPrv			= bPrvUnlimited ? STAmount(saPrvReq) : saPrvReq-saPrvAct;
 	STAmount	saCur			= saCurReq-saCurAct;
 
+	Log(lsINFO) << str(boost::format("calcNodeRipple:1: saCurReq=%s") % saCurReq.getFullText());
+
+#if 0
+	Log(lsINFO) << str(boost::format("calcNodeRipple: bPrvUnlimited=%d saPrv=%s saCur=%s")
+		% bPrvUnlimited
+		% saPrv.getFullText()
+		% saCur.getFullText());
+#endif
+
 	if (uQualityIn >= uQualityOut)
 	{
 		// No fee.
@@ -2528,23 +2561,37 @@ void TransactionEngine::calcNodeRipple(
 	else
 	{
 		// Fee.
-		STAmount	saCurIn	= STAmount::divide(STAmount::multiply(saCur, uQualityOut, CURRENCY_ONE), uQualityIn, CURRENCY_ONE);
+		uint160		uCurrencyID	= saCur.getCurrency();
+		STAmount	saCurIn		= STAmount::divide(STAmount::multiply(saCur, uQualityOut, uCurrencyID), uQualityIn, uCurrencyID);
+Log(lsINFO) << str(boost::format("calcNodeRipple:2: saCurReq=%s") % saCurReq.getFullText());
 
 		if (bPrvUnlimited || saCurIn >= saPrv)
 		{
 			// All of cur. Some amount of prv.
+Log(lsINFO) << str(boost::format("calcNodeRipple:3a: saCurReq=%s") % saCurReq.getFullText());
 			saCurAct	= saCurReq;
 			saPrvAct	+= saCurIn;
+Log(lsINFO) << str(boost::format("calcNodeRipple:3c: saCurReq=%s saPrvAct=%s") % saCurReq.getFullText() % saPrvAct.getFullText());
 		}
 		else
 		{
 			// A part of cur. All of prv. (cur as driver)
-			STAmount	saCurOut	= STAmount::divide(STAmount::multiply(saPrv, uQualityIn, CURRENCY_ONE), uQualityOut, CURRENCY_ONE);
+			uint160		uCurrencyID	= saPrv.getCurrency();
+			STAmount	saCurOut	= STAmount::divide(STAmount::multiply(saPrv, uQualityIn, uCurrencyID), uQualityOut, uCurrencyID);
+Log(lsINFO) << str(boost::format("calcNodeRipple:4: saCurReq=%s") % saCurReq.getFullText());
 
 			saCurAct	+= saCurOut;
 			saPrvAct	= saPrvReq;
 		}
 	}
+
+	Log(lsINFO) << str(boost::format("calcNodeRipple< uQualityIn=%d uQualityOut=%d saPrvReq=%s saCurReq=%s saPrvAct=%s saCurAct=%s")
+		% uQualityIn
+		% uQualityOut
+		% saPrvReq.getFullText()
+		% saCurReq.getFullText()
+		% saPrvAct.getFullText()
+		% saCurAct.getFullText());
 }
 
 // Calculate saPrvRedeemReq, saPrvIssueReq, saPrvDeliver;
@@ -2561,59 +2608,80 @@ bool TransactionEngine::calcNodeAccountRev(unsigned int uIndex, PathState::point
 	bool			bPrvRedeem		= !!(prvPN.uFlags & STPathElement::typeRedeem);
 	bool			bIssue			= !!(curPN.uFlags & STPathElement::typeIssue);
 	bool			bPrvIssue		= !!(prvPN.uFlags & STPathElement::typeIssue);
-	bool			bPrvAccount		= !!(prvPN.uFlags & STPathElement::typeAccount);
-	bool			bNxtAccount		= !!(nxtPN.uFlags & STPathElement::typeAccount);
+	bool			bPrvAccount		= !uIndex || !!(prvPN.uFlags & STPathElement::typeAccount);
+	bool			bNxtAccount		= uIndex == uLast || !!(nxtPN.uFlags & STPathElement::typeAccount);
 
-	uint160&		uPrvAccountID	= prvPN.uAccountID;
-	uint160&		uCurAccountID	= curPN.uAccountID;
-	uint160&		uNxtAccountID	= bNxtAccount ? nxtPN.uAccountID : uCurAccountID;	// Offers are always issue.
+	const uint160&	uPrvAccountID	= prvPN.uAccountID;
+	const uint160&	uCurAccountID	= curPN.uAccountID;
+	const uint160&	uNxtAccountID	= bNxtAccount ? nxtPN.uAccountID : uCurAccountID;	// Offers are always issue.
 
-	uint160&		uCurrencyID		= curPN.uCurrencyID;
+	const uint160&	uCurrencyID		= curPN.uCurrencyID;
 
-	uint32			uQualityIn		= rippleQualityIn(uCurAccountID, uPrvAccountID, uCurrencyID);
-	uint32			uQualityOut		= rippleQualityOut(uCurAccountID, uNxtAccountID, uCurrencyID);
+	const uint32	uQualityIn		= uIndex ? rippleQualityIn(uCurAccountID, uPrvAccountID, uCurrencyID) : 1;
+	const uint32	uQualityOut		= uIndex != uLast ? rippleQualityOut(uCurAccountID, uNxtAccountID, uCurrencyID) : 1;
 
 	// For bPrvAccount
-	STAmount		saPrvBalance	= bPrvAccount ? rippleBalance(uCurAccountID, uPrvAccountID, uCurrencyID) : saZero;
-	STAmount		saPrvLimit		= bPrvAccount ? rippleLimit(uCurAccountID, uPrvAccountID, uCurrencyID) : saZero;
+	const STAmount	saPrvBalance	= uIndex && bPrvAccount ? rippleBalance(uCurAccountID, uPrvAccountID, uCurrencyID) : STAmount(uCurrencyID);
+	const STAmount	saPrvLimit		= uIndex && bPrvAccount ? rippleLimit(uCurAccountID, uPrvAccountID, uCurrencyID) : STAmount(uCurrencyID);
 
-	STAmount		saPrvRedeemReq	= bPrvRedeem && saPrvBalance.isNegative() ? -saPrvBalance : STAmount(uCurrencyID, 0);
+	const STAmount	saPrvRedeemReq	= bPrvRedeem && saPrvBalance.isNegative() ? -saPrvBalance : STAmount(uCurrencyID, 0);
 	STAmount&		saPrvRedeemAct	= prvPN.saRevRedeem;
 
-	STAmount		saPrvIssueReq	= bPrvIssue && saPrvLimit - saPrvBalance;
+	const STAmount	saPrvIssueReq	= bPrvIssue ? saPrvLimit - saPrvBalance : STAmount(uCurrencyID);
 	STAmount&		saPrvIssueAct	= prvPN.saRevIssue;
 
 	// For !bPrvAccount
-	STAmount		saPrvDeliverReq	= STAmount(uCurrencyID, -1);	// Unlimited.
+	const STAmount	saPrvDeliverReq	= STAmount(uCurrencyID, -1);	// Unlimited.
 	STAmount&		saPrvDeliverAct	= prvPN.saRevDeliver;
 
 	// For bNxtAccount
 	const STAmount&	saCurRedeemReq	= curPN.saRevRedeem;
-	STAmount		saCurRedeemAct;
+	STAmount		saCurRedeemAct(saCurRedeemReq.getCurrency());
 
 	const STAmount&	saCurIssueReq	= curPN.saRevIssue;
-	STAmount		saCurIssueAct;									// Track progress.
+	STAmount		saCurIssueAct(saCurIssueReq.getCurrency());		// Track progress.
 
 	// For !bNxtAccount
 	const STAmount&	saCurDeliverReq	= curPN.saRevDeliver;
-	STAmount		saCurDeliverAct;
+	STAmount		saCurDeliverAct(saCurDeliverReq.getCurrency());
 
 	// For uIndex == uLast
 	const STAmount&	saCurWantedReq	= pspCur->saOutReq;				// XXX Credit limits?
 	// STAmount		saPrvDeliverReq	= saPrvBalance.isPositive() ? saPrvLimit - saPrvBalance : saPrvLimit;
-	STAmount		saCurWantedAct;
+	STAmount		saCurWantedAct(saCurWantedReq.getCurrency());
+
+	Log(lsINFO) << str(boost::format("calcNodeAccountRev> uIndex=%d/%d saPrvRedeemReq=%s/%s saPrvIssueReq=%s/%s saCurWantedReq=%s/%s")
+		% uIndex
+		% uLast
+		% saPrvRedeemReq.getText()
+		% saPrvRedeemReq.getHumanCurrency()
+		% saPrvIssueReq.getText()
+		% saPrvIssueReq.getHumanCurrency()
+		% saCurWantedReq.getText()
+		% saCurWantedReq.getHumanCurrency());
+
+	Log(lsINFO) << pspCur->getJson();
 
 	if (bPrvAccount && bNxtAccount)
 	{
-		if (uIndex == uLast)
+		if (!uIndex)
+		{
+			// ^ --> ACCOUNT -->  account|offer
+			// Nothing to do, there is no previous to adjust.
+			nothing();
+		}
+		else if (uIndex == uLast)
 		{
 			// account --> ACCOUNT --> $
+			Log(lsINFO) << str(boost::format("calcNodeAccountRev: account --> ACCOUNT --> $"));
 
 			// Calculate redeem
 			if (bRedeem
 				&& saPrvRedeemReq)								// Previous has IOUs to redeem.
 			{
 				// Redeem at 1:1
+				Log(lsINFO) << str(boost::format("calcNodeAccountRev: Redeem at 1:1"));
+
 				saCurWantedAct		= MIN(saPrvRedeemReq, saCurWantedReq);
 				saPrvRedeemAct		= saCurWantedAct;
 			}
@@ -2624,6 +2692,8 @@ bool TransactionEngine::calcNodeAccountRev(unsigned int uIndex, PathState::point
 				&& saPrvIssueReq)								// Will accept IOUs.
 			{
 				// Rate: quality in : 1.0
+				Log(lsINFO) << str(boost::format("calcNodeAccountRev: Rate: quality in : 1.0"));
+
 				calcNodeRipple(uQualityIn, QUALITY_ONE, saPrvIssueReq, saCurWantedReq, saPrvIssueAct, saCurWantedAct);
 			}
 
@@ -2636,7 +2706,7 @@ bool TransactionEngine::calcNodeAccountRev(unsigned int uIndex, PathState::point
 		}
 		else
 		{
-			// account --> ACCOUNT --> account
+			// ^|account --> ACCOUNT --> account
 
 			// redeem (part 1) -> redeem
 			if (bPrvRedeem
@@ -2645,6 +2715,8 @@ bool TransactionEngine::calcNodeAccountRev(unsigned int uIndex, PathState::point
 				&& saPrvBalance.isNegative())			// Previous has IOUs to redeem.
 			{
 				// Rate : 1.0 : quality out
+				Log(lsINFO) << str(boost::format("calcNodeAccountRev: Rate : 1.0 : quality out"));
+
 				calcNodeRipple(QUALITY_ONE, uQualityOut, saPrvRedeemReq, saCurRedeemReq, saPrvRedeemAct, saCurRedeemAct);
 			}
 
@@ -2656,6 +2728,8 @@ bool TransactionEngine::calcNodeAccountRev(unsigned int uIndex, PathState::point
 				&& saCurIssueReq)						// Need some issued.
 			{
 				// Rate : 1.0 : transfer_rate
+				Log(lsINFO) << str(boost::format("calcNodeAccountRev: Rate : 1.0 : transfer_rate"));
+
 				calcNodeRipple(QUALITY_ONE, rippleTransfer(uCurAccountID), saPrvRedeemReq, saCurIssueReq, saPrvRedeemAct, saCurIssueAct);
 			}
 
@@ -2666,17 +2740,21 @@ bool TransactionEngine::calcNodeAccountRev(unsigned int uIndex, PathState::point
 				&& !saPrvBalance.isNegative())			// Previous has no IOUs.
 			{
 				// Rate: quality in : quality out
+				Log(lsINFO) << str(boost::format("calcNodeAccountRev: Rate: quality in : quality out"));
+
 				calcNodeRipple(uQualityIn, uQualityOut, saPrvIssueReq, saCurRedeemReq, saPrvIssueAct, saCurRedeemAct);
 			}
 
 			// issue (part 2) -> issue
 			if (bPrvIssue
 				&& bIssue								// Allowed to issue.
-				&& saCurRedeemReq != saCurRedeemAct		// Can only if issue if more can not be redeemed.
+				&& saCurRedeemReq == saCurRedeemAct		// Can only if issue if more can not be redeemed.
 				&& !saPrvBalance.isNegative()			// Previous has no IOUs.
 				&& saCurIssueReq != saCurIssueAct)		// Need some issued.
 			{
 				// Rate: quality in : 1.0
+				Log(lsINFO) << str(boost::format("calcNodeAccountRev: Rate: quality in : 1.0"));
+
 				calcNodeRipple(uQualityIn, QUALITY_ONE, saPrvIssueReq, saCurIssueReq, saPrvIssueAct, saCurIssueAct);
 			}
 
@@ -2686,12 +2764,23 @@ bool TransactionEngine::calcNodeAccountRev(unsigned int uIndex, PathState::point
 				// terResult	= tenBAD_AMOUNT;
 				bSuccess	= false;
 			}
+			Log(lsINFO) << str(boost::format("calcNodeAccountRev: ^|account --> ACCOUNT --> account : bPrvRedeem=%d bPrvIssue=%d bRedeem=%d bIssue=%d saCurRedeemReq=%s saCurIssueReq=%s saPrvBalance=%s saCurRedeemAct=%s saCurIssueAct=%s")
+				% bPrvRedeem
+				% bPrvIssue
+				% bRedeem
+				% bIssue
+				% saCurRedeemReq.getFullText()
+				% saCurIssueReq.getFullText()
+				% saPrvBalance.getFullText()
+				% saCurRedeemAct.getFullText()
+				% saCurIssueAct.getFullText());
 		}
 	}
 	else if (bPrvAccount && !bNxtAccount)
 	{
 		// account --> ACCOUNT --> offer
 		// Note: deliver is always issue as ACCOUNT is the issuer for the offer input.
+		Log(lsINFO) << str(boost::format("calcNodeAccountRev: account --> ACCOUNT --> offer"));
 
 		// redeem -> deliver/issue.
 		if (bPrvRedeem
@@ -2725,6 +2814,7 @@ bool TransactionEngine::calcNodeAccountRev(unsigned int uIndex, PathState::point
 		if (uIndex == uLast)
 		{
 			// offer --> ACCOUNT --> $
+			Log(lsINFO) << str(boost::format("calcNodeAccountRev: offer --> ACCOUNT --> $"));
 
 			// Rate: quality in : 1.0
 			calcNodeRipple(uQualityIn, QUALITY_ONE, saPrvDeliverReq, saCurWantedReq, saPrvDeliverAct, saCurWantedAct);
@@ -2740,6 +2830,7 @@ bool TransactionEngine::calcNodeAccountRev(unsigned int uIndex, PathState::point
 		{
 			// offer --> ACCOUNT --> account
 			// Note: offer is always deliver/redeeming as account is issuer.
+			Log(lsINFO) << str(boost::format("calcNodeAccountRev: offer --> ACCOUNT --> account"));
 
 			// deliver -> redeem
 			if (bRedeem									// Allowed to redeem.
@@ -2772,6 +2863,8 @@ bool TransactionEngine::calcNodeAccountRev(unsigned int uIndex, PathState::point
 	{
 		// offer --> ACCOUNT --> offer
 		// deliver/redeem -> deliver/issue.
+		Log(lsINFO) << str(boost::format("calcNodeAccountRev: offer --> ACCOUNT --> offer"));
+
 		if (bIssue									// Allowed to issue.
 			&& saCurDeliverReq != saCurDeliverAct)	// Can only if issue if more can not be redeemed.
 		{
@@ -2821,14 +2914,14 @@ bool TransactionEngine::calcNodeAccountFwd(unsigned int uIndex, PathState::point
 
 	// For bNxtAccount
 	const STAmount&	saPrvRedeemReq	= prvPN.saFwdRedeem;
-	STAmount		saPrvRedeemAct;
+	STAmount		saPrvRedeemAct(saPrvRedeemReq.getCurrency());
 
 	const STAmount&	saPrvIssueReq	= prvPN.saFwdIssue;
-	STAmount		saPrvIssueAct;
+	STAmount		saPrvIssueAct(saPrvIssueReq.getCurrency());
 
 	// For !bPrvAccount
 	const STAmount&	saPrvDeliverReq	= prvPN.saRevDeliver;
-	STAmount		saPrvDeliverAct;
+	STAmount		saPrvDeliverAct(saPrvDeliverReq.getCurrency());
 
 	// For bNxtAccount
 	const STAmount&	saCurRedeemReq	= curPN.saRevRedeem;
@@ -2843,6 +2936,16 @@ bool TransactionEngine::calcNodeAccountFwd(unsigned int uIndex, PathState::point
 
 	STAmount&		saCurReceive	= pspCur->saOutAct;
 
+	Log(lsINFO) << str(boost::format("calcNodeAccountFwd> uIndex=%d/%d saCurRedeemReq=%s/%s saCurIssueReq=%s/%s saCurDeliverReq=%s/%s")
+		% uIndex
+		% uLast
+		% saCurRedeemReq.getText()
+		% saCurRedeemReq.getHumanCurrency()
+		% saCurIssueReq.getText()
+		% saCurIssueReq.getHumanCurrency()
+		% saCurDeliverReq.getText()
+		% saCurDeliverReq.getHumanCurrency());
+
 	// Ripple through account.
 
 	if (bPrvAccount && bNxtAccount)
@@ -2860,26 +2963,49 @@ bool TransactionEngine::calcNodeAccountFwd(unsigned int uIndex, PathState::point
 			STAmount&		saCurIssueReq	= curPN.saRevIssue;
 			STAmount&		saCurIssueAct	= curPN.saFwdIssue;
 
-			STAmount&		saCurSendMaxReq	= pspCur->saInReq;
-			STAmount&		saCurSendMaxAct = pspCur->saInAct;
+			STAmount&		saCurSendMaxReq	= pspCur->saInReq;	// Negative for no limit, doing a calculation.
+			STAmount&		saCurSendMaxAct = pspCur->saInAct;	// Report to user how much this sends.
 
 			if (saCurRedeemReq)
 			{
 				// Redeem requested.
-				saCurRedeemAct	= MIN(saCurRedeemAct, saCurSendMaxReq);
-				saCurSendMaxAct	= saCurRedeemAct;
+				saCurRedeemAct	= saCurRedeemReq.isNegative()
+									? saCurRedeemReq
+									: MIN(saCurRedeemReq, saCurSendMaxReq);
 			}
+			else
+			{
+				saCurRedeemAct	= STAmount(saCurRedeemReq);
+			}
+			saCurSendMaxAct	= saCurRedeemAct;
 
-			if (saCurIssueReq && saCurSendMaxReq != saCurRedeemAct)
+			if (saCurIssueReq && (saCurSendMaxReq.isNegative() || saCurSendMaxReq != saCurRedeemAct))
 			{
 				// Issue requested and not over budget.
-				saCurIssueAct	= MIN(saCurSendMaxReq-saCurRedeemAct, saCurIssueReq);
-				// saCurSendMaxAct	+= saCurIssueReq; // Not needed.
+				saCurIssueAct	= saCurSendMaxReq.isNegative()
+									? saCurIssueReq
+									: MIN(saCurSendMaxReq-saCurRedeemAct, saCurIssueReq);
 			}
+			else
+			{
+				saCurIssueAct	= STAmount(saCurIssueReq);
+			}
+			saCurSendMaxAct	+= saCurIssueAct;
+
+			Log(lsINFO) << str(boost::format("calcNodeAccountFwd: ^ --> ACCOUNT --> account : saCurSendMaxReq=%s saCurRedeemAct=%s saCurIssueReq=%s saCurIssueAct=%s")
+				% saCurSendMaxReq.getFullText()
+				% saCurRedeemAct.getFullText()
+				% saCurIssueReq.getFullText()
+				% saCurIssueAct.getFullText());
 		}
 		else if (uIndex == uLast)
 		{
 			// account --> ACCOUNT --> $
+			Log(lsINFO) << str(boost::format("calcNodeAccountFwd: account --> ACCOUNT --> $ : uPrvAccountID=%s uCurAccountID=%s saPrvRedeemReq=%s saPrvIssueReq=%s")
+				% NewcoinAddress::createHumanAccountID(uPrvAccountID)
+				% NewcoinAddress::createHumanAccountID(uCurAccountID)
+				% saPrvRedeemReq.getFullText()
+				% saPrvIssueReq.getFullText());
 
 			// Last node.  Accept all funds.  Calculate amount actually to credit.
 
@@ -2891,11 +3017,12 @@ bool TransactionEngine::calcNodeAccountFwd(unsigned int uIndex, PathState::point
 			saCurReceive	= saPrvRedeemReq+saIssueCrd;
 
 			// Actually receive.
-			rippleCredit(uPrvAccountID, uCurAccountID, saPrvRedeemReq+saPrvIssueReq);
+			rippleCredit(uPrvAccountID, uCurAccountID, saPrvRedeemReq+saPrvIssueReq, false);
 		}
 		else
 		{
 			// account --> ACCOUNT --> account
+			Log(lsINFO) << str(boost::format("calcNodeAccountFwd: account --> ACCOUNT --> account"));
 
 			// Previous redeem part 1: redeem -> redeem
 			if (bRedeem										// Can redeem.
@@ -2936,12 +3063,13 @@ bool TransactionEngine::calcNodeAccountFwd(unsigned int uIndex, PathState::point
 
 			// Adjust prv --> cur balance : take all inbound
 			// XXX Currency must be in amount.
-			rippleCredit(uPrvAccountID, uCurAccountID, saPrvRedeemReq + saPrvIssueReq);
+			rippleCredit(uPrvAccountID, uCurAccountID, saPrvRedeemReq + saPrvIssueReq, false);
 		}
 	}
 	else if (bPrvAccount && !bNxtAccount)
 	{
 		// account --> ACCOUNT --> offer
+		Log(lsINFO) << str(boost::format("calcNodeAccountFwd: account --> ACCOUNT --> offer"));
 
 		// redeem -> issue.
 		// wants to redeem and current would and can issue.
@@ -2962,13 +3090,14 @@ bool TransactionEngine::calcNodeAccountFwd(unsigned int uIndex, PathState::point
 
 		// Adjust prv --> cur balance : take all inbound
 		// XXX Currency must be in amount.
-		rippleCredit(uPrvAccountID, uCurAccountID, saPrvRedeemReq + saPrvIssueReq);
+		rippleCredit(uPrvAccountID, uCurAccountID, saPrvRedeemReq + saPrvIssueReq, false);
 	}
 	else if (!bPrvAccount && bNxtAccount)
 	{
 		if (uIndex == uLast)
 		{
 			// offer --> ACCOUNT --> $
+			Log(lsINFO) << str(boost::format("calcNodeAccountFwd: offer --> ACCOUNT --> $"));
 
 			// Amount to credit.
 			saCurReceive	= saPrvDeliverAct;
@@ -2978,6 +3107,7 @@ bool TransactionEngine::calcNodeAccountFwd(unsigned int uIndex, PathState::point
 		else
 		{
 			// offer --> ACCOUNT --> account
+			Log(lsINFO) << str(boost::format("calcNodeAccountFwd: offer --> ACCOUNT --> account"));
 
 			// deliver -> redeem
 			if (bRedeem										// Allowed to redeem.
@@ -3005,6 +3135,8 @@ bool TransactionEngine::calcNodeAccountFwd(unsigned int uIndex, PathState::point
 	{
 		// offer --> ACCOUNT --> offer
 		// deliver/redeem -> deliver/issue.
+		Log(lsINFO) << str(boost::format("calcNodeAccountFwd: offer --> ACCOUNT --> offer"));
+
 		if (bIssue											// Allowed to issue.
 			&& saPrvDeliverReq								// Previous wants to deliver
 			&& saCurIssueReq)								// Current wants issue.
@@ -3134,6 +3266,8 @@ bool PathState::pushNode(int iType, uint160 uAccountID, uint160 uCurrencyID, uin
 			pnCur.uAccountID	= uAccountID;
 			pnCur.uCurrencyID	= bCurrency ? uCurrencyID : pnPrv.uCurrencyID;
 			pnCur.uIssuerID		= bIssuer ? uIssuerID : uAccountID;
+			pnCur.saRevRedeem	= STAmount(uCurrencyID);
+			pnCur.saRevIssue	= STAmount(uCurrencyID);
 
 			if (!bFirst)
 			{
@@ -3144,6 +3278,40 @@ bool PathState::pushNode(int iType, uint160 uAccountID, uint160 uCurrencyID, uin
 					!!pnCur.uCurrencyID ? uAccountID : ACCOUNT_XNS);	// Account as issuer.
 			}
 
+			if (bValid && !vpnNodes.empty())
+			{
+				const paymentNode&	pnBck		= vpnNodes.back();
+				bool				bBckAccount	= !!(pnBck.uFlags & STPathElement::typeAccount);
+
+				if (bBckAccount)
+				{
+					SLE::pointer	sleRippleState	= mLedger->getSLE(Ledger::getRippleStateIndex(pnBck.uAccountID, pnCur.uAccountID, pnPrv.uCurrencyID));
+
+					if (!sleRippleState)
+					{
+						Log(lsINFO) << "pushNode: No credit line between "
+							<< NewcoinAddress::createHumanAccountID(pnBck.uAccountID)
+							<< " and "
+							<< NewcoinAddress::createHumanAccountID(pnCur.uAccountID)
+							<< " for "
+							<< STAmount::createHumanCurrency(pnPrv.uCurrencyID)
+							<< "." ;
+
+						bValid	= false;
+					}
+					else
+					{
+						Log(lsINFO) << "pushNode: Credit line found between "
+							<< NewcoinAddress::createHumanAccountID(pnBck.uAccountID)
+							<< " and "
+							<< NewcoinAddress::createHumanAccountID(pnCur.uAccountID)
+							<< " for "
+							<< STAmount::createHumanCurrency(pnPrv.uCurrencyID)
+							<< "." ;
+					}
+				}
+			}
+
 			if (bValid)
 				vpnNodes.push_back(pnCur);
 		}
@@ -3187,11 +3355,11 @@ bool PathState::pushNode(int iType, uint160 uAccountID, uint160 uCurrencyID, uin
 			if (bValid)
 			{
 				// Verify that previous account is allowed to issue.
-				const paymentNode&	pnLst		= vpnNodes.back();
-				bool				bLstAccount	= !!(pnLst.uFlags & STPathElement::typeAccount);
-				bool				bLstIssue	= !!(pnLst.uFlags & STPathElement::typeIssue);
+				const paymentNode&	pnBck		= vpnNodes.back();
+				bool				bBckAccount	= !!(pnBck.uFlags & STPathElement::typeAccount);
+				bool				bBckIssue	= !!(pnBck.uFlags & STPathElement::typeIssue);
 
-				if (bLstAccount && !bLstIssue)
+				if (bBckAccount && !bBckIssue)
 				{
 					Log(lsINFO) << "pushNode: previous account must be allowed to issue.";
 
@@ -3210,6 +3378,7 @@ bool PathState::pushNode(int iType, uint160 uAccountID, uint160 uCurrencyID, uin
 
 // XXX Disallow loops in ripple paths
 PathState::PathState(
+	Ledger::pointer			lpLedger,
 	int						iIndex,
 	const LedgerEntrySet&	lesSource,
 	const STPath&			spSourcePath,
@@ -3219,7 +3388,7 @@ PathState::PathState(
 	STAmount				saSendMax,
 	bool					bPartialPayment
 	)
-	: mIndex(iIndex), uQuality(0)
+	: mLedger(lpLedger), mIndex(iIndex), uQuality(0)
 {
 	uint160	uInCurrencyID	= saSendMax.getCurrency();
 	uint160	uOutCurrencyID	= saSend.getCurrency();
@@ -3231,6 +3400,7 @@ PathState::PathState(
 	saInReq					= saSendMax;
 	saOutReq				= saSend;
 
+	// Push sending node.
 	bValid	= pushNode(
 		STPathElement::typeAccount
 			| STPathElement::typeRedeem
@@ -3276,13 +3446,16 @@ Json::Value	PathState::getJson() const
 	{
 		Json::Value	jvNode(Json::objectValue);
 
-		Json::Value	jvFlags(Json::objectValue);
+		Json::Value	jvFlags(Json::arrayValue);
+
+		if (pnNode.uFlags & STPathElement::typeAccount)
+			jvFlags.append("account");
 
 		if (pnNode.uFlags & STPathElement::typeRedeem)
-			jvFlags["redeem"]	= 1;
+			jvFlags.append("redeem");
 
 		if (pnNode.uFlags & STPathElement::typeIssue)
-			jvFlags["issue"]	= 1;
+			jvFlags.append("issue");
 
 		jvNode["flags"]	= jvFlags;
 
@@ -3295,6 +3468,24 @@ Json::Value	PathState::getJson() const
 		if (!!pnNode.uIssuerID)
 			jvNode["issuer"]	= NewcoinAddress::createHumanAccountID(pnNode.uIssuerID);
 
+		// if (!!pnNode.saRevRedeem)
+			jvNode["rev_redeem"]	= pnNode.saRevRedeem.getFullText();
+
+		// if (!!pnNode.saRevIssue)
+			jvNode["rev_issue"]		= pnNode.saRevIssue.getFullText();
+
+		// if (!!pnNode.saRevDeliver)
+			jvNode["rev_deliver"]	= pnNode.saRevDeliver.getFullText();
+
+		// if (!!pnNode.saFwdRedeem)
+			jvNode["fwd_redeem"]	= pnNode.saFwdRedeem.getFullText();
+
+		// if (!!pnNode.saFwdIssue)
+			jvNode["fwd_issue"]		= pnNode.saFwdIssue.getFullText();
+
+		// if (!!pnNode.saFwdDeliver)
+			jvNode["fwd_deliver"]	= pnNode.saFwdDeliver.getFullText();
+
 		jvNodes.append(jvNode);
 	}
 
@@ -3323,7 +3514,7 @@ Json::Value	PathState::getJson() const
 // Calculate a node and its previous nodes.
 // From the destination work towards the source calculating how much must be asked for.
 // --> bAllowPartial: If false, fail if can't meet requirements.
-// <-- bSuccess: true=success, false=insufficient funds / liqudity.
+// <-- bValid: true=success, false=insufficient funds / liqudity.
 // <-> pnNodes:
 //     --> [end]saWanted.mAmount
 //     --> [all]saWanted.mCurrency
@@ -3334,28 +3525,28 @@ bool TransactionEngine::calcNode(unsigned int uIndex, PathState::pointer pspCur,
 {
 	paymentNode&	curPN		= pspCur->vpnNodes[uIndex];
 	bool			bCurAccount	= !!(curPN.uFlags & STPathElement::typeAccount);
-	bool			bSuccess;
+	bool			bValid;
 
 	// Do current node reverse.
-	bSuccess	= bCurAccount
-					? calcNodeAccountRev(uIndex, pspCur, bMultiQuality)
-					: calcNodeOfferRev(uIndex, pspCur, bMultiQuality);
+	bValid	= bCurAccount
+				? calcNodeAccountRev(uIndex, pspCur, bMultiQuality)
+				: calcNodeOfferRev(uIndex, pspCur, bMultiQuality);
 
 	// Do previous.
-	if (bSuccess && uIndex)
+	if (bValid && uIndex)
 	{
-		bSuccess	= calcNode(uIndex-1, pspCur, bMultiQuality);
+		bValid	= calcNode(uIndex-1, pspCur, bMultiQuality);
 	}
 
 	// Do current node forward.
-	if (bSuccess)
+	if (bValid)
 	{
-		bSuccess	= bCurAccount
-						? calcNodeAccountFwd(uIndex, pspCur, bMultiQuality)
-						: calcNodeOfferFwd(uIndex, pspCur, bMultiQuality);
+		bValid	= bCurAccount
+					? calcNodeAccountFwd(uIndex, pspCur, bMultiQuality)
+					: calcNodeOfferFwd(uIndex, pspCur, bMultiQuality);
 	}
 
-	return bSuccess;
+	return bValid;
 }
 
 // Calculate the next increment of a path.
@@ -3372,9 +3563,14 @@ void TransactionEngine::pathNext(PathState::pointer pspCur, int iPaths)
 
 	assert(pspCur->vpnNodes.size() >= 2);
 
-	bool	bZero	= !calcNode(uLast, pspCur, iPaths == 1);
+	bool	bValid	= calcNode(uLast, pspCur, iPaths == 1);
 
-	pspCur->uQuality	= bZero
+	Log(lsINFO) << "pathNext: bValid="
+		<< bValid
+		<< " saOutAct=" << pspCur->saOutAct.getText()
+		<< " saInAct=" << pspCur->saInAct.getText();
+
+	pspCur->uQuality	= bValid
 		? STAmount::getRate(pspCur->saOutAct, pspCur->saInAct)	// Calculate relative quality.
 		: 0;													// Mark path as inactive.
 
@@ -3591,6 +3787,7 @@ TransactionEngineResult TransactionEngine::doPayment(const SerializedTransaction
 		// Direct path.
 		Log(lsINFO) << "doPayment: Build direct:";
 		vpsPaths.push_back(PathState::createPathState(
+			mLedger,
 			vpsPaths.size(),
 			mNodes,
 			STPath(),
@@ -3606,6 +3803,7 @@ TransactionEngineResult TransactionEngine::doPayment(const SerializedTransaction
 	{
 		Log(lsINFO) << "doPayment: Build path:";
 		vpsPaths.push_back(PathState::createPathState(
+			mLedger,
 			vpsPaths.size(),
 			mNodes,
 			spPath,
@@ -3671,9 +3869,19 @@ TransactionEngineResult TransactionEngine::doPayment(const SerializedTransaction
 		}
 	}
 
-	Log(lsINFO) << "doPayment: Delay transaction: No ripple paths could be satisfied.";
+	std::string	strToken;
+	std::string	strHuman;
 
-	return terBAD_RIPPLE;
+	if (transResultInfo(terResult, strToken, strHuman))
+	{
+		Log(lsINFO) << str(boost::format("doPayment: %s: %s") % strToken % strHuman);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		assert(false);
+	}
+
+	return terResult;
 }
 
 TransactionEngineResult TransactionEngine::doWalletAdd(const SerializedTransaction& txn)
diff --git a/src/TransactionEngine.h b/src/TransactionEngine.h
index 546287c03e..717074194b 100644
--- a/src/TransactionEngine.h
+++ b/src/TransactionEngine.h
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ typedef struct {
 	uint16							uFlags;				// --> From path.
 
 	uint160							uAccountID;			// --> Recieving/sending account.
-	uint160							uCurrencyID;		// --> Currency to recieve.
+	uint160							uCurrencyID;		// --> Accounts: receive and send, Offers: send.
 														// --- For offer's next has currency out.
 	uint160							uIssuerID;			// --> Currency's issuer
 
@@ -125,6 +125,8 @@ typedef struct {
 class PathState
 {
 protected:
+	Ledger::pointer				mLedger;
+
 	bool pushNode(int iType, uint160 uAccountID, uint160 uCurrencyID, uint160 uIssuerID);
 	bool pushImply(uint160 uAccountID, uint160 uCurrencyID, uint160 uIssuerID);
 
@@ -143,6 +145,7 @@ public:
 	STAmount					saOutAct;		// Amount actually sent (calc output).
 
 	PathState(
+		Ledger::pointer			lpLedger,
 		int						iIndex,
 		const LedgerEntrySet&	lesSource,
 		const STPath&			spSourcePath,
@@ -156,6 +159,7 @@ public:
 	Json::Value	getJson() const;
 
 	static PathState::pointer createPathState(
+		Ledger::pointer			lpLedger,
 		int						iIndex,
 		const LedgerEntrySet&	lesSource,
 		const STPath&			spSourcePath,
@@ -165,7 +169,7 @@ public:
 		STAmount				saSendMax,
 		bool					bPartialPayment
 		)
-	{ return boost::make_shared<PathState>(iIndex, lesSource, spSourcePath, uReceiverID, uSenderID, saSend, saSendMax, bPartialPayment); };
+	{ return boost::make_shared<PathState>(lpLedger, iIndex, lesSource, spSourcePath, uReceiverID, uSenderID, saSend, saSendMax, bPartialPayment); };
 
 	static bool lessPriority(const PathState::pointer& lhs, const PathState::pointer& rhs);
 };
@@ -225,7 +229,7 @@ protected:
 
 	STAmount			rippleHolds(const uint160& uAccountID, const uint160& uCurrencyID, const uint160& uIssuerID);
 	STAmount			rippleTransfer(const uint160& uSenderID, const uint160& uReceiverID, const uint160& uIssuerID, const STAmount& saAmount);
-	void				rippleCredit(const uint160& uSenderID, const uint160& uReceiverID, const STAmount& saAmount);
+	void				rippleCredit(const uint160& uSenderID, const uint160& uReceiverID, const STAmount& saAmount, bool bCheckIssuer=true);
 	STAmount			rippleSend(const uint160& uSenderID, const uint160& uReceiverID, const STAmount& saAmount);
 
 	STAmount			accountHolds(const uint160& uAccountID, const uint160& uCurrencyID, const uint160& uIssuerID);