diff --git a/reporting/BackendIndexer.cpp b/reporting/BackendIndexer.cpp
index be14dfd1..aa364b31 100644
--- a/reporting/BackendIndexer.cpp
+++ b/reporting/BackendIndexer.cpp
@@ -17,13 +17,23 @@ BackendIndexer::~BackendIndexer()
 void
 BackendIndexer::addKey(ripple::uint256 const& key)
 {
+    std::unique_lock lck(mtx);
     keys.insert(key);
     keysCumulative.insert(key);
 }
 void
+BackendIndexer::addKeyAsync(ripple::uint256 const& key)
+{
+    std::unique_lock lck(mtx);
+    keysCumulative.insert(key);
+}
+void
 BackendIndexer::deleteKey(ripple::uint256 const& key)
 {
+    std::unique_lock lck(mtx);
     keysCumulative.erase(key);
+    if (populatingCacheAsync)
+        deletedKeys.insert(key);
 }
 
 void
@@ -31,15 +41,27 @@ BackendIndexer::addBookOffer(
     ripple::uint256 const& book,
     ripple::uint256 const& offerKey)
 {
+    std::unique_lock lck(mtx);
     books[book].insert(offerKey);
     booksCumulative[book].insert(offerKey);
 }
 void
+BackendIndexer::addBookOfferAsync(
+    ripple::uint256 const& book,
+    ripple::uint256 const& offerKey)
+{
+    std::unique_lock lck(mtx);
+    booksCumulative[book].insert(offerKey);
+}
+void
 BackendIndexer::deleteBookOffer(
     ripple::uint256 const& book,
     ripple::uint256 const& offerKey)
 {
+    std::unique_lock lck(mtx);
     booksCumulative[book].erase(offerKey);
+    if (populatingCacheAsync)
+        deletedBooks[book].insert(offerKey);
 }
 
 void
@@ -48,21 +70,18 @@ BackendIndexer::clearCaches()
     keysCumulative = {};
     booksCumulative = {};
 }
+
 void
 BackendIndexer::populateCaches(
     BackendInterface const& backend,
     std::optional<uint32_t> sequence)
 {
-    if (keysCumulative.size() > 0)
-    {
-        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info)
-            << __func__ << " caches already populated. returning";
-        return;
-    }
     if (!sequence)
         sequence = backend.fetchLatestLedgerSequence();
     if (!sequence)
         return;
+    BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info)
+        << __func__ << " sequence = " << std::to_string(*sequence);
     std::optional<ripple::uint256> cursor;
     while (true)
     {
@@ -84,11 +103,11 @@ BackendIndexer::populateCaches(
             cursor = curCursor;
             for (auto& obj : objects)
             {
-                keysCumulative.insert(obj.key);
+                addKeyAsync(obj.key);
                 if (isOffer(obj.blob))
                 {
                     auto book = getBook(obj.blob);
-                    booksCumulative[book].insert(obj.key);
+                    addBookOfferAsync(book, obj.key);
                 }
             }
             if (!cursor)
@@ -101,6 +120,62 @@ BackendIndexer::populateCaches(
             std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(2));
         }
     }
+    // Do reconcilation. Remove anything from keys or books that shouldn't be
+    // there
+    {
+        std::unique_lock lck(mtx);
+        populatingCacheAsync = false;
+    }
+    auto tip = backend.fetchLatestLedgerSequence();
+    for (auto& key : deletedKeys)
+    {
+        deleteKey(key);
+    }
+    for (auto& book : deletedBooks)
+    {
+        for (auto& offer : book.second)
+        {
+            deleteBookOffer(book.first, offer);
+        }
+    }
+    {
+        std::unique_lock lck(mtx);
+        deletedKeys = {};
+        deletedBooks = {};
+        cv_.notify_one();
+    }
+    BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info)
+        << __func__
+        << " finished. keys.size() = " << std::to_string(keysCumulative.size());
+}
+void
+BackendIndexer::populateCachesAsync(
+    BackendInterface const& backend,
+    std::optional<uint32_t> sequence)
+{
+    if (keysCumulative.size() > 0)
+    {
+        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info)
+            << __func__ << " caches already populated. returning";
+        return;
+    }
+    {
+        std::unique_lock lck(mtx);
+        populatingCacheAsync = true;
+    }
+    BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info) << __func__;
+    boost::asio::post(ioc_, [this, sequence, &backend]() {
+        populateCaches(backend, sequence);
+    });
+}
+
+void
+BackendIndexer::waitForCaches()
+{
+    std::unique_lock lck(mtx);
+    cv_.wait(lck, [this]() {
+        return !populatingCacheAsync && deletedKeys.size() == 0;
+    });
 }
 
 void
@@ -119,6 +194,7 @@ BackendIndexer::writeNext(
 
     if (isFlag)
     {
+        waitForCaches();
         auto booksCopy = booksCumulative;
         auto keysCopy = keysCumulative;
         boost::asio::post(ioc_, [=, &backend]() {
diff --git a/reporting/BackendInterface.h b/reporting/BackendInterface.h
index 899c910f..dfe937b1 100644
--- a/reporting/BackendInterface.h
+++ b/reporting/BackendInterface.h
@@ -70,30 +70,51 @@ class BackendIndexer
     std::thread ioThread_;
     uint32_t shift_ = 16;
     std::unordered_set<ripple::uint256> keys;
-    std::unordered_map<ripple::uint256, std::unordered_set<ripple::uint256>>
-        books;
     std::unordered_set<ripple::uint256> keysCumulative;
+    std::unordered_map<ripple::uint256, std::unordered_set<ripple::uint256>>
+        books;
     std::unordered_map<ripple::uint256, std::unordered_set<ripple::uint256>>
         booksCumulative;
+    bool populatingCacheAsync = false;
+    // These are only used when the cache is being populated asynchronously
+    std::unordered_set<ripple::uint256> deletedKeys;
+    std::unordered_map<ripple::uint256, std::unordered_set<ripple::uint256>>
+        deletedBooks;
+    std::mutex mtx;
+    std::condition_variable cv_;
+
+    void
+    addKeyAsync(ripple::uint256 const& key);
+    void
+    addBookOfferAsync(
+        ripple::uint256 const& book,
+        ripple::uint256 const& offerKey);
 
 public:
     BackendIndexer(boost::json::object const& config);
     ~BackendIndexer();
 
+    void
+    populateCachesAsync(
+        BackendInterface const& backend,
+        std::optional<uint32_t> sequence = {});
     void
     populateCaches(
         BackendInterface const& backend,
         std::optional<uint32_t> sequence = {});
     void
     clearCaches();
+    // Blocking, possibly for minutes
+    void
+    waitForCaches();
 
     void
     addKey(ripple::uint256 const& key);
     void
     deleteKey(ripple::uint256 const& key);
-
     void
     addBookOffer(ripple::uint256 const& book, ripple::uint256 const& offerKey);
+
     void
     deleteBookOffer(
         ripple::uint256 const& book,
@@ -253,7 +274,8 @@ public:
     // other database methods
 
     // Open the database. Set up all of the necessary objects and
-    // datastructures. After this call completes, the database is ready for use.
+    // datastructures. After this call completes, the database is ready for
+    // use.
     virtual void
     open(bool readOnly) = 0;
 
diff --git a/reporting/CassandraBackend.cpp b/reporting/CassandraBackend.cpp
index 2860187b..54536140 100644
--- a/reporting/CassandraBackend.cpp
+++ b/reporting/CassandraBackend.cpp
@@ -289,73 +289,6 @@ CassandraBackend::fetchAllTransactionHashesInLedger(
     return hashes;
 }
 
-LedgerPage
-CassandraBackend::fetchLedgerPage2(
-    std::optional<ripple::uint256> const& cursor,
-    std::uint32_t ledgerSequence,
-    std::uint32_t limit) const
-{
-    BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(trace) << __func__;
-    std::optional<ripple::uint256> currentCursor = cursor;
-    std::vector<LedgerObject> objects;
-    uint32_t curLimit = limit;
-    while (objects.size() < limit)
-    {
-        CassandraStatement statement{selectLedgerPage_};
-
-        int64_t intCursor = INT64_MIN;
-        if (currentCursor)
-        {
-            auto token = getToken(currentCursor->data());
-            if (token)
-                intCursor = *token;
-        }
-        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(debug)
-            << __func__ << " - cursor = " << std::to_string(intCursor)
-            << " , sequence = " << std::to_string(ledgerSequence)
-            << ", - limit = " << std::to_string(limit);
-        statement.bindInt(intCursor);
-        statement.bindInt(ledgerSequence);
-        statement.bindUInt(curLimit);
-
-        CassandraResult result = executeSyncRead(statement);
-
-        if (!!result)
-        {
-            BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(debug)
-                << __func__ << " - got keys - size = " << result.numRows();
-
-            size_t prevSize = objects.size();
-            do
-            {
-                std::vector<unsigned char> object = result.getBytes();
-                if (object.size())
-                {
-                    objects.push_back({result.getUInt256(), std::move(object)});
-                }
-            } while (result.nextRow());
-            size_t prevBatchSize = objects.size() - prevSize;
-            BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(debug)
-                << __func__ << " - added to objects. size = " << objects.size();
-            if (result.numRows() < curLimit)
-            {
-                currentCursor = {};
-                break;
-            }
-            if (objects.size() < limit)
-            {
-                curLimit = 2048;
-            }
-            assert(objects.size());
-            currentCursor = objects[objects.size() - 1].key;
-        }
-    }
-    if (objects.size())
-        return {objects, currentCursor};
-
-    return {{}, {}};
-}
-
 struct ReadDiffCallbackData
 {
     CassandraBackend const& backend;
@@ -480,12 +413,12 @@ CassandraBackend::fetchLedgerPage(
     if (!index)
         return {};
     LedgerPage page;
-    if (cursor)
-        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(debug)
-            << __func__ << " - Cursor = " << ripple::strHex(*cursor);
     BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(debug)
         << __func__ << " ledgerSequence = " << std::to_string(ledgerSequence)
         << " index = " << std::to_string(*index);
+    if (cursor)
+        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(debug)
+            << __func__ << " - Cursor = " << ripple::strHex(*cursor);
     CassandraStatement statement{selectKeys_};
     statement.bindInt(*index);
     if (cursor)
@@ -497,10 +430,9 @@ CassandraBackend::fetchLedgerPage(
     }
     statement.bindUInt(limit);
     CassandraResult result = executeSyncRead(statement);
-    BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(debug) << __func__ << " Using base ledger. Got keys";
     if (!!result)
     {
-        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(debug)
+        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(trace)
             << __func__ << " - got keys - size = " << result.numRows();
         std::vector<ripple::uint256> keys;
 
@@ -508,17 +440,14 @@ CassandraBackend::fetchLedgerPage(
         {
             keys.push_back(result.getUInt256());
         } while (result.nextRow());
-        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(debug) << __func__ << " Using base ledger. Read keys";
         auto objects = fetchLedgerObjects(keys, ledgerSequence);
-        BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(debug)
-            << __func__ << " Using base ledger. Got objects";
         if (objects.size() != keys.size())
             throw std::runtime_error("Mismatch in size of objects and keys");
         if (keys.size() == limit)
             page.cursor = keys[keys.size() - 1];
 
         if (cursor)
-            BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(debug)
+            BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(trace)
                 << __func__ << " Cursor = " << ripple::strHex(*page.cursor);
 
         for (size_t i = 0; i < objects.size(); ++i)
@@ -530,7 +459,7 @@ CassandraBackend::fetchLedgerPage(
                 page.objects.push_back({std::move(key), std::move(obj)});
             }
         }
-        if (keys.size() && keys[0].isZero())
+        if (keys.size() && !cursor && !keys[0].isZero())
             page.warning = "Data may be incomplete";
         return page;
     }
diff --git a/reporting/CassandraBackend.h b/reporting/CassandraBackend.h
index 3b89f475..e5732a2b 100644
--- a/reporting/CassandraBackend.h
+++ b/reporting/CassandraBackend.h
@@ -945,11 +945,6 @@ public:
         return {{result.getBytes(), result.getBytes(), result.getUInt32()}};
     }
     LedgerPage
-    fetchLedgerPage2(
-        std::optional<ripple::uint256> const& cursor,
-        std::uint32_t ledgerSequence,
-        std::uint32_t limit) const;
-    LedgerPage
     fetchLedgerPage(
         std::optional<ripple::uint256> const& cursor,
         std::uint32_t ledgerSequence,
diff --git a/reporting/PostgresBackend.cpp b/reporting/PostgresBackend.cpp
index 5b10a274..969f6572 100644
--- a/reporting/PostgresBackend.cpp
+++ b/reporting/PostgresBackend.cpp
@@ -362,7 +362,7 @@ PostgresBackend::fetchLedgerPage(
                 results.push_back({keys[i], objs[i]});
             }
         }
-        if (keys[0].isZero())
+        if (!cursor && !keys[0].isZero())
             return {results, returnCursor, "Data may be incomplete"};
         return {results, returnCursor};
     }
diff --git a/reporting/ReportingETL.cpp b/reporting/ReportingETL.cpp
index 270d8006..5a15a581 100644
--- a/reporting/ReportingETL.cpp
+++ b/reporting/ReportingETL.cpp
@@ -367,7 +367,8 @@ ReportingETL::runETLPipeline(uint32_t startSequence, int numExtractors)
     }
     BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info) << __func__ << " : "
                             << "Populating caches";
-    flatMapBackend_->getIndexer().populateCaches(*flatMapBackend_);
+
+    flatMapBackend_->getIndexer().populateCachesAsync(*flatMapBackend_);
     BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL(info) << __func__ << " : "
                             << "Populated caches";